EP2721771A2 - Method for reactionless, redundant coupling of communication networks by means of the rapid spanning tree protocol - Google Patents

Method for reactionless, redundant coupling of communication networks by means of the rapid spanning tree protocol

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Publication number
EP2721771A2
EP2721771A2 EP12732974.6A EP12732974A EP2721771A2 EP 2721771 A2 EP2721771 A2 EP 2721771A2 EP 12732974 A EP12732974 A EP 12732974A EP 2721771 A2 EP2721771 A2 EP 2721771A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
network
coupling
networks
segments
rstp1
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP12732974.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Henri MÜLLER
George DITZEL
Oliver Kleineberg
Alen Mehmedagic
Dirk Mohl
Zbigniew Pelzer
Markus RENZ
Markus Seehofer
Vijay Vallala
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Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
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Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
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Application filed by Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH filed Critical Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
Publication of EP2721771A2 publication Critical patent/EP2721771A2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/42—Loop networks
    • H04L12/437—Ring fault isolation or reconfiguration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/48—Routing tree calculation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/58—Association of routers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for interconnecting networks, such as communication networks, in particular Ethernet networks, redundantly and without feedback, wherein in the at least one, preferably several network segments having multiple network devices that communicate with each other and exchange data via data lines, are present, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
  • MRP Media Redundancy Protocol
  • the RSTP can cover any desired network topologies by expanding its effective range to all network devices in all networks or network segments to be coupled, and thus to be able to recognize all existing loops.
  • IEEE 802.1 D-2004 a single protocol instance operates on each network device, all distributed protocol instances are assigned to a common, logical RSTP network.
  • MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
  • CIST Common Internal Spanning Tree
  • MSTP allows splitting network segments into regions that behave towards remote network devices as a single RSTP / MSTP device.
  • the MSTP regions are not completely free of each other's effects, the failure of the so-called root bridge the CIST can affect all MSTP regions and their connections to each other.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to limit the effects of a reconfiguration on that network segment in which this makes an error actually required.
  • the present invention thus describes a method for advantageously interconnecting networks, such as communication networks, in particular Ethemet networks, with each other in a redundant and non-reactive manner and increasing their performance.
  • the solution according to the invention is a method for using the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol in order to redundantly couple network segments with one another and at the same time to ensure that the coupled network segments work against each other without any reaction.
  • more than one RSTP protocol instance is implemented on network devices for coupling network segments.
  • a network segment can thus be connected to each RSTP protocol instance.
  • FIG 1 such a structure is shown schematically for two to be coupled networks or network segments by a dual RSTP device, the so-called coupling element here.
  • the device DuaIRSTP Single acts as a coupling element between the two network segments RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring.
  • the two coupled networks are hereby designed by way of example as ring networks, but the method is not limited thereto.
  • RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring can be interdependent network segments of a single physical network.
  • RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring can also be two independent, independently acting networks.
  • more than two RSTP "n" segments (“n"> 2) may be present and coupled to each other via a respective additional coupling element.
  • the protocol instance RSTP1 is assigned the network connections to the network RSTP1-primary ring and the protocol entity RSTP2 the network connections to the network RSTP2-secondary ring. If an error occurs in the RSTP1 - primary ring and this error causes a reconfiguration of the network, this reconfiguration only has an effect on the RSTP1 network. Within the duaIRSTP single coupling element, only the protocol instance RSTP1 is also affected. This ensures that both RSTP networks are coupled without feedback.
  • FIG. 1 Another challenge solved by the invention is the redundant coupling of two or more networks by means of the described method.
  • the coupling element duaIRSTP-Single itself represents a single fault element, in the event of its failure all communication between the two network segments is interrupted. Due to this fact, the coupling device can also be designed redundantly, as shown schematically in Figure 2.
  • the redundant coupling of the two network segments RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring in turn creates a network loop.
  • This network loop can not be resolved by RSTP itself because the RSTP instances RSTP1 and RSTP2 on the respective two coupling units duaIRSTP master and duaIRSTP slave are not connected to each other due to the required freedom from feedback and thus can not detect the network loop.
  • Another system component in the coupling elements master and slave ensures that only one of the two devices always transmits frames between the two network segments.
  • the coupling devices exchange control messages with each other via the two network segments RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring, in order to determine the state of the other one Monitor coupling element.
  • One of the devices assumes the state of the coupling master, all other devices the state of a coupling slave. Only the coupling master transfers frames between the network segments, the coupling slaves block the switching between the RSTP protocol instances.
  • the master or slave states can be assumed by the coupling devices both by manual configuration and by an automatic selection mechanism.
  • a slave must start switching frames between the network segments if the connection between the two network segments is no longer guaranteed by the master. This is shown by way of example in FIG. In Figure 3, Case 1, the device SW1 has the master state and SW2 the slave state. Thus, SW1 mediates between the segments (indicated by the double arrow), while SW2 has interrupted its connection between the RSTP instances (indicated by the cross) to prevent frames from looping.
  • the device recognizes SW2 by completely failing to communicate with device SW1, which itself must activate the connection between its RSTP instances.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for redundantly and reactionlessly connecting networks to each other, such as communication networks, particularly Ethernet networks, wherein there is a plurality of network devices which communicate and exchange data with each other via data lines in the network which has at least one, preferably a plurality of network segments, characterized in that at least more than one RSTP protocol instance is implemented on the network devices for coupling network segments so that one network segment can be connected per RSTP protocol instance.

Description

Verfahren zur rückwirkungsfreien, redundanten Kopplung von Kommunikationsnetzen mittels des Rapid Spanning Tree Protocols  Method for the feedback-free, redundant coupling of communication networks by means of the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren, um Netzwerke, wie Kommunikationsnetzwerke, insbesondere Ethernet-Netzwerke, redundant und rückwirkungsfrei miteinander zu verbinden, wobei in dem zumindest ein, vorzugsweise mehrere Netzwerksegmente aufweisenden Netzwerk mehrere Netzwerkgeräte, die über Datenleitungen miteinander kommunizieren und Daten austauschen, vorhanden sind, gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1. The invention relates to a method for interconnecting networks, such as communication networks, in particular Ethernet networks, redundantly and without feedback, wherein in the at least one, preferably several network segments having multiple network devices that communicate with each other and exchange data via data lines, are present, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Bekannt und Stand der Technik sind Mechanismen, die innerhalb eines Ethernet- Netzwerks den Einsatz redundanter Medienverbindungen zulassen. Aufgrund der Rundrufcharakteristik des Ethernets ist in einem solchen Netzwerk nur ein aktiver Pfad von der Kommunikationsquelle zur Kommunikationssenke erlaubt. Zusätzliche Pfade und die damit eingefügten Schleifen in der Netzwerkstruktur führen unweigerlich dazu, das Ethemet-Frames kontinuierlich kreisen und den gesamten Netzwerkverkehr durch Überlast lahmlegen. Known and state of the art are mechanisms that allow the use of redundant media connections within an Ethernet network. Due to the omnidirectional nature of the Ethernet, only one active path from the communication source to the communication sink is allowed in such a network. Additional paths and loops in the network structure inevitably cause the Ethemet frames to loop continuously and paralyze all network traffic.
Um trotzdem redundante Verbindungen zur Fehlerabsicherung zuzulassen, wurde eine Vielzahl von Protokollen entworfen, die redundante Pfade für die aktive Kommunikation abschalten und nur im Bedarfsfall aktivieren können. Beispielhaft sind hier das im Standard IEEE 802.1 D-2004 definierte Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) und der im Standard IEC 62439-2 definierte Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) Ring genannt. In order to still allow redundant connections for error protection, a large number of protocols has been designed that can switch off redundant paths for active communication and activate them only when necessary. By way of example, the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) defined in the IEEE 802.1 D-2004 standard and the Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) ring defined in the IEC 62439-2 standard are mentioned here.
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE CONFIRMATION COPY
Das RSTP kann hierbei beliebig ausgestaltete Netzwerktopologien abdecken, indem es seinen Wirkbereich auf alle Netzwerkgeräte in allen zu koppelnden Netzwerken bzw. Netzsegmenten ausdehnt und so alle vorhandenen Schleifen erkennen kann. Hierbei arbeitet gemäß IEEE 802.1 D-2004 auf jedem Netzwerkgerät eine einzelne Protokollinstanz, alle verteilten Protokollinstanzen sind einem gemeinsamen, logischen RSTP-Netz zugeordnet. In this case, the RSTP can cover any desired network topologies by expanding its effective range to all network devices in all networks or network segments to be coupled, and thus to be able to recognize all existing loops. According to IEEE 802.1 D-2004, a single protocol instance operates on each network device, all distributed protocol instances are assigned to a common, logical RSTP network.
Im Gegenzug bedeutet dies jedoch auch, dass im Falle einer Neukonfiguration der aktiven Netzwerkpfade (Verbindungen zwischen den Netzwerkgeräten über die Datenleitungen), beispielsweise nach Ausfall (z.B. Kabelbruch oder vergleichbares) einer physikalischen aktiven Verbindung, alle miteinander verbundenen Netzwerksegmente von dieser Neukonfiguration betroffen sind, auch wenn der Fehler nur in einem Netzwerksegment auftritt und die anderen Netzwerksegmente nicht betroffen sein müssten. Dies wirkt sich nachteilig auf die Leistungsfähigkeit des gesamten Netzwerks aus. In turn, however, this also means that in the case of a reconfiguration of the active network paths (connections between the network devices via the data lines), for example, after failure (eg cable break or similar) of a physical active connection, all interconnected network segments are affected by this reconfiguration, too if the error occurs only in one network segment and the other network segments would not be affected. This adversely affects the performance of the entire network.
Die Weiterentwicklung des RSTP, das Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP, beschrieben in IEEE 802.1 Q-2005), arbeitet, genau wie RSTP, ebenfalls mit einem gemeinsamen, über alle teilnehmenden Netzwerkgeräte verteilten MSTP-Netz, der Common Internal Spanning Tree (CIST) Instanz. Weiterhin arbeitet auf jedem Netzwerkgerät genau eine MSTP-Protokollinstanz. The further development of the RSTP, the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP, described in IEEE 802.1 Q-2005), works, just like RSTP, also with a common, distributed across all participating network devices MSTP network, the Common Internal Spanning Tree (CIST) instance. Furthermore, exactly one MSTP protocol instance is working on each network device.
Das MSTP erlaubt allerdings das Aufteilen von Netzwerksegmenten in Regionen, die sich gegenüber außerhalb der Region befindlichen Netzwerkgeräten wie ein einzelnes RSTP/MSTP-Gerät verhalten. Die MSTP-Regionen sind allerdings untereinander nicht vollständig rückwirkungsfrei, der Ausfall der sogenannten root bridge der CIST kann sich auf alle MSTP-Regionen und deren Verbindungen zueinander auswirken. However, the MSTP allows splitting network segments into regions that behave towards remote network devices as a single RSTP / MSTP device. However, the MSTP regions are not completely free of each other's effects, the failure of the so-called root bridge the CIST can affect all MSTP regions and their connections to each other.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, die Auswirkungen einer Neukonfiguration auf dasjenige Netzwerksegment zu beschränken, in dem dies ein aufgetretener Fehler tatsächlich erforderlich macht. The invention is therefore based on the object to limit the effects of a reconfiguration on that network segment in which this makes an error actually required.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt somit ein Verfahren, um Netzwerke, wie Kommunikationsnetzwerke, insbesondere Ethemet-Netzwerke, in vorteilhafter Weise redundant und rückwirkungsfrei miteinander zu verbinden sowie deren Leistungsfähigkeit zu erhöhen. The present invention thus describes a method for advantageously interconnecting networks, such as communication networks, in particular Ethemet networks, with each other in a redundant and non-reactive manner and increasing their performance.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist ein Verfahren zum Einsatz des Rapid Spanning Tree Protocols, um Netzwerksegmente miteinander redundant zu koppeln und gleichzeitig sicherzustellen, dass die gekoppelten Netzwerksegmente gegeneinander rückwirkungsfrei arbeiten. The solution according to the invention is a method for using the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol in order to redundantly couple network segments with one another and at the same time to ensure that the coupled network segments work against each other without any reaction.
Zu diesem Zweck wird auf Netzwerkgeräten zur Kopplung von Netzsegmenten mehr als eine Protokollinstanz von RSTP implementiert. Pro RSTP Protokollinstanz kann somit ein Netzwerksegment angebunden werden. For this purpose, more than one RSTP protocol instance is implemented on network devices for coupling network segments. A network segment can thus be connected to each RSTP protocol instance.
Dies ist ein signifikanter vorteilhafter Schritt, um moderne, hochverfügbare Netzwerke, vorzugsweise Ethernet-Netzwerke, skalierbar und flexibel zu gestalten, ohne dass die Nachteile der Rückwirkung einzelner Redundanzsegmente zueinander diese gekoppelten Netze für den Praxiseinsatz unbrauchbar machen. Außerdem ist die Leistungsfähigkeit des Netzwerkes deutlich verbessert, da sich Rekonfigurationen sehr schnell durchführen lassen. Ein typischer Fall ist die Implementierung von genau zwei RSTP-Protokollinstanzen in einem Netzwerkgerät, welches die Kopplung von zwei Netzwerken bzw. Netzwerksegmenten miteinander ermöglicht. Das Verfahren ist allerdings nicht auf zwei solcher Instanzen beschränkt, sondern lässt sich auch auf mehr als zwei Instanzen anwenden. This is a significant advantageous step to make modern, highly available networks, preferably Ethernet networks, scalable and flexible, without the disadvantages of the retroactivity of individual redundancy segments to each other make these coupled networks unusable for practical use. In addition, the performance of the network is significantly improved, since reconfigurations can be carried out very quickly. A typical case is the implementation of exactly two RSTP protocol instances in a network device, which enables the coupling of two networks or network segments to one another. However, the method is not limited to two such instances, but can be applied to more than two instances.
In Figur 1 ist ein solcher Aufbau schematisch für zwei zu koppelnde Netzwerke bzw. Netzwerksegmente durch ein duales RSTP-Gerät, das hier sogenannte Kopplungselement, dargestellt. Das Gerät DuaIRSTP-Single agiert hierbei als Kopplungselement zwischen den beiden Netzwerksegmenten RSTP1 - primary ring und RSTP2 - secondary ring. Die beiden gekoppelten Netzwerke sind hierbei beispielhaft als Ringnetzwerke ausgelegt, das Verfahren ist aber nicht darauf beschränkt. RSTP1 - primary ring und RSTP2 - secondary ring können abhängig voneinander wirkende Netzwerksegmente eines einzigen, physikalischen Netzwerkes sein. RSTP1 - primary ring und RSTP2 - secondary ring können aber auch zwei eigenständige, unabhängig voneinander wirkende Netzwerke sein. Darüber hinaus können auch mehr als zwei RSTP"n"-Segmente („n" > 2)vorhanden und über jeweils ein weiteres Kopplungselement miteinander gekoppelt sein. In Figure 1, such a structure is shown schematically for two to be coupled networks or network segments by a dual RSTP device, the so-called coupling element here. The device DuaIRSTP Single acts as a coupling element between the two network segments RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring. The two coupled networks are hereby designed by way of example as ring networks, but the method is not limited thereto. RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring can be interdependent network segments of a single physical network. However, RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring can also be two independent, independently acting networks. In addition, more than two RSTP "n" segments ("n"> 2) may be present and coupled to each other via a respective additional coupling element.
Jede der auf dem koppelnden Netzwerkgerät DuaIRSTP-Single (Kopplungselement) implementierten RSTP-Protokollinstanzen werden jeweils die Netzwerkanschlüsse zugeordnet, mit denen das Kopplungsgerät (= Kopplungselement) in das jeweilige Netzwerksegment verbunden ist. Each of the RSTP protocol instances implemented on the coupling network device DuaIRSTP-Single (coupling element) is assigned the network connections to which the coupling device (= coupling element) is connected in the respective network segment.
In Figur 1 werden so der Protokollinstanz RSTP1 die Netzwerkanschlüsse in das Netz RSTP1 - primary ring zugeordnet und der Protokollinstanz RSTP2 die Netzwerkanschlüsse in das Netzwerk RSTP2 - secondary ring. Tritt nun ein Fehler im RSTP1 - primary ring auf und bewirkt dieser Fehler eine Neukonfiguration des Netzwerks, so wirkt sich diese Neukonfiguration nur innerhalb des RSTP1 -Netzwerks aus. Innerhalb des Koppelelements duaIRSTP-Single ist ebenfalls nur die Protokollinstanz RSTP1 betroffen. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass beide RSTP-Netzwerke rückwirkungsfrei gekoppelt sind. In FIG. 1, the protocol instance RSTP1 is assigned the network connections to the network RSTP1-primary ring and the protocol entity RSTP2 the network connections to the network RSTP2-secondary ring. If an error occurs in the RSTP1 - primary ring and this error causes a reconfiguration of the network, this reconfiguration only has an effect on the RSTP1 network. Within the duaIRSTP single coupling element, only the protocol instance RSTP1 is also affected. This ensures that both RSTP networks are coupled without feedback.
Eine weitere Herausforderung, die durch die Erfindung gelöst ist, ist die redundante Kopplung zweier oder mehrerer Netzwerke mittels des beschriebenen Verfahrens. In Figur 1 stellt das Koppelelement duaIRSTP-Single selbst ein einzelnes Fehlerelement dar, bei dessen Ausfall sämtliche Kommunikation zwischen den beiden Netzsegmenten unterbrochen wird. Aufgrund dieser Tatsache kann die Koppeleinrichtung ebenfalls redundant ausgelegt werden, wie in Figur 2 schematisch dargestellt. Another challenge solved by the invention is the redundant coupling of two or more networks by means of the described method. In FIG. 1, the coupling element duaIRSTP-Single itself represents a single fault element, in the event of its failure all communication between the two network segments is interrupted. Due to this fact, the coupling device can also be designed redundantly, as shown schematically in Figure 2.
Hierbei ist jedoch zu beachten, dass durch die redundante Kopplung der beiden Netzsegmente RSTP1 - primary ring und RSTP2 - secondary ring wiederum eine Netzwerkschleife entsteht. Diese Netzwerkschleife kann nicht durch RSTP selbst aufgelöst werden, da aufgrund der erforderlichen Rückwirkungsfreiheit die RSTP- Instanzen RSTP1 und RSTP2 auf den jeweiligen beiden Kopplungseinheiten duaIRSTP Master und duaIRSTP Slave nicht miteinander verbunden sind und so die Netzwerkschleife nicht erkennen können. However, it should be noted that the redundant coupling of the two network segments RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring in turn creates a network loop. This network loop can not be resolved by RSTP itself because the RSTP instances RSTP1 and RSTP2 on the respective two coupling units duaIRSTP master and duaIRSTP slave are not connected to each other due to the required freedom from feedback and thus can not detect the network loop.
Um die durch die Netzwerkschleife kreisenden Frames zu verhindern, wird durch eine weitere Systemkomponente in den Kopplungselementen Master und Slave sichergestellt, dass stets nur eines der beiden Geräte Frames zwischen den beiden Netzwerksegmenten vermittelt. Die Kopplungsgeräte tauschen untereinander Kontrollnachrichten über die beiden Netzsegmente RSTP1 - primary ring und RSTP2 - secondary ring aus, um den Zustand des jeweils anderen Kopplungselements zu überwachen. Eines der Geräte nimmt den Zustand des Kopplungsmasters ein, alle weiteren Geräte den Zustand eines Kopplungsslaves. Nur der Kopplungsmaster vermittelt Frames zwischen den Netzsegmenten, die Kopplungsslaves blockieren die Vermittlung zwischen den RSTP-Protokollinstanzen. Die Zustände Master bzw. Slave können hierbei von den Kopplungsgeräten sowohl durch manuelle Konfiguration als auch durch einen automatischen Auswahlmechanismus angenommen werden. In order to prevent the frames circulating through the network loop, another system component in the coupling elements master and slave ensures that only one of the two devices always transmits frames between the two network segments. The coupling devices exchange control messages with each other via the two network segments RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring, in order to determine the state of the other one Monitor coupling element. One of the devices assumes the state of the coupling master, all other devices the state of a coupling slave. Only the coupling master transfers frames between the network segments, the coupling slaves block the switching between the RSTP protocol instances. The master or slave states can be assumed by the coupling devices both by manual configuration and by an automatic selection mechanism.
Ein Slave muss mit der Vermittlung von Frames zwischen den Netzsegmenten beginnen, wenn die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Netzwerksegmenten durch den Master nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. Dies ist beispielhaft in Figur 3 dargestellt. In Figur 3, Case 1 besitzt das Gerät SW1 den Masterzustand und SW2 den Slave Zustand. Somit vermittelt SW1 zwischen den Segmenten (angezeigt durch den Doppelpfeil), während SW2 seine Verbindung zwischen den RSTP Instanzen unterbrochen hat (angezeigt durch das Kreuz) um das Kreisen von Frames zu verhindern. A slave must start switching frames between the network segments if the connection between the two network segments is no longer guaranteed by the master. This is shown by way of example in FIG. In Figure 3, Case 1, the device SW1 has the master state and SW2 the slave state. Thus, SW1 mediates between the segments (indicated by the double arrow), while SW2 has interrupted its connection between the RSTP instances (indicated by the cross) to prevent frames from looping.
In Figur 3, Case 2 hat das Gerät SW1 aufgrund mehrerer Defekte beide Anschlüsse (PC und PA) in das Netzwerk RSTP1 - primary ring verloren. Somit muss das Gerät SW2 die Verbindung zwischen seinen RSTP-Instanzen aktivieren, um die Verbindung beider Netzwerksegmente weiterhin sicherzustellen. SW2 erhält diese Information von SW1 über die weiterhin funktionierende Verbindung zwischen SW1 und SW2 über das zweite Netzwerksegment RSTP2 - secondary ring. In FIG. 3, Case 2, the device SW1 has lost both connections (PC and PA) to the network RSTP1 - primary ring due to several defects. Thus, the device SW2 must activate the connection between its RSTP instances in order to continue to ensure the connection of both network segments. SW2 receives this information from SW1 via the still functioning connection between SW1 and SW2 via the second network segment RSTP2 - secondary ring.
Fällt das Gerät SW1 vollständig aus, so erkennt das Gerät SW2 durch den vollständigen Ausfall der Kommunikation mit Gerät SW1 , das es selbst die Verbindung zwischen seinen RSTP-Instanzen aktivieren muss. If the device SW1 completely fails, the device recognizes SW2 by completely failing to communicate with device SW1, which itself must activate the connection between its RSTP instances.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren, um Netzwerke wie Kommunikationsnetzwerke, insbesondere Ethernet Netzwerke, redundant und rückwirkungsfrei miteinander zu verbinden, wobei in dem zumindest ein, vorzugsweise mehrere Netzwerksegmente aufweisenden Netzwerk mehrere Netzwerkgeräte, die über Datenleitungen miteinander kommunizieren und Daten austauschen, vorhanden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf den Netzwerkgeräten zur Kopplung von Netzwerksegmenten zumindest mehr als eine RSTP-Protokollinstanz implementiert wird, so dass je RSTP-Protokollinstanz ein Netzwerksegment angebunden werden kann. 1. A method for networks such as communication networks, in particular Ethernet networks, redundant and feedback-free interconnect, wherein in the at least one, preferably several network segments having network, several network devices that communicate with each other via data lines and exchange data, are present, characterized in that at least more than one RSTP protocol entity is implemented on the network devices for coupling network segments, so that a network segment can be connected per RSTP protocol entity.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder der auf dem koppelnden Netzwerkgerät DuaIRSTP Single implementierten RSTP- Protokollinstanzen jeweils die Netzwerkanschlüsse zugeordnet werden, mit denen das Kopplungsgerät in das jeweilige Netzwerksegment verbunden ist. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the implemented on the coupling network device DuaIRSTP single RSTP protocol instances are each assigned to the network connections with which the coupling device is connected to the respective network segment.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dann, wenn ein Fehler in einem Netzwerksegment (z.B. im RSTP1 - primary ring) auftaucht und dieser eine Neukonfiguration des Netzwerks bewirkt, sich diese Neukonfiguration nur innerhalb dieses Netzwerksegmentes (z.B. innerhalb des RSTP1 -Netzwerks) auswirkt, wobei innerhalb des Koppelelements duaIRSTPSingle ebenfalls nur diese Protokollinstanz (z.B. RSTP1 ) betroffen ist. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when an error in a network segment (eg in the RSTP1 - primary ring) appears and this causes a reconfiguration of the network, this reconfiguration only within this network segment (eg within the RSTP1 Network), whereby within the coupling element duaIRSTPSingle also only this protocol instance (eg RSTP1) is affected.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, um die durch eine Netzwerkschleife kreisenden Frames zu verhindern, durch eine weitere Systemkomponente in den Kopplungselementen Master und Slave sichergestellt wird, dass stets nur eines der beiden Geräte Frames zwischen den beiden Netzwerksegmenten vermittelt, wozu die Kopplungsgeräte untereinander Kontrollnachrichten über die beiden Netzsegmente RSTP1 - primary ring und RSTP2 - secondary ring aus tauschen, um den Zustand des jeweils anderen Kopplungselements zu überwachen. 4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, in order to prevent the circulating through a network loop frames is ensured by another system component in the coupling elements master and slave that always only one of the two devices frames between the two Network segments mediated, for which the coupling devices exchange control messages with each other via the two network segments RSTP1 - primary ring and RSTP2 - secondary ring to monitor the state of the other coupling element.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zustände Master bzw. Slave hierbei von den Kopplungsgeräten durch manuelle Konfiguration und/oder durch einen automatischen Auswahlmechanismus angenommen werden können. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the states master or slave can be assumed here by the coupling devices by manual configuration and / or by an automatic selection mechanism.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Slave mit der Vermittlung von Frames zwischen den Netzsegmenten beginnen muss, wenn die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Netzwerksegmenten durch den Master nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. 6. The method of claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a slave must begin with the mediation of frames between the network segments when the connection between the two network segments is no longer guaranteed by the master.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden gekoppelten Netzwerke als Ringnetzwerke betrieben werden. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two coupled networks are operated as ring networks.
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