EP2718703A1 - Procédé à impédance et système pour déterminer la composition d'un mélange multiphase - Google Patents

Procédé à impédance et système pour déterminer la composition d'un mélange multiphase

Info

Publication number
EP2718703A1
EP2718703A1 EP12721815.4A EP12721815A EP2718703A1 EP 2718703 A1 EP2718703 A1 EP 2718703A1 EP 12721815 A EP12721815 A EP 12721815A EP 2718703 A1 EP2718703 A1 EP 2718703A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impedance
multiphase mixture
mixture
electrodes
multiphase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12721815.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Joksch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2718703A1 publication Critical patent/EP2718703A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
    • G01N27/07—Construction of measuring vessels; Electrodes therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
    • G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
    • G01N33/2835—Specific substances contained in the oils or fuels
    • G01N33/2847—Water in oils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for determining a composition of a multiphase mixture, wherein the multiphase mixture comprises at least three phases, into ⁇ particular oil, water, sand and / or sludge, comprising.
  • the multiphase mixture is conveyed away or discharged in a flow-through device, in particular a pipeline, for example, from a delivery point.
  • multi or multi-phase mixtures are involved, through which, for example, flow-through devices (for example pipes, pipes, etc.) are flowed through.
  • flow-through devices for example pipes, pipes, etc.
  • the problem often arises that not only a total mass flow, but also a ratio and / or proportions of the different phases in the multiphase mixture for an efficient flow of
  • Mass flow and the ratio of administrat ⁇ different phases are important for example for billing, for a control of the multiphase pump and in particular for setting a delivery rate (eg in oil production) and for quality monitoring.
  • Such devices are capable of producing two or three phases of a multiphase mixture - such as e.g. Oil, water and gas - to capture.
  • a multiphase mixture such as e.g. Oil, water and gas - to capture.
  • a multiphase flowmeter is a device used primarily in the oil and gas industry, and which measures and monitors flow rates of individual phases (eg, oil, water, gas) without prior separation of phases during the oil production or production process can be.
  • phases eg, oil, water, gas
  • a distinction can be made between local measurement and a so-called cross-sectional measurement.
  • cross-section measurement is either a reduction of radioactive or by X-ray radiation or a measurement of impedance or the electrical conductivity of the Mixture used to the respective phases or their
  • the cited, known multiphase flowmeters are usually limited to one measurement or determination of the phases of petroleum, water and gas and can therefore difficult or even impossible to detect contamination by sand and / or sludge in a multiphase mixture.
  • the so-called electrical impedance ⁇ spectroscopy is used in combination with other sensors for a measurement of eg temperature, pH, etc. of the mixture as a measuring method.
  • the sensors for the electrical impedance spectroscopy are in contact with the multiphase fluid mixture for the measurement. Impedances of the multiphase fluid mixture are determined over a frequency range of 0.1 Hz up to 1 MHz and then in a computing unit with the aid of derives the corresponding desired parameters from a mathematical model.
  • the method disclosed in document US 2006/0265150 A1 also has disadvantages in the case of use in a so-called flowmeter, in particular in oil production and / or processing, since it is possible to determine a composition of a multiphase mixture due to the low frequency range of .mu.m used for the measurement 0.1 Hz up to 1MHz can take a relatively long time.
  • a recording of a measuring point for the impedance spectrum at a frequency of 0.1 Hz takes about 5 to 10 seconds, and the recording of an entire spectrum may take, for example, one minute or more.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and an arrangement, by means of which a composition of a multiphase mixture can be determined without faulty measurements and / or trouble-free even with rapid changes in a simple and cost-effective manner.
  • electrodes are mounted in an electrically insulated manner from the multiphase mixture at a flow-through device for the multiphase mixture. On the multiphase mixture is then a
  • Electrodes performed a capacitive measurement of an impedance of the multiphase mixture and determines a dependent of a frequency waveform of the impedance using a measuring unit. Impedance spectra are then determined from the impedance curve determined with the aid of the measuring unit, and volume fractions of the respective phases in the multiphase mixture are derived by an evaluation unit via an evaluation of the impedance spectra.
  • the main aspect of the proposed solution according to the invention is that it can be ensured by the insulated electrodes, that a measurement, in particular the impedance, not by electrochemical reactions to the
  • the inventive method provides - especially for more than two phases in a multi-phase mixture as well as for shares of sand and / or sludge volume fraction with a relatively good accuracy (about 5 to 10%). It is advantageous if derived impedance spectra
  • measured and / or determined values - such as e.g. Impedance curves of the respective phases, impedance spectra, volume fractions, etc. - are displayed in a simple and rapid manner and it can be easily read a composition or a change in the composition of the multiphase mixture. It is advantageous if the electrodes on the outside of a
  • the electrodes can be easily mounted and removed in this way if necessary, e.g. At another point of the flow device, a measurement should be made.
  • the PLS is a static method of multivariate analysis, which is described e.g. is used to find relations between two matrices - e.g. a latent one
  • the PLS is also used, for example, in so-called Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR Spectroscopy) for evaluation purposes and also supplies in the
  • an impedance spectrum in a frequency range from 10 kHz to 20 MHz is recorded with the electrodes.
  • Practical tests of the determination of volume fractions with multiphase mixtures having at least three phases, in particular a mixture of oil, water and sand or sludge, have shown that in this frequency range a measurement of the impedance with electrically insulated electrodes, in particular attached to the outer wall of the flow-through device, is good Values for determining the volume fraction of the respective phases as well as for transitions between the phases can be achieved.
  • the error and interference susceptibility of the method according to the invention is rather low in this frequency range.
  • relatively fast measurements can be made in the frequency range from 10 kHz to 20 MHz, since this frequency range is sufficiently high to be able to record several impedance spectra per second. This is particularly advantageous when using the invention in a multi-phase flowmeter.
  • Method provides that in the capacitive measurement of the Impedance of the multi-phase mixture is a reference impedance, in particular ⁇ a capacity is used. Because when applying an AC voltage or an associated
  • the multiphase mixture acts as a dielectric, in which as a result of
  • Electrodes a frequency-dependent proportion of the measured
  • Electrodes mainly has a capacitive value.
  • Cross-section sensors can be mounted in a simple manner - in particular on outer walls of flow devices for measuring an impedance of a multi-phase mixture.
  • Flow device for the multiphase mixture further at least two electrodes for capacitive measurement of a
  • the arrangement according to the invention comprises a voltage source via which a
  • Impedance and determining the associated impedance spectra and an evaluation unit for determining volume fractions of the respective phase in the multiphase mixture are provided.
  • electrically insulated electrodes is ensured that a measurement of the impedance - by means of a voltage source and a reference impedance, for example by means of
  • the measuring unit of the arrangement according to the invention determines a frequency-dependent impedance profile and from this the corresponding impedance spectra in the selected
  • Frequency range e.g., 10kHz to 20MHz.
  • Frequency range is chosen such that it is sufficiently high to minimize influence of the electrode insulation, but that it is located in a range in which it is still possible to measure well with analog components (e.g., capacitors, etc.).
  • measurements of impedance spectra can be made rapidly - i. several spectra per second - recorded.
  • Impedance spectra for example, the so-called
  • the volume fractions of the respective phases are then determined on the basis of the impedance spectra, in particular also fractions for sand and / or sludge in a, e.g. Oil-water mixture - for example, by means of PLS - derived.
  • a e.g. Oil-water mixture
  • PLS - derived e.g. Phase-water mixture
  • the arrangement is inexpensive and simply practical - e.g. in petroleum extraction and processing - can be used, e.g. Volume fraction of more than two phases i to determine a mixture.
  • the arrangement according to the invention and thus also the method according to the invention can be applied very simply - also on account of the selected frequency range - in a so-called multiphase flowmeter.
  • an output unit for outputting and displaying the impedance spectra and the determined volume fractions of the respective phase in the multiphase mixture.
  • the output unit can quickly and efficiently, the determined values - such as impedance profiles of the respective phases, impedance spectra, by volume, etc are issued, for example, as a numerical value or in the form of curves ⁇ gradients.
  • Figure 1 by way of example and schematically a flow of the inventive method for determining a composition of a multi-phase mixture and the associated
  • FIG. 2 shows, in an exemplary and schematic way, a structure for measuring / determining an impedance of the multiphase mixture with electrodes and measuring unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example and in a schematic way, the arrangement according to the invention and a sequence of the method according to the invention for determining a composition of a multiphase mixture MG which can be composed, for example, of a mixture of crude oil, water, sand and / or sludge.
  • a flow device DF such. a pipe or a pipe in an exemplary direction R flowed through.
  • Electrodes El, E2 attached to an outer wall of the flow device DF and thus electrically isolated from the multiphase mixture MG.
  • These electrodes El, E2 can be designed as so-called cross-sectional sensors.
  • the electrodes E1, E2 are designed as insulated electrodes E1, E2 and are located within-eg on an inner wall-the flow-through device DF.
  • a measurement of the impedance Zx takes place - as shown by way of example in FIG. 2 - for example according to the so-called IU method with the aid of a reference impedance Zref, which is e.g. can be designed as a capacity.
  • a reference impedance Zref which is e.g. can be designed as a capacity.
  • Capacitor can be used.
  • the voltage from the source VQ which is impressed on the multiphase mixture MG, causes on the one hand a voltage drop Vref at the reference impedance Zref and on the other hand a voltage drop VZx at the
  • the Impedance Zx of the multiphase mixture MG is then measured via the electrodes E1, E2.
  • the unknown impedance Zx of the multiphase mixture MG can then be determined, for example with the aid of the measuring unit ME.
  • the electrodes E1, E2 are-as shown schematically in FIG. 1-connected to a measuring unit ME, wherein the measuring unit ME has the structure shown schematically and exemplarily in FIG. 2 for determining the impedance Zx, in particular the source VQ for generating the changing electrical voltage with defined amplitude and adjustable frequency or the changing electric field and the reference impedance Zref may include.
  • a frequency dependent course of the impedance Zx of the multi-phase mixture MG which by capacitive measurement with the
  • Electrodes El, E2 has been determined, for example, in a frequency range of 10 kHz to 20 MHz determined.
  • impedance spectra - for example, by so-called dielectric impedance spectroscopy ⁇ - derived.
  • the measuring unit ME is connected to an evaluation unit AW, which can be designed, for example, as a PC or as a microcontroller, and data (eg impedance spectra, etc.) is generated between the measuring unit and the evaluation unit.
  • a fourth method step 4 the data supplied by the measuring unit ME, such as e.g. the impedance spectra to the measured impedance Zx of the multiphase mixture MG from the evaluation unit e.g. with the help of the Partial Least
  • Multi-phase mixture can be derived MG.
  • To the evaluation unit AW is still an output unit
  • volume fractions of the respective phases of the multi-phase mixture MG derived from different impedance spectra - e.g. in tabular form - are output, the evaluation with PLS shows that the volume fractions of the phases can be determined with an accuracy of about 5 to 10% and thus is relatively robust.
  • the inventive method and the arrangement are also against electrochemical reactions and consequent disturbances on the electrodes El, E2 by interaction with the multiphase mixture MG - due to the electrical insulation or electrically isolated attachment of the
  • Electrodes El, E2 - insensitive Electrodes El, E2 - insensitive.
  • Multiphase flowmeter can be applied.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé ainsi qu'un système pour déterminer une composition d'un mélange multiphase (MG), ce dernier (MG) présentant au moins trois phases, en particulier du pétrole brut, de l'eau, du sable et/ou de la boue. Le mélange multiphase (MG) est transporté ou évacué dans un dispositif de passage (DF), en particulier une canalisation, par exemple à partir d'un lieu d'extraction. Au moins deux électrodes (E1, E2) sont appliquées de manière électriquement isolées du mélange multiphase (MG) sur le dispositif de passage (DF) pour effectuer une mesure capacitive d'une impédance (Zx) du mélange multiphase (MG) et une tension électrique variable à amplitude définie est appliquée (1) par une source de tension (VQ) sur le mélange multiphase (MG), une fréquence de cette tension pouvant être ajustée. Une mesure capacitive de l'impédance (Zx) du mélange multiphase (MG) est alors effectuée (2) par l'intermédiaire des électrodes (E1, E2) à l'aide d'une impédance de référence (Zref). Une variation de l'impédance dépendant d'une fréquence est déterminée avec une unité de mesure (ME) et des spectres d'impédance sont dérivés (3) de la variation de l'impédance (Zx). Ensuite, des fractions volumiques de la phase concernée dans le mélange multiphase (MG) sont dérivées (4) au moyen d'une unité d'évaluation (AW) par une évaluation des spectres d'impédance par exemple par régression des moindres carrés partiels. Le procédé ainsi que le système associé présentent ainsi l'avantage d'empêcher des perturbations par des réactions électrochimiques entre électrodes (E1, E2) et mélange multiphase (MG) et donc de pouvoir utiliser la mesure de manière très robuste et polyvalente.
EP12721815.4A 2011-06-08 2012-05-14 Procédé à impédance et système pour déterminer la composition d'un mélange multiphase Withdrawn EP2718703A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011077202A DE102011077202A1 (de) 2011-06-08 2011-06-08 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Bestimmung einer Zusammensetzung eines Mehrphasengemischs
PCT/EP2012/058854 WO2012168032A1 (fr) 2011-06-08 2012-05-14 Procédé à impédance et système pour déterminer la composition d'un mélange multiphase

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2718703A1 true EP2718703A1 (fr) 2014-04-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12721815.4A Withdrawn EP2718703A1 (fr) 2011-06-08 2012-05-14 Procédé à impédance et système pour déterminer la composition d'un mélange multiphase

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20140116117A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2718703A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011077202A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012168032A1 (fr)

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US11016075B2 (en) * 2017-07-20 2021-05-25 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Methods and systems for characterization of geochemical properties of hydrocarbons using microwaves
DE102018108601A1 (de) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 saturn petcare gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Fremdkörpern in einem Substratstrom
CN109900747A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2019-06-18 西安苏普瑞斯检测科技有限公司 一种适用于液体介电常数探测的电容阵列采样装置
US11035841B2 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-06-15 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Monitoring the performance of protective fluids in downhole tools
DE102019210948A1 (de) * 2019-07-24 2020-08-13 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen der Zusammensetzung eines Fluids
US11359458B2 (en) 2020-06-23 2022-06-14 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Monitoring oil health in subsurface safety valves
CN114994170B (zh) * 2022-05-26 2023-01-03 浙江大学 一种利用超声波测量污泥含水率的***和方法
CN116124664B (zh) * 2023-04-17 2023-06-23 北矿机电科技有限责任公司 浮选泡沫测量设备及标定方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012168032A1 (fr) 2012-12-13
DE102011077202A1 (de) 2012-12-13
US20140116117A1 (en) 2014-05-01

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