EP2717000A1 - Method for operating a cooler - Google Patents
Method for operating a cooler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2717000A1 EP2717000A1 EP12187608.0A EP12187608A EP2717000A1 EP 2717000 A1 EP2717000 A1 EP 2717000A1 EP 12187608 A EP12187608 A EP 12187608A EP 2717000 A1 EP2717000 A1 EP 2717000A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- compressor
- operating point
- range
- allowable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001408627 Agriopis marginaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/17—Speeds
- F25B2700/171—Speeds of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a refrigerating machine, in particular a heat pump, which comprises a refrigerant circuit through which a refrigerant flows with a speed-regulated compressor.
- Chillers and methods for operating the same are basically known, wherein chillers generally produce a cooling effect on an evaporator and a heating effect on a condenser.
- heat pumps are used to convert heat stored in the soil, groundwater or air into thermal heat. Ideally, the thermal heat or heat energy generated thereby exceeds a necessary for operating the heat pump electrical energy by a multiple. Heat pumps thus provide a resource-saving option for heat supply.
- Further examples of refrigerators are refrigerators, freezers or chests or air conditioning systems.
- refrigerators In order to be able to react variably to different thermal performance requirements, refrigerators include variable speed compressors. A speed of the compressor is usually set such that a power requirement is met to the chiller. There is a risk that the compressor will be damaged by operating at too high or too low speeds.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for operating a chiller, by which a speed-related damage to the compressor is excluded or at least largely avoided.
- a thermal output desired by, for example, an operator is determined, depending on the application of cooling or heating power, a speed of the compressor to be set to achieve the power.
- a permissible speed range of the compressor is determined for the currently existing operating point of the chiller, which allows permanently damage-free operation of the compressor.
- the allowable speed range may be stored, for example, as a look-up table in a controller of the refrigerator.
- the speed required to achieve the requested power and the allowable speed range are compared with each other, and the speed of the compressor is controlled to be within the allowable speed range, that is, in any case. So if necessary compared to the required speed raised to the lower speed limit or lowered to the upper speed limit.
- the compressor is not operated at an inadmissibly high or low rotational speed, which contributes to a permanently reliable function of the compressor.
- the method according to the invention is carried out repeatedly during the operation of the chiller in order to be able to react in particular to changes in the operating point of the chiller or to a change in the desired thermal performance.
- the required speed is determined based on a mathematical model of the requested power.
- the mathematical model preferably maps the characteristics of the chiller to provide a calculation of the required speed of the chiller Allow compressor from a current state of the chiller and the requested performance.
- the mathematical model is based on a polynomial, in which parameters of the compressor, the refrigerant and the current operating point of the chiller flow.
- Coefficients of the polynomial may be derived, for example, from the refrigerant used or from the type of compressor. The coefficients may also be determined empirically.
- each operating point is defined at least by an evaporation temperature and a liquefaction temperature of the refrigerant.
- a permissible speed range can be defined and stored in the chiller.
- the speed of the compressor is controlled by a closed loop. This means that a current speed of the compressor and the requested power and the operating point of the chiller are constantly monitored and the speed of the compressor is continuously adjusted based on required speed and permissible speed range.
- the operation of the compressor is at a locked within the allowable speed range, locked
- the locked speed is a predetermined, for example manually entered, speed.
- a locked speed can be determined for example by simulation or empirically and then stored in a controller of the chiller.
- the locked speed in particular during operation of the refrigerator, automatically determined. For example, during operation, unexpectedly strong vibrations are detected, e.g. Through structure-borne noise measurement, the speed at which the vibrations occur during the operation of the chiller can be locked. The speed of the compressor is then correspondingly reduced or increased taking into account the desired power to bypass the locked speed.
- a predetermined and automatic blocking of speeds is possible both alternatively and in parallel.
- a tolerance period is provided for each operating point with an allowable speed of zero and the compressor at the operating point at the longest for the tolerance period operated at a speed not equal to zero.
- the compressor is thus at such operating points at which it should not actually be operated and for which therefore an allowable speed of zero is provided, not immediately stopped, but for the tolerance period (eg 10 seconds) continue to operate.
- the tolerance period eg 10 seconds
- a shift of the operating point can be done for example by a change in the position of the expansion valve.
- the provision of the tolerance period thus prevents unnecessary emergency shutdown of the compressor when an operating point with a permissible speed of zero is reached only briefly.
- the avoidance of such emergency shutdown affects not only on the life of the compressor, but also on the economics of the chiller positive.
- the invention also relates to a refrigerating machine, in particular a heat pump, which comprises a refrigerant circuit through which a refrigerant flows with a variable-speed compressor, wherein the refrigerating machine comprises a communication interface for inputting the desired thermal output of the refrigerating machine and a controller which is designed to be one of Provision of the requested power required to determine the speed of the compressor to determine for the respective operating point of the chiller an allowable speed range of the compressor with an upper and a lower speed limit and to control the speed of the compressor to the required speed when the required speed within the allowable speed range, to control to the lower speed limit when the required speed is below the allowable speed range and to control to the upper speed limit when the required speed is above the allowable speed range.
- a refrigerating machine in particular a heat pump, which comprises a refrigerant circuit through which a refrigerant flows with a variable-speed compressor
- the refrigerating machine comprises a communication interface for inputting the desired thermal output of the refrigerating
- Fig. 1 schematically a refrigeration machine according to the invention is shown, which is operated in the embodiment shown as a heat pump 1.
- the heat pump 1 comprises a refrigerant circuit 2, which is traversed by refrigerant in normal operation in a direction indicated by arrows.
- the heat pump 1 For compressing gaseous refrigerant, which is also called suction gas, the heat pump 1 comprises a compressor 3, which compresses and pumps the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 3 is supplied to a condenser 4, which liquefies the refrigerant, thereby giving heat energy to its environment. From the condenser 4 exits liquid refrigerant, which is supplied to an expansion valve 5.
- the refrigerant is expanded to be subsequently vaporized in an evaporator 6 while removing the environment of the evaporator 6 heat.
- the vaporized by the evaporator 6 refrigerant is then fed back to the compressor 3 and compressed again.
- the compressor 3 is speed-controlled and is controlled by a controller 7, which is connected to a communication interface 8.
- the controller 7 During operation of the heat pump 1, the controller 7 is transmitted via the communication interface 8 a desired thermal power, in the present embodiment, a desired heat output. From the desired thermal power, the controller 7 calculates, by means of a mathematical model, a speed with which the compressor 3 must be operated in order to provide the desired thermal power, here called speed of the compressor 3.
- the controller 7 also checks on the basis of the currently existing evaporating and condensing temperature of the refrigerant, which speed range is permissible for the compressor 3. For this purpose, 7 permissible speeds for different operating points are stored in the controller, which are defined in each case by an evaporation and condensing temperature of the refrigerant.
- Fig. 2 a diagram is shown, which shows a stored in the controller 7 relationship between operating points of the heat pump 1 and permissible speeds of the compressor 3.
- a first region 10 which is represented by a border with a solid line
- rotational speeds of the compressor 3 of 2700 to 7000 revolutions per minute are permitted. If the heat pump 1 is operated such that the evaporation temperature is -15 ° C. and the liquefaction temperature is + 25 ° C., then a corresponding first operating point 12 lies in the first region 10. It follows that the compressor 3 is at the first operating point 12 may be operated with a minimum of 2700 revolutions per minute and a maximum of 7000 revolutions per minute.
- controller 7 controls the speed of the compressor 3 to avoid damaging it to those in the diagram of FIG Fig. 2 stored permissible maximum value of 7000 revolutions per minute.
- the second operating point 14 is located in a second region 16, which is delimited by a dashed line.
- the minimum permissible speed of the compressor is 2700 revolutions per minute and the maximum permissible speed 6000 revolutions per minute. The speed is thus regulated to 6000 revolutions per minute, if the required speed should be greater.
- a third operating point 18 is defined by an evaporation temperature of 20 ° C and a liquefaction temperature of 40 ° C and is thus in a third area 20, which is delimited by a dotted border and in which the minimum allowable speed of the compressor is 2700 revolutions per minute and the maximum permissible speed 4500 revolutions per minute. If the heat pump 1 is operated at the third operating point 18 and the required rotational speed is greater than 4500 revolutions per minute, then the controller 7 controls the compressor 3 such that the rotational speed of the compressor 3 does not exceed 4500 revolutions per minute.
- the rotational speed of the compressor 3 is adjusted by the control 7 to that for all three regions 10, 16, 20 permissible lower speed limit of 2700 revolutions per minute regulated.
- the compressor 3 is operated at the required speed when the required speed is at the appropriate operating point within the respective permissible speed range.
- the allowable speed of the compressor 3 is zero, i. here the compressor 3 must not be operated. If the heat pump 1 is operated, for example, at a fourth operating point 22 at an evaporation temperature of 35 ° C. and a liquefaction temperature of 85 ° C., the controller 7 shuts off the compressor 3 in order to avoid damaging it.
- tolerance time periods are also stored in the controller 7. These indicate how long the compressor 3 may be operated at operating points for which a permissible speed of zero is defined.
- the tolerance periods stored in the controller 7 are in Fig. 3 shown.
- ranges of operating points are plotted for which tolerance periods are provided.
- a permitted area 24 is shown, which the first, second and third areas 10, 16, 20 of Fig. 2 taken together. Outside the permitted range 24, a first tolerance range 26 is delimited by a dashed line, in which the compressor 3 may be operated for a maximum of 10 seconds.
- the controller 7 determines that the heat pump 1 is operated at a fifth operating point 28 at an evaporation temperature of 0 ° C. and a liquefaction temperature of 70 ° C., the controller 7 attempts to shift the operating point into the permitted range 24 within 10 seconds , A shift of the operating point is possible for example by a change in the opening of the expansion valve 5, which is adjusted by the controller 7 accordingly. If the operating point is longer than 10 seconds in the first tolerance range 26, then the controller 7 shuts off the compressor 3.
- the heat pump 1 is operated in a second tolerance range 30, for example at a sixth operating point 32 at an evaporation temperature of -10 ° C. and a liquefaction temperature of + 10 ° C., the operating point must be shifted into the permitted range 24 within 30 minutes during normal operation become.
- the controller 7 switches off the compressor 3.
- the heat pump 1 may be operated over the entire service life of a maximum of 2000 hours in the third tolerance range 34.
- the controller 7 records the time during which the heat pump 1 has already been operated in the third tolerance range 34.
- a range of operating points is stored in the controller 7, in which a maximum operating pressure of the heat pump 1 is exceeded.
- a boundary 36 of such a region is in Fig. 3 represented by a line with cross markings. If the heat pump 1 is operated at an operating point whose evaporation temperature and / or condensing temperature is higher than at an operating point lying on the boundary 36, an opening of the expansion valve 5 is reduced by the controller 7. In this way, the operating pressure in the circuit 2 of the heat pump 1 can be lowered.
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kältemaschine, insbesondere einer Wärmepumpe, welche einen vom Kältemittel durchströmten Kältekreislauf mit einem drehzahlgeregelten Verdichter umfasst.The present invention relates to a method for operating a refrigerating machine, in particular a heat pump, which comprises a refrigerant circuit through which a refrigerant flows with a speed-regulated compressor.
Kältemaschinen sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben sind grundsätzlich bekannt, wobei Kältemaschinen generell an einem Verdampfer eine Kühlwirkung und an einem Verflüssiger eine Heizwirkung erzeugen. So werden zum Beispiel Wärmepumpen dazu verwendet, Wärme, die im Erdreich, im Grundwasser oder in der Luft gespeichert ist, in Heizwärme umzuwandeln. Idealerweise übersteigt die dabei erzeugte Heizwärme bzw. Heizenergie eine zum Betrieb der Wärmepumpe notwendige elektrische Energie um ein Mehrfaches. Wärmepumpen stellen somit eine Ressourcen schonende Möglichkeit zur Wärmeversorgung dar. Weitere Beispiele für Kältemaschinen sind Kühlschränke, Gefrierschränke oder -truhen oder Klimaanlagen.Chillers and methods for operating the same are basically known, wherein chillers generally produce a cooling effect on an evaporator and a heating effect on a condenser. For example, heat pumps are used to convert heat stored in the soil, groundwater or air into thermal heat. Ideally, the thermal heat or heat energy generated thereby exceeds a necessary for operating the heat pump electrical energy by a multiple. Heat pumps thus provide a resource-saving option for heat supply. Further examples of refrigerators are refrigerators, freezers or chests or air conditioning systems.
Um variabel auf verschiedene thermische Leistungsanforderungen reagieren zu können, umfassen Kältemaschinen drehzahlgeregelte Verdichter. Eine Drehzahl des Verdichters wird dabei üblicherweise derart eingestellt, dass eine Leistungsanforderung an die Kältemaschine erfüllt wird. Dabei besteht die Gefahr, dass der Verdichter durch einen Betrieb bei zu hohen oder zu niedrigen Drehzahlen beschädigt wird.In order to be able to react variably to different thermal performance requirements, refrigerators include variable speed compressors. A speed of the compressor is usually set such that a power requirement is met to the chiller. There is a risk that the compressor will be damaged by operating at too high or too low speeds.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kältemaschine anzugeben, durch welches eine drehzahlbedingte Beschädigung des Verdichters ausgeschlossen oder zumindest weitgehend vermieden wird.The invention has for its object to provide a method for operating a chiller, by which a speed-related damage to the compressor is excluded or at least largely avoided.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The solution of this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht vor, dass
- eine gewünschte thermische Leistung der Kältemaschine angefordert wird,
- eine zur Bereitstellung der angeforderten Leistung benötigte Drehzahl des Verdichters ermittelt wird,
- für den jeweils vorliegenden Arbeitspunkt der Kältemaschine ein zulässiger Drehzahlbereich des Verdichters mit einer oberen und einer unteren Drehzahlgrenze ermittelt wird und
- die Drehzahl des Verdichters auf die benötigte Drehzahl geregelt wird, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl innerhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, auf die untere Drehzahlgrenze geregelt wird, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl unterhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, und auf die obere Drehzahlgrenze geregelt wird, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl oberhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt.
- a desired thermal power of the chiller is requested
- determining a speed of the compressor required to provide the requested power,
- for the respective operating point of the chiller an allowable speed range of the compressor is determined with an upper and a lower speed limit, and
- the speed of the compressor is controlled to the required speed when the required speed is within the allowable speed range, is controlled to the lower speed limit when the required speed is below the allowable speed range, and is controlled to the upper speed limit when the required speed is above the permissible speed range.
Mit anderen Worten wird also zunächst aus der von z.B. einem Bediener gewünschten thermischen Leistung, je nach Anwendung Kühl- oder Heizleistung, eine zur Erreichung der Leistung einzustellende Drehzahl des Verdichters ermittelt.In other words, first of all, a thermal output desired by, for example, an operator is determined, depending on the application of cooling or heating power, a speed of the compressor to be set to achieve the power.
Außerdem wird für den momentan vorliegenden Arbeitspunkt der Kältemaschine ein zulässiger Drehzahlbereich des Verdichters ermittelt, der einen dauerhaft beschädigungsfreien Betrieb des Verdichters ermöglicht. Der zulässige Drehzahlbereich kann beispielsweise als Nachschlagetabelle in einer Steuerung der Kältemaschine gespeichert sein.In addition, a permissible speed range of the compressor is determined for the currently existing operating point of the chiller, which allows permanently damage-free operation of the compressor. The allowable speed range may be stored, for example, as a look-up table in a controller of the refrigerator.
Anschließend werden die zur Erreichung der angeforderten Leistung benötigte Drehzahl und der zulässige Drehzahlbereich miteinander verglichen und die Drehzahl des Verdichters so geregelt, dass sie jedenfalls innerhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, d.h. also gegenüber der benötigten Drehzahl gegebenenfalls bis auf die untere Drehzahlgrenze angehoben oder bis auf die obere Drehzahlgrenze abgesenkt.Subsequently, the speed required to achieve the requested power and the allowable speed range are compared with each other, and the speed of the compressor is controlled to be within the allowable speed range, that is, in any case. So if necessary compared to the required speed raised to the lower speed limit or lowered to the upper speed limit.
Erfindungsgemäß wird also sichergestellt, dass der Verdichter nicht mit einer unzulässig hohen oder niedrigen Drehzahl betrieben wird, was zu einer dauerhaft zuverlässigen Funktion des Verdichters beiträgt.According to the invention, it is thus ensured that the compressor is not operated at an inadmissibly high or low rotational speed, which contributes to a permanently reliable function of the compressor.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird dabei während des Betriebs der Kältemaschine wiederholt ausgeführt, um insbesondere auf Änderungen des Arbeitspunkts der Kältemaschine oder auf eine Änderung der gewünschten thermischen Leistung reagieren zu können.The method according to the invention is carried out repeatedly during the operation of the chiller in order to be able to react in particular to changes in the operating point of the chiller or to a change in the desired thermal performance.
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the subclaims, the description and the drawings.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird die benötigte Drehzahl auf der Grundlage eines mathematischen Modells aus der angeforderten Leistung ermittelt. Das mathematische Modell bildet bevorzugt die Eigenschaften der Kältemaschine ab, um eine Berechnung der benötigten Drehzahl des Verdichters aus einem momentanen Zustand der Kältemaschine und der angeforderten Leistung zu ermöglichen.In one embodiment, the required speed is determined based on a mathematical model of the requested power. The mathematical model preferably maps the characteristics of the chiller to provide a calculation of the required speed of the chiller Allow compressor from a current state of the chiller and the requested performance.
Vorteilhafterweise basiert das mathematische Modell auf einem Polynom, in welches Parameter des Verdichters, des Kältemittels und des momentanen Arbeitspunktes der Kältemaschine einfließen. Koeffizienten des Polynoms können beispielsweise aus dem verwendeten Kältemittel oder aus dem Typ des Verdichters abgeleitet sein. Die Koeffizienten können ferner empirisch ermittelt sein.Advantageously, the mathematical model is based on a polynomial, in which parameters of the compressor, the refrigerant and the current operating point of the chiller flow. Coefficients of the polynomial may be derived, for example, from the refrigerant used or from the type of compressor. The coefficients may also be determined empirically.
Zusätzlich können weitere Parameter in das mathematische Modell einfließen, beispielsweise eine Unterkühlung des in einem Verflüssiger der Kältemaschine verflüssigten Kältemittels, eine Druckgastemperatur und/oder eine Sauggastemperatur.In addition, further parameters can be incorporated into the mathematical model, for example a subcooling of the refrigerant liquefied in a condenser of the refrigerating machine, a compressed gas temperature and / or a suction gas temperature.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist jeder Arbeitspunkt zumindest durch eine Verdampfungstemperatur und eine Verflüssigungstemperatur des Kältemittels definiert. Für jede mögliche Kombination aus Verdampfungstemperatur und Verflüssigungstemperatur kann ein zulässiger Drehzahlbereich definiert und in der Kältemaschine hinterlegt sein.According to a further embodiment, each operating point is defined at least by an evaporation temperature and a liquefaction temperature of the refrigerant. For each possible combination of evaporating temperature and condensing temperature, a permissible speed range can be defined and stored in the chiller.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Drehzahl des Verdichters durch einen geschlossenen Regelkreis geregelt. Dies bedeutet, dass eine momentane Drehzahl des Verdichters sowie die angeforderte Leistung und der vorliegende Arbeitspunkt der Kältemaschine ständig überwacht werden und die Drehzahl des Verdichters kontinuierlich auf der Grundlage von benötigter Drehzahl und zulässigem Drehzahlbereich nachgeregelt wird.Advantageously, the speed of the compressor is controlled by a closed loop. This means that a current speed of the compressor and the requested power and the operating point of the chiller are constantly monitored and the speed of the compressor is continuously adjusted based on required speed and permissible speed range.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird der Betrieb des Verdichters bei einer innerhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegenden, gesperrtenAccording to a further embodiment, the operation of the compressor is at a locked within the allowable speed range, locked
Drehzahl unterbunden. Aufgrund der mechanischen Eigenschaften des Verdichters und möglicherweise angrenzender Komponenten der Kältemaschine können bei einer bestimmten Drehzahl Resonanzschwingungen auftreten, die eine Beschädigung des Verdichters und/oder eventuell angrenzender Komponenten der Kältemaschine bewirken können. Um derartige schädliche Resonanzschwingungen zu vermeiden, wird daher eine solche Drehzahl gesperrt, d.h. für unzulässig erklärt und somit im Betrieb ausgespart, bei welcher Resonanzen erfahrungsgemäß mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit auftreten.Speed suppressed. Due to the mechanical properties of the compressor and possibly adjacent refrigerating machine components, resonant vibrations may occur at a certain speed, which may cause damage to the compressor and / or any adjoining components of the refrigerating machine. In order to avoid such harmful resonant vibrations, therefore, such a speed is blocked, i. declared inadmissible and thus omitted in operation, which resonances experience shows that occur with high probability.
Bevorzugt ist die gesperrte Drehzahl eine vorbestimmte, zum Beispiel manuell eingegebene, Drehzahl. Eine gesperrte Drehzahl kann beispielsweise durch Simulation oder empirisch ermittelt werden und anschließend in einer Steuerung der Kältemaschine gespeichert werden.Preferably, the locked speed is a predetermined, for example manually entered, speed. A locked speed can be determined for example by simulation or empirically and then stored in a controller of the chiller.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die gesperrte Drehzahl, insbesondere während des Betriebs der Kältemaschine, automatisch ermittelt. Werden während des Betriebs beispielsweise unerwartet starke Schwingungen detektiert, z.B. durch Körperschallmessung, kann die Drehzahl, bei der die Schwingungen auftreten, während des Betriebs der Kältemaschine gesperrt werden. Die Drehzahl des Verdichters wird dann unter Berücksichtigung der gewünschten Leistung entsprechend verringert oder erhöht, um die gesperrte Drehzahl zu umgehen.Advantageously, the locked speed, in particular during operation of the refrigerator, automatically determined. For example, during operation, unexpectedly strong vibrations are detected, e.g. Through structure-borne noise measurement, the speed at which the vibrations occur during the operation of the chiller can be locked. The speed of the compressor is then correspondingly reduced or increased taking into account the desired power to bypass the locked speed.
Eine vorbestimmte und automatische Sperrung von Drehzahlen ist dabei sowohl alternativ als auch parallel möglich.A predetermined and automatic blocking of speeds is possible both alternatively and in parallel.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird eine Toleranzzeitdauer für jeden Arbeitspunkt mit einer zulässigen Drehzahl von Null vorgesehen und der Verdichter bei dem Arbeitspunkt längstens für die Toleranzzeitdauer mit einer Drehzahl von ungleich Null betrieben. Der Verdichter wird also an solchen Arbeitspunkten, an welchen dieser eigentlich nicht betrieben werden sollte und für welche deshalb eine zulässige Drehzahl von Null vorgesehen ist, nicht sofort gestoppt, sondern für die Toleranzzeitdauer (z.B. 10 Sekunden) weiter betrieben. Innerhalb der Toleranzzeitdauer kann versucht werden, den Arbeitspunkt derart zu verschieben, dass der Verdichter in einem zulässigen Drehzahlbereich betrieben werden kann. Eine Verschiebung des Arbeitspunktes kann beispielsweise durch eine veränderte Stellung des Expansionsventils erfolgen.According to another embodiment, a tolerance period is provided for each operating point with an allowable speed of zero and the compressor at the operating point at the longest for the tolerance period operated at a speed not equal to zero. The compressor is thus at such operating points at which it should not actually be operated and for which therefore an allowable speed of zero is provided, not immediately stopped, but for the tolerance period (eg 10 seconds) continue to operate. Within the tolerance period, it may be attempted to shift the operating point in such a way that the compressor can be operated within a permissible speed range. A shift of the operating point can be done for example by a change in the position of the expansion valve.
Das Vorsehen der Toleranzzeitdauer verhindert somit unnötige Notabschaltungen des Verdichters, wenn ein Arbeitspunkt mit einer zulässigen Drehzahl von Null lediglich kurzzeitig erreicht wird. Die Vermeidung derartiger Notabschaltungen wirkt sich nicht nur auf die Lebensdauer des Verdichters, sondern auch auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Kältemaschine positiv aus.The provision of the tolerance period thus prevents unnecessary emergency shutdown of the compressor when an operating point with a permissible speed of zero is reached only briefly. The avoidance of such emergency shutdown affects not only on the life of the compressor, but also on the economics of the chiller positive.
Weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Kältemaschine, insbesondere Wärmepumpe, welche einen von Kältemittel durchströmten Kältekreislauf mit einem drehzahlgeregelten Verdichter umfasst, wobei die Kältemaschine eine Kommunikationsschnittstelle zur Eingabe der Anforderung einer gewünschten thermischen Leistung der Kältemaschine und eine Steuerung umfasst, welche ausgestaltet ist, um eine zur Bereitstellung der angeforderten Leistung benötigte Drehzahl des Verdichters zu ermitteln, um für den jeweils vorliegenden Arbeitspunkt der Kältemaschine einen zulässigen Drehzahlbereich des Verdichters mit einer oberen und einer unteren Drehzahlgrenze zu ermitteln und um die Drehzahl des Verdichters auf die benötigte Drehzahl zu regeln, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl innerhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, auf die untere Drehzahlgrenze zu regeln, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl unterhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, und auf die obere Drehzahlgrenze zu regeln, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl oberhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt.The invention also relates to a refrigerating machine, in particular a heat pump, which comprises a refrigerant circuit through which a refrigerant flows with a variable-speed compressor, wherein the refrigerating machine comprises a communication interface for inputting the desired thermal output of the refrigerating machine and a controller which is designed to be one of Provision of the requested power required to determine the speed of the compressor to determine for the respective operating point of the chiller an allowable speed range of the compressor with an upper and a lower speed limit and to control the speed of the compressor to the required speed when the required speed within the allowable speed range, to control to the lower speed limit when the required speed is below the allowable speed range and to control to the upper speed limit when the required speed is above the allowable speed range.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung rein beispielhaft anhand einer möglichen Ausführungsform unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Kältemaschine;
- Fig. 2
- einen Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitspunkt und maximal zulässiger Drehzahl;
- Fig. 3
- Bereiche von Arbeitspunkten mit einer vorbestimmten Toleranzzeitdauer.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of a refrigerator according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a relationship between operating point and maximum permissible speed;
- Fig. 3
- Areas of operating points with a predetermined tolerance period.
In
Der Verdichter 3 ist drehzahlgeregelt und wird durch eine Steuerung 7 gesteuert, welche mit einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle 8 verbunden ist.The
Während des Betriebs der Wärmepumpe 1 wird der Steuerung 7 über die Kommunikationsschnittstelle 8 eine gewünschte thermische Leistung übermittelt, im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel eine gewünschte Heizleistung. Aus der gewünschten thermischen Leistung berechnet die Steuerung 7 mittels eines mathematischen Modells eine Drehzahl, mit welcher der Verdichter 3 betrieben werden muss, um die gewünschte thermische Leistung bereitzustellen, hier benötigte Drehzahl des Verdichters 3 genannt.During operation of the heat pump 1, the controller 7 is transmitted via the communication interface 8 a desired thermal power, in the present embodiment, a desired heat output. From the desired thermal power, the controller 7 calculates, by means of a mathematical model, a speed with which the
Um eine Beschädigung des Verdichters 3 zu vermeiden, überprüft die Steuerung 7 außerdem anhand der momentan vorliegenden Verdampfungs- und Verflüssigungstemperatur des Kältemittels, welcher Drehzahlbereich für den Verdichter 3 zulässig ist. Dazu sind in der Steuerung 7 zulässige Drehzahlen für verschiedene Arbeitspunkte gespeichert, welche jeweils durch eine Verdampfungs- und Verflüssigungstemperatur des Kältemittels definiert sind.In order to avoid damage to the
In
In dem Diagramm von
In einem ersten Bereich 10, der durch eine Umrandung mit durchgezogenem Strich dargestellt ist, sind Drehzahlen des Verdichters 3 von 2700 bis 7000 Umdrehungen pro Minute zulässig. Wird die Wärmepumpe 1 so betrieben, dass die Verdampfungstemperatur bei -15°C und die Verflüssigungstemperatur bei +25°C liegt, so liegt ein entsprechender erster Arbeitspunkt 12 in dem ersten Bereich 10. Daraus ergibt sich, dass der Verdichter 3 an dem ersten Arbeitspunkt 12 mit minimal 2700 Umdrehungen pro Minute und maximal 7000 Umdrehungen pro Minute betrieben werden darf.In a
Wird zur Erreichung der gewünschten thermischen Leistung tatsächlich eine Drehzahl von beispielsweise 8000 Umdrehungen pro Minute benötigt, so regelt die Steuerung 7 die Drehzahl des Verdichters 3 zur Vermeidung einer Beschädigung desselben auf den in dem Diagramm von
Liegt ein zweiter Arbeitspunkt 14 mit einer Verdampfungstemperatur von 5°C und einer Verflüssigungstemperatur von 45°C vor, so befindet sich der zweite Arbeitspunkt 14 in einem zweiten Bereich 16, welcher durch eine gestrichelte Linie begrenzt wird. In dem zweiten Bereich 16 beträgt die minimal zulässige Drehzahl des Verdichters 2700 Umdrehungen pro Minute und die maximal zulässige Drehzahl 6000 Umdrehungen pro Minute. Die Drehzahl wird folglich auf 6000 Umdrehungen pro Minute geregelt, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl größer sein sollte.If there is a second operating point 14 with an evaporation temperature of 5 ° C. and a liquefaction temperature of 45 ° C., the second operating point 14 is located in a
Ein dritter Arbeitspunkt 18 wird durch eine Verdampfungstemperatur von 20°C und eine Verflüssigungstemperatur von 40°C definiert und liegt somit in einem dritten Bereich 20, welcher durch eine gepunktete Umrandung abgegrenzt wird und in welchem die minimal zulässige Drehzahl des Verdichters 2700 Umdrehungen pro Minute und die maximal zulässige Drehzahl 4500 Umdrehungen pro Minute beträgt. Wird die Wärmepumpe 1 an dem dritten Arbeitspunkt 18 betrieben und ist die benötigte Drehzahl größer als 4500 Umdrehungen pro Minute, so regelt die Steuerung 7 den Verdichter 3 derart, dass die Drehzahl des Verdichters 3 4500 Umdrehungen pro Minute nicht überschreitet.A
Sollte die benötigte Drehzahl hingegen kleiner als 2700 Umdrehungen pro Minute sein und der momentane Arbeitspunkt in einem der drei dargestellten Bereiche 10, 16, 20 liegen, so wird die Drehzahl des Verdichters 3 durch die Steuerung 7 auf die für alle drei Bereiche 10, 16, 20 zulässige untere Drehzahlgrenze von 2700 Umdrehungen pro Minute geregelt.If, on the other hand, the required rotational speed is less than 2700 revolutions per minute and the instantaneous operating point lies in one of the three illustrated
Dagegen wird der Verdichter 3 mit der benötigten Drehzahl betrieben, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl am entsprechenden Arbeitspunkt innerhalb des jeweils zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt.In contrast, the
Für Arbeitspunkte außerhalb des ersten, zweiten oder dritten Bereichs 10, 16, 20 ist die zulässige Drehzahl des Verdichters 3 Null, d.h. hier darf der Verdichter 3 nicht betrieben werden. Wird die Wärmepumpe 1 beispielsweise an einem vierten Arbeitspunkt 22 bei einer Verdampfungstemperatur von 35°C und einer Verflüssigungstemperatur von 85°C betrieben, schaltet die Steuerung 7 den Verdichter 3 ab, um eine Beschädigung desselben zu vermeiden.For operating points outside the first, second or
Um einen möglichst unterbrechungsfreien Betrieb der Wärmepumpe 1 zu ermöglichen sind in der Steuerung 7 zudem Toleranzzeitdauern gespeichert. Diese geben an, wie lange der Verdichter 3 an Arbeitspunkten betrieben werden darf, für die eine zulässige Drehzahl von Null definiert ist.In order to enable interruption-free operation of the heat pump 1, tolerance time periods are also stored in the controller 7. These indicate how long the
Die in der Steuerung 7 gespeicherten Toleranzzeitdauern sind in
Stellt die Steuerung 7 also fest, dass die Wärmepumpe 1 an einem fünften Arbeitspunkt 28 bei einer Verdampfungstemperatur von 0°C und einer Verflüssigungstemperatur von 70°C betrieben wird, versucht die Steuerung 7 den Arbeitspunkt innerhalb von 10 Sekunden in den erlaubten Bereich 24 zu verschieben. Eine Verschiebung des Arbeitspunkts ist beispielsweise durch eine Veränderung der Öffnung des Expansionsventils 5 möglich, welche durch die Steuerung 7 entsprechend eingestellt wird. Liegt der Arbeitspunkt länger als 10 Sekunden in dem ersten Toleranzbereich 26, so schaltet die Steuerung 7 den Verdichter 3 ab.If the controller 7 thus determines that the heat pump 1 is operated at a
Wird die Wärmepumpe 1 in einem zweiten Toleranzbereich 30 betrieben, beispielsweise an einem sechsten Arbeitspunkt 32 bei einer Verdampfungstemperatur von -10°C und einer Verflüssigungstemperatur von +10°C, muss der Arbeitspunkt im regulären Betrieb innerhalb von 30 Minuten in den erlaubten Bereich 24 verlagert werden.If the heat pump 1 is operated in a
Arbeitet die Wärmepumpe 1 bei Betriebsbeginn in dem zweiten Toleranzbereich 30, muss der momentane Arbeitspunkt der Wärmepumpe 1 innerhalb von einer Minute in den erlaubten Bereich 24 verlagert werden. Andernfalls schaltet die Steuerung 7 den Verdichter 3 ab.If the heat pump 1 operates at the start of operation in the
Liegt ein Arbeitspunkt in einem dritten Toleranzbereich 34, so darf die Wärmepumpe 1 über ihre gesamte Lebensdauer maximal 2000 Stunden in dem dritten Toleranzbereich 34 betrieben werden. Zur Einhaltung dieser Bedingung protokolliert die Steuerung 7 die Zeitdauer, während der die Wärmepumpe 1 bereits in dem dritten Toleranzbereich 34 betrieben wurde.If an operating point lies in a third tolerance range 34, the heat pump 1 may be operated over the entire service life of a maximum of 2000 hours in the third tolerance range 34. To comply with this condition, the controller 7 records the time during which the heat pump 1 has already been operated in the third tolerance range 34.
Durch die Toleranzzeitdauern wird für den Fall, dass ein Arbeitspunkt nur geringfügig außerhalb des erlaubten Bereichs 24 liegt, die Möglichkeit geschaffen, durch einen Eingriff der Steuerung 7 innerhalb der Toleranzzeitdauer den erlaubten Bereich 24 zu erreichen. Wird der erlaubte Bereich 24 innerhalb der Toleranzzeitdauer erreicht, kann ein Abschalten des Verdichters unterbleiben.By means of the tolerance periods, in the event that an operating point lies only slightly outside the permitted range 24, it is possible to reach the permitted range 24 by intervention of the controller 7 within the tolerance period. If the permitted range 24 is reached within the tolerance period, a shutdown of the compressor can be omitted.
Weiterhin ist in der Steuerung 7 ein Bereich von Arbeitspunkten gespeichert, in welchem ein maximaler Betriebsdruck der Wärmepumpe 1 überschritten ist. Eine Grenze 36 eines solchen Bereichs ist in
- 11
- Wärmepumpeheat pump
- 22
- Kreislaufcirculation
- 33
- Verdichtercompressor
- 44
- Verflüssigercondenser
- 55
- Expansionsventilexpansion valve
- 66
- VerdampferEvaporator
- 77
- Steuerungcontrol
- 88th
- KommunikationsschnittstelleCommunication Interface
- 1010
- erster Bereichfirst area
- 1212
- erster Arbeitspunktfirst working point
- 1414
- zweiter Arbeitspunktsecond operating point
- 1616
- zweiter Bereichsecond area
- 1818
- dritter Arbeitspunktthird working point
- 2020
- dritter Bereichthird area
- 2222
- vierter Arbeitspunktfourth operating point
- 2424
- erlaubter Bereichallowed area
- 2626
- erster Toleranzbereichfirst tolerance range
- 2828
- fünfter Arbeitspunktfifth working point
- 3030
- zweiter Toleranzbereichsecond tolerance range
- 3232
- sechster Arbeitspunktsixth working point
- 3434
- dritter Toleranzbereichthird tolerance range
- 3636
- Grenzeborder
Claims (10)
eine gewünschte thermische Leistung der Kältemaschine angefordert wird,
eine zur Bereitstellung der angeforderten Leistung benötigte Drehzahl des Verdichters (3) ermittelt wird,
für den jeweils vorliegenden Arbeitspunkt (12, 14, 18, 22, 28, 32) der Kältemaschine ein zulässiger Drehzahlbereich des Verdichters (3) mit einer oberen und einer unteren Drehzahlgrenze ermittelt wird und
die Drehzahl des Verdichters (3) auf die benötigte Drehzahl geregelt wird, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl innerhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, auf die untere Drehzahlgrenze geregelt wird, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl unterhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, und auf die obere Drehzahlgrenze geregelt wird, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl oberhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt.Method for operating a refrigerating machine, in particular a heat pump (1), which comprises a refrigerant circuit (2) through which a refrigerant flows with a speed-regulated compressor (3), characterized in that
a desired thermal power of the chiller is requested
a speed of the compressor (3) required to provide the requested power is determined,
for the respective operating point (12, 14, 18, 22, 28, 32) of the chiller an allowable speed range of the compressor (3) is determined with an upper and a lower speed limit and
the speed of the compressor (3) is controlled to the required speed when the required speed is within the allowable speed range, is controlled to the lower speed limit when the required speed is below the allowable speed range, and is controlled to the upper speed limit, if the required speed is above the allowable speed range.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die benötigte Drehzahl auf der Grundlage eines mathematischen Modells aus der angeforderten Leistung ermittelt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the required speed is determined based on a mathematical model of the requested power.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mathematische Modell auf einem Polynom basiert, in welches Parameter des Verdichters (3), des Kältemittels und des momentanen Arbeitspunktes (12, 14, 18, 22, 28, 32) einfließen.Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the mathematical model is based on a polynomial, in which parameters of the compressor (3), the refrigerant and the current operating point (12, 14, 18, 22, 28, 32) are incorporated.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gesperrte Drehzahl eine vorbestimmte, z.B. manuell eingegebene, Drehzahl ist.Method according to claim 6,
characterized in that the locked speed is a predetermined, eg manually entered, speed.
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass die gesperrte Drehzahl, insbesondere während des Betriebs der Kältemaschine (1), automatisch ermittelt wird.Method according to claim 6 or 7,
characterized in that the locked speed, in particular during operation of the chiller (1), is automatically determined.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kältemaschine eine Kommunikationsschnittstelle (8) zur Eingabe der Anforderung einer gewünschten thermischen Leistung der Kältemaschine und eine Steuerung (7) umfasst, welche ausgestaltet ist, um eine zur Bereitstellung der angeforderten Leistung benötigte Drehzahl des Verdichters (3) zu ermitteln, um für den jeweils vorliegenden Arbeitspunkt (12, 14, 18, 22, 28, 32) der Kältemaschine einen zulässigen Drehzahlbereich des Verdichters (3) mit einer oberen und einer unteren Drehzahlgrenze zu ermitteln und um die Drehzahl des Verdichters (3) auf die benötigte Drehzahl zu regeln, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl innerhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, auf die untere Drehzahlgrenze zu regeln, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl unterhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt, und auf die obere Drehzahlgrenze zu regeln, wenn die benötigte Drehzahl oberhalb des zulässigen Drehzahlbereichs liegt.Refrigerating machine, in particular heat pump (1), which comprises a refrigeration circuit (2) through which refrigerant flows with a speed-controlled compressor (3),
characterized in that the chiller comprises a communication interface (8) for inputting the desired thermal power request of the chiller and a controller (7) configured to determine a speed of the compressor (3) required to provide the requested power, in order to determine an admissible rotational speed range of the compressor (3) with an upper and a lower rotational speed limit for the particular operating point (12, 14, 18, 22, 28, 32) of the refrigerating machine and the speed of the compressor (3) to the required To control the speed when the required speed is within the allowable speed range, to control the lower speed limit when the required speed is below the allowable speed range, and to control the upper speed limit when the required speed is above the allowable speed range.
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WO2022199845A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag | Refrigerator with a variable speed compressor and a method for controlling the compressor speed |
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