EP2709894A1 - System for dynamic measurement of the wheel load of a train - Google Patents

System for dynamic measurement of the wheel load of a train

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Publication number
EP2709894A1
EP2709894A1 EP12722547.2A EP12722547A EP2709894A1 EP 2709894 A1 EP2709894 A1 EP 2709894A1 EP 12722547 A EP12722547 A EP 12722547A EP 2709894 A1 EP2709894 A1 EP 2709894A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
splint
rail
splice
train
force sensors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12722547.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2709894B1 (en
EP2709894B8 (en
Inventor
Philippe POULIGNY
Emmanuel LAURANS
Jean-Michel PISSOT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SNCF Reseau
Original Assignee
SNCF Mobilites
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNCF Mobilites filed Critical SNCF Mobilites
Publication of EP2709894A1 publication Critical patent/EP2709894A1/en
Publication of EP2709894B1 publication Critical patent/EP2709894B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2709894B8 publication Critical patent/EP2709894B8/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way

Definitions

  • the present patent application relates to a system for dynamically measuring the wheel load of a train.
  • This information can indeed be used for different purposes.
  • this information can be used to calculate the amounts of the tolls determined according to the tonnage transported, to classify the lines according to the actual tonnage circulated, to determine the aggressiveness of new rolling stock, to determine the cumulative tonnage. circulated after works, etc.
  • the present invention is thus particularly intended to provide means for dynamically measuring the load of the wheels of a train which are easy to implement on a rail by an unqualified operator, and which can be easily reused on several sites successively.
  • This object of the invention is achieved with a system for dynamically measuring the load of the wheels of a train, comprising at least one splint capable of being pressed against the web of a railway track, this hatch incorporating force sensors, and including reservations adapted to receive including the electrical wiring and connectivity associated with said sensors.
  • the splice equipped with its sensors forms a one-piece assembly in which the sensors are pre-positioned. one against the other, and this set can be very easily fixed against the soul of the rail by means of "cés” (sort of clamps commonly used for the maintenance of railways) pinching the soul of the rail of share and else, and passing under this rail.
  • this set can be easily removed from its location to be positioned elsewhere on the soul of another rail.
  • the force sensors used can be strain gauges glued on the outer surface of the eclipse, in the measure of shear, flexion or compression, but also any type of sensor that can be introduced into the splice by drilling, inserts equipped with gauges or piezoelectric sensors in particular.
  • said reservations comprise at least one housing in which there is a power supply of said force sensors: this makes it possible to make the system according to the invention very compact and autonomous in energy;
  • said reservations comprise at least one housing in which there is a device for wireless transmission of the signals sent by said force sensors: this contributes to the compactness and autonomy of the system according to the invention, and makes it possible to collect and to process the measured data at a location distant from the site where the fishplates are located;
  • said eclipse comprises two pairs of two bidirectional gauges
  • said splint is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of metal alloys and plastics.
  • FIG. 1 represents a pair of rails equipped with a measurement system according to the invention, as well as a train intended to run on this measurement system,
  • FIG. 2 shows, in perspective, a section of a railroad track with a measuring system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic view of a rail equipped with a fishplate according to the invention, in one embodiment where the force sensors are strain gages,
  • FIG. 2b is a plan view of a rail equipped with two fishplates according to the invention in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 2a, these two fishplates being shown at a distance from the rail to facilitate understanding,
  • FIG. 2c is a detailed view of zone Z of FIG. 2b, illustrating one of the gauge bridges used in the splice according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 represents a side view and a perspective view of a railway track rail equipped with a measuring system according to the invention, the holding members of this system being visible,
  • FIG. 4 shows the measurements obtained with the system according to the invention during the passage of a train.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown diagrammatically railways 1a, 1b of a railroad track, interconnected by a series of sleepers 3.
  • the invention proposes to place at least one measurement splice 7a against the web of the rail 1a and a splice 7b against the web of the rail 1b, and preferably two pairs of measuring splints 7a, 7b and 7c, 7d on each of the respective rails 1a, 1b.
  • These measurement splints make it possible to measure the charges of each of the wheels 5a, 5b, 5i, as is symbolized by the dashed lines 9 of FIG.
  • the splice 7a is substantially in the form of a parallelepipedal block 1 3, the dimensions of which are adapted so that this splash can come to press against the core 1 1 of the rail 1 a.
  • the material chosen to form the parallelepiped block 13 may be selected from metal alloys and plastics.
  • This block is equipped with force sensors 15a, 15b, placed against the core 1 1 of the rail 1a.
  • the force sensors 15a, 15b are strain gauges, they are preferably placed on the outer surface of the parallelepiped block 1 3, so as to be in intimate contact with the core January 1 when the block 13 is in place as shown in Figure 2 and following.
  • the block 13 furthermore preferably comprises a housing 17, able to receive a power supply (battery or accumulator for example), connected by electric cables to the two sensors 15a and 15b.
  • a power supply battery or accumulator for example
  • the housing 17 is also adapted to receive an electronic wireless transmission unit of the signals sent by the sensors 15a, 15b, this block being also connected by electric cables to each of these two sensors.
  • the four gauges J1, J2 and J3, J4 forming the two pairs are mounted in a Wheatstone bridge, the power supply of this bridge and the measuring the voltage on this bridge being made at the points indicated in Figure 2c.
  • This variant embodiment which is in this case prototypical, is less preferred than that indicated in FIG. 2, in which the measurement edi 7a forms a compact and autonomous assembly, its power supply and the transmission of the signals sent by force sensors that do not require external wiring.
  • the operator can simply flatten the parallelepiped block 13 against the core 1 1 of the rail 1a, without worrying about any question of wiring, the power supply and transmission means information to a remote location of the site where the edict is located being integrated within this splint.
  • two respective fishplates 7a, 7b and 7c, 7d on either side of the core of each of these rails are placed on each rail 1a, 1b.
  • each splice 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d comprises two pairs of bidirectional strain gauges, making it possible to carry out shear measurements on the splice.
  • the abscissa axis indicates the time, and the ordinate axis indicates the amplitude of the deformations of the rail during the passage of the wheels 5a, 5b ... 5i of the train 7: each peak P1, P2, ... Pi indicates the passage of a wheel, the pairs of peaks P1, P2 ... being representative of the passage of axles grouped conventionally in pairs on the train 7.
  • the measurement system according to the invention is extremely simple to implement by an unqualified operator, compact and autonomous, so that it does not require any particular connection.
  • these measuring plates can be used an unlimited number of times, so that it is no longer necessary to implement new force sensors for each new measurement campaign, contrary to what was the case. in the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for dynamic measurement of the wheel load of a train which includes at least one fishplate (7a) capable of being urged against the web (11) of a railway rail (1a), said fishplate including force sensors (15a, 15b) and recesses (17) capable of holding, in particular, the electric cables and the connectors associated with said sensors.

Description

Système de mesure dynamique de la charge des roues d'un train.  Dynamic measuring system of the wheel load of a train.
La présente demande de brevet se rapporte à un système de mesure dynamique de la charge des roues d'un train.  The present patent application relates to a system for dynamically measuring the wheel load of a train.
Il est utile de pouvoir connaître la charge de chacune des roues d'un train, c'est-à-dire le poids transmis par chaque roue au rail sur lequel elle circule.  It is useful to be able to know the load of each wheel of a train, that is to say the weight transmitted by each wheel to the rail on which it travels.
Cette information peut en effet être utilisée à différentes fins. A titre d'exemple, cette information peut permettre de calculer les montants des péages déterminés en fonction du tonnage transporté, de classer les lignes en fonction du tonnage réel circulé, de déterminer l'agressivité de nouveaux matériels roulants, de déterminer le cumul de tonnage circulé après travaux, etc.  This information can indeed be used for different purposes. By way of example, this information can be used to calculate the amounts of the tolls determined according to the tonnage transported, to classify the lines according to the actual tonnage circulated, to determine the aggressiveness of new rolling stock, to determine the cumulative tonnage. circulated after works, etc.
Aujourd'hui, classiquement, pour mesurer cette charge de manière dynamique et à grande vitesse (train circulant jusqu'à 320, voire 350 km/h), on colle des jauges de contrainte sur l'âme des rails, dont les déformations respectives permettent de déterminer les efforts de cisaillement auxquels sont soumis les rails lors du passage d'un train, et ainsi de déduire la charge de chaque roue de ce train.  Today, classically, to measure this load dynamically and at high speed (train traveling up to 320, or even 350 km / h), pressure gauges are bonded to the web core, the respective deformations of which allow to determine the shear forces to which the rails are subjected during the passage of a train, and thus to deduce the load of each wheel of this train.
La mise en place de ces jauges par collage nécessite un matériel spécifique, et leur positionnement relatif demande une qualification particulière de la part de l'opérateur qui en a la charge.  The setting up of these gauges by gluing requires specific equipment, and their relative positioning requires a special qualification from the operator who is responsible for it.
De plus, une fois la campagne de mesures effectuée, ces jauges ne peuvent être réutilisées, et elles sont laissées sur place.  In addition, once the measurement campaign is completed, these gauges can not be reused, and they are left behind.
La présente invention a ainsi notamment pour but de fournir des moyens de mesure dynamique de la charge des roues d'un train qui soient faciles à mettre en place sur un rail par un opérateur non qual ifié, et qui puissent être aisément réutilisés sur plusieurs sites successivement.  The present invention is thus particularly intended to provide means for dynamically measuring the load of the wheels of a train which are easy to implement on a rail by an unqualified operator, and which can be easily reused on several sites successively.
On atteint ce but de l'invention avec un système de mesure dynamique de la charge des roues d'un train, comprenant au moins une éclisse apte à être plaquée contre l'âme d'un rail de voie ferrée, cette écl isse incorporant des capteurs d'efforts, et comprenant des réservations aptes à recevoir notamment le câblage électrique et la connectique associée auxdits capteurs.  This object of the invention is achieved with a system for dynamically measuring the load of the wheels of a train, comprising at least one splint capable of being pressed against the web of a railway track, this hatch incorporating force sensors, and including reservations adapted to receive including the electrical wiring and connectivity associated with said sensors.
Grâce à ces caractéristiques, l'éclisse équipée de ses capteurs forme un ensemble monobloc dans lequel les capteurs sont pré-positionnés les uns par rapport aux autres, et cet ensemble peut être très facilement fixé contre l'âme du rail au moyen de « cés » (sorte de serre-joints couramment utilisés pour l'entretien des voies ferrés) pinçant l'âme du rail de part et d'autre, et passant sous ce rail. Thanks to these characteristics, the splice equipped with its sensors forms a one-piece assembly in which the sensors are pre-positioned. one against the other, and this set can be very easily fixed against the soul of the rail by means of "cés" (sort of clamps commonly used for the maintenance of railways) pinching the soul of the rail of share and else, and passing under this rail.
De même, cet ensemble peut être très facilement ôté de son emplacement pour être positionné ailleurs, sur l'âme d'un autre rail.  Similarly, this set can be easily removed from its location to be positioned elsewhere on the soul of another rail.
Pour effectuer ces opérations élémentaires, aucune qualification n'est nécessaire, et l'on maintient l'intégrité des capteurs, de sorte qu'ils ne sont plus des consommables pour cette mesure.  To perform these basic operations, no qualification is necessary, and the integrity of the sensors is maintained, so that they are no longer consumables for this measurement.
Les capteurs d'efforts employés peuvent être des jauges de contraintes collées sur la surface extérieure de l'écl isse, en mesure de cisaillement, flexion ou compression, mais également tout type de capteur qui peut être introduit dans l'éclisse par perçage, inserts équipés de jauges ou de capteurs piézo-électriques notamment.  The force sensors used can be strain gauges glued on the outer surface of the eclipse, in the measure of shear, flexion or compression, but also any type of sensor that can be introduced into the splice by drilling, inserts equipped with gauges or piezoelectric sensors in particular.
Suivant d'autres caractéristiques optionnelles de la présente invention :  According to other optional features of the present invention:
- lesdites réservations comprennent au moins un logement dans lequel se trouve une alimentation électrique desdits capteurs d'efforts : ceci permet de rendre le système selon l'invention très compact et autonome en énergie ;  said reservations comprise at least one housing in which there is a power supply of said force sensors: this makes it possible to make the system according to the invention very compact and autonomous in energy;
- lesdites réservations comprennent au moins un logement dans lequel se trouve un dispositif de transmission sans fil des signaux envoyés par lesdits capteurs d'efforts : ceci contribue à la compacité et à l'autonomie du système selon l'invention, et permet de recueillir et de traiter les données mesurées sur un lieu distant du site où sont implantées les éclisses ;  said reservations comprise at least one housing in which there is a device for wireless transmission of the signals sent by said force sensors: this contributes to the compactness and autonomy of the system according to the invention, and makes it possible to collect and to process the measured data at a location distant from the site where the fishplates are located;
- lesd its capteu rs d 'efforts sont des jauges de contra intes bidirectionnelles ;  - the captors of effort are bidirectional countermeasures;
- ladite écl isse com porte deux paires de deux jauges bidirectionnelles,  said eclipse comprises two pairs of two bidirectional gauges,
- lesdites paires de jauges bi-directionnelles sont montées en pont, said pairs of bi-directional gauges are mounted in bridge,
- ladite éclisse est formée dans un matériau choisi dans le groupe comprenant les alliages métalliques et les matières plastiques. said splint is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of metal alloys and plastics.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, et à l'examen des figures ci-annexées, dans lesquelles : - la figure 1 représente une paire de rails équipés d'un système de mesure selon l'invention, ainsi qu'un train destiné à circuler sur ce système de mesure, Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge in the light of the description which follows, and on examining the appended figures, in which: FIG. 1 represents a pair of rails equipped with a measurement system according to the invention, as well as a train intended to run on this measurement system,
- la figure 2 représente, en perspective, un tronçon de rail de voie de ch em i n de fer éq u i pé d ' u n système de mesu re selon l'invention,  FIG. 2 shows, in perspective, a section of a railroad track with a measuring system according to the invention,
- la figure 2a est une vue schématique d'un rail équipé d'une éclisse selon l'invention, dans un mode de réalisation où les capteurs d'efforts sont des jauges de contraintes,  FIG. 2a is a schematic view of a rail equipped with a fishplate according to the invention, in one embodiment where the force sensors are strain gages,
- la figure 2b est une vue de dessus d'un rail équipé de deux éclisses selon l'invention conformes au mode de réalisation de la figure 2a, ces deux éclisses étant représentées à distance du rail pour faciliter la compréhension,  FIG. 2b is a plan view of a rail equipped with two fishplates according to the invention in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 2a, these two fishplates being shown at a distance from the rail to facilitate understanding,
- la figure 2c est une vue de détail de la zone Z de la figure 2b, illustrant l'un des ponts de jauges utilisés dans l'éclisse selon l'invention,  FIG. 2c is a detailed view of zone Z of FIG. 2b, illustrating one of the gauge bridges used in the splice according to the invention,
- la figure 3 représente en vue de côté et en perspective, un rail de voie de chemin de fer équipé d'un système de mesure selon l'invention, les organes de maintien de ce système étant visibles, FIG. 3 represents a side view and a perspective view of a railway track rail equipped with a measuring system according to the invention, the holding members of this system being visible,
- la figure 4 représente les mesures obtenues grâce au système selon l'invention lors du passage d'un train. - Figure 4 shows the measurements obtained with the system according to the invention during the passage of a train.
Sur l'ensemble de ces figures, des références identiques ou analogues désignent des organes ou ensembles d'organes identiques ou analogues.  In all of these figures, identical or similar references designate members or sets of identical or similar members.
En se reportant à présent à la figure 1 , on a représenté de manière schématique des rails 1 a, 1 b de voie de chemin de fer, reliés entre eux par une série de traverses 3.  Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown diagrammatically railways 1a, 1b of a railroad track, interconnected by a series of sleepers 3.
Comme indiqué dans le préambule de la présente invention, il est intéressant pour un certain nombre d'applications de connaître la charge de chacune des roues 5a, 5b.... 5i d'un train 7 circulant sur les rails 1 a, 1 b, et ce de manière dynamique, c'est-à-dire sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'arrêter le train.  As indicated in the preamble of the present invention, it is interesting for a number of applications to know the load of each of the wheels 5a, 5b .... 5i of a train 7 traveling on the rails 1a, 1b in a dynamic way, that is to say without the need to stop the train.
Pour cela, l'invention propose de placer au moins une éclisse de mesure 7a contre l'âme du rail 1 a et une éclisse 7b contre l'âme du rail 1 b, et de préférence deux paires d'éclisses de mesure 7a, 7b et 7c, 7d sur chacun des rails respectifs 1 a, 1 b. Ces éclisses de mesure, dont la nature va être développée par la suite, permettent de mesurer les charges de chacune des roues 5a, 5b.... 5i, comme cela est symbolisé par les lignes en traits discontinus 9 de la figure 1 . For this, the invention proposes to place at least one measurement splice 7a against the web of the rail 1a and a splice 7b against the web of the rail 1b, and preferably two pairs of measuring splints 7a, 7b and 7c, 7d on each of the respective rails 1a, 1b. These measurement splints, the nature of which will be developed subsequently, make it possible to measure the charges of each of the wheels 5a, 5b, 5i, as is symbolized by the dashed lines 9 of FIG.
On se reporte à présent à la figure 2, sur laquelle on peut voir de manière plus détaillée en quoi consiste chaque éclisse 7a, 7b, 7c et 7d.  Referring now to Figure 2, which can be seen in more detail what is said splint 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d.
Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2, l'éclisse 7a se présente sensiblement sous la forme d'un bloc parallélépipéd ique 1 3 dont l es dimensions sont adaptées pour que cette écl isse puisse venir se plaquer contre l'âme 1 1 du rail 1 a.  As can be seen in FIG. 2, the splice 7a is substantially in the form of a parallelepipedal block 1 3, the dimensions of which are adapted so that this splash can come to press against the core 1 1 of the rail 1 a.
Le matériau choisi pour former le bloc parallélépipédique 13 peut être sélectionné parmi les alliages métalliques et les matières plastiques.  The material chosen to form the parallelepiped block 13 may be selected from metal alloys and plastics.
Ce bloc est équipé de capteurs d'efforts 15a, 15b, placés contre l'âme 1 1 du rail 1 a.  This block is equipped with force sensors 15a, 15b, placed against the core 1 1 of the rail 1a.
Lorsque les capteurs d'efforts 15a, 15b sont des jauges de contraintes, ils sont de préférence placés sur la surface extérieure du bloc parallélépipédique 1 3, de manière à être en contact intime avec l'âme 1 1 lorsque le bloc 13 est en place comme visible sur la figure 2 et suivantes.  When the force sensors 15a, 15b are strain gauges, they are preferably placed on the outer surface of the parallelepiped block 1 3, so as to be in intimate contact with the core January 1 when the block 13 is in place as shown in Figure 2 and following.
Des réservations formées dans la masse du bloc 13 permettent de faire passer des câbles électriques reliés à chacun des capteurs 15a et 15b.  Reservations formed in the mass of the block 13 allow to pass electrical cables connected to each of the sensors 15a and 15b.
Le bloc 13 comporte en outre de préférence un logement 17, apte à recevoir une alimentation électrique (batterie ou accumulateur par exemple), connecté par des câbles électriques aux deux capteurs 15a et 15b.  The block 13 furthermore preferably comprises a housing 17, able to receive a power supply (battery or accumulator for example), connected by electric cables to the two sensors 15a and 15b.
De manière optionnelle mais préférée, le logement 17 est également adapté pour recevoir un bloc électronique de transmission sans fil des signaux envoyés par les capteurs 15a, 15b, ce bloc étant lui aussi relié par des câbles électriques à chacun de ces deux capteurs.  Optionally but preferably, the housing 17 is also adapted to receive an electronic wireless transmission unit of the signals sent by the sensors 15a, 15b, this block being also connected by electric cables to each of these two sensors.
On se reporte à présent plus particulièrement aux figures 2a et 2b, qui illustrent un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention dans lequel les capteurs d'efforts sont des jauges de contraintes.  Referring now more particularly to Figures 2a and 2b, which illustrate a particular embodiment of the invention wherein the force sensors are strain gauges.
Comme on peut le voir sur ces figures, on dispose deux fois deux paires 1 15a, 1 15b ; 215a, 215b, et 315a, 315b ; 41 5a, 41 5b de jauges sur chacune des deux faces respectives des éclisses 7a et 7b.  As can be seen in these figures, there are two pairs twice 1 15a, 1 15b; 215a, 215b, and 315a, 315b; 41 5a, 41 5b of gauges on each of the two respective faces of the fishplates 7a and 7b.
Plus précisément, comme cela est visible sur la vue de détail de la figure 2c, les quatre jauges J1 , J2 et J3, J4 formant les deux paires sont montées en pont de Wheastone, l'alimentation électrique de ce pont et la mesure de la tension sur ce pont étant effectuées aux points indiqués sur la figure 2c. More precisely, as can be seen in the detail view of FIG. 2c, the four gauges J1, J2 and J3, J4 forming the two pairs are mounted in a Wheatstone bridge, the power supply of this bridge and the measuring the voltage on this bridge being made at the points indicated in Figure 2c.
Comme cela est visible à la figure 3, pour maintenir en place le bloc 13 contre l'âme 1 1 du rail 1 a, on utilise des « cés » 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d.  As can be seen in FIG. 3, in order to keep the block 13 against the web 11 of the rail 1 a in place, "cés" 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d are used.
Comme cela est connu en soi, ces « cés » sont des sortes de serre-joints aptes à pincer un rail de part et d'autre, en passant sous ce rail, au- dessus du ballast.  As is known per se, these "cés" are kind of clamps capable of pinching a rail on either side, passing under this rail, above the ballast.
La m ise en œuvre de ces « cés » est extrêmement simple et consiste simplement à placer ces outils sous le rail, et à venir serrer chacune de ses moitiés sur les deux côtés de l'âme du rail.  The implementation of these "cés" is extremely simple and is simply to place these tools under the rail, and to come tighten each of its halves on both sides of the soul of the rail.
On comprend donc que pour mettre en place une écl isse de mesure 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d sur un rail , aucune qual ification particul ière de l'opérateur n'est nécessaire.  It will therefore be understood that in order to set up a measurement loop 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d on a rail, no particular qualification of the operator is necessary.
Dans le mode de réalisation visible à la figure 3, on peut voir les câbles électriques 21 sortant du bloc parallélépipédique 13, ces câbles étant reliés chacun aux capteurs d'efforts non visibles sur cette figure 3, situés entre ce bloc 13 et l'âme 1 1 du rail 1 a.  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to see the electrical cables 21 coming out of the parallelepiped block 13, these cables being each connected to the non-visible force sensors in this FIG. 3, situated between this block 13 and the core 1 1 of the rail 1 a.
Il s'agit là d'une variante de réalisation, dans laquelle les moyens d'alimentation électrique des capteurs d'efforts, a insi que les moyens de transmission des signaux envoyés par ces capteurs d'efforts, sont extérieurs à l'édisse de mesure 7a.  This is an alternative embodiment, in which the power supply means of the force sensors, and the means for transmitting the signals sent by these force sensors, are external to the eductor of measure 7a.
Cette variante de réalisation, qui est en l'occurrence prototypique, est moins préférée que celle indiquée à la figure 2, dans laquelle l'édisse de mesu re 7a forme un ensemble compact et autonome, son alimentation électrique et la transmission des signaux envoyés par les capteurs d'efforts ne nécessitant aucun câblage extérieur.  This variant embodiment, which is in this case prototypical, is less preferred than that indicated in FIG. 2, in which the measurement edi 7a forms a compact and autonomous assembly, its power supply and the transmission of the signals sent by force sensors that do not require external wiring.
Avec ce mode de réalisation préféré, l'opérateur peut se contenter de plaquer le bloc parallélépipédique 13 contre l'âme 1 1 du rail 1 a, sans se préoccuper d 'aucu ne question de câblage, les moyens d'alimentation électrique et de transmission des informations vers un lieu distant du site où est implantée l'édisse étant intégrés à l'intérieur de cette éclisse.  With this preferred embodiment, the operator can simply flatten the parallelepiped block 13 against the core 1 1 of the rail 1a, without worrying about any question of wiring, the power supply and transmission means information to a remote location of the site where the edict is located being integrated within this splint.
De manière préférée, et comme cela est visible sur la figure 1 , on place sur chaque rail 1 a, 1 b deux éclisses respectives 7a, 7b et 7c, 7d de part et d'autre de l'âme de chacun de ces rails.  Preferably, and as can be seen in FIG. 1, two respective fishplates 7a, 7b and 7c, 7d on either side of the core of each of these rails are placed on each rail 1a, 1b.
Ceci permet en effet de prendre en compte la dissymétrie de la répartition des charges sur chaque roue 5a, 5b.... 5i, du train 7. De préférence également, et comme cela est visible aussi sur la figure 1 , on effectue des mesures au moyen de deux paires d'éclisses sur chacun des deux rails 1 a, 1 b, de manière à obtenir des mesures les plus fiables possible : ceci est particul ièrement pertinent dans les sections en courbe où les charges ne sont pas réparties de manière symétrique sur les deux roues d'un essieu. This makes it possible to take into account the asymmetry of the load distribution on each wheel 5a, 5b .... 5i, of the train 7. Also preferably, and as can be seen also in FIG. 1, measurements are made by means of two pairs of fishplates on each of the two rails 1 a, 1 b, so as to obtain the most reliable measurements possible: this is particularly relevant in curved sections where the loads are not symmetrically distributed on the two wheels of an axle.
Dans un mode de réalisation prototypique, chaque éclisse 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, comporte deux paires de jauges de contrainte bid irectionnelles, permettant de réaliser des mesures de cisaillement sur l'éclisse.  In a prototypical embodiment, each splice 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d comprises two pairs of bidirectional strain gauges, making it possible to carry out shear measurements on the splice.
En se reportant à la figure 4, on peut voir un graphique illustrant les mesures obtenues à partir de ce prototype.  Referring to Figure 4, a graph illustrating the measurements obtained from this prototype can be seen.
L'axe des abscisses indique le temps, et l'axe des ordonnées indique l'amplitude des déformations du rail lors du passage des roues 5a, 5b... 5i du train 7 : chaque pic P1 , P2, ... Pi indique le passage d'une roue, les paires de pics P1 , P2... étant représentatives du passage d'essieux groupés classiquement par paires sur le train 7.  The abscissa axis indicates the time, and the ordinate axis indicates the amplitude of the deformations of the rail during the passage of the wheels 5a, 5b ... 5i of the train 7: each peak P1, P2, ... Pi indicates the passage of a wheel, the pairs of peaks P1, P2 ... being representative of the passage of axles grouped conventionally in pairs on the train 7.
Comme on peut le comprendre à la lumière de la description qui précède, le système de mesure selon l'invention est extrêmement simple à mettre en œuvre par un opérateur non qualifié, compact et autonome, de sorte qu'il ne nécessite aucune connexion particulière.  As can be understood from the foregoing description, the measurement system according to the invention is extremely simple to implement by an unqualified operator, compact and autonomous, so that it does not require any particular connection.
Un outillage classique utilisé pour la maintenance des voies ferrées (« cés ») suffit à fixer les éclisses de mesure sur les rails concernés.  Conventional tools used for the maintenance of railways ("cés") are sufficient to fix the measuring plates on the rails concerned.
De plus, ces éclisses de mesure peuvent être utilisées un nombre illimité de fois, de sorte qu'il n'est plus nécessaire de mettre en service de nouveaux capteurs d'efforts pour chaque nouvelle campagne de mesure, contrairement à ce qui était le cas dans la technique antérieure.  In addition, these measuring plates can be used an unlimited number of times, so that it is no longer necessary to implement new force sensors for each new measurement campaign, contrary to what was the case. in the prior art.
Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés, fournis à titre de simple exemple.  Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, provided as a simple example.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Système de mesure dynamique de la charge des roues (5a, 5b, ...5i) d'un train (7), comprenant au moins une éclisse (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) apte à être plaquée contre l'âme (11 ) d'un rail (1a, 1 b) de voie ferrée, au moins une des éclisse incorporant, des capteurs d'efforts (15a, 15b), et comprenant des réservations (17) aptes à recevoir notamment le câblage électrique et la connectique associée auxdits capteurs.  A system for dynamically measuring the wheel load (5a, 5b, ... 5i) of a train (7), comprising at least one splice (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) adapted to be pressed against the core (11) of a rail (1a, 1b) of railroad track, at least one incorporating splice, force sensors (15a, 15b), and comprising reservations (17) able to receive including electrical wiring and the connectivity associated with said sensors.
2. Système selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdites réservations comprennent au moins un logement (17) dans lequel se trouve une alimentation électrique desdits capteurs d'efforts (15a, 15b).  2. System according to claim 1, wherein said reservations comprise at least one housing (17) in which there is a power supply of said force sensors (15a, 15b).
3. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel lesdites réservations comprennent au moins un logement (17) dans lequel se trouve un dispositif de transmission sans fil des signaux envoyés par lesdits capteurs d'efforts (15a, 15b).  3. System according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein said reservations comprise at least one housing (17) in which there is a wireless transmission device signals sent by said force sensors (15a, 15b).
4. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lesdits capteurs d'efforts sont des jauges de contraintes (15a, 15b) bidirectionnelles.  The system of any preceding claim, wherein said force sensors are bidirectional strain gauges (15a, 15b).
5. Système selon la revendication 4, dans lequel ladite éclisse (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) comporte deux paires de deux jauges bi-directionnelles (15a, 15b).  5. System according to claim 4, wherein said splint (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) comprises two pairs of two bi-directional gauges (15a, 15b).
6. Système selon la revendication 5, dans lequel lesdites paires de jauges bi-directionnelles sont montées en pont.  The system of claim 5, wherein said bi-directional gauge pairs are bridged.
7. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite éclisse (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) est formée dans un matériau choisi dans le groupe comprenant les alliages métalliques et les matières plastiques.  7. System according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said splint (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) is formed in a material selected from the group consisting of metal alloys and plastics.
8. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une deuxième éclisse apte à être plaquée contre l'âme du rail et formant paire avec la première éclisse.  8. System according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a second splint capable of being pressed against the web of the rail and forming a pair with the first splice.
9. Système selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième éclisse est une éclisse simple.  9. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the second splint is a single splice.
10. Système selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième éclisse est également une éclisse de mesure similaire à la première éclisse.  10. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the second splint is also a measuring splice similar to the first splint.
EP12722547.2A 2011-05-20 2012-04-30 System for dynamic measurement of the wheel load of a train Active EP2709894B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1154405A FR2975359B1 (en) 2011-05-20 2011-05-20 SYSTEM FOR DYNAMICALLY MEASURING THE LOAD OF WHEELS OF A TRAIN
PCT/IB2012/052153 WO2012160461A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-04-30 System for dynamic measurement of the wheel load of a train

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EP2709894A1 true EP2709894A1 (en) 2014-03-26
EP2709894B1 EP2709894B1 (en) 2016-03-23
EP2709894B8 EP2709894B8 (en) 2016-06-01

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106289606A (en) * 2015-05-20 2017-01-04 北京中科用通减振技术有限公司 Fastener longitudinal resistance test device
CN106289606B (en) * 2015-05-20 2019-08-27 北京中科用通科技股份有限公司 Fastener longitudinal resistance test device

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FR2975359B1 (en) 2013-05-17
ES2571540T3 (en) 2016-05-25
WO2012160461A1 (en) 2012-11-29
EP2709894B1 (en) 2016-03-23
EP2709894B8 (en) 2016-06-01
FR2975359A1 (en) 2012-11-23

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