EP2697875A1 - Antistatic device and associated operating method - Google Patents
Antistatic device and associated operating methodInfo
- Publication number
- EP2697875A1 EP2697875A1 EP12714667.8A EP12714667A EP2697875A1 EP 2697875 A1 EP2697875 A1 EP 2697875A1 EP 12714667 A EP12714667 A EP 12714667A EP 2697875 A1 EP2697875 A1 EP 2697875A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- electrode
- sensor
- positive
- negative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/02—Conveying or guiding webs through presses or machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H26/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms
- B65H26/02—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms responsive to presence of irregularities in running webs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
- H01T19/04—Devices providing for corona discharge having pointed electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2515/00—Physical entities not provided for in groups B65H2511/00 or B65H2513/00
- B65H2515/70—Electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. electric power or current
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antistatic device for reducing electrostatic charges on moving webs of material.
- the invention also relates to a method of operating such an antistatic device.
- Electrostatic charges arise when dielectric materials are moved relative to each other or relative to other materials. Such electrostatic charges are particularly critical in the area of rapidly moving, thin material webs, such as paper or films. If these electrostatic charges are not reduced or neutralized, they can discharge uncontrollably. Such discharges can cause personal injury, material damage, sparks, fire and explosions. In addition, subsequent processes such as coatings, printing and further processing may be impaired. It can also significantly affect the quality of the product, including the complete destruction of the product or material.
- an active electrode arrangement which has a plurality of active needle-shaped individual electrodes which are electrically connected to a high voltage source during operation of an antistatic device and are supplied with alternating voltage.
- the electrode arrangement is in this case arranged in a bar-shaped electrode carrier into which a ground conductor is also integrated.
- US Pat. No. 6,674,630 B1 discloses antistatic devices in which either two active electrode arrangements of the same polarity follow one another in the direction of movement of a material web or in which two pairs of electrode arrangements follow one another in the direction of movement of the material web, each pair having a positive electrode arrangement and a negative electrode arrangement. comprises arrangement, which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the web.
- the neutralization current flowing at the active electrode arrangements is measured and evaluated. Depending on the detected neutralization current, the effectiveness of the neutralization or the residual charge remaining on the material web is determined. Depending on this residual charge then the speed of movement of the web can be changed.
- Such systems in which positive electrodes as well as negative electrodes are active in operation, may also be referred to as bipolar systems.
- Active electrode assemblies differ from passive electrode assemblies in that the active electrode assemblies are connected to a high voltage source while passive electrode assemblies are connected to a ground, in particular ground.
- a high voltage in the present context is at least 1 kV.
- the so-called "zebra effect" is observed between two positive or negative voltage pulses.
- there is an unwanted half-wave or unneeded polarity in which it is not neutralized because this half-wave has the identical polarity of the web, and thus to the discharge of the material web and
- the voltage at the beginning of the respective voltage pulse requires a certain amount of time until the ionization voltage is built up.
- the ionization voltage is the voltage level at which the ionization of the surrounding air molecules This ionization phase by means of a certain minimum voltage is absolutely necessary for the neutralization to take place during these delayed build-up phases and phases of degradation of the respective voltage pulse and during the not required half-waves or polarities, the neutralization effect of the respective electrode arrangement is reduced or even canceled.
- neutralized and non-neutralized or poorly neutralized web sections can then follow one another, as in the case of crosswalks.
- the distances of these stripes that is the grid of the zebra stripes, correlate with the pulse frequency of the ionization and the web speed.
- the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing an improved embodiment for an antistatic device of the type mentioned above or for an associated operating method, which is characterized in particular by the avoidance of non-neutralized or poorly neutralized web sections with simultaneously reduced energy consumption.
- This problem is solved in the present invention, in particular by the subject of the independent claim.
- Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
- the invention is based on the general idea, in an antistatic device which comprises at least one positive electrode arrangement and at least one negative electrode arrangement, depending on the polarity of each material web to be neutralized to deactivate the respectively unnecessary electrode arrangement and only unipolar active to operate the required electrode assembly.
- the antistatic device according to the invention preferably comprises only a single positive electrode arrangement and only a single negative electrode arrangement. Furthermore, it is preferred that the respective active electrode arrangement has only a single row of needle-shaped electrodes arranged next to one another transversely to the direction of movement of the material web, so that a maximum of two rows of needles or electrode rows are provided for realizing the two active electrode arrangements. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the needle-shaped electrodes of the positive electrode arrangement and of the negative electrode arrangement can be arranged in a common row next to one another transversely to the direction of movement of the material web, so that in extreme cases both active electrode arrangements can be formed by a single row of electrodes or needles.
- the controller of the invention may activate or deactivate the negative high voltage source and deactivate or disable the positive high voltage source, and in the event of a negative neutralization current, disable or disable the negative high voltage source and activate the positive high voltage source. leave four or activated.
- the invention uses the knowledge that the polarity that arises on a material web during a production process remains constant as long as the process parameters do not change. The resulting polarity can not be predicted. As a result of the inventively proposed checking of the polarity which occurs on the material web, the respectively unneeded active electrode arrangement can be deactivated, since this can essentially contribute no contribution to the neutralization of the electrostatic charge of the material web.
- the system then works in comparison to other systems not bipolar but unipolar.
- deactivating the unneeded electrode By deactivating the unneeded electrode, the energy consumption of the antistatic device can be significantly reduced since it is not necessary to apply a high voltage to the unneeded electrode arrangement.
- the antistatic device according to the invention operates in a unipolar DC operation (DC operation) when the unneeded electrode arrangement is deactivated, which significantly reduces the energy consumption of the antistatic device.
- the unipolar DC operation of the antistatic device according to the invention is preferably unpulsed, so that the required neutralization current is constant or permanent, as a result of which the control or regulation effort is considerably reduced.
- the controller is designed and / or programmed such that it can be switched over at least between a learning phase and a working phase.
- both the positive high voltage source and the negative high voltage source are activated, while in the working phase only one of the high voltage sources, namely the high voltage source required to neutralize the material web is active.
- the sensor system can now be designed and / or programmed such that it detects the polarity of the neutralization current during the learning phase from that of the respective high-voltage source outflowing streams, so monitored the neutralization currents of the active electrode assemblies.
- more current flows at one high-voltage source than at the other, from which it is possible to deduce the polarity of the charge of the material web or the polarity of the neutralization current.
- a passive sensor electrode assembly which has a plurality of needle-shaped individual sensor electrodes and which is electrically connected to a mass during operation of the antistatic device. Due to their connection to the ground, the sensor electrode arrangement is a passive electrode arrangement. Furthermore, the sensor system can now be programmed and / or configured such that it monitors the current flowing out of the sensor electrode arrangement, that is to say the neutralization current of the sensor electrode arrangement, in order to detect the polarity of the neutralization current.
- the invention is thus based in this case on the general idea, in an antistatic device comprising at least one positive electrode arrangement and at least one negative electrode arrangement, to provide at least one sensor electrode arrangement, with the aid of which the polarity of a neutralization current of the sensor electrode arrangement can be detected, in dependence on the determined polarity to deactivate the respectively unnecessary electrode arrangement and to operate only the required electrode arrangement active.
- the controller may enable or disable the negative high voltage source and disable or disable the positive high voltage source, and in the event of a negative neutralization current, disable or disable the negative high voltage source and activate the positive high voltage source or leave activated.
- the invention uses the knowledge that the polarity that arises on a material web during a production process remains constant as long as the process parameters do not change.
- the polarity can not be predicted.
- the respectively unneeded active electrode arrangement can be deactivated, since this can essentially contribute no contribution to the neutralization of the electrostatic charge of the material web.
- the power consumption of the antistatic device can be significantly reduced, since it is not necessary to apply a high voltage to the unneeded electrode arrangement.
- the sensor electrode arrangement in particular via a measuring resistor, is connected to a grounding, in particular to a grounding.
- the sensor electrode arrangement simultaneously acts as a passive neutralization electrode arrangement, via which a large part of the electrostatic charge of the material web can already be neutralized.
- This passive neutralization at the sensor electrode arrangement produces a neutralization current at the sensor electrode arrangement, which can be measured, for example, by means of a corresponding measuring resistor. Due to the effect of the sensor electrode arrangement as a passive neutralization electrode arrangement, it is simultaneously possible to reduce the power at the respective active electrode arrangement or to achieve an improved neutralization effect or to set a greater distance between electrode arrangement and material web for the same power.
- it may be provided to control the respective activated high-voltage source in such a way that it supplies an unpulsed and preferably constant positive or negative DC voltage.
- an unpulsed direct current it is possible to permanently withdraw charge from the material web or to neutralize charge on the material web.
- an unpulsed DC voltage By using an unpulsed DC voltage, the zebra effect can largely and in particular be completely avoided, as a result of which a particularly high-quality, continuous or continuous neutralization of the material web can be achieved largely and in particular completely without residual charge.
- the high-voltage sources for generating a pulsed direct voltage at the respective active electrode arrangement are activated during a learning phase, so that a pulsed direct voltage is applied to both the positive electrode arrangement and the negative electrode arrangement.
- a positive voltage pulse of the positive electrode assembly simultaneously occurs at a voltage gap on the negative electrode assembly, while a voltage gap on the positive electrode assembly coincides with a negative voltage pulse of the negative electrode assembly.
- the polarity of the neutralization current of the sensor electrode assembly is determined. Once it is determined that stable a certain Polarity is present, is changed to a working phase, during which the unneeded electrode assembly or its high voltage source is deactivated, while the further required electrode assembly remains active and the associated high voltage source is driven to generate an unpulsed DC voltage.
- This embodiment assumes that, during the learning phase, which can be triggered, for example, by a change in the process parameters of a production process associated with the material web, for example by a change in the material web, it is still unclear at the beginning which polarity is at the Material web is set.
- both active electrode arrangements that is to say both the positive electrode arrangement and the negative electrode arrangement, are activated in order to achieve effective neutralization already during the learning phase.
- both active electrode arrangements are supplied with pulsed DC voltage.
- the polarity is stabilized and identified, is switched to the working phase in which then only one of the active electrode assemblies is activated, which is then supplied with an unpulsed DC voltage.
- the unpulsed DC voltage is preferably constant.
- both high-voltage sources are still deactivated during the learning phase and then only the high-voltage source of the required electrode arrangement is activated in the working phase. This is particularly advantageous if the controller can activate the required electrode arrangement in a short time depending on the determined polarity of the material web.
- a neutralization current of the respectively activated active electrode arrangement can be measured with the sensor system, for example by means of a current measuring device. That is, while working phase, the neutralization current of the respective activated active electrode arrangement is now also monitored. Depending on the measured neutralization current of the active electrode arrangement, it is now possible to switch between two operating modes of the antistatic device. For example, a distinction can be made between a main mode and a fallback mode or fallback mode. In the main mode, only one of the two high-voltage sources is active, in particular in order to supply the associated electrode arrangement with unpulsed direct current. This main operation thus corresponds in particular to the desired operating state of the working phase.
- the fallback mode can be distinguished by the fact that both high-voltage sources are active, preferably in such a way that both electrode arrangements are supplied with pulsed DC voltage, in particular alternately.
- the fallback mode can therefore correspond in particular to the learning phase with active ionization electrodes.
- such an embodiment can therefore also be realized in such a way that, depending on the neutralization current of the sensor electrode arrangement, it is possible to switch from the learning phase to the working phase, while depending on the neutralization current of the electrode arrangement activated during the working phase, a change back into the learning phase is possible.
- too weak a neutralization current at the active electrode arrangement may be an indication that possibly a process parameter has been changed so that the polarity at the material web has changed.
- a new learning phase can be triggered.
- the quiescent current of at least one of the active electrode arrangements and / or the sensor electrode arrangement for example, electrode erosion and / or electrode contamination are detected can.
- monitoring the quiescent current can thus perform a diagnosis of the antistatic device.
- a quiescent current occurs in particular when the material web has almost no electrostatic charge and / or when the material web rests or only has a low speed of movement.
- the positive ions of the positive electrode assembly can move through the air to the negative electrode assembly, whereby a current flow, namely said quiescent current is formed.
- ions from the positive electrode arrangement as well as ions from the negative electrode arrangement can move through the air to the sensor electrode arrangement, which is electrically connected to the ground, so that a quiescent current can also arise therefrom.
- a quiescent current can be measured during a diagnostic phase of the antistatic device, which is characterized by a low electrostatic charge of the material web.
- the electrostatic charge on the material web builds up only gradually when starting the material web, so that it is particularly expedient to provide such a diagnostic phase when starting or when the material web is at a standstill.
- a drop in the quiescent current may indicate an electrically non-conductive contamination of the respective electrodes.
- the respective reference current represents the 100% value.
- an increase in the quiescent current to, for example, more than 150% or more than 160% of a reference current can indicate electrically conductive contamination of the relevant electrodes.
- the respective reference current represents the 100% value.
- a new reference current is determined after each cleaning process of the electrodes.
- the new reference current is reduced compared to the base reference current.
- the ever new reference current continues to decrease.
- the decrease in the reference current correlates with the erosion of the electrodes.
- a monitoring device can automatically detect a cleaning process of the electrodes, as changes by the cleaning of the electrodes of the quiescent current in the direction of the respective preceding reference current. Once a predetermined burnup of the electrodes is achieved with respect to the base reference current, again a corresponding maintenance signal can be generated.
- the quiescent current or the diagnostic phase is therefore preferably present when the material web is not loaded and / or when the material web rests.
- the learning phase or a neutralizing current of the sensor electrode arrangement is present in particular when the material web absorbs speed and already carries a certain passively dissipatable charge.
- the working phase the material web moves at the usual working speed, carries the resulting charge, so that on the respective active ionization onselektrodenanowski extract a neutralization flow flows.
- the antistatic device according to the invention operates only with an active electrode arrangement during operation, that is to say during the working phase, no particularly large distance between the electrode arrangements is to be observed with respect to the direction of movement of the material web.
- the active electrode assemblies in the direction of movement of the web have a distance which is smaller than the extent of the antistatic device across the web or less than a distance, the first and a last electrode of an electrode group having 10 or 5 successive electrodes are spaced apart within one of the electrode assemblies.
- the antistatic device according to the invention builds comparatively compact.
- the two active electrode arrangements can be arranged in or on a common bar-shaped electrode carrier, which considerably simplifies the installation of the antistatic device. If, in addition, the above-mentioned sensor electrode arrangement is present, this can also be expediently arranged in or on this common electrode carrier.
- Such an electrode carrier can be expediently equipped with connections for the high-voltage sources and for the sensor system in order to connect the positive electrode arrangement to the positive high-voltage source, the negative electrode arrangement to the negative high-voltage source and possibly the sensor electrode arrangement to the sensor system.
- the electrode carrier may have a dividing wall which extends between the active electrode arrangements on the one hand and the sensor electrode arrangement on the other hand.
- the partition may in particular be electrically insulating.
- the partition wall can thus reduce the risk of a short circuit between the active electrodes via the direct air path and the sensor electrodes, as it forces an alignment in the direction of the material web for the ion movement. This orientation of the ion movement toward the material web can be improved, for example, by projecting the dividing wall over the electrodes or via their electrode tips in the direction of the material web.
- the electrode carrier may have at least one high-voltage conductor which is electrically connected to the respective high-voltage connection.
- the high-voltage conductor makes it particularly easy to connect the individual electrodes of the respective electrode arrangement to the respective high-voltage source.
- the respective high-voltage conductor can be formed by a carbon fiber composite body, which can be used simultaneously for stiffening the electrode carrier.
- the high-voltage conductor or the carbon fiber composite body is flat or band-shaped and in particular configured with a rectangular profile.
- the sensor electrodes are arranged side by side in a straight row of sensor electrodes.
- the positive electrodes can also be arranged side by side in a straight row of positive electrodes.
- the negative electrodes can also be arranged next to one another in a straight row of negative electrodes.
- the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes can be arranged alternately next to one another in a common row of straight electrodes. This results in a particularly compact design for the antistatic device or for the electrode carrier.
- the antistatic device can then have two rows of electrodes which are arranged one behind the other with respect to the direction of movement of the material web, wherein one electrode row contains the sensor electrodes, while the other electrode row contains the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes.
- the sensor electrodes, the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes in a common straight row of electrodes alternately adjacent to each other are arranged.
- only a single row of electrodes is recognizable, in which positive electrodes, negative electrodes and sensor electrodes alternate in a suitable manner.
- the antistatic device or the electrode carrier builds particularly compact.
- the sensor electrode arrangement is expediently arranged in front of the active electrode arrangements with respect to a direction of movement of the material web.
- the sensor electrode arrangement can measure the polarity of the material web before the material web reaches the active electrode arrangements.
- it has surprisingly been found that it hardly plays a role for the antistatic device according to the invention, whether the sensor electrode assembly is positioned before or after the active electrode assemblies, so that an embodiment is possible in which the sensor electrode arrangement with respect to the direction of movement of the material web active electrode arrangements is positioned.
- each positive electrode is arranged on its own film carrier, on which an associated series resistor of the positive electrode is printed.
- a plurality of positive electrodes are arranged on a common film carrier, on which a corresponding number of series resistors of the positive electrodes is printed.
- all positive electrodes are arranged on a common film carrier, on which all associated series resistors of the positive electrodes are printed. The same applies to the negative electrodes or to the sensor electrodes.
- a separate film carrier with associated series resistor can be provided for each negative electrode.
- a plurality of film carriers may be provided on which a plurality of negative electrodes are arranged and which have a plurality of series resistors for the negative electrodes.
- a common foil carrier for All negative electrodes may be provided, which carries all the series resistors of the negative electrodes.
- a film carrier is conceivable per sensor electrode, which carries a series resistor printed on the respective sensor electrode.
- a plurality of film carriers may be provided on which a plurality of sensor electrodes are arranged and on which a plurality of series resistors for the sensor electrodes are printed.
- a single film carrier is provided on which all the sensor electrodes are arranged and which carries all the series resistors of the sensor electrodes as printed resistors.
- the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are arranged on a common film carrier, on which the series resistors of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are printed.
- An embodiment is also conceivable in which the sensor electrodes and the positive electrodes and / or the negative electrodes are arranged on a common film carrier, on which the series resistors of the sensor electrodes and the series resistors of the positive electrodes and / or the negative electrodes are printed.
- the use of such film carriers with printed resistors leads to a particularly inexpensive design for the respective electrode arrangement and ultimately for the antistatic device.
- the use of such film carrier allows a particularly flat design for the electrode carrier.
- the film carrier with the electrodes and the series resistors is provided as continuous material, which considerably simplifies the assembly of the electrode arrangements and makes their production relatively inexpensive. Additionally or alternatively it can be provided that the film carrier is provided on both sides with series resistors. This leads to an extremely compact design, for example, on a film carrier positive electrodes and negative electrodes with their associated series resistors different sides of the film carrier to install. Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that the film carrier consists of a flexible material, which facilitates the handling of the film carrier.
- the present invention is also represented by an operating method in which an antistatic device comprising an active positive electrode arrangement and an active negative electrode arrangement is operated such that first the polarity of the material web is determined and subsequently only the required ionization electrode arrangement is activated or left active is while the respectively unnecessary ionization electrode assembly is deactivated or left in the deactivated state.
- an embodiment in which the polarity of the material web is determined during a learning phase and the required active ionization of the electrode arrangement with an unpulsed DC voltage is operated in a subsequent working phase is particularly advantageous.
- both ionization electrode arrangements can be operated alternately with pulsed DC voltage in order to be able to produce a certain deionization or neutralization of the material web already during the learning phase. In principle, however, it is also possible to leave both ionization electrode arrangements deactivated during the learning phase in order to activate only the required ionization electrode arrangement for the working phase.
- a neutralization current of the respective active ionization electrode arrangement can be monitored, in which case, depending on the determined neutralization current, it is then automatically possible to switch over to another operating mode, in particular into the learning phase.
- a quiescent current of at least one of the two ionization electrode arrangements and / or of the sensor electrode arrangement can be measured.
- the current state of the antistatic device can be evaluated. For example, depending on the measured quiescent current, electrode erosion and / or electrode contamination can be detected.
- the two active electrode arrangements are initially operated with a predetermined output pulse width ratio of positive current pulses to negative current pulses.
- the two active electrode arrangements are provided with at least one transitional layer. Pulse width ratio of positive current pulses to negative current pulses are operated, wherein in this at least one transition pulse width ratio in comparison to the output pulse width ratio, the current pulses required to neutralize the material web are extended, while the unneeded current pulses are shortened accordingly.
- the output pulse width ratio may be 50:50, so that the positive current pulses are the same length as the negative current pulses.
- a transition pulse width ratio of 75:25 may be initially set, in which case the positive current pulses are extended in time, while the negative current pulses are correspondingly shortened secondarily.
- the unneeded high voltage source is deactivated, for example, the negative high voltage source, further switched from pulsed operation in an unpulsed operation, which ultimately leads to a working pulse width ratio of 100: 0 in the example mentioned.
- FIG. 1 shows a greatly simplified view of a production plant in the area of an antistatic device
- 3 is a voltage-time diagram for illustrating different phases of operation of the antistatic device
- FIG 8 and 9 are each a plan view of a substrate, in various embodiments.
- a production plant 1 in which a material web 2 is moved in a direction of movement 3, comprises at least one antistatic device 4 with the aid of which an electrostatic charge on the material web 2 can be reduced and preferably eliminated.
- an electrostatic charge on the material web 2 can be reduced and preferably eliminated.
- five positive charge units 5 are indicated, which form the material web 2 due to production.
- five negative charge units 6 are indicated, which are generated with the aid of the antistatic device 4 and effect a neutralization of the five positive charge units 5.
- the material web 3 is charge-free or charge-neutral with respect to its direction of movement 3 after the antistatic device 4.
- the antistatic device 4 comprises an active positive electrode arrangement 7, an active negative electrode arrangement 8 and, in the example shown, also a sensor electrode arrangement 9.
- the positive electrode arrangement 7 has a plurality of active acicular individual positive electrodes 10 to which a series resistor 11 is assigned in FIG and which are electrically connected to a positive high voltage source 12.
- the negative electrode arrangement 8 has a plurality of active needle-shaped individual negative electrodes 13 to which, according to FIG. 2, a respective series resistor 14 is assigned and which are electrically connected to a negative high-voltage source 15.
- the sensor electrode arrangement 9 comprises a plurality of needle-shaped individual sensor electrodes 16 to which individual series resistors 17 are assigned in FIG. 2 and which are electrically connected to a grounding 19.
- the mass 19 is normally a grounding.
- the positive electrode arrangement 7 and the negative electrode arrangement 8 can also be referred to as ionization electrode arrangements 7, 8. In principle, this sensor electrode arrangement 9 can also be dispensed with in another embodiment.
- a controller 18 cooperates with a sensor 20, with the aid of which a polarity of a neutralization current of the sensor electrode assembly 9 during operation of the antistatic device 4 can be detected.
- the controller 18 is used to control the high voltage sources 12, 15 and is coupled to the sensor 20 in a suitable manner.
- the sensor 20 is integrated into the controller 18.
- the controller 18 may include a corresponding microprocessor 21.
- FIG. 2 also shows a plurality of measuring resistors 22, via which the electrode arrangements 7, 8, 9 and the high-voltage sources 12, 15 are connected to the grounding 19, parallel sensor lines 23 being guided to the control 18 or leading to the sensor system 20. which can detect the flowing currents via its grounding 19.
- the polarity of the charge of the material web 3 can thus be detected via the sensor system 20 in conjunction with the sensor electrode arrangement 9 via the polarity of the neutralization current of the sensor electrode arrangement 9. Since the sensor electrodes 16 are connected to the ground 19 via their series resistors 17 and the measuring resistor 22, the sensor electrode assembly 9 operates like a passive neutralizing electrode arrangement, whereby a neutralization current flows when the material web 2 is charged accordingly. By determining the polarity of the neutralization current, the polarity of the charge on the material web 2 can be detected. If there is no sensor electrode arrangement 9, the polarity of the material web 2 can also be determined on the basis of the neutralization currents which flow off at the active electrode arrangements 7, 8 and can be detected by the sensor system 18. If, for example, a larger neutralization current flows on the positive electrode arrangement 7, it may well be assumed that the material web 2 is negatively polarized. During the determination of the polarization of the material web 2, both active electrode arrangements 7, 8 are activated in this case.
- the controller 18 can now deactivate the respectively unnecessary active electrode arrangement 7, 8 as a function of the determined polarity.
- the polarity of the neutralization current of the sensor electrode assembly 9 be negative, which speaks for a negative charge of the web 2.
- the controller 18 activates the positive high voltage source 12 and thus the positive electrode assembly 7.
- the negative high voltage source 15 and thus the negative electrode assembly 8 are deactivated.
- the controller 18 deactivates the positive high voltage source 12 and thus deactivates the positive electrode assembly 7 while simultaneously activating the negative high voltage source 15 and activating the negative electrode assembly 8.
- the controller 18 preferably controls the respective activated high-voltage source 12 or 15 at least during a working phase so that an unpulsed DC voltage is applied to the respective active electrode arrangement 7, 8, which is preferably also constant.
- the controller 18 is designed or programmed accordingly.
- the abscissa defines a time axis t, while the ordinate indicates the voltage U at the active electrode assemblies 7, 8.
- the voltage characteristic of the positive electrode arrangement 7 is found, while in the negative section of the ordinate, the voltage profile of the negative electrode arrangement 8 is reproduced.
- the time axis t is subdivided into a learning phase 24 and a working phase 25.
- the controller 18 causes, for example, the positive high voltage source 12 to supply the positive electrode arrangement 7 with positive voltage pulses 26.
- the negative electrode assembly 8 becomes negative negative voltage source 15 from the negative high voltage source 15 27 supplies.
- the positive voltage pulses 26 and the negative voltage pulses 27 are phase-offset relative to one another in time such that a kind of square-wave AC voltage is present across both active electrode arrangements 7, 8.
- the positive voltage pulses 26 are positioned simultaneously with gaps 28 that lie between adjacent negative voltage pulses 27.
- the negative voltage pulses 27 are also positioned so that they are simultaneously positioned to gaps 29 between adjacent positive voltage pulses 26.
- the controller 18 determines the polarity of the neutralization current of the sensor electrode assembly 9.
- a positive polarity is detected, so that at a time ti from the learning phase 24 to the working phase 25 is changed .
- the positive high voltage source 12 is deactivated, so that there is no longer any voltage supply to the positive electrode arrangement 7.
- the negative high-voltage source 15 is driven in such a way that it generates an unpulsed DC negative voltage 30 from said instant ti.
- both ionization electrode arrangements 7, 8 are deactivated during the learning phase 24. As soon as a neutralization current with stable polarity can be detected via the sensor electrode arrangement 9, the respectively required ionization electrode arrangement 7, 8 can then be activated via the controller 18.
- the neutralization current of the respectively active electrode arrangement 7, 8 can be permanently monitored.
- the neutralization current of the activated negative electrode arrangement 8 is monitored in the working phase 25. If irregularities or predetermined events occur within this neutralization current sen, the controller 18 can change from the current mode to another mode. Suitably, the controller 18 changes from the working phase 25 back to the learning phase 24, in which both high voltage sources 12, 15 are active and expediently act on the two active electrode assemblies 7, 8 with pulsed DC voltage 26, 27.
- a degree of electrode erosion and / or a degree of electrode contamination can also be monitored.
- the monitoring of the quiescent current is expediently carried out during a diagnostic phase which is active, for example, every time or is switched on when the material web 2 is approached, for example after a material web change.
- a diagnostic phase which is active, for example, every time or is switched on when the material web 2 is approached, for example after a material web change.
- the material web 2 or the web of material 2 is stationary, no or only a very small amount of static charge can occur, so that, in particular, no ion currents of one of the active ionization electrodes 7, 8 to the material web are formed.
- ion flows occur between the negative electrode arrangement 8 and the positive electrode arrangement 7 and between the sensor electrode arrangement 9 and at least one of the ionization electrode arrangements 7, 8 via the air.
- These quiescent currents vary significantly depending on contamination and correlate also with the erosion of the electrodes 10, 13, 16 or with the erosion of the tips of the electrodes 10, 13, 16.
- the positive electrode arrangement 7, the negative electrode arrangement 8 and the sensor electrode arrangement 9 can be arranged in or on a common bar-shaped electrode carrier 31.
- the Electrode carrier 31 has a positive terminal 32 for connecting the positive electrode assembly 7 to the positive high voltage source 12, a negative terminal 33 for connecting the negative electrode assembly 8 to the negative high voltage source 15, and a sensor terminal 34 for connecting the sensor electrode assembly 9 to the sensor 20.
- the electrode carrier 31 may have a partition wall 35, which may be configured in particular electrically insulating and which extends between the two active electrode assemblies 7, 8 on the one hand and the sensor electrode assembly 9 on the other.
- the dividing wall 35 can be designed such that it protrudes in the direction of the material web 2 via the electrodes 10, 13, 16 or via their tips.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment with three separate electrode rows 36, 37, 38, which are positioned one behind the other in the mounted state of the antistatic device 4 with respect to the direction of movement 3 of the material web 2, wherein the rows 36, 37, 38 extend transversely to the direction of movement 3 ,
- Fig. 5 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment, in which the positive electrodes 10 and the negative electrodes 13 are arranged in a common straight row of electrodes 39 side by side, in such a way that they alternate. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 thus only two rows of electrodes 38, 39 can be seen.
- a single electrode row 40 is provided, in which the positive electrodes 10, the negative electrodes 13 and the sensor electrodes 16 are arranged alternately side by side.
- the sequence in which the various electrodes 10, 13, 16 alternate in this electrode row 40 is indicated only by way of example in FIG. 6, so that another type of alternation or sequence can also be realized.
- the antistatic device 4 presented here operates only with an active electrode arrangement 7 or 8 during operation, also with respect to the direction of movement 3 of the material web 2, no particularly large distance between the electrode arrangements 7, 8 must be maintained.
- the two active electrode assemblies 7, 8 in the direction of movement 3 of the material web 2 have a distance 50 from each other that is smaller than an extension 51 of the antistatic device 4 or the electrode carrier 31 across the material web 2 or smaller than one Segment 52, which are spaced apart from one another by a first electrode 10 'and a last electrode 10 "of an electrode group comprising at least five electrodes 10 arranged next to one another within one of the electrode arrangements 7, 8.
- FIG individual electrodes 10 In the example of FIG individual electrodes 10.
- the electrode group can also have more than five, eg ten, electrodes 10.
- Such a compact design can also be realized if the active electrode arrangements 7, 8 are arranged in separate electrode carriers, as long as the above in mentioned small distances in the direction of movement 3 of the web 2 are met.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section through an U-shaped electrode carrier 31, which in the example contains only one row of electrodes. This may be the Positive electrode row 36 or around the negative electrode row 37 or around the sensor electrode row 38 or around the common electrode row 39 or even around the common electrode row 40.
- the respective electrode 10, 13, 16 is attached to a substrate 41, which is embedded in an electrically insulating material 42.
- the electrode carrier 31 also includes a high voltage conductor 43 which is electrically connected to the respective terminal 32, 33 or 34.
- the high-voltage conductor 43 may be formed as a carbon fiber composite body and serves here for stiffening the electrode carrier 31st In the example, the carbon fiber composite body is band-shaped and flat and configured with a rectangular profile.
- the substrate 41 to which the electrode 10, 13, 16, which can not be seen in FIG. 8, is attached, comprises a carrier material 44 onto which a resistance path 45 made of a resistance paste 46 is printed. Furthermore, two contact zones 47 in the region of the ends of the resistance path 45 are printed on the carrier material 44, such that the resistance path 45 is electrically contacted at its ends with the two contact zones 47.
- the carrier material 44 is expediently a plastic material.
- this plastic material is FR4, which is used for example for the production of circuit boards.
- the plastic material may also be polyester or PEEK or polyimide.
- the resistor paste 46 is a polymer paste.
- a paint system of epoxy resin is used, wherein in the epoxy resin electrically conductive particles and electrically non-conductive particles are embedded.
- the ratio of electrically conductive particles to electrically non-conductive particles and the density of the particles within the epoxy resin determines the electrical resistance of the resistor track 45 produced with the aid of the polymer paste.
- Electrically conductive particles are, for example, carbon black or graphite.
- Electrically non-conductive particles are, for example, titanium oxide (TiO) and aluminum oxide. oxide (AI2O3).
- the substrate 41 can be manufactured with resistance values of 100 kQ to 100 GQ.
- the substrate 41 can be used in voltage ranges from 1 KV to 150 KV.
- the substrate 41 has a power consumption of a maximum of 1 W. Depending on the size of the substrate 1, the power consumption may in principle be greater than 1 W.
- carrier material 44 Since a plastic material is used as carrier material 44, comparatively thin carrier materials 44 can also be realized whose thickness is less than 1 mm or less than 0.1 mm. Depending on the plastic material, a flexible carrier material 44 can then also be realized. In particular, the substrate 41 can then be realized as a film carrier. This film carrier is also referred to as 41 below.
- the contact zones 47 can be used to attach, on the one hand, said electrode 10, 13, 16 and, on the other hand, an electrical connection to the film carrier 41.
- the respective connection and the respective electrode 10, 13, 16 can be soldered to the respective contact zone 47, for example. It is also possible to crimp the terminals or the electrodes 10, 13, 16 with the contact zones 47.
- electrical contacts can also be realized by attaching a bond or coating using an electrically conductive adhesive or an electrically conductive paint.
- a plug connection or clamp connection is conceivable.
- the film carrier 41 may also be provided with a protective layer 48 made of a plastic which is designed to be electrically insulating and which is applied to the film carrier 41 in such a way that it covers at least the resistance paste 46 or the resistance path 45.
- the entire carrier material 44 preferably with the recess of the electrical contact zones 47, be coated with said electrical insulating protective layer 48.
- the electrical contact zones 47 can be printed on the carrier material 44.
- the contact zones 47 can be baked.
- the stoving of the contact zones 47 may be performed, for example, in a temperature range of about 150 ° C to about 220 ° C inclusive.
- the electrical contact zones 47 can be produced, for example, from conductive silver, which can preferably be realized on a polymeric epoxy resin base.
- the respective resistor track 45 can be printed on the carrier material 44. After printing on the resistor track 45, the baking of the resistor track 45 takes place.
- the baking process for the resistor track 45 can be carried out in a temperature range from approximately 150 ° C. to approximately 240 ° C. inclusive.
- an injection process can also be carried out with the aid of which the insulation layer 48 is applied.
- the insulation layer 48 covers at least the resistance path 45.
- the insulation layer 48 can also cover the contact zones 47.
- the injection process for applying the insulation layer 48 is preferably designed as a low-temperature injection process, which is carried out at less than 200 ° C.
- the printing of the contact zone 47 and / or the resistance path 45 is expediently carried out by means of a screen printing process.
- a polymer paste as a resistance paste 46 makes it possible to carry out the baking of the resistance layer web 45 at comparatively low temperatures, so that a plastic can be used for the carrier material 44.
- the film carrier 41 is extremely inexpensive.
- the production process is also comparatively inexpensive, since only relatively low stoving temperatures have to be realized, so that the energy required for producing the stoving temperatures or for carrying out the stoving processes is also comparatively low. ring is.
- Particularly useful is an embodiment of the method in which on a sheet of carrier material 44 at the same time a plurality of film carriers 41 is produced, which are then separated by cutting or punching. In this way, by simultaneously printing a plurality of contact zones 47 and / or a plurality of resistance paths 45, the time for producing the individual film carriers 41 can be significantly reduced.
- the film carrier 41 shown in Fig. 8 is suitable for arranging a single electrode 10, 13, 16. It is clear that e.g. 9 in other embodiments, a plurality of electrodes 10, 13, 16 may be arranged on such a film carrier 41, wherein on the film carrier 41 then a corresponding number of series resistors 1 1, 14, 17 may be printed in the form of resistor tracks 45. It is also possible to provide a common foil carrier 41 for all positive electrodes 10, which carries all the series resistors 11 in the form of the resistance paths 45. The same also applies to a common foil carrier 41 for all negative electrodes 13 with the corresponding series resistors 14. This also applies to a common foil carrier 41 for all sensor electrodes 16 and the associated series resistors 17 in the form of resistance paths 45. Likewise, basically any mixed forms are conceivable.
- the film carrier 41 it is possible to print on the carrier material 44 a multiplicity of resistance paths 45 made of resistance paste 46. Furthermore, a corresponding number of contact zones 47 can also be printed, for example to contact the electrodes 10, 13 or 16. If the electrodes 10, 13, 16 are assigned to the same electrode arrangement 7, 8, 9, then all the resistance paths 45 can be electrically interconnected via a common contact track 49. be bound, whereby the contact track 49 is printed according to the contact zones 47. Particularly useful is now an embodiment in which the film carrier 41 is made of a flexible material. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the film carrier 41 with the resistor tracks 45, the contact zones 47 and the contact track 49 is made as a continuous material. By cutting to length each required number of electrodes required for the particular application film carrier 41 can be customized.
- the film carrier 41 on both sides.
- the positive electrode arrangement 7 can be realized on the front side of the film carrier 41 facing the observer in FIG. 9 by applying the series resistors 11 of the positive electrodes 10 in the form of the resistance paths 45 to the front side of the film carrier 41.
- the resistance paths 45 for realizing the series resistors 14 of the negative electrode arrangement 8 can then be applied to the rear side of the film carrier 41 facing away from the observer.
- the two-sided printing of the film carrier 41 may suitably take place such that in the longitudinal direction of the film carrier 41 positive electrodes 10 and negative electrodes 1 1 alternate.
- the printed conductor tracks 49 can be positioned so that a short circuit through the carrier material 44 can be avoided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011007136A DE102011007136A1 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Anti-static device and associated operating method |
PCT/EP2012/056414 WO2012139996A1 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2012-04-10 | Antistatic device and associated operating method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2697875A1 true EP2697875A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
EP2697875B1 EP2697875B1 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP12714667.8A Active EP2697875B1 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2012-04-10 | Antistatic device and associated operating method |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US10476240B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2697875B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011007136A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2602166T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2697875T (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012139996A1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102015000800B3 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2016-06-30 | Franz Knopf | Emission tip assembly and method of operation |
DE202016101601U1 (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-06-27 | Christa Dettke | Winding device for winding a substantially insulating web material |
JP7101239B2 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2022-07-14 | 株式会社エー・アンド・デイ | Electronic balance and static elimination method for electronic balance |
DE102018108485B4 (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2023-02-16 | Gema Switzerland Gmbh | WINDING MACHINE FOR SHEET MATERIALS |
DE102019112335B4 (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2022-12-22 | Gema Switzerland Gmbh | Ionization device with a high voltage resistance arrangement |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4951172A (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1990-08-21 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for regulating air ionization |
DE19711342C2 (en) | 1997-03-18 | 1999-01-21 | Eltex Elektrostatik Gmbh | Active discharge electrode |
US5930105A (en) | 1997-11-10 | 1999-07-27 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for air ionization |
US6130815A (en) | 1997-11-10 | 2000-10-10 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for monitoring of air ionization |
US6646853B2 (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2003-11-11 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Current control of a power supply for an ionizer |
US6674630B1 (en) | 2001-09-06 | 2004-01-06 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Simultaneous neutralization and monitoring of charge on moving material |
JP3851583B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2006-11-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Knock control device for internal combustion engine |
US7679026B1 (en) | 2004-04-08 | 2010-03-16 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Multi-frequency static neutralization of moving charged objects |
JP3750817B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2006-03-01 | ヒューグルエレクトロニクス株式会社 | Static eliminator |
DE202005012290U1 (en) | 2005-08-02 | 2005-10-13 | Metallux Ag | High voltage electrode arrangement, has individual electrodes joined together or in groups by electrically conducting adhesive |
US8039789B2 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2011-10-18 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Method and apparatus for self calibrating meter movement for ionization power supplies |
JP5002451B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2012-08-15 | 株式会社キーエンス | Static eliminator |
DE102009033827B3 (en) | 2009-07-18 | 2011-03-17 | Thomas Ludwig | Unloading device for contactless dismantling of electrostatic loads on isolating materials, comprises electrode, which is attached on positive and negative high voltage source |
-
2011
- 2011-04-11 DE DE102011007136A patent/DE102011007136A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-04-10 ES ES12714667.8T patent/ES2602166T3/en active Active
- 2012-04-10 EP EP12714667.8A patent/EP2697875B1/en active Active
- 2012-04-10 US US14/111,139 patent/US10476240B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-10 PT PT127146678T patent/PT2697875T/en unknown
- 2012-04-10 WO PCT/EP2012/056414 patent/WO2012139996A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2012139996A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102011007136A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
PT2697875T (en) | 2016-11-14 |
EP2697875B1 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
US20180191139A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
WO2012139996A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
US10476240B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 |
ES2602166T3 (en) | 2017-02-17 |
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