EP2695994B1 - Véhicule de chantier autopropulsé - Google Patents

Véhicule de chantier autopropulsé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2695994B1
EP2695994B1 EP13003912.6A EP13003912A EP2695994B1 EP 2695994 B1 EP2695994 B1 EP 2695994B1 EP 13003912 A EP13003912 A EP 13003912A EP 2695994 B1 EP2695994 B1 EP 2695994B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
edge protector
self
ground surface
accordance
construction machine
Prior art date
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EP13003912.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2695994A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Berning
Hanjo Held
Philip Verhaelen
Cyrus Dr. Barimani
Günter Dr. Hähn
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E01C23/127—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus rotary, e.g. rotary hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-propelled construction machine, in particular road milling machine, stabilizer, recycler or surface miner, with a machine frame and a work roll, wherein the work roll is arranged in a downwardly open roll housing, which is closed on both sides by an adjustable height edge protection , Moreover, the invention relates to a method for operating such a construction machine.
  • the above-mentioned construction machines have a rotating work roll for processing soil material, which may be a milling or cutting roll.
  • a rotating work roll for processing soil material which may be a milling or cutting roll.
  • work roll z For example, damaged road layers are removed, existing road surfaces are reconditioned, the terrain is prepared for road construction or minerals are mined.
  • the work roll of the known self-propelled construction machines is arranged in a downwardly open roll housing, which is closed by a working direction in front of the work roll arranged hold-down and a working direction behind the roller arranged scraper.
  • the roller housing is closed by extending in the direction of plates, which are referred to as edge protection.
  • the edge protection of the known self-propelled construction machines is adjustable in height.
  • a device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection is provided.
  • the lowering of the edge protection can be done alone under the effect of the weight of the edge protection or be supported by an additional pressure force. In both cases, the edge protection exerts a pressure force on the soil surface.
  • the edge protection stands with its lower edge on the ground surface.
  • the device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection is actuated by the machine operator in particular when the work roll is to be made accessible. During operation of the construction machine, however, the edge protection is always lowered. Therefore, self-propelled construction machines have a circuit that does not allow the edge protection to be locked in the raised position during operation of the machine.
  • the operation of the machine is characterized by a floating bearing of the edge protection, in which the edge protection rests on the ground surface with a defined pressure force.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a self-propelled construction machine, especially road milling machine, stabilizer, recycler or surface miner, in which there is no risk of digging the edge protection in loose ground and allows a more user-friendly and ergonomic operation.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method by which a self-propelled construction machine can be operated user friendly and ergonomic and without the risk of digging the edge protection in loose ground.
  • the construction machine according to the invention has a device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection, which provides a floating position in which the edge protection is floating, so that the height of the edge protection can automatically adjust. This allows the edge protection to follow the terrain surface during operation of the machine.
  • the Device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection basically in the floating position.
  • the construction machine has a control unit for the means for raising and / or lowering the edge protector, the means for detecting the distance between a reference point on the edge protector and the ground surface and means for driving the means for raising and / or lowering the edge protector having.
  • the control unit is designed such that when falling below a predetermined minimum distance between the reference point and the bottom surface, the device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection is switched from the floating position, so that the edge protection is raised.
  • the predetermined minimum distance between the reference point and the ground surface should be dimensioned such that the edge protection rests on the ground surface and seals the roll housing laterally.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the control unit is designed such that when reaching or exceeding a predetermined minimum distance between the reference point and the bottom surface, the device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection is controlled such that it again assumes the floating position.
  • the automatic control of the edge protection has the decisive advantage that during operation it does not constantly observe the height of the edge protector and does not have to correct it. This is advantageous in that the height of the edge protector is difficult to assess from the control station and digging in of the edge protector is not always recognizable.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the means for detecting the distance between the reference point and the bottom surface of a probe element for sensing the soil surface.
  • the probe element is attached to the edge protector in such a way that the probe element is deflected when it falls below a predetermined minimum distance between the reference point and the bottom surface.
  • the means for driving the means for raising and / or lowering the edge protector comprise a sensor with which the deflection of the probe element is detected when digging the edge protector into the ground surface.
  • the sensor for detecting the deflection of the probe element is preferably a proximity switch, which operates without contact in order to minimize the risk of interference.
  • the control of the device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection preferably provides a switching hysteresis, so that the edge protection is actuated only when the respective reference values are exceeded or undershot by a predetermined amount.
  • This switching hysteresis can be realized in that the lower edge of the probe element is not flush with the lower edge of the edge protection, but is arranged by a predetermined amount above the lower edge edge.
  • a switching hysteresis can also be realized in the control unit.
  • the feeler element for scanning the ground surface is preferably designed as a resilient feeler element, which can yield when hitting obstacles.
  • the probe element can also be rigid. In a rigid embodiment of the probe element, the probe element can be articulated or resiliently mounted.
  • the probe element has a helical tension spring whose spring wire continues at one end of the spring into a rod-shaped portion which is bent relative to the axis of the spring.
  • the spring wire of the coil spring continues into the rod-shaped portion to form a bent portion projecting beyond the diameter of the spring and extending in a direction opposite to the rod-shaped portion.
  • This section extending in the opposite direction preferably forms the part of the probe element which is detected by the proximity switch. A deflection of the probe element causes the distance of this section to the proximity switch decreases or increases.
  • the means for raising and / or lowering the edge protection is formed.
  • only one device for lifting a loosely guided or suspended edge protection can be provided, which rests on the ground surface due to its weight, so that the edge protection is mounted floating.
  • the means for raising and / or lowering the edge protector has at least one piston / cylinder arrangement, the cylinder hinged to the machine frame and the piston hinged to the edge protector or the cylinder hinged to the edge protector and the piston hinged to the machine frame connected is. This piston / cylinder arrangement is controlled in such a way that the edge protection is mounted in a floating manner.
  • the helical tension spring is preferably arranged on the edge protector such that the rod-shaped section extends along a longitudinal side of the edge protector. This makes it possible to place the rod-shaped section on one or the other side of the edge protector. For example, the rod-shaped portion can be placed on the inside of the edge protector to ride flush with the edge protector along an obstacle to which the rod-shaped portion could otherwise strike.
  • the sensing element may be formed as an actuator of a hydraulic valve for driving the piston / cylinder arrangement of the device for raising and / or lowering the edge protection.
  • a further alternative embodiment of the invention provides that the means for detecting the distance between the reference point and the ground surface have a sensor measuring the distance to the ground surface without contact.
  • the sensor may be an ultrasonic sensor.
  • Fig. 1 shows in side view an embodiment of a road milling machine, which is a small milling machine.
  • the road milling machine has a machine frame 1, which is supported by a chassis 2.
  • the chassis 2 has a front wheel 3A and two rear wheels 3B.
  • Only the right rear wheel 3B can be seen in working direction A.
  • the chassis can also have, for example, chain drives instead of wheels.
  • the milling machine has a work roll, which is a milling drum.
  • a work roll which is a milling drum.
  • Unrecognizable milling drum is arranged in a milling drum housing 4.
  • the milling drum housing 4 is closed by an edge protection 5.
  • edge protection 5 In Fig. 1 Only the right in the direction A edge protection 5 can be seen.
  • the machine frame 1 of the milling machine is adjustable to lifting columns 10 relative to the surface 11 of the bottom 12 in height.
  • Fig. 2 shows a representation of the milling machine, wherein the rear right wheel 3B and the rear right lifting column 10 is not shown, so that the right edge protection 5 is exposed.
  • the edge protector 5 is formed by a metal plate which extends in the working direction A. Since the left and right edge protectors have the same structure, only the right edge protector 5 will be described below with reference to FIG Fig. 3 described.
  • the edge protection 5 is adjustable between stops (not shown) in height relative to the bottom surface 11. In this case, the edge protector 5 is mounted slightly pendulum between the attacks.
  • the height adjustment of the edge protector 5 takes place with a device 13, which has a piston / cylinder arrangement 14, whose cylinder 14A is articulated on the machine frame 1 and whose piston 14B is articulated on the edge protector 5.
  • a device 13 which has a piston / cylinder arrangement 14, whose cylinder 14A is articulated on the machine frame 1 and whose piston 14B is articulated on the edge protector 5.
  • the piston / cylinder arrangement 13 is actuated by a hydraulic unit 15, in the Fig. 3 is shown only schematically.
  • the components required for this purpose such as hydraulic lines, hydraulic valves, etc., are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the device 13 for raising and / or lowering the edge protector 5 provides a floating position in which the edge protector is mounted or suspended in such a way that the edge protector 5 is pulled over the ground during the advancement of the construction machine, the edge protector 5 always having the tendency to to lower oneself.
  • the edge protection with a defined pressure force on the bottom surface 11, which correspond to the weight of the edge protection or greater or smaller than the weight can be the hydraulic unit 15 is designed for this purpose, that the edge protection slowly lowers until the edge protection with the defined pressure force rests floating on the ground surface.
  • the milling drum housing 4 always remains sealed at the sides.
  • the device 13 for raising and / or lowering the edge protector can also be operated such that the piston-cylinder arrangement raises the edge protector.
  • control unit 16 for the means for raising and / or lowering the edge protection will be described in detail.
  • the control unit 16 comprises means with which the distance a between a reference point R on the edge protector 5 and the ground surface 11 can be detected.
  • the control unit 16 comprises means for controlling the device 13 for raising and / or lowering the edge protection as a function of the distance a between the reference point 12 and the bottom surface 11.
  • the means described above comprise a resilient sensing element 17 and a preferably inductive or capacitive proximity switch 18 (FIG. Fig. 4 ).
  • the resilient sensing element 17 has a helical tension spring 17A.
  • the spring wire of the helical tension spring 17A is bent at one end to form a semicircular portion 17B, and the semicircular portion 17B continues into a rod-shaped portion 17C extending in the opposite direction as the semicircular portion 17B ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the free end of the rod-shaped portion 17C is bent over.
  • the feeler element 17 scans the bottom surface 11.
  • the stylus 17 is disposed at the upper front end of the edge protector 5, with the rod-shaped portion 17C of the stylus 17 following the front contour of the edge protector.
  • the rod-shaped portion 17C is bent between the ends.
  • the helical tension spring 17A of the sensing element 17 is seated in a cylindrical bore 19 of a housing 20 which is fixed to the upper front end of the edge protector 5.
  • the housing 20 consists of two housing halves 20A and 20B, between which the helical tension spring 17A of the probe element 17 is clamped.
  • Above the helical tension spring 17A is located in the housing 20 of the inductive or capacitive proximity switch 18.
  • the proximity switch 18 is arranged such that the sensitive area facing the bent portion 17B of the probe element.
  • the edge protector is pulled over the ground due to the floating bearing, with the feeler element 17 sliding on the bottom surface with the bent end piece 17D or being arranged close above the bottom surface 11.
  • a predetermined distance a is defined between the reference point R and the ground surface 11.
  • the edge protection 5 is raised until the predetermined minimum distance a is reached or exceeded again, so that the feeler element 17 returns to the starting position, in which the proximity switch is not actuated, for example is open. Consequently, the lower edge of the edge protector is again at the level of the ground surface. If the proximity switch is not actuated, for example, is open, the floating position is again specified, so that the edge protection is pulled again with the defined contact pressure on the soil surface. This pressure force should be such that the edge protection does not dig in sufficiently hard ground.
  • FIG. 12 shows an alternative embodiment of the control unit 16, which differs from that described with reference to FIGS 3 and 4 described embodiment differs in that instead of a mechanical probe element, a contactless distance measurement, for example by means of an ultrasonic sensor 21 for detecting the distance a between the reference point R and the bottom surface 11 is provided.
  • a contactless distance measurement for example by means of an ultrasonic sensor 21 for detecting the distance a between the reference point R and the bottom surface 11 is provided.
  • the evaluation of the distance signal of the ultrasonic sensor belongs to the prior art.
  • Fig. 7 shows a further alternative embodiment of the control unit 16.
  • the sensing element is an actuator 22 of a hydraulic valve 23, which in Fig. 7 is shown only schematically.
  • the hydraulic valve 23 is a valve of the hydraulic unit 15, with which the piston / cylinder assembly 14 is controlled.
  • the piston 14B of the piston / cylinder assembly 14 is retracted, so that the edge protection 5 is raised.
  • Fig. 8 shows a further alternative embodiment of the control unit 16 in a schematic representation, which has a hinged at a pivot point 24, rigid probe element 25 which is resiliently biased to the bottom surface 11.
  • the deflection of the probe element 25 is detected by a switch 26 shown only schematically.
  • the rotational position of the probe element can also be detected by a rotary encoder or the like, wherein a control signal proportional to the distance between the reference point and the floor surface is generated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Machine de chantier autotractée, en particulier fraiseuse de route, stabilisatrice, recycleuse ou surface-miner avec un bâti de machine (1) et un rouleau de travail pour le traitement du matériau de sol, le rouleau de travail étant agencé dans un boîtier de rouleau (4) ouvert vers le bas qui est fermé sur au moins un côté par une protection d'arête (5) qui peut être réglée en hauteur par un dispositif (13) pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête qui prévoit une position flottante, dans laquelle la protection d'arête est logée de manière flottante de sorte que la hauteur de la protection d'arête puisse se régler automatiquement,
    caractérisée en ce que
    une unité de commande (16) pour le dispositif (13) pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête (5) est prévue, laquelle présente des moyens (17) pour la détection de la distance (a) entre un point de référence (R) sur la protection d'arête et la surface du sol (11), et des moyens (18) pour la commande du dispositif (13) pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête, l'unité de commande étant réalisée de telle manière que lors de la non-atteinte d'une distance minimale prescrite (a) entre le point de référence et la surface du sol, le dispositif pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête soit commandé de sorte que la protection d'arête soit levée.
  2. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (16) est réalisée de telle manière que lors de l'atteinte ou du dépassement d'une distance minimale prescrite entre le point de référence et la surface du sol, le dispositif (13) pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête soit commandé de sorte que le dispositif (13) pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête occupe de nouveau la position flottante.
  3. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de détection de la distance entre un point de référence (12) sur la protection d'arête et la surface du sol (11) présentent un élément palpeur (17) pour le palpage de la surface du sol qui est fixée sur la protection d'arête (5) de telle manière que lors de la non-atteinte d'une distance minimale prescrite (a) entre le point de référence et la surface du sol, l'élément palpeur (11) soit dévié.
  4. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les moyens pour la commande du dispositif pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête présentent un capteur (18) pour la détection de la déviation de l'élément palpeur (17) lors de l'enfouissement de la protection d'arête dans le sous-sol.
  5. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le capteur pour la détection de la déviation de l'élément palpeur est un commutateur de proximité (18).
  6. Machine de chantier autotractée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'élément palpeur (17) est réalisé comme un élément palpeur à ressort.
  7. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'élément palpeur (17) présente un ressort de traction cylindrique (17A), dont le fil métallique à ressort se prolonge sur une extrémité du ressort en une section en forme de barre (17C).
  8. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le fil métallique à ressort du ressort de traction cylindrique (17A) est replié sur l'extrémité, sur laquelle le fil métallique à ressort se prolonge en la section en forme de barre, en formant une section (17B) qui s'étend dans un sens opposé à la section (17C) en forme de barre.
  9. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que le ressort de traction cylindrique (17C) est agencé sur la protection d'arête (5) de telle manière que la section (17C) en forme de barre s'étende le long d'un côté longitudinal de la protection d'arête.
  10. Machine de chantier autotractée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif (13) pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête présente au moins un agencement à piston/cylindre (14), le cylindre (14A) étant relié par articulation au bâti de machine (1) et le piston (17B) étant relié par articulation à la protection d'arête (5) ou le cylindre (14A) étant relié par articulation à la protection d'arête (5) et le piston (14B) étant relié par articulation au bâti de machine (1).
  11. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément palpeur est réalisé comme un organe d'actionnement (22) d'une soupape hydraulique (23) pour la commande du dispositif (13) pour le levage et/ou l'abaissement de la protection d'arête.
  12. Machine de chantier autotractée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de détection de la distance entre un point de référence (12) sur la protection d'arête et la surface du sol (11) présentent un capteur (21) mesurant sans contact la distance à la surface du sol, en particulier un capteur à ultrasons.
  13. Procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine de chantier autotractée, en particulier fraiseuse de route, stabilisatrice, recycleuse ou surface-miner, avec un rouleau de travail qui est agencé dans un boîtier de rouleau qui est fermé sur au moins un côté par une protection d'arête réglable en hauteur qui est logée de manière flottante de sorte que la hauteur de la protection d'arête puisse se régler automatiquement, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre un point de référence (R) sur la protection d'arête et la surface du sol (11) est détectée et lors de la non-atteinte d'une distance minimale prescrite entre le point de référence et la surface du sol, la protection d'arête est levée.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que lors de l'atteinte ou du dépassement d'une distance minimale prescrite (a) entre le point de référence (R) et la surface du sol (11), la protection d'arête est de nouveau logée de manière flottante.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que la surface du sol est palpée pour la détection de la distance entre le point de référence, et la surface du sol.
EP13003912.6A 2012-08-06 2013-08-05 Véhicule de chantier autopropulsé Active EP2695994B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012015346.5A DE102012015346A1 (de) 2012-08-06 2012-08-06 Selbstfahrende Baumaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2695994A1 EP2695994A1 (fr) 2014-02-12
EP2695994B1 true EP2695994B1 (fr) 2015-06-10

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US (1) US9016798B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2695994B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN103572693B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012015346A1 (fr)

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DE102014017892B4 (de) 2014-12-04 2019-03-21 Wirtgen Gmbh Selbstfahrende Baumaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer selbstfahrenden Baumaschine
US20160258119A1 (en) * 2015-03-03 2016-09-08 Caterpillar Inc. Automatic Rotor Speed Control
DE102015014573B4 (de) 2015-11-12 2020-03-19 Wirtgen Gmbh Selbstfahrende Bodenfräsmaschine und Verfahren zum Bearbeiten einer Verkehrsfläche
DE102016000594A1 (de) * 2016-01-21 2017-07-27 Volkmann & Rossbach Gmbh & Co. Kg Modul zum Abdecken von schutzbedürftigen Abschnitten oder Elementen auf befestigen Oberflächen
US10094078B2 (en) * 2016-03-03 2018-10-09 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. Cold planer rear door and sliding plates sealing design
DE102018010151A1 (de) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 Bomag Gmbh Verfahren zur Höhenregulierung eines Seitenschilds einer Bodenfräsmaschine und Bodenfräsmaschine
US10982396B2 (en) 2019-07-11 2021-04-20 Wirtgen Gmbh Slip form paver
DE102019127745A1 (de) 2019-10-15 2021-04-15 Wirtgen Gmbh Selbstfahrende Baumaschine
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CN203603011U (zh) 2014-05-21
US20140035343A1 (en) 2014-02-06
DE102012015346A1 (de) 2014-02-20
US9016798B2 (en) 2015-04-28
CN103572693A (zh) 2014-02-12
EP2695994A1 (fr) 2014-02-12

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