EP2692607B1 - Suspension system for a railway vehicle with releasable rigid connection between the wheels - Google Patents
Suspension system for a railway vehicle with releasable rigid connection between the wheels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2692607B1 EP2692607B1 EP13178789.7A EP13178789A EP2692607B1 EP 2692607 B1 EP2692607 B1 EP 2692607B1 EP 13178789 A EP13178789 A EP 13178789A EP 2692607 B1 EP2692607 B1 EP 2692607B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wheels
- connection
- motors
- wheel
- running gear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C9/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars
- B61C9/38—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F3/00—Types of bogies
- B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
- B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F3/00—Types of bogies
- B61F3/16—Types of bogies with a separate axle for each wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/38—Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a powered chassis for rail vehicles, especially low-floor trams.
- the coupling of left and right wheels is usually carried out by means of a wheelset axle or wheelset shaft.
- Fig. 2 shows a consisting of a wheel and an engine unit of a chassis.
- a conical part is fastened by means of a screw.
- the conical portion has a cylindrical bore that encloses a portion of a shaft so that the shaft is carried near the wheel.
- DE 102008029206 A1 discloses a chassis with rail wheels, wherein the drive of the chassis comprises an electric motor for the chassis.
- the electric motor is arranged within an axle tube of a chassis axle and drives the rail wheels connected to the axle tube.
- DE 102006044613 A1 discloses a power train, consisting of a frame with two side rails and one or two cross members on which / which wheel guide units are articulated with drive units and Rad Equipmentsritten without drive units via primary springs and swingarm bearings on the frame.
- the wheel guide units consist for example of two rockers, which are connected via a rotary bearing and form a swing unit, which is connected to the wheels bearing gear housing or the loose wheels bearing wheel bearing housing.
- EP 1065123 A2 discloses a single-wheel steering chassis with a single-wheel drive device on each of a right and left chassis frame.
- a cylindrical steering plate is disposed adjacent to an outer circumference of an engine block of an engine and coaxial with the engine block.
- a wheel is rotatably supported on an outer peripheral surface of a steering plate by a roller bearing.
- the steering plate of the right single-wheel drive device and the Steering plates of the left-hand single-wheel drive device may be connected to each other by a link mechanism such that the steering angles of rotation of the steering plates are identical.
- the invention has for its object to provide a solution to this problem.
- connection runs transversely to the direction of travel or substantially transversely to the direction of travel. Due to the interruption, the driving behavior of the chassis can be influenced and specifically changed. By interrupting or removing the interruption, the driving behavior of the chassis can be adjusted depending on the situation, as explained below.
- the rigid connection can thus during vehicle operation, ie while driving the rail vehicle, be solved or interrupted or not solved or not interrupted.
- the chassis and especially the mechanically detachable, rigid connection are designed so that the connection can be solved while driving or can not be solved.
- the driving operation can take place either in a disconnected connection or in a disconnected connection, and the vehicle is ready to travel in both cases.
- a mechanically interchangeable wheelset axle or wheelset shaft described below or a mechanically interruptible carrier described below is designed such that it can be interrupted during the driving operation or can not be interrupted. The release, or the restoration, of the connection can be made while driving or while the vehicle is at a standstill.
- connection between the wheels in the direction of view from above or from below is arranged on the chassis between the wheels, in particular between the wheel discs.
- the connection is also in the viewing direction from the front or from the rear (viewing direction in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis) between the wheels, in particular between the wheel discs arranged.
- connection can connect rotating elements of both wheels with each other and turn with the wheels.
- the connection may be configured to transmit torque or transmit no torque.
- the compound may also rotate with the wheels or not.
- the connection may be wholly or partially fixed or wholly or partially co-rotating with the wheels.
- Known suspension or bogie elements such as axles, bearings, (axle) rockers, beams, motor housings, and the like may be incorporated in the connection.
- the connection is designed so that it can be mechanically interrupted in one place or in several places, namely by one or more couplings. All the above features can be combined with each other in any combination.
- Specified is in particular a chassis of a rail vehicle, comprising transversely to the direction of each other in pairs opposite wheels, transverse to the direction of each other in pairs opposite motors which drive the wheels and each having a rotor and preferably each have a housing, the chassis a mechanically detachable, rigid Compound which is disposed between the two wheels, wherein the compound is a mechanically interruptible wheelset or axle or a mechanically interruptible carrier, in particular a cross member, and wherein the chassis has a coupling with which the rigid connection is mechanically detachable.
- the chassis is adaptable to different track conditions and to a desired driving behavior.
- the connection may be a wheelset axle or a wheelset shaft.
- a carrier which is arranged transversely to the direction of travel, at the ends of which the wheels are arranged and which, for example, connects two side members of a chassis.
- Such a carrier is also referred to as a "portal axle”.
- the wheels may, for example, be mounted on longitudinal members or in the longitudinal direction of a bogie protruding wings and the portal axle may connect the wheels together.
- the rigid connection is mechanically interrupted by one or more couplings.
- the coupling can be arranged at different locations. For example, it may be disposed at one or both ends of a wheelset axle or wheelset shaft or a carrier.
- a coupling can also be arranged within a wheelset axle, a wheelset shaft, a carrier or a gantry axle, in which case the axle, the shaft, the girder or the gantry axle is divided into partial axles, partial shafts, partial girders or partial gantries.
- the mechanically detachable rigid connection can also be referred to as a mechanically interruptible connection element.
- the mechanical interruption can be carried out in a controllable and controllable manner in relation to a frictional connection which is interrupted when interrupted.
- loose wheels Under a loose wheel is understood in the present invention, a wheel whose rotational movement is not coupled to the rotational movement of another wheel.
- loose wheels may be driven by a non-rotating axle, i. a not co-rotating with the wheels axis be connected.
- all usable from rail vehicle operation engines can be used, especially engines that are used for low-floor vehicles. It is possible, for example, to use electric asynchronous motors which may be provided with a gear and coupling elements in order to transmit power to the driven wheel. Preference is given to the use of an electric motor with high standstill torque and high drive torque, wherein an electric synchronous motor, in particular a permanently excited synchronous motor is particularly preferred. Such motors are known in the art. High standstill and drive torques allow the elimination of a transmission and other coupling elements and the electric machine can be connected directly to the wheel or the drive axle of the wheel. It can thus be dispensed with the use of a transmission to increase or reduce the drive torque by different translations.
- a transmission may be used for a different purpose to overcome engine-to-drive axis distances.
- the design of optimized electrical machines with high standstill and drive torques also allows a compact installation space, so that the drive imposes no restrictions on the seating or the passage widths for the passenger compartment.
- the landing gear may be a bogie or part of a bogie, or it may be attached to the underframe or body of a rail vehicle in any other known manner.
- the chassis has two supports oriented parallel or substantially parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction (also referred to as longitudinal members), on which the guidance and mounting of the wheels is realized.
- rockers which are connected to the longitudinal members.
- a rocker is preferably pivotably articulated to a longitudinal beam, in particular pivotally articulated at least over a horizontal and preferably transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis.
- the longitudinal members, and optionally the wings, are arranged on the right and left of the vehicle longitudinal axis.
- the wheels associated motors are placed in the variant 1 on the inside of the carrier or the wings, d. H. in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis or in the direction of the vehicle center with the output axis normal to the vehicle longitudinal axis.
- an inner bearing When storing the wheels, a distinction is made between an inner bearing and an outer bearing.
- the wheel bearing In the inner bearing, the wheel bearing is viewed from the wheel disc in the direction of the inside, i. arranged in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis.
- the inner bearing is used for example in a standard gauge.
- the wheel bearing In the outer storage, the wheel bearing is viewed from the wheel disc in the direction of the outside of the vehicle.
- the motor is preferably fixedly connected to the rocker.
- the wheel bearing is preferably in the rocker.
- the engine is preferably mounted on the output shaft to which the wheel is also torque-tight.
- the output shaft is preferably mounted in the rocker.
- the motor, in particular its housing, is then preferably connected to the rocker via a torque support.
- the preferred kinematic solution in the variant 1 and the outer bearing is thus such that the motor output shaft rotatably drives the wheel, said wave is also the wheel bearing and stored in the rocker.
- the motor is permanently connected to the rocker arm.
- the chassis has side members, to which preferably wings are connected, as indicated above.
- these are integrated with motors in the carriers or in the wings.
- the integrated into the carrier or swing motors simultaneously serve to guide and support the respective associated wheel.
- the motor is flush with the surface of the carrier or the surface of the rocker on the side facing the wheel essentially flush.
- the motor preferably ends flush with the surface of the carrier or the surface of the rocker on the side facing away from the wheel or substantially flush.
- the rocker may also be adapted to the primary cushioning of the wheel, as known in bogies and suspensions.
- the chassis according to the invention can be used for normal, wide gauge as well as for narrow gauge trolleys, which can be achieved by a suitable arrangement of motors and wheels. Examples of this are given in the exemplary embodiments.
- the mechanically releasable rigid connection connects the rotors of two motors, which lie opposite each other in pairs in relation to the direction of travel, with each other.
- the shafts or drive axles of the motors are connected to each other directly or indirectly, eg via further shaft parts.
- the connection may be a wheelset shaft which has at least two shaft parts which are connected to a coupling. At the location of the coupling, the connection is solvable.
- the wheelset shaft may be composed of two half-shafts, which are coupled together by means of the coupling.
- the two shaft parts or the two half-waves can be identical to the rotor shafts of the two motors.
- An advantage of a loose-wheel drive is the reduction of longitudinal, in combination with cross-slip conditions at the wheel-rail interface in narrow bends, which lead to curve squeaks and wear.
- a not running with the wheels connection which connects the motors or parts thereof.
- non-rotating parts of both motors in particular the housing of the motors, can be connected to one another with the connection.
- non-rotating parts, in particular motor housings are included in the rigid connection when considering these parts as part of the rigid connection.
- the engine parts included in the connection may be considered parts of a co-rotating or, if not co-rotating, parts of a non-co-rotating axle.
- motor housings are included in the connection, the motors are preferably arranged on the insides of the wheels in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis or vehicle center, as described in variant 1 above.
- the driving behavior of a gantry axle can be achieved with reference to the wheels lying opposite one another.
- the machine casings can be designed to achieve the desired stiffnesses.
- the mechanically releasable rigid connection be axially aligned with the axis of rotation of the wheels.
- this design is preferred when motors, in particular motor housing, are connected to each other, or when rotors of motors are interconnected.
- wheels which have a wheel disc with an integrated spring element.
- wheels in the wheel disc one or more resilient elements are integrated, in particular made of rubber. If the compositions of wheel disc to tire a particularly high degree of rubber elements, and preferably a particularly advantageous geometry and arrangement of these rubber elements, one speaks of so-called "super-resilient" wheels. All otherwise customary, sprung in wheels are used.
- the chassis has two pairs of wheels.
- the chassis is a bogie with two pairs of wheels.
- the invention also relates to a rail vehicle, in particular a low-floor tram, having a chassis described above, wherein all general and specific embodiments of the foregoing description can be used.
- the Fig. 1, 2a and 2 B show in many parts a same structure, where the Fig. 1 the state of the art and the Fig. 2a and 2 B represent the example of the invention.
- the Fig. 1 shows a part of a bogie in a view from above.
- the Fig. 2b shows the same view of an example according to the invention and the Fig. 2a shows a view from the front. Shown is in each case a chassis 1, in this case a part of a bogie, transverse to the direction of each other in pairs opposite wheels 2, 3 and transverse to the direction of each other in pairs opposite motors 4, 5.
- Within the motors 4, 5 is not visible in each case a rotor arranged, which is enclosed by a respective housing 6, 7.
- connection 20 In contrast to the chassis according to the prior art of Fig. 1 is in the chassis according to the invention the Fig. 2a and 2 B a mechanically detachable, rigid connection 20 is provided.
- the connection 20 connects the end faces of the motor housing 6, 7 with each other.
- the connection 20 is releasable by a coupling 21, so that the motor housing 6, 7 can be separated from each other again by the clutch is actuated.
- the Fig. 2a . 2 B Do not rotate the motor housing 6, 7 with the wheels 2, 3 and are screwed on the inside of the wings 8, 9 or otherwise connected to the wings.
- the rigid connection 20 is not a co-rotating with the wheels 2, 3 compound.
- the connection 20 may be considered as a rigid gantry axle or as part of a rigid gantry axle when the housings 6, 7 are included.
- connection 20 is a connection which not only connects housings 6, 7 of motors 4, 5, but also includes an unillustrated co-rotating connection connecting the rotors of the motors 4, 5, not shown, and which can decouple these rotors through the coupling 21.
- Fig. 3 . 4a and 4b show a further variant of a suspension of the prior art ( Fig. 3 ) and an inventive ( Fig. 4a, 4b ) Landing gear.
- the motors are integrated into the wings 8, 9 and therefore not visible in the figures.
- the Fig. 1, 2a and 2 B represent the variant 1.
- the wheels 2, 3 are connected by a rigid rotating axis 30.
- Fig. 4a and 4b show the Fig. 4a a view from the front and the Fig. 4b , as Fig. 3 , a view from above.
- a wheel set shaft 20 is arranged, which connects the rotors (not shown) of the motors (integrated in the wings 8, 9) with each other.
- the wheelset shaft 20 thus represents a rigid connection between the two wheels 2, 3, the torque transmits as it couples the rotors of the motors.
- the connection 20 is mechanically interrupted by means of a coupling 21.
- the clutch 21 is disposed on the side of the wheel or on the side of the integrated into the rocker 8 motor.
- the Fig. 5, 6a and 6b are each directly with the Fig. 1, 2a and 2 B comparable. Unlike the Fig. 1 to 2 are at the Fig. 5 to 6 the wheels 2, 3 arranged on the inside of rockers 8, 9, whereby a narrower track is made possible by means of external storage.
- the motors 4, 5 are each arranged on the inside of the wheels 2, 3 and are connected via moment supports 24, 25 with the wings 8, 9.
- the Fig. 5 represents the state of the art and is directly with the Fig. 1 comparable and the Fig. 6a and 6b represent an example according to the invention from two different perspectives (from the front, from above) of a chassis according to the invention
- Fig. 6a and 6b the end faces of the motor housing 6, 7 can be connected by a connection 20.
- the connection 20 can be interrupted by a coupling 21.
- Fig. 7 . 8a and 8b are directly with the Fig. 3 . 4a and 4b comparable, the Fig. 7 . 8a and 8b represent a Schmalspurfahrtechnik in outdoor storage, in which the wheels 2, 3 are arranged on the inside of wings 8, 9.
- Fig. 7 is the same as in the Fig. 3 a rigid wheel axle 30 between the wheels 2, 3, whereas in the examples of the invention Fig. 8a and 8b between the wheels 2, 3 a detachable with a coupling 21 connection 20 is arranged.
- the linkage 20 is a rigid wheelset shaft co-rotating with the wheels 2, 3, connecting the rotors (not shown) of the motors (integrated into rockers 8, 9, not shown).
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein angetriebenes Fahrwerk für Schienenfahrzeuge, insbesondere Niederflurstraßenbahnen.The present invention relates to a powered chassis for rail vehicles, especially low-floor trams.
Bei Schienenfahrzeugen wird die Kopplung von linken und rechten Rädern üblicherweise mittels einer Radsatzachse oder Radsatzwelle durchgeführt.In rail vehicles, the coupling of left and right wheels is usually carried out by means of a wheelset axle or wheelset shaft.
Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Fahrwerke mit einer starren Verbindung zwischen Rädern offenbart.In the prior art various suspensions are disclosed with a rigid connection between wheels.
Durch eine Kopplung von linken und rechten Rädern stellt sich der bekannte Sinuslauf eines Drehgestells oder Fahrwerks ein. Dies ist ein gewünschter Effekt, der in der Geradeaussinusfahrt den einseitigen Radverschleiß reduziert, der allerdings auch in Kurvenfahrten unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen unerwünschte direkte Längs- und indirekte Querschlupfe erzeugt. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Lösung für dieses Problem anzugeben.Through a coupling of left and right wheels, the well-known sine wave of a bogie or suspension turns. This is a desired effect, which reduces the unilateral wheel wear in the straight-ahead drive-in, but also produces undesired direct longitudinal and indirect lateral slippage in cornering under certain conditions. The invention has for its object to provide a solution to this problem.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Fahrwerk gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, insbesondere durch ein Fahrwerk nach Anspruch 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a chassis according to the present invention, in particular by a chassis according to
Nach einer grundlegenden Idee der Erfindung wird zwischen paarweise gegenüberliegenden Rädern, von denen eines auf der rechten Seite des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist und eines auf der linken Seite des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist, eine mit einer Kupplung mechanisch lösbare d.h. unterbrechbare, starre Verbindung geschaffen. Die Verbindung verläuft quer zur Fahrtrichtung oder im Wesentlichen quer zur Fahrtrichtung. Durch die Unterbrechung kann das Fahrverhalten des Fahrwerks beeinflusst und gezielt geändert werden. Durch die Unterbrechung, oder die Aufhebung der Unterbrechung, kann das Fahrverhalten des Fahrwerks je nach Situation angepasst werden, wie nachfolgend noch erläutert. Die starre Verbindung kann somit während des Fahrbetriebs, d.h. während der Fahrt des Schienenfahrzeugs, gelöst bzw. unterbrochen sein oder nicht gelöst bzw. nicht unterbrochen sein. Das Fahrwerk und speziell die mechanisch lösbare, starre Verbindung sind so ausgestaltet, dass die Verbindung während des Fahrbetriebs gelöst sein kann oder nicht gelöst sein kann. Im Ergebnis kann der Fahrbetrieb entweder bei nicht gelöster Verbindung oder bei gelöster Verbindung stattfinden und das Fahrzeug ist in beiden Fällen fahrbereit. Insbesondere ist eine nachfolgend noch beschriebene mechanisch unterbrechbare Radsatzachse oder Radsatzwelle oder ein nachfolgend noch beschriebener mechanisch unterbrechbarer Träger so ausgestaltet, dass sie/er während des Fahrbetriebs unterbrochen sein kann oder nicht unterbrochen sein kann. Das Lösen, oder das Wiederherstellen, der Verbindung kann während der Fahrt erfolgen oder während des Stillstands des Fahrzeugs.According to a basic idea of the invention is provided between pairwise opposite wheels, one of which is arranged on the right side of the vehicle and one on the left side of the vehicle, one with a clutch mechanically releasable ie interruptible, rigid connection. The connection runs transversely to the direction of travel or substantially transversely to the direction of travel. Due to the interruption, the driving behavior of the chassis can be influenced and specifically changed. By interrupting or removing the interruption, the driving behavior of the chassis can be adjusted depending on the situation, as explained below. The rigid connection can thus during vehicle operation, ie while driving the rail vehicle, be solved or interrupted or not solved or not interrupted. The chassis and especially the mechanically detachable, rigid connection are designed so that the connection can be solved while driving or can not be solved. As a result, the driving operation can take place either in a disconnected connection or in a disconnected connection, and the vehicle is ready to travel in both cases. In particular, a mechanically interchangeable wheelset axle or wheelset shaft described below or a mechanically interruptible carrier described below is designed such that it can be interrupted during the driving operation or can not be interrupted. The release, or the restoration, of the connection can be made while driving or while the vehicle is at a standstill.
Eine Idee dieser Erfindung ist, dass die Verbindung zwischen den Rädern in Blickrichtung von oben oder von unten auf das Fahrwerk zwischen den Rädern, insbesondere zwischen den Radscheiben, angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise ist die Verbindung auch in Blickrichtung von vorn oder von hinten (Blickrichtung in Richtung der Fahrzeuglängsachse) zwischen den Rädern, insbesondere zwischen den Radscheiben, angeordnet.An idea of this invention is that the connection between the wheels in the direction of view from above or from below is arranged on the chassis between the wheels, in particular between the wheel discs. Preferably, the connection is also in the viewing direction from the front or from the rear (viewing direction in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis) between the wheels, in particular between the wheel discs arranged.
Die Verbindung kann drehende Elemente beider Räder miteinander verbinden und mit den Rädern mitdrehen. Die Verbindung kann zur Übertragung eines Drehmoments eingerichtet sein oder kein Drehmoment übertragen. Die Verbindung kann sich ferner mit den Rädern mitdrehen oder nicht. Die Verbindung kann ganz oder teilweise feststehend oder ganz oder teilweise mit den Rädern mitdrehend ausgestaltet sein. In die Verbindung können bekannte Fahrwerks- oder Drehgestellelemente, wie Achsen, Lager, (Achs)Schwingen, Träger, Motorengehäuse und dergleichen mit einbezogen sein. Die Verbindung ist so ausgestaltet, dass sie an einer Stelle oder an mehreren Stellen mechanisch unterbrochen werden kann, nämlich durch eine oder mehrere Kupplungen. All die genannten Merkmale sind in beliebiger Kombination miteinander kombinierbar.The connection can connect rotating elements of both wheels with each other and turn with the wheels. The connection may be configured to transmit torque or transmit no torque. The compound may also rotate with the wheels or not. The connection may be wholly or partially fixed or wholly or partially co-rotating with the wheels. Known suspension or bogie elements such as axles, bearings, (axle) rockers, beams, motor housings, and the like may be incorporated in the connection. The connection is designed so that it can be mechanically interrupted in one place or in several places, namely by one or more couplings. All the above features can be combined with each other in any combination.
Angegeben wird insbesondere ein Fahrwerk eines Schienenfahrzeuges, aufweisend quer zur Fahrtrichtung einander paarweise gegenüber liegende Räder, quer zur Fahrtrichtung einander paarweise gegenüber liegende Motoren, welche die Räder antreiben und jeweils einen Rotor und vorzugsweise jeweils ein Gehäuse aufweisen, wobei das Fahrwerk eine mechanisch lösbare, starre Verbindung aufweist, die zwischen den beiden Rädern angeordnet ist, wobei die Verbindung eine mechanisch unterbrechbare Radsatzachse oder Radsatzwelle oder ein mechanisch unterbrechbarer Träger, insbesondere ein Querträger, ist, und wobei das Fahrwerk eine Kupplung aufweist, mit der die starre Verbindung mechanisch lösbar ist.Specified is in particular a chassis of a rail vehicle, comprising transversely to the direction of each other in pairs opposite wheels, transverse to the direction of each other in pairs opposite motors which drive the wheels and each having a rotor and preferably each have a housing, the chassis a mechanically detachable, rigid Compound which is disposed between the two wheels, wherein the compound is a mechanically interruptible wheelset or axle or a mechanically interruptible carrier, in particular a cross member, and wherein the chassis has a coupling with which the rigid connection is mechanically detachable.
Durch die mechanisch lösbare Verbindung oder spezielle Ausführungsformen, die weiter unten detailliert beschrieben werden, werden insbesondere die folgenden Vorteile erzielt:
- Ist die zwischen beiden Rädern angeordnete starre Verbindung geschlossen, kann das Verhalten einer Achse bzw. die Wirkung einer Achse, insbesondere einer Portalachse, bei den Fahreigenschaften erreicht werden, z.B. bezüglich Spurstabilität. Das Fahrverhalten eines Achsradsatzes bedeutet einen geringeren Rad- und Schienenverschleiß durch Sinuslaufverhalten insbesondere auf gerader Strecke sowie in großen Bögen, die bei Ausnutzung der Spurkranzkonizitäten schlupfreduziert befahren werden können. Dieser Vorteil wird dadurch erreicht, dass an der Achse kein Drehzahlunterschied für die Dauer der geschlossenen starren Verbindung auftreten kann und das Verhalten einer starren Radsatzachse oder -welle erreicht wird. Wird die Verbindung gelöst, so wird diese Wirkung aufgehoben, d.h. die starre Verbindung wird aufgehoben, so dass das Fahrverhalten des Fahrwerks je nach Situation angepasst werden kann. Drehzahlunterschiede der Räder sind bei gelöster Verbindung möglich und es kann beispielsweise ein geringer Rad- und Schienenverschleiß in engen Bögen erreicht werden.
- Ist die starre Verbindung beispielsweise eine Radsatzwelle oder eine Radsatzachse, so kann zwischen dem Verhalten eines Fahrwerks mit Radsatzachse oder Radsatzwelle (wenn die Verbindung hergestellt ist) oder dem Verhalten eines Losradfahrwerks (wenn die Verbindung gelöst ist) gewählt werden. Ein Vorteil eines Losradantriebes ist die Verringerung von Längs- in Kombination mit Querschlupfzuständen an der Rad-Schiene-Schnittstelle in engen Bögen, die zu Kurvenquietschen und Verschleiß führen.
- If the rigid connection arranged between the two wheels is closed, the behavior of an axle or the action of an axle, in particular a gantry axle, can be achieved in terms of driving characteristics, for example with regard to tracking stability. The driving behavior of a wheel set means a lower wheel and rail wear due to sinusoidal behavior especially on a straight line as well as in large arcs, which reduces slip when using the flange eccentricities can be driven. This advantage is achieved in that on the axis no speed difference for the duration of the closed rigid connection can occur and the behavior of a rigid wheelset axle or shaft is achieved. If the connection is released, this effect is canceled, ie the rigid connection is canceled, so that the driving behavior of the chassis can be adjusted depending on the situation. Speed differences of the wheels are possible with dissolved connection and it can, for example, a small wheel and rail wear can be achieved in tight arches.
- If the rigid connection is, for example, a wheelset axle or a wheel set axle, then it is possible to choose between the behavior of a chassis with wheelset axle or wheelset shaft (if the connection is made) or the behavior of a loose wheel drive (if the connection is released). An advantage of a loose-wheel drive is the reduction of longitudinal, in combination with cross-slip conditions at the wheel-rail interface in narrow bends, which lead to curve squeaks and wear.
Das Fahrwerk ist an verschiedenste Streckengegebenheiten und an ein gewünschtes Fahrverhalten anpassbar. Wie erwähnt, kann die Verbindung eine Radsatzachse oder eine Radsatzwelle sein. Ein weiteres Beispiel ist ein Träger, der quer zur Fahrtrichtung angeordnet ist, an dessen Enden die Räder angeordnet sind und der beispielsweise zwei Längsträger eines Fahrwerks verbindet. Ein solcher Träger wird auch als "Portalachse" bezeichnet. Die Räder können beispielsweise an Längsträgern oder in Längsrichtung von einem Drehgestell hervorstehenden Schwingen gelagert sein und die Portalachse kann die Räder miteinander verbinden.The chassis is adaptable to different track conditions and to a desired driving behavior. As mentioned, the connection may be a wheelset axle or a wheelset shaft. Another example is a carrier which is arranged transversely to the direction of travel, at the ends of which the wheels are arranged and which, for example, connects two side members of a chassis. Such a carrier is also referred to as a "portal axle". The wheels may, for example, be mounted on longitudinal members or in the longitudinal direction of a bogie protruding wings and the portal axle may connect the wheels together.
Die starre Verbindung ist durch eine oder mehrere Kupplungen mechanisch unterbrechbar. Die Kupplung kann an verschiedenen Stellen angeordnet sein. Beispielsweise kann sie an einem oder beiden Enden einer Radsatzachse oder Radsatzwelle oder eines Trägers angeordnet sein. Eine Kupplung kann auch innerhalb einer Radsatzachse, einer Radsatzwelle, eines Trägers oder einer Portalachse angeordnet sein, wobei in diesem Fall die Achse, die Welle, der Träger oder die Portalachse aufgeteilt ist in Teilachsen, Teilwellen, Teilträger oder Teilportale.The rigid connection is mechanically interrupted by one or more couplings. The coupling can be arranged at different locations. For example, it may be disposed at one or both ends of a wheelset axle or wheelset shaft or a carrier. A coupling can also be arranged within a wheelset axle, a wheelset shaft, a carrier or a gantry axle, in which case the axle, the shaft, the girder or the gantry axle is divided into partial axles, partial shafts, partial girders or partial gantries.
Die mechanisch lösbare starre Verbindung kann auch als mechanisch unterbrechbares Verbindungselement bezeichnet werden. Die mechanische Unterbrechung kann in Bezug auf einen Kraftschluss, der bei Unterbrechung unterbrochen wird, steuer- und regelbar ausgeführt werden.The mechanically detachable rigid connection can also be referred to as a mechanically interruptible connection element. The mechanical interruption can be carried out in a controllable and controllable manner in relation to a frictional connection which is interrupted when interrupted.
Unter einen Losrad wird in der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Rad verstanden, dessen Drehbewegung nicht an die Drehbewegung eines anderen Rades gekoppelt ist. Losräder können aber durch eine nicht-mitumlaufende Achse, d.h. eine nicht mit den Rädern mitdrehende Achse, verbunden sein.Under a loose wheel is understood in the present invention, a wheel whose rotational movement is not coupled to the rotational movement of another wheel. However, loose wheels may be driven by a non-rotating axle, i. a not co-rotating with the wheels axis be connected.
Als Motor können alle aus dem Schienenfahrzeugbetrieb einsetzbaren Motoren Verwendung finden, insbesondere Motoren, die für Niederflurfahrzeuge eingesetzt werden. Einsetzbar sind beispielsweise elektrische Asynchronmotoren, die mit einem Getriebe und Kupplungselementen versehen sein können, um Kraft auf das angetriebene Rad zu übertragen. Bevorzugt ist der Einsatz eines elektrischen Motors mit hohem Stillstandsmoment und hohem Antriebsmoment, wobei ein elektrischer Synchronmotor, insbesondere ein permanent erregter Synchronmotor besonders bevorzugt ist. Solche Motoren sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Hohe Stillstands- und Antriebsmomente erlauben den Wegfall eines Getriebes und weiterer Kupplungselemente und die elektrische Maschine kann direkt mit dem Rad oder der Antriebsachse des Rades verbunden werden. Es kann somit auf den Einsatz eines Getriebes zur Steigerung oder Reduzierung des Antriebsmoments durch unterschiedliche Übersetzungen verzichtet werden. Der Wegfall eines solchen Getriebes bringt Vorteile durch Materialkosten- und Wartungs- und Erhaltungskosteneinsparung. Gegebenenfalls, aber nicht notwendigerweise, kann ein Getriebe zu einem anderen Zweck eingesetzt werden, um Abstände zwischen Motor und Antriebsachse zu überwinden. Die Bauweise optimierter elektrischer Maschinen mit hohen Stillstand- und Antriebsmomenten erlaubt auch einen kompakten Einbauraum, so dass der Antrieb keine Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Bestuhlung oder der Durchgangsbreiten für den Passagierraum auferlegt.As the engine, all usable from rail vehicle operation engines can be used, especially engines that are used for low-floor vehicles. It is possible, for example, to use electric asynchronous motors which may be provided with a gear and coupling elements in order to transmit power to the driven wheel. Preference is given to the use of an electric motor with high standstill torque and high drive torque, wherein an electric synchronous motor, in particular a permanently excited synchronous motor is particularly preferred. Such motors are known in the art. High standstill and drive torques allow the elimination of a transmission and other coupling elements and the electric machine can be connected directly to the wheel or the drive axle of the wheel. It can thus be dispensed with the use of a transmission to increase or reduce the drive torque by different translations. The elimination of such a transmission brings benefits through material cost and maintenance and conservation cost savings. Optionally, but not necessarily, a transmission may be used for a different purpose to overcome engine-to-drive axis distances. The design of optimized electrical machines with high standstill and drive torques also allows a compact installation space, so that the drive imposes no restrictions on the seating or the passage widths for the passenger compartment.
Das Fahrwerk kann ein Drehgestell oder Teil eines Drehgestells sein oder es kann auf jede andere bekannte Weise am Untergestell oder Wagenkasten eines Schienenfahrzeugs befestigt sein.The landing gear may be a bogie or part of a bogie, or it may be attached to the underframe or body of a rail vehicle in any other known manner.
In der Erfindung werden zwei spezielle Varianten vorgestellt, die nachfolgend beschrieben sind. Diese Varianten sind mit allen weiteren, danach noch beschriebenen Ausführungsformen kombinierbar.In the invention, two special variants are presented, which are described below. These variants can be combined with all other, subsequently described embodiments.
In einer speziellen Variante (bezeichnet als Variante 1) der Erfindung weist das Fahrwerk zwei parallel oder im Wesentlichen parallel zur Fahrzeuglängsrichtung ausgerichtete Träger auf (auch bezeichnet als Längsträger), an denen die Führung und Lagerung der Räder realisiert ist.In a special variant (referred to as variant 1) of the invention, the chassis has two supports oriented parallel or substantially parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction (also referred to as longitudinal members), on which the guidance and mounting of the wheels is realized.
Die Führung und Lagerung der Räder erfolgt vorzugsweise an Schwingen, die mit den Längsträgern verbunden sind. Eine Schwinge ist vorzugsweise an einem Längsträger schwenkbar angelenkt, insbesondere zumindest über eine horizontale und vorzugsweise quer zur Fahrzeuglängsrichtung verlaufende Achse schwenkbar angelenkt.The guidance and storage of the wheels is preferably carried out on rockers, which are connected to the longitudinal members. A rocker is preferably pivotably articulated to a longitudinal beam, in particular pivotally articulated at least over a horizontal and preferably transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis.
Die Längsträger, und gegebenenfalls die Schwingen, sind rechts und links der Fahrzeuglängsachse angeordnet. Die den Rädern zugeordneten Motoren sind in der Variante 1 auf der Innenseite der Träger oder der Schwingen platziert, d. h. in Richtung der Fahrzeuglängsachse bzw. in Richtung der Fahrzeugmitte mit Abtriebsachse normal zur Fahrzeuglängsachse.The longitudinal members, and optionally the wings, are arranged on the right and left of the vehicle longitudinal axis. The wheels associated motors are placed in the
Bei der Lagerung der Räder wird zwischen einer Innenlagerung und einer Außenlagerung unterschieden. Bei der Innenlagerung ist das Radlager von der Radscheibe aus betrachtet in Richtung der Innenseite, d.h. in Richtung Fahrzeuglängsachse angeordnet. Die Innenlagerung wird beispielsweise bei einer Normalspur angewandt. Bei der Außenlagerung ist das Radlager von der Radscheibe aus betrachtet in Richtung der Außenseite des Fahrzeugs angeordnet.When storing the wheels, a distinction is made between an inner bearing and an outer bearing. In the inner bearing, the wheel bearing is viewed from the wheel disc in the direction of the inside, i. arranged in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis. The inner bearing is used for example in a standard gauge. In the outer storage, the wheel bearing is viewed from the wheel disc in the direction of the outside of the vehicle.
Je nach Art der Lagerung der Räder - Innenlagerung z.B. bei Normalspur oder Außenlagerung bei z.B. Meterspur - muss die Momentenübertragung zwischen Motor und Rad sichergestellt werden. Bei Variante 1 und Innenlagerung, siehe beispielsweise
In einer weiteren Variante (bezeichnet als Variante 2) weist das Fahrwerk Längsträger auf, an die vorzugsweise Schwingen angebunden sind, wie oben angegeben. Im Unterschied zur Variante 1 sind die mit Motoren in die Träger oder in die Schwingen integriert. Die in die Träger oder Schwingen integrierten Motoren dienen gleichzeitig zur Führung und Lagerung des jeweils zugeordneten Rades. Insbesondere schließt in der Variante 2 der Motor mit der Oberfläche des Trägers oder der Oberfläche der Schwinge auf der dem Rad zugewandten Seite bündig ab oder im Wesentlichen bündig ab. Weiterhin bevorzugt schließt in der Variante 2 der Motor mit der Oberfläche des Trägers oder der Oberfläche der Schwinge auf der dem Rad abgewandten Seite bündig ab oder im Wesentlichen bündig ab.In a further variant (referred to as variant 2), the chassis has side members, to which preferably wings are connected, as indicated above. In contrast to
Der Vorteil dieser beiden vorangehend beschriebenen Varianten 1 und 2 liegt darin, dass unabhängig von Außen- oder Innenlagerung der Räder im Träger oder in den Schwingen auf der Außenseite der Längsträger und der Schwingen jede gewünschte Anordnung und Zusammenstellung von Bremseinrichtungen und Rädern ermöglicht ist, da keine räumliche Beschränkung durch Anordnung von Fahrmotoren und/oder Getrieben auf der Außenseite der Träger oder Schwingen erfolgt. Insbesondere können damit auch beliebig groß und breit bauende Räder, beispielsweise Räder mit gefederten Radreifen, Super-Resilient- oder Scheibenräder verwendet werden.The advantage of these two
In beiden Varianten kann die Schwinge ferner zur primären Abfederung des Rades eingerichtet sein, wie bei Drehgestellen und Fahrwerken bekannt.In both variants, the rocker may also be adapted to the primary cushioning of the wheel, as known in bogies and suspensions.
Das erfindungsgemäße Fahrwerk kann für Normal-, Breitspur- wie auch für Schmalspurfahrwerke zur Anwendung kommen, was durch eine geeignete Anordnung von Motoren und Rädern erreicht werden kann. Beispiele dafür sind in den Ausführungsbeispielen angegeben.The chassis according to the invention can be used for normal, wide gauge as well as for narrow gauge trolleys, which can be achieved by a suitable arrangement of motors and wheels. Examples of this are given in the exemplary embodiments.
Nachfolgend werden weitere spezielle Ausführungsformen beschrieben, die mit den oben beschriebenen Varianten und Ausführungsformen kombinierbar sind.Hereinafter, further specific embodiments will be described, which can be combined with the variants and embodiments described above.
In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung verbindet die mechanisch lösbare starre Verbindung die Rotoren zweier Motoren, die quer zur Fahrtrichtung einander paarweise gegenüber liegen, miteinander. Insbesondere werden die Wellen bzw. Antriebsachsen der Motoren direkt oder indirekt, z.B. über weitere Wellenteile, miteinander verbunden. Die Verbindung kann eine Radsatzwelle sein, welche mindestens zwei Wellenteile aufweist, die mit einer Kupplung verbunden sind. Am Ort der Kupplung ist die Verbindung lösbar. Die Radsatzwelle kann aus zwei Halbwellen zusammengesetzt sein, die mittels der Kupplung aneinander gekoppelt sind. Die beiden Wellenteile bzw. die beiden Halbwellen können identisch sein mit den Rotorwellen der beiden Motoren. Es ist beispielsweise denkbar, die Rotorwellen beider Motoren nach innen, in Richtung Fahrzeugmitte, zu verlängern und sie vorzugsweise an ihren Stirnseiten über eine Kupplung aneinander zu kuppeln. Es ist auch möglich, eine Teilwelle zwischen den Rotorwellen beider Motoren anzuordnen und jedes stirnseitige Ende dieser Teilwelle jeweils über eine Kupplung mit der benachbarten Rotorwelle zu koppeln. Weitere Varianten, wie beispielsweise die Verlängerung nur einer Rotorwelle in Richtung der anderen Rotorwelle zur Überbrückung des Abstands zwischen den Motoren, sind denkbar. Die Rotorwellen der Motoren und gegebenenfalls weitere Wellenteile sind vorzugsweise axial fluchtend.In one embodiment of the invention, the mechanically releasable rigid connection connects the rotors of two motors, which lie opposite each other in pairs in relation to the direction of travel, with each other. In particular, the shafts or drive axles of the motors are connected to each other directly or indirectly, eg via further shaft parts. The connection may be a wheelset shaft which has at least two shaft parts which are connected to a coupling. At the location of the coupling, the connection is solvable. The wheelset shaft may be composed of two half-shafts, which are coupled together by means of the coupling. The two shaft parts or the two half-waves can be identical to the rotor shafts of the two motors. It is conceivable, for example, to extend the rotor shafts of both motors inwards, in the direction of the center of the vehicle, and preferably to couple them together on their end faces via a coupling. It is also possible to arrange a partial shaft between the rotor shafts of both motors and each front end of this partial shaft in each case via a Coupling coupling with the adjacent rotor shaft. Other variants, such as the extension of only one rotor shaft in the direction of the other rotor shaft to bridge the distance between the motors, are conceivable. The rotor shafts of the motors and optionally further shaft parts are preferably axially aligned.
Durch eine gesteuerte oder geregelte direkte oder indirekte Verbindung der Rotorwelle eines Motors mit der Rotorwelle eines gegenüber liegenden Motors können gleiche oder unterschiedliche Antriebsmomente auf die Räder übertragen werden, je nach dem, ob die Verbindung unterbrochen bzw. gelöst ist oder nicht. Dieses wird durch eine Kupplung erreicht, die zwischen den Motoren zweier gegenüber liegender Räder eingesetzt wird. Das Fahrverhalten wird dadurch gezielt und situationsabhängig verändert. Bei geschlossener starrer Verbindung wird das Fahrverhalten eines Achsradsatzes erreicht, was geringeren Rad- und Schienenverschleiß durch Sinuslaufverhalten insbesondere auf gerader Strecke sowie in großen Bögen bedeutet, die bei Ausnutzung der Spurkranzkonizitäten schlupfreduziert befahren werden können. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass an der Achse kein Drehzahlunterschied für die Dauer der geschlossenen starren Verbindung auftreten kann und das Verhalten einer starren Radsatzachse oder -welle erreicht wird. Bei offener Koppelung wird das Fahrverhalten von Losrädern erreicht, was geringen Rad- und Schienenverschleiß in engen Bögen bedeutet. Ein Vorteil eines Losradantriebes ist die Verringerung von Längs- in Kombination mit Querschlupfzuständen an der Rad-Schiene-Schnittstelle in engen Bögen, die zu Kurvenquietschen und Verschleiß führen.By a controlled or controlled direct or indirect connection of the rotor shaft of a motor with the rotor shaft of an opposing engine, identical or different drive torques can be transmitted to the wheels, depending on whether the connection is broken or not. This is achieved by a clutch which is inserted between the motors of two opposing wheels. The driving behavior is thereby changed specifically and situation-dependent. When the rigid connection is closed, the driving behavior of a wheel set is achieved, which means less wheel and rail wear due to sinusoidal behavior, especially on a straight line and in large arcs, which can be negotiated with reduced slip when using the flange eccentricities. This is achieved in that on the axis no speed difference for the duration of the closed rigid connection can occur and the behavior of a rigid wheelset axle or shaft is achieved. With open coupling, the handling of loose wheels is achieved, which means low wheel and rail wear in tight arches. An advantage of a loose-wheel drive is the reduction of longitudinal, in combination with cross-slip conditions at the wheel-rail interface in narrow bends, which lead to curve squeaks and wear.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist neben der mechanisch lösbaren starren Verbindung in Form einer mit den Rädern mitdrehenden (mitlaufenden) Verbindung auch eine nicht mit den Rädern mitlaufende Verbindung beschrieben, welche die Motoren oder Teile davon miteinander verbindet. Vorzugsweise sind mit der Verbindung nicht umlaufende Teile beider Motoren, insbesondere die Gehäuse der Motoren, miteinander verbindbar. Anders ausgedrückt werden nicht umlaufende Teile, insbesondere Motorengehäuse, in die starre Verbindung einbezogen, wenn man diese Teile als Teil der starren Verbindung betrachtet. Die in die Verbindung einbezogenen Motorteile können als Teile einer mitdrehenden, oder - wenn sie nicht mitdrehend sind - als Teile einer nicht mitdrehenden Achse betrachtet werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, in addition to the mechanically releasable rigid connection in the form of a co-rotating with the wheels (in-line) connection, a not running with the wheels connection is described, which connects the motors or parts thereof. Preferably, non-rotating parts of both motors, in particular the housing of the motors, can be connected to one another with the connection. In other words, non-rotating parts, in particular motor housings, are included in the rigid connection when considering these parts as part of the rigid connection. The engine parts included in the connection may be considered parts of a co-rotating or, if not co-rotating, parts of a non-co-rotating axle.
Wenn Motorgehäuse in die Verbindung einbezogen sind, sind vorzugsweise die Motoren auf den Innenseiten der Räder in Richtung Fahrzeuglängsachse bzw. Fahrzeugmitte angeordnet, wie in der obigen Variante 1 beschrieben.If motor housings are included in the connection, the motors are preferably arranged on the insides of the wheels in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis or vehicle center, as described in
Durch die starre Verbindung der Gehäuse kann bezogen auf die einander gegenüber liegenden Räder das Fahrverhalten einer Portalachse erreicht werden. Die Maschinengehäuse können so ausgelegt werden, dass die gewünschten Steifigkeiten erzielt werden. In dieser Ausführungsform kann auf eine zusätzliche Portalachse verzichtet werden, wodurch zusätzlich zu der vorteilhaften technischen Wirkung auch Kosten-, Masse- und Lebenszykluskosteneinsparungen erzielt werden.Due to the rigid connection of the housing, the driving behavior of a gantry axle can be achieved with reference to the wheels lying opposite one another. The machine casings can be designed to achieve the desired stiffnesses. In this embodiment, can be dispensed with an additional gantry axis, which in addition to the advantageous technical effect also cost, mass and life cycle cost savings can be achieved.
Im Allgemeinen ist es bei allen Ausführungsformen von mitdrehenden oder nicht-mitdrehenden Verbindungen bevorzugt, dass die mechanisch lösbare starre Verbindung axial fluchtend mit der Drehachse der Räder ist. Insbesondere ist diese Gestaltung bevorzugt, wenn Motoren, insbesondere Motorgehäuse, miteinander verbunden werden, oder wenn Rotoren von Motoren miteinander verbunden werden.In general, in all embodiments of co-rotating or non-co-rotating connections, it is preferred that the mechanically releasable rigid connection be axially aligned with the axis of rotation of the wheels. In particular, this design is preferred when motors, in particular motor housing, are connected to each other, or when rotors of motors are interconnected.
Bei einer direkten Montage eines Rades an einem Antriebsmotor wird die unabgefederte Masse dieser Einheit erhöht, was die an der Rad-Schiene-Schnittstelle herrschenden Kraft- und Momentenverhältnisse nachteilig beeinflussen kann und einen Nachteil in der Laufgüte bewirken kann. Daher werden in einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung Räder eingesetzt, die eine Radscheibe mit einem integrierten Federelement aufweisen. Beispiele hierfür sind Räder, in deren Radscheibe ein- oder mehrere federnde Elemente integriert sind, insbesondere aus Gummi. Beinhalten die Zusammensetzungen von Radscheibe zu Radreifen ein besonders hohes Maß von Gummielementen sowie vorzugsweise eine besonders vorteilhafte Geometrie und Anordnung dieser Gummielemente, spricht man von so genannten "Super-Resilient"-Rädern. Auch alle ansonsten üblichen, in sich gefederten Räder sind einsetzbar.In a direct mounting of a wheel on a drive motor, the unsprung mass of this unit is increased, which can adversely affect the prevailing at the wheel-rail interface force and torque ratios and can cause a disadvantage in the running quality. Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention wheels are used which have a wheel disc with an integrated spring element. Examples include wheels in the wheel disc one or more resilient elements are integrated, in particular made of rubber. If the compositions of wheel disc to tire a particularly high degree of rubber elements, and preferably a particularly advantageous geometry and arrangement of these rubber elements, one speaks of so-called "super-resilient" wheels. All otherwise customary, sprung in wheels are used.
In einer Variante eines Fahrwerks weist das Fahrwerk zwei Räderpaare auf. Insbesondere ist das Fahrwerk ein Drehgestell mit zwei Räderpaaren.In a variant of a chassis, the chassis has two pairs of wheels. In particular, the chassis is a bogie with two pairs of wheels.
Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung auch ein Schienenfahrzeug, insbesondere eine Niederflurstraßenbahn, die ein vorangehend beschriebenes Fahrwerk aufweist, wobei alle allgemeinen und speziellen Ausführungsformen der vorangehenden Beschreibung zum Einsatz kommen können.Finally, the invention also relates to a rail vehicle, in particular a low-floor tram, having a chassis described above, wherein all general and specific embodiments of the foregoing description can be used.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand spezieller Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein Teil eines Fahrwerks nach dem Stand der Technik in Normalspur mit Innenlagerung der Räder sowie Motoren, die auf der Innenseite von Längsträgern und Schwingen platziert sind;
- Fig. 2a, 2b
- ein erfindungsgemäßes Beispiel für ein Fahrwerk mit Innenlagerung der Räder in verschiedenen Perspektiven mit innenseitig der Längsträger und Schwingen angeordneten Motoren, wie in
Fig. 1 , wobei Gehäuse und/oder Rotoren der Motoren miteinander verbindbar sind; - Fig. 3
- einen Ausschnitt aus einem Fahrwerk mit Innenlagerung der Räder nach dem Stand der Technik mit einer starren Radsatzachse oder Radsatzwelle, wobei Antriebsmotoren in Schwingen integriert sind;
- Fig. 4a, 4b
- erfindungsgemäße Fahrwerke mit Innenlagerung der Räder in verschiedenen Perspektiven, wobei eine unterbrechbare Radsatzwelle oder Radsatzachse zwischen den Rädern angeordnet ist und die Antriebsmotoren wie in
Fig. 3 in Schwingen integriert sind; - Fig. 5
- einen Ausschnitt aus einem Fahrwerk nach dem Stand der Technik in Außenlagerung der Räder, mit schmaler Spurweite, wobei die Motoren auf der Innenseite Schwingen platziert sind;
- Fig. 6a, 6b
- Ausschnitte aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Fahrwerk in verschiedenen Perspektiven in Außenlagerung/Schmalspur-Ausführung, wobei Motoren auf der Innenseite der Räder angeordnet sind, wobei Gehäuse und/oder Rotoren der Motoren miteinander verbindbar sind;
- Fig. 7
- einen Ausschnitt aus einem Fahrwerk nach dem Stand der Technik in Außenlagerung/Schmalspurbauweise mit einer starren Radsatzachse und in die Schwingen integrierten Antriebsmotoren; und
- Fig. 8a, 8b
- Ausschnitte aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Fahrwerk in verschiedenen Ansichten mit einer unterbrechbaren Radsatzachse, in Außenlagerung / Schmalspurausführung mit in die Schwingen integrierten Antriebsmotoren.
- Fig. 1
- a part of a prior art landing gear in standard gauge with wheels internally mounted and motors placed on the inside of side members and rockers;
- Fig. 2a, 2b
- an inventive example of a chassis with inner bearing of the wheels in different perspectives with the inside of the side members and rockers arranged engines, as in
Fig. 1 wherein housing and / or rotors of the motors are connectable to each other; - Fig. 3
- a detail of a chassis with inner bearing of the wheels according to the prior art with a rigid wheelset or axle, with drive motors are integrated into wings;
- Fig. 4a, 4b
- Undercarriage according to the invention with inner bearing of the wheels in different perspectives, wherein an interruptible axle or wheelset axle between the wheels is arranged and the drive motors as in
Fig. 3 integrated in wings; - Fig. 5
- a detail of a prior art landing gear in outer bearing of the wheels, narrow gauge, the motors are placed on the inside swinging;
- Fig. 6a, 6b
- Parts of a chassis according to the invention in different perspectives in outdoor storage / narrow gauge design, with motors are arranged on the inside of the wheels, wherein the housing and / or rotors of the motors are connected to each other;
- Fig. 7
- a section of a chassis according to the prior art in outdoor storage / narrow gauge construction with a rigid wheelset and integrated into the swing drive motors; and
- Fig. 8a, 8b
- Excerpts from a chassis according to the invention in different views with an interruptible wheelset, in outdoor storage / narrow-gauge design with integrated into the wings drive motors.
Die
Im Unterschied zum Fahrwerk nach dem Stand der Technik der
Alternativ kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Verbindung 20 eine Verbindung ist, welche nicht nur Gehäuse 6, 7 von Motoren 4, 5 verbindet, sondern auch eine nicht gezeigte mitdrehende Verbindung inkludiert, welche die nicht gezeigten Rotoren der Motoren 4, 5 miteinander verbindet und die durch die Kupplung 21 diese Rotoren entkoppeln kann.Alternatively, it may be provided that the
Die
Die
Die
Claims (9)
- Running gear (1) of a rail vehicle, comprising:wheels (2, 3) located opposite one another in pairs transversely to the direction of travel;motors (4, 5) located opposite one another in pairs transversely to the direction of travel, which drive the wheels (2, 3) and each comprise a rotor;a mechanically releasable, rigid connection (20) arranged between the two wheels (2, 3), the mechanically releasable, rigid connection being a mechanically interruptible wheelset axle or wheelset shaft or a mechanically interruptible carrier,characterized bya coupling (21) by way of which the rigid connection can be mechanically released.
- The running gear according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection (20) connects the rotors of the motors (4, 5) to one another and is designed as a wheelset axle.
- The running gear according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection is a wheelset axle (20) that follows the wheels or does not follow the wheels (2, 3) and connects the motors (4, 5) or parts of the motors (6,7) to one another.
- The running gear according to claim 3, characterized in that the connection is a wheelset axle (20), or part of a wheelset axle, that does not follow the wheels (2, 3), and the connection connects housings (6, 7) of the motors to one another.
- The running gear according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection (20) comprises at least two connecting elements that are connected to the coupling (21).
- The running gear according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection (20) is axially aligned with the rotational axis of the wheels.
- The running gear according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheels (2, 3) comprise a wheel disk having an integrated spring element.
- The running gear according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising two wheel pairs.
- A rail vehicle, in particular a low-floor streetcar, comprising a running gear according to any one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL13178789T PL2692607T3 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2013-07-31 | Suspension system for a railway vehicle with releasable rigid connection between the wheels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012213617.7A DE102012213617B4 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2012-08-01 | Track for rail vehicle with detachable rigid connection between the wheels |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2692607A1 EP2692607A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
EP2692607B1 true EP2692607B1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
Family
ID=48900845
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13178789.7A Not-in-force EP2692607B1 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2013-07-31 | Suspension system for a railway vehicle with releasable rigid connection between the wheels |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2692607B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012213617B4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2705009T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2692607T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2570520C1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-12-10 | Открытое акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава (ОАО "ВНИКТИ") | Railway vehicle underframe |
EP3409554A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-05 | Walo Bertschinger AG | Rail vehicle with all-wheel drive |
RU189359U1 (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2019-05-21 | ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ "Брянский государственный технический университет" | Suspension unit for traction motor |
AT525479A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-15 | Siemens Mobility Austria Gmbh | Running gear for a rail vehicle and rail vehicle |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE809690A (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1974-07-15 | Acec | HIGH SPEED SPRING WHEEL BOGIE. |
DE2508531A1 (en) * | 1974-03-25 | 1976-09-02 | Licentia Gmbh | Bogie position control for rail vehicle - has position sensor energising magnetic rotary impact stator acting on rotor pair on wheel axle |
EP0568079B1 (en) * | 1992-04-29 | 1996-09-11 | ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation (Deutschland) GmbH | Running gear with two axles for railway vehicles |
EP1065123B1 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2003-08-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Independent wheel steering bogie |
DE102006044613A1 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-03-27 | Sames, Gerhold, Dipl.-Ing. | Traction and trailer bogie for low-floor railway vehicle, has aggregate and accumulator fastened to longitudinal chassis beam, where brake disc is arranged with brake unit in drive train of traction motor |
DE202008008246U1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2008-08-28 | SBZ Schörling-Brock Zweiwegetechnik GmbH | Rail vehicle function |
-
2012
- 2012-08-01 DE DE102012213617.7A patent/DE102012213617B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-07-31 ES ES13178789T patent/ES2705009T3/en active Active
- 2013-07-31 EP EP13178789.7A patent/EP2692607B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-07-31 PL PL13178789T patent/PL2692607T3/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2705009T3 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
DE102012213617B4 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
DE102012213617A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
EP2692607A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
PL2692607T3 (en) | 2019-04-30 |
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