EP2686628A2 - Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique - Google Patents
Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogeniqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP2686628A2 EP2686628A2 EP12714763.5A EP12714763A EP2686628A2 EP 2686628 A2 EP2686628 A2 EP 2686628A2 EP 12714763 A EP12714763 A EP 12714763A EP 2686628 A2 EP2686628 A2 EP 2686628A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- exchanger
- air
- purge
- vaporizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/04103—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression using solely hydrostatic liquid head
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
- F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04418—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system with thermally overlapping high and low pressure columns
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04824—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming; Back-up procedures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04836—Variable air feed, i.e. "load" or product demand during specified periods, e.g. during periods with high respectively low power costs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
- F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
- F25J2200/54—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the low pressure column of a double pressure main column system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for air separation by air distillation.
- gaseous oxygen at a pressure of less than 9 bar abs, or even less than 5 bar abs.
- the gaseous oxygen may optionally contain less than 98 mol%. oxygen,
- the present invention proposes to vaporize the purge of deconcentration of a vaporizer in an exchanger in order to recover the frigories, this vaporizer being the exchanger for vaporizing a liquid from the apparatus under pressure to produce a gaseous product under pressure.
- an air separation apparatus comprising a double column comprising a medium pressure column and a low pressure column, a main exchanger, a vaporizer, a main compressor, means for sending all air to be treated in the double column to the main compressor to produce air substantially at the pressure P1 of the medium pressure column, means for sending a portion of the air substantially at a high pressure P2 to the main exchanger and then to the vaporizer, a pipe for sending air at least partially condensed in the vaporizer to at least one of the columns, a pipe for supplying air at the pressure P1 to the medium pressure column, pressurizing means, a pump, a pipe for withdrawing liquid oxygen from the low pressure column and for sending it to the pressurizing means, a conduit for supplying pressurized liquid oxygen at a pressure of less than 9 bar abs from the pressurizing means to the vaporizer, a conduit for sending gaseous oxygen from the vaporizer to the main exchanger to heat up to form a first rate of oxygen gas,
- the exchanger connected to the purge oxygen line is the main exchanger.
- the exchanger connected to the purge oxygen line is a heat exchanger separate from the main exchanger.
- the exchanger comprises passages connected to a supply air supply line and passages connected to a refrigerant supply line, possibly from the double column.
- the apparatus comprises a pressurized gas storage connected to the purge oxygen evacuation exchanger for collecting oxygen gas.
- a method of separating air in an apparatus comprising a double column comprising a medium pressure column and a low pressure column, a main exchanger, a vaporizer, a main compressor, means a pump, in which all the air to be treated in the double column is sent to the main compressor to produce air substantially at the pressure P1 of the medium pressure column, a portion of the air is sent substantially to a high pressure P2 to the main exchanger and then to the vaporizer, one sends air at least partially condensed in the vaporizer to at least one of the columns, air is sent at the pressure P1 to the medium pressure column, liquid oxygen is withdrawn from the low pressure column and is pressurized, pressurized liquid oxygen is sent at a pressure of less than 5 bar abs to the vaporizer, a first flow of oxygen gas is sent from the vaporizer to the main exchanger to heat up and pressurized liquid oxygen purge the vaporizer in the pump characterized in that the purge liquid oxygen is pressurized without having been
- the purge oxygen is pressurized at a pressure of at least 10 bar abs, preferably at least 15 bar abs, or even at least 20 bar abs in the second pump.
- the purge oxygen vaporizes in the main exchanger, the purge oxygen vaporizes in a heat exchanger other than the main exchanger.
- the second rate of oxygen gas is sent to a pressurized gas storage and serves as backup production.
- a variable amount of the second rate of oxygen gas is mixed with the first rate to produce a substantially constant mixed rate.
- the liquid oxygen withdrawn from the low pressure column contains at least 80 mol%.
- the liquid oxygen withdrawn from the low pressure column is the only flow containing at least 80 mol%. of oxygen withdrawn from the low pressure column.
- the liquid oxygen withdrawn from the low pressure column contains at most 98 mol%. oxygen.
- the apparatus comprises an exchange line 21 and a double column constituted by a medium pressure column 27 and a low pressure column 29.
- All the air 1 is compressed in the main compressor 2 to produce air at the pressure P1 substantially equal to the pressure of the medium pressure column 27.
- the air at the pressure P1 is cooled in a cooler 7, purified in a purification unit 9 and divided into three fractions.
- the first fraction 1 1 is supercharged in a booster, which can be constituted by the last stage of the main compressor, last stage which is part of the second part of the compressor.
- the pressure P1 is less than 5 bar abs, or even 4.5 bar abs, preferably less than 4 bar, and still less than 3.5 bar abs
- the first fraction 1 1 is brought to a pressure P2 by the booster 5 or an independent compressor 5 and cools to this pressure in a cooler (not shown) before being sent to the exchange line 21.
- the exchange line consists of an indirect aluminum heat exchanger with brazed plates.
- the fraction 1 1 is then sent in gaseous form to a vaporiser 41 where it is condensed at least partially before being expanded and sent to the medium pressure column 27.
- the pressure P2 is less than 15 bar abs, preferably less than 15 bar. 10 bar, and still less than 6 bar abs.
- the fraction 1 1 is less than half the flow 1, and preferably less than one third of the flow 1
- the second fraction 13 at the pressure P1 cools completely in the exchange line 21 and is divided into two streams.
- the first stream 23 is sent to a bottom reboiler 33 of the low pressure column 29 where it condenses at least partially and is sent to the medium pressure column, mixed with the flow 1 1.
- the second stream 25 is sent in gaseous form to the medium pressure column 27.
- the third fraction 15 is supercharged in a booster 17, partially cooled in the exchange line 21, withdrawn from the exchange line at an intermediate level thereof and expanded in a turbine 19 coupled to the booster 17 before being sent to the low pressure column 29.
- An oxygen-enriched liquid flow 55, an intermediate flow 53 and a nitrogen-rich liquid flow 51 are withdrawn from the medium-pressure column. 27, cooled in the exchanger 31, expanded and sent to different levels of the low pressure column 29.
- Medium pressure nitrogen gas 49 is condensed in an intermediate vaporizer 35 of the low pressure column 29 and sent as reflux to the top of the medium pressure column 27. Another flow of medium pressure nitrogen gas 47 is heated in the line of 'exchange.
- Liquid oxygen 37 containing at least 80 mol%. oxygen and optionally at most 98 mol%. oxygen, is withdrawn in the bottom of the low pressure column 29, pressurized by a pump 39 at a pressure lower than 9 bar abs, or even lower than 5 bar abs and sent to the vaporizer 41.
- the oxygen vaporizes in the vaporizer 41 by heat exchange with the air fraction 1 1 at the pressure P2. This oxygen then forms the first flow of pressurized gaseous oxygen 45 which heats up in the exchange line 21.
- the fraction of air 1 1 is partially condensed and is sent to the double column.
- the purge liquid 43 is pressurized to a pressure of at least 10 bar abs, or at least 15 bar abs, or even at least 20 bar abs in a pump 63 and then vaporizes in the exchange line 21.
- the second gas flow thus produced 59 is sent to a gaseous storage under pressure 3 and expanded to be mixed with the flow 45 via line 61.
- the pressurized purge liquid 43 may be vaporized in an auxiliary exchanger 21A, distinct from the exchange line, against an air flow 25A and with a refrigerant flow rate, for example a flow rate of nitrogen 57A heating the separation process.
- the flow 25A cooled in the exchanger 21A mixes with the cooled flow 25 and the flow of nitrogen 57A reheated in the exchanger 21 A mixes with the heated flow 57.
- the second flow of oxygen gas 59, 61 formed by the vaporization can be used as a backup gas during an interruption of the production of oxygen gas 45.
- the only air flow that serves to vaporize the purge oxygen 43 remains in gaseous form in the exchanger 21 A and the vaporization is carried out by sensible heat exchange.
- the pressurization by the pump 39 and / or 63 can be replaced by a hydrostatic pressurization in all the cases described.
- a variable amount of the second rate of oxygen gas is mixed with the first rate to produce a substantially constant mixed rate.
- This variable amount of the vaporized purge liquid can be mixed at the first flow rate 45 to smooth flow rate variations due, for example, to variations in the pressure of the oxygen network.
- oxygen By detecting a pressure reduction in line 45, due, for example, to increased oxygen demand, oxygen can be expanded and sent from storage 3 to line 45 through line 61.
- the oxygen flow rate 45 will reduce or be non-existent.
- the oxygen flow 63 of the storage 3 can feed a customer, the time that a backup vaporizer starts to avoid any production stop.
- Flow 37 is the only flow containing more than 60 mol%. of oxygen withdrawn from the low pressure column.
- Storage 3 operates at a higher pressure than flow 45.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1152272A FR2972794B1 (fr) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
PCT/FR2012/050500 WO2012127148A2 (fr) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-03-09 | Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2686628A2 true EP2686628A2 (fr) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2686628B1 EP2686628B1 (fr) | 2021-01-13 |
Family
ID=45974388
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12714763.5A Active EP2686628B1 (fr) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-03-09 | Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130340476A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2686628B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2012230171B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2828716C (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2859549T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2972794B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012127148A2 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201306723B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5997105B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-05 | 2016-09-28 | 神鋼エア・ウォーター・クライオプラント株式会社 | 空気分離方法 |
WO2015127648A1 (fr) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Distribution de courant de produit sous pression |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3327489A (en) * | 1960-08-25 | 1967-06-27 | Air Prod & Chem | Method for separating gaseous mixtures |
GB1314347A (en) * | 1970-03-16 | 1973-04-18 | Air Prod Ltd | Air rectification process for the production of oxygen |
GB1425450A (en) * | 1972-01-21 | 1976-02-18 | Air Prod & Chem | Air separation |
AT386279B (de) * | 1986-04-02 | 1988-07-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | Vorrichtung zur zerlegung von gasen mittels koaxial ineinander angeordneter rektifikationskolonnen |
US4796431A (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1989-01-10 | Erickson Donald C | Nitrogen partial expansion refrigeration for cryogenic air separation |
US5251451A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1993-10-12 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Multiple reboiler, double column, air boosted, elevated pressure air separation cycle and its integration with gas turbines |
FR2699992B1 (fr) | 1992-12-30 | 1995-02-10 | Air Liquide | Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression. |
FR2706195B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-07 | 1995-07-28 | Air Liquide | Procédé et unité de fourniture d'un gaz sous pression à une installation consommatrice d'un constituant de l'air. |
US5765396A (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-06-16 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing high pressure nitrogen and high pressure oxygen |
DE10052180A1 (de) * | 2000-10-20 | 2002-05-02 | Linde Ag | Drei-Säulen-System zur Tieftemperatur-Zerlegung von Luft |
JP3488695B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-09 | 2004-01-19 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | 窒素製造装置 |
DE10217091A1 (de) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-11-06 | Linde Ag | Drei-Säulen-System zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung mit Argongewinnung |
FR2842124B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-09 | 2005-03-25 | Air Liquide | Procede de conduite d'une installation de production de gaz alimentee en electricite et cette installation de production |
GB0219415D0 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2002-09-25 | Air Prod & Chem | Process and apparatus for cryogenic separation process |
US6957153B2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-10-18 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method of controlling production of a gaseous product |
AU2005225027A1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-02-08 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L"Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and apparatus for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation |
FR2943772A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-01 | Air Liquide | Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
DE102011113668A1 (de) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-21 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
-
2011
- 2011-03-18 FR FR1152272A patent/FR2972794B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-03-09 AU AU2012230171A patent/AU2012230171B2/en active Active
- 2012-03-09 EP EP12714763.5A patent/EP2686628B1/fr active Active
- 2012-03-09 WO PCT/FR2012/050500 patent/WO2012127148A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-03-09 CA CA2828716A patent/CA2828716C/fr active Active
- 2012-03-09 US US14/003,902 patent/US20130340476A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-03-09 ES ES12714763T patent/ES2859549T3/es active Active
-
2013
- 2013-09-06 ZA ZA2013/06723A patent/ZA201306723B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2012127148A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2972794A1 (fr) | 2012-09-21 |
US20130340476A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
CN104067079A (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
CA2828716C (fr) | 2020-02-25 |
EP2686628B1 (fr) | 2021-01-13 |
AU2012230171A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
WO2012127148A3 (fr) | 2014-12-04 |
ZA201306723B (en) | 2015-03-25 |
FR2972794B1 (fr) | 2015-11-06 |
WO2012127148A2 (fr) | 2012-09-27 |
CA2828716A1 (fr) | 2012-09-27 |
ES2859549T3 (es) | 2021-10-04 |
AU2012230171B2 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
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