EP2676009B1 - Activation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Activation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2676009B1
EP2676009B1 EP12708655.1A EP12708655A EP2676009B1 EP 2676009 B1 EP2676009 B1 EP 2676009B1 EP 12708655 A EP12708655 A EP 12708655A EP 2676009 B1 EP2676009 B1 EP 2676009B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
camshaft
split
actuation module
cam
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EP12708655.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2676009A1 (en
Inventor
Kai Hartel
Heino Schiller
Norman Wawrik
Hannes Dussenpond
Jens Kriete
Klaus Gebauer
Oswald Gehl
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2676009A1 publication Critical patent/EP2676009A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0476—Camshaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L2013/10—Auxiliary actuators for variable valve timing
    • F01L2013/101—Electromagnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an actuation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 1 of the invention.
  • the invention further relates to a method for assembling an actuating module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 8.
  • a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with at least one camshaft known.
  • the bearing which is furthest away from the drive wheel is also produced as a roller bearing, for example ball bearings.
  • the bearing bridges each have an opening which completely surrounds the camshaft.
  • the bearing bridges are undivided, wherein the bearing can have a roller bearing, for example a ball bearing, for mounting the camshaft.
  • the camshaft is cooled below a temperature of the cylinder head cover and fitted in the holes of the bearing bridges and in prefabricated cams. An assembly aid ensures correct alignment of the cams, in particular for the correct distance and the predetermined rotation of the same.
  • the cams are arranged between the undivided bearing bridges.
  • the DE 10 2006 005 333 A1 discloses a valve train which is installed in a cylinder head cover.
  • the valve train is intended to be used in an internal combustion engine and comprises a drive shaft with cams located thereon.
  • the drive shaft is held in bearings, which are largely guided in a sliding manner in the direction of a gas exchange valve longitudinal axis.
  • the bearings are divided into two parts, the individual parts are bolted together.
  • the invention has for its object to improve an actuating module and a method of the type mentioned above in that a simple and inexpensive installation is achieved and a variation of the cam lift is possible.
  • the cylinder head cover for supporting the camshaft has at least one split bearing bridge, which has a bearing base and a Has bearing cap, each forming a bearing opening with radially inner bearing surface, provided, and wherein at least one cam piece has a bearing element, which is arranged in one of the at least one split bearing bridge radially between the camshaft and the bearing surface.
  • a particularly simple manufacture and assembly is achieved in that at least one bearing element and a cam piece are integrally formed with each other.
  • the cylinder head cover has at least one undivided bearing point.
  • a reduction of frictional forces within an undivided bearing of the camshaft or toothed shaft is achieved in that a rolling bearing, in particular a ball bearing, is arranged in at least one undivided bearing point.
  • a particularly reliable and functionally reliable design of the actuating module is achieved in that the camshaft has a toothed drive shaft, wherein this is mounted in an undivided bearing point.
  • a valve switching system is achieved in that at least one cam piece is designed and arranged such that it is axially displaceable on the camshaft or toothed shaft.
  • a simple assembly is achieved by the fact that the bearing base is formed integrally with the cylinder head cover.
  • a correct position mounting of the cam pieces is achieved by aligning the cam pieces during or after step (a).
  • At least one bearing cap is mounted on a respective bearing base before or after step (b).
  • a low-friction bearing of the camshaft on at least one undivided bearing point is achieved in that before step (a) at least one roller bearing, in particular a ball bearing, is pressed onto at least one camshaft at a location after step (b) arranged in the undivided bearing area is.
  • a simple assembly of a built camshaft with at least one axially displaceable on the camshaft cam piece is achieved in that after step (a) and before Step (b) an actuating mechanism for a camshaft axially displaceable cam piece is mounted.
  • a fixed mounting of the cam pieces for axial insertion of the camshaft is achieved in that in step (a) the cam pieces are each inserted into a bearing base.
  • a special form of this built camshaft is achieved in that after step (b) at least one cam piece rotatably connected to the camshaft, in particular pinned, is.
  • an actuating module comprises a cylinder head cover 10 with split bearing bridges 12 and two camshafts 14, each having first and second cam pieces 16, 17.
  • the cylinder head cover 10 also has, for each of the camshafts 14 on both sides in each case an undivided bearing 18, wherein in one of two bearings 18 for a camshaft 14, a roller bearing 20, in particular ball bearings, is arranged.
  • the roller bearing 20 simultaneously provides an axial fixation of the cam or toothed shaft 14.
  • the first cam pieces 16 are rotationally fixed and axially fixedly arranged on the camshaft 14.
  • the second cam pieces 17 are rotatably connected to the camshaft 14, but additionally axially displaceable by a predetermined path relative to the camshaft, as indicated by double arrows 24, so that optionally different cam contours for actuation of a respective gas exchange valve (not shown) can be adjusted. In this way, a valve switching mechanism is available.
  • Corresponding switching devices 22 for axially displacing the second cam pieces 17 are arranged on the cylinder head cover 10.
  • Each cam piece 16, 17 integrally has a bearing element 26 and the cam pieces 16, 17 are arranged in the split bearing bridges 12, so that the cam pieces 16, 17 and their respective bearing element 26 between the respective bearing bridge 12 and the Camshaft 14 are arranged.
  • the bearing bridges 12 each comprise a bearing base 28, which is formed integrally with the cylinder head cover 10, and a bearing cap 30 (FIG. Fig. 2 ). In the presentation of Fig. 1 the bearing caps are not yet attached to the respective bearing bases 28, so that only the bearing bases 28 can be seen from the split bearing bridges 12.
  • a bearing base 28 and a bearing cap 30 form a bearing opening, through which a camshaft engages and which forms a bearing surface 32 facing the camshaft 14 ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the cam pieces 16, 17 and their bearing elements 26 are arranged in the respective bearing bridge 12 between the camshaft 14 and the bearing surface 32.
  • a housing of the cylinder head cover 10 may be formed undivided. In this way, the cylinder head cover 10 is easier to seal than a cylinder head cover 10 with a split housing, wherein the housing parts have the two complementary parts (base and cover) of the split bearing bridge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Betätigungsmodul für mindestens ein Gaswechselventil einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 der Erfindung. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum Zusammenbau eines Betätigungsmoduls für mindestens ein Gaswechselventil einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 8.The invention relates to an actuation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 1 of the invention. The invention further relates to a method for assembling an actuating module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 8.

Aus der DE 198 07 675 A1 ist ein Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit wenigstens einer Nockenwelle bekannt. Zur möglichst reibungsarmen Lagerung der Nockenwelle ist eine einem Antriebsrad für die Nockenwelle unmittelbar benachbarte Lagerstelle im Bereich eines äußeren Steges als Wälzlager, beispielsweise Kugellager, ausgebildet und die weiteren Lagerstellen sind als Gleitlager gefertigt. Optional ist auch das Lager, welches vom Antriebsrad am weitesten entfernt ist, ebenfalls als Wälzlager, beispielsweise Kugellager, hergestellt.From the DE 198 07 675 A1 is a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with at least one camshaft known. For the lowest possible bearing of the camshaft, a drive wheel for the camshaft immediately adjacent bearing in the region of an outer web as a rolling bearing, such as ball bearings, formed and the other bearings are made as plain bearings. Optionally, the bearing which is furthest away from the drive wheel is also produced as a roller bearing, for example ball bearings.

Aus der DE 103 31 089 A1 ist eine Zylinderkopfhaube für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit mindestens einer Nockenwelle bekannt, wobei die Nockenwelle durch wenigstens eine Lagerbrücke entlang einer Lagergasse für die Nockenwelle in der Zylinderkopfhaube hindurch ragt. Die Lagerbrücken weisen jeweils eine Öffnung auf, die die Nockenwelle vollständig umschließt. Die Lagerbrücken sind ungeteilt, wobei die Lagerung ein Wälzlager, beispielsweise ein Kugellager, zur Lagerung der Nockenwelle aufweisen kann. Zur Montage wird die Nockenwelle unter eine Temperatur der Zylinderkopfhaube gekühlt und in die Bohrungen der Lagerbrücken sowie in vorgefertigte Nocken eingepasst. Eine Montagehilfe sorgt für eine korrekte Ausrichtung der Nocken, insbesondere für den richtigen Abstand und die vorbestimmte Verdrehung derselben. Die Nocken sind zwischen den ungeteilten Lagerbrücken angeordnet.From the DE 103 31 089 A1 is a cylinder head cover for an internal combustion engine with at least one camshaft known, wherein the camshaft protrudes through at least one bearing bridge along a bearing lane for the camshaft in the cylinder head cover. The bearing bridges each have an opening which completely surrounds the camshaft. The bearing bridges are undivided, wherein the bearing can have a roller bearing, for example a ball bearing, for mounting the camshaft. For assembly, the camshaft is cooled below a temperature of the cylinder head cover and fitted in the holes of the bearing bridges and in prefabricated cams. An assembly aid ensures correct alignment of the cams, in particular for the correct distance and the predetermined rotation of the same. The cams are arranged between the undivided bearing bridges.

Aus der DE 10 2006 059 188 A1 ist ein Aktuator zur Positionierung eines Stellglieds eines variablen Ventiltriebs einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Zylinderkopfhaube und einer außenverzahnten Nockenwelle bekannt. Auf der Nockenwelle ist mindestens ein Nockenstück angeordnet, welches ein Lagerelement aufweist, das in einer Lagerbrücke radial zwischen der Nockenwelle und der Lagerfläche angeordnet ist. Überdies ist aus der DE 10 2009 014 517 A1 ein Ventiltrieb für Gaswechselventile einer Brennkraftmaschine mit verschiebbarem Nockenwellengeberrad bekannt.From the DE 10 2006 059 188 A1 An actuator for positioning an actuator of a variable valve train of an internal combustion engine with a cylinder head cover and an externally toothed camshaft is known. At least one cam piece is arranged on the camshaft, which has a bearing element which is arranged in a bearing bridge radially between the camshaft and the bearing surface. Moreover, from the DE 10 2009 014 517 A1 a valve train for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine with displaceable Nockenwellengeberrad known.

Die DE 10 2006 005 333 A1 offenbart einen Ventiltrieb, der in einer Zylinderkopfhaube verbaut ist. Der Ventiltrieb soll bei einer Brennkraftmaschine eingesetzt werden und umfasst eine Antriebswelle mit darauf befindlichen Nocken. Die Antriebswelle wird in Lagern gehalten, die weitgehend in Richtung einer Gaswechselventillängsachse schiebbeweglich geführt sind. Die Lager sind zweigeteilt, die Einzelteile sind miteinander verschraubt.The DE 10 2006 005 333 A1 discloses a valve train which is installed in a cylinder head cover. The valve train is intended to be used in an internal combustion engine and comprises a drive shaft with cams located thereon. The drive shaft is held in bearings, which are largely guided in a sliding manner in the direction of a gas exchange valve longitudinal axis. The bearings are divided into two parts, the individual parts are bolted together.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Betätigungsmodul und ein Verfahren der oben genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass eine einfache und kostengünstige Montage erzielt wird und eine Variation des Nockenhubes möglich ist.The invention has for its object to improve an actuating module and a method of the type mentioned above in that a simple and inexpensive installation is achieved and a variation of the cam lift is possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Betätigungsmodul der oben genannten Art mit den in Anspruch 1 gekennzeichneten Merkmalen und durch ein Verfahren der oben genannten Art mit in Anspruch 8 angegebenen Verfahrensschritten gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved by an actuation module of the type mentioned above with the features characterized in claim 1 and by a method of the type mentioned above in claim 8 method steps. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the further claims.

Dazu ist ausgehend von einem Betätigungsmodul für mindestens ein Gaswechselventil einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Zylinderkopfhaube und mindestens einer Nockenwelle, insbesondere Zahnwelle, mit mindestens einem auf der Nockenwelle angeordneten Nockenstück, wobei die Zylinderkopfhaube zum Lagern der Nockenwelle mindestens eine geteilte Lagerbrücke aufweist, die eine Lagerbasis und einen Lagerdeckel aufweist, die jeweils eine Lageröffnung mit radial innen liegender Lagerfläche ausbilden, vorgesehen, und wobei mindestens ein Nockenstück ein Lagerelement aufweist, welches in einer der mindestens einen geteilten Lagerbrücke radial zwischen der Nockenwelle und der Lagerfläche angeordnet ist.For this purpose, starting from an actuation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine with a cylinder head cover and at least one camshaft, in particular toothed shaft, with at least one arranged on the camshaft cam piece, the cylinder head cover for supporting the camshaft has at least one split bearing bridge, which has a bearing base and a Has bearing cap, each forming a bearing opening with radially inner bearing surface, provided, and wherein at least one cam piece has a bearing element, which is arranged in one of the at least one split bearing bridge radially between the camshaft and the bearing surface.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Lagerung der Nockenwelle und der Nockenstücke unabhängig ist und gleichzeitig durch die Teilung der Lagerbrücken unabhängig von einem Gehäuse der Zylinderkopfhaube dieses Gehäuse nicht geteilt ausgebildet sein muss, so dass eine einfache Abdichtung der Zylinderkopfhaube möglich ist.This has the advantage that the bearing of the camshaft and the cam pieces is independent and at the same time must not be formed divided by the division of the bearing bridges regardless of a housing of the cylinder head cover this case, so that a simple sealing of the cylinder head cover is possible.

Eine besonders einfache Herstellung und Montage erzielt man dadurch, dass mindestens ein Lagerelement und ein Nockenstück einstückig miteinander ausgebildet sind.A particularly simple manufacture and assembly is achieved in that at least one bearing element and a cam piece are integrally formed with each other.

Zum zusätzlichen Lagern der Nockenwelle bzw. Zahnwelle weist die Zylinderkopfhaube mindestens eine ungeteilte Lagerstelle auf.For additional storage of the camshaft or toothed shaft, the cylinder head cover has at least one undivided bearing point.

Eine Reduzierung von Reibungskräften innerhalb eines ungeteilten Lagers der Nocken- bzw. Zahnwelle erzielt man dadurch, dass in mindestens einer ungeteilten Lagerstelle ein Wälzlager, insbesondere ein Kugellager, angeordnet ist.A reduction of frictional forces within an undivided bearing of the camshaft or toothed shaft is achieved in that a rolling bearing, in particular a ball bearing, is arranged in at least one undivided bearing point.

Eine besonders zuverlässige und funktionssichere Ausführung des Betätigungsmoduls erzielt man dadurch, dass die Nockenwelle eine verzahnte Antriebswelle aufweist, wobei diese in einer ungeteilten Lagerstelle gelagert ist.A particularly reliable and functionally reliable design of the actuating module is achieved in that the camshaft has a toothed drive shaft, wherein this is mounted in an undivided bearing point.

Ein Ventilumschaltsystem erzielt man dadurch, dass mindestens ein Nockenstück derart ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass dieses auf der Nocken- bzw. Zahnwelle axial verschiebbar ist.A valve switching system is achieved in that at least one cam piece is designed and arranged such that it is axially displaceable on the camshaft or toothed shaft.

Eine einfache Montage erzielt man dadurch, dass die Lagerbasis einstückig mit der Zylinderkopfhaube ausgebildet ist.A simple assembly is achieved by the fact that the bearing base is formed integrally with the cylinder head cover.

Weiterhin sind bei einem Verfahren der oben genannten Art erfindungsgemäß folgende Schritte vorgesehen,

  1. (a) Einlegen aller Nockenstücke mit Lagerelementen in eine jeweilige geteilte Lagerbrücke;
  2. (b) Einschieben der Nocken- bzw. Zahnwelle durch die Lagerelemente.
Furthermore, according to the invention, the following steps are provided in a method of the abovementioned type,
  1. (a) placing all cam pieces with bearing elements in a respective split bearing bridge;
  2. (B) insertion of the cam or toothed shaft by the bearing elements.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise ein schaltbarer Ventiltrieb in einer Zylinderkopfhaube montierbar ist, die sowohl geteilte Lagerbrücken als auch ungeteilte Lagerstellen aufweist.This has the advantage that in a simple and cost-effective manner, a switchable valve train can be mounted in a cylinder head cover, which has both split bearing bridges and undivided bearings.

Eine lagerichtige Montage der Nockenstücke erzielt man dadurch, dass während oder nach Schritt (a) die Nockenstücke ausgerichtet werden.A correct position mounting of the cam pieces is achieved by aligning the cam pieces during or after step (a).

Zum mechanischen Zurückhalten der Nockenstücke in den geteilten Lagerbrücken sowie zum Vervollständigen der Lagerstellen in den Lagerbrücken wird vor oder nach Schritt (b) mindestens ein Lagerdeckel auf einer jeweiligen Lagerbasis befestigt.For mechanical retention of the cam pieces in the split bearing bridges and to complete the bearings in the bearing bridges at least one bearing cap is mounted on a respective bearing base before or after step (b).

Eine reibungsarme Lagerung der Nockenwelle an mindestens einer ungeteilten Lagerstelle erzielt man dadurch, dass vor Schritt (a) mindestens ein Wälzlager, insbesondere ein Kugellager, auf mindestens eine Nockenwelle an einer Stelle aufgepresst wird, die nach Schritt (b) im Bereich der ungeteilten Lagerstelle angeordnet ist.A low-friction bearing of the camshaft on at least one undivided bearing point is achieved in that before step (a) at least one roller bearing, in particular a ball bearing, is pressed onto at least one camshaft at a location after step (b) arranged in the undivided bearing area is.

Eine einfache Montage einer gebauten Nockenwelle mit mindestens einem axial auf der Nockenwelle verschiebbaren Nockenstück erzielt man dadurch, dass nach Schritt (a) und vor Schritt (b) ein Betätigungsmechanismus für ein auf der Nockenwelle axial verschiebbares Nockenstück montiert wird.A simple assembly of a built camshaft with at least one axially displaceable on the camshaft cam piece is achieved in that after step (a) and before Step (b) an actuating mechanism for a camshaft axially displaceable cam piece is mounted.

Eine fixierte Halterung der Nockenstücke zum axialen Einschieben der Nockenwelle erzielt man dadurch, dass in Schritt (a) die Nockenstücke jeweils in eine Lagerbasis eingelegt werden.A fixed mounting of the cam pieces for axial insertion of the camshaft is achieved in that in step (a) the cam pieces are each inserted into a bearing base.

Eine besondere Form dieser gebauten Nockenwelle erzielt man dadurch, dass nach Schritt (b) mindestens ein Nockenstück drehfest mit der Nockenwelle verbunden, insbesondere verstiftet, wird.A special form of this built camshaft is achieved in that after step (b) at least one cam piece rotatably connected to the camshaft, in particular pinned, is.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine beispielhafte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsmoduls in perspektivischer Ansicht und
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht des Betätigungsmoduls gemäß Fig. 1 in einer eine Nockenwelle schneidenden Ebene.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. This shows in
Fig. 1
an exemplary embodiment of an actuating module according to the invention in a perspective view and
Fig. 2
a sectional view of the actuating module according to Fig. 1 in a plane intersecting a camshaft.

Die in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte, bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsmoduls umfasst eine Zylinderkopfhaube 10 mit geteilten Lagerbrücken 12 und zwei Nockenwellen 14, die jeweils erste und zweite Nockenstücke 16, 17 aufweisen. Die Zylinderkopfhaube 10 weist ferner für jede der Nockenwellen 14 beidseits jeweils eine ungeteilte Lagerstelle 18 auf, wobei in einer von zwei Lagerstellen 18 für eine Nockenwelle 14 ein Wälzlager 20, insbesondere Kugellager, angeordnet ist. Das Wälzlager 20 stellt gleichzeitig eine axiale Fixierung der Nocken- bzw. Zahnwelle 14 zur Verfügung.In the Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated, preferred embodiment of an actuating module according to the invention comprises a cylinder head cover 10 with split bearing bridges 12 and two camshafts 14, each having first and second cam pieces 16, 17. The cylinder head cover 10 also has, for each of the camshafts 14 on both sides in each case an undivided bearing 18, wherein in one of two bearings 18 for a camshaft 14, a roller bearing 20, in particular ball bearings, is arranged. The roller bearing 20 simultaneously provides an axial fixation of the cam or toothed shaft 14.

Die ersten Nockenstücke 16 sind drehfest und axial fest auf der Nockenwelle 14 angeordnet. Die zweiten Nockenstücke 17 sind drehfest mit der Nockenwelle 14 verbunden, jedoch zusätzlich um einen vorbestimmten Weg axial relativ zur Nockenwelle verschiebbar, wie mit Doppelpfeilen 24 angedeutet, so dass wahlweise verschiedene Nockenkonturen für eine Betätigung eines jeweiligen Gaswechselventils (nicht dargestellt) eingestellt werden können. Auf diese Weise steht ein Ventilumschaltmechanismus zur Verfügung. Entsprechende Schaltvorrichtungen 22 zum axialen Verschieben der zweiten Nockenstücke 17 sind an der Zylinderkopfhaube 10 angeordnet.The first cam pieces 16 are rotationally fixed and axially fixedly arranged on the camshaft 14. The second cam pieces 17 are rotatably connected to the camshaft 14, but additionally axially displaceable by a predetermined path relative to the camshaft, as indicated by double arrows 24, so that optionally different cam contours for actuation of a respective gas exchange valve (not shown) can be adjusted. In this way, a valve switching mechanism is available. Corresponding switching devices 22 for axially displacing the second cam pieces 17 are arranged on the cylinder head cover 10.

Jedes Nockenstück 16, 17 weist einstückig ein Lagerelement 26 auf und die Nockenstücke 16, 17 sind in den geteilten Lagerbrücken 12 angeordnet, so dass die Nockenstücke 16, 17 bzw. deren jeweiliges Lagerelement 26 jeweils zwischen der jeweiligen Lagerbrücke 12 und der Nockenwelle 14 angeordnet sind. Die Lagerbrücken 12 umfassen jeweils eine Lagerbasis 28, die einstückig mit der Zylinderkopfhaube 10 ausgebildet ist, und einen Lagerdeckel 30 (Fig. 2). In der Darstellung von Fig. 1 sind die Lagerdeckel noch nicht auf den jeweiligen Lagerbasen 28 befestigt, so dass von den geteilten Lagerbrücken 12 nur die Lagerbasen 28 zu sehen sind. Jeweils eine Lagerbasis 28 und ein Lagerdeckel 30 bilden eine Lageröffnung aus, durch die eine Nockenwelle greift und die eine der Nockenwelle 14 zugewandte Lagerfläche 32 ausbildet (Fig. 2). Die Nockenstücke 16, 17 bzw. deren Lagerelemente 26 sind in der jeweiligen Lagerbrücke 12 zwischen der Nockenwelle 14 und der Lagerfläche 32 angeordnet.Each cam piece 16, 17 integrally has a bearing element 26 and the cam pieces 16, 17 are arranged in the split bearing bridges 12, so that the cam pieces 16, 17 and their respective bearing element 26 between the respective bearing bridge 12 and the Camshaft 14 are arranged. The bearing bridges 12 each comprise a bearing base 28, which is formed integrally with the cylinder head cover 10, and a bearing cap 30 (FIG. Fig. 2 ). In the presentation of Fig. 1 the bearing caps are not yet attached to the respective bearing bases 28, so that only the bearing bases 28 can be seen from the split bearing bridges 12. In each case a bearing base 28 and a bearing cap 30 form a bearing opening, through which a camshaft engages and which forms a bearing surface 32 facing the camshaft 14 ( Fig. 2 ). The cam pieces 16, 17 and their bearing elements 26 are arranged in the respective bearing bridge 12 between the camshaft 14 and the bearing surface 32.

Durch die geteilten Lagerbrücken 12 kann ein Gehäuse der Zylinderkopfhaube 10 ungeteilt ausgebildet sein. Auf diese Weise ist die Zylinderkopfhaube 10 einfacher abzudichten als eine Zylinderkopfhaube 10 mit geteiltem Gehäuse, wobei die Gehäuseteile die beiden komplementären Teile (Basis und Deckel) der geteilten Lagerbrücke aufweisen.Due to the split bearing bridges 12, a housing of the cylinder head cover 10 may be formed undivided. In this way, the cylinder head cover 10 is easier to seal than a cylinder head cover 10 with a split housing, wherein the housing parts have the two complementary parts (base and cover) of the split bearing bridge.

Zur Montage des erfindungsgemäßen Betätigungsmoduls wird beispielhaft wie folgt vorgegangen:

  • Zunächst werden die Nockenstücke 16, 17 in die Lagerbasen 28 der geteilten Lagerbrücken 12 derart eingelegt, dass die Lagerelemente 26 der Nockenstücke 16, 17 an der jeweiligen von der Lagerbasis 28 ausgebildeten Lagerfläche 32 anliegen. Die Nockenstücke 16, 17 werden dann lagerichtig ausgerichtet. Auf die noch nicht montierten Nocken- bzw. Zahnwellen 14 wird jeweils ein Wälzlager 20, beispielsweise Kugellager, insbesondere ein Rillenkugellager, an einer Stelle aufgepresst, die nach der Montage der Nockenwelle 14 in einer jeweiligen Lagergasse der Zylinderkopfhaube 10 im Bereich der ungeteilten Lagerstelle 18 liegt. Betätigungseinrichtungen für die axial verschiebbaren zweiten Nockenstücke 17 werden vormontiert. Diese Betätigungseinrichtungen umfassen beispielsweise Feder und Kugel, die beim Einschieben der Nockenwelle 14 verrasten. Anschließend wird die Nockenwelle 14 durch die ungeteilten Lagerstellen 18 und die Nockenstücke 16, 17 in den Lagerbrücken 12 axial eingeschoben. Die Nockenwelle 14 ist dadurch endseitig durch die ungeteilten Lager 18 direkt und durch die geteilten Lagerbrücken 12 indirekt über die Nockenstücke 16, 17 gelagert. Das Wälzlager 20 wird in die ungeteilte Lagerstelle 18 eingepresst. Als nächstes erfolgt die Montage eines ersten Endstückes 34 mit Pumpennocken sowie die Montage eines zweiten Endstückes 36 mit Wasserpumpenantrieb. Schließlich werden die ersten Nockenstücke 16 mechanisch fest mit der Nockenwelle 14, beispielsweise mittels Verstiften, verbunden, so dass diese ersten Nockenstücke 16 drehfest und axial fixiert mit der Nockenwelle 14 verbunden sind.
  • Anschließend wird noch an der Seite der Wälzlager 20 eine Wellendichtung eingepresst und an dem gegenüberliegenden Ende der Nockenwellen 14 ein Deckel 38 montiert.
For mounting the actuation module according to the invention, the following procedure is used as an example:
  • First, the cam pieces 16, 17 are inserted into the bearing bases 28 of the split bearing bridges 12 such that the bearing elements 26 of the cam pieces 16, 17 bear against the respective bearing surface 32 formed by the bearing base 28. The cam pieces 16, 17 are then aligned in the correct position. In each case, a rolling bearing 20, for example ball bearings, in particular a deep groove ball bearing, is pressed onto the not yet mounted camshaft or toothed shaft 14 at a point which lies in the area of the undivided bearing point 18 after assembly of the camshaft 14 in a respective bearing lane of the cylinder head cover 10 , Actuators for the axially displaceable second cam pieces 17 are preassembled. These actuators include, for example, spring and ball that lock when inserting the camshaft 14. Subsequently, the camshaft 14 is axially inserted through the undivided bearings 18 and the cam pieces 16, 17 in the bearing bridges 12. The camshaft 14 is thereby supported by the undivided bearings 18 directly and indirectly by the split bearing bridges 12 via the cam pieces 16, 17. The rolling bearing 20 is pressed into the undivided bearing 18. Next, the installation of a first end piece 34 with pump cam and the installation of a second end piece 36 with water pump drive. Finally, the first cam pieces 16 are mechanically fixedly connected to the camshaft 14, for example by means of pinning, so that these first cam pieces 16 are rotationally fixed and axially fixed to the camshaft 14.
  • Subsequently, a shaft seal is pressed on the side of the rolling bearing 20 and at the opposite end of the camshaft 14, a lid 38 is mounted.

Insgesamt ergeben sich aus der Erfindung noch folgende Vorteile:

  • Der Zylinderkopf eines Motors mit konventioneller Nockenwelle und eines Motors mit variablem Ventiltrieb sind identisch. Alle Umfänge, die sich zwischen den Motorenvarianten ändern, sind innerhalb der Zylinderkopfhaube untergebracht. So kann ein Haubenmodul mit konventioneller Nockenwelle und ein Haubenmodul mit einem schaltbaren Ventiltrieb, der eine Abschaltung der Ventile von 2 Zylindern realisiert, für einen ansonsten konstruktiv unveränderten Motor vorgesehen werden. Beide Varianten sind realisierbar ohne den Basismotor zu ändern. Bei bisher bekannten Konstruktionen sind hierfür zwei unterschiedliche Zylinderköpfe notwendig.
  • Die Nockenstücke werden in die geteilten Lager innerhalb der Zylinderkopfhaube eingelegt und die verzahnte Antriebswelle anschließend in die Zylinderkopfhaube eingesteckt. So sind das erste und das letzte Lager der Nockenwelle ungeteilt. Dies reduziert die Reibung dieser Lager und ermöglicht eine nach außen abgeschlossene Zylinderkopfhaube. Es ist nicht notwendig, die Zylinderkopfhaube auf Höhe der Nockenwellen komplett zu trennen, um die vorher montierte Nockenwelle einzulegen. Somit ist auch keine Abdichtung der außen liegenden Trennfuge notwendig. Alle Trennfugen der Lagerung liegen innerhalb der Haube und müssen somit nicht öldicht abgedichtet werden.
  • Als Axiallager wird ein Kugellager eingesetzt. Wenn man diese Kugellager axial in ein geschlossenes Lager einpresst und so fixiert, wird es annähernd rotationssymmetrisch verpresst. Wenn man ein Kugellager in ein geteiltes Lager einlegt und mit einer Lagerbrücke versieht, wird es in eine ovale Form gedrückt. Alternativ ist es allerdings möglich ein konventionelles Gleitlager vorzusehen, welches wiederum über eine ungeteilte Lauffläche und damit Reibleistungsvorteile besitzt.
Overall, the invention provides the following advantages:
  • The cylinder head of a conventional camshaft engine and a variable valve train engine are identical. All circumferences that change between the engine variants are housed within the cylinder head cover. Thus, a hood module with conventional camshaft and a hood module with a switchable valve train, which realizes a shutdown of the valves of 2 cylinders, are provided for an otherwise structurally unchanged engine. Both variants can be realized without changing the base engine. In previously known constructions two different cylinder heads are necessary for this purpose.
  • The cam pieces are inserted into the split bearings inside the cylinder head cover and the toothed drive shaft is then inserted into the cylinder head cover. Thus, the first and the last bearing of the camshaft are undivided. This reduces the friction of these bearings and allows an outwardly closed cylinder head cover. It is not necessary to completely separate the cylinder head cover at the level of the camshafts to insert the previously assembled camshaft. Thus, no sealing of the outer parting line is necessary. All joints of the storage are within the hood and therefore need not be sealed oil-tight.
  • As thrust bearing a ball bearing is used. If you press these ball bearings axially into a closed bearing and so fixed, it is pressed approximately rotationally symmetrical. If you insert a ball bearing in a split bearing and provide it with a bearing bridge, it is pressed into an oval shape. Alternatively, however, it is possible to provide a conventional plain bearing, which in turn has an undivided tread and thus friction performance advantages.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
ZylinderkopfhaubeCylinder head cover
1212
geteilte Lagerbrückedivided bearing bridge
1414
Nockenwellecamshaft
1616
erstes Nockenstück, festfirst cam piece, fixed
1717
zweites Nockenstück, axial verschiebbar.second cam piece, axially displaceable.
1818
ungeteilte Lagerstelleundivided depository
2020
Wälzlager / KugellagerRolling bearings / ball bearings
2222
Schaltvorrichtungswitching device
2424
Doppelpfeildouble arrow
2626
Lagerelementbearing element
2828
Lagerbasisbearing base
3030
Lagerdeckelbearing cap
3232
Lagerflächestorage area
3434
erstes Endstück mit Pumpennockenfirst tail with pump cam
3636
zweites Endstück mit Wasserpumpenantriebsecond end piece with water pump drive
3838
Deckelcover

Claims (15)

  1. Actuation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine, having a cylinder-head cover (10) and at least one camshaft (14), in particular toothed shaft, with at least one cam piece (16, 17) arranged on the camshaft (14), characterized in that the cylinder-head cover (10) has, for the mounting of the camshaft (14), at least one split bearing bracket (12) which has a bearing base (28) and a bearing cover (30), which in each case form a bearing opening with a radially internally situated bearing surface (32), and wherein at least one cam piece (16, 17) has a bearing element (26) which is arranged in one of the at least one split bearing brackets (12) radially between the camshaft (14) and the bearing surface (32).
  2. Actuation module according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one bearing element (26) and one cam piece (16, 17) are formed integrally with one another.
  3. Actuation module according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder-head cover (10) has at least one non-split bearing point (18).
  4. Actuation module according to Claim 3, characterized in that a rolling bearing (20), in particular a ball bearing, is arranged in at least one non-split bearing point (18).
  5. Actuation module according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the camshaft (14) has a toothed drive shaft, wherein said drive shaft is mounted in a non-split bearing point (18).
  6. Actuation module according to at least one of the preceding claims, 1 characterized in that at least one cam piece (17) is designed and arranged so as to be axially displaceable on the camshaft (14).
  7. Actuation module according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing base (28) is formed integrally with the cylinder-head cover (10).
  8. Method for assembling an actuation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine, wherein the actuation module is designed according to at least one of the preceding claims and has at least one non-split bearing point (18), characterized by the following steps:
    (a) placing at least one or all of the cam pieces (16, 17) with bearing elements (26) into a respective split bearing bracket (12);
    (b) pushing the camshaft (14) in through the bearing elements (26).
  9. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the cam pieces (16, 17) are aligned during or after step (a).
  10. Method according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, before or after step (b), at least one bearing cover (30) is fastened to a respective bearing base (28).
  11. Method according to at least one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that, before step (a), at least one rolling bearing (20), in particular a ball bearing (20), is pressed onto at least one camshaft (14) at a location which, after step (b), is arranged in the region of the non-split bearing point (18).
  12. Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the rolling bearing (20) is fastened in the non-split bearing point (18), in particular pressed into the non-split bearing point (18), after step (b).
  13. Method according to at least one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that an actuating mechanism for a cam piece (17) which is axially displaceable on the camshaft (14) is installed after step (a) and before step (b).
  14. Method according to at least one of Claims 8 to 13, characterized in that, in step (a), the cam pieces. (16, 17) are placed into in each case one bearing base (28).
  15. Method according to at least one of Claims 8 to 14, characterized in that, after step (b), at least one cam piece (16) is rotationally conjointly connected, in particular pinned, to the camshaft (14).
EP12708655.1A 2011-02-19 2012-01-23 Activation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine Active EP2676009B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011011803A DE102011011803A1 (en) 2011-02-19 2011-02-19 Actuation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2012/000284 WO2012110191A1 (en) 2011-02-19 2012-01-23 Activation module for at least one gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine

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EP2676009A1 EP2676009A1 (en) 2013-12-25
EP2676009B1 true EP2676009B1 (en) 2015-04-15

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DE (1) DE102011011803A1 (en)
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CN103370501B (en) 2016-03-16
WO2012110191A1 (en) 2012-08-23
DE102011011803A1 (en) 2012-08-23
EP2676009A1 (en) 2013-12-25
CN103370501A (en) 2013-10-23

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