EP2668453A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung der reflektionseigenschaften eines reflektors - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung der reflektionseigenschaften eines reflektorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2668453A2 EP2668453A2 EP12708493.7A EP12708493A EP2668453A2 EP 2668453 A2 EP2668453 A2 EP 2668453A2 EP 12708493 A EP12708493 A EP 12708493A EP 2668453 A2 EP2668453 A2 EP 2668453A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reflector
- radiation
- pattern
- operating parameters
- concentrator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/005—Testing of reflective surfaces, e.g. mirrors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
- F24S23/745—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces flexible
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
- F24S2050/25—Calibration means; Methods for initial positioning of solar concentrators or solar receivers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring the reflection properties of a reflector in its operation according to the preamble of claim 1, a reflector unit for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 8 and a method for operating the reflector unit according to claim 14.
- Reflectors of the type mentioned are known and serve various purposes, such as antennas or solar panels. Predominantly, but not exclusively, such reflectors bundle or concentrate the received radiation, as is the case in radio astronomy for parabolic antennas or in solar technology for solar concentrators. Large radio astronomical antennas have a solid structure and are correspondingly expensive, as is the case with large solar concentrators, which are used industrially in solar power plants. However, this also applies to smaller units, which are often used as a composite to direct the concentrated or concentrated radiation together on a receiver or absorber element.
- dish sterling systems particularly in the field of solar thermal power plants, three basic forms are in use today: dish sterling systems, solar tower power plant systems and parabolic trough systems.
- Dish Sterling systems are equipped with dual axis rotatably mounted paraboloidal mirrors, with a diameter of a few meters up to 10m and more, which then achieves powers of up to 50 kW per module.
- the paraboloidal mirrors may be subdivided into individual mirror segments, so that the paraboloidal shape is approximated as well as possible at reasonable costs. Dish Sterling systems have not generally prevailed.
- Solar tower power plant systems have a central, elevated (on the "tower") mounted absorber for the hundreds of thousands of individual mirrors with mirrored to him sunlight, so that the radiation energy of the sun over the many mirrors or concentrators concentrated in the absorber and so temperatures be achieved up to 1300 ° C, which is favorable for the efficiency of the downstream thermal machines (usually a steam or fluid turbine power plant for power generation).
- California Solar has a capacity of several MW.
- the PS20 plant in Spain has an output of 20 MW.
- Solar tower power plants (in spite of the advantageously achievable high temperatures) to date also found no greater distribution.
- Parabolic trough power plants are widespread and have collectors in high numbers, which have long concentrators with small transverse dimension, and thus have not a focal point, but a focal line.
- These line concentrators today have a length of 20 m to 150 m.
- an absorber tube for the concentrated heat (up to 500 ° C), which transports the heat to the power plant.
- transport medium z.Bsp. Thermal oil, molten salts or superheated steam in question.
- WO 2010/037243 For mass production of collectors, in particular trough collectors, the Applicant has proposed in WO 2010/037243 a system with a pressure cell in a pressure-loaded, consisting of a flexible membrane concentrator, which is inexpensive to produce individually or in series and the parabolic shape of the ideal concentrator is sufficient approximate in order to achieve the required for an acceptable efficiency temperatures of about 500 ° C in the absorber tube or more.
- this system can also be used for paraboloid collectors and its use in all forms of solar heat generation conceivable. It is also conceivable to use the design shown in WO 2010/037243 as reflectors for a wide variety of purposes.
- a disadvantage of this design is one of its strongest advantages: the use of a pressure-loaded, flexible membrane as a reflector or concentrator allows a highly cost-effective design with a perfectly smooth surface, since the membrane itself must be exposed to only low pressure difference and therefore as a thin film without reinforcements (ie as a film with a perfectly smooth surface) may be formed on which a reflective layer is vapor-deposited.
- a thin film without reinforcements ie as a film with a perfectly smooth surface
- spherical curvature of the film can be concentrations of 50 to 80 or even reach higher concentrations, for example by sections with different radius of curvature as shown in said WO 2010/037243.
- the reflector since the reflector is designed as a flexible membrane or foil, it itself has no rigidity and is therefore prone to deviations from the desired shape, with the result that then the efficiency of the collector unnecessarily decreases. Such deviations can have different causes, such as pressure fluctuations over the concentrator or distortion in the frame in which the concentrator is clamped. Especially with a slow drift of the curvature of the concentrator whose deviation from the desired shape can be late on the (unnecessary) power loss of the collector detect, but possibly not in a first phase of deformation, since the performance of a collector by changing Shading, cooling by wind, pollution, etc. can be affected.
- This object is achieved by a method for measuring a reflector according to claim 1, a reflector unit according to claim 8 and an operating method for the reflector unit according to claim 14.
- the reflector unit according to the invention has a number of measuring points in the radiation path, the currently reflected radiation can be detected with a resolution corresponding to the number of measuring points and a signal for the correction of operating parameters of the reflector unit can be generated in real time or without delay.
- the present invention allows to monitor not only the use of flexible reflectors or concentrators, but also rigid reflectors, as these too may be subject to a delay.
- flexible reflectors or concentrators but also rigid reflectors, as these too may be subject to a delay.
- rigid reflectors for example, in parabolic mirrors composed of segments, the correct alignment of the individual rigid segments can be monitored.
- the reflection properties of reflectors of any design can be continuously monitored and thus free of distortion so as to always maintain the best possible efficiency of the reflector during operation. This is true for small units as well as for large scale industrial scale reflector units, where maintaining the best possible efficiency is a relevant cost factor.
- Fig. 1 a trough collector conventional type with a pressure cell in which a flexible concentrator is arranged
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the pressure cell of the trough collector of Fig. 1, equipped according to the present invention
- Fig. 3 shows a cross section according to Figure 2, wherein additionally the structure of the trough collector is shown schematically
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the printing line of a further embodiment of a trough collector according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows, by way of example, various current intensity patterns of the collector of FIG. 4 at the desired curvature of the concentrator and with an undesired deformation.
- FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the present invention with reference to a parabolic collector
- FIG. 7 shows a cross-section through a sensor for the reflected radiation according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a trough collector 1 known to the person skilled in the art, which can be used on an industrial scale for hundreds or thousands in a solar power plant.
- a pressure cell 3 is arranged, which has an indicated by the dashed lines 4 in the operating state by the prevailing internal pressure pad shape.
- a flexible concentrator 13 ( Figure 2) is arranged, the incident sun rays 6, reflected, as indicated by the reflected beam 6 '.
- the reflected beam 6 "is incident on an absorber tube 8 arranged on supports 5, which dissipates the heat concentrated on it by the reflected beams 6 'via a transport medium.
- the frame 2 with the pressure cell 3 can be pivoted according to the position of the sun.
- FIG 2 shows a cross section through the pressure cell 3 of the collector 1 of Figure 1, wherein for relief of the figure, various components of the collector 1 such as the pivoting device 9 ( Figure 1) are omitted or indicated only schematically.
- the concentrator 13 incident on the sun's rays 6,6 'and as reflected beams 7,7' heat the absorber tube 8.
- the concentrator 13 is preferably made of a flexible, thin film whose the sun's rays 6,6 'facing surface is coated with a reflective layer and thereby has the required reflection properties.
- the path of the reflected radiation of the concentrator 13 is represented by the rays 7, 7 'and 23 (see below).
- a pressure line 15 is conveyed by a pump 16 fluid, here ambient air, conveyed into the pressure cell 3, which is thereby inflated in a lense shape in cross section to a pad, as shown in Figure 1.
- the pump 16 is designed as a fan which maintains the desired pressure in the interior of the pressure cell 3, but allows a change in the internal volume of the pressure cell 3, for example by wind attack readily.
- the pressure cell 3 is divided by the concentrator 13 in an upper portion 18 and a lower portion 19, wherein the two regions 18,19 are connected by an overflow 20 with each other, so that the lower portion 19 via the upper portion 18 also below Pressure ambient air is supplied.
- a pump 21 (again preferably a ventilator) between the two areas 18, 19 maintains a pressure gradient, so that in the upper area 19 the pressure p + ⁇ and in the lower area the pressure p prevails.
- ⁇ is comparatively small, for example 50 mbar.
- the concentrator 13 is pressure-loaded and thus assumes the (spherical) curvature, which reflects the incident sunrays 6, 6 'into a focal line region, in which the absorber tube 8 is arranged.
- the stress in the concentrator film is small, so that a thin film without reinforcements, i. can be used with smooth surface.
- Such a thin film has the required good reflection properties, but is easily rejected in disturbances occurring from its desired shape, so that their curvature no longer corresponds to the desired curvature.
- This fault can cover the entire concentrator area, or only parts of it, up to areas of small area, which, however, in particular in the sum of thousands of collectors used in a solar power plant, can be quite relevant for its energy production.
- a deviation from the desired curvature can also have significance for small stand-alone collectors, for example with regard to the achievable peak discharge temperature.
- Such disturbances in the curvature of the concentrator 13 cause an incident sun ray 22 to reflect incorrectly and miss the absorber tube as a faulty reflected beam 23.
- Shown further schematically in the figure are two rails 26, 27 connected together by a central piece 28, which are suspended laterally from the supports 8 'and carry sensors 30, which are arranged at measuring points 31.
- the measuring points 31 are thus in the path of the reflected radiation, the sensors 30 detecting predetermined properties of the reflected radiation.
- Such rails can be arranged over the length of a collector 1 ( Figure 1), for example, at a distance of 10m.
- Measuring points 31 and sensors 30 can be spatially separated from one another and connected to one another, for example by glass fibers, in which case the glass fibers detect the reflected radiation at a measuring point 31 and guide it to a sensor 30 remote therefrom. This may be desirable in view of the shadow cast by a sensor or with regard to the construction of central sensors with multiple inputs, since hundreds of measuring points 31 can be provided in the case of a reflector or concentrator 13 with a large surface area. In the presently illustrated embodiment, however, the sensors 30 are arranged at the location of the measuring points 31, or the measuring points 31 coincide with the sensors 30.
- FIG 3 shows the collector 1 of Figure 1 with the pressure cell according to Figure 2, wherein the structure is shown schematically.
- the sensors 30 provided at the location of the measuring points 31 are connected via signal lines 32 to an evaluation unit 35 for the signals generated by the sensors 30.
- the evaluation unit 35 is interconnected to a memory 36 for reference patterns and configured to compare the pattern of the signals received from the sensors 30 with at least one reference pattern stored in the memory 36 and to generate signals corresponding to the comparison, which in turn are fed into a controller 38 for operating parameters of the Collector 1 are fed.
- the controller 38 controls the pumps 16, 21 (FIG. 2), the pressure generating unit 39 or the drive 40 of the pivoting unit 9 in order to control the orientation of the concentrator 13 or its curvature during operation of the collector 1 to keep optimal.
- a reflector unit which is designed as a trough collector with a pressure cell clamped, pressure-loaded in operation concentrator membrane, wherein the controller is designed for operating parameters, parameters for the load on the concentrator diaphragm operating pressure and / or the operating voltage of a clamping device for the concentrator membrane to change such that their curvature changes.
- the controller is designed for operating parameters, parameters for the load on the concentrator diaphragm operating pressure and / or the operating voltage of a clamping device for the concentrator membrane to change such that their curvature changes.
- a further operating parameter for example, is the voltage introduced via the frame 2 into the concentrator 13 so that it assumes the desired spherical curvature under operating pressure.
- the person skilled in the art will select the operating parameters which determine the optimum reflection properties of the reflector and interpret the evaluation unit and the control of the reflector unit accordingly.
- a first set of operating parameters relates to the geometry of the curvature of the surface of the reflector and / or another set of operating parameters relates to the orientation of the reflector with respect to the radiation incident thereon.
- Figure 4 shows schematically a further embodiment of the present invention, wherein a cross section through one half of a pressure cell 50 of a trough collector is shown.
- the other half (not shown) is symmetrical to the half shown with respect to the line of symmetry 51.
- the other components as illustrated by way of example in FIG. 3, have been omitted.
- Concentrator assembly 55 in the illustrated embodiment, consists of three concentric membranes 56-58, partially nesting into each other, with the uppermost concentrator membrane 56 provided with a reflective layer.
- the concentrator diaphragms 56 to 58 are fixed on one another by a longitudinal rail 59, which in turn is connected to the frame 54 via a tensioning element 60.
- the membranes 56 to 58 are arranged individually on a center strip 62, the membranes 58 and 59 also being fastened here via clamping elements 61 and 62.
- Three fans 63 to 65 represent the pressures necessary for operation in the spaces formed by the membranes 56 to 58. This arrangement is described in WO 2010/037243 and known to the person skilled in the art.
- three sections 66 to 68 with different spherical curvature of the reflective membrane 56 whereby the Curvature improved approximated to a parabola and the radiation correspondingly improved concentrated against the absorber tube 69 and thus a higher concentration is achieved.
- four pressure chambers namely the upper region 70 of the pressure cell 50, the lower region 71 of the pressure cell and the first and the second pressure chambers 72, 73 are provided between the concentrator membranes 56 to 58 and three clamping elements 60 to 62, or four operating parameters relating to pressure and three operating parameters relating to voltage, wherein a deviation of each of these operating parameters leads to a reduction of the achievable concentration of the collector.
- other operating parameters are available depending on the specific design, or, in the case of a simple or stand-alone design, only a single one. For all operating parameters, however, it applies that the person skilled in the art who has designed the concrete collector knows their influence on the mode of action of the collector and thus can define the displayed correction of the respective operating parameters in the event of an undesired deviation of the concentration.
- Measuring points 31 lie on a rail 75 arranged in the pressure cell 50, whose suspensions 76 in the pressure cell 50 are shown only schematically by fasteners 72. At least one measuring point 31 per section 66 to 68, preferably 10, particularly preferably 20 or more than 20, are provided. In this case, the sensors 30 can be arranged at each measuring point 31 or, for example, optical fiber lines, as described in connection with FIG.
- the sensors 30 measure predetermined properties of the currently reflected radiation, here their intensity or energy density (W / m 2 ), which is a direct measure of the desired concentration. Since now not the sum of the power of the sun's rays, but the distribution of the energy density to be detected, it makes sense to arrange the rail 75 at a distance from the absorber tube 69, on the one hand so that the sensors 30 as commercially available (and thus cheap and robust) photocells and on the other hand so that a sufficient or even high number of measuring points 31 can be provided without constructive problems in order to easily ensure a desired high resolution of the measurement.
- W / m 2 intensity or energy density
- the figure shows a preferred embodiment of a reflector unit with a reflector which is formed in a cross-section at least approximately parabolic and having a absorber element for reflected radiation, and wherein a number of Measuring points in the radiation path in front of the absorber element in a row are arranged such that the reflected radiation along this cross section can be measured.
- FIG. 5 qualitatively shows the course of the measured values 78 determined by the sensors 30 in the embodiment of FIG. 4 with correct alignment and curvature of the concentrator arrangement 55. These measured values form a pattern of predetermined properties of the reflected radiation, in this case a measured intensity pattern of the reflected solar radiation.
- the intensity of the radiation reflected from the outer edge regions of the concentrator is weaker than that of the inner edge regions. This is because the outer margins are more inclined to incident solar radiation, i. less radiation per surface unit is received, and because due to the opening angle of the sun, the solar radiation is not parallel, but converging incident and not parallel, but divergent reflected, so that the achievable concentration from the outer, more distant areas is necessarily reduced.
- an intensity pattern corresponding to curves 83 through 85 may result.
- an intensity pattern according to the curve 86 is shown.
- the intensity pattern according to curves 80 to 82 corresponds to a correct alignment of the collector with respect to the position of the sun with a correct curvature of the concentrator arrangement 55.
- the intensity pattern 80 to 82 once recorded in the concrete case can be picked up as an alignment reference intensity pattern for the correct or target orientation and stored in the memory for reference pattern 36 (FIG. 3).
- further reference patterns are stored, in addition to an alignment reference intensity pattern for the correct alignment of the reflector with respect to the sun, a reference reference intensity pattern that corresponds to the desired geometry of the curvature of the reflector surface or a deformation reference intensity pattern that corresponds to a predetermined deformation of the curvature of the reflector surface corresponds to, or other intensity patterns, which the expert can define as needed.
- alignment reference patterns for an incorrect alignment particularly preferably on both sides of the incident solar radiation, are stored in the memory 36 and the intensity pattern of the currently reflected radiation is compared with these reference patterns in the evaluation unit 35, then the direction can also be corrected in addition to the position requiring correction the correction detected and triggered by the controller 38 ( Figure 3).
- the steps take place without delay from the recording of a current intensity pattern until it is corrected by the controller.
- the controller it is also possible to initiate the correction by the controller at intervals or to make it dependent on the consent of an operator. It is also possible to make the correction by the controller dependent on the interpretation of the currently measured intensity pattern by the operator.
- the evaluation unit 35 comprises a display unit of the processed signals of the sensors 31 for an operator.
- unwanted deviations from the desired curvature of the reflector can be defined and stored as a reference pattern, in which case the corrections are automatically executed on a case-by-case basis or triggered by an operator.
- a display unit of an operator who in turn recognizes errors in the current geometric properties of the reflector by comparison with a predetermined reference pattern (for example correct orientation or correct curvature) and deviations Manually changed the corresponding operating parameters at a time defined by it.
- a predetermined reference pattern for example correct orientation or correct curvature
- the overall result is a method for measuring a reflector for radiation in its operation, wherein for determining the current reflection properties of the reflector in a provided in the path of the reflected radiation from the reflector number of at least one measuring point, the pattern of predetermined properties of the currently reflected Radiation is measured and compared with a predetermined reference pattern, being closed from the comparison to the current geometric properties of the reflector and with undesirable geometrical properties corresponding operating parameters of the reflector are changed.
- a parameter influencing the reflection properties of the reflector is triggered in order to reduce the extent of the undesired deviation of the intensity pattern.
- an operating method results in which reference patterns to be created in a first step, in a second step determines the operating parameters associated with the reference patterns, in a third step sets the operating parameters on the reflector unit, in a fourth step the measured values of currently reflected radiation determined and stored as respective reference pattern in the memory for reference pattern.
- alignment reference patterns can be created by predetermined orientation of the reflector unit with respect to the incident radiation in them, which preferably also include obliquely incident solar radiation according to the changing time of day.
- a reference reference pattern can be created.
- Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Shown is a parabolic collector 90, consisting of paraboloid-shaped individual mirrors 91, which are arranged on a frame 92 and aligned against a common, indicated by dashed lines combustion region 93, in which an absorber element 94 is arranged. Incident solar radiation 95,95 'is transmitted as reflected radiation 96,96' towards the focal region 93, i. the absorber element 94 directed.
- Such an arrangement basically allows higher concentrations than can be achieved with trough collectors (the theoretically maximum concentration of the trough collector is 216, that of the parabolic collector over 40 ⁇ 00).
- a grid 97 is indicated, at the corners measuring points 31, which are here occupied by sensors 30.
- the sensors 30 also preferably measure the energy density of the current from each individual mirror 91 at the location of the respective point of supply 31 to the combustion area 93 reflected radiation.
- each measuring point 31 per individual mirror 91 suffices to detect the correct / incorrect alignment of the associated individual mirror 91, since with proper alignment, each one Sensor 30 measures the same intensity of reflected radiation 96 '. If the individual mirrors 91 are not identical in construction, according to the above, after calibration of the alignment of the single mirrors 91, an alignment reference intensity pattern may be taken and stored.
- a plurality of measuring points are provided for each of the individual mirrors, which in addition to the orientation of the individual mirrors still allow the detection of deviations in the curvature, analogous to the method illustrated with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
- FIG. 7 shows the cross section through a rail 26, 27 (FIG. 3) or a rail 75 (FIG. 4) or a branch of the grille 97 (FIG. 6).
- a transmitter 104 for the signals of a arranged on the outer side 105 of the support plate 102 photodiode 106. Since the outer side 104 of the concentrator 13 ( Figure 2) and Reflected radiation 6 ', 7', 23 ( Figure 2) incident on the photodiode 106.
- a transparent to the radiation to be detected cover 107 surrounds the photodiode and protects it from contamination.
- the shell 107 (which in turn is formed as a profile) may be vapor-deposited with a semipermeable layer 108 to reduce the intensity of the incident radiation 6 ', 7', 23 (FIG. 2), allowing the use of conventional photodiodes.
- the person skilled in the art can then design the evaluation electronics 104 in such a way that, despite the radiation radiation reduced by the coating 108. incidence of the real reflected radiation corresponding signal to the evaluation unit 35 ( Figure 3) transmitted.
- a signal line 109 which runs from the transmitter 104 to the line 32 ( Figure 2), which in turn passes the signals of the transmitter 104 to the evaluation unit 35 ( Figure 3).
- the rail 26, 27 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, or the rail 75 of FIG. 4 runs in the direction of the curvature of the concentrator 13 (FIGS. 2, 3) or the concentrator arrangement 55 (FIG. 4), with the rail 26 on the rail 26 , 27,75 arranged measuring points 31 and sensors 30 in a row lie in a line, which follows the curvature of the concentrator 13 and the Konzentra- toran Elizabeth 55.
- the person skilled in the art can determine a different arrangement of the measuring points 31 depending on the suitability in the specific case.
- the profile 100 expediently simultaneously forms the rail 26, 27, 75, while the cover 108 is continuous or not, in any case provided at the location of each sensor 30 formed by the photodiode 106 and the evaluation electronics 104.
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00144/11A CH704394A2 (de) | 2011-01-28 | 2011-01-28 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung der Reflektionseigenschaften eines Reflektors. |
PCT/CH2012/000024 WO2012100363A2 (de) | 2011-01-28 | 2012-01-30 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung der reflektionseigenschaften eines reflektors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2668453A2 true EP2668453A2 (de) | 2013-12-04 |
Family
ID=45818978
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12708493.7A Withdrawn EP2668453A2 (de) | 2011-01-28 | 2012-01-30 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung der reflektionseigenschaften eines reflektors |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140071439A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2668453A2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN103459940A (de) |
CH (1) | CH704394A2 (de) |
CL (1) | CL2013002159A1 (de) |
MA (1) | MA34919B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012100363A2 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA201305692B (de) |
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EP3015788A1 (de) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-04 | Heliovis AG | Vorrichtung zur konzentration von sonnenstrahlung mit aufblasbarem konzentratorkissen |
EP3015789A1 (de) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-04 | Heliovis AG | Vorrichtung zur konzentration von sonnenstrahlung mit aufblasbarem konzentratorkissen |
AT516019B1 (de) | 2014-10-31 | 2016-02-15 | Heliovis Ag | Vorrichtung zur Halterung eines aufblasbaren Konzentrator-Kissens |
EP3015787A1 (de) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-04 | Heliovis AG | Vorrichtung zur konzentration von sonnenstrahlung mit aufblasbarem konzentratorkissen |
EP3034960A1 (de) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-22 | Heliovis AG | Vorrichtung zur Konzentration von Sonnenstrahlung |
DE102014019588A1 (de) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | erfis GmbH | CSP Tracking |
SE1850391A1 (en) | 2018-04-07 | 2019-10-08 | Absolicon Solar Collector Ab | Method and arrangement for verifying reflector surfaces of parabolic trough solar collectors |
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IL114261A0 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1995-10-31 | Yeda Res & Dev | System for control of heliostat field |
US8294886B1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2012-10-23 | Sandia Corporation | Alignment method for solar collector arrays |
US7667833B1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2010-02-23 | Sandia Corporation | Alignment method for parabolic trough solar concentrators |
MX2009003315A (es) * | 2006-09-27 | 2009-07-02 | Ale Airlight Energy Sa | Colector de radiacion. |
ES2548879T3 (es) * | 2008-03-28 | 2015-10-21 | Airlight Energy Ip Sa | Colector parabólico para una central solar |
CH699605A1 (de) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-03-31 | Airlight Energy Ip Sa | Sonnenkollektor. |
US20100139644A1 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-06-10 | Brightsource Industries (Israel), Ltd. | Heliostat calibration |
US8669462B2 (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2014-03-11 | Cogenra Solar, Inc. | Concentrating solar energy collector |
US20130284162A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2013-10-31 | Limestone Avenue Campbell | Heliostat calibration and control |
-
2011
- 2011-01-28 CH CH00144/11A patent/CH704394A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2012
- 2012-01-30 US US13/981,281 patent/US20140071439A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-01-30 WO PCT/CH2012/000024 patent/WO2012100363A2/de active Application Filing
- 2012-01-30 MA MA36198A patent/MA34919B1/fr unknown
- 2012-01-30 EP EP12708493.7A patent/EP2668453A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-01-30 CN CN2012800060637A patent/CN103459940A/zh active Pending
-
2013
- 2013-07-26 ZA ZA2013/05692A patent/ZA201305692B/en unknown
- 2013-07-26 CL CL2013002159A patent/CL2013002159A1/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012100363A3 (de) | 2013-08-22 |
MA34919B1 (fr) | 2014-02-01 |
WO2012100363A2 (de) | 2012-08-02 |
US20140071439A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
ZA201305692B (en) | 2016-07-27 |
CN103459940A (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
CH704394A2 (de) | 2012-07-31 |
CL2013002159A1 (es) | 2014-03-07 |
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