EP2668311B1 - Aluminium strip with a high thermal and electrical conductivity - Google Patents

Aluminium strip with a high thermal and electrical conductivity Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2668311B1
EP2668311B1 EP12703730.7A EP12703730A EP2668311B1 EP 2668311 B1 EP2668311 B1 EP 2668311B1 EP 12703730 A EP12703730 A EP 12703730A EP 2668311 B1 EP2668311 B1 EP 2668311B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
functional particles
foil
thermally
highly conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP12703730.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2668311A1 (en
Inventor
Volker Denkmann
Ulrich Hampel
Andreas Siemen
Kathrin Eckhard
Willi Schenkel
Oliver SEIFFERTH
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Speira GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
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Publication of EP2668311A1 publication Critical patent/EP2668311A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/32—Filling or coating with impervious material
    • H01B13/321—Filling or coating with impervious material the material being a powder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tape or a film consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which or which has an outer oxide layer.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention and its use.
  • Aluminum or aluminum alloys are often used for electrically and / or thermally conductive components. Examples of these are solar absorbers, which are used in the field of solar thermal energy, ie for the production of heat from solar radiation. Battery electrodes, printed circuit boards, but also current-carrying cables and their plugs and contacts are also often made of aluminum, since aluminum or aluminum alloys have particularly low electrical resistances.
  • an aluminum oxide layer which usually has a thickness of 2 to 4 nm, forms on a strip of aluminum or an aluminum alloy within a short time in air. This aluminum oxide layer is on the one hand desired to protect the aluminum or aluminum alloy from further corrosion.
  • this aluminum oxide layer has significantly lower thermal and electrical conductivities, so that in particular at contact points between two different components, problems arise with regard to heat or current transmission.
  • An attempt has been made to provide tapes or foils of aluminum alloys with highly conductive coatings.
  • the aluminum ribbon core can not contribute as much as possible to the conductivity.
  • the electrical conductivity, but also the thermal conductivity is therefore in need of improvement.
  • Documents US 2007/0151850 A1 . US 2005/0040090 A1 and EP 2 243 860 A2 disclose aluminum substrates with a nanotube alumina layer.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a band or a foil consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which or which has a consistently high thermal and / or electrical conductivity, independently of the formation of an aluminum oxide layer.
  • a method for producing a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention and advantageous uses of the tape according to the invention and the film according to the invention are to be proposed.
  • the above-described object is achieved in that on one or both sides of the tape or the film thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are arranged, which penetrate the oxide layer of the tape or the film.
  • the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles arranged on the surface of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention make it possible, on account of their penetration through the aluminum oxide layer, the strip or the film according to the invention, regardless of the formation of the aluminum oxide layer, has on the surface thereof constant thermally and / or electrically highly conductive properties.
  • the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles direct the heat or electrical current directly through the oxide layer of the strip or foil of aluminum or an aluminum alloy into the core of the strip or foil made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the aluminum oxide layer which forms in air on the strip or the film consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, no longer affects the thermal and / or electrical conductivity of the strip or film according to the invention.
  • electrically and / or thermally highly conductive nanotubes, nano-scaled carbon tubes and / or carbon fibers are provided as functional particles.
  • the nanoparticles mentioned are highly conductive and can penetrate the aluminum oxide layer, so that they can forward the electric current, for example, from the surface into the aluminum alloy or the aluminum of the interior of the strip or foil. The current and / or heat flow then takes place with the participation of the entire strip according to the invention or the entire film according to the invention.
  • Nanoscale carbon tubes and carbon fibers are also extremely thermally stable, so that the usual process steps for processing the tapes or films according to the invention pose no problem.
  • Components which have particularly good electrically and / or thermally conductive properties can be provided by producing a metal sheet from a strip according to the invention.
  • the sheet is usually formed by forming or by further process steps to a specific component, which has excellent electrical and / or thermal conductivities regardless of the formation of an aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the above-described object is achieved by a method for producing a tape or a film in that the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are mechanically introduced into the oxide layer of the surface of the tape or the film.
  • the term "mechanical introduction” is understood to mean that the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are pressed into the surface of the strip or film according to the invention by applying a mechanical force.
  • This has the advantage that the aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the tape according to the invention or the films according to the invention can be penetrated in a simple manner, so that there is contact with the underlying core of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention.
  • the mechanical introduction of particles onto the surface of a workpiece is particularly simple and environmentally friendly.
  • a first embodiment of the method for producing a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention is before the mechanical introduction the functional particles in the surface of the tape or the film an adhesion promoter or a primer applied to the tape or the film.
  • the primer or primer ensures that the nanoscale functional particles can be easily placed on the aluminum tape or film without being removed from the tape or film due to their size, for example by thermal energy or draft.
  • the mechanical introduction of the functional particles into the surface of the strip or film is achieved by rolling the functional particles into the surface of the strip or film.
  • this makes it possible to use conventional process steps for the production of strips or films made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, so that only low investment costs are necessary to produce the strips or films according to the invention.
  • any rolling step can be used in the production of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention to arrange the functional particles on the surface of the tape such that they at least partially penetrate the oxide layer of the tape or the film.
  • all intermediate rolling steps are suitable for introducing the functional particles into the surface accordingly.
  • the rolling-in of the functional particles is preferably carried out by hot rolling, cold rolling and / or temper rolling.
  • temper rolling only a small or no change in thickness of the tape or the film is achieved in the rule, but a specific surface texture is introduced into the tape or the film.
  • This process can also be used to introduce the functional particles such as the commonly performed cold rolling or hot rolling of the strip or film in the production. In this case, the rolling of the functional particles succeeds regardless of whether the band has been produced from a rolling bar or cast directly and rolled.
  • a surface structure is introduced into the tape or the film and the functional particles are distributed on the textured surface and subsequently rolled.
  • the textured surface can be used, for example, to achieve specific distributions of the functional particles or to improve the adhesion of the particles to the surface of the belt or film, for example by collecting the nanoscale particles in depressions of the texture.
  • a particularly gentle introduction of the functional particles into the tape or film according to the invention is achieved by rolling the functional particles in 1 to 10 rolling steps.
  • For very large decreases in thickness can be problematic that the functional particles are not only present in the surface layer.
  • the Reductions in thickness per rolling step can be reduced, so that the functional particles are incorporated only in the surface areas.
  • the outlay for producing the strip or film according to the invention becomes greater.
  • the functional particles are preferably applied to the surface of the tape or the film prior to mechanical introduction into the surface in dispersion, suspension or powder form. If the functional particles are applied in dispersion or suspension forms, unintentional removal of the functional particles from the surface of the strip prior to rolling can be prevented in a simple manner since they are present with the liquid dispersion or suspension on the strip or film. In addition, the distribution of functional particles on the surface of the tape or the film succeeds particularly uniform. If the functional particles are applied in powder form to the tape or the film, for example, the rolling oil present on the tape or the film can be used to adhere the functional particles to the surface of the tape or film. Rolling oil is a constantly present during the mechanical processing of the tapes or films whose behavior is very well known before and after rolling. In addition, no additional substances for applying the functional particles to the tape or the film are needed.
  • solar absorbers are preferably produced using a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention.
  • heat exchangers and other components which utilize the good thermal conductivity of aluminum can also be produced from a strip according to the invention or a film according to the invention.
  • Electrical contacts, battery electrodes, electrical circuit boards are other products that can be produced by the use of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention and have significant advantages in terms of electrical conductivity of the aluminum or aluminum alloy parts of the mentioned products.
  • Fig. 1 shows first in a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the belt 1, which has an oxide layer 2 on both sides.
  • thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles 3 are incorporated, which partially penetrate the oxide layer 2.
  • This in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of a belt 1 has unilaterally introduced functional particles.
  • the highly conductive functional particles 3 are in contact with the core material 1a of the strip 1, so that, for example, in the case of a current guide, the functional particles 3 forward the electric current without any problems to the core region of the strip 1a, which has a very good conductivity.
  • the aluminum oxide layer 2 then plays no role for the electrical and / or thermal conductivity of the tape 1 according to the invention or the film according to the invention.
  • the tape 1 according to the invention may, for example, have a thickness of 15 mm to 0.1 mm.
  • films according to the invention have thicknesses of 100 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • nanoscale carbon tubes so-called “carbon nanotubes” (CNT).
  • CNT carbon nanotubes
  • the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles can also be incorporated into the strip or foil during temper rolling.
  • the result is a like in Fig. 3 schematically illustrated band with a surface texture in which the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are arranged.
  • the surface structure 4 is thus highly thermally and / or electrically conductive.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a manufacturing process for the tape or the film according to the invention.
  • Work rolls 5 are shown schematically, which reduce the strip 1 in its thickness.
  • a device 6 for example, in the form of suspension or dispersion thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles 3 are applied to the belt or distributed on the surface of the belt.
  • the applying functional particles 3 can also be done in powder form. If the functional particles are distributed on the belt, they are incorporated via the work rolls 5 into the surface layer in such a way that they at least partially penetrate the oxide layer. In Fig. 4 For the sake of simplicity, the oxide layer is not shown.
  • the work rolls 5, for example, work rolls of a Hot rolling, a cold rolling or a temper rolling mill.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Band oder eine Folie bestehend aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, welches bzw. welche eine äußere Oxidschicht aufweist. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie sowie dessen Verwendung.The invention relates to a tape or a film consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which or which has an outer oxide layer. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention and its use.

Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen werden häufig für elektrisch und/oder thermisch leitfähige Bauteile verwendet. Beispiele hierfür sind Solarabsorber, welche im Bereich der Solarthermie, also zur Gewinnung von Wärme aus Sonnenstrahlen, eingesetzt werden. Batterieelektroden, Leiterplatten, aber auch stromführende Kabel und deren Stecker und Kontakte werden ebenfalls häufig aus Aluminium hergestellt, da Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen besonders niedrige elektrische Widerstände aufweisen. Allerdings bildet sich auf einem Band aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung innerhalb kurzer Zeit an Luft eine Aluminiumoxidschicht, welche üblicherweise eine Dicke von 2 bis 4 nm aufweist. Diese Aluminiumoxidschicht ist einerseits gewünscht, um das Aluminium oder die Aluminiumlegierung vor weiterer Korrosion zu schützen. Andererseits weist diese Aluminiumoxidschicht deutlich schlechtere thermische und elektrische Leitfähigkeiten auf, sodass insbesondere an Kontaktstellen zwischen zwei verschiedenen Bauteilen Probleme hinsichtlich der Wärme- oder Stromübertragung ergeben. Um diese Probleme beispielsweise bei elektrischen Kontakten zu lösen, hat man versucht, Bänder oder Folien aus Aluminiumlegierungen mit hochleitfähigen Beschichtungen zu versehen. Dies hat jedoch nicht zu dem gewünschten Ergebnis geführt, da aufgrund der Aluminiumoxidschicht zwischen der hochleitfähigen Beschichtung und dem Kern des Aluminiumbandes der Aluminiumbandkern nicht so stark wie möglich zur Leitfähigkeit beitragen kann. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit, aber auch die thermische Leitfähigkeit ist deshalb verbesserungswürdig. Dokumente US 2007/0151850 A1 , US 2005/0040090 A1 und EP 2 243 860 A2 offenbaren Aluminiumsubstrate mit einer Nanoröhrchen aufweisenden Aluminiumoxidschicht.Aluminum or aluminum alloys are often used for electrically and / or thermally conductive components. Examples of these are solar absorbers, which are used in the field of solar thermal energy, ie for the production of heat from solar radiation. Battery electrodes, printed circuit boards, but also current-carrying cables and their plugs and contacts are also often made of aluminum, since aluminum or aluminum alloys have particularly low electrical resistances. However, an aluminum oxide layer, which usually has a thickness of 2 to 4 nm, forms on a strip of aluminum or an aluminum alloy within a short time in air. This aluminum oxide layer is on the one hand desired to protect the aluminum or aluminum alloy from further corrosion. On the other hand, this aluminum oxide layer has significantly lower thermal and electrical conductivities, so that in particular at contact points between two different components, problems arise with regard to heat or current transmission. To address these problems, for example, with electrical contacts An attempt has been made to provide tapes or foils of aluminum alloys with highly conductive coatings. However, this has not led to the desired result, since due to the aluminum oxide layer between the highly conductive coating and the core of the aluminum strip, the aluminum ribbon core can not contribute as much as possible to the conductivity. The electrical conductivity, but also the thermal conductivity is therefore in need of improvement. Documents US 2007/0151850 A1 . US 2005/0040090 A1 and EP 2 243 860 A2 disclose aluminum substrates with a nanotube alumina layer.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Band oder eine Folie bestehend aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches bzw. welche unabhängig von der Ausbildung einer Aluminiumoxidschicht eine gleichbleibend hohe thermische und/oder elektrische Leitfähigkeit aufweist. Darüber hinaus soll ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie sowie vorteilhafte Verwendungen des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes und der erfindungsgemäßen Folie vorgeschlagen werden.Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to provide a band or a foil consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which or which has a consistently high thermal and / or electrical conductivity, independently of the formation of an aluminum oxide layer. In addition, a method for producing a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention and advantageous uses of the tape according to the invention and the film according to the invention are to be proposed.

Gemäß einer ersten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass ein- oder beidseitig auf dem Band oder der Folie thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähige Funktionspartikel angeordnet sind, welche die Oxidschicht des Bandes oder der Folie durchdringen.According to a first teaching of the present invention, the above-described object is achieved in that on one or both sides of the tape or the film thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are arranged, which penetrate the oxide layer of the tape or the film.

Die auf der Oberfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folie angeordneten thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähigen Funktionspartikel ermöglichen aufgrund ihrer Durchdringung durch die Aluminiumoxidschicht, dass das erfindungsgemäße Band oder die erfindungsgemäße Folie unabhängig von der Ausbildung der Aluminiumoxidschicht auf dessen Oberfläche gleichbleibende thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähige Eigenschaften besitzt. Die thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähigen Funktionspartikel leiten die Wärme oder elektrischen Strom unmittelbar durch die Oxidschicht des Bandes oder der Folie aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung in den aus Aluminium oder der Aluminiumlegierung bestehenden Kern des Bandes oder der Folie. Die Aluminiumoxidschicht, welche sich an Luft auf dem Band oder der Folie bestehend aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung bildet, beeinträchtigt die thermische und/oder elektrische Leitfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Folie nicht mehr.The thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles arranged on the surface of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention make it possible, on account of their penetration through the aluminum oxide layer, the strip or the film according to the invention, regardless of the formation of the aluminum oxide layer, has on the surface thereof constant thermally and / or electrically highly conductive properties. The thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles direct the heat or electrical current directly through the oxide layer of the strip or foil of aluminum or an aluminum alloy into the core of the strip or foil made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The aluminum oxide layer, which forms in air on the strip or the film consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, no longer affects the thermal and / or electrical conductivity of the strip or film according to the invention.

Gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung sind als Funktionspartikel elektrisch und/oder thermisch hochleitfähige Nanoröhrchen, nanoskalierte Karbonröhrchen und/oder Karbonfasern vorgesehen. Die genannten Nanopartikel sind hochleitfähig und können die Aluminiumoxidschicht durchdringen, sodass diese den elektrischen Strom beispielsweise von der Oberfläche in das aus der Aluminiumlegierung oder dem Aluminium bestehenden Inneren des Bandes oder der Folie weiterleiten können. Der Strom- und/oder Wärmefluss findet dann unter Mitwirkung des gesamten erfindungsgemäßen Bandes bzw. der gesamten erfindungsgemäßen Folie statt. Nanoskalierte Karbonröhrchen und Karbonfasern sind darüber hinaus auch thermisch extrem stabil, sodass die üblichen Prozessschritte zur Verarbeitung der erfindungsgemäßen Bänder oder Folien kein Problem darstellen.According to a first embodiment, electrically and / or thermally highly conductive nanotubes, nano-scaled carbon tubes and / or carbon fibers are provided as functional particles. The nanoparticles mentioned are highly conductive and can penetrate the aluminum oxide layer, so that they can forward the electric current, for example, from the surface into the aluminum alloy or the aluminum of the interior of the strip or foil. The current and / or heat flow then takes place with the participation of the entire strip according to the invention or the entire film according to the invention. Nanoscale carbon tubes and carbon fibers are also extremely thermally stable, so that the usual process steps for processing the tapes or films according to the invention pose no problem.

Bauteile, welche besonders gute elektrisch und/oder thermisch leitfähige Eigenschaften aufweisen, können dadurch bereit gestellt werden, dass ein Blech aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Band hergestellt wird. Das Blech wird üblicherweise durch Umformschritte oder durch weitere Verfahrensschritte zu einem spezifischen Bauteil umgeformt, welches unabhängig von der Ausbildung einer Aluminiumoxidschicht auf der Oberfläche des Aluminiums oder der Aluminiumlegierung hervorragende elektrische und/oder thermische Leitfähigkeiten aufweist.Components which have particularly good electrically and / or thermally conductive properties can be provided by producing a metal sheet from a strip according to the invention. The sheet is usually formed by forming or by further process steps to a specific component, which has excellent electrical and / or thermal conductivities regardless of the formation of an aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloy.

Gemäß einer zweiten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bandes oder einer Folie dadurch gelöst, dass die thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähigen Funktionspartikel mechanisch in die Oxidschicht der Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Folie eingebracht werden. Unter mechanisch einbringen wird erfindungsgemäß verstanden, dass die thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähigen Funktionspartikel durch Ausübung einer mechanischen Kraft in die Oberfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folie eingedrückt werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Aluminiumoxidschicht auf der Oberfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folien auf einfache Weise durchdrungen werden kann, so dass Kontakt mit dem darunterliegenden Kern des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folie besteht. Darüber hinaus ist das mechanische Einbringen von Partikeln auf die Oberfläche eines Werkstücks besonders einfach und umweltfreundlich.According to a second teaching of the present invention, the above-described object is achieved by a method for producing a tape or a film in that the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are mechanically introduced into the oxide layer of the surface of the tape or the film. According to the invention, the term "mechanical introduction" is understood to mean that the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are pressed into the surface of the strip or film according to the invention by applying a mechanical force. This has the advantage that the aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the tape according to the invention or the films according to the invention can be penetrated in a simple manner, so that there is contact with the underlying core of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention. In addition, the mechanical introduction of particles onto the surface of a workpiece is particularly simple and environmentally friendly.

Gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie wird vor dem mechanischen Einbringen der Funktionspartikel in die Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Folie ein Haftvermittler oder ein Primer auf das Band oder die Folie aufgetragen. Der Primer oder der Haftvermittler gewährleisten, dass die nanoskalierten Funktionspartikel auf dem Aluminiumband oder der Folie auf einfache Weise angeordnet werden können, ohne dass diese aufgrund ihrer Größe beispielsweise durch thermische Energie oder durch einen Luftzug vom Band oder der Folie entfernt werden können. Darüber hinaus besteht die Möglichkeit über den Haftvermittler oder den Primer die Oberfläche des Aluminiumbandes auf das Einbringen der Funktionspartikel vorzubereiten.According to a first embodiment of the method for producing a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention is before the mechanical introduction the functional particles in the surface of the tape or the film an adhesion promoter or a primer applied to the tape or the film. The primer or primer ensures that the nanoscale functional particles can be easily placed on the aluminum tape or film without being removed from the tape or film due to their size, for example by thermal energy or draft. In addition, it is possible via the primer or the primer to prepare the surface of the aluminum strip on the introduction of the functional particles.

Auf besonders einfache Art und Weise gelingt das mechanische Einbringen der Funktionspartikel in die Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Folie dadurch, dass die Funktionspartikel in die Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Folie eingewalzt werden. Einerseits können hierdurch übliche Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung von Bändern oder Folien aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung genutzt werden, so dass nur geringe Investitionskosten notwendig sind, um die erfindungsgemäßen Bänder oder Folien herzustellen. Andererseits kann jeder beliebige Walzschritt in der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folie genutzt werden um die Funktionspartikel auf der Oberfläche des Bandes derart anzuordnen, dass diese die Oxidschicht des Bandes oder der Folie zumindest teilweise durchdringen. Prinzipiell sind dabei alle Zwischenwalzschritte dazu geeignet, entsprechend die Funktionspartikel in die Oberfläche einzubringen.In a particularly simple manner, the mechanical introduction of the functional particles into the surface of the strip or film is achieved by rolling the functional particles into the surface of the strip or film. On the one hand, this makes it possible to use conventional process steps for the production of strips or films made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, so that only low investment costs are necessary to produce the strips or films according to the invention. On the other hand, any rolling step can be used in the production of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention to arrange the functional particles on the surface of the tape such that they at least partially penetrate the oxide layer of the tape or the film. In principle, all intermediate rolling steps are suitable for introducing the functional particles into the surface accordingly.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Einwalzen der Funktionspartikel durch Warmwalzen, Kaltwalzen und/oder durch Dressierwalzen. Beim Dressierwalzen wird in der Regel nur eine geringe oder keine Dickenänderung des Bandes oder der Folie erzielt, sondern eine spezifische Oberflächentextur in das Band oder die Folie eingebracht. Dieser Vorgang kann ebenso genutzt werden zur Einbringung der Funktionspartikel wie das üblicherweise durchgeführte Kaltwalzen oder Warmwalzen des Bandes oder der Folie in der Fertigung. Dabei gelingt das Einwalzen der Funktionspartikel unabhängig davon, ob das Band aus einem Walzbarren hergestellt oder direkt gegossen und gewalzt worden ist.The rolling-in of the functional particles is preferably carried out by hot rolling, cold rolling and / or temper rolling. In temper rolling, only a small or no change in thickness of the tape or the film is achieved in the rule, but a specific surface texture is introduced into the tape or the film. This process can also be used to introduce the functional particles such as the commonly performed cold rolling or hot rolling of the strip or film in the production. In this case, the rolling of the functional particles succeeds regardless of whether the band has been produced from a rolling bar or cast directly and rolled.

Vorzugsweise wird gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens vor dem Einwalzen der Funktionspartikel eine Oberflächenstruktur in das Band oder die Folie eingebracht und die Funktionspartikel auf der texturierten Oberfläche verteilt und anschließend eingewalzt. Die texturierte Oberfläche kann beispielsweise dazu benutzt werden, um spezifische Verteilungen der Funktionspartikel zu erzielen oder die Haftung der Partikel an der Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Folie zu verbessern, beispielsweise indem sich die nanoskalierten Partikel in Vertiefungen der Textur sammeln.Preferably, according to a further embodiment of the method prior to rolling of the functional particles, a surface structure is introduced into the tape or the film and the functional particles are distributed on the textured surface and subsequently rolled. The textured surface can be used, for example, to achieve specific distributions of the functional particles or to improve the adhesion of the particles to the surface of the belt or film, for example by collecting the nanoscale particles in depressions of the texture.

Eine besonders schonende Einbringung der Funktionspartikel in das erfindungsgemäße Band oder die erfindungsgemäße Folie wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Funktionspartikel in 1 bis 10 Walzschritten eingewalzt werden. Bei sehr großen Dickenabnahmen kann problematisch sein, dass die Funktionspartikel nicht nur in der Oberflächenschicht vorhanden sind. Durch die Verwendung von mehreren Walzschritten zum Einbringen der Funktionspartikel können die Dickenabnahmen pro Walzschritt verringert werden, so dass die Funktionspartikel nur in die Oberflächenbereiche eingearbeitet werden. Mit zunehmender Anzahl der Walzschritte wird selbstverständlich der Aufwand zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder der Folie größer.A particularly gentle introduction of the functional particles into the tape or film according to the invention is achieved by rolling the functional particles in 1 to 10 rolling steps. For very large decreases in thickness can be problematic that the functional particles are not only present in the surface layer. By using several rolling steps for introducing the functional particles, the Reductions in thickness per rolling step can be reduced, so that the functional particles are incorporated only in the surface areas. As the number of rolling steps increases, it goes without saying that the outlay for producing the strip or film according to the invention becomes greater.

Gemäß einer nächsten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden bevorzugt die Funktionspartikel vor dem mechanischen Einbringen in die Oberfläche in Dispersions-, Suspensions- oder Pulverform auf der Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Folie aufgebracht. Werden die Funktionspartikel in Dispersions- oder Suspensionsformen aufgebracht, kann auf einfache Weise ein unabsichtliches Entfernen der Funktionspartikel von der Oberfläche des Bandes vor dem Walzen verhindert werden, da diese mit der flüssigen Dispersion oder Suspension auf dem Band oder der Folie vorliegen. Darüber hinaus gelingt die Verteilung der Funktionspartikel auf der Oberfläche des Bandes oder der Folie besonders einheitlich. Werden die Funktionspartikel in Pulverform auf das Band oder die Folie aufgebracht, kann beispielsweise das auf dem Band oder der Folie vorhandene Walzöl zum Anhaften der Funktionspartikel auf der Oberfläche des Bandes oder Folie genutzt werden. Walzöl ist ein während der mechanischen Verarbeitung der Bänder oder Folien ständig vorhandenes Medium, dessen Verhalten vor und nach dem Walzen sehr gut bekannt ist. Darüber hinaus werden keine zusätzlichen Stoffe zum Aufbringen der Funktionspartikel auf das Band oder die Folie benötigt.According to a next embodiment of the method according to the invention, the functional particles are preferably applied to the surface of the tape or the film prior to mechanical introduction into the surface in dispersion, suspension or powder form. If the functional particles are applied in dispersion or suspension forms, unintentional removal of the functional particles from the surface of the strip prior to rolling can be prevented in a simple manner since they are present with the liquid dispersion or suspension on the strip or film. In addition, the distribution of functional particles on the surface of the tape or the film succeeds particularly uniform. If the functional particles are applied in powder form to the tape or the film, for example, the rolling oil present on the tape or the film can be used to adhere the functional particles to the surface of the tape or film. Rolling oil is a constantly present during the mechanical processing of the tapes or films whose behavior is very well known before and after rolling. In addition, no additional substances for applying the functional particles to the tape or the film are needed.

Schließlich wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe durch eine Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie zur Herstellung von elektrischen Strom führenden Leitern und/oder thermisch hochleitfähigen Bauteilen gelöst.Finally, the above-indicated object is achieved by using a strip according to the invention or a film according to the invention for the production of electrical Current-carrying conductors and / or thermally highly conductive components solved.

Als thermisch hochleitfähige Bauteile werden bevorzugt Solarabsorber unter Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie hergestellt. Prinzipiell können aber auch Wärmetauscher und andere die gute thermische Leitfähigkeit von Aluminium ausnutzende Bauteile aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Band oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Folie hergestellt werden. Elektrische Kontakte, Batterieelektroden, elektrische Leiterplatten sind weitere Produkte, welche durch die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folie hergestellt werden können und deutliche Vorteile in Bezug auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit der Aluminium- oder Aluminiumlegierungsteile der erwähnten Produkte aufweisen.As thermally highly conductive components, solar absorbers are preferably produced using a tape according to the invention or a film according to the invention. In principle, however, heat exchangers and other components which utilize the good thermal conductivity of aluminum can also be produced from a strip according to the invention or a film according to the invention. Electrical contacts, battery electrodes, electrical circuit boards are other products that can be produced by the use of the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention and have significant advantages in terms of electrical conductivity of the aluminum or aluminum alloy parts of the mentioned products.

Die Erfindung soll nun im Weiteren durch Ausführungsbeispiele in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Die Zeichnung zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine Schnittansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandes,
Fig. 2
den Ausschnitt A aus Fig. 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
Fig. 3
in einer perspektivischen Darstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer texturierten Oberfläche und
Fig. 4
in einer schematischen Darstellung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
The invention will now be explained in more detail by embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. The drawing shows in
Fig. 1
a sectional view of a first embodiment of a tape according to the invention,
Fig. 2
the section A from Fig. 1 in an enlarged view,
Fig. 3
in a perspective view of a second embodiment with a textured surface and
Fig. 4
in a schematic representation of an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt zunächst in einer schematischen Schnittansicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Bandes 1, welches auf beiden Seiten eine Oxidschicht 2 aufweist. In die obere Oxidschicht 2 sind thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähige Funktionspartikel 3 eingearbeitet, welche die Oxidschicht 2 teilweise durchdringen. Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Bandes 1 weist einseitig eingebrachte Funktionspartikel auf. Selbstverständlich ist denkbar, in beiden Oxidschichten des Bandes 1 hochleitfähige Funktionspartikel 3 vorzusehen. Die hochleitfähigen Funktionspartikel 3 stehen im Kontakt mit dem Kernmaterial 1a des Bandes 1, so dass beispielsweise bei einer Stromführung die Funktionspartikel 3 den elektrischen Strom ohne Probleme in den Kernbereich des Bandes 1a, welcher eine sehr gute Leitfähigkeit besitzt, weiterleiten. Die Aluminiumoxidschicht 2 spielt dann für die elektrische und/oder thermische Leitfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Bandes 1 oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folie keine Rolle mehr. Das erfindungsgemäße Band 1 kann beispielsweise eine Dicke von 15mm bis 0,1mm aufweisen. Erfindungsgemäße Folien haben dagegen Dicken von 100µm bis 10µm. Fig. 1 shows first in a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the belt 1, which has an oxide layer 2 on both sides. In the upper oxide layer 2 thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles 3 are incorporated, which partially penetrate the oxide layer 2. This in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of a belt 1 has unilaterally introduced functional particles. Of course, it is conceivable to provide highly conductive functional particles 3 in both oxide layers of the strip 1. The highly conductive functional particles 3 are in contact with the core material 1a of the strip 1, so that, for example, in the case of a current guide, the functional particles 3 forward the electric current without any problems to the core region of the strip 1a, which has a very good conductivity. The aluminum oxide layer 2 then plays no role for the electrical and / or thermal conductivity of the tape 1 according to the invention or the film according to the invention. The tape 1 according to the invention may, for example, have a thickness of 15 mm to 0.1 mm. On the other hand, films according to the invention have thicknesses of 100 μm to 10 μm.

Wie in der den Ausschnitt A vergrößernden Fig.2 zu erkennen ist, sind als thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähige Funktionspartikel nanoskalierte Karbonröhrchen, sogenannte "carbon nanotubes" (CNT) verwendet worden. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass insbesondere nanoskalierte Karbonröhrchen oder Karbonfasern ohne weiteres durch Walzen in das Band oder die Folie eingebracht werden können, so dass diese die immer vorhandene Oxidschicht 1 zumindest teilweise durchdringen und darüber hinaus eine feste Verbindung mit dem Kern 1a des Bandes oder der Folie aufweisen. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Band oder der erfindungsgemäßen Folie stehen damit im Hinblick auf deren elektrische und/oder thermische Leitfähigkeit deutlich verbesserte Bänder oder Folien zur Verfügung.As in the section A magnifying Fig.2 can be seen, have been used as thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles nanoscale carbon tubes, so-called "carbon nanotubes" (CNT). It has been found that in particular nanoscale carbon tubes or carbon fibers can be easily introduced by rolling in the tape or the film, so that they always existing oxide layer 1 at least partially penetrate and also have a firm connection with the core 1a of the tape or the film. With the tape according to the invention or the film according to the invention, there are thus significantly improved tapes or films with regard to their electrical and / or thermal conductivity.

Wie bereits zuvor erläutert können die thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähigen Funktionspartikel auch während des Dressierwalzens in das Band oder die Folie eingearbeitet werden. Als Resultat ergibt sich ein wie in Fig. 3 schematisch dargestelltes Band mit einer Oberflächentextur, in welcher die thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähigen Funktionspartikel angeordnet sind. Die Oberflächenstruktur 4 ist damit thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähig.As already explained above, the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles can also be incorporated into the strip or foil during temper rolling. The result is a like in Fig. 3 schematically illustrated band with a surface texture in which the thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles are arranged. The surface structure 4 is thus highly thermally and / or electrically conductive.

Fig. 4 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Herstellverfahren für das erfindungsgemäße Band oder die erfindungsgemäße Folie. Schematisch dargestellt sind Arbeitswalzen 5, welche das Band 1 in seiner Dicke reduzieren. Über eine Vorrichtung 6 werden beispielsweise in Suspensions- oder Dispersionsform thermisch und/oder elektrisch hochleitfähige Funktionspartikel 3 auf das Band gebracht bzw. auf der Oberfläche des Bandes verteilt. Das aufbringender Funktionspartikel 3 kann aber auch in Pulverform geschehen. Sind die Funktionspartikel auf dem Band verteilt, werden diese über die Arbeitswalzen 5 in die Oberflächenschicht derart eingearbeitet, dass diese die Oxidschicht zumindest teilweise durchdringen. In Fig. 4 ist der Einfachheit halber die Oxidschicht nicht dargestellt. Die Arbeitswalzen 5 können beispielsweise Arbeitswalzen eines Warmwalz-, eines Kaltwalz- oder eines Dressierwalzgerüsts sein. Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a manufacturing process for the tape or the film according to the invention. Work rolls 5 are shown schematically, which reduce the strip 1 in its thickness. By means of a device 6, for example, in the form of suspension or dispersion thermally and / or electrically highly conductive functional particles 3 are applied to the belt or distributed on the surface of the belt. The applying functional particles 3 can also be done in powder form. If the functional particles are distributed on the belt, they are incorporated via the work rolls 5 into the surface layer in such a way that they at least partially penetrate the oxide layer. In Fig. 4 For the sake of simplicity, the oxide layer is not shown. The work rolls 5, for example, work rolls of a Hot rolling, a cold rolling or a temper rolling mill.

Claims (11)

  1. A strip or foil (1) made from aluminium or an aluminium alloy that has an external oxide layer (2),
    wherein thermally and/or electrically highly conductive functional particles (3) are arranged on one or both sides of the strip or foil, which functional particles penetrate the oxide layer (2) of the strip or foil (1),
    characterized in that
    electrically and/or thermally highly conductive nanotubes, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and/or carbon fibres embedded mechanically in the oxide layer on the surface of the strip or foil are provided as the functional particles (3).
  2. A panel produced from a strip according to claim 1.
  3. A method for producing a strip or foil according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    electrically and/or thermally highly conductive nanotubes, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and/or carbon fibres are provided as functional particles (3) and the functional particles (3) incorporated mechanically in the oxide layer on the surface of the strip or foil (1).
  4. The method according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    a bonding agent or primer is spread on the strip or foil before the electrically and/or thermally highly conductive functional particles (3) are mechanically incorporated in the surface of the strip (1) or foil.
  5. The method according to either of claims 3 or 4,
    characterized in that
    the thermally and/or electrically highly conductive functional particles (3) are rolled into the surface of the strip or foil.
  6. The method according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the thermally and/or electrically highly conductive functional particles (3) are embedded by hot rolling, cold rolling and/or skin-pass rolling.
  7. The method according to either of claims 5 or 6,
    characterized in that
    a surface structure (4) is created in the strip or foil before the thermally and/or electrically highly conductive functional particles (3) are rolled in, and the thermally and/or electrically highly conductive functional particles (3) are distributed on the textured surface layer and then rolled in.
  8. The method according to any of claims 5 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the thermally and/or electrically highly conductive functional particles are rolled into the surface of the strip or foil (1) in from one to ten rolling steps.
  9. The method according to any of claims 3 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the thermally and/or electrically highly conductive functional particles (3) are deposited on the surface of the strip or foil (1) in dispersion, suspension or powder form before the mechanical incorporation thereof in the surface.
  10. Use of a strip or foil according to claim 1 in order to produce elements for conducting electrical current and/or highly thermally conductive components.
  11. The use according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the strip or foil is used in the manufacture of electrical contacts, battery electrodes, electronic printed circuit boards, solar absorbers, heat exchangers.
EP12703730.7A 2011-01-28 2012-01-26 Aluminium strip with a high thermal and electrical conductivity Not-in-force EP2668311B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011000395A DE102011000395A1 (en) 2011-01-28 2011-01-28 Thermally and electrically highly conductive aluminum strip
PCT/EP2012/051232 WO2012101215A1 (en) 2011-01-28 2012-01-26 Aluminium strip with a high thermal and electrical conductivity

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EP2668311A1 EP2668311A1 (en) 2013-12-04
EP2668311B1 true EP2668311B1 (en) 2014-06-18

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CN105401142A (en) * 2015-11-04 2016-03-16 合肥海源机械有限公司 Aluminum alloy sodium soap grease cured film forming solution and preparation method thereof
JP6810536B2 (en) * 2016-04-25 2021-01-06 臼井国際産業株式会社 Metal materials and their manufacturing methods
CN112635920A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-09 江苏艾鑫科能源科技有限公司 Aluminum bar for new energy battery and forming method thereof

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CA2350853A1 (en) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-15 Groupe Minutia Inc. Method of establishing electrical conductivity between oxide-coated electrical conductors
EP1465836A2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2004-10-13 Battelle Memorial Institute Structures containing carbon nanotubes and a porous support, methods of making the same, and related uses
KR100695124B1 (en) * 2004-02-25 2007-03-14 삼성전자주식회사 Method of horizontally growing nanotubes
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CN101321426B (en) * 2007-06-06 2013-02-27 3M创新有限公司 Electrostatic resistant film and product including the same
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US20130309513A1 (en) 2013-11-21
CA2825158A1 (en) 2012-08-02
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DE102011000395A1 (en) 2012-08-02

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