EP2663810A1 - ]method, heat transfer system, adjustment system and computer program product for controlling a heat transfer system - Google Patents

]method, heat transfer system, adjustment system and computer program product for controlling a heat transfer system

Info

Publication number
EP2663810A1
EP2663810A1 EP12733968.7A EP12733968A EP2663810A1 EP 2663810 A1 EP2663810 A1 EP 2663810A1 EP 12733968 A EP12733968 A EP 12733968A EP 2663810 A1 EP2663810 A1 EP 2663810A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
heating
heat transfer
heat
transfer system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12733968.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2663810A4 (en
Inventor
Eino Hintsala
Kai KÄMÄRÄINEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ouman Oy
Original Assignee
Ouman Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ouman Oy filed Critical Ouman Oy
Publication of EP2663810A1 publication Critical patent/EP2663810A1/en
Publication of EP2663810A4 publication Critical patent/EP2663810A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00—District heating systems
    • F24D10/003—Domestic delivery stations having a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1927—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors
    • G05D23/193—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces
    • G05D23/1932—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces to control the temperature of a plurality of spaces
    • G05D23/1934—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces to control the temperature of a plurality of spaces each space being provided with one sensor acting on one or more control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17—District heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, an adjustment system and a computer program product for controlling a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, in a target, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating or cooling units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part.
  • the invention also relates to a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating or cooling units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part.
  • a target In heat transfer systems with liquid circulation a target can be heated or cooled either by heating or cooling a circulating liquid and sending it to the heating units. If the target to be heated has several parts requiring different heating demans, the amount of heating liquid passing through different heating units is adjusted so that more liquid passes through the heating units of parts needing more heat or cooling and less liquid passes through the heating units of parts needing less heat or cooling. This can lead to situations where energy is wasted, especially if the parts of the target have different demands.
  • Patent publication Fl 20095151 discusses a method, where a heating system with liquid circulation has a delivery part and a discharge part and several heating loops, which take hot liquid from the delivery part and remove cooled liquid to the discharge part.
  • at least one heating loop is selected as a bypass loop.
  • the actuators of the heating loops for example adjustment valves, are monitored, and it is ensured that the actuator of the bypass loop is open, if all the other actuators are closed. With this method the liquid circulation is forced to always be active. No attention is however here paid to conserving energy.
  • Patent publication Fl 20010228 describes a method, where the flow of water in a radiator network is adjusted based on the temperature of the returning water.
  • An object of the invention is a solution by which the drawbacks and disadvantages relating to the prior art can be considerably reduced.
  • the main idea of the invention is to calculate a heat demand compensation value for different parts of a target, the temperature of which is adjusted with a heat transfer system, which is a system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system.
  • the values are compared and the part of the target is selected, which has the highest heat demand compensation value.
  • the operation of the heat transfer system is adjusted so that the selected part of the target is heated in an optimal manner.
  • the invention can also be applied to cooling.
  • the heat demand compensation value means a number, which illustrates how much the part of the target needs to be heated or cooled, so that the set temperature of the part of the target is reached:
  • Optimal heating here means a state when the part of the target is at its set temperature and the heating adjustment actuator is substantially at its maximum and the temperature of the supply part at its minimum.
  • the method according to the invention has a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which is used in the target, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units, and an adjustment system for controlling these units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part.
  • the target has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit. From here on the heating or cooling unit will for the sake of clarity be called a heating unit, and in this context this means a device, which can be used for heating or cooling.
  • the method comprises steps, where a heat demand compensation value is calculated for each part of the target, the heat demand compensation values are read and they are compared, and the highest heat demand compensation value is selected, and the operation of the supply part, i.e. the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air, is adjusted based on the selected heat demand compensation value.
  • the highest heat demand compensation value means that the target, from where the value in question was received, needs the most heat.
  • the heat transfer system is optimised according to the maximum need.
  • heating water does not need to be heated excessively.
  • the heating or cooling units have actuators, which are used to adjust the amount of liquid or air coming from the supply part to the unit.
  • the heat demand compensation values are calculated by using at least constants, which are obtained from the structures of the target and its parts, and as variables at least one of the following: the actuator adjustment value, the desired inside temperature of the part of the target or the temperature of the part of the target.
  • the actuator adjustment value can be a ratio, which illustrates its position or operation. Other numbers can also be used.
  • the form of the adjustment values is taken into account in the equation for calculating the heat demand compensation values.
  • the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is adjusted substantially to its maximum value.
  • the actuator is an adjustable valve, it is adjusted to be open, or if it is a plate adjusting the air flow, it is adjusted into a position where the air flow is at its maximum.
  • the operation of the supply part is adjusted so that the heat demand of the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is fulfilled.
  • the actuators of the heating units are adjusted with room-specific room adjusters.
  • the heat transfer system according to the invention which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part.
  • the heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target, which has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating unit.
  • the heating unit is adjusted with a room adjuster.
  • the adjustment system has arrangements for calculating a heat demand compensation value for each part of the target based on the heat demand, for reading the heat demand compensation values, for selecting the highest of the heat demand compensation values and for adjusting the operation of the supply part based on the selected heat demand compensation value.
  • the arrangement, which calculated a heat demand compensation value for each part of the target can have been implemented in the room adjuster or in a central unit or it may be a device placed in each part of the target or it can have been integrated into some other device in the adjustment system. These said devices can be a part of the heating units in the parts of the target or devices monitoring these.
  • the heating or cooling units have actuators, which adjust the amount of liquid or air coming from the supply part to the heating unit, and a room adjuster is arranged to control the actuators.
  • the arrangement for calculating the heat demand compensation values is arranged to calculate the heat demand compensation values by using at least constants, which are obtained from the structures of the target and its parts, and as variables at least one of the following: the actuator adjustment value, the desired inside temperature of the part of the target or the temperature of the part of the target.
  • the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is arranged to be adjusted substantially to its maximum value, and the temperature of the liquid in the supply part is arranged to be adjusted so that the heat demand of said part of the target is fulfilled.
  • the central unit has means for reading or measuring one or more of the following values: the actuator adjustment value, the temperature of the part of the target, the desired temperature of the part of the target and the temperature outside the target, and for storing the read or measured value for possible later use.
  • the adjustment system controls a heat transfer system, which can be a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units.
  • the adjustment system is arranged to control the heating or cooling units and to adjust the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part.
  • the adjustment system has a memory unit and a calculation unit.
  • the adjustment system advantageously has a computer or a corresponding device.
  • the heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target, which has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit and a sensor arrangement.
  • the sensor arrangement is used to measure the quantities needed for controlling the heat transfer system, such as the room temperatures, the outside temperature and the like.
  • the adjustment system has means for calculating the heat demand compensation value for each part of the target based on values given by the sensor arrangement and constants stored in the memory, for comparing the heat demand compensation values and for selecting the highest of them.
  • the adjustment system adjusts the operation of the supply part based on the selected heat demand compensation value. This operation is the adjustment of the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part.
  • At least a part of the adjustment system can be divided into room adjusters, a selector unit and a control unit.
  • the room adjuster controls the heating units.
  • the control unit adjusts the operation of the supply part.
  • the selector unit selects the highest of the heat demand compensation values.
  • the heating or cooling units of the heat transfer system according to the invention have actuators for controlling their operation, and the room adjusters have means for controlling them and the selector unit has means for selecting that part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, and the control unit is arranged to adjust the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part so that the actuator of said part of the target is adjusted substantially to its maximum value and the heat demand is fulfilled.
  • the computer program product controls the heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air- conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating units and for adjusting the operation of the supply part.
  • the heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target, which has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating unit.
  • the adjustment system has a memory and a processor, and the computer program product is stored in the memory and can be run in the processor. Running the computer program provides the following functions: calculation of the heat demand compensation value for each part of the target, comparison of the heat demand compensation values and adjustment of the operation of the supply part based on the highest heat demand compensation value.
  • the running of it in the adjustment system further provides adjustment of the actuators of the heating units of the heat transfer system so that the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is substantially at its maximum value.
  • Figure 2 shows as an example a heat transfer system according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows as an example a diagram for calculating a room compensation value.
  • Figure 1 shows as an example a flowchart of the method according to the invention. Here the method is described in steps.
  • step 1 01 the optimisation of the heat adjustment of the target is started.
  • the target which is for example a building or the like, has several different parts, such as rooms, which require different heat adjustment, i.e. they have different heat demands.
  • Heat adjustment means either heating or cooling.
  • This method is especially applicable to targets, the heat transfer system, which has a supply part and a return part, of which is implemented by circulating some substance, which transfers heat, either heating or cooling.
  • Such a system is for example heating with liquid circulation, where a liquid is centrally heated and a supply part brings it to the radiators in different parts of the target, which radiators have actuators, which adjust how much liquid can pass through the radiator, and a return part takes the liquid back to be heated.
  • Another example is an air-conditioning system, where different amounts of cooled air are with actuators let into and removed from different parts of the target.
  • heat demand compensation values are calculated for the different parts of the target.
  • the heat demand is a number, which illustrates how much heating the part of the target needs.
  • the heat demand compensation value on the other hand illustrates how the heat transfer system must operate in order for the heat demand of the part of the target to be fulfilled.
  • the heat demand compensation value can be given as percentages, but with some equations other kinds of values can also be obtained.
  • An example is here given of one manner, in which the heat demand compensation values can be calculated.
  • the actuator control value describes the operation of the actuator.
  • 100% means that the actuator is, for example in the case of a valve, completely open and lets through a maximum amount of the heating or cooling substance.
  • Naturally 0% means that the actuator is completely closed. Values between these mean at which ratio the actuator operates.
  • the room compensation YRCOMP value is calculated with the aid of the diagram in relation to the room compensation in Figure 3. The following equation is used for calculating the room compensation:
  • TSET the set temperature of the room (°C) i.e. for example the temperature set with some adjuster, which it is desirable to have as the temperature of the room and for which the heat transfer system strives
  • TTE is the measured value of the room temperature (°C)
  • CRATIO is the room compensation ratio (%/°C).
  • the room compensation ratio can be a value set by the user or it can be determined when installing or calibrating the heat transfer system. This value determines what room compensation value the difference between the set temperature and the measured temperature corresponds to.
  • the difference between the set temperature and the measured temperature (TSET - TTE) is on the X axis and the YRCOMP is on the Y axis.
  • the room compensation is obtained by calculating the difference between the temperatures and seeing what room compensation value it corresponds to on the CRATIO diagram. When the temperature difference is zero, the room compensation is also zero.
  • the room compensation can be limited so that it does not go under a minimum value YRCMIN and does not exceed a maximum value YRCMAX. This is meant to avoid exceedingly large changes in the heat demand compensation and reduce situations, where the heat adjustment overreacts.
  • step 102 these calculations are done for all the parts of the target, whereby each part receives its own heat demand compensation value.
  • step 103 the obtained heat demand compensation values are compared and in step 1 04 the highest of the values is selected. Thereafter in step 1 05 the operation of the supply part of the heat transfer system is adjusted. For example in a heat transfer system with liquid circulation this means adjustment of the temperature of the liquid in the supply part. The adjustment is done so that the temperature of the liquid is compensated according to the part of the target which received the highest heat demand compensation value.
  • This adjustment advantageously also includes the adjustment of the actuators of the heating units, and the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target which received the highest heat demand compensation value is adjusted substantially to its maximum or to be as large as possible.
  • the actuator of the part of the target which needs the most heat is open the most, and the temperature of the heating liquid is such that it is sufficient to produce the set temperature in said part of the target.
  • the temperature of the heating liquid is optimised to the minimum temperature, which achieves the set temperatures of the target. If for example the method is used in air- conditioning, the temperature or flow rate of the cooling air is adjusted, and the actuators are adjusted, which adjust the amount of air entering the rooms.
  • step 106 the use of the method is ended.
  • the optimisation of the heat transfer system according to the invention can be repeated for example at certain intervals or if the set temperature has been changed in some part of the target or if other changes are observed.
  • the method can also be repeated for so long that an equilibrium is achieved.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a heat transfer system according to the invention.
  • the target is a building 206, which has three parts, which can be rooms or entities formed by rooms.
  • the parts are: a first room 207a, a second room 207b and a third room 207c.
  • the heat transfer system is a heating system with liquid circulation. This has a district heat inlet pipe 214, a district heat return pipe 215, a supply part 203 and a return part 210 and a heat exchanger unit 209.
  • the temperature of the supply part is adjusted with a main valve 202 using a supply water sensor 212 as the measuring sensor and circulating the liquid with a pump 213.
  • the heating system has three heating units and each heating unit has its own actuator and room temperature sensor.
  • the heating unit is a heating radiator and the actuator is an adjustment valve.
  • Each pair formed by a heating unit and an actuator is in its own room.
  • the heating unit takes the heating substance, in this case the heating liquid, from the supply part and returns the heating liquid to the return part.
  • the heating liquid yields its heat to the room from the heating unit.
  • the operation of the heating unit i.e. how much its heats up the room where it is placed, is controlled with the temperature of the liquid in the supply part and with the position of the actuator, i.e. with how much heating liquid can get into the heating unit.
  • the heat transfer system is controlled by a control unit 201 , a selector unit 204 and a room adjuster in each room: a first room adjuster 205a, a second room adjuster 205b and a third room adjuster 205c.
  • the entity formed by these can be called an adjustment system, which controls the operation of the heat transfer system.
  • the actuator and at the same time the heating unit in each room is controlled with a room adjuster.
  • the room adjuster can also be used to give the set temperature of the room, and it can measure the room temperature.
  • the room adjuster has a processor, a memory and means for receiving and sending information.
  • the room adjuster adjusts the actuator so that the set temperature is obtained in the room; for example if the room is too cold, the actuator is opened.
  • the room adjusters are each arranged to calculate the heat demand compensation value for their own room.
  • the room adjusters send the heat demand compensation values they have calculated to the selector unit 204.
  • the selector unit 204 has a processor, a memory and means for receiving and sending information. It monitors the room adjusters and if necessary transmits their information to a central unit. The selector unit reads the heat demand compensation values calculated by the room adjusters and finds among them the highest value. The selector unit send the value to a control unit 201.
  • the control unit 201 has a processor, a memory and means for receiving and sending information.
  • the control unit adjusts the temperature of the water in the supply part on the secondary side by adjusting the flow of district heat water on the primary side of the heat exchanger 209 with the aid of the main valve 202.
  • the control unit generally adjusts the temperature of the supply water according to some known adjustment algorithm. This can be some diagram, which is adapted according to the outside temperature. The outside temperature can be measured with an outside temperature sensor 216.
  • the control unit according to the invention is further arranged to adjust the temperature of the supply water according to the heat demand compensation value received from the selector unit 204.
  • a heat demand compensation value is calculated for each room. The highest of these values is selected and the temperature of the water in the supply part is compensated according to it. If the heat demand compensation value calculated according to the example above is negative, this means that the temperature of the heating water can be decreased for this room. If on the other hand the heat demand compensation value is positive, the temperature of the heating water must be increased for this room. As the temperature of the heating water changes, the actuators adjust their control, whereby the control value of the actuator and at the same time the heat demand compensation value changes. After the heat adjustment and at certain intervals, new heat demand compensation values are calculated and it is proceeded according to them.
  • the adjustments of the heat transfer system are iterated, until an equilibrium is achieved.
  • the actuator in the room which has the highest heat demand, is at its maximum .
  • the temperature of the heating water is such that it is sufficient for heating the room in question to its set temperature.
  • the temperature of the heating water is substantially the lowest possible, where it fulfils its heating purpose.
  • the control unit can also directly calculate what the temperature of the heating water is, if the actuator in the room, which has the maximum heat demand compensation value, is adjusted to be larger or to be at its maximum value, and use this temperature of the heating water and adjust the actuator in question.
  • the calculations can also be implemented in other ways.
  • the control unit can perform some of or all of the calculations performed in the example by the selector unit and room adjusters.
  • the calculation capacity of the room adjusters can be decreased, and no separate selector unit is necessarily needed.
  • the control unit performs some of or all of the tasks of the selector unit or the room adjuster.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

In the invention the operation of a heat transfer system, which has liquid or air circulation, is optimised in a target (206), which has two or more parts (207a, 207b, 207c), which have different heat demands. The heat transfer system has a supply part (203) and a return part (210) and two or more heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c), which are controlled with actuators (208a, 208b, 208c), and an adjustment for controlling these and for adjusting the supply part. A heat demand compensation value is calculated for each part of the target and the highest of them is selected. The operation of the supply part, i.e. the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air, is adjusted based on the selected heat demand compensation value. The highest heat demand compensation value means that the target, from where the value in question was received, needs the most heat. The actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is adjusted substantially to its maximum value. The operation of the supply part is adjusted so that the heat demand of the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is fulfilled. Thus the heat transfer system is optimised according to the maximum demand. Thus for example heating water does not need to be heated excessively.

Description

Method, heat transfer system, adjustment system and computer program product for controlling a heat transfer system
The invention relates to a method, an adjustment system and a computer program product for controlling a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, in a target, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating or cooling units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part. The invention also relates to a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating or cooling units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part.
In heat transfer systems with liquid circulation a target can be heated or cooled either by heating or cooling a circulating liquid and sending it to the heating units. If the target to be heated has several parts requiring different heating demans, the amount of heating liquid passing through different heating units is adjusted so that more liquid passes through the heating units of parts needing more heat or cooling and less liquid passes through the heating units of parts needing less heat or cooling. This can lead to situations where energy is wasted, especially if the parts of the target have different demands.
Patent publication Fl 20095151 discusses a method, where a heating system with liquid circulation has a delivery part and a discharge part and several heating loops, which take hot liquid from the delivery part and remove cooled liquid to the discharge part. Here at least one heating loop is selected as a bypass loop. The actuators of the heating loops, for example adjustment valves, are monitored, and it is ensured that the actuator of the bypass loop is open, if all the other actuators are closed. With this method the liquid circulation is forced to always be active. No attention is however here paid to conserving energy. Patent publication Fl 20010228 describes a method, where the flow of water in a radiator network is adjusted based on the temperature of the returning water. This does however not aid the optimisation of heating in a target, which has parts requiring different heating, because the flow is directed at the entire system in the same way. An object of the invention is a solution by which the drawbacks and disadvantages relating to the prior art can be considerably reduced.
The objects of the invention are obtained with a method and an apparatus, which are characterised in what is presented in the independent claims. Some advantageous embodiments of the invention are presented in the dependent claims.
The main idea of the invention is to calculate a heat demand compensation value for different parts of a target, the temperature of which is adjusted with a heat transfer system, which is a system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system. The values are compared and the part of the target is selected, which has the highest heat demand compensation value. The operation of the heat transfer system is adjusted so that the selected part of the target is heated in an optimal manner. The invention can also be applied to cooling. The heat demand compensation value means a number, which illustrates how much the part of the target needs to be heated or cooled, so that the set temperature of the part of the target is reached: Optimal heating here means a state when the part of the target is at its set temperature and the heating adjustment actuator is substantially at its maximum and the temperature of the supply part at its minimum.
The method according to the invention has a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which is used in the target, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units, and an adjustment system for controlling these units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part. The target has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit. From here on the heating or cooling unit will for the sake of clarity be called a heating unit, and in this context this means a device, which can be used for heating or cooling. The method comprises steps, where a heat demand compensation value is calculated for each part of the target, the heat demand compensation values are read and they are compared, and the highest heat demand compensation value is selected, and the operation of the supply part, i.e. the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air, is adjusted based on the selected heat demand compensation value. The highest heat demand compensation value means that the target, from where the value in question was received, needs the most heat. Thus the heat transfer system is optimised according to the maximum need. Thus for example heating water does not need to be heated excessively. In one embodiment of the method according to the invention the heating or cooling units have actuators, which are used to adjust the amount of liquid or air coming from the supply part to the unit.
In a second embodiment of the method according to the invention the heat demand compensation values are calculated by using at least constants, which are obtained from the structures of the target and its parts, and as variables at least one of the following: the actuator adjustment value, the desired inside temperature of the part of the target or the temperature of the part of the target. The actuator adjustment value can be a ratio, which illustrates its position or operation. Other numbers can also be used. The form of the adjustment values is taken into account in the equation for calculating the heat demand compensation values.
In a third embodiment of the method according to the invention the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is adjusted substantially to its maximum value. For example if the actuator is an adjustable valve, it is adjusted to be open, or if it is a plate adjusting the air flow, it is adjusted into a position where the air flow is at its maximum.
In a fourth embodiment of the method according to the invention the operation of the supply part is adjusted so that the heat demand of the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is fulfilled.
In a fifth embodiment of the method according to the invention the actuators of the heating units are adjusted with room-specific room adjusters.
The heat transfer system according to the invention, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part. The heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target, which has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating unit. The heating unit is adjusted with a room adjuster.
The adjustment system has arrangements for calculating a heat demand compensation value for each part of the target based on the heat demand, for reading the heat demand compensation values, for selecting the highest of the heat demand compensation values and for adjusting the operation of the supply part based on the selected heat demand compensation value. The arrangement, which calculated a heat demand compensation value for each part of the target, can have been implemented in the room adjuster or in a central unit or it may be a device placed in each part of the target or it can have been integrated into some other device in the adjustment system. These said devices can be a part of the heating units in the parts of the target or devices monitoring these.
In one embodiment of the heat transfer system according to the invention the heating or cooling units have actuators, which adjust the amount of liquid or air coming from the supply part to the heating unit, and a room adjuster is arranged to control the actuators.
In a second embodiment of the heat transfer system according to the invention the arrangement for calculating the heat demand compensation values is arranged to calculate the heat demand compensation values by using at least constants, which are obtained from the structures of the target and its parts, and as variables at least one of the following: the actuator adjustment value, the desired inside temperature of the part of the target or the temperature of the part of the target.
In a third embodiment of the heat transfer system according to the invention the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is arranged to be adjusted substantially to its maximum value, and the temperature of the liquid in the supply part is arranged to be adjusted so that the heat demand of said part of the target is fulfilled.
In a fourth embodiment of the heat transfer system according to the invention the central unit has means for reading or measuring one or more of the following values: the actuator adjustment value, the temperature of the part of the target, the desired temperature of the part of the target and the temperature outside the target, and for storing the read or measured value for possible later use.
The adjustment system according to the invention controls a heat transfer system, which can be a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating or cooling units. The adjustment system is arranged to control the heating or cooling units and to adjust the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part. The adjustment system has a memory unit and a calculation unit. The adjustment system advantageously has a computer or a corresponding device. The heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target, which has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit and a sensor arrangement. The sensor arrangement is used to measure the quantities needed for controlling the heat transfer system, such as the room temperatures, the outside temperature and the like. The adjustment system has means for calculating the heat demand compensation value for each part of the target based on values given by the sensor arrangement and constants stored in the memory, for comparing the heat demand compensation values and for selecting the highest of them. The adjustment system adjusts the operation of the supply part based on the selected heat demand compensation value. This operation is the adjustment of the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part. At least a part of the adjustment system can be divided into room adjusters, a selector unit and a control unit. The room adjuster controls the heating units. The control unit adjusts the operation of the supply part. The selector unit selects the highest of the heat demand compensation values.
The heating or cooling units of the heat transfer system according to the invention have actuators for controlling their operation, and the room adjusters have means for controlling them and the selector unit has means for selecting that part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, and the control unit is arranged to adjust the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part so that the actuator of said part of the target is adjusted substantially to its maximum value and the heat demand is fulfilled.
The computer program product according to the invention controls the heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air- conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part and a return part and two or more heating units, and an adjustment system for controlling the heating units and for adjusting the operation of the supply part. The heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target, which has two or more parts, which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating unit. The adjustment system has a memory and a processor, and the computer program product is stored in the memory and can be run in the processor. Running the computer program provides the following functions: calculation of the heat demand compensation value for each part of the target, comparison of the heat demand compensation values and adjustment of the operation of the supply part based on the highest heat demand compensation value. In an embodiment of the computer program product according to the invention the running of it in the adjustment system further provides adjustment of the actuators of the heating units of the heat transfer system so that the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is substantially at its maximum value.
It is an advantage of the invention that the temperature of flow of the liquid or air in the supply part is with its aid not kept unnecessarily high, which provides savings in energy consumption.
It is further an advantage of the invention that it makes possible the optimisation of the temperature of the liquids in the supply part and the return part.
It is further an advantage of the invention that it provides as large a cooling as possible of district heat, when the temperature of the return part can be made as low as possible.
It is further an advantage of the invention that it can be used for energy-efficient controlling of hybrid heat, where different heating methods are used, such as for example solar heating and district heat.
It is also an advantage of the invention that it can be used to improve the efficiency of ground heat, when the temperature of the liquid in the supply part can be lowered. It is still an advantage of the invention that it is thus ensured that the liquid circulation is always as large as possible, and the liquid can be made to flow the entire time, whereby the construction of adjustment algorithms is made easier.
In the following, the invention will be described in detail. In the description, reference is made to the appended drawings, in which Figure 1 shows as an example a flow chart of a method according to the invention,
Figure 2 shows as an example a heat transfer system according to the invention and
Figure 3 shows as an example a diagram for calculating a room compensation value. Figure 1 shows as an example a flowchart of the method according to the invention. Here the method is described in steps. In step 1 01 the optimisation of the heat adjustment of the target is started. The target, which is for example a building or the like, has several different parts, such as rooms, which require different heat adjustment, i.e. they have different heat demands. Heat adjustment means either heating or cooling. This method is especially applicable to targets, the heat transfer system, which has a supply part and a return part, of which is implemented by circulating some substance, which transfers heat, either heating or cooling. Such a system is for example heating with liquid circulation, where a liquid is centrally heated and a supply part brings it to the radiators in different parts of the target, which radiators have actuators, which adjust how much liquid can pass through the radiator, and a return part takes the liquid back to be heated. Another example is an air-conditioning system, where different amounts of cooled air are with actuators let into and removed from different parts of the target. In step 102 heat demand compensation values are calculated for the different parts of the target. The heat demand is a number, which illustrates how much heating the part of the target needs. The heat demand compensation value on the other hand illustrates how the heat transfer system must operate in order for the heat demand of the part of the target to be fulfilled. The heat demand compensation value can be given as percentages, but with some equations other kinds of values can also be obtained. An example is here given of one manner, in which the heat demand compensation values can be calculated.
The heat demand compensation value for a part of a target, such as a room, is calculated with the following equation: QACOMP = (Y + YRCOMP) - 100%, where Υτν is the actuator control value (%), YRCOMP is the room compensation (%) and QACOMP is the heat demand compensation value. The actuator control value describes the operation of the actuator. Here 100% means that the actuator is, for example in the case of a valve, completely open and lets through a maximum amount of the heating or cooling substance. Naturally 0% means that the actuator is completely closed. Values between these mean at which ratio the actuator operates. The room compensation YRCOMP value is calculated with the aid of the diagram in relation to the room compensation in Figure 3. The following equation is used for calculating the room compensation:
YRCOMP = (TSET - TTE) * CRATIO, where TSET is the set temperature of the room (°C) i.e. for example the temperature set with some adjuster, which it is desirable to have as the temperature of the room and for which the heat transfer system strives, TTE is the measured value of the room temperature (°C) and CRATIO is the room compensation ratio (%/°C). The room compensation ratio can be a value set by the user or it can be determined when installing or calibrating the heat transfer system. This value determines what room compensation value the difference between the set temperature and the measured temperature corresponds to.
In Figure 3 the difference between the set temperature and the measured temperature (TSET - TTE) is on the X axis and the YRCOMP is on the Y axis. The room compensation is obtained by calculating the difference between the temperatures and seeing what room compensation value it corresponds to on the CRATIO diagram. When the temperature difference is zero, the room compensation is also zero. The room compensation can be limited so that it does not go under a minimum value YRCMIN and does not exceed a maximum value YRCMAX. This is meant to avoid exceedingly large changes in the heat demand compensation and reduce situations, where the heat adjustment overreacts.
An example is given in the following for calculating the heat demand compensation value. 20 °C is given as the set temperature of the. room. Its temperature has been measured as 17 °C. The difference is thus 3 °C. This is placed in the coordinates according to the figure. In the CRATIO diagram this corresponds to a room compensation value of 10%. This value is placed in the equation for the heat demand compensation value. In this example the actuator of the heating unit in the room is in the position of 50%. This comes out to
QACOMP = (50% + 1 0%) - 1 00% = -40%. In step 102 these calculations are done for all the parts of the target, whereby each part receives its own heat demand compensation value.
In step 103 the obtained heat demand compensation values are compared and in step 1 04 the highest of the values is selected. Thereafter in step 1 05 the operation of the supply part of the heat transfer system is adjusted. For example in a heat transfer system with liquid circulation this means adjustment of the temperature of the liquid in the supply part. The adjustment is done so that the temperature of the liquid is compensated according to the part of the target which received the highest heat demand compensation value. This adjustment advantageously also includes the adjustment of the actuators of the heating units, and the actuator of the heating unit in the part of the target which received the highest heat demand compensation value is adjusted substantially to its maximum or to be as large as possible. Thus the actuator of the part of the target which needs the most heat is open the most, and the temperature of the heating liquid is such that it is sufficient to produce the set temperature in said part of the target. Thus the temperature of the heating liquid is optimised to the minimum temperature, which achieves the set temperatures of the target. If for example the method is used in air- conditioning, the temperature or flow rate of the cooling air is adjusted, and the actuators are adjusted, which adjust the amount of air entering the rooms.
In step 106 the use of the method is ended. In use, the optimisation of the heat transfer system according to the invention can be repeated for example at certain intervals or if the set temperature has been changed in some part of the target or if other changes are observed. The method can also be repeated for so long that an equilibrium is achieved.
Figure 2 shows an example of a heat transfer system according to the invention. Here the target is a building 206, which has three parts, which can be rooms or entities formed by rooms. In this example the parts are: a first room 207a, a second room 207b and a third room 207c. The heat transfer system is a heating system with liquid circulation. This has a district heat inlet pipe 214, a district heat return pipe 215, a supply part 203 and a return part 210 and a heat exchanger unit 209. The temperature of the supply part is adjusted with a main valve 202 using a supply water sensor 212 as the measuring sensor and circulating the liquid with a pump 213. The heating system has three heating units and each heating unit has its own actuator and room temperature sensor. These are the first heating unit 220a, the first actuator 208a and the first room temperature sensor 211a, the second heating unit 220b, the second actuator 208b and the second room temperature sensor 211 b and the third heating unit 220c, the third actuator 208c and the third room temperature sensor 211c. In this example the heating unit is a heating radiator and the actuator is an adjustment valve. Each pair formed by a heating unit and an actuator is in its own room. The heating unit takes the heating substance, in this case the heating liquid, from the supply part and returns the heating liquid to the return part. The heating liquid yields its heat to the room from the heating unit. The operation of the heating unit, i.e. how much its heats up the room where it is placed, is controlled with the temperature of the liquid in the supply part and with the position of the actuator, i.e. with how much heating liquid can get into the heating unit.
The heat transfer system is controlled by a control unit 201 , a selector unit 204 and a room adjuster in each room: a first room adjuster 205a, a second room adjuster 205b and a third room adjuster 205c. The entity formed by these can be called an adjustment system, which controls the operation of the heat transfer system.
In the example illustrated in Figure 2 the actuator and at the same time the heating unit in each room is controlled with a room adjuster. The room adjuster can also be used to give the set temperature of the room, and it can measure the room temperature. The room adjuster has a processor, a memory and means for receiving and sending information. The room adjuster adjusts the actuator so that the set temperature is obtained in the room; for example if the room is too cold, the actuator is opened. In the example the room adjusters are each arranged to calculate the heat demand compensation value for their own room. The room adjusters send the heat demand compensation values they have calculated to the selector unit 204.
The selector unit 204 has a processor, a memory and means for receiving and sending information. It monitors the room adjusters and if necessary transmits their information to a central unit. The selector unit reads the heat demand compensation values calculated by the room adjusters and finds among them the highest value. The selector unit send the value to a control unit 201.
The control unit 201 has a processor, a memory and means for receiving and sending information. The control unit adjusts the temperature of the water in the supply part on the secondary side by adjusting the flow of district heat water on the primary side of the heat exchanger 209 with the aid of the main valve 202. The control unit generally adjusts the temperature of the supply water according to some known adjustment algorithm. This can be some diagram, which is adapted according to the outside temperature. The outside temperature can be measured with an outside temperature sensor 216. The control unit according to the invention is further arranged to adjust the temperature of the supply water according to the heat demand compensation value received from the selector unit 204.
In the building according to the example an optimisation of the operation of the heat transfer system is started. A heat demand compensation value is calculated for each room. The highest of these values is selected and the temperature of the water in the supply part is compensated according to it. If the heat demand compensation value calculated according to the example above is negative, this means that the temperature of the heating water can be decreased for this room. If on the other hand the heat demand compensation value is positive, the temperature of the heating water must be increased for this room. As the temperature of the heating water changes, the actuators adjust their control, whereby the control value of the actuator and at the same time the heat demand compensation value changes. After the heat adjustment and at certain intervals, new heat demand compensation values are calculated and it is proceeded according to them. Thus the adjustments of the heat transfer system are iterated, until an equilibrium is achieved. In the equilibrium the actuator in the room, which has the highest heat demand, is at its maximum . and the temperature of the heating water is such that it is sufficient for heating the room in question to its set temperature. Thus the temperature of the heating water is substantially the lowest possible, where it fulfils its heating purpose.
The control unit can also directly calculate what the temperature of the heating water is, if the actuator in the room, which has the maximum heat demand compensation value, is adjusted to be larger or to be at its maximum value, and use this temperature of the heating water and adjust the actuator in question. The calculations can also be implemented in other ways. For example the control unit can perform some of or all of the calculations performed in the example by the selector unit and room adjusters. Thus the calculation capacity of the room adjusters can be decreased, and no separate selector unit is necessarily needed. Thus the control unit performs some of or all of the tasks of the selector unit or the room adjuster.
Some advantageous embodiments according to the invention have been described above. The invention is not limited to the solutions described above, but the inventive idea can be applied in numerous ways within the scope of the claims.

Claims

Claims
1 . A method for controlling a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, in a target (206), which heat transfer system has a supply part (203) and a return part (210) and two or more heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c), and an adjustment system for controlling the heating or cooling units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part, characterised in that the heat transfer method is used in a target, which has two or more parts (207a, 207b, 207c), which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit, and the method comprises steps, which comprise:
- calculating its own heat demand compensation value (102) for each part of the target and
- reading the heat demand compensation values and selecting the highest of them and adjusting the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air on the supply part based on the selected heat demand compensation value
(103).
2. The method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the heating or cooling units have actuators (208a, 208b, 208c), which are used to adjust the amount of liquid or air coming from the supply part (203) to the heating or cooling unit (220a, 220b, 220c).
3. The method according to claim 2, characterised in that the heat demand compensation values are calculated by using at least constants, which are obtained from the structures of the target (206) and its parts, and as variables at least one of the following: the actuator (208a, 208b, 208c) adjustment value, the desired temperature of the part (207a, 207b, 207c) of the target or the temperature of the part of the target.
4. The method according to any of the claims 1-3, characterised in that the actuator (208a, 208b, 208c) of the heating or cooling unit (220a, 220b, 220c) in the part (207a, 207b, 207c) of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is adjusted substantially to its maximum value.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterised in that the operation of the supply part (203) is adjusted so that the heat demand of the part (207a, 207b, 207c) of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is fulfilled.
6. The method according to any of the claims 2-5, characterised in that the actuators (208a, 208b, 208c) are adjusted with room-specific room adjusters (205a, 205b, 205c).
7. . A heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part (203) and a return part (210) and two or more heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c), and an adjustment system for controlling the heating or cooling units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part, characterised in that the heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target (206), which has two or more parts (207a, 207b, 207c), which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit, and the adjustment system has arrangements for
- calculating a heat demand compensation value for each part of the target based on the heat demand,
- reading the heat demand compensation values,
- selecting the highest heat demand compensation value and
- adjusting the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part based on the selected heat demand compensation value.
8. The heat transfer system according to claim 7, characterised in that the heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c) have actuators (208a, 208b, 208c), which adjust the amount of liquid or air coming from the supply part (203) into the unit, and the adjustment system is arranged to control the actuators.
9. The heat transfer system according to any of the claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the arrangement for calculating the heat demand compensation values is arranged to calculate the heat demand compensation values by using at least constants, which are obtained from the structures of the target (206) and its parts, and as variables at least one of the following: the actuator (208a, 208b, 208c) adjustment value, the desired inside temperature of the part (207a, 207b, 207c) of the target or the temperature of the part of the target.
10. The heat transfer system according to any of the claims 7-9, characterised in that the actuator (208a, 208b, 208c) of the heating or cooling unit (220a, 220b, 220c) in the part of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is arranged to be adjusted substantially to its maximum value, and the temperature of the liquid in the supply part is arranged to be adjusted so that the heat demand of said part of the target is fulfilled.
1 1. The heat transfer system according to claims 7-10, characterised in that the adjustment system has means for reading or measuring one or more of the following values: the actuator (208a, 208b, 208c) adjustment value, the temperature of the part (207a, 207b, 207c) of the target, the desired temperature of the part of the target and the temperature outside the target (206), and for storing the read or measured value for possible later use.
12. An adjustment system for controlling a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part (203) and a return part (210) and two or more heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c), and the adjustment system is arranged to control the heating or cooling units and to adjust the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part, and the adjustment system has a memory unit and a calculation unit, characterised in that the heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target (206), which has two or more parts (207a, 207b, 207c), which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit and a sensor arrangement (21 1 a, 21 1 b, 21 1 c), and the adjustment system has means for:
- calculating a heat demand compensation value for each part of the target based on values given by the sensor arrangements and constants stored in the memory,
- comparing the heat demand compensation values and selecting the highest value and
- adjusting the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part based on the selected heat demand compensation value.
13. The adjustment system according to claim 12, characterised in that the heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c) have actuators (208a, 208b, 208c) for controlling their operation and the adjustment system has means for controlling them, and the actuator of the heating or cooling unit in the part (207a, 207b, 207c) of the target, which has the highest heat demand compensation value, is adjusted to its maximum value, and the adjustment system is arranged to adjust the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part so that the heat demand of said part of the target is fulfilled.
14. A computer program product for controlling a heat transfer system, which is a heat transfer system with liquid circulation or an air-conditioning system, which heat transfer system has a supply part (203) and a return part (210) and two or more heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c), and an adjustment system for controlling the heating units and for adjusting the temperature or flow rate of liquid or air in the supply part, and the adjustment system has a memory unit and a calculation unit, characterised in that the heat transfer system is arranged to be used in a target (206), which has two or more parts (207a, 207b, 207c), which have different heat demands, and each part has its own heating or cooling unit, and running the computer program product in the adjustment system provides the following functions:
- calculation of a heat demand compensation value for each part of the target,
- comparison of the heat demand compensation values and
- adjustment of the temperature or flow rate of the liquid or air in the supply part based on the highest heat demand compensation value. 5. The computer program product according to claim 14, characterised in that the running thereof in an adjustment system further provides the adjustment of the actuators (208a, 208b, 208c) of the heating or cooling units (220a, 220b, 220c) of the heat transfer system so that the actuator of the heating or cooling unit in the part (207a, 207b, 207c) of the target, which has the selected heat demand compensation value, is substantially at its maximum value, and the adjustment of the operation of the supply part to be such that the heat demand of said part of the target is fulfilled.
EP12733968.7A 2011-01-13 2012-01-03 ]method, heat transfer system, adjustment system and computer program product for controlling a heat transfer system Withdrawn EP2663810A4 (en)

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EP0864955A1 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device and method for adjusting the power of a heating apparatus
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EP2663810A4 (en) 2014-09-24
FI122650B (en) 2012-05-15
WO2012095558A1 (en) 2012-07-19
FI20115035A0 (en) 2011-01-13

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