EP2659959A1 - Device for mixing the content of substrate containers - Google Patents

Device for mixing the content of substrate containers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2659959A1
EP2659959A1 EP12400015.9A EP12400015A EP2659959A1 EP 2659959 A1 EP2659959 A1 EP 2659959A1 EP 12400015 A EP12400015 A EP 12400015A EP 2659959 A1 EP2659959 A1 EP 2659959A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stirring
substrate container
stirring wheel
carriage
agitator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12400015.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2659959B1 (en
Inventor
Johann Hochreiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BHKW Johann Hochreiter Biogas Planung Beratung GmbH
Original Assignee
BHKW Johann Hochreiter Biogas Planung Beratung GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by BHKW Johann Hochreiter Biogas Planung Beratung GmbH filed Critical BHKW Johann Hochreiter Biogas Planung Beratung GmbH
Priority to EP12400015.9A priority Critical patent/EP2659959B1/en
Publication of EP2659959A1 publication Critical patent/EP2659959A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2659959B1 publication Critical patent/EP2659959B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05Stirrers
    • B01F27/07Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0727Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis having stirring elements connected to the stirrer shaft each by two or more radial rods, e.g. the shaft being interrupted between the rods, or of crankshaft type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2122Hollow shafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/25Mixers with both stirrer and drive unit submerged in the material being mixed
    • B01F27/251Vertical beam constructions therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/71Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with propellers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/81Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
    • B01F35/32Driving arrangements
    • B01F35/322Construction of driving shafts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a stirring device for biogas digester shown and described, which can be easily removed or installed for maintenance or repair without changing the level and without significant disturbance of normal operation.
  • the stirring device is in a vertical shaft, which protrudes from above into the fermenter vessel and in the lower part has an outlet opening.
  • the outlet opening is slightly below the filling level, so that a gastight seal is formed.
  • the shaft with the stirring device can also be attached to the outside of the fermenter.
  • the stirrer comprises at least one drive and a wall-mounted stirrer shaft bearing fastened to the wall of the fermentation container, a further fermenter-side stirring shaft bearing resting on the ground and at least one stirring shaft with stirring blades.
  • the stirring shaft extends parallel to the bottom of the fermentation tank in the direction of the main axis of the fermentation tank.
  • the present invention is based on the object to provide a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers, especially in biogas plants, which has a high performance, is very well adapted to the changing conditions during operation of the biogas plant and in maintenance low disturbances of Operation caused.
  • the advantages of the device according to the invention for biogas plants lie in its high performance, its stability and its ease of maintenance.
  • a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers configured when the substrate container comprises a circumferential wall and a bottom, wherein the circumferential wall oriented on a vertical main axis when at least one agitator is arranged in the substrate container by means of mounting frame, and if the agitator a stirring wheel having a horizontal axis of rotation, and in which the stirring wheel is vertically adjustable.
  • the stirring wheel has a concentric support tube, when the mounting frame a vertically adjustable carriage is mounted, and when the carriage has a horizontally oriented drive train for receiving the support tube of Rillonrads, where it is favorable if the vertical adjustment of the carriage by means of a transmission, preferably by means of a drive chain.
  • a device according to the invention is advantageous if the stirring wheel consists of two disks arranged parallel to one another, between which a number of stirring blades are arranged, and if the stirring blades run in planes which are inclined to the axis of rotation of the stirring wheel.
  • a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers is designed particularly favorable when several agitators are arranged in the substrate container, which are optionally diametrically opposite and in which the vertical adjustment of the stirring wheels takes place together or individually.
  • a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers be carried out when the substrate container is designed as a fermentation tank, Nachgär interle, repository or the like, it is advantageous if the substrate container has a lid with gas-tight sealable inspection openings.
  • peripheral wall of the substrate container is annular in plan view.
  • FIG. 1 an open substrate container is shown, which is referred to in the following description as a fermentation tank 1 a biogas plant 2.
  • the content is to be mixed by four agitators 3, which are arranged vertically on a wall 4 of the cylindrical fermentation container 1 in this embodiment.
  • agitators 3 may be present in a container for biogas plants 2.
  • the wall 4 of the fermentation container 1 is preferably thermally insulated and preferably made of concrete.
  • the four agitators 3 are shown in their position for maintenance, namely in their uppermost, the maintenance position.
  • a stirring wheel 5 of the agitator 3 projects beyond the upper boundary of the fermentation vessel 1 so far that the horizontally oriented axis of rotation 6 of the stirring wheel 5 extends above the upper boundary edge 7 of the fermentation vessel 1.
  • the agitator 5 is rotatably mounted in a carriage 8, which is mounted vertically movable in a mounting frame 9.
  • FIG. 2 is a stirrer 3 shown in detail.
  • the mounting frame 9 is located inside the wall 4 of the fermentation tank 1, which is only hinted at here.
  • the mounting frame 9 stands on an unspecified bottom of the fermentation tank 1 and is also supported there.
  • the mounting frame 9 extends vertically and parallel to the main axis 10 of the fermentation container 1.
  • the mounting frame 9 has vertically extending rails 11, in which the carriage 8 can move vertically up and down.
  • the carriage 8 carries the impeller 5, which will be described in detail later. With the help of the carriage 8, the stirring wheel 5 is also vertically movable and can be positioned at any desired height in the fermentation tank 1, as in FIG. 3 is illustrated.
  • the agitator 5 has frontally two mutually parallel discs 12 and 13, between which a number of stirring blades 14 is arranged.
  • the discs 12 and 13 are formed in the manner of a truss structure with a circumferential band 15 and a plurality of spokes 16.
  • the agitator 5 forms in this way an arrangement in the manner of a rotatable cage, reminiscent in the broadest sense of a per se known waterwheel.
  • the stirring blades 14 are arranged obliquely between the discs 12 and 13, so that the driven stirring wheel 5 of the biomass located in the fermentation container 1 can set a predeterminable spin.
  • the rotation of the liquid to pasty biomass in the fermentation tank 1 can be influenced by the targeted orientation of the stirring blades 14.
  • the individual stirring blades 14 may consist of a plurality of stirring elements 17, or else be embodied in one piece.
  • the multi-part design of the stirring blades 14 favors the replacement of faulty stirring elements 17, since not necessarily the complete stirring blade 14 must be replaced in case of damage.
  • the agitator 5 is mounted by means of a support tube 18 on one side in the carriage 8 and its rotation is effected by a drive in the center 19 of the Rhakrads 5 through which the horizontal axis of rotation 6 is specified.
  • FIG. 3 An agitator 3 is illustrated in three different positions.
  • FIG. 3a shows the lowest position of the stirring wheel 5 within the fermentation tank 1. This position is occupied by the stirring wheel 5, when the level of the fermentation tank 1 is the lowest.
  • FIG. 3b is the highest working position of Rrindrads 5 shown, it is occupied by the impeller 5 when the level in the fermentation tank 1 has its highest level.
  • the position of the stirring wheel 5 in Figure 3c corresponds to the already mentioned maintenance position. Intermediate positions are infinitely possible.
  • the positions of the stirring wheels 5 may also be different during operation, if, for example, a special turbulence of the contents is desired.
  • FIG. 4 a detail is shown as they come from the Figures 2 or 3 can be removed.
  • the agitator 3 is again shown in its maintenance position, in which the agitator 5 is in the upper position.
  • the mounting frame 9 is partially enlarged to recognize.
  • the slide 8 guided in the rails 11 has a driver cross-member 20 which is fastened to the carriage 8.
  • the driver Traverse 20 is also firmly connected to a drive chain 21, which in turn is moved by a drive, not shown.
  • the drive is located at a suitable location and is of minor importance here. He only has to drive the drive chain 21, which in turn transmits its movement to the driver cross member 20 and moves the carriage 8 in the rails 11 up and down.
  • the carriage 8 thereby conveys the agitator 5 in changing positions along the mounting frame 9.
  • the vertical longitudinal movement of the carriage 8 can also in a manner not shown by other drives, such as hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical or other way done.
  • the slide 8 is shown schematically in isolation.
  • the carriage 8 consists of a carriage frame 22, on which the driver Traverse 20 is attached.
  • the carriage frame 22 has at its outer areas over a number of guide bodies, here rollers 23, through which it is guided in its vertical longitudinal movements in the rails 11, not shown in this figure.
  • the carriage frame 22 receives a carrier plate 24, which serves as the basis for a drive train 25.
  • the drive train 25 has a drive motor 26 on which the stirring wheel 5 is rotated.
  • the drive train 25 with the drive motor 26 extends for receiving the Rntonrads 5 in the space above the fermentation vessel 1 horizontally into it and carries at its free end a receiving flange 27, which serves to receive the Rntonrads 5.
  • the drive train 25 is effectively the hub of the stirring wheel 5.
  • the stirring wheel 5 has in its center 19 on the support tube 18, by means of which it is pushed onto the drive train 25 and fixed there.
  • the drive motor 26 and the interior of the support tube 18 are well accessible from the outside, so that maintenance can be easily done. In a manner not shown, lubricant and coolant along the drive train 25 can be easily introduced into the interior of the support tube 18.
  • FIG. 6 is the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 taken up again, but here the fermentation tank is provided with a lid 29, which is required if you must work under exclusion of air.
  • the stirring wheels 5 of the agitators 3 are in the maintenance position and project beyond the outer surface of the lid 29.
  • an inspection opening 30 in the lid is provided in the correct position for an agitator 3. in the Accordingly, four inspection openings 30 are present in the cover 29 in the present embodiment.
  • the stirring wheels 5 are at least partially sunk inside the fermentation tank 1 and the inspection opening 30 are hermetically sealed with covers not shown here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus comprises at least one vertically adjustable stirrer (3) arranged in a substrate carrier (1), where the stirrer includes a stirring wheel (5) with a horizontal axis of rotation (6), and the stirring wheel consists of two discs aligned parallel to one another, between which a number of stirring blades (14) are arranged. The substrate carrier comprises a circumferential wall and a bottom, where the circumferential wall is oriented at a vertical principal axis.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen des Inhalts von Substratbehältern gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers according to the preamble of claim 1.

Rührwerke für Biogasanlagen sind bereits bekannt. So ist in der DE 102 60 972 B4 eine Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen von Flüssigmist in einem senkrecht stehenden Vorratsbehälter beschrieben, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass eine Welle mit Rührelementen radial in den senkrecht stehenden, zylindrischen Vorratsbehälter hineinragt, mittels einer Antriebsvorrichtung drehbar ist und dass die Rührelemente als schaufelförmige Paddel so ausgebildet sind, dass sie in bestimmten Rotationspositionen einen Durchbruch in einer Abdeckung des Vorratsbehälters durchragen, und dass der Durchbruch mittels einer Haube hermetisch verschließbar ist.Agitators for biogas plants are already known. So is in the DE 102 60 972 B4 a device for mixing liquid manure in a vertical reservoir described, which is characterized in that a shaft with stirring elements protrudes radially into the vertical, cylindrical reservoir, is rotatable by means of a drive device and that the stirring elements are designed as paddle-shaped paddle so that they protrude in certain rotational positions a breakthrough in a cover of the reservoir, and that the breakthrough is hermetically sealed by a hood.

Ferner ist in der DE 10 2008 006 813 A1 eine Rührvorrichtung für Biogasfermenter gezeigt und beschrieben, die zur Wartung oder Reparatur problemlos ohne Veränderung des Füllstands und ohne wesentliche Störung des normalen Betriebsablaufs aus- bzw. eingebaut werden kann. Dazu befindet sich die Rührvorrichtung in einem senkrecht stehenden Schacht, der von oben her in den Fermenterkessel hineinragt und im unteren Teil eine Austrittsöffnung hat. Die Austrittsöffnung liegt dabei etwas unterhalb der Füllstandshöhe, so dass ein gasdichter Abschluss entsteht. Der Schacht mit der Rührvorrichtung kann auch an der Außenseite des Fermenters angebracht sein.Furthermore, in the DE 10 2008 006 813 A1 a stirring device for biogas digester shown and described, which can be easily removed or installed for maintenance or repair without changing the level and without significant disturbance of normal operation. For this purpose, the stirring device is in a vertical shaft, which protrudes from above into the fermenter vessel and in the lower part has an outlet opening. The outlet opening is slightly below the filling level, so that a gastight seal is formed. The shaft with the stirring device can also be attached to the outside of the fermenter.

Außerdem ist eine Biogasanlage mit einem Rührwerk aus der DE 20 2006 004 982 U1 bekannt. Dort umfasst das Rührwerk zumindest einen Antrieb und ein an der Wand des Fermentationsbehälters befestigtes wandseitiges Rührwellenlager, ein weiteres, sich am Boden abstützendes fermenterseitiges Rührwellenlager und zumindest eine Rührwelle mit Rührblättern. Dabei erstreckt sich die Rührwelle parallel zum Boden des Fermentationsbehälters in Richtung der Hauptachse des Fermentationsbehälters.In addition, a biogas plant with a stirrer from the DE 20 2006 004 982 U1 known. There, the stirrer comprises at least one drive and a wall-mounted stirrer shaft bearing fastened to the wall of the fermentation container, a further fermenter-side stirring shaft bearing resting on the ground and at least one stirring shaft with stirring blades. In this case, the stirring shaft extends parallel to the bottom of the fermentation tank in the direction of the main axis of the fermentation tank.

Außerdem ist aus der DE 20 2006 020 195 U1 ein Rührwerk für einen Fermenter bekannt, bei dem mehrere vertikal angeordnete Rührwellen Rührpaddel tragen und über einen Antriebsmechanismus zum Antrieb der Rührwellen verfügen. Am Boden des Fermenters befinden sich Zentrierlager zum zentrieren der vertikal angeordneten Rührwellen.Moreover, from the DE 20 2006 020 195 U1 an agitator for a fermenter, in which a plurality of vertically arranged stirrer shafts carry stirring paddles and have a drive mechanism for driving the stirrer shafts. At the bottom of the fermenter are centering for centering the vertically arranged stirrer shafts.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen des Inhalts von Substratbehältern, insbesondere bei Biogasanlagen zu schaffen, die über eine hohe Leistungsfähigkeit verfügt, sehr gut an die wechselnden Bedingungen beim Betrieb der Biogasanlage anpassbar ist und bei der Wartung geringe Störungen des Betriebs verursacht.The present invention is based on the object to provide a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers, especially in biogas plants, which has a high performance, is very well adapted to the changing conditions during operation of the biogas plant and in maintenance low disturbances of Operation caused.

Diese Ausgabe wird von einer Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Vorrichtung sind den abhängigen Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.This output is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the device can be found in the dependent claims.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung für Biogasanlagen liegen in seiner großen Leistungsfähigkeit, ihrer Stabilität und ihrer Wartungsfreundlichkeit.The advantages of the device according to the invention for biogas plants lie in its high performance, its stability and its ease of maintenance.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist eine Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen des Inhalts von Substratbehältern ausgestaltet, wenn der Substratbehälter eine umlaufende Wand und einen Boden umfasst, wobei sich die umlaufende Wand an einer vertikalen Hauptachse orientiert, wenn mittels Montagerahmen wenigstens ein Rührwerk im Substratbehälter angeordnet ist, und wenn das Rührwerk ein Rührrad mit horizontal verlaufender Drehachse aufweist, und bei dem das Rührrad vertikal verstellbar ist. Ferner ist eine Vorrichtung vorteilhaft, wenn das Rührrad über ein konzentrisches Tragrohr verfügt, wenn am Montagerahmen ein vertikal verstellbarer Schlitten gelagert ist, und wenn der Schlitten einen horizontal ausgerichteten Antriebsstrang zur Aufnahme des Tragrohres des Rührrads aufweist, wobei es günstig ist, wenn die vertikale Verstellung des Schlittens mittels eines Getriebes, bevorzugt mittels einer Antriebskette erfolgt.Particularly advantageous is a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers configured when the substrate container comprises a circumferential wall and a bottom, wherein the circumferential wall oriented on a vertical main axis when at least one agitator is arranged in the substrate container by means of mounting frame, and if the agitator a stirring wheel having a horizontal axis of rotation, and in which the stirring wheel is vertically adjustable. Furthermore, a device is advantageous if the stirring wheel has a concentric support tube, when the mounting frame a vertically adjustable carriage is mounted, and when the carriage has a horizontally oriented drive train for receiving the support tube of Rührrads, where it is favorable if the vertical adjustment of the carriage by means of a transmission, preferably by means of a drive chain.

Darüber hinaus ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung vorteilhaft, wenn das Rührrad aus zwei parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Scheiben besteht, zwischen denen eine Anzahl von Rührschaufeln angeordnet ist, und wenn die Rührschaufeln in Ebenen verlaufen, die zur Drehachse des Rührrads geneigt sind.In addition, a device according to the invention is advantageous if the stirring wheel consists of two disks arranged parallel to one another, between which a number of stirring blades are arranged, and if the stirring blades run in planes which are inclined to the axis of rotation of the stirring wheel.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen des Inhalts von Substratbehältern ist besonders günstig ausgestaltet, wenn mehrere Rührwerke im Substratbehälter angeordnet sind, die sich gegebenenfalls diametral gegenüber liegen und bei der die vertikale Verstellung der Rührräder gemeinsam oder individuell erfolgt.A device for mixing the contents of substrate containers is designed particularly favorable when several agitators are arranged in the substrate container, which are optionally diametrically opposite and in which the vertical adjustment of the stirring wheels takes place together or individually.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann eine Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen des Inhalts von Substratbehältern ausgeführt sein, wenn der Substratbehälter als Fermentationsbehälter, Nachgärbehälter, Endlager oder dergleichen ausgebildet ist, wobei es günstig ist, wenn der Substratbehälter einen Deckel mit gasdicht verschließbaren Inspektionsöffnungen aufweist.Advantageously, a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers be carried out when the substrate container is designed as a fermentation tank, Nachgärbehälter, repository or the like, it is advantageous if the substrate container has a lid with gas-tight sealable inspection openings.

Außerdem ist es bei einer Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen des Inhalts von Substratbehältern von Vorteil, wenn die umlaufende Wand des Substratbehälters in der Draufsicht Kreisringförmig ist.Moreover, in a device for mixing the contents of substrate containers, it is advantageous if the peripheral wall of the substrate container is annular in plan view.

Mit Hilfe eines Ausführungsbeispiels soll die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen noch näher erläutert werden.With the help of an embodiment, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 einen offenen Fermentationsbehälter einer Biogasanlage mit vier Rührwerken;
  • Figur 2 ein Rührwerk in Einzeldarstellung;
  • Figur 3 das Rührwerk gemäß Figur 2 in unterschiedlichen Betriebsstellungen;
  • Figur 4 eine Einzelheit vom Verstellantrieb des Rührwerks gemäß Figur 2;
  • Figur 5 die Schematische Ansicht eines Antriebsmoduls für das Rührwerk gemäß Figur 2 und
  • Figur 6 eine Ansicht auf eine Biogasanlage mit geschlossenem Fermentationsbehälter.
It shows
  • FIG. 1 an open fermentation tank of a biogas plant with four agitators;
  • FIG. 2 a stirrer in individual representation;
  • FIG. 3 the agitator according to FIG. 2 in different operating positions;
  • FIG. 4 a detail of the adjustment of the agitator according to FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 5 the schematic view of a drive module for the agitator according to FIG. 2 and
  • FIG. 6 a view of a biogas plant with closed fermentation tank.

In Figur 1 ist ein offener Substratbehälter gezeigt, der in der folgenden Beschreibung als Fermentationsbehälter 1 einer Biogasanlage 2 bezeichnet wird. Der nicht dargestellte Inhalt soll von vier Rührwerken 3 durchgemischt werden, welche innen an einer Wand 4 des bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel zylindrischen Fermentationsbehälters 1 senkrecht stehend angeordnet sind. Anstelle von vier kann auch eine andere Anzahl von Rührwerken 3 in einem Behälter für Biogasanlagen 2 vorhanden sein. Die Wand 4 des Fermentationsbehälters 1 ist vorzugsweise thermisch isoliert und vorzugsweise aus Beton gefertigt. Die vier Rührwerke 3 sind in ihrer Stellung für Wartungsarbeiten, nämlich in ihrer obersten, der Wartungs-Position dargestellt. In dieser Stellung ragt ein Rührrad 5 des Rührwerks 3 über die obere Begrenzung des Fermentationsbehälters 1 soweit hinaus, dass die horizontal orientierte Drehachse 6 des Rührrads 5 oberhalb des oberen Begrenzungsrands 7 des Fermentationsbehälters 1 verläuft. Das Rührrad 5 ist in einem Schlitten 8 drehbeweglich gelagert, welcher vertikal beweglich in einem Montagerahmen 9 montiert ist.In FIG. 1 an open substrate container is shown, which is referred to in the following description as a fermentation tank 1 a biogas plant 2. The content, not shown, is to be mixed by four agitators 3, which are arranged vertically on a wall 4 of the cylindrical fermentation container 1 in this embodiment. Instead of four, a different number of agitators 3 may be present in a container for biogas plants 2. The wall 4 of the fermentation container 1 is preferably thermally insulated and preferably made of concrete. The four agitators 3 are shown in their position for maintenance, namely in their uppermost, the maintenance position. In this position, a stirring wheel 5 of the agitator 3 projects beyond the upper boundary of the fermentation vessel 1 so far that the horizontally oriented axis of rotation 6 of the stirring wheel 5 extends above the upper boundary edge 7 of the fermentation vessel 1. The agitator 5 is rotatably mounted in a carriage 8, which is mounted vertically movable in a mounting frame 9.

In Figur 2 ist ein Rührwerk 3 in Einzeldarstellung gezeigt. Der Montagerahmen 9 befindet sich innen an der Wand 4 des Fermentationsbehälters 1, was hier nur angedeutet ist. Der Montagerahmen 9 steht auf einem nicht näher bezeichneten Boden des Fermentationsbehälters 1 und stützt sich auch dort ab. Der Montagerahmen 9 erstreckt sich vertikal und parallel zur Hauptachse 10 des Fermentationsbehälters 1. Der Montagerahmen 9 weist vertikal verlaufende Schienen 11 auf, in denen sich der Schlitten 8 vertikal auf und ab bewegen kann. Der Schlitten 8 trägt das Rührrad 5, was später noch ausführlich beschrieben werden wird. Mit Hilfe des Schlittens 8 ist das Rührrad 5 ebenfalls vertikal beweglich und lässt sich in jeder gewünschten Höhe im Fermentationsbehälter 1 positionieren, wie in Figur 3 veranschaulicht wird.In FIG. 2 is a stirrer 3 shown in detail. The mounting frame 9 is located inside the wall 4 of the fermentation tank 1, which is only hinted at here. The mounting frame 9 stands on an unspecified bottom of the fermentation tank 1 and is also supported there. The mounting frame 9 extends vertically and parallel to the main axis 10 of the fermentation container 1. The mounting frame 9 has vertically extending rails 11, in which the carriage 8 can move vertically up and down. The carriage 8 carries the impeller 5, which will be described in detail later. With the help of the carriage 8, the stirring wheel 5 is also vertically movable and can be positioned at any desired height in the fermentation tank 1, as in FIG. 3 is illustrated.

Das Rührrad 5 weist stirnseitig zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Scheiben 12 und 13 auf, zwischen denen eine Anzahl von Rührschaufeln 14 angeordnet ist. Die Scheiben 12 und 13 sind nach Art einer Fachwerkkonstruktion mit einem Umfangsband 15 und mehreren Speichen 16 ausgebildet. Das Rührrad 5 bildet auf diese Weise eine Anordnung nach Art eines drehbaren Käfigs, der im weitesten Sinne an ein an sich bekanntes Wasserrad erinnert. Im Gegensatz zu bekannten Wasserrädern sind die Rührschaufeln 14 zwischen den Scheiben 12 und 13 schräg angeordnet, so dass das angetriebene Rührrad 5 der im Fermentationsbehälter 1 befindlichen Biomasse einen vorbestimmbaren Drall versetzen kann. Die Rotation der flüssigen bis teigigen Biomasse im Fermentationsbehälter 1 kann durch die gezielte Ausrichtung der Rührschaufeln 14 beeinflusst werden. Die einzelnen Rührschaufeln 14 können aus mehreren Rührelementen 17 bestehen, oder aber auch einstückig ausgeführt sein. Die mehrteilige Ausführung der Rührschaufeln 14 begünstigt den Austausch von fehlerhaften Rührelementen 17, da bei Beschädigungen nicht unbedingt die komplette Rührschaufel 14 ausgetauscht werden muß. Das Rührrad 5 ist mittels eines Tragrohrs 18 einseitig im Schlitten 8 gelagert und seine Drehung erfolgt durch einen Antrieb im Zentrum 19 des Rührrads 5, durch welches die horizontale Drehachse 6 vorgegeben wird.The agitator 5 has frontally two mutually parallel discs 12 and 13, between which a number of stirring blades 14 is arranged. The discs 12 and 13 are formed in the manner of a truss structure with a circumferential band 15 and a plurality of spokes 16. The agitator 5 forms in this way an arrangement in the manner of a rotatable cage, reminiscent in the broadest sense of a per se known waterwheel. In contrast to known water wheels, the stirring blades 14 are arranged obliquely between the discs 12 and 13, so that the driven stirring wheel 5 of the biomass located in the fermentation container 1 can set a predeterminable spin. The rotation of the liquid to pasty biomass in the fermentation tank 1 can be influenced by the targeted orientation of the stirring blades 14. The individual stirring blades 14 may consist of a plurality of stirring elements 17, or else be embodied in one piece. The multi-part design of the stirring blades 14 favors the replacement of faulty stirring elements 17, since not necessarily the complete stirring blade 14 must be replaced in case of damage. The agitator 5 is mounted by means of a support tube 18 on one side in the carriage 8 and its rotation is effected by a drive in the center 19 of the Rührrads 5 through which the horizontal axis of rotation 6 is specified.

In Figur 3 ist ein Rührwerk 3 in drei unterschiedlichen Positionen veranschaulicht. Figur 3a zeigt die niedrigste Stellung des Rührrads 5 innerhalb des Fermentationsbehälters 1. Diese Position wird vom Rührrad 5 eingenommen, wenn der Füllstand des Fermentationsbehälters 1 am geringsten ist. In Figur 3b ist die höchste Arbeitsposition des Rührrads 5 gezeigt, sie wird vom Rührrad 5 eingenommen, wenn der Füllstand im Fermentationsbehälter 1 seinen höchsten Pegelstand hat. Die Position des Rührrads 5 in Figur 3c entspricht der bereits erwähnten Wartungs-Position. Zwischenpositionen sind stufenlos möglich. Die Positionen der Rührräder 5 können während des Betriebs auch unterschiedlich sein, wenn beispielsweise eine besondere Verwirbelung des Inhalts erwünscht ist.In FIG. 3 An agitator 3 is illustrated in three different positions. FIG. 3a shows the lowest position of the stirring wheel 5 within the fermentation tank 1. This position is occupied by the stirring wheel 5, when the level of the fermentation tank 1 is the lowest. In FIG. 3b is the highest working position of Rührrads 5 shown, it is occupied by the impeller 5 when the level in the fermentation tank 1 has its highest level. The position of the stirring wheel 5 in Figure 3c corresponds to the already mentioned maintenance position. Intermediate positions are infinitely possible. The positions of the stirring wheels 5 may also be different during operation, if, for example, a special turbulence of the contents is desired.

In Figur 4 ist eine Einzelheit gezeigt, wie sie aus den Figuren 2 oder 3 entnommen sein kann. Das Rührwerk 3 ist wieder in seiner Wartungs-Position dargestellt, in welcher sich das Rührrad 5 in der oberen Stellung befindet. Der Montagerahmen 9 ist ausschnittsweise vergrößert zu erkennen. Gleiches gilt für das Rührrad 5 mit seinen Rührschaufeln 14 und Rührelementen 17. Der in den Schienen 11 geführte Schlitten 8 verfügt über eine Mitnehmer-Traverse 20, welche am Schlitten 8 befestigt ist. Die Mitnehmer-Traverse 20 ist außerdem fest mit einer Antriebskette 21 verbunden, welche ihrerseits von einem nicht dargestellten Antrieb bewegt wird. Der Antrieb befindet sich an geeigneter Stelle und ist hier von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Er muß lediglich die Antriebskette 21 antreiben, die wiederum ihre Bewegung auf die Mitnehmer-Traverse 20 überträgt und den Schlitten 8 in den Schienen 11 auf und ab bewegt. Der Schlitten 8 befördert dadurch das Rührrad 5 in wechselnde Positionen entlang des Montagerahmens 9. Die vertikale Längsbewegung des Schlittens 8 kann auch in nicht dargestellter Weise durch andere Antriebe, beispielsweise hydraulischer, pneumatischer, elektrischer oder anderer Art erfolgen.In FIG. 4 a detail is shown as they come from the Figures 2 or 3 can be removed. The agitator 3 is again shown in its maintenance position, in which the agitator 5 is in the upper position. The mounting frame 9 is partially enlarged to recognize. The same applies to the stirring wheel 5 with its stirring blades 14 and stirring elements 17. The slide 8 guided in the rails 11 has a driver cross-member 20 which is fastened to the carriage 8. The driver Traverse 20 is also firmly connected to a drive chain 21, which in turn is moved by a drive, not shown. The drive is located at a suitable location and is of minor importance here. He only has to drive the drive chain 21, which in turn transmits its movement to the driver cross member 20 and moves the carriage 8 in the rails 11 up and down. The carriage 8 thereby conveys the agitator 5 in changing positions along the mounting frame 9. The vertical longitudinal movement of the carriage 8 can also in a manner not shown by other drives, such as hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical or other way done.

In Figur 5 ist der Schlitten 8 in Alleinstellung schematisch abgebildet. Der Schlitten 8 besteht aus einem Schlitten-Rahmen 22, an welchem die Mitnehmer-Traverse 20 befestigt ist. Der Schlitten-Rahmen 22 verfügt an seinen Außenbereichen über eine Anzahl von Führungskörpern, hier Rollen 23, durch die er bei seinen vertikalen Längsbewegungen in den in dieser Figur nicht dargestellten Schienen 11 geführt ist. Der Schlitten-Rahmen 22 nimmt eine Trägerplatte 24 auf, die als Basis für einen Antriebsstrang 25 dient. Der Antriebsstrang 25 weist einen Antriebsmotor 26 auf der das Rührrad 5 in Drehung versetzt. Der Antriebsstrang 25 mit dem Antriebsmotor 26 ragt zur Aufnahme des Rührrads 5 in den Raum über dem Fermentationsbehälter 1 horizontal hinein und trägt an seinem freien Ende einen Aufnahmeflansch 27, welcher der Aufnahme des Rührrads 5 dient. Der Antriebsstrang 25 stellt gewissermaßen die Nabe des Rührrads 5 dar. Das Rührrad 5 weist in seinem Zentrum 19 das Tragrohr 18 auf, mit dessen Hilfe es auf den Antriebsstrang 25 geschoben und dort fixiert wird.In FIG. 5 the slide 8 is shown schematically in isolation. The carriage 8 consists of a carriage frame 22, on which the driver Traverse 20 is attached. The carriage frame 22 has at its outer areas over a number of guide bodies, here rollers 23, through which it is guided in its vertical longitudinal movements in the rails 11, not shown in this figure. The carriage frame 22 receives a carrier plate 24, which serves as the basis for a drive train 25. The drive train 25 has a drive motor 26 on which the stirring wheel 5 is rotated. The drive train 25 with the drive motor 26 extends for receiving the Rührrads 5 in the space above the fermentation vessel 1 horizontally into it and carries at its free end a receiving flange 27, which serves to receive the Rührrads 5. The drive train 25 is effectively the hub of the stirring wheel 5. The stirring wheel 5 has in its center 19 on the support tube 18, by means of which it is pushed onto the drive train 25 and fixed there.

Nach Erreichen der Wartungsposition sind der Antriebsstrang 25, der Antriebsmotor 26 und das Innere des Tragrohrs 18 gut von außen zugänglich, so dass sich Wartungsarbeiten leicht durchführen lassen. In nicht dargestellter Weise können Schmier- und Kühlmittel entlang des Antriebsstrangs 25 leicht ins Innere des Tragrohrs 18 eingebracht werden.After reaching the maintenance position of the drive train 25, the drive motor 26 and the interior of the support tube 18 are well accessible from the outside, so that maintenance can be easily done. In a manner not shown, lubricant and coolant along the drive train 25 can be easily introduced into the interior of the support tube 18.

In Figur 6 ist die Schemazeichnung von Figur 1 nochmals aufgegriffen, jedoch ist hier der Fermentationsbehälter mit einem Deckel 29 versehen, der erforderlich ist, wenn unter Luftabschluss gearbeitet werden muß. Die Rührräder 5 der Rührwerke 3 sind in der Wartungs-Position und überragen die Außenfläche des Deckels 29. Damit die Rührräder 5 den Deckel 29 durchtreten können, ist lagerichtig jeweils für ein Rührwerk 3 eine Inspektionsöffnung 30 im Deckel geschaffen. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel sind demgemäß vier Inspektionsöffnungen 30 im Deckel 29 vorhanden. In der ArbeitsPosition sind die Rührräder 5 zumindest zum Teil im Inneren des Fermentationsbehälters 1 versenkt und die Inspektionsöffnung 30 sind mit hier nicht dargestellten Abdeckhauben luftdicht verschlossen.In FIG. 6 is the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 taken up again, but here the fermentation tank is provided with a lid 29, which is required if you must work under exclusion of air. The stirring wheels 5 of the agitators 3 are in the maintenance position and project beyond the outer surface of the lid 29. In order for the stirring wheels 5 to be able to pass through the lid 29, an inspection opening 30 in the lid is provided in the correct position for an agitator 3. in the Accordingly, four inspection openings 30 are present in the cover 29 in the present embodiment. In the working position, the stirring wheels 5 are at least partially sunk inside the fermentation tank 1 and the inspection opening 30 are hermetically sealed with covers not shown here.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Fermentationsbehälter (Substratbehälter)Fermentation tank (substrate container)
22
Biogasanlagebiogas plant
33
Rührwerkagitator
44
Wandwall
55
Rührradstirring gear
66
Drehachse des Rührrads 5Rotary axis of the stirring wheel 5
77
Oberer BegrenzungsrandUpper bound edge
88th
Schlittencarriage
99
Montagerahmenmounting frame
1010
Hauptachse des FermentationsbehältersMain axis of the fermentation tank
1111
Schienenrails
1212
Scheibedisc
1313
Scheibedisc
1414
Rührschaufelpaddle
1515
Umfangsbandcircumferential band
1616
Speichenspoke
1717
Rührelementstirrer
1818
Tragrohrsupport tube
1919
Zentrumcenter
2020
Mitnehmer-TraverseFollower Traverse
2121
Antriebskettedrive chain
2222
Schlitten-RahmenCarriage frame
2323
Rollenroll
2424
Trägerplattesupport plate
2525
Antriebsstrangpowertrain
2626
Antriebsmotordrive motor
2727
Aufnahmeflanschreceiving flange
2828
Tragrohrsupport tube
2929
Deckelcover
3030
Inspektionsöffnunginspection opening

Claims (10)

Vorrichtung zum Durchmischen des Inhalts von Substratbehältern, bei dem der Substratbehälter eine umlaufende Wand und einen Boden umfasst, wobei sich die umlaufende Wand an einer vertikalen Hauptachse orientiert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels Montagerahmen (9) wenigstens ein Rührwerk (3) im Substratbehälter (1) angeordnet ist, dass das Rührwerk (3) ein Rührrad (5) mit horizontal verlaufender Drehachse (6) aufweist, und bei dem das Rührrad (5) vertikal verstellbar ist.Apparatus for mixing the contents of substrate containers, wherein the substrate container comprises a peripheral wall and a bottom, wherein the peripheral wall is oriented on a vertical main axis, characterized in that by means of mounting frame (9) at least one agitator (3) in the substrate container (1 ) is arranged, that the agitator (3) has a stirring wheel (5) with a horizontally extending axis of rotation (6), and in which the stirring wheel (5) is vertically adjustable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rührrad (5) über ein konzentrisches Tragrohr (18) verfügt, dass am Montagerahmen (9) ein vertikal verstellbarer Schlitten (8) gelagert ist, und dass der Schlitten (8) einen horizontal ausgerichteten Antriebsstrang (25) zur Aufnahme des Tragrohres (18) des Rührrads (5) aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring wheel (5) has a concentric support tube (18) that on the mounting frame (9) a vertically adjustable carriage (8) is mounted, and that the carriage (8) has a horizontally oriented drive train (25) for receiving the support tube (18) of the Rührrads (5). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vertikale Verstellung des Schlittens (8) mittels eines Getriebes, bevorzugt mittels einer Antriebskette (21) erfolgt.Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the vertical adjustment of the carriage (8) by means of a transmission, preferably by means of a drive chain (21). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rührrad (5) aus zwei parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Scheiben (12, 13) besteht, zwischen denen eine Anzahl von Rührschaufeln (14) angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring wheel (5) consists of two parallel aligned discs (12, 13), between which a number of stirring blades (14) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rührschaufeln (14) in Ebenen verlaufen, die zur Drehachse (6) des Rührrads (5) geneigt sind.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring blades (14) extend in planes which are inclined to the axis of rotation (6) of the stirring wheel (5). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Rührwerke (3) im Substratbehälter (1) angeordnet sind, die sich gegebenenfalls diametral gegenüber liegen.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of stirrers (3) in the substrate container (1) are arranged, which are optionally diametrically opposite. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vertikale Verstellung der Rührräder (5) gemeinsam oder individuell erfolgt.Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the vertical adjustment of the stirring wheels (5) takes place together or individually. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Substratbehälter (1) als Fermentationsbehälter, Nachgärbehälter, Endlager oder dergleichen ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate container (1) is designed as a fermentation tank, Nachgärbehälter, repository or the like. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Substratbehälter (1) einen Deckel (29) mit gasdicht verschließbaren Inspektionsöffnungen (30) aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate container (1) has a cover (29) with gas-tight sealable inspection openings (30). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die umlaufende Wand (4) des Substratbehälters (1) in der Draufsicht Kreisringförmig ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the circumferential wall (4) of the substrate container (1) in the plan view is circular ring-shaped.
EP12400015.9A 2012-05-03 2012-05-03 Device for mixing the content of substrate containers Active EP2659959B1 (en)

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DE102022113278A1 (en) 2022-05-25 2023-11-30 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Agitator arrangement

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