EP2636799A1 - Drilling tool for making a subterraneous curtain wall and method of making such wall - Google Patents

Drilling tool for making a subterraneous curtain wall and method of making such wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2636799A1
EP2636799A1 EP12001469.1A EP12001469A EP2636799A1 EP 2636799 A1 EP2636799 A1 EP 2636799A1 EP 12001469 A EP12001469 A EP 12001469A EP 2636799 A1 EP2636799 A1 EP 2636799A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
rotation
cutting wheel
trench wall
wall cutter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12001469.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2636799B1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Schröppel
Stefan Schindler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH filed Critical Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Priority to EP12001469.1A priority Critical patent/EP2636799B1/en
Priority to BR102013001681-0A priority patent/BR102013001681A2/en
Priority to JP2013032715A priority patent/JP5705896B2/en
Priority to US13/777,859 priority patent/US9074341B2/en
Priority to KR1020130022603A priority patent/KR101446255B1/en
Priority to CN201310069026.7A priority patent/CN103306324B/en
Publication of EP2636799A1 publication Critical patent/EP2636799A1/en
Priority to HK13111769.1A priority patent/HK1184512A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2636799B1 publication Critical patent/EP2636799B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/08—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging wheels turning round an axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/22—Component parts
    • E02F3/24—Digging wheels; Digging elements of wheels; Drives for wheels
    • E02F3/241—Digging wheels; Digging elements of wheels; Drives for wheels digging wheels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a trench cutter according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for creating a slot in the floor according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • Such a trench wall cutter comprises a trimming frame and at least one cutting wheel mounted rotatably about a rotation axis on the trimming frame, which has on its outer circumference a plurality of soil working tools for removing soil material which are arranged along an annular path around the axis of rotation.
  • a trench cutter of the type mentioned is for example in the DE 10 2007 035 591 B3 described.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a trench cutter and a method for creating a slot in the ground, which allow a particularly economic Schlitzwander ein.
  • the trench wall cutter according to the invention is characterized in that the annular path is asymmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel, wherein the annular path has at least a first peripheral portion at a greater distance from the axis of rotation and at least a second peripheral portion at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation.
  • the method is inventively characterized in that the annular path is asymmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel, wherein the annular path has at least a first peripheral portion at a greater distance from the axis of rotation and at least a second peripheral portion at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation and wherein the trench wall cutter during operation is put into a defined vibration.
  • a first basic idea of the invention can be seen to produce a defined non-circular run of the cutting wheel by the asymmetrical arrangement of the tillage tools.
  • the non-circular run is achieved in that the ring track, on which the tillage tools are arranged in the circumferential direction, no circular path about the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel as a circle center.
  • the tillage tools are thus arranged deviating from a point-symmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel circular path.
  • the tilling tools are further away from the axis of rotation and at least in a second portion closer to the axis of rotation.
  • the tillage tools may be, in particular, cutting teeth, chisels, rollers or rollers.
  • the tillage tools are used for loosening or removing soil material for creating a slot in the ground and are arranged for this purpose on an outer periphery of the cutting wheel.
  • the distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel changes defined, in particular gradually, in the circumferential direction along the annular path.
  • the tilling tools are in particular arranged such that the distance from the axis of rotation along the annular path increases and decreases periodically along a plurality of tillage tools.
  • the distance of the tilling tools from the axis of rotation in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel increases successively along a first section via a plurality of tillage tools and then successively along a second section via a plurality of tillage tools again.
  • the tillage tools arranged according to the invention cause a rotation of the cutting wheel about its axis of rotation a periodically changing distance of the axis of rotation to the resultingewedfräsenden soil.
  • the ring track, on which the soil working tools are arranged around the cutting wheel can be offset and / or distorted in particular in relation to a circular path which is point-symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel.
  • the tillage tools are arranged on a rotationally asymmetric to Fräsradfilachse ring track, that is, a rotation of the cutting wheel at an arbitrary angle does not form the ring track on itself, but forms an offset and / or twisted annular path with respect to the original ring path.
  • the ring track, along which the tillage tools are arranged, may also be referred to as a cutting path.
  • a rotation of the cutting wheel By a rotation of the cutting wheel, the position and / or orientation of the cutting path changes with respect to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel.
  • a defined vibration of the trench wall cutter can be generated on the basis of the asymmetrical ring path to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel.
  • Another advantage is therefore to put the trench wall cutter in a defined vibration. Due to the weight of the trench wall cutter and / or a generated pressure force, a lower peripheral portion of the cutting wheel is in operation at the bottom of the slot. By changing in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation, the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel at a contacting of the respective underlying tillage tools with the bottom of the slot is periodically moved up and down. This causes a vibration of the cutting frame or the trench wall cutter.
  • the dynamic force on the tillage tools is further increased and a beating soil removal possible.
  • the soil can thus be solved in addition to grinding by knocking, so that a frictional wear on the tillage tools can be reduced and an even more effective soil removal can be realized.
  • the ring track, along which the tillage tools are arranged has a deviating from a circular path, in particular elliptical shape.
  • the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel can be located here in the geometric center of the cutting wheel or in the ring center of the annular path.
  • axis of rotation of the cutting wheel is offset with respect to a geometric center of the ring ring ring.
  • the axis of rotation is arranged eccentrically in this case with respect to the tillage tools arranged along the annular path.
  • the ring track is a circular path whose geometric center is arranged eccentrically or offset from the axis of rotation. Such, arranged eccentrically to the circular path of the tillage tools rotary axis can be particularly easy to achieve manufacturing technology by a center eccentric hub is provided.
  • the eccentricity of, in particular elliptical, annular path or the offset of the axis of rotation with respect to the ring or circle center is preferably between a few millimeters or centimeters and about one or two decimeters.
  • the difference between a maximum distance and a minimum distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation is about a few millimeters or centimeters and one or two decimeters.
  • the position of the ring track or the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel is adjustable. For example, with harder ground formations, a greater eccentricity of the cutting wheel can be set than with softer soils.
  • a Fräsradnabe which is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation and rotatably driven about this, that the tillage tools are releasably secured in a ring gear and that the ring gear on the Fräsradnabe releasably and / or adjustably attached.
  • the annular ring may, in particular, have a plurality of receptacles for the tilling tools, the receptacles for the tilling tools being arranged along the annular path.
  • the annular ring can be fixedly arranged on the milling wheel hub, in particular welded.
  • annular ring which is adjustably mounted on the cutting wheel hub is understood in particular to mean that the eccentricity of the annular ring can be varied with respect to the cutting wheel hub. This can be ensured, for example, by the provision of oblong holes on the annular ring and / or on the cutting wheel hub for fastening elements, such as screws or bolts.
  • the annular ring may have a circular ring or a shape deviating from the circular shape, for example an elliptical shape.
  • an adjusting device such as adjustable connecting plates, can be arranged between a drive shaft and the cutting wheel, so that the cutting wheel is radially adjustable as an assembly relative to the drive shaft and its axis of rotation.
  • a plurality of cutting wheels arranged in pairs are preferably mounted on the milling frame, which can be driven in synchronism with one another.
  • the individual cutting wheels are driven at the same rotational speeds and preferably in addition identical angles of rotation, so that the cutting wheels cause the same up and down movements of the trench wall cutter, which enhance the vibration of the trench wall cutter.
  • the cutting wheels on each other synchronized milling gear are preferably mounted on the milling frame, which can be driven in synchronism with one another.
  • a plurality of cutting wheels are mounted on the milling frame, which are controlled asynchronously driven to each other.
  • the individual cutting wheels are driven at different rotational speeds.
  • differently shaped cutting wheels that is cutting wheels with different ring paths, are used. It is particularly preferred in this context that the individual cutting wheels are driven at the same speeds, but the angles of rotation, based on the orientation of the annular path to the axis of rotation, are offset from one another.
  • a further oscillation superimposition in a trench wall cutter with two pairs of cutting wheels is achieved in that the first and second pair of cutting wheels are of the same design but are arranged and driven at a 45 ° angle offset from one another. This results in a superimposition of four mutually phase-shifted by 45 ° vibrations.
  • the cutting wheels can be arranged coaxially with each other and / or offset parallel to each other. Basically, both a rectified and a counter-directed drive is possible.
  • a feed device for supplying a hardenable medium is arranged on the milling frame.
  • the feed device can comprise a feed opening, via which the curable medium, for example concrete, can be introduced into the created slot.
  • the introduced into the slot medium hardens after salvage the trench wall cutter to a slot wall element.
  • the at least one cutting wheel of the trench wall cutter has at least one folding tooth as a soil cultivation tool.
  • a folding tooth represents a pivotally mounted soil working tool, which pivots when passing the Fräsrahmens, in particular a Frässchildes, on which the cutting wheel is mounted, and swings below the Fräsrahmens to remove soil below the Fräsrahmens.
  • the folding teeth are preferably offset in the circumferential direction to each other so as not to influence each other.
  • the invention relates to a milling device with a carrier device, on which a trench wall cutter is arranged substantially vertically adjustable.
  • a trench wall cutter as described above, is arranged on such a milling device.
  • the carrier device can in particular be a carrier vehicle with an undercarriage and a superstructure mounted rotatably thereon.
  • a mast is articulated to the superstructure, on which the trench wall cutter is suspended.
  • the trench wall cutter can be suspended from a rope.
  • control devices for example control flaps and / or control wheels, may be provided.
  • a trench cutter 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the trench wall cutter 10 comprises a trimming frame 12, on which several, for example two, four or eight cutting wheels 20 are rotatably mounted.
  • the milling frame 12 preferably comprises one or more milling blades 14, on which the cutting wheels 20 are mounted.
  • At least one cutting wheel 20 is preferably arranged in a lower region of the milling frame 12 for removing soil material in order to create a particular vertical slot in the ground.
  • the cutting wheels 20 are each rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 22 and have on their outer periphery 24 a plurality of tillage tools 30 for removing soil material.
  • the soil working tools 30, for example, cutting teeth, chisels or rollers, are distributed around the cutting wheel 20 in the circumferential direction.
  • the soil working tools 30 may be arranged in the axial direction of the cutting wheel 20 along different tracks or on different planes.
  • Each cutting wheel may have a pivotally mounted soil working tool, in particular a folding tooth 31.
  • the trench wall cutter 10 For feeding a curable medium into the created slot, the trench wall cutter 10 comprises a feed device 16 with a feed opening.
  • the feed device 16 may be arranged in a lower region of the milling frame 12.
  • FIG Fig. 2 A first embodiment of a cutting wheel 20 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown.
  • the cutting wheel 20 is a circular cutting wheel, that is, the soil working tools 30 are arranged on a circular path about a center 46 of the cutting wheel 20, which may also be referred to as a ring or circle center.
  • the tillage tools 30 thus extend in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel 20 on a ring track 32 which is formed as a circular path.
  • the axis of rotation 22 of the cutting wheel 20 is arranged eccentrically to the geometric center 46 of the cutting wheel 20 and the annular path 32, rotation axis 22 and geometric center 46 are therefore not consistent. By this offset, a defined non-circular run is generated upon rotation of the cutting wheel 20.
  • the tilling tools 30 are located along a first peripheral portion 34 of the cutting wheel 20 closer to the axis of rotation 22 than along a second peripheral portion 36 which is offset in the circumferential direction to the first peripheral portion 34.
  • the cutting path of the cutting wheel 20 oscillates periodically.
  • the passing tillage tools 30 oscillate periodically in the radial direction.
  • the cutting wheel 20 includes a Fräsradnabe 40 and a thereto, in particular releasably and / or adjustable, attached ring gear 44.
  • the ring gear 44 may be secured by means of screw or bolt connections 42 on the Fräsradnabe 40.
  • the fastening means By suitable choice of the fastening means, the position of the annular ring 44 with respect to the Fräsradnabe 40 can be adjusted. As a result, the eccentricity of the annular ring 44 can be set variably.
  • elongated holes can be provided on the Fräsradnabe 40 or the ring gear 44, which allow different positioning of the ring gear 44 relative to the Fräsradnabe.
  • the center 46 represents in particular a geometric center of the ring gear 44.
  • the ring gear 44 may alternatively be firmly connected to the Fräsradnabe 40.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention is in Fig. 3 shown.
  • the soil working tools 30 are arranged on an elliptical path around the center 46.
  • the ring track 32, on which the soil tillage tools 30 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel 20, is thus designed as an elliptical path.
  • first peripheral sections 34 at a greater distance from the rotational axis 22 and two second peripheral sections 36 at a smaller distance from the rotational axis 22 along a circumference of the cutting wheel 20.
  • a further embodiment of a cutting wheel 20 according to the invention shows Fig. 4 ,
  • This in Fig. 4 illustrated cutting wheel 20 combines features of the cutting wheels 20 from the Figures 2 and 3 ,
  • the cutting wheel 20 has an elliptical ring track 32 of the soil working tools 30.
  • the axis of rotation 22 of the cutting wheel 20 is offset from the geometric center point 46 of the ring track 32 and the ring gear 44. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly effective pulse amplification during soil erosion.
  • Per revolution of the cutting wheel 20 up and down movements when removing the soil can be generated with different amplitudes.
  • different orientations of the offset of the center 46 relative to the axis of rotation 22 are possible.
  • the vibration due to the elliptical ring track 32 can be amplified by the offset along the long Axis or half axis of the ellipse is aligned.
  • the vibration per revolution is once amplified and attenuated once.
  • a defined oscillation which corresponds to the oscillating cutting path, can be transmitted to the trench wall cutter 10 or the milling frame 12.
  • the trench wall cutter 10 or the trimming frame 12 thus moves during operation periodically corresponding to the peripheral portions 34, 36 with a larger and smaller distance from the rotation axis 22 up and down. This causes an increase in the momentum forces on the tillage tools 30 and an improvement in soil erosion while reducing frictional wear on the tillage tools 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The trench wall cutter (10) has cutting wheel (20) which is supported in a rotatable manner about an axis of rotation on the cutter frame (12). Several ground working tools (30) for removing ground material are provided at outer circumference of wheel. An annular path (32) is extended asymmetrically to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel. The annular path has first circumferential section with larger distance from the axis of rotation and second circumferential section with smaller distance from the axis of rotation. An independent claim is included for method for producing trench in ground through removal of ground material.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schlitzwandfräse gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Schlitzes im Boden gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 13.The invention relates to a trench cutter according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for creating a slot in the floor according to the preamble of claim 13.

Eine solche Schlitzwandfräse umfasst einen Fräsrahmen und mindestens ein um eine Drehachse drehbar an dem Fräsrahmen gelagertes Fräsrad, welches an seinem Außenumfang eine Mehrzahl von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen zum Abtragen von Bodenmaterial aufweist, welche entlang einer Ringbahn um die Drehachse angeordnet sind.Such a trench wall cutter comprises a trimming frame and at least one cutting wheel mounted rotatably about a rotation axis on the trimming frame, which has on its outer circumference a plurality of soil working tools for removing soil material which are arranged along an annular path around the axis of rotation.

Bei dem bekannten Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Schlitzes im Boden durch Abtragen von Bodenmaterial wird mindestens ein an einem Fräsrahmen drehbar gelagertes Fräsrad drehend angetrieben und mit einer Mehrzahl von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen, welche an einem Außenumfang des Fräsrades angeordnet sind, Bodenmaterial abgetragen, wobei die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge auf einer Ringbahn um die Drehachse angeordnet sind.In the known method for creating a slot in the ground by removing soil material at least one cutting wheel rotatably mounted on a cutting wheel is driven in rotation and removed with a plurality of tillage tools, which are arranged on an outer circumference of the cutting wheel, soil material, the tillage tools on a circular path are arranged about the axis of rotation.

Eine Schlitzwandfräse der genannten Art ist beispielsweise in der DE 10 2007 035 591 B3 beschrieben.A trench cutter of the type mentioned is for example in the DE 10 2007 035 591 B3 described.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schlitzwandfräse und ein Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Schlitzes im Boden bereitzustellen, welche eine besonders wirtschaftliche Schlitzwanderstellung ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to provide a trench cutter and a method for creating a slot in the ground, which allow a particularly economic Schlitzwanderstellung.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Schlitzwandfräse mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch ein Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Schlitzes im Boden mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 13 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a trench cutter with the features of claim 1 and by a method for creating a slot in the ground with the features of claim 13. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Die Schlitzwandfräse ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ringbahn asymmetrisch zur Drehachse des Fräsrades verläuft, wobei die Ringbahn mindestens einen ersten Umfangsabschnitt mit einem größeren Abstand von der Drehachse und mindestens einen zweiten Umfangsabschnitt mit einem kleineren Abstand von der Drehachse aufweist.The trench wall cutter according to the invention is characterized in that the annular path is asymmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel, wherein the annular path has at least a first peripheral portion at a greater distance from the axis of rotation and at least a second peripheral portion at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation.

Das Verfahren ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ringbahn asymmetrisch zur Drehachse des Fräsrades verläuft, wobei die Ringbahn mindestens einen ersten Umfangsabschnitt mit einem größeren Abstand von der Drehachse und mindestens einen zweiten Umfangsabschnitt mit einem kleineren Abstand von der Drehachse aufweist und wobei die Schlitzwandfräse bei Betrieb in eine definierte Schwingung versetzt wird.The method is inventively characterized in that the annular path is asymmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel, wherein the annular path has at least a first peripheral portion at a greater distance from the axis of rotation and at least a second peripheral portion at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation and wherein the trench wall cutter during operation is put into a defined vibration.

Unter einer asymmetrisch zur Drehachse des Fräsrades verlaufenden Ringbahn wird vorliegend insbesondere eine Ringbahn verstanden, die von einer Kreisbahn, dessen Mittelpunkt die Drehachse des Fräsrades darstellt, abweicht.Under an asymmetric to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel extending annular path is in the present case in particular a ring path understood, which differs from a circular path whose center is the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel deviates.

Ein erster Grundgedanke der Erfindung kann darin gesehen werden, durch die asymmetrische Anordnung der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge einen definiert unrunden Lauf des Fräsrades zu erzeugen. Der unrunde Lauf wird dadurch erzielt, dass die Ringbahn, auf der die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge in Umfangsrichtung angeordnet sind, keine Kreisbahn um die Drehachse des Fräsrades als Kreismittelpunkt darstellt. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge sind also abweichend von einer zur Drehachse des Fräsrades punktsymmetrischen Kreisbahn angeordnet. In zumindest einem ersten Abschnitt des Umfangs befinden sich die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge weiter entfernt von der Drehachse und in zumindest einem zweiten Abschnitt näher and der Drehachse.A first basic idea of the invention can be seen to produce a defined non-circular run of the cutting wheel by the asymmetrical arrangement of the tillage tools. The non-circular run is achieved in that the ring track, on which the tillage tools are arranged in the circumferential direction, no circular path about the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel as a circle center. The tillage tools are thus arranged deviating from a point-symmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel circular path. In at least a first portion of the circumference, the tilling tools are further away from the axis of rotation and at least in a second portion closer to the axis of rotation.

Durch den unrunden Lauf wirken Impulskräfte auf die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge beziehungsweise den abzutragenden Boden. Dies bewirkt eine verbesserte Energieumsetzung beim Eindringen der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge in den Boden. Insbesondere bei einem harten Boden, beispielsweise Fels oder Beton, lässt sich daher ein verbesserter Bodenabtrag und ein höherer Fräsfortschritt erzielen.Due to the non-circular motion impulse forces act on the tillage tools or the soil to be removed. This causes an improved energy conversion when penetrating the soil tillage tools in the ground. Especially For a hard ground, such as rock or concrete, therefore, an improved soil removal and a higher milling progress can be achieved.

Bei den Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen kann es sich insbesondere um Fräszähne, Meißel, Rollen oder Walzen handeln. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge dienen dem Lösen beziehungsweise Abtragen von Bodenmaterial zum Erstellen eines Schlitzes im Boden und sind hierzu an einem Außenumfang des Fräsrades angeordnet.The tillage tools may be, in particular, cutting teeth, chisels, rollers or rollers. The tillage tools are used for loosening or removing soil material for creating a slot in the ground and are arranged for this purpose on an outer periphery of the cutting wheel.

Der Abstand der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge von der Drehachse des Fräsrades ändert sich definiert, insbesondere stufenweise, in Umfangsrichtung entlang der Ringbahn. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge sind insbesondere derart angeordnet, dass sich der Abstand von der Drehachse entlang der Ringbahn periodisch entlang jeweils mehrerer Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge vergrößert und verkleinert. Vorzugsweise nimmt der Abstand der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge von der Drehachse in Umfangsrichtung des Fräsrades sukzessive entlang eines ersten Abschnitts über eine Mehrzahl von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen zu und anschließend sukzessive entlang eines zweiten Abschnitts über eine Mehrzahl von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen wieder ab. Die erfindungsgemäß angeordneten Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge bewirken bei einer Drehung des Fräsrades um dessen Drehachse einen periodisch sich ändernden Abstand der Drehachse zum entstehenden abzufräsenden Boden.The distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel changes defined, in particular gradually, in the circumferential direction along the annular path. The tilling tools are in particular arranged such that the distance from the axis of rotation along the annular path increases and decreases periodically along a plurality of tillage tools. Preferably, the distance of the tilling tools from the axis of rotation in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel increases successively along a first section via a plurality of tillage tools and then successively along a second section via a plurality of tillage tools again. The tillage tools arranged according to the invention cause a rotation of the cutting wheel about its axis of rotation a periodically changing distance of the axis of rotation to the resulting abzufräsenden soil.

Die Ringbahn, auf welcher die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge um das Fräsrad herum angeordnet sind, kann gegenüber einer zur Drehachse des Fräsrades punktsymmetrischen Kreisbahn insbesondere versetzt und/oder verzerrt sein. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge sind auf einer zur Fräsraddrehachse rotationsunsymmetrischen Ringbahn angeordnet, das heißt, eine Drehung des Fräsrades um einen beliebigen Winkel bildet die Ringbahn nicht auf sich selbst ab, sondern bildet gegenüber der ursprünglichen Ringbahn eine versetzte und/oder verdrehte Ringbahn.The ring track, on which the soil working tools are arranged around the cutting wheel, can be offset and / or distorted in particular in relation to a circular path which is point-symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel. The tillage tools are arranged on a rotationally asymmetric to Fräsraddrehachse ring track, that is, a rotation of the cutting wheel at an arbitrary angle does not form the ring track on itself, but forms an offset and / or twisted annular path with respect to the original ring path.

Die Ringbahn, entlang welcher die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge angeordnet sind, kann auch als Schnittbahn bezeichnet werden. Durch eine Drehung des Fräsrades ändert sich die Lage und/oder Ausrichtung der Schnittbahn bezüglich der Drehachse des Fräsrades.The ring track, along which the tillage tools are arranged, may also be referred to as a cutting path. By a rotation of the cutting wheel, the position and / or orientation of the cutting path changes with respect to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel.

Vorzugsweise ist, insbesondere durch eine Kontaktierung der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge mit dem abzutragenden Boden, aufgrund der zur Drehachse des Fräsrades asymmetrischen Ringbahn eine definierte Schwingung der Schlitzwandfräse erzeugbar.Preferably, in particular by contacting the tillage tools with the soil to be removed, a defined vibration of the trench wall cutter can be generated on the basis of the asymmetrical ring path to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht demnach darin, die Schlitzwandfräse in eine definierte Schwingung zu versetzen. Aufgrund des Gewichtes der Schlitzwandfräse und/oder einer erzeugten Andruckkraft liegt ein unterer Umfangsabschnitt des Fräsrades bei Betrieb auf dem Grund des Schlitzes auf. Durch den sich in Umfangsrichtung des Fräsrades ändernden Abstand der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge von der Drehachse wird die Drehachse des Fräsrades bei einer Kontaktierung der jeweils untenliegenden Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge mit dem Grund des Schlitzes periodisch auf- und abbewegt. Dies bewirkt eine Schwingung des Fräsrahmens beziehungsweise der Schlitzwandfräse.Another advantage is therefore to put the trench wall cutter in a defined vibration. Due to the weight of the trench wall cutter and / or a generated pressure force, a lower peripheral portion of the cutting wheel is in operation at the bottom of the slot. By changing in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation, the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel at a contacting of the respective underlying tillage tools with the bottom of the slot is periodically moved up and down. This causes a vibration of the cutting frame or the trench wall cutter.

Durch die Schwingung der Schlitzwandfräse wird die dynamische Kraft an den Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen weiter erhöht und ein schlagender Bodenabtrag ermöglicht. Der Boden kann also zusätzlich zu einem Zermahlen durch Abschlagen gelöst werden, so dass ein Reibungsverschleiß an den Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen verringert und ein noch effektiverer Bodenabtrag realisiert werden kann.Due to the vibration of the trench wall cutter, the dynamic force on the tillage tools is further increased and a beating soil removal possible. The soil can thus be solved in addition to grinding by knocking, so that a frictional wear on the tillage tools can be reduced and an even more effective soil removal can be realized.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass ein effektiver Bodenabtrag dadurch erzielt wird, dass der Abstand der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge von der Drehachse bei einem Umlauf entlang der Ringbahn zwischen einem und fünf, vorzugsweise ein bis drei, weiter bevorzugt ein oder zwei Maxima - und entsprechend Minima - aufweist. Die pro Umdrehung des Fräsrades bewirkbaren Schläge oder Schwingungen entsprechen der Anzahl der Maxima beziehungsweise Minima. Die erfindungsgemäße Anzahl der Maxima und Minima gewährleistet eine wirkungsvolle Schwingung, insbesondere mit einer ausreichenden Amplitude.It has been found that an effective soil removal is achieved in that the distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation in a circuit along the annular path between one and five, preferably one to three, more preferably one or two maxima - and corresponding minima - has. The impacts or oscillations per revolution of the cutting wheel correspond to the number of maxima or minima. The number of maxima and minima according to the invention ensures an effective oscillation, in particular with a sufficient amplitude.

Eine Möglichkeit der Bereitstellung der asymmetrischen Ringbahn besteht darin, dass die Ringbahn, entlang welcher die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge angeordnet sind, eine von einer Kreisbahn abweichende, insbesondere elliptische Form aufweist. Die Drehachse des Fräsrades kann sich hierbei im geometrischen Mittelpunkt des Fräsrades beziehungsweise im Ringmittelpunkt der Ringbahn befinden.One way of providing the asymmetric ring path is that the ring track, along which the tillage tools are arranged, has a deviating from a circular path, in particular elliptical shape. The axis of rotation of the cutting wheel can be located here in the geometric center of the cutting wheel or in the ring center of the annular path.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Bereitstellung der asymmetrischen Ringbahn besteht darin, dass Drehachse des Fräsrades bezüglich eines geometrischen Ringmittelpunktes der Ringbahn versetzt ist. Die Drehachse ist in diesem Fall bezüglich der entlang der Ringbahn angeordneten Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge exzentrisch angeordnet.Another possibility of providing the asymmetrical ring path is that the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel is offset with respect to a geometric center of the ring ring ring. The axis of rotation is arranged eccentrically in this case with respect to the tillage tools arranged along the annular path.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, dass die Ringbahn eine Kreisbahn ist, deren geometrischer Mittelpunkt exzentrisch beziehungsweise versetzt zur Drehachse angeordnet ist. Eine solche, exzentrisch zur Kreisbahn der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge angeordnete Drehachse lässt sich herstellungstechnisch besonders einfach erzielen, indem eine zum Kreismittelpunkt exzentrische Nabe vorgesehen wird.It is particularly preferred that the ring track is a circular path whose geometric center is arranged eccentrically or offset from the axis of rotation. Such, arranged eccentrically to the circular path of the tillage tools rotary axis can be particularly easy to achieve manufacturing technology by a center eccentric hub is provided.

Die Exzentrizität der, insbesondere elliptischen, Ringbahn beziehungsweise der Versatz der Drehachse bezüglich des Ring- beziehungsweise Kreismittelpunktes beträgt vorzugsweise zwischen einigen Millimetern oder Zentimetern und etwa einem oder zwei Dezimetern. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung beträgt die Differenz zwischen einem maximalen Abstand und einem minimalen Abstand der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge von der Drehachse etwa einige Millimeter oder Zentimeter und einem oder zwei Dezimeter.The eccentricity of, in particular elliptical, annular path or the offset of the axis of rotation with respect to the ring or circle center is preferably between a few millimeters or centimeters and about one or two decimeters. In a further preferred embodiment, the difference between a maximum distance and a minimum distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation is about a few millimeters or centimeters and one or two decimeters.

Für eine Anpassung der Schlitzwandfräse an unterschiedliche Bodengeologien ist es bevorzugt, dass die Lage der Ringbahn beziehungsweise der Drehachse des Fräsrades verstellbar ist. Beispielsweise kann bei härteren Bodenformationen eine größere Exzentrizität des Fräsrades eingestellt werden als bei weicheren Böden.For an adaptation of the trench wall cutter to different ground geologies, it is preferred that the position of the ring track or the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel is adjustable. For example, with harder ground formations, a greater eccentricity of the cutting wheel can be set than with softer soils.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, dass eine Fräsradnabe vorgesehen ist, welche konzentrisch zur Drehachse angeordnet und um diese drehbar angetrieben ist, dass die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge lösbar in einem Ringkranz befestigt sind und dass der Ringkranz an der Fräsradnabe lösbar und/oder verstellbar befestigt ist. Der Ringkranz kann insbesondere eine Mehrzahl von Aufnahmen für die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge aufweisen, wobei die Aufnahmen für die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge entlang der Ringbahn angeordnet sind. Grundsätzlich kann der Ringkranz fest an der Fräsradnabe angeordnet, insbesondere angeschweißt sein. Durch eine lösbare Anordnung des Ringkranzes an der Fräsradnabe kann der Ringkranz, beispielsweise bei Verschleiß der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge, besonders einfach ausgetauscht werden. Zudem ist es möglich, unterschiedlich gestaltete Ringkränze alternativ an einer vormontierten Fräsradnabe zu befestigen, beispielsweise um unterschiedlichen Bodengestaltungen Rechnung zu tragen. Unter einem verstellbar an der Fräsradnabe befestigten Ringkranz ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass die Exzentrizität des Ringkranzes bezüglich der Fräsradnabe variiert werden kann. Dies kann beispielsweise durch die Bereitstellung von Langlöchern am Ringkranz und/oder an der Fräsradnabe für Befestigungselemente, wie beispielsweise Schrauben oder Bolzen, gewährleistet werden. Der Ringkranz kann kreisringförmig oder eine von der Kreisform abweichende Gestaltung, etwa eine elliptische Form, aufweisen.It is particularly preferred that a Fräsradnabe is provided which is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation and rotatably driven about this, that the tillage tools are releasably secured in a ring gear and that the ring gear on the Fräsradnabe releasably and / or adjustably attached. The annular ring may, in particular, have a plurality of receptacles for the tilling tools, the receptacles for the tilling tools being arranged along the annular path. In principle, the annular ring can be fixedly arranged on the milling wheel hub, in particular welded. By a detachable arrangement of the ring gear on the Fräsradnabe the ring gear, for example, when wear the tillage tools, are particularly easy to replace. In addition, it is possible to differently designed ring rings alternatively To attach a preassembled Fräsradnabe, for example, to accommodate different floor designs. An annular ring which is adjustably mounted on the cutting wheel hub is understood in particular to mean that the eccentricity of the annular ring can be varied with respect to the cutting wheel hub. This can be ensured, for example, by the provision of oblong holes on the annular ring and / or on the cutting wheel hub for fastening elements, such as screws or bolts. The annular ring may have a circular ring or a shape deviating from the circular shape, for example an elliptical shape.

Alternativ oder ergänzend kann zwischen einer Antriebswelle und dem Fräsrad eine Verstelleinrichtung, etwa verstellbare Verbindungsplatten, angeordnet sein, so dass das Fräsrad als Baugruppe gegenüber der Antriebswelle und deren Drehachse radial verstellbar ist.Alternatively or additionally, an adjusting device, such as adjustable connecting plates, can be arranged between a drive shaft and the cutting wheel, so that the cutting wheel is radially adjustable as an assembly relative to the drive shaft and its axis of rotation.

Zur weiteren Verbesserung des Bodenabtrags beziehungsweise Verstärkung der Schwingungsanregung sind vorzugsweise mehrere paarweise angeordnete Fräsräder an dem Fräsrahmen gelagert, die gesteuert synchron zueinander antreibbar sind. Hierunter ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass die einzelnen Fräsräder mit gleichen Drehgeschwindigkeiten und vorzugsweise zusätzlich gleichen Drehwinkeln angetrieben werden, so dass die Fräsräder gleiche Auf- und Abbewegungen der Schlitzwandfräse bewirken, die die Schwingung der Schlitzwandfräse verstärken. Vorzugsweise weisen die Fräsräder zueinander synchronisierte Fräsgetriebe auf.To further improve the soil removal or amplification of the vibration excitation, a plurality of cutting wheels arranged in pairs are preferably mounted on the milling frame, which can be driven in synchronism with one another. This is to be understood in particular that the individual cutting wheels are driven at the same rotational speeds and preferably in addition identical angles of rotation, so that the cutting wheels cause the same up and down movements of the trench wall cutter, which enhance the vibration of the trench wall cutter. Preferably, the cutting wheels on each other synchronized milling gear.

Je nach Bodenbeschaffenheit kann es auch vorteilhaft sein, dass mehrere Fräsräder an dem Fräsrahmen gelagert sind, die gesteuert asynchron zueinander antreibbar sind. Hierunter kann zum einen verstanden werden, dass die einzelnen Fräsräder mit unterschiedlichen Drehgeschwindigkeiten angetrieben werden. Es ist auch möglich und bevorzugt, dass unterschiedlich gestaltete Fräsräder, das heißt Fräsräder mit unterschiedlichen Ringbahnen, verwendet werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist es in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die einzelnen Fräsräder mit gleichen Geschwindigkeiten angetrieben werden, wobei aber die Drehwinkel, bezogen auf die Ausrichtung der Ringbahn zur Drehachse, zueinander versetzt sind.Depending on the nature of the soil, it may also be advantageous that a plurality of cutting wheels are mounted on the milling frame, which are controlled asynchronously driven to each other. This can be understood on the one hand, that the individual cutting wheels are driven at different rotational speeds. It is also possible and preferred that differently shaped cutting wheels, that is cutting wheels with different ring paths, are used. It is particularly preferred in this context that the individual cutting wheels are driven at the same speeds, but the angles of rotation, based on the orientation of the annular path to the axis of rotation, are offset from one another.

Zwischen den einzelnen Fräsrädern kann hinsichtlich der Exzentrität eine definierte Phasenverschiebung eingestellt sein. So können bei den einzelnen Fräsrädern eines koaxialen Fräsradpaars mit einer elliptischen Ringbahn das jeweilige Bahnmaximum der Fräsräder zueinander um 90° verdreht, also phasenverschoben sein. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine Überlagerung der Schwingungen der beiden Fräsräder.Between the individual cutting wheels can be adjusted in terms of eccentricity a defined phase shift. Thus, for the individual cutting wheels of a coaxial pair of cutting wheels with an elliptical ring track, the respective track maximum the cutting wheels rotated by 90 ° to each other, so be out of phase. This results in a superposition of the vibrations of the two cutting wheels.

Eine weitere Schwingungsüberlagerung bei einer Schlitzwandfräse mit zwei Fräsradpaaren wird dadurch erreicht, dass das erste und zweite Fräsradpaar gleich ausgebildet, aber um einen 45°-Winkelversatz zueinander angeordnet und angetrieben sind. Es ergibt sich eine Überlagerung von vier zueinander um 45° phasenverschobenen Schwingungen.A further oscillation superimposition in a trench wall cutter with two pairs of cutting wheels is achieved in that the first and second pair of cutting wheels are of the same design but are arranged and driven at a 45 ° angle offset from one another. This results in a superimposition of four mutually phase-shifted by 45 ° vibrations.

Die Fräsräder können koaxial zueinander angeordnet sein und/oder parallel zueinander versetzt. Grundsätzlich ist sowohl ein gleichgerichteter als auch ein gegengerichteter Antrieb möglich.The cutting wheels can be arranged coaxially with each other and / or offset parallel to each other. Basically, both a rectified and a counter-directed drive is possible.

Zum Erstellen einer Schlitzwand im Boden ist es bevorzugt, dass eine Zuführeinrichtung zum Zuführen eines aushärtbaren Mediums an dem Fräsrahmen angeordnet ist. Die Zuführeinrichtung kann insbesondere eine Zuführöffnung umfassen, über welche das aushärtbare Medium, beispielsweise Beton, in den erstellten Schlitz eingeleitet werden kann. Das in den Schlitz eingeleitete Medium härtet nach Bergung der Schlitzwandfräse zu einem Schlitzwandelement aus.To create a slot wall in the bottom, it is preferred that a feed device for supplying a hardenable medium is arranged on the milling frame. In particular, the feed device can comprise a feed opening, via which the curable medium, for example concrete, can be introduced into the created slot. The introduced into the slot medium hardens after salvage the trench wall cutter to a slot wall element.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung weist das mindestens eine Fräsrad der Schlitzwandfräse mindestens einen Klappzahn als Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeug auf. Ein solcher Klappzahn stellt ein schwenkbar gelagertes Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeug dar, welches beim Passieren des Fräsrahmens, insbesondere eines Frässchildes, an welchem das Fräsrad gelagert ist, einschwenkt und unterhalb des Fräsrahmens ausschwenkt, um Bodenmaterial unterhalb des Fräsrahmens abzutragen. Sofern mehrere Fräsräder einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind, sind die Klappzähne vorzugsweise in Umfangsrichtung zueinander versetzt, um sich gegenseitig nicht zu beeinflussen.In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one cutting wheel of the trench wall cutter has at least one folding tooth as a soil cultivation tool. Such a folding tooth represents a pivotally mounted soil working tool, which pivots when passing the Fräsrahmens, in particular a Frässchildes, on which the cutting wheel is mounted, and swings below the Fräsrahmens to remove soil below the Fräsrahmens. If a plurality of cutting wheels are arranged opposite each other, the folding teeth are preferably offset in the circumferential direction to each other so as not to influence each other.

Die Erfindung betrifft in einem weiteren Aspekt eine Fräsvorrichtung mit einem Trägergerät, an welchem eine Schlitzwandfräse im Wesentlichen vertikal verstellbar angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist an einer solchen Fräsvorrichtung eine Schlitzwandfräse, wie vorstehend beschrieben, angeordnet. Das Trägergerät kann insbesondere ein Trägerfahrzeug mit einem Unterwagen und einem daran drehbar gelagerten Oberwagen sein. Vorzugsweise ist an dem Oberwagen ein Mast angelenkt, an welchem die Schlitzwandfräse aufgehängt ist. Beispielsweise kann die Schlitzwandfräse an einem Seil aufgehängt sein. Zur Steuerung der Position der Schlitzwandfräse im Boden können Steuereinrichtungen, beispielsweise Steuerklappen und/oder Steuerräder, vorgesehen sein. Alternativ ist es möglich, eine feste Führungseinrichtung, beispielsweise eine Führungsstange vorzusehen, an welcher die Schlitzwandfräse aufgehängt ist.In a further aspect, the invention relates to a milling device with a carrier device, on which a trench wall cutter is arranged substantially vertically adjustable. According to the invention, a trench wall cutter, as described above, is arranged on such a milling device. The carrier device can in particular be a carrier vehicle with an undercarriage and a superstructure mounted rotatably thereon. Preferably, a mast is articulated to the superstructure, on which the trench wall cutter is suspended. For example, the trench wall cutter can be suspended from a rope. For controlling the position of the trench wall cutter in the ground, control devices, for example control flaps and / or control wheels, may be provided. Alternatively, it is possible to provide a fixed guide means, for example a guide bar, on which the trench wall cutter is suspended.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten, schematischen Zeichnungen weiter erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigt:

Fig. 1:
eine erfindungsgemäße Schlitzwandfräse mit zwei Fräsrädern;
Fig. 2:
eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades;
Fig. 3:
eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades und
Fig. 4:
eine dritte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades.
The invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. In the drawings shows:
Fig. 1:
a trench cutter according to the invention with two cutting wheels;
Fig. 2:
a first embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention;
3:
a second embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention and
4:
a third embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention.

Gleiche oder gleichwirkende Komponenten sind in allen Figuren mit denselben Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet.Identical or equivalent components are identified in all figures with the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Schlitzwandfräse 10 gemäß der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Schlitzwandfräse 10 umfasst einen Fräsrahmen 12, an welchem mehrere, beispielsweise zwei, vier oder acht Fräsräder 20 drehbar gelagert sind. Der Fräsrahmen 12 umfasst vorzugsweise ein oder mehrere Frässchilde 14, an welchen die Fräsräder 20 gelagert sind. Mindestens ein Fräsrad 20 ist vorzugsweise in einem unteren Bereich des Fräsrahmens 12 zum Abtragen von Bodenmaterial angeordnet, um einen insbesondere vertikalen Schlitz im Boden zu erstellen.In Fig. 1 a trench cutter 10 according to the invention is shown. The trench wall cutter 10 comprises a trimming frame 12, on which several, for example two, four or eight cutting wheels 20 are rotatably mounted. The milling frame 12 preferably comprises one or more milling blades 14, on which the cutting wheels 20 are mounted. At least one cutting wheel 20 is preferably arranged in a lower region of the milling frame 12 for removing soil material in order to create a particular vertical slot in the ground.

Die Fräsräder 20 sind jeweils um eine Drehachse 22 drehbar gelagert und weisen an ihrem Außenumfang 24 eine Mehrzahl von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen 30 zum Abtragen von Bodenmaterial auf. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30, beispielsweise Fräszähne, Meißel oder Rollen, sind in Umfangsrichtung um das Fräsrad 20 verteilt. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 können in Axialrichtung des Fräsrades 20 entlang unterschiedlicher Bahnen beziehungsweise auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen angeordnet sein. Jedes Fräsrad kann ein schwenkbar gelagertes Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeug, in insbesondere einen Klappzahn 31, aufweisen.The cutting wheels 20 are each rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 22 and have on their outer periphery 24 a plurality of tillage tools 30 for removing soil material. The soil working tools 30, for example, cutting teeth, chisels or rollers, are distributed around the cutting wheel 20 in the circumferential direction. The soil working tools 30 may be arranged in the axial direction of the cutting wheel 20 along different tracks or on different planes. Each cutting wheel may have a pivotally mounted soil working tool, in particular a folding tooth 31.

Zum Zuführen eines aushärtbaren Mediums in den erstellten Schlitz umfasst die Schlitzwandfräse 10 eine Zuführeinrichtung 16 mit einer Zuführöffnung. Die Zuführeinrichtung 16 kann in einem unteren Bereich des Fräsrahmens 12 angeordnet sein.For feeding a curable medium into the created slot, the trench wall cutter 10 comprises a feed device 16 with a feed opening. The feed device 16 may be arranged in a lower region of the milling frame 12.

Eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades 20 ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Bei dem Fräsrad 20 handelt es sich um ein kreisrundes Fräsrad, das heißt, die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 sind auf einer Kreisbahn um einen Mittelpunkt 46 des Fräsrades 20, welcher auch als Ring- oder Kreismittelpunkt bezeichnet werden kann, angeordnet. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 verlaufen somit in Umfangsrichtung des Fräsrades 20 auf einer Ringbahn 32, welche als Kreisbahn ausgebildet ist.A first embodiment of a cutting wheel 20 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown. The cutting wheel 20 is a circular cutting wheel, that is, the soil working tools 30 are arranged on a circular path about a center 46 of the cutting wheel 20, which may also be referred to as a ring or circle center. The tillage tools 30 thus extend in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel 20 on a ring track 32 which is formed as a circular path.

Die Drehachse 22 des Fräsrades 20 ist exzentrisch zu dem geometrischen Mittelpunkt 46 des Fräsrades 20 beziehungsweise der Ringbahn 32 angeordnet, Drehachse 22 und geometrischer Mittelpunkt 46 stimmen also nicht überein. Durch diesen Versatz wird bei einer Drehung des Fräsrades 20 ein definiert unrunder Lauf erzeugt. Die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 befinden sich entlang eines ersten Umfangsabschnittes 34 des Fräsrades 20 näher an der Drehachse 22 als entlang eines zweiten Umfangsabschnittes 36, welcher in Umfangsrichtung zum ersten Umfangsabschnitt 34 versetzt ist.The axis of rotation 22 of the cutting wheel 20 is arranged eccentrically to the geometric center 46 of the cutting wheel 20 and the annular path 32, rotation axis 22 and geometric center 46 are therefore not consistent. By this offset, a defined non-circular run is generated upon rotation of the cutting wheel 20. The tilling tools 30 are located along a first peripheral portion 34 of the cutting wheel 20 closer to the axis of rotation 22 than along a second peripheral portion 36 which is offset in the circumferential direction to the first peripheral portion 34.

Bei einer Drehung des Fräsrades 20 um seine Drehachse 22 oszilliert die Schnittbahn des Fräsrades 20 periodisch. Mit anderen Worten oszillieren in einer Ebene, durch welche die Drehachse 22 verläuft, die vorbeilaufenden Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 periodisch in radialer Richtung. Durch die oszillierende Bewegung der Schnittbahn kann eine Schwingung der Schlitzwandfräse erzeugt werden.Upon rotation of the cutting wheel 20 about its axis of rotation 22, the cutting path of the cutting wheel 20 oscillates periodically. In other words, in a plane through which the rotation axis 22 passes, the passing tillage tools 30 oscillate periodically in the radial direction. By the oscillating movement of the cutting path, a vibration of the trench wall cutter can be generated.

Das Fräsrad 20 umfasst eine Fräsradnabe 40 und einen daran, insbesondere lösbar und/oder verstellbar, befestigten Ringkranz 44. Der Ringkranz 44 kann mittels Schraub- oder Bolzenverbindungen 42 an der Fräsradnabe 40 befestigt sein. Durch geeignete Wahl der Befestigungsmittel kann die Position des Ringkranzes 44 bezüglich der Fräsradnabe 40 verstellt werden. Hierdurch lässt sich die Exzentrizität des Ringkranzes 44 variabel einstellen. Zur Verstellung des Ringkranzes 44 gegenüber der Fräsradnabe 40 können beispielsweise Langlöcher an der Fräsradnabe 40 oder dem Ringkranz 44 vorgesehen sein, die unterschiedliche Positionierungen des Ringkranzes 44 gegenüber der Fräsradnabe ermöglichen. Der Mittelpunkt 46 stellt insbesondere einen geometrischen Mittelpunkt des Ringkranzes 44 dar. Der Ringkranz 44 kann alternativ fest mit der Fräsradnabe 40 verbunden sein. Das so als feste Baugruppe gebildete Fräsrad 20 ist dann über eine Verstelleinrichtung zwischen Fräsrad 20 und einer Antriebswelle radial verstellbar, welche etwa senkrecht aus dem Lagerschild 14 des Fräsrahmens 12 vorsteht.The cutting wheel 20 includes a Fräsradnabe 40 and a thereto, in particular releasably and / or adjustable, attached ring gear 44. The ring gear 44 may be secured by means of screw or bolt connections 42 on the Fräsradnabe 40. By suitable choice of the fastening means, the position of the annular ring 44 with respect to the Fräsradnabe 40 can be adjusted. As a result, the eccentricity of the annular ring 44 can be set variably. For adjusting the annular ring 44 relative to the Fräsradnabe 40, for example, elongated holes can be provided on the Fräsradnabe 40 or the ring gear 44, which allow different positioning of the ring gear 44 relative to the Fräsradnabe. The center 46 represents in particular a geometric center of the ring gear 44. The ring gear 44 may alternatively be firmly connected to the Fräsradnabe 40. The cutting wheel 20 thus formed as a fixed assembly is then radially adjustable by means of an adjusting device between the cutting wheel 20 and a drive shaft which protrudes approximately perpendicularly from the bearing plate 14 of the milling frame 12.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades ist in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Im Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 ist der geometrische Mittelpunk 46 des Ringkranzes 44 beziehungsweise der Ringbahn 32 identisch mit der Drehachse 22, das heißt Ringkranz 44 und Fräsradnabe 40 sind koaxial zueinander angeordnet. Zur Bereitstellung der oszillierenden Schnittbahn beziehungsweise des definiert unrunden Laufes des Fräsrades 20 sind die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 auf einer elliptischen Bahn um den Mittelpunkt 46 angeordnet. Die Ringbahn 32, auf welcher die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 in Umfangsrichtung des Fräsrades 20 angeordnet sind, ist also als elliptische Bahn ausgebildet. Entsprechend der elliptischen Ringbahn 32 sind zwei erste Umfangsabschnitte 34 mit einem größeren Abstand von der Drehachse 22 und zwei zweite Umfangsabschnitte 36 mit einem kleineren Abstand von der Drehachse 22 entlang eines Umfangs des Fräsrades 20 vorhanden. Mit diesem Fräsrad 20 sind somit pro Umdrehung zwei Auf- und Abbewegungen und so eine Schwingung erzeugbar. Durch einen Phasenversatz der weiteren Fräsräder 20 zueinander können mehrere, sich überlagernde Schwingungen eingestellt werden.A further embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention is in Fig. 3 shown. Unlike the embodiment according to Fig. 2 is the geometric center point 46 of the ring gear 44 and the ring track 32 identical to the axis of rotation 22, that is ring gear 44 and cutting hub 40 are arranged coaxially to each other. To provide the oscillating cutting path or the defined non-circular path of the cutting wheel 20, the soil working tools 30 are arranged on an elliptical path around the center 46. The ring track 32, on which the soil tillage tools 30 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel 20, is thus designed as an elliptical path. Corresponding to the elliptical ring track 32, there are two first peripheral sections 34 at a greater distance from the rotational axis 22 and two second peripheral sections 36 at a smaller distance from the rotational axis 22 along a circumference of the cutting wheel 20. With this cutting wheel 20 thus two up and down movements and thus a vibration can be generated per revolution. By a phase offset of the other cutting wheels 20 to each other more, overlapping vibrations can be adjusted.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades 20 zeigt Fig. 4. Das in Fig. 4 dargestellte Fräsrad 20 kombiniert Merkmale der Fräsräder 20 aus den Figuren 2 und 3. Das Fräsrad 20 weist eine elliptische Ringbahn 32 der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge 30 auf. Zusätzlich ist die Drehachse 22 des Fräsrades 20 gegenüber dem geometrischen Mittelpunk 46 der Ringbahn 32 beziehungsweise des Ringkranzes 44 versetzt. Hierdurch lässt sich eine besonders effektive Impulsverstärkung beim Bodenabtrag erzielen. Pro Umdrehung des Fräsrades 20 können Auf- und Abbewegungen beim Abtragen des Bodens mit unterschiedlichen Amplituden erzeugt werden. Je nach gewünschter Kinematik beziehungsweise Schwingung des Fräsrades 20 sind unterschiedliche Ausrichtungen des Versatzes des Mittelpunktes 46 gegenüber der Drehachse 22 möglich. Beispielsweise kann die Schwingung aufgrund der elliptischen Ringbahn 32 verstärkt werden, indem der Versatz entlang der langen Achse beziehungsweise Halbachse der Ellipse ausgerichtet ist. Insbesondere wird auf diese Weise die Schwingung pro Umdrehung einmal verstärkt und einmal abgeschwächt. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, den Versatz in Abhängigkeit der gewünschten Schnittkurve schräg beziehungsweise quer zu der langen Achse der Ellipse anzuordnen, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt.A further embodiment of a cutting wheel 20 according to the invention shows Fig. 4 , This in Fig. 4 illustrated cutting wheel 20 combines features of the cutting wheels 20 from the Figures 2 and 3 , The cutting wheel 20 has an elliptical ring track 32 of the soil working tools 30. In addition, the axis of rotation 22 of the cutting wheel 20 is offset from the geometric center point 46 of the ring track 32 and the ring gear 44. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly effective pulse amplification during soil erosion. Per revolution of the cutting wheel 20 up and down movements when removing the soil can be generated with different amplitudes. Depending on the desired kinematics or vibration of the cutting wheel 20 different orientations of the offset of the center 46 relative to the axis of rotation 22 are possible. For example, the vibration due to the elliptical ring track 32 can be amplified by the offset along the long Axis or half axis of the ellipse is aligned. In particular, in this way the vibration per revolution is once amplified and attenuated once. Alternatively, it is also possible to arrange the offset as a function of the desired cutting curve obliquely or transversely to the long axis of the ellipse, as in Fig. 4 shown.

Aufgrund der oszillierenden Schnittbahn des Fräsrades 20 bei Drehung kann eine definierte Schwingung, die der oszillierenden Schnittbahn entspricht, auf die Schlitzwandfräse 10 beziehungsweise den Fräsrahmen 12 übertragen werden. Die Schlitzwandfräse 10 beziehungsweise der Fräsrahmen 12 bewegt sich somit bei Betrieb periodisch entsprechend den Umfangsabschnitten 34, 36 mit größerem und kleinerem Abstand von der Drehachse 22 auf und ab. Dies bewirkt eine Erhöhung der Impulskräfte an den Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen 30 und eine Verbesserung des Bodenabtrags bei Verminderung eines Reibungsverschleißes an den Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen 30.Due to the oscillating cutting path of the cutting wheel 20 during rotation, a defined oscillation, which corresponds to the oscillating cutting path, can be transmitted to the trench wall cutter 10 or the milling frame 12. The trench wall cutter 10 or the trimming frame 12 thus moves during operation periodically corresponding to the peripheral portions 34, 36 with a larger and smaller distance from the rotation axis 22 up and down. This causes an increase in the momentum forces on the tillage tools 30 and an improvement in soil erosion while reducing frictional wear on the tillage tools 30.

Claims (13)

Schlitzwandfräse zur Erstellung eines Schlitzes im Boden mit - einem Fräsrahmen (12) und - mindestens einem um eine Drehachse (22) drehbar an dem Fräsrahmen (12) gelagerten Fräsrad (20), welches an seinem Außenumfang (24) eine Mehrzahl von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen (30) zum Abtragen von Bodenmaterial aufweist, welche entlang einer Ringbahn (32) um die Drehachse (22) angeordnet sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Ringbahn (32) asymmetrisch zur Drehachse (22) des Fräsrades (20) verläuft, wobei die Ringbahn (32) mindestens einen ersten Umfangsabschnitt (34) mit einem größeren Abstand von der Drehachse (22) und mindestens einen zweiten Umfangsabschnitt (36) mit einem kleineren Abstand von der Drehachse (22) aufweist. Trench wall cutter for creating a slot in the ground with - A milling frame (12) and - At least one about an axis of rotation (22) rotatably mounted on the cutter frame (12) cutting wheel (20) having at its outer periphery (24) a plurality of soil cultivation tools (30) for removing soil material, which along a ring track (32) to the axis of rotation (22) are arranged,
characterized,
that the annular web (32) (22) of the cutting wheel (20) asymmetrically to the rotation axis, wherein the circle line (32) at least a first circumferential portion (34) having a larger distance from the rotational axis (22) and at least a second circumferential portion (36) having a smaller distance from the rotation axis (22). Schlitzwandfräse nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass aufgrund der zur Drehachse (22) des Fräsrades (20) asymmetrischen Ringbahn (32) eine definierte Schwingung der Schlitzwandfräse (10) erzeugbar ist.Trench wall cutter according to claim 1,
characterized,
that due to the rotational axis (22) of the cutting wheel (20) asymmetric annular path (32) a defined vibration of the trench wall cutter (10) can be generated. Schlitzwandfräse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Abstand der Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge (30) von der Drehachse (22) bei einem Umlauf entlang der Ringbahn (32) zwischen einem und fünf Maxima aufweist.Trench wall cutter according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
in that the distance of the tilling tools (30) from the axis of rotation (22) during a circulation along the annular path (32) has between one and five maxima. Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Ringbahn (32), entlang welcher die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge (30) angeordnet sind, eine von einer Kreisbahn abweichende, insbesondere elliptische Form aufweist.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the annular web (32) along which the ground-working tools (30) are arranged, having a shape deviating from a circular path, in particular elliptical shape. Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Drehachse (22) des Fräsrades (20) bezüglich eines geometrischen Ringmittelpunktes (46) Ringbahn (32) versetzt ist.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that the axis of rotation (22) of the cutting wheel (20) is offset relative to a geometric center of the ring (46) annular track (32). Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Ringbahn (32) eine Kreisbahn ist, deren Mittelpunkt (46) exzentrisch zur Drehachse (22) angeordnet ist.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 3 or 5,
characterized,
in that the annular path (32) is a circular path whose center (46) is arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation (22). Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Lage der Ringbahn (32) bezüglich der Drehachse (22) des Fräsrades (20) verstellbar ist.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the position of the ring web (32) of the rotary axis (22) of the cutting wheel (20) with respect adjustable. Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Fräsradnabe (40) vorgesehen ist, welche konzentrisch zur Drehachse (22) angeordnet und um diese drehbar angetrieben ist,
dass die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge (30) lösbar in einem Ringkranz (44) befestigt sind, und
dass der Ringkranz (44) an der Fräsradnabe (40) lösbar und/oder verstellbar befestigt ist.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that a cutting wheel hub (40) is provided which is arranged concentrically to the rotational axis (22) and around this driven in rotation,
that the tillage tools (30) are releasably secured in a ring collar (44), and
in that the annular ring (44) is detachably and / or adjustably attached to the cutting wheel hub (40). Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mehrere Fräsräder (20) an dem Fräsrahmen (12) gelagert sind, die gesteuert synchron zueinander antreibbar sind.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
in that a plurality of cutting wheels (20) are mounted on the milling frame (12) which can be driven in synchronism with one another. Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mehrere Fräsräder (20) an dem Fräsrahmen (12) gelagert sind, die gesteuert asynchron zueinander antreibbar sind.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
in that a plurality of cutting wheels (20) are mounted on the milling frame (12), which are controlled asynchronously driven to each other. Schlitzwandfräse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Zuführeinrichtung (16) zum Zuführen eines aushärtbaren Mediums an dem Fräsrahmen (12) angeordnet ist.Trench wall cutter according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
in that a feed device (16) for supplying a hardenable medium is arranged on the milling frame (12). Fräsvorrichtung mit
einem Trägergerät, an welchem eine Schlitzwandfräse (10) im Wesentlichen vertikal verstellbar angeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Schlitzwandfräse (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 angeordnet ist.Milling device with
a carrier device, on which a trench wall cutter (10) is arranged substantially vertically adjustable,
characterized,
in that a trench wall cutter (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11 is arranged. Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Schlitzes im Boden durch Abtragen von Bodenmaterial, insbesondere mittels einer Schlitzwandfräse (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, bei welchem - mindestens ein an einem Fräsrahmen (12) drehbar gelagertes Fräsrad (20) drehend angetrieben wird und - mit einer Mehrzahl von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen (30), welche an einem Außenumfang (24) des Fräsrades (20) angeordnet sind, Bodenmaterial abgetragen wird, wobei die Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeuge (30) auf einer Ringbahn (32) um die Drehachse (22) angeordnet sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Ringbahn (32) asymmetrisch zur Drehachse (22) des Fräsrades (20) verläuft, wobei die Ringbahn (32) mindestens einen ersten Umfangsabschnitt (34) mit einem größeren Abstand von der Drehachse (22) und mindestens einen zweiten Umfangsabschnitt (36) mit einem kleineren Abstand von der Drehachse (22) aufweist, und wobei die Schlitzwandfräse (10) bei Betrieb in eine definierte Schwingung versetzt wird. A method for creating a slot in the ground by removing soil material, in particular by means of a trench wall cutter (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which - At least one on a cutting frame (12) rotatably mounted cutting wheel (20) is driven in rotation and - With a plurality of tillage tools (30) which are arranged on an outer circumference (24) of the cutting wheel (20), soil material is removed, wherein the tillage tools (30) are arranged on a circular path (32) about the axis of rotation (22),
characterized,
that the annular web (32) (22) of the cutting wheel (20) asymmetrically to the rotation axis, wherein the circle line (32) at least a first circumferential portion (34) having a larger distance from the rotational axis (22) and at least a second circumferential portion (36) at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation (22), and wherein the trench wall cutter (10) is placed in operation in a defined vibration.
EP12001469.1A 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Drilling tool for making a subterraneous curtain wall and method of making such wall Not-in-force EP2636799B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12001469.1A EP2636799B1 (en) 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Drilling tool for making a subterraneous curtain wall and method of making such wall
BR102013001681-0A BR102013001681A2 (en) 2012-03-05 2013-01-23 CLOTHED WALL MILL AND PROCESS FOR FORMATION OF A GROUND CRACK
JP2013032715A JP5705896B2 (en) 2012-03-05 2013-02-22 Ditching machine and ground ditching method
US13/777,859 US9074341B2 (en) 2012-03-05 2013-02-26 Trench wall cutter and method for producing a trench in the ground
KR1020130022603A KR101446255B1 (en) 2012-03-05 2013-03-04 Trench wall cutter and method for producing a trench in the ground
CN201310069026.7A CN103306324B (en) 2012-03-05 2013-03-05 Irrigation canals and ditches wall cutting machine and the method for producing irrigation canals and ditches in soil
HK13111769.1A HK1184512A1 (en) 2012-03-05 2013-10-18 Drilling tool for making a subterraneous curtain wall and method of making such wall

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EP12001469.1A EP2636799B1 (en) 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Drilling tool for making a subterraneous curtain wall and method of making such wall

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EP (1) EP2636799B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5705896B2 (en)
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KR101446255B1 (en) 2014-10-01
JP5705896B2 (en) 2015-04-22
EP2636799B1 (en) 2014-05-14
CN103306324A (en) 2013-09-18
CN103306324B (en) 2015-08-26
US9074341B2 (en) 2015-07-07
KR20130101465A (en) 2013-09-13
JP2013185435A (en) 2013-09-19
HK1184512A1 (en) 2014-01-24
US20130227862A1 (en) 2013-09-05

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