EP2600360B1 - Electromagnet - Google Patents

Electromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2600360B1
EP2600360B1 EP11191584.9A EP11191584A EP2600360B1 EP 2600360 B1 EP2600360 B1 EP 2600360B1 EP 11191584 A EP11191584 A EP 11191584A EP 2600360 B1 EP2600360 B1 EP 2600360B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
electromagnet
spring
sleeve
valve
Prior art date
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EP11191584.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2600360A1 (en
Inventor
Johann Weiss
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SVM Schultz Verwaltungs GmbH and Co KG
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SVM Schultz Verwaltungs GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to EP11191584.9A priority Critical patent/EP2600360B1/en
Publication of EP2600360A1 publication Critical patent/EP2600360A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnet consisting of an armature arranged in a sleeve, a bobbin with a wire winding which can be acted upon by current which at least partially surrounds the armature, with an armature spring, by means of which the armature is moved back to its initial position in the currentless state ,
  • Such electromagnets are known. It is so that an anchor is mounted in an anchor space between a bobbin with a wire winding, and usually twice. So that the armature in the de-energized state to its original position is returned, is provided at one end of the anchor according to the prior art, a coil spring which holds the armature in the currentless state of the winding in its initial position.
  • the coil spring is designed as a separate, discrete component from the armature.
  • the spiral spring has a certain axial length (relative to the direction of movement or longitudinal extent of the armature), which leads to a corresponding size of the entire electromagnet on the one hand and on the other hand of the armature.
  • larger coils are necessary for relatively large anchors, which is disadvantageous for the overall size of the electromagnet and also for the manufacturing costs thereof.
  • the document EP 1 536 169 A1 discloses a device for controlling a medium, which has a valve housing with valve inlet and outlet and an arranged between these, surrounded by a valve seat valve opening. For flow control, actuated by an electromagnet valve member cooperates with the valve seat.
  • the document EP 1 970 610 A1 discloses a device for controlling a fluid or gaseous medium, comprising a valve device having a valve housing, which has a valve inlet and a valve outlet, which communicate with each other via a valve opening with valve seat.
  • the document DE 10 2007 059 054 A1 discloses an electromagnetic actuator for switching and / or controlling a particular acting as a valve closure element Sealing body, which is guided against the spring force of a force accumulator actuated by an axially relative to a stationarily provided in a housing coil device axially movable armature unit.
  • the invention is based on the above-described prior art and proposes an electromagnet, consisting of a sleeve arranged in an armature with a bobbin with a wire winding, which can be acted upon by current, which surrounds the armature at least partially and an armature spring, by means of which Anchor is moved back to its initial position in the currentless state before, which is characterized in that the armature spring is formed as a flat spring or leaf spring and secured to the anchor.
  • This configuration makes it possible to obtain an assembly that can be inserted as a common assembly during assembly of the electromagnet from one side into a sleeve or a housing of an electromagnet.
  • the armature possibly with integrated actuator, so anchor rod
  • the armature spring assembly process is greatly facilitated because two interacting elements can be prepared pre-assembled. This then leads to a larger overall assembly, which is easier to handle during assembly.
  • actuators such as a pneumatic valve
  • the spring is then supported for example on a part of the valve body. From above or from the open side of the sleeve, the bobbin can be inserted, so that, for example the bobbin determines the spring in the sleeve or in the housing.
  • the attachment plate is formed from another, namely magnetizable material. This also serves to guide the magnetic field. It may also be a permanent magnet, which is radially poled.
  • the part facing the spring is made of magnetizable material and in the form of the fixing plate.
  • the bobbin is made of a non-magnetizable material and acting as a fixing plate part of the bobbin of magnetizable material, which is for example molded, sprayed, glued, clipped or otherwise secured.
  • the proposal according to the invention achieves that the volume consumption for the armature spring is significantly reduced. This results in smaller inventive electromagnets with comparable technical parameters at a lower cost. Furthermore, the proposal according to the invention makes it possible to make the armature shorter and therefore easier to build, with the result that the coil can likewise be made smaller in order to achieve the same switching speeds. In addition to the simpler installation of the electromagnet according to the invention, the proposal thus also leads surprisingly to a device with improved switching characteristics, that is, faster switching with smaller dimensions and lower production costs.
  • Another advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is the fact that the armature is at least partially surrounded by the bobbin. This results in that the magnetic field lines between the core and the armature can occur more effectively in this and so possibly positively influence the power delivery and thus the switching characteristic.
  • a development of the previously described electromagnet is characterized in that a meandering design of the armature spring is provided.
  • the armature spring is plate-shaped.
  • the Guranderfom has the advantage that, in addition to the material savings, ie lighter weight, even the kinked movement of the spring for the switching process tangent. This eliminates radial kinking resulting in a flatter design.
  • the plate shape is preferred because electromagnets usually have a tubular cross-section. This does not exclude that other cross sections can be chosen here, if this is advantageous for the realization.
  • the armature spring radially guides, stores and / or centers the armature in the sleeve.
  • the armature is guided on one side in the bobbin or in the armature space, where it is also stored at the same time.
  • the second bearing is now obtained automatically by the spring which guides or supports the armature radially in the sleeve and / or centered.
  • the anchor spring is dimensioned in its diameter so that it rests against the inner edge of the sleeve, so that no further centering and storage is necessary. This also makes it possible, in turn, to save material or mass in order to further improve the switching characteristic of the electromagnet.
  • the armature spring surrounds the armature annularly or disc-shaped. This has the advantage, as stated previously, that you can use this anchor spring With the anchor can connect very easily and thus creates an assembly that can be mounted together during assembly of the electromagnet.
  • the outer diameter of the armature spring corresponds to the inner diameter of the sleeve or the sleeve has a taper on one side and the outer diameter of the armature spring corresponds to the inner diameter of the taper. It is of course advantageous if the armature spring corresponds to the inner diameter of the sleeve at the taper or in the taper. A storage and centering takes place in the same way.
  • the invention is characterized according to a development also by the fact that the armature spring in the axial direction of the armature is movable or movable.
  • the anchor spring must also have a corresponding freedom of movement. This is inventively achieved by a certain gap between the armature spring and the bobbin or an interposed fastener is kept free.
  • the armature spring rests against the inner edge of the sleeve or at the inner edge of the taper of the sleeve and closes there.
  • the anchor presents a constriction and the anchor spring is fixed to the edge of the constriction.
  • this constriction is designed so that it is located in particular on the part of the armature, which does not protrude into the space surrounded by the coil body. Rather, this constriction is provided on the side, on the Actuating element, for example a pneumatic valve, acts.
  • the design of the (pneumatic) valve has no significance for this invention. Rather, it is possible to operate in addition to pneumatic valves and other actuators, such as hydraulic valves or other switching elements.
  • the ratio of the outer diameter of the armature at its constriction to the outer diameter of the armature spring between 1 to 2.8 to 1 to 3.8, preferably 1 to 3.1.
  • a relatively large ratio leads to a small armature diameter in the region of the constriction, and therefore to low weight, which is favorable for size and switching characteristics.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the armature spring to the diameter of the armature is greater than 1.3, in particular greater than 1.5, preferably greater than 1.8.
  • the diameter of the armature is considered to be the area of the armature which dips into the coil body (into the armature space).
  • the ratio of the axial length (relative to its direction of movement) of the armature to its outer diameter is greater than 1, in particular greater than 2, preferably greater than 2.5.
  • the armature spring can be fixed in the sleeve by means of a fastening washer or by the coil former.
  • This makes it possible to set the anchor spring with this mounting washer in the sleeve and at the same time to create a necessary space for the movement of the armature spring.
  • the armature spring is preferably held or fixed in the sleeve, which accommodates the electromagnet.
  • the bobbin is designed accordingly on its side facing the installed state of the armature spring in order to fix the armature spring. The design of such a coil former has already been described earlier.
  • the sleeve has a holder on its output side edge.
  • This holder may be formed, for example, as an angling, bending, crimping and, for example, the edge completely surrounded. According to the invention, however, it is also provided if only part of the circumference of the sleeve on the output side has this holder. Thus, for example, there may be provided a certain constriction or beading, which is sufficient to secure all inner parts of the electromagnet.
  • the mounting plate or the bobbin in the installed state on the armature spring facing side has an inner cone. This inner cone is sufficient to provide the necessary space for the movement of the armature spring during the switching operations.
  • armature spring and armature form a common assembly of the electromagnet, which is insertable as a unit from one side of the sleeve, namely from the side which does not have the holder in the interior of the sleeve.
  • a module for a modular construction for example, by inserting a first assembly, in the form of, for example, a valve upper part or an upper part of an actuating element in the sleeve when mounting the electromagnet. By the holder this is fixed on the output side. Next, you then introduce the anchor with the anchor spring in the sleeve.
  • the mounting plate or the bobbin can be inserted, depending on how the design is provided.
  • the remaining elements bobbin and magnetic core are then mounted.
  • a yoke disc to complete the electromagnet or the sleeve or the housing of the electromagnet.
  • the other completion elements can be easily attached from the other side, without having to move the electromagnet again, for example, to rotate or pan.
  • the next completion step for example, the completion of the actuators or valves on the electromagnet can be done in a further step.
  • the invention is not limited in any way here.
  • the invention is further characterized by the fact that the armature spring is welded, glued, crimped, pressed or lashed to the anchor.
  • This facilitates the assembly in the intended use further and at the same time means that you can not separate Fasteners or fasteners must provide on the anchor.
  • the welding is provided as a fastening measure.
  • the invention is also characterized in that the armature space is bounded on at least one side by a magnetic core. This forms the upper end of the anchor space.
  • the anchor has a constriction on one side or has an anchor rod which is able to cooperate with the sealing body of a valve.
  • the electromagnets in particular the electromagnet according to the invention, are used for certain switching or control operations.
  • the interaction is advantageous, for example, with a valve.
  • the anchor is on the side where it cooperates with the valve, for example, designed accordingly.
  • the anchor has, for example, a conically or cylindrically tapering end-side narrowing or constriction.
  • the armature acts with this end portion, for example, together with a sealing body made of elastic material, which releases or closes, for example, in a valve application in the valve body a medium-carrying nozzle according to the anchor position.
  • the invention also relates to a valve, in particular a pneumatic valve with an electromagnet, as previously described.
  • a valve in particular a pneumatic valve with an electromagnet, as previously described.
  • the advantages of the electromagnet according to the invention are consequently also obtained in the valve with this electromagnet.
  • the design of the valve due to the cheaper electromagnet with respect to the switching operations and in particular the weight in size optimize accordingly.
  • a valve as described above is characterized according to a development in that at least a part of the valve housing is partially disposed in the sleeve of the electromagnet.
  • the alternative proposal provides that the valve housing protrudes partially below the sleeve of the electromagnet and itself provides a sealing, closed surface. This leads to a corresponding saving of material in the sleeve, since the valve housing itself is made sufficiently tight and stable.
  • FIG. 1a shows a sectional view through a part of the electromagnet I according to the invention.
  • Reference numeral II denotes a valve not described in detail, in particular a pneumatic valve.
  • the armature 1 is at least partially surrounded by a bobbin 4. On the bobbin 4 is a wire winding 4.1.
  • the armature 1 has in its immersed in the bobbin 4 area its largest diameter d1. Outside the bobbin then closes at the anchor then a range 1.2 (see FIG. 1b ), which has a smaller diameter d2 in relation to the diameter d1.
  • the electromagnet I is surrounded by a sleeve 3.
  • This sleeve 3 has a taper 3.1.
  • the bobbin 4 extends into the region of the taper, so has a correspondingly smaller diameter, the winding on the bobbin 4 starts approximately at the height of the taper 3.1.
  • the armature spring 2 is formed as a flat or leaf spring, as shown both in the FIG. 1a as well as in the FIG. 1b you can see.
  • the advantage here is a meandering configuration (see Fig. 1c ).
  • the armature spring 2 is attached to the anchor 1 at its constriction 1.2 or at the shoulder which forms the constriction. Preferably, it is welded or glued or otherwise fixed there connected. The armature spring 2 centers while the anchor 1 in the sleeve. 3
  • the armature spring 2 is dimensioned such that it corresponds to the inner diameter d4 of the sleeve 3 or the diameter of the taper 3.1 of the sleeve 3.
  • the armature 1 is both centered and fixed and in particular stored.
  • the anchor spring 2 is according to the invention or according to the embodiment shown here FIG. 1a placed on a housing part 7 of an actuatable by the electromagnet I valve II.
  • This housing part 7 is fixed in the sleeve or in the taper of the sleeve so that it can not slip out. For this purpose, it is at the final edge of the sleeve a bracket 3.2.
  • the sleeves can also be produced preferably without difficulty in the deep-drawing process. It is also advantageous if the holder 3.2 only partially surrounds the edge of the sleeve 3. Here, a one-sided bracket 3.2 is just as possible, as a circumferential.
  • FIG. 1b shows an anchor 1 according to the invention.
  • the armature spring 2 is set at its constriction 1.1.
  • d1 the diameter of the armature in its upper region, with which it dips between the bobbin 4, designated.
  • d2 denotes the diameter of the armature 1 at its constriction.
  • Generic electromagnetically operable valves often referred to as a solenoid valve, are well known in the art. They serve to control a media flow, for example as a hydraulic or pneumatic valve. There are a variety of designs known for this purpose, for example, 2/2-way valves or 3/2-way valves, which are realized both as switching valves, as well as proportional valves.
  • the Fig. 1c shows in plan view an embodiment of the armature spring 2 according to the invention.
  • the armature spring is designed as a flat spring and has meandering recesses 2.1. On the above-described advantages of an anchor spring 2 thus formed is expressly incorporated by reference.
  • a bore 2.2 is provided in the center of the armature spring 2. This serves to accommodate a part of the armature 1, for example, the area 1.2 of the armature.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Elektromagneten, bestehend aus einem in einer Hülse angeordneten Anker, einem Spulenkörper mit einer Drahtwicklung, die mit Strom beaufschlagbar ist, die den Anker zumindest teilweise umgibt, mit einer Ankerfeder, mittels derer der Anker im stromlosen Zustand in seine Ausgangslage zurückbewegt wird.The invention relates to an electromagnet consisting of an armature arranged in a sleeve, a bobbin with a wire winding which can be acted upon by current which at least partially surrounds the armature, with an armature spring, by means of which the armature is moved back to its initial position in the currentless state ,

Derartige Elektromagneten sind bekannt. Dabei ist es so, dass ein Anker in einem Ankeraum zwischen einem Spulenkörper mit einer Drahtwicklung gelagert ist und zwar in der Regel zweifach. Damit der Anker im stromlosen Zustand in seine Ausgangslage zurückgeführt wird, ist an einem Ende des Ankers laut Stand der Technik eine Spiralfeder vorgesehen, die den Anker bei stromlosen Zustand der Wicklung in seiner Ausgangslage hält.Such electromagnets are known. It is so that an anchor is mounted in an anchor space between a bobbin with a wire winding, and usually twice. So that the armature in the de-energized state to its original position is returned, is provided at one end of the anchor according to the prior art, a coil spring which holds the armature in the currentless state of the winding in its initial position.

Bei den bekannten Anordnungen ist die Spiralfeder als von dem Anker separates, diskretes Bauteil ausgeführt. Das führt dazu, dass ein weiteres filigranes Bauteil in der Hülse zu montieren ist, was zu entsprechendem Aufwand führt. Des Weiteren besitzt die Spiralfeder eine gewisse axiale Länge (bezogen auf die Bewegungsrichtung beziehungsweise Längserstreckung des Ankers), was zu einer entsprechenden Größe des gesamten Elektromagneten einerseits und andererseits des Ankers führt. Um entsprechende Schaltgeschwindigkeiten des Ankers in seiner Anwendung (zum Beispiel als Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikventil) zu erreichen, sind bei verhältnismäßig großen Ankern auch größere Spulen notwendig, was nachteilig für die Baugröße des Elektromagneten insgesamt und auch für die Herstellungskosten derselben ist.In the known arrangements, the coil spring is designed as a separate, discrete component from the armature. The result is that another filigree component is to be mounted in the sleeve, which leads to a corresponding expense. Furthermore, the spiral spring has a certain axial length (relative to the direction of movement or longitudinal extent of the armature), which leads to a corresponding size of the entire electromagnet on the one hand and on the other hand of the armature. In order to achieve appropriate switching speeds of the armature in its application (for example, as a hydraulic or pneumatic valve), larger coils are necessary for relatively large anchors, which is disadvantageous for the overall size of the electromagnet and also for the manufacturing costs thereof.

Das Dokument EP 1 536 169 A1 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines Mediums, welche ein Ventilgehäuse mit Ventilein- und auslass und einer zwischen diesen angeordneten, von einem Ventilsitz umgebenen Ventilöffnung aufweist. Zur Durchflussmengenregelung wirkt ein von einem Elektromagneten betätigtes Ventilglied mit dem Ventilsitz zusammen.The document EP 1 536 169 A1 discloses a device for controlling a medium, which has a valve housing with valve inlet and outlet and an arranged between these, surrounded by a valve seat valve opening. For flow control, actuated by an electromagnet valve member cooperates with the valve seat.

Das Dokument EP 1 970 610 A1 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines fluiden oder gasförmigen Mediums, mit einer Ventileinrichtung mit einem Ventilgehäuse, das einen Ventileinlass und einen Ventilauslass aufweist, die über eine Ventilöffnung mit Ventilsitz miteinander in Verbindung stehen.The document EP 1 970 610 A1 discloses a device for controlling a fluid or gaseous medium, comprising a valve device having a valve housing, which has a valve inlet and a valve outlet, which communicate with each other via a valve opening with valve seat.

Das Dokument DE 10 2007 059 054 A1 offenbart eine elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung zur Schaltung und/oder Steuerung eines insbesondere als Ventilverschlusselement wirkenden Dichtkörpers, der gegen die Federkraft eines Kraftspeichers von einer relativ zu einer stationär in einem Gehäuse vorgesehenen Spulenvorrichtung axial bewegbaren Ankereinheit betätigbar geführt ist.The document DE 10 2007 059 054 A1 discloses an electromagnetic actuator for switching and / or controlling a particular acting as a valve closure element Sealing body, which is guided against the spring force of a force accumulator actuated by an axially relative to a stationarily provided in a housing coil device axially movable armature unit.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Elektromagneten zur Verfügung zu stellen, der zumindest einen der vorgenannten Nachteile nicht mehr aufweist.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide an electromagnet which no longer has at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages.

Die Erfindung geht von dem zuvor geschilderten Stand der Technik aus und schlägt einen Elektromagneten, bestehend aus einem in einer Hülse angeordneten Anker mit einem Spulenkörper mit einer Drahtwicklung, die mit Strom beaufschlagbar ist, die den Anker zumindest teilweise umgibt und einer Ankerfeder, mittels derer der Anker im stromlosen Zustand in seine Ausgangslage zurückbewegt wird, vor, der sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Ankerfeder als Flachfeder beziehungsweise als Blattfeder ausgebildet und am Anker befestigt ist. Durch diese Ausgestaltung gelingt es, dass man nun eine Baugruppe erhält, die als gemeinsame Baugruppe bei der Montage des Elektromagneten von einer Seite aus in eine Hülse oder ein Gehäuse eines Elektromagneten eingeführt werden kann. Durch die Zusammenfassung zweier verhältnismäßig kleiner und filigraner Bauteile, zum einen des Ankers (gegebenenfalls mit integriertem Betätigungselement, also Ankerstange) und der als Flachfeder ausgebildeten Ankerfeder wird der Montageprozess erheblich erleichtert, da zwei zusammenwirkende Elemente vormontiert vorbereitet werden können. Dies führt dann insgesamt zu einer größeren Baugruppe, die bei der Montage leichter handhabbar ist. Dabei kann man beispielsweise auch zumindest teilweise Teile von Betätigungsgliedern, wie zum Beispiel eines Pneumatikventiles, vor der Montage des Ankers mit der Flachfeder einfügen. Die Feder stützt sich dann beispielsweise auf einem Teil des Ventilkörpers ab. Von oben beziehungsweise von der offenen Seite der Hülse aus kann der Spulenkörper eingeführt werden, so dass beispielsweise der Spulenkörper die Feder in der Hülse beziehungsweise im Gehäuse festlegt. Vorteilhafter Weise wird man allerdings eine Befestigungsscheibe zwischen die Feder und den Spulenkörper legen. Erfindungsgemäß sind jedoch beide Ausführungsvarianten umfasst. Dabei ist jedoch die Befestigungsscheibe aus einem anderen, nämlich magnetisierbaren Material gebildet. Dies dient gleichzeitig der Führung des Magnetfeldes. Dabei kann es sich auch um einen Permanentmagneten handeln, der radial gepolt ist. Im Falle, dass der Spulenkörper die Ankerfeder direkt festlegt, ist der der Feder zugewandte Teil aus magnetisierbarem Material und in Form der Befestigungsscheibe gebildet. Der Spulenkörper ist aus einem nicht magnetisierbaren Material und der als Befestigungsscheibe wirkende Teil des Spulenkörpers aus magnetisierbarem Material, welches zum Beispiel angeformt, aufgespritzt, angeklebt, angeclipst oder anderweitig befestigt ist.The invention is based on the above-described prior art and proposes an electromagnet, consisting of a sleeve arranged in an armature with a bobbin with a wire winding, which can be acted upon by current, which surrounds the armature at least partially and an armature spring, by means of which Anchor is moved back to its initial position in the currentless state before, which is characterized in that the armature spring is formed as a flat spring or leaf spring and secured to the anchor. This configuration makes it possible to obtain an assembly that can be inserted as a common assembly during assembly of the electromagnet from one side into a sleeve or a housing of an electromagnet. By combining two relatively small and filigree components, on the one hand the armature (possibly with integrated actuator, so anchor rod) and designed as a flat spring armature spring assembly process is greatly facilitated because two interacting elements can be prepared pre-assembled. This then leads to a larger overall assembly, which is easier to handle during assembly. In this case, for example, at least partially insert parts of actuators, such as a pneumatic valve, prior to assembly of the armature with the flat spring. The spring is then supported for example on a part of the valve body. From above or from the open side of the sleeve, the bobbin can be inserted, so that, for example the bobbin determines the spring in the sleeve or in the housing. Advantageously, however, you will put a mounting washer between the spring and the bobbin. According to the invention, however, both embodiments are included. In this case, however, the attachment plate is formed from another, namely magnetizable material. This also serves to guide the magnetic field. It may also be a permanent magnet, which is radially poled. In the case that the bobbin sets the anchor spring directly, the part facing the spring is made of magnetizable material and in the form of the fixing plate. The bobbin is made of a non-magnetizable material and acting as a fixing plate part of the bobbin of magnetizable material, which is for example molded, sprayed, glued, clipped or otherwise secured.

Der erfindungsgemäße Vorschlag erreicht, dass der Volumenverbrauch für die Ankerfeder deutlich reduziert wird. Hieraus resultieren kleinere erfindungsgemäße Elektromagneten mit vergleichbaren technischen Parametern bei geringeren Kosten. Des Weiteren erlaubt es der erfindungsgemäße Vorschlag, den Anker kürzer und daher leichter zu bauen, mit der Folge, dass die Spule zur Erreichung gleicher Schaltgeschwindigkeiten ebenfalls kleiner zu bauen ist. Neben der einfacheren Montage des erfindungsgemäßen Elektromagneten führt der Vorschlag somit auch überraschender Weise zu einem Gerät mit verbesserter Schaltcharakteristik, das heißt, schnellerem Schalten bei kleineren Abmessungen und geringeren Herstellungskosten.The proposal according to the invention achieves that the volume consumption for the armature spring is significantly reduced. This results in smaller inventive electromagnets with comparable technical parameters at a lower cost. Furthermore, the proposal according to the invention makes it possible to make the armature shorter and therefore easier to build, with the result that the coil can likewise be made smaller in order to achieve the same switching speeds. In addition to the simpler installation of the electromagnet according to the invention, the proposal thus also leads surprisingly to a device with improved switching characteristics, that is, faster switching with smaller dimensions and lower production costs.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ist darin zu sehen, dass der Anker zumindest teilweise von dem Spulenkörper umgeben ist. Dies führt dazu, dass die Magnetfeldlinien zwischen dem Kern und dem Anker effektiver in diesen eintreten können und so gegebenenfalls die Kraftentfaltung und somit die Schaltcharakteristik positiv beeinflussen.Another advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is the fact that the armature is at least partially surrounded by the bobbin. This results in that the magnetic field lines between the core and the armature can occur more effectively in this and so possibly positively influence the power delivery and thus the switching characteristic.

Eine Weiterbildung des zuvor geschilderten Elektromagneten zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass eine mäanderförmige Ausbildung der Ankerfeder vorgesehen ist. Vorzugsweise ist dabei die Ankerfeder tellerförmig ausgebildet. Die Mäanderfom hat dabei den Vorteil, dass man neben der Materialeinsparung, das heißt leichterem Gewicht, auch noch die Knickbewegegung der Feder für den Schaltvorgang tangential verlegt. Man kommt dadurch weg von einer radialen Knickbewegung, wodurch eine flachere Bauart resultiert. Die Tellerform ist dabei bevorzugt, weil Elektromagneten in der Regel einen rohrförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Dies schließt nicht aus, dass hier auch andere Querschnitte gewählt werden können, wenn dies für die Realisierung von Vorteil ist.A development of the previously described electromagnet is characterized in that a meandering design of the armature spring is provided. Preferably, the armature spring is plate-shaped. The Mäanderfom has the advantage that, in addition to the material savings, ie lighter weight, even the kinked movement of the spring for the switching process tangent. This eliminates radial kinking resulting in a flatter design. The plate shape is preferred because electromagnets usually have a tubular cross-section. This does not exclude that other cross sections can be chosen here, if this is advantageous for the realization.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es auch vorgesehen, dass die Ankerfeder den Anker in der Hülse radial führt, lagert und/oder zentriert. Dies ist ein besonderer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung, weil dadurch ein komplettes Lager eingespart werden kann. So wird der Anker beispielsweise einseitig in dem Spulenkörper beziehhungsweise im Ankerraum geführt, wo er auch gleichzeitig gelagert ist. Die zweite Lagerung erhält man jetzt automatisch durch die Feder, die den Anker radial in der Hülse führt beziehungsweise lagert und/oder zentriert. Dabei wird die Ankerfeder in ihrem Durchmesser so bemessen, dass sie am Innenrand der Hülse anliegt, so dass keine weitere Zentrierung und Lagerung notwendig ist. Auch dadurch gelingt es wiederum, Material beziehungsweise Masse einzusparen, um die Schaltcharakteristik des Elektromagneten weiter zu verbessern.According to the invention, it is also provided that the armature spring radially guides, stores and / or centers the armature in the sleeve. This is a particular advantage of the embodiment according to the invention, because it can save a complete warehouse. For example, the armature is guided on one side in the bobbin or in the armature space, where it is also stored at the same time. The second bearing is now obtained automatically by the spring which guides or supports the armature radially in the sleeve and / or centered. In this case, the anchor spring is dimensioned in its diameter so that it rests against the inner edge of the sleeve, so that no further centering and storage is necessary. This also makes it possible, in turn, to save material or mass in order to further improve the switching characteristic of the electromagnet.

Von Vorteil ist es weiterhin, wenn die Ankerfeder den Anker ringförmig beziehungsweise scheibenförmig umgibt. Dies hat den Vorteil, wie bereits vorher ausgeführt, dass man diese Ankerfeder mit dem Anker sehr einfach verbinden kann und so eine Baugruppe schafft, die gemeinsam bei der Montage des Elektromagneten montiert werden kann.It is also advantageous if the armature spring surrounds the armature annularly or disc-shaped. This has the advantage, as stated previously, that you can use this anchor spring With the anchor can connect very easily and thus creates an assembly that can be mounted together during assembly of the electromagnet.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Außendurchmesser der Ankerfeder dem Innendurchmesser der Hülse entspricht oder die Hülse einseitig eine Verjüngung aufweist und der Außendurchmesser der Ankerfeder dem Innendurchmesser der Verjüngung entspricht. Dabei ist selbstverständlich dann von Vorteil, wenn die Ankerfeder dem Innendurchmesser der Hülse an der Verjüngung beziehungsweise in der Verjüngung entspricht. Eine Lagerung und Zentrierung erfolgt dabei in gleicher Weise.According to the invention, it is provided that the outer diameter of the armature spring corresponds to the inner diameter of the sleeve or the sleeve has a taper on one side and the outer diameter of the armature spring corresponds to the inner diameter of the taper. It is of course advantageous if the armature spring corresponds to the inner diameter of the sleeve at the taper or in the taper. A storage and centering takes place in the same way.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich entsprechend einer Weiterbildung auch dadurch aus, dass die Ankerfeder in axialer Richtung des Ankers bewegbar beziehungsweise beweglich ist. Dazu muss die Ankerfeder auch eine entsprechende Bewegungsfreiheit besitzen. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst, indem ein bestimmter Zwischenraum zwischen der Ankerfeder und dem Spulenkörper beziehungsweise einem dazwischen angeordneten Befestigungselement freigehalten wird. Die Ankerfeder liegt dabei am Innenrand der Hülse beziehungsweise am Innenrand der Verjüngung der Hülse an und schließt dort ab. Dadurch werden die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile, wie bereits beschrieben, erhalten, indem hier sowohl eine Verringerung des Gesamtgewichtes des Elektromagneten erreicht wird und insbesondere auch eine Verbesserung der Schaltcharakteristik, die damit verbunden ist.The invention is characterized according to a development also by the fact that the armature spring in the axial direction of the armature is movable or movable. For this purpose, the anchor spring must also have a corresponding freedom of movement. This is inventively achieved by a certain gap between the armature spring and the bobbin or an interposed fastener is kept free. The armature spring rests against the inner edge of the sleeve or at the inner edge of the taper of the sleeve and closes there. As a result, the advantages according to the invention, as already described, are obtained by achieving both a reduction in the total weight of the electromagnet and, in particular, an improvement in the switching characteristic associated therewith.

Es ist von Vorteil, wenn der Anker eine Einschnürung vorweist und die Ankerfeder an dem Rand der Einschnürung festgelegt ist. Dabei ist diese Einschnürung so gestaltet, dass sie sich insbesondere an dem Teil des Ankers befindet, der nicht in den von dem Spulenkörper umgebenen Raum hineinragt. Vielmehr ist diese Einschnürung an der Seite vorgesehen, die auf das Betätigungselement, zum Beispiel ein Pneumatikventil, wirkt. Die Ausgestaltung des (Pneumatik)Ventiles hat für diese Erfindung keine Bedeutung. Vielmehr ist es möglich, neben Pneumatikventilen auch andere Betätigungsglieder, wie zum Beispiel Hydraulikventile oder andere Schaltelemente zu betätigen.It is advantageous if the anchor presents a constriction and the anchor spring is fixed to the edge of the constriction. In this case, this constriction is designed so that it is located in particular on the part of the armature, which does not protrude into the space surrounded by the coil body. Rather, this constriction is provided on the side, on the Actuating element, for example a pneumatic valve, acts. The design of the (pneumatic) valve has no significance for this invention. Rather, it is possible to operate in addition to pneumatic valves and other actuators, such as hydraulic valves or other switching elements.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Verhältnis des Außendurchmessers des Ankers an seiner Einschnürung zu dem Außendurchmesser der Ankerfeder zwischen 1 zu 2,8 bis 1 zu 3,8, vorzugsweise 1 zu 3,1 ist. Ein verhältnismäßig großes Verhältnis führt zu einem kleinen Ankerdurchmesser im Bereich der Einschnürung, und daher zu geringem Gewicht, was günstig für Baugröße und Schaltcharakteristik ist.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the ratio of the outer diameter of the armature at its constriction to the outer diameter of the armature spring between 1 to 2.8 to 1 to 3.8, preferably 1 to 3.1. A relatively large ratio leads to a small armature diameter in the region of the constriction, and therefore to low weight, which is favorable for size and switching characteristics.

In der bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Vorschlages ist vorgesehen, dass das Verhältnis des Durchmessers der Ankerfeder zum Durchmesser des Ankers größer 1,3, insbesondere größer 1,5, bevorzugt größer 1,8 ist. Als Durchmesser des Ankers wird dabei der Bereich des Ankers angesehen, der in dem Spulenkörper (in den Ankerraum) eintaucht. Durch dieses möglichst große Verhältnis wird eine sehr effektive Federwirkung der als Blatt- oder Flachfeder ausgebildeten Ankerfeder erreicht. Dabei kann problemlos der Durchmesser des Spulenkörpers mit ausgenutzt werden. Dadurch ändert sich das Bauvolumen entsprechend ausgestatteter Elektromagnete nicht.In the preferred embodiment of the proposal, it is provided that the ratio of the diameter of the armature spring to the diameter of the armature is greater than 1.3, in particular greater than 1.5, preferably greater than 1.8. The diameter of the armature is considered to be the area of the armature which dips into the coil body (into the armature space). By this largest possible ratio of a very effective spring action of the formed as a leaf or flat spring armature spring is achieved. It can easily be exploited with the diameter of the bobbin. As a result, the volume of construction of appropriately equipped electromagnets does not change.

Des Weiteren ist vorgesehen, dass das Verhältnis der axialen Länge (bezogen auf seine Bewegungsrichtung) des Ankers zu seinem Außendurchmesser größer 1, insbesondere größer 2, bevorzugt größer als 2,5 ist. Dies ist gerade ein Vorzug der Erfindung, dass verhältnismäßig langbauende Anker (bezogen auf ihren Durchmesser) mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag realisierbar sind, die zu schnell schaltenden und gleichzeitig kleinbauenden Elektromagneten führen.Furthermore, it is provided that the ratio of the axial length (relative to its direction of movement) of the armature to its outer diameter is greater than 1, in particular greater than 2, preferably greater than 2.5. This is just one advantage of the invention that relatively long-lasting anchor (based on their diameter) can be realized with the proposal according to the invention, leading to fast switching and at the same time small-sized electromagnet.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde gefunden, dass es von Vorteil ist, wenn die Ankerfeder mittels einer Befestigungsscheibe oder durch den Spulenkörper in der Hülse festlegbar ist. Dadurch gelingt es, die Ankerfeder mit dieser Befestigungsscheibe in der Hülse entsprechend festzulegen und gleichzeitig einen notwendigen Freiraum für die Bewegung der Ankerfeder zu schaffen. Die Ankerfeder ist dabei bevorzugt in der Hülse, die den Elektromagneten aufnimmt, gehalten beziehungsweise festgelegt. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, dass neben einer Befestigungsscheibe der Spulenkörper an seiner im Einbauzustand der Ankerfeder zugewandten Seite entsprechend ausgebildet ist, um die Ankerfeder festzulegen. Die Ausgestaltung eines so wirkenden Spulenkörpers wurde weiter vorn bereits beschrieben.According to the invention, it has been found that it is advantageous if the armature spring can be fixed in the sleeve by means of a fastening washer or by the coil former. This makes it possible to set the anchor spring with this mounting washer in the sleeve and at the same time to create a necessary space for the movement of the armature spring. The armature spring is preferably held or fixed in the sleeve, which accommodates the electromagnet. Of course, it is also possible that, in addition to a fixing plate, the bobbin is designed accordingly on its side facing the installed state of the armature spring in order to fix the armature spring. The design of such a coil former has already been described earlier.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung ist dadurch angegeben, dass die Hülse an ihrem ausgangsseitigen Rand eine Halterung aufweist. Diese Halterung kann beispielsweise als Abwinklung, Umbiegung, Abbördelung ausgebildet sein und beispielsweise den Rand komplett umgeben. Erfindungsgemäß ist es allerdings auch vorgesehen, wenn nur ein Teil des Umfanges der Hülse ausgangseitig diese Halterung aufweist. So kann beispielsweise dort eine gewisse Einschnürung oder Umbördelung vorgesehen sein, die ausreicht, um alle inneren Teile des Elektromagneten zu sichern.Another aspect of the invention is characterized in that the sleeve has a holder on its output side edge. This holder may be formed, for example, as an angling, bending, crimping and, for example, the edge completely surrounded. According to the invention, however, it is also provided if only part of the circumference of the sleeve on the output side has this holder. Thus, for example, there may be provided a certain constriction or beading, which is sufficient to secure all inner parts of the electromagnet.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es von Vorteil, wenn ein Zwischenraum
zwischen dem Spulenkörper beziehungsweise der Befestigungsscheibe und der Ankerfeder vorhanden ist. Dies wird durch die Erfindung geschickter Weise so gelöst, dass die Befestigungsscheibe beziehungsweise der Spulenkörper im Einbauzustand auf der zur Ankerfeder weisenden Seite einen Innenkonus aufweist. Dieser Innenkonus reicht aus, um den notwendigen Spielraum für die Bewegung der Ankerfeder während der Schaltvorgänge zu schaffen.As already mentioned, it is beneficial if a gap
is present between the bobbin or the mounting plate and the armature spring. This is solved by the invention skillful way so that the mounting plate or the bobbin in the installed state on the armature spring facing side has an inner cone. This inner cone is sufficient to provide the necessary space for the movement of the armature spring during the switching operations.

Nach der Erfindung ist es ebenfalls von Vorteil, wenn Ankerfeder und Anker eine gemeinsame Baugruppe des Elektromagneten bilden, die als Einheit von einer Seite der Hülse, nämlich von der Seite, die die Halterung nicht aufweist, in das Innere der Hülse einführbar ist. Man erhält sozusagen ein Modul für einen modulartigen Aufbau, indem man beispielsweise beim Montieren des Elektromagneten zunächst eine erste Baugruppe, in Form zum Beispiel eines Ventiloberteiles beziehungsweise eines Oberteiles eines Betätigungselementes in die Hülse einfügt. Durch die Halterung wird dieses ausgangsseitig fixiert. Als Nächstes führt man dann den Anker mit der Ankerfeder in die Hülse ein. Dann kann optional die Befestigungsscheibe oder aber der Spulenkörper eingefügt werden, je nachdem, wie die Ausgestaltung vorgesehen ist. Die restlichen Elemente Spulenkörper und Magnetkern werden anschließend montiert. Als Abschluss wird man bevorzugt eine Jochscheibe vorsehen, um den Elektromagneten beziehungsweise die Hülse oder das Gehäuse des Elektromagneten abzuschließen. Dadurch ist nun nicht mehr notwendig, den Elektromagneten während der Montage zu bewegen. Er kann in einer einmal gewählten Einbaustellung verbleiben. Die weiteren Komplettierungselemente lassen sich von der anderen Seite problemlos anfügen, ohne den Elektromagneten noch einmal bewegen, zum Beispiel drehen oder schwenken zu müssen. Selbstverständlich kann der nächste Komplettierungsschritt, beispielsweise die Komplettierung der Betätigungselemente beziehungsweise von Ventilen an dem Elektromagneten in einem weiteren Schritt erfolgen. Die Erfindung ist hier nicht irgendwie eingeschränkt.According to the invention, it is also advantageous if armature spring and armature form a common assembly of the electromagnet, which is insertable as a unit from one side of the sleeve, namely from the side which does not have the holder in the interior of the sleeve. One obtains, so to speak, a module for a modular construction, for example, by inserting a first assembly, in the form of, for example, a valve upper part or an upper part of an actuating element in the sleeve when mounting the electromagnet. By the holder this is fixed on the output side. Next, you then introduce the anchor with the anchor spring in the sleeve. Then optionally the mounting plate or the bobbin can be inserted, depending on how the design is provided. The remaining elements bobbin and magnetic core are then mounted. As a conclusion, it will be preferable to provide a yoke disc to complete the electromagnet or the sleeve or the housing of the electromagnet. As a result, it is no longer necessary to move the electromagnet during assembly. It can remain in a previously selected installation position. The other completion elements can be easily attached from the other side, without having to move the electromagnet again, for example, to rotate or pan. Of course, the next completion step, for example, the completion of the actuators or valves on the electromagnet can be done in a further step. The invention is not limited in any way here.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich des Weiteren auch dadurch aus, dass die Ankerfeder am Anker angeschweißt, aufgeklebt, angebördelt, angepresst oder aufgestemmt ist. Dies erleichtert natürlich die Montage im bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatz weiter und führt gleichzeitig dazu, dass man keine gesonderten Befestigungseinrichtungen oder Befestigungsmittel an dem Anker vorsehen muss. So ist es beispielsweise im Stand der Technik bekannt, den Anker mit entsprechenden Nuten zu versehen, um dort eine Ankerfeder einzuführen. Dies ist natürlich ein zusätzlicher Aufwand, der erfindungsgemäß jetzt entfällt. Bevorzugt ist als Befestigungsmaßnahme das Schweißen vorgesehen.The invention is further characterized by the fact that the armature spring is welded, glued, crimped, pressed or lashed to the anchor. This of course facilitates the assembly in the intended use further and at the same time means that you can not separate Fasteners or fasteners must provide on the anchor. For example, it is known in the prior art to provide the anchor with corresponding grooves in order to introduce an anchor spring there. Of course, this is an additional expense that is now eliminated according to the invention. Preferably, the welding is provided as a fastening measure.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es günstig, wenn die Ankerfeder im bestimmungsgemäßen Einbauzustand auf einem Gehäuseteil eines durch den Elektromagneten betätigbaren Ventils aufliegt. Von Vorteil ist es weiterhin, wenn der Anker zumindest teilweise in einen, von dem Spulenkörper zumindest teilweise umgebenen Ankerraum einsteht. Auch die Vorteile dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung wurden Eingangs bereits beleuchtet.As already mentioned, it is favorable when the armature spring rests in the intended installation state on a housing part of an actuatable by the solenoid valve. It is furthermore advantageous if the armature at least partially protrudes into an armature space at least partially surrounded by the coil former. The advantages of this embodiment according to the invention have already been illuminated at the beginning.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich auch dadurch aus, dass der Ankerraum zumindest einseitig von einem Magnetkern begrenzt ist. Dieser bildet den oberen Abschluß des Ankerraumes.The invention is also characterized in that the armature space is bounded on at least one side by a magnetic core. This forms the upper end of the anchor space.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist es auch vorgesehen, dass der Anker einseitig eine Einschnürung aufweist oder eine Ankerstange besitzt, die mit dem Dichtkörper eines Ventils zusammenzuwirken vermag. Natürlich ist es klar, dass die Elektromagneten, insbesondere der Elektromagnet nach der Erfindung, für bestimmte Schalt- oder Steuervorgänge verwendet werden. Dabei ist das Zusammenwirken beispielsweise mit einem Ventil von Vorteil. Der Anker ist an der Seite, an der er mit dem Ventil beispielsweise zusammenwirkt entsprechend ausgestaltet. Der Anker besitzt zum Beispiel eine konisch oder zylindrisch auslaufende endseitige Verjüngung beziehungsweise Einschnürung. Der Anker wirkt mit diesem Endbereich zum Beispiel zusammen mit einem aus elastischem Material bestehenden Dichtkörper, der zum Beispiel bei einer Ventilanwendung im Ventilkörper eine mediumführende Düse entsprechend der Ankerstellung freigibt oder verschließt. Durch die entsprechende Ausgestaltung des Ankerendbereiches wird das einfache aber zuverlässige Verbinden des Ankers mit dem Dichtkörper bei der Montage erheblich unterstützt und vereinfacht. Gleichzeitig wird eine dauerhaft funktionierende Verbindung hergestellt.According to the invention, it is also provided that the anchor has a constriction on one side or has an anchor rod which is able to cooperate with the sealing body of a valve. Of course, it is clear that the electromagnets, in particular the electromagnet according to the invention, are used for certain switching or control operations. The interaction is advantageous, for example, with a valve. The anchor is on the side where it cooperates with the valve, for example, designed accordingly. The anchor has, for example, a conically or cylindrically tapering end-side narrowing or constriction. The armature acts with this end portion, for example, together with a sealing body made of elastic material, which releases or closes, for example, in a valve application in the valve body a medium-carrying nozzle according to the anchor position. By the corresponding embodiment of the Ankerendbereiches is the simple but reliable connection of the armature with the sealing body during assembly significantly supported and simplified. At the same time a permanently functioning connection is made.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Ventil, insbesondere eine Pneumatikventil mit einem Elektromagneten, wie vorher beschrieben. Die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile des Elektromagneten werden demzufolge auch bei dem Ventil mit diesem Elektromagneten erhalten. So lässt sich die Bauart des Ventiles aufgrund des günstigeren Elektromagneten bezüglich der Schaltvorgänge und insbesondere des Gewichts in seiner Größe entsprechend optimieren.The invention also relates to a valve, in particular a pneumatic valve with an electromagnet, as previously described. The advantages of the electromagnet according to the invention are consequently also obtained in the valve with this electromagnet. Thus, the design of the valve due to the cheaper electromagnet with respect to the switching operations and in particular the weight in size optimize accordingly.

Ein Ventil, wie zuvor beschrieben zeichnet sich entsprechend einer Weiterbildung dadurch aus, dass zumindest ein Teil des Ventilgehäuses teilweise in der Hülse des Elektromagneten angeordnet ist. Der alternative Vorschlag sieht dabei vor, dass das Ventilgehäuse teilweise unterhalb der Hülse des Elektromagneten hervorsteht und selber eine abdichtende, geschlossene Oberfläche zur Verfügung stellt. Dies führt zu einer entsprechenden Einsparung von Material bei der Hülse, da das Ventilgehäuse selber ausreichend dicht und stabil ausgeführt ist.A valve as described above is characterized according to a development in that at least a part of the valve housing is partially disposed in the sleeve of the electromagnet. The alternative proposal provides that the valve housing protrudes partially below the sleeve of the electromagnet and itself provides a sealing, closed surface. This leads to a corresponding saving of material in the sleeve, since the valve housing itself is made sufficiently tight and stable.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen weiter beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1a
einen Schnitt durch einen Teil des erfindungsgemäßen Elektromagneten,
Fig. 1b
einen Schnitt durch den Anker des erfindungsgemäßen Elektromagneten mit angeordneter Ankerfeder,
Fig. 1c
in Draufsicht eine beispielhafte Ankerfeder nach der Erfindung
The invention will be further described by means of embodiments. It shows:
Fig. 1a
a section through a part of the electromagnet according to the invention,
Fig. 1b
a section through the armature of the electromagnet according to the invention with arranged armature spring,
Fig. 1c
in plan view an exemplary anchor spring according to the invention

In den Figuren sind gleiche oder einander entsprechende Elemente jeweils mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet und werden daher, sofern nicht zweckmäßig, nicht erneut beschrieben.In the figures, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and therefore, if not appropriate, will not be described again.

Die Figur 1a zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung durch einen Teil des Elektromagneten I nach der Erfindung. Mit dem Bezugszeichen II ist ein nicht näher beschriebenes Ventil, insbesondere ein Pneumatikventil, bezeichnet. Der Anker 1 ist zumindest teilweise von einem Spulenkörper 4 umgeben. Auf dem Spulenkörper 4 befindet sich eine Drahtwicklung 4.1. Der Anker 1 besitzt in seinem in den Spulenkörper 4 eintauchenden Bereich seinen größten Durchmesser d1. Außerhalb des Spulenkörpers schließt sich an dem Anker dann ein Bereich 1.2 (siehe Figur 1b) an, der eine im Verhältnis zu dem Durchmesser d1 kleineren Durchmesser d2 aufweist.The FIG. 1a shows a sectional view through a part of the electromagnet I according to the invention. Reference numeral II denotes a valve not described in detail, in particular a pneumatic valve. The armature 1 is at least partially surrounded by a bobbin 4. On the bobbin 4 is a wire winding 4.1. The armature 1 has in its immersed in the bobbin 4 area its largest diameter d1. Outside the bobbin then closes at the anchor then a range 1.2 (see FIG. 1b ), which has a smaller diameter d2 in relation to the diameter d1.

In Richtung des vorderen Endes des Ankers schließt sich dann ein konisch zusammenlaufender Bereich an, der in den spitzen Teil 1.3 des Ankers mündet. Der erfindungsgemäße Elektromagnet I ist von einer Hülse 3 umgeben. Diese Hülse 3 besitzt eine Verjüngung 3.1. Der Spulenkörper 4 reicht bis in den Bereich der Verjüngung, besitzt also einen entsprechend kleineren Durchmesser, die Wicklung auf dem Spulenkörper 4 beginnt ungefähr auf der Höhe der Verjüngung 3.1. Die Ankerfeder 2 ist als Flach- beziehungsweise Blattfeder ausgebildet, wie dies sowohl in der Figur 1a als auch in der Figur 1b zu sehen ist. Von Vorteil ist dabei eine mäanderförmige Ausgestaltung (siehe Fig. 1c). Die Ankerfeder 2 ist am Anker 1 an dessen Einschnürung 1.2 beziehungsweise an dem Absatz, der die Einschnürung bildet, befestigt. Vorzugsweise wird sie dort angeschweißt oder angeklebt oder anderweitig fest verbunden. Die Ankerfeder 2 zentriert dabei den Anker 1 in der Hülse 3.In the direction of the front end of the armature then joins a conically converging area, which opens into the pointed portion 1.3 of the armature. The electromagnet I according to the invention is surrounded by a sleeve 3. This sleeve 3 has a taper 3.1. The bobbin 4 extends into the region of the taper, so has a correspondingly smaller diameter, the winding on the bobbin 4 starts approximately at the height of the taper 3.1. The armature spring 2 is formed as a flat or leaf spring, as shown both in the FIG. 1a as well as in the FIG. 1b you can see. The advantage here is a meandering configuration (see Fig. 1c ). The armature spring 2 is attached to the anchor 1 at its constriction 1.2 or at the shoulder which forms the constriction. Preferably, it is welded or glued or otherwise fixed there connected. The armature spring 2 centers while the anchor 1 in the sleeve. 3

Im Durchmesser ist die Ankerfeder 2 so bemessen, dass sie dem Innendurchmesser d4 der Hülse 3 beziehungsweise dem Durchmesser der Verjüngung 3.1 der Hülse 3 entspricht. Dadurch ist der Anker 1 sowohl zentriert als auch festgelegt und insbesondere gelagert. Durch diese Ausgestaltung gelingt es, ein entsprechendes zusätzliches Lager einzusparen. Die Ankerfeder 2 ist nach der Erfindung beziehungsweise nach der hier gezeigten Ausführungsform der Figur 1a auf einem Gehäuseteil 7 eines durch den Elektromagneten I betätigbaren Ventils II aufgelegt. Dieses Gehäuseteil 7 ist so in der Hülse beziehungsweise in der Verjüngung der Hülse fixiert, dass es nicht herausrutschen kann. Dazu befindet es sich an dem abschließenden Rand der Hülse eine Halterung 3.2. Diese ist in der gezeigten Ausführungsform als Abbiegung beziehungsweise Umbördelung ausgeführt. Die Hülsen lassen sich dabei auch bevorzugt im Tiefziehverfahren problemlos entsprechend fertigen. Von Vorteil ist es auch, wenn die Halterung 3.2 den Rand der Hülse 3 nur teilweise umfasst. Dabei ist eine einseitige Halterung 3.2 genauso möglich, wie eine umlaufende.In diameter, the armature spring 2 is dimensioned such that it corresponds to the inner diameter d4 of the sleeve 3 or the diameter of the taper 3.1 of the sleeve 3. As a result, the armature 1 is both centered and fixed and in particular stored. By this configuration, it is possible to save a corresponding additional storage. The anchor spring 2 is according to the invention or according to the embodiment shown here FIG. 1a placed on a housing part 7 of an actuatable by the electromagnet I valve II. This housing part 7 is fixed in the sleeve or in the taper of the sleeve so that it can not slip out. For this purpose, it is at the final edge of the sleeve a bracket 3.2. This is executed in the embodiment shown as a turn or flanging. The sleeves can also be produced preferably without difficulty in the deep-drawing process. It is also advantageous if the holder 3.2 only partially surrounds the edge of the sleeve 3. Here, a one-sided bracket 3.2 is just as possible, as a circumferential.

Oberhalb der Ankerfeder 2 ist eine Befestigungsscheibe 6 gezeigt. Diese Befestigungsscheibe 6 ist dabei so ausgestaltet, dass notwendiger Spielraum für die Bewegung der Ankerfeder geschaffen ist. Dazu besitzt diese Befestigungsscheibe 6 einen Innenkonus 6.1. Der Anker 1 taucht zumindest teilweise in einem Ankerraum 11 ein. Mit dem Bezugszeichen d4 ist der Durchmesser der Hülse 3 an der Verjüngung 3.1 bezeichnet. d5 bezeichnet den Innendurchmesser der Hülse im rückseitigen, der Haltung 3.2 abgewandten Bereich. Von der Seite, von der aus die inneren Baugruppen in die Hülse 3 des Elektromagneten I eingeführt wurden, schließt eine Jochscheibe 8 den Elektromagneten ab und legt so alle inneren Bauteile fest. Figur 1b zeigt einen Anker 1 nach der Erfindung. An diesem Anker 1 ist an seiner Einschnürung 1.1 die Ankerfeder 2 festgelegt. Mit dem Bezugszeichen d1 ist der Durchmesser des Ankers in seinem oberen Bereich, mit dem er zwischen dem Spulenkörper 4 eintaucht, bezeichnet. d2 bezeichnet den Durchmesser des Ankers 1 an seiner Einschnürung. Mit 1.3 ist der nach vorn beziehungsweise zum Betätigungsglied hin auslaufende Teil des Elektromagneten 1.3 bezeichnet.Above the armature spring 2, a fastening washer 6 is shown. This mounting plate 6 is designed so that the necessary clearance for the movement of the armature spring is created. For this purpose, this mounting plate 6 has an inner cone 6.1. The anchor 1 is at least partially immersed in an armature space 11. By the reference numeral d4, the diameter of the sleeve 3 is designated at the taper 3.1. d5 denotes the inner diameter of the sleeve in the rear, the attitude 3.2 facing away area. From the side from which the inner assemblies have been inserted into the sleeve 3 of the electromagnet I, a yoke disc 8 closes off the electromagnet and thus fixes all internal components. FIG. 1b shows an anchor 1 according to the invention. At this anchor 1, the armature spring 2 is set at its constriction 1.1. By the reference numeral d1, the diameter of the armature in its upper region, with which it dips between the bobbin 4, designated. d2 denotes the diameter of the armature 1 at its constriction. With 1.3 of the forward or towards the actuator expiring part of the electromagnet 1.3 is designated.

Gattungsgemäße elektromagnetisch betätigbare Ventile, oftmals auch als Magnetventil bezeichnet, sind im Stand der Technik hinlänglich bekannt. Sie dienen zur Steuerung eines Medienflusses, zum Beispiel als Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikventil. Es sind hierzu die unterschiedlichsten Bauformen bekannt, zum Beispiel 2/2-Wegeventile oder 3/2-Wegeventile, die sowohl als Schaltventile, wie auch als Proportionalventile realisiert sind.Generic electromagnetically operable valves, often referred to as a solenoid valve, are well known in the art. They serve to control a media flow, for example as a hydraulic or pneumatic valve. There are a variety of designs known for this purpose, for example, 2/2-way valves or 3/2-way valves, which are realized both as switching valves, as well as proportional valves.

Die Fig. 1c zeigt in Draufsicht eine Ausführungsform der Ankerfeder 2 nach der Erfindung. Die Ankerfeder ist dabei als Flachfeder ausgeführt und weist mäanderförmige Ausnehmungen 2.1 auf. Auf die weiter vorn beschriebenen Vorteile einer so ausgebildeten Ankerfeder 2 wird ausdrücklich Bezug genommen. Im Zentrum der Ankerfeder 2 ist eine Bohrung 2.2 vorgesehen. Diese dient der Aufnahme eines Teils des Ankers 1, zum Beispiel des Bereiches 1.2 des Ankers.The Fig. 1c shows in plan view an embodiment of the armature spring 2 according to the invention. The armature spring is designed as a flat spring and has meandering recesses 2.1. On the above-described advantages of an anchor spring 2 thus formed is expressly incorporated by reference. In the center of the armature spring 2, a bore 2.2 is provided. This serves to accommodate a part of the armature 1, for example, the area 1.2 of the armature.

Claims (14)

  1. Electromagnet, consisting of an armature arranged in a sleeve, a coil body with a wire winding that can be loaded with current and encircling the armature at least partly, and an armature spring that moves the armature, when not loaded with current, back in its starting position, wherein the armature spring (2) is designed as flat spring and attached to the armature (1), characterized in that the outer diameter (d3) of the armature spring (2) corresponds with the inner diameter (d4) of the sleeve (3), or the sleeve (3) tapers (3.1) on one side and the outer diameter (d3) of the armature spring (2) corresponds with the inner diameter of the tapering (3.1).
  2. Electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized by a meandering, preferably dish-shaped and/or leaf-shaped design of the armature spring (2).
  3. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature spring (2) guides, supports, and/or centers the armature (1) radially in the sleeve (3), and/or the armature spring (2) encircles the armature circularly or disc-shaped.
  4. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature spring (2) is movable in axial direction of the armature (1), and/or is in contact with or seals the interior edge of the sleeve (3) or the tapering (3.1).
  5. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (1) shows a constriction (1.2), and the armature spring (2) is defined at the edge (1.1) of the constriction (1.2), and/or the ratio of the outer diameter of the armature (1) at its constriction (1.2) to the outer diameter (d3) of the armature spring (2) is between 1 to 2.8 until 1 to 3.8, preferably 1 to 3.1.
  6. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter (d3) of the armature spring (2) to the diameter (d1) of the armature is more than 1.3, in particular more than 1.5, preferably more than 1.8, and/or the ratio of the axial extension of the armature (1) to its armature diameter (d3) is more than 1, in particular more than 2, preferably more than 2.5.
  7. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature spring (2) is held or defined in the sleeve (3) holding the electromagnet (I), and/or the armature spring (2) can be defined by means of a fixing disc (6) or through the coil body (4) in the sleeve, and/or the sleeve (3) has a mount (3.2) at its edge on the side of the outlet.
  8. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing disc (6) or the coil body (4), when installed, show an internal cone (6.1) on the side facing the armature spring (2), and/or the armature spring (2) and armature (1) together form a common assembly of the electromagnet (I) that can be inserted as unit in the interior of the sleeve from one side of the sleeve (3).
  9. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature spring (2) is welded, glued, flanged, pressed, or caulked to the armature (1), and/or the armature spring (2), when installed as intended, is supported on a housing part (7) of a valve (II) that can be actuated by the electromagnet (I).
  10. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (1) projects at least partly in an armature chamber (11) encircled by the coil body (4), and/or the armature chamber (11) is limited at least on one side by a magnetic core (8).
  11. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (1) shows on one side a constriction (1.2) or an armature rod (1.3) interacting with a sealing body of a valve (II).
  12. Electromagnet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a yoke disc seals the sleeve (3) of the electromagnet (I), and defines the inner assemblies of the electromagnet (I).
  13. Valve, in particular pneumatic valve with an electromagnet (I) according to one of the preceding claims.
  14. Valve according to claim 13, characterized in that at least a part of the valve housing is arranged partially in the sleeve (3) of the electromagnet (I).
EP11191584.9A 2011-12-01 2011-12-01 Electromagnet Active EP2600360B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11191584.9A EP2600360B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2011-12-01 Electromagnet

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11191584.9A EP2600360B1 (en) 2011-12-01 2011-12-01 Electromagnet

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EP2600360B1 true EP2600360B1 (en) 2017-04-12

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU176326U1 (en) * 2017-10-17 2018-01-17 Акционерное общество "Концерн "Научно-производственное объединение "Аврора" ELECTROMAGNET
CN113517109B (en) * 2021-07-04 2023-02-03 西安庆安电气控制有限责任公司 Linear bearing guiding and stroke-adjustable electromagnet

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1536169B1 (en) * 2003-11-29 2008-11-05 Asco Joucomatic GmbH Electromagnetic valve
EP1970610B1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2010-05-26 Asco Joucomatic GmbH Device for regulating a fluid or gaseous medium
DE102007059054A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-10 Eks Elektromagnetik Gmbh Electromagnetic control device for use as electromagnetically operated pneumatic or hydraulic valve, has armature unit non-detachably connected with stationary magnetically retaining ring with valve closing element over spring element

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