EP2582869B1 - Household appliance, in particular a washing machine having a stationary detergent tank - Google Patents
Household appliance, in particular a washing machine having a stationary detergent tank Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2582869B1 EP2582869B1 EP11724189.3A EP11724189A EP2582869B1 EP 2582869 B1 EP2582869 B1 EP 2582869B1 EP 11724189 A EP11724189 A EP 11724189A EP 2582869 B1 EP2582869 B1 EP 2582869B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stator
- rotor
- household appliance
- control device
- magnet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F34/08—Control circuits or arrangements thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
- D06F37/20—Mountings, e.g. resilient mountings, for the rotary receptacle, motor, tub or casing; Preventing or damping vibrations
- D06F37/206—Mounting of motor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
- D06F37/30—Driving arrangementsĀ
- D06F37/304—Arrangements or adaptations of electric motors
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
- D06F58/02—Domestic laundry dryers having dryer drums rotating about a horizontal axis
- D06F58/04—DetailsĀ
- D06F58/08—Driving arrangements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F2103/44—Current or voltage
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F2105/46—Drum speed; Actuation of motors, e.g. starting or interrupting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a household appliance, which has a rotatable component and a drive motor for driving the component, as well as a control device for driving the drive motor.
- the drive motor comprises a stator with a first magnet arrangement and a rotor coupled with the component with a second magnet arrangement.
- the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator, namely by interaction of magnetic fields generated by the magnet arrangements.
- the invention also relates to a method for operating a household appliance.
- a washing machine with a tub firmly connected to a housing.
- a washing machine is for example from the document EP 1 433 890 A2 known.
- the tub can be formed with respect to conventional washing machines enlarged dimensions.
- the tub is rigidly connected to the housing.
- a laundry drum is rotatably mounted, namely by means of a shaft.
- the axis of rotation of the laundry drum can be arranged horizontally or slightly inclined in the washing machine.
- the shaft is coupled to the rotor of a drive motor, the stator of which is held on a support part.
- the support member closes the tub on a back; It is connected via an elastic seal with the tub. So the laundry drum is supported on the support member, namely by mediation of the shaft.
- a household appliance in the form of a washing machine with a rotatably arranged in a tub drum comprises, for driving the drum, a drive motor which is preferably controlled by a frequency converter and which has a stator with a first magnetic field arrangement and a rotor indirectly coupled to the drum with a second magnetic field arrangement.
- the magnetic field arrangements are arranged along the axis of rotation with an axial gap spaced from each other.
- a domestic appliance is to be created in which the spatial position, in particular in the axial and / or radial direction, of a rotatable component of the household appliance is as simply as possible adjustable or controllable.
- An inventive household appliance comprises a rotatable component, a drive motor for driving the component, as well as a control device for driving the drive motor.
- the drive motor has a stator with a first magnet arrangement and a rotor coupled to the component with a second magnet arrangement.
- the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator about an axis of rotation.
- the magnet arrangements are arranged spaced apart from one another along the rotation axis, so that an axial gap is formed between the magnet arrangements.
- control device is designed to generate a direct component of this magnetic field greater than zero when controlling a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the first and / or second magnetic field arrangement, in particular the magnet arrangement of the stator.
- This coaxial arrangement thus arises solely on the basis of the magnetic fields of the magnet arrangements. This may, for example, be such that a predetermined pattern for the energization of the winding of the stator-that is, the rotating field produced-is superimposed with an additional constant magnetic field for all phase strands (offset).
- the effect of the invention is achieved in that the first and the second magnet arrangement are arranged opposite each other in the axial direction side by side and thus form a gap between each other.
- the electromagnetic fields and forces in the drive motor of the household appliance according to the invention form substantially in the axial direction.
- Such a drive motor allows a variable and precise adjustment the torque required for the respective size or power level of the household appliance.
- such a drive motor offers the advantage that the torque or the power density of the drive motor can be set variably without much effort.
- the gap between the magnet arrangements can be formed differently wide; if this gap is very small, a higher torque is transferable than with a larger gap.
- Such an embodiment of the drive motor By such an embodiment of the drive motor, this can also be easily adapted to the available space.
- Such a drive motor also takes up less space than conventional drive motors and can be optimally adapted to the spatial installation conditions of a variety of household appliances.
- a significant advantage of the household appliance according to the invention is that a radial movement of the rotor or the stator can be allowed without there being a risk of damage to the drive motor by a stop. It is particularly advantageous that not only the axial gap can be made variable, but on the power density of the drive motor or a variable torque, the position of the rotor of the motor can be influenced in its other spatial directions.
- Such an axial arrangement of the two magnet arrangements to each other thus also allows an active radial adjustment of the axis of rotation of the rotor relative to the stator, which proves to be particularly advantageous in a washing machine.
- a coaxial arrangement of the rotor with respect to the stator can be achieved.
- the position of the rotor can be adjusted and / or vibrations or imbalances of the rotatable component can be actively compensated by corresponding control of the distribution of the magnetic fields.
- a washing machine can thus be largely or even completely compensate for the decrease of the laundry drum relative to the tub.
- the stator and the rotor can be mechanically completely decoupled from each other, so that a lateral movement - ie a movement in the radial direction - of these components against each other is possible.
- the stator and the rotor thus preferably have a freedom of movement or clearance in the radial direction.
- the household appliance is preferably a device for the care of laundry items, namely for example a washing machine, a tumble dryer or a washer-dryer. It is preferably a laundry drum of the household appliance, which is driven as a rotatable component by means of the drive motor.
- a washing machine a tumble dryer or a washer-dryer.
- the stator can be attached to a housing of the household appliance or on a fixedly connected to the housing tub while the rotor attached to the laundry drum or can be coupled with this.
- the household appliance may have a tub firmly connected to a housing.
- the tub is immobile or immovably connected to the housing and thus can not move relative to the housing.
- the stator may be disposed on the tub or on the housing.
- the position of the laundry drum can thus be advantageously adjusted independently of the weight of the laundry items to a central position within the tub.
- the distance between the washing drum and the tub can be reduced. It thus becomes possible to minimize the amount of "dead liquor", that is, the amount of wash liquor which is not in contact with the laundry.
- the disks or annular disks are preferably arranged concentrically to one another in an unloaded state of the rotatable component. They are preferably mechanically decoupled from each other and have a lateral freedom of movement to each other.
- the magnet arrangements preferably each have a multiplicity of pole shoes on mutually facing sides. The axial distance between the magnet arrangements may, for example, be in a value range of 1 mm to 100 mm.
- the drive motor may be, for example, a brushless DC motor or a permanent magnet synchronous motor. It is preferably the rotor that carries permanent magnets - then the magnet assembly of the rotor includes the permanent magnets.
- the magnet arrangement of the stator can have a winding. This winding can have at least two phase strands, preferably three phase strands. These phase strings can be energized, for example, via an inverter; then the inverter provides one AC voltage for each phase string.
- the inverter can be electrically coupled to an electrical DC link and provide the respective AC voltages from a DC link voltage. Such a DC link voltage may, for example, be applied to a DC link capacitor.
- the inverter - and more specifically electrical switch of the inverter - can be controlled by the controller.
- the controller may control the frequency and / or the amplitude of the AC voltages.
- the drive motor can also be designed differently.
- both magnetic field arrangements of the drive motor may have windings or the magnetic field arrangement of the stator includes the permanent magnets and the magnetic field arrangement of the rotor includes the windings.
- the control device can detect at least one electrical measured variable of the drive motor.
- the control device detects such an electrical measured variable which describes an induction taking place in at least one phase strand of the stator.
- a measured variable is preferably detected, which is correlated with an electrical voltage induced in at least one phase strand of the stator by the change in the magnetic flux of the rotor.
- the control device can detect an electrical voltage as a measured variable which is induced in a phase strand which is currently not actively energized.
- the control device in at least one phase strand - preferably in all phase strands - detect an electrical string current.
- the measurement of such a measured variable has the advantage that the control device can close back to the dynamic movement behavior of the rotatable component. For example, thus an imbalance of the rotatable component can be detected and optionally compensated by the control device, namely by appropriate control of the distribution of the magnetic field of the stator.
- the control device can, for example, determine the respectively instantaneous radial and / or axial position of the rotor relative to the stator as a function of measured values for the detected measured variable.
- the magnet arrangements of the drive motor are used as sensors for determining the position of the rotor; the drive motor can do without additional position sensors for the determination of the radial and / or axial position of the rotor. If the respective instantaneous position of the rotor relative to the stator is known, the control device can compensate for any deflections of the rotor from a desired position by appropriate control of the distribution of the magnetic field, in particular by appropriate control of the three-phase current in the winding of the stator. Thus, a stable movement behavior of the rotatable component can be achieved.
- the control device may also infer an amplitude and / or a frequency and / or a phase of a deflection of the rotational axis of the rotor with respect to a reference axis.
- the reference axis is preferably that axis which coincides with the actual axis of rotation when the rotatable component is stationary or, in the case of an unloaded component.
- the reference axis is thus preferably by the position of the stator established. If the stator comprises a disk or annular disk which carries the magnet arrangement of the stator, then the reference axis can pass through a center or a center of the disk or the annular disk and perpendicular thereto.
- the control device determines the amplitude and / or frequency and / or the phase of the deflection of the rotational axis of the rotatable component, it can counteract this deflection, namely by appropriate adjustment of the amplitude and / or the frequency and / or the phase of the rotating field of the stator.
- the determination of an imbalance of the rotatable component takes place; This again turns out to be particularly advantageous in the case of a laundry drum of a domestic appliance for the care of items of laundry.
- the control device can namely compensate for the unbalance, so that overall a stable movement behavior of the laundry drum and thus also a safe operation of the household appliance can be achieved.
- the laundry items located in the laundry drum are mechanically less stressed, and it also increases the life and the life of the household appliance.
- control device regulates a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement of the stator according to a specification, namely as a function of measured values for the detected measured variable - for example, depending on measured values for the induced voltage and / or Measured values for the phase current.
- a regulation can in fact be such or the specification may include that the amplitude of the deflection of the axis of rotation of the rotor with respect to the reference axis remains below a predetermined limit. It is thus possible, with a vibrating system - such as a laundry drum - to cut a portion of the vibration amplitude.
- the specification for the regulation includes that the axis of rotation of the rotor coincides with the reference axis.
- the regulation can be made in view of the fact that the magnet arrangement of the rotor and that of the stator are arranged coaxially with each other.
- a regulation always ensures an optimal position of the rotatable component in the household appliance.
- a digital spring and / or damper characteristic for the rotatable component can be predetermined.
- the control device can then be designed to set the predetermined spring and / or damper characteristic curve for the component by appropriately controlling a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement of the stator.
- This embodiment is based on the recognition that the magnet arrangements of the stator on the one hand and the rotor on the other hand form a total of a spring or damper system whose elasticity can be set arbitrarily by the control device. This can in fact be done by a corresponding adjustment of the distribution of the rotating field, so for example by appropriate energization of the winding of the stator.
- the actual physical spring-damper characteristic of a spring damper arrangement of the household appliance can be supplemented with the virtual spring and / or damper characteristic generated by the drive motor.
- the actual spring-damper characteristic can be adjusted according to the situation and demand, namely, depending on the currently prevailing operating conditions.
- the control device for example, depending on the amplitude of the deflection of the axis of rotation with respect to the reference axis - ie stroke-dependent - spring and / or damper characteristic and / or dependent on a loading of the rotatable component spring and / or damper characteristic and / or one of a Speed of the component dependent spring and / or damper characteristic for the rotatable component can be specified.
- the stroke-dependent spring and / or damper characteristic may be, for example, a progressive characteristic.
- a load-dependent spring and / or damper characteristic curve ensures an always optimal suspension and / or damping of the movement of the rotatable component, regardless of the respective instantaneous loading or loading of the component.
- the desired spring constant and / or damper constant can each be set for different engine speed values; This is particularly advantageous with regard to a spin operation of washing machines.
- a stroke-dependent - in particular a progressive - characteristic vibration peaks can be avoided, and the risk of a stop of the system can be reduced to a minimum.
- a household appliance in which an always stable movement behavior of the rotatable component can be achieved regardless of their load.
- a household appliance for the care of laundry such as a washing machine - especially with a fixed tub - can be achieved by the axial arrangement of the stator and the rotor relative to each other, a coaxially independent of the current load system running.
- the control device can actively influence the dynamic behavior of the household appliance, in particular under the influence of imbalances and changing loads.
- a rotatable component of the household appliance is driven by a drive motor.
- a control device controls the drive motor.
- the drive motor has a stator with a first magnet arrangement and a rotor coupled to the component with a second magnet arrangement.
- the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator about an axis of rotation.
- the magnet arrangements are arranged spaced apart from one another along the rotation axis, so that an axial gap is formed between the magnet arrangements.
- a DC component of this magnetic field is generated greater than zero.
- the drive motor 1 is a brushless DC motor or a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
- the drive motor 1 comprises a Stator 2, as well as a rotor 3.
- the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are arranged coaxially with each other, and the rotor 3 is located inside the stator 2 and the stator 2 surrounds the rotor 3.
- the rotor 3 has permanent magnets 4, the are arranged distributed on a radial outer side of the rotor 3 in the circumferential direction in alternating polarity.
- the stator 2 has at its radially inner side electromagnets 5, which are formed by a winding with a plurality of phase strands, for example with three phase strands.
- a domestic appliance 6 is shown.
- the household appliance 6 is a device for the care of laundry.
- the household appliance 6 is a washing machine. It comprises a cuboidal housing 7, in which a passage opening 8 is formed, through which laundry items can be introduced into the household appliance 6.
- the passage opening 8 can be closed in a conventional manner by means of a door.
- the household appliance 6 also includes a tub 9, which is fixed or rigidly connected to the housing 7. The tub 9 can thus not move relative to the housing 7.
- On a rear side 10 of the tub 9 is closed by means of a support member 11 which is connected to the tub 9 through the intermediary of an elastic seal 12.
- the support member 11 is connected via a spring assembly 13 with an upper wall 14 of the housing 7; it is supported via a damper assembly 15 on a bottom 16 of the housing 7.
- the spring assembly 13 may in principle have any number of springs; the damper assembly 15 may include any number of dampers, as well as dampers of different types. The position of the spring and damper assembly 13, 15 may vary depending on the design. Likewise, the springs may be integrated in the damper assembly.
- a laundry drum 17 is rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis of rotation, wherein in alternative embodiments, the axis of rotation may also be arranged inclined.
- a shaft 18 fixedly connected to the laundry drum 17 connects the laundry drum 17 to a rotor 19 of a drive motor 20.
- the drive motor 20 also has a stator 21.
- the shaft 18 extends through a through opening of the support member 11 and is supported on this support member 11, namely for example via a ball bearing.
- the laundry drum 17, as well as the rotor 19 are rotatable about a rotation axis S. If the laundry drum 17 is loaded with items of laundry, a force acts on the laundry drum 17 due to the weight of the items of laundry. This force causes a sinking of the laundry drum 17 together with the rotor 19, as well as the support member 11.
- the laundry drum 17 decreases relative to the tub 7, and the rotor 19 shifts radially relative to the stator 21.
- the rotor 19 and the stator 21 are namely mechanically decoupled from each other and thus not mechanically centered.
- the axis of rotation S then shifts downward, namely relative to the in Fig. 2 illustrated rotation axis S. In the in Fig.
- the spring and damper assembly 13, 15 may be tuned such that the in Fig. 2 As shown starting position, ie the coaxial position of the rotor 19 and stator 21, only with an average amount or a household average amount of laundry items loaded laundry drum is achieved. It is advantageous that only in the event of an active control to achieve the coaxial position of the rotor 19 and stator 21 must be made when the amount of laundry items deviates from the average or household standard amount of laundry. Here by the loads of the components can be reduced.
- the drive motor 20 is designed such that the rotor 19 and the stator 21 along the axis of rotation S are arranged spaced from each other. This means that between the rotor 19 and the stator 21, an axial air gap 22 is formed. This air gap 22 is free of components.
- the stator 21 In the illustrated starting position of the laundry drum 17, the stator 21 is arranged parallel to the rotor 19, and a lateral movement of the rotor 19 with respect to the stator 21 is permitted. In such an axial arrangement of the rotor 19 and the stator 21 relative to each other due to the lateral freedom of movement, the risk of a stop or a shock of the rotor 19 against the stator 21 in a deflection of the laundry drum 17 is excluded.
- stator 21 may be disposed on the fixed tub 9, namely in particular on a radial projection 23 of the tub 9. So the stator 21 may be disposed either on the housing 7 or on the tub 9.
- the rotor 19 can also be arranged, for example, directly on the laundry drum 17-namely on a rear wall of the laundry drum 17.
- the rotor 19 has a magnet arrangement 24, and the stator 21 likewise has a magnet arrangement 25.
- the magnet assemblies 24, 25 each have axially oriented pole pieces which face each other. So the magnet assemblies 24, 25 face each other.
- the magnet assembly 24 of the rotor 19 includes a plurality of permanent magnets, which are arranged distributed on a stator 21 facing the end face 26 of the rotor 19 in alternating polarity, namely, for example, along a ring.
- the magnet assembly 25 of the stator 21 comprises a plurality of electromagnets, which are formed by a winding with, for example, three phase strands.
- the electromagnets are also arranged on a rotor 19 facing the end face 27 of the stator 21. They can also be arranged along a ring.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B show an exemplary embodiment of the drive motor 20 including the rotor 19 and the stator 21.
- the rotor 19 and the stator 21 each comprise an annular disc 28 or 29, on which the associated magnet arrangement 24 or 25 is arranged.
- the annular discs 28, 29 are arranged coaxially with each other, so that the respective centers of the annular discs 28, 29 lie on the reference axis S '.
- phase strands of the rotor 21 can be energized simultaneously - namely with a direct current - so that centering forces according to the Arrow depiction P1, P2 arise.
- the rotor 19 is moved back to its original position, so that the axis of rotation S coincides with the reference axis S '.
- Such a coaxial arrangement of the rotor 19 relative to the stator 21 can also be maintained during the entire operation of the household appliance 6;
- the rotating field of the magnet assembly 25 of the stator 21 can be superimposed with a DC component (offset), which then ensures the coaxial arrangement.
- the magnet arrangement 25 of the stator 21 in the exemplary embodiment comprises three phase strings 30, 31, 32 which are electrically coupled to an inverter or inverter 33.
- Inverter 33 provides an alternating electrical voltage for each phase string 30, 31, 32.
- the inverter 33 generates these AC voltages by means of suitable switches, in particular by means of transistors.
- the inverter 33 is driven by a control device 34, which is a microcontroller in the embodiment.
- the inverter 33 is coupled to an electrical intermediate circuit 35, which has an intermediate circuit capacitor 36.
- At the DC link capacitor 36 is a DC link DC voltage U Z on. From this DC link voltage U Z , the inverter 33 generates the AC voltage for the phase strands 30, 31, 32nd
- the household appliance 6 has two electrical connections 37, 38, namely a phase connection and a zero connection.
- the terminals 37, 38 are electrically coupled to a rectifier and line filter 39.
- the rectifier 39 generates the DC link voltage U Z from an AC supply voltage U V , which is applied between the terminals 37, 38.
- the DC link voltage U Z is provided between a circuit node 40 and a reference potential 41. Between the circuit node 40 and the reference potential 41 and the intermediate circuit capacitor 36 is connected.
- Parallel to the intermediate circuit capacitor 36 is also a voltage divider 42 having a first and a second ohmic resistor 43, 44. A lying between the resistors 43, 44 tap node 45 is connected to a supply terminal of the control device 34.
- the voltage divider 42 thus divides the DC link voltage U Z , and the controller 34 is supplied with the divided DC voltage.
- the inverter 33 - and more particularly its transistors - is coupled on the one hand to the circuit node 40 and on the other hand via three measuring resistors 46, 47, 48 to the reference potential 41.
- the control device 34 detects phase currents I 30 , I 31 , I 32 , which flow through the phase strands 30, 31, 32.
- the control device 34 is coupled to three nodes 49, 50, 51 which respectively lie between one of the measuring resistors 46, 47, 48 and the inverter 33.
- the controller 34 may also detect respective electrical voltages induced in the phase strands 30, 31, 32 due to the magnetic flux of the magnet assembly 24 of the rotor 19. Both the phase currents I 30 , I 31 , I 32 , as well as the measured induced voltages represent electrical variables of the drive motor 20, which are detected by the control device 34.
- control device 34 can control the current flow through the phase strands 30, 31, 32 or the distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement 25 of the stator 21 in such a way that a coaxial arrangement of the rotor 19 relative to the stator 21 given is. This may, for example, be such that the control device 34 generates a direct component in the rotating field generated by the phase strands 30, 31, 32, by which means the centering forces are generated.
- phase currents I 30 , I 31 , I 32 , and / or depending on measured values for the induced voltages - in particular depending on one in the each current not energized phase strand 30, 31, 32 induced voltage - determines the controller 34, the respective current radial and / or axial position of the rotor 19 relative to the stator 21 and the position of the rotation axis S relative to the reference axis S '. This can be determined by the control device 34 on the basis of the measured values, because the electrical measured variables mentioned depend directly on the extent of induction due to the magnetic flux of the magnet arrangement 24 of the rotor 19.
- control device 34 determine the respective instantaneous position of the rotor 19 with respect to the stator 21.
- the control device 34 can thus detect an imbalance of the laundry drum 17. It can be provided that the control device 34 determines an amplitude and / or a phase and / or a frequency of a deflection of the rotation axis S with respect to the reference axis S 'as a function of measured values for the above measured variable - such a deflection is for example in the FIGS. 4A and 4B shown.
- the control device 34 can then counteract this deflection, namely by appropriate control of the inverter 33.
- the control device 34 can also regulate the movement behavior of the laundry drum 17 in dependence on the detected measured values with regard to the fact that the rotation axis S coincides with the reference axis S '. Then, the laundry drum 17 always remains in the optimum position, so that the mechanical components of the household appliance 6 - in particular the storage - can be spared.
- the magnet arrangement 24 of the rotor 19 and that of the stator 21 form a total of a spring or damper system.
- the control device 34 also change the elasticity of such a spring and damper system beyond.
- the elasticity can adjust the control device 34 while changing the rotating field of the magnet arrangement 25 or changing the currents I 30 , I 31 , I 32 .
- the control device 34 namely, in a memory-characteristic curves can be stored or predetermined in this regard, which make it possible to set different degrees of elasticity of the spring system formed by the rotor 19 and the stator 21.
- degrees of elasticity may depend on a current speed of the drive motor 20 and / or in response to a current load of the laundry drum 17 and / or in response to an amplitude of the deflection of the rotation axis S. can be varied with respect to the reference axis S '.
- 34 load-dependent and / or speed-dependent and / or stroke-dependent spring and damper characteristics may be predetermined in the control device, according to which the control device 34 controls the rotating field of the magnet assembly 25.
- the instantaneous elasticity of such a spring and damper system from the rotor 19 and the stator 21 can also be controlled by the control device 34, namely as a function of the detected measured values.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein HaushaltsgerƤt, welches eine drehbare Komponente und einen Antriebsmotor zum Antreiben der Komponente aufweist, wie auch eine Steuereinrichtung zum Ansteuern des Antriebsmotors. Der Antriebsmotor umfasst einen Stator mit einer ersten Magnetanordnung und einen mit der Komponente gekoppelten Rotor mit einer zweiten Magnetanordnung. Der Rotor ist relativ zum Stator drehbar, nƤmlich durch Zusammenwirken von durch die Magnetanordnungen erzeugten Magnetfeldern. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines HaushaltsgerƤtes.The invention relates to a household appliance, which has a rotatable component and a drive motor for driving the component, as well as a control device for driving the drive motor. The drive motor comprises a stator with a first magnet arrangement and a rotor coupled with the component with a second magnet arrangement. The rotor is rotatable relative to the stator, namely by interaction of magnetic fields generated by the magnet arrangements. The invention also relates to a method for operating a household appliance.
Es geht vorliegend bevorzugt um eine Waschmaschine mit einem fest mit einem GehƤuse verbundenen LaugenbehƤlter. Eine solche Waschmaschine ist beispielsweise aus der Druckschrift
Es ist im Gegenstand gemĆ¤Ć Druckschrift
Ferner ist aus
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein gegenĆ¼ber dem Stand der Technik verbessertes HaushaltsgerƤt der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen. Insbesondere soll ein HaushaltsgerƤt geschaffen werden, bei dem die rƤumliche Lage, insbesondere in axialer und/oder radialer Richtung, einer drehbaren Komponente des HaushaltsgerƤts mƶglichst einfach einstellbar bzw. regelbar ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a comparison with the prior art improved household appliance of the type mentioned. In particular, a domestic appliance is to be created in which the spatial position, in particular in the axial and / or radial direction, of a rotatable component of the household appliance is as simply as possible adjustable or controllable.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemĆ¤Ć durch ein HaushaltsgerƤt mit den Merkmalen gemĆ¤Ć Patentanspruch 1 gelƶst, wie auch durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 13. Vorteilhafte AusfĆ¼hrungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhƤngigen PatentansprĆ¼che und der Beschreibung.This object is achieved by a household appliance with the features according to
Ein erfindungsgemƤĆes HaushaltsgerƤt umfasst eine drehbare Komponente, einen Antriebsmotor zum Antreiben der Komponente, wie auch eine Steuereinrichtung zum Ansteuern des Antriebsmotors. Der Antriebsmotor weist einen Stator mit einer ersten Magnetanordnung und einen mit der Komponente gekoppelten Rotor mit einer zweiten Magnetanordnung auf. Durch Zusammenwirken von durch die Magnetanordnungen erzeugten Magnetfeldern ist der Rotor relativ zum Stator um eine Drehachse drehbar. ErfindungsgemĆ¤Ć sind die Magnetanordnungen entlang der Drehachse beabstandet zueinander angeordnet, so dass zwischen den Magnetanordnungen ein axialer Spalt ausgebildet ist.An inventive household appliance comprises a rotatable component, a drive motor for driving the component, as well as a control device for driving the drive motor. The drive motor has a stator with a first magnet arrangement and a rotor coupled to the component with a second magnet arrangement. By interaction of magnetic fields generated by the magnet assemblies, the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator about an axis of rotation. According to the invention, the magnet arrangements are arranged spaced apart from one another along the rotation axis, so that an axial gap is formed between the magnet arrangements.
Ferner ist die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgelegt, bei einer Steuerung einer Verteilung des durch die erste und/oder zweite Magnetfeldanordnung, insbesondere die Magnetanordnung des Stators, erzeugten Magnetfeldes einen Gleichanteil dieses Magnetfelds grƶĆer als Null zu erzeugen. Auf diesem Wege gelingt es, im Betrieb des HaushaltsgerƤtes eine koaxiale Anordnung des Rotors bezĆ¼glich des Stators bzw. der Magnetanordnung zueinander zu erreichen. Diese koaxiale Anordnung stellt sich also alleine aufgrund der Magnetfelder der Magnetanordnungen. Dies kann beispielsweise so aussehen, dass ein vorgegebenes Muster fĆ¼r die Bestromung der Wicklung des Stators - also das erzeugte Drehfeld - mit einem zusƤtzlichen konstanten Magnetfeld fĆ¼r alle PhasenstrƤnge (Offset) Ć¼berlagert wird.Furthermore, the control device is designed to generate a direct component of this magnetic field greater than zero when controlling a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the first and / or second magnetic field arrangement, in particular the magnet arrangement of the stator. In this way, it is possible to achieve a coaxial arrangement of the rotor with respect to the stator or the magnet arrangement to one another during operation of the household appliance. This coaxial arrangement thus arises solely on the basis of the magnetic fields of the magnet arrangements. This may, for example, be such that a predetermined pattern for the energization of the winding of the stator-that is, the rotating field produced-is superimposed with an additional constant magnetic field for all phase strands (offset).
Also wird der erfindungsgemƤĆe Effekt dadurch erzielt, dass die erste und die zweite Magnetanordnung gegenĆ¼berliegend in axialer Richtung nebeneinander angeordnet sind und somit einen Spalt zwischen einander ausbilden. Im Gegensatz zu herkƶmmlichen elektrischen Maschinen, bei denen die elektromagnetischen Felder bzw. KrƤfte in radialer Richtung wirken, bilden sich die elektromagnetischen Felder und KrƤfte bei dem Antriebsmotor des erfindungsgemƤĆen HaushaltsgerƤtes im Wesentlichen in axialer Richtung aus. Ein derartiger Antriebsmotor lƤsst eine variable und prƤzise Anpassung an das fĆ¼r die jeweilige GrƶĆe bzw. Leistungsstufe des HaushaltsgerƤtes notwendige Drehmoment zu. Und zwar bietet ein solcher Antriebsmotor den Vorteil, dass das Drehmoment bzw. die Leistungsdichte des Antriebsmotors ohne viel Aufwand variabel eingestellt werden kann. So kann beispielsweise der Spalt zwischen den Magnetanordnungen verschieden breit ausgebildet sein; ist dieser Spalt sehr klein, so ist ein hƶheres Drehmoment Ć¼bertragbar als bei einem grƶĆeren Spalt. Durch eine solche Ausgestaltung des Antriebsmotors kann dieser auĆerdem leicht an den zur VerfĆ¼gung stehenden Bauraum angeglichen werden. Ein solcher Antriebsmotor beansprucht auch weniger Bauraum als herkƶmmliche Antriebsmotoren und lƤsst sich an rƤumliche Einbaubedingungen unterschiedlichster HaushaltsgerƤte optimal anpassen. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemƤĆen HaushaltsgerƤtes besteht darin, dass eine radiale Bewegung des Rotors bzw. des Stators zugelassen werden kann, ohne dass eine Gefahr der BeschƤdigung des Antriebsmotors durch einen Anschlag besteht. Es ist insbesondere von Vorteil, dass nicht nur der axiale Spalt variabel gestaltet werden kann, sondern Ć¼ber die Leistungsdichte des Antriebsmotors bzw. ein variables Drehmoment die Lage des Rotors des Motors in seinen weiteren rƤumlichen Richtungen beeinflusst werden kann. Eine solche axiale Anordnung der beiden Magnetanordnungen zueinander ermƶglicht somit auĆerdem ein aktives radiales Verstellen der Drehachse des Rotors relativ zum Stator, was sich insbesondere bei einer Waschmaschine als besonders vorteilhaft erweist. Und zwar kann durch entsprechende Steuerung der Verteilung des Magnetfeldes zumindest einer der Magnetanordnungen eine koaxiale Anordnung des Rotors bezĆ¼glich des Stators erreicht werden. Es kƶnnen somit die Lage des Rotors eingestellt und/oder Schwingungen bzw. Unwuchten der drehbaren Komponente aktivnƤmlich durch entsprechende Steuerung der Verteilung der Magnetfelder - ausgeglichen werden. Insbesondere bei einer Waschmaschine lƤsst sich somit das Absinken der WƤschetrommel gegenĆ¼ber dem LaugenbehƤlter weitgehend oder sogar vollstƤndig kompensieren.Thus, the effect of the invention is achieved in that the first and the second magnet arrangement are arranged opposite each other in the axial direction side by side and thus form a gap between each other. In contrast to conventional electrical machines, in which the electromagnetic fields or forces act in the radial direction, the electromagnetic fields and forces in the drive motor of the household appliance according to the invention form substantially in the axial direction. Such a drive motor allows a variable and precise adjustment the torque required for the respective size or power level of the household appliance. Namely, such a drive motor offers the advantage that the torque or the power density of the drive motor can be set variably without much effort. Thus, for example, the gap between the magnet arrangements can be formed differently wide; if this gap is very small, a higher torque is transferable than with a larger gap. By such an embodiment of the drive motor, this can also be easily adapted to the available space. Such a drive motor also takes up less space than conventional drive motors and can be optimally adapted to the spatial installation conditions of a variety of household appliances. A significant advantage of the household appliance according to the invention is that a radial movement of the rotor or the stator can be allowed without there being a risk of damage to the drive motor by a stop. It is particularly advantageous that not only the axial gap can be made variable, but on the power density of the drive motor or a variable torque, the position of the rotor of the motor can be influenced in its other spatial directions. Such an axial arrangement of the two magnet arrangements to each other thus also allows an active radial adjustment of the axis of rotation of the rotor relative to the stator, which proves to be particularly advantageous in a washing machine. Namely, by appropriate control of the distribution of the magnetic field of at least one of the magnet arrangements, a coaxial arrangement of the rotor with respect to the stator can be achieved. Thus, the position of the rotor can be adjusted and / or vibrations or imbalances of the rotatable component can be actively compensated by corresponding control of the distribution of the magnetic fields. In particular, in a washing machine can thus be largely or even completely compensate for the decrease of the laundry drum relative to the tub.
Der Stator und der Rotor kƶnnen mechanisch voneinander vollstƤndig entkoppelt sein, so dass eine laterale Bewegung - also eine Bewegung in radialer Richtung - dieser Bauteile gegeneinander mƶglich ist. Der Stator und der Rotor weisen also vorzugsweise eine Bewegungsfreiheit bzw. Spielraum in radialer Richtung auf.The stator and the rotor can be mechanically completely decoupled from each other, so that a lateral movement - ie a movement in the radial direction - of these components against each other is possible. The stator and the rotor thus preferably have a freedom of movement or clearance in the radial direction.
Das HaushaltsgerƤt ist vorzugsweise ein GerƤt zur Pflege von WƤschestĆ¼cken, nƤmlich beispielsweise eine Waschmaschine, ein WƤschetrockner oder ein Waschtrockner. Es ist bevorzugt eine WƤschetrommel des HaushaltsgerƤtes, die als drehbare Komponente mithilfe des Antriebsmotors angetrieben wird. Gerade bei einem solchen HaushaltsgerƤt zur Pflege von WƤschestĆ¼cken - insbesondere bei einer Waschmaschine - erweist sich die erfindungsgemƤĆe Ausgestaltung des Antriebsmotors als besonders vorteilhaft: Der Stator kann an einem GehƤuse des HaushaltsgerƤtes oder aber an einem fest mit dem GehƤuse verbundenen LaugenbehƤlter angebracht sein, wƤhrend der Rotor an der WƤschetrommel angebracht oder mit dieser gekoppelt sein kann. Dann kann bei einem Absinken der WƤschetrommel gegenĆ¼ber dem LaugenbehƤlter - bedingt durch die Beladung der WƤschetrommel - wieder eine koaxiale Anordnung des Rotors bezĆ¼glich des Stators erreicht werden, nƤmlich durch entsprechende Steuerung der Verteilung des Magnetfeldes - beispielsweise durch entsprechendes Bestromen einer Wicklung des Stators. Es gelingt auĆerdem, Unwuchten der WƤschetrommel - insbesondere in einem Schleuderbetrieb - durch entsprechende Steuerung des Magnetfeldes des Stators auszugleichen. Somit wird auch die mechanische Beanspruchung von Lagern der WƤschetrommel auf ein Minimum reduziert.The household appliance is preferably a device for the care of laundry items, namely for example a washing machine, a tumble dryer or a washer-dryer. It is preferably a laundry drum of the household appliance, which is driven as a rotatable component by means of the drive motor. Especially with such a household appliance for the care of laundry - especially in a washing machine - proves the embodiment of the drive motor according to the invention is particularly advantageous: The stator can be attached to a housing of the household appliance or on a fixedly connected to the housing tub while the rotor attached to the laundry drum or can be coupled with this. Then, with a sinking of the laundry drum relative to the tub - due to the loading of the laundry drum - again a coaxial arrangement of the rotor with respect to the stator can be achieved, namely by appropriate control of the distribution of the magnetic field - for example by appropriately energizing a winding of the stator. It also manages to balance imbalances of the laundry drum - in particular in a spin operation - by appropriate control of the magnetic field of the stator. Thus, the mechanical stress of bearings of the laundry drum is reduced to a minimum.
Wie bereits ausgefĆ¼hrt, kann das HaushaltsgerƤt einen mit einem GehƤuse fest verbundenen LaugenbehƤlter aufweisen. Dies bedeutet, dass der LaugenbehƤlter bewegungsstarr bzw. unbeweglich mit dem GehƤuse verbunden ist und sich somit gegenĆ¼ber dem GehƤuse nicht bewegen kann. Dann kann der Stator an dem LaugenbehƤlter oder am GehƤuse angeordnet sein. Auf diesem Wege gelingt es, die WƤschetrommel gegenĆ¼ber dem LaugenbehƤlter aktiv zu verstellen; es kann die gewĆ¼nschte Lage der WƤschetrommel relativ zum LaugenbehƤlter erzielt werden. Die Lage der WƤschetrommel kann somit vorteilhafterweise unabhƤngig vom Gewicht der WƤschestĆ¼cke auf eine innerhalb des LaugenbehƤlters mittigen Lage eingestellt werden. Hierdurch kann der Abstand zwischen WƤschetrommel und LaugenbehƤlter verringert werden. Es wird somit mƶglich, die Menge der "toten Flotte", also die Menge der Waschlauge, die nicht mit dem Waschgut in Kontakt steht, auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren.As already stated, the household appliance may have a tub firmly connected to a housing. This means that the tub is immobile or immovably connected to the housing and thus can not move relative to the housing. Then, the stator may be disposed on the tub or on the housing. In this way, it is possible to actively adjust the laundry drum against the tub; It can be achieved relative to the tub, the desired position of the laundry drum. The position of the laundry drum can thus be advantageously adjusted independently of the weight of the laundry items to a central position within the tub. As a result, the distance between the washing drum and the tub can be reduced. It thus becomes possible to minimize the amount of "dead liquor", that is, the amount of wash liquor which is not in contact with the laundry.
Es erweist sich hinsichtlich eines bauraumsparenden und gewichtsreduzierten Antriebsmotors als besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Stator und der Rotor jeweilige parallel zueinander angeordneten Scheiben oder Ringscheiben aufweisen, durch welche die jeweiligen Magnetanordnungen gehalten sind. Insbesondere beim Einsatz von Ringscheiben kann das Gewicht des Antriebsmotors auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. Die Scheiben oder Ringscheiben sind - in einem unbelasteten Zustand der drehbaren Komponente - vorzugsweise konzentrisch zueinander angeordnet. Sie sind bevorzugt mechanisch voneinander entkoppelt und weisen eine laterale Bewegungsfreiheit zueinander auf. Die Magnetanordnungen weisen bevorzugt an einander zugewandten Seiten jeweils eine Vielzahl von Polschuhen auf. Der axiale Abstand zwischen den Magnetanordnungen kann beispielsweise in einem Wertebereich von 1 mm bis 100 mm liegen.It proves to be particularly advantageous in terms of a space-saving and weight-reduced drive motor, when the stator and the rotor respectively parallel having mutually arranged discs or annular discs, through which the respective magnet arrangements are held. In particular, when using annular discs, the weight of the drive motor can be reduced to a minimum. The disks or annular disks are preferably arranged concentrically to one another in an unloaded state of the rotatable component. They are preferably mechanically decoupled from each other and have a lateral freedom of movement to each other. The magnet arrangements preferably each have a multiplicity of pole shoes on mutually facing sides. The axial distance between the magnet arrangements may, for example, be in a value range of 1 mm to 100 mm.
Der Antriebsmotor kann beispielsweise ein bĆ¼rstenloser Gleichstrommotor bzw. ein permanentmagneterregter Synchronmotor sein. Es ist bevorzugt der Rotor, der Permanentmagnete trƤgt - dann umfasst die Magnetanordnung des Rotors die Permanentmagnete. DemgegenĆ¼ber kann die Magnetanordnung des Stators eine Wicklung aufweisen. Diese Wicklung kann zumindest zwei PhasenstrƤnge, vorzugsweise drei PhasenstrƤnge, aufweisen. Diese PhasenstrƤnge kƶnnen zum Beispiel Ć¼ber einen Wechselrichter bestromt werden; dann stellt der Wechselrichter fĆ¼r jeden Phasenstrang jeweils eine Wechselspannung bereit. Der Wechselrichter kann mit einem elektrischen Zwischenkreis elektrisch gekoppelt sein und die jeweiligen Wechselspannungen aus einer Zwischenkreisgleichspannung bereitstellen. Eine solche Zwischenkreisgleichspannung kann beispielsweise an einem Zwischenkreiskondensator anliegen. Sie kann aus einer Versorgungswechselspannung - zum Beispiel der Netzspannung - mithilfe eines Gleichrichters erzeugt werden. Der Wechselrichter - und genauer gesagt elektrische Schalter des Wechselrichters - kann durch die Steuereinrichtung angesteuert werden. Also kann die Steuereinrichtung die Frequenz und/oder die Amplitude der Wechselspannungen steuern. Der Antriebsmotor kann auch anders aufgebaut sein. Beispielsweise kƶnnen auch beide Magnetfeldanordnungen des Antriebsmotors Wicklungen aufweisen oder die Magnetfeldanordnung des Stators beinhaltet die Permanentmagnete und die Magnetfeldanordnung des Rotors beinhaltet die Wicklungen. Nachstehend wird nur der bevorzugte Antriebsmotor weiter betrachtet, wobei die erfindungsgemƤĆen AusprƤgungen auch fĆ¼r die anderen Bauformen des bevorzugten Antriebsmotors analog anwendbar sind.The drive motor may be, for example, a brushless DC motor or a permanent magnet synchronous motor. It is preferably the rotor that carries permanent magnets - then the magnet assembly of the rotor includes the permanent magnets. In contrast, the magnet arrangement of the stator can have a winding. This winding can have at least two phase strands, preferably three phase strands. These phase strings can be energized, for example, via an inverter; then the inverter provides one AC voltage for each phase string. The inverter can be electrically coupled to an electrical DC link and provide the respective AC voltages from a DC link voltage. Such a DC link voltage may, for example, be applied to a DC link capacitor. It can be generated from an AC supply voltage - for example the mains voltage - by means of a rectifier. The inverter - and more specifically electrical switch of the inverter - can be controlled by the controller. Thus, the controller may control the frequency and / or the amplitude of the AC voltages. The drive motor can also be designed differently. For example, both magnetic field arrangements of the drive motor may have windings or the magnetic field arrangement of the stator includes the permanent magnets and the magnetic field arrangement of the rotor includes the windings. Hereinafter, only the preferred drive motor will be considered further, wherein the embodiments of the invention are analogously applicable to the other types of the preferred drive motor.
Die Steuereinrichtung kann zumindest eine elektrische MessgrƶĆe des Antriebsmotors erfassen. Vorzugsweise wird durch die Steuereinrichtung eine solche elektrische MessgrƶĆe erfasst, welche eine in zumindest einem Phasenstrang des Stators stattfindende Induktion beschreibt. Also wird bevorzugt eine solche MessgrƶĆe erfasst, die mit einer in zumindest einem Phasenstrang des Stators durch die Ćnderung des magnetischen Flusses des Rotors induzierten elektrischen Spannung korreliert ist. Zum Beispiel kann die Steuereinrichtung eine elektrische Spannung als MessgrƶĆe erfassen, die in einem momentan aktiv nicht bestromten Phasenstrang induziert wird. ErgƤnzend oder alternativ kann die Steuereinrichtung in zumindest einem Phasenstrang - vorzugsweise in allen PhasenstrƤngen - einen elektrischen Strangstrom erfassen. Die Messung einer solchen MessgrƶĆe hat den Vorteil, dass die Steuereinrichtung auf das dynamische Bewegungsverhalten der drehbaren Komponente zurĆ¼ck schlieĆen kann. Zum Beispiel kann somit eine Unwucht der drehbaren Komponente erkannt und durch die Steuereinrichtung gegebenenfalls ausgeglichen werden, nƤmlich durch entsprechende Steuerung der Verteilung des Magnetfeldes des Stators.The control device can detect at least one electrical measured variable of the drive motor. Preferably, the control device detects such an electrical measured variable which describes an induction taking place in at least one phase strand of the stator. Thus, such a measured variable is preferably detected, which is correlated with an electrical voltage induced in at least one phase strand of the stator by the change in the magnetic flux of the rotor. For example, the control device can detect an electrical voltage as a measured variable which is induced in a phase strand which is currently not actively energized. Additionally or alternatively, the control device in at least one phase strand - preferably in all phase strands - detect an electrical string current. The measurement of such a measured variable has the advantage that the control device can close back to the dynamic movement behavior of the rotatable component. For example, thus an imbalance of the rotatable component can be detected and optionally compensated by the control device, namely by appropriate control of the distribution of the magnetic field of the stator.
Die Steuereinrichtung kann in AbhƤngigkeit von Messwerten fĆ¼r die erfasste MessgrƶĆe beispielsweise die jeweils momentane radiale und/oder axiale Lage des Rotors relativ zum Stator ermitteln. Bei dieser AusfĆ¼hrungsform werden die Magnetanordnungen des Antriebsmotors als Sensoren zur Bestimmung der Lage des Rotors verwendet; der Antriebsmotor kann ohne zusƤtzliche Lagesensoren fĆ¼r die Bestimmung der radialen und/oder axialen Lage des Rotors auskommen. Ist die jeweils augenblickliche Lage des Rotors relativ zum Stator bekannt, so kann die Steuereinrichtung durch entsprechende Steuerung der Verteilung des Magnetfeldes - insbesondere durch entsprechende Steuerung des Drehstromes in der Wicklung des Stators - etwaige Auslenkungen des Rotors von einer Soll-Lage ausgleichen. Somit kann ein stabiles Bewegungsverhalten der drehbaren Komponente erreicht werden.The control device can, for example, determine the respectively instantaneous radial and / or axial position of the rotor relative to the stator as a function of measured values for the detected measured variable. In this embodiment, the magnet arrangements of the drive motor are used as sensors for determining the position of the rotor; the drive motor can do without additional position sensors for the determination of the radial and / or axial position of the rotor. If the respective instantaneous position of the rotor relative to the stator is known, the control device can compensate for any deflections of the rotor from a desired position by appropriate control of the distribution of the magnetic field, in particular by appropriate control of the three-phase current in the winding of the stator. Thus, a stable movement behavior of the rotatable component can be achieved.
Die Steuereinrichtung kann in AbhƤngigkeit von Messwerten fĆ¼r die erfasste MessgrƶĆe auch auf eine Amplitude und/oder eine Frequenz und/oder ein Phase einer Auslenkung der Drehachse des Rotors bezĆ¼glich einer Referenzachse zurĆ¼ck schlieĆen. Die Referenzachse ist bevorzugt diejenige Achse, die im Stillstand der drehbaren Komponente bzw. bei einer unbelasteten Komponente mit der tatsƤchlichen Drehachse zusammenfƤllt. Die Referenzachse ist also vorzugsweise durch die Position des Stators festgelegt. Umfasst der Stator eine Scheibe oder Ringscheibe, welche die Magnetanordnung des Stators trƤgt, so kann die Referenzachse durch ein Zentrum bzw. einen Mittelpunkt der Scheibe bzw. der Ringscheibe und senkrecht dazu verlaufen. Ermittelt die Steuereinrichtung die Amplitude und/oder Frequenz und/oder die Phase der Auslenkung der Drehachse der drehbaren Komponente, so kann sie dieser Auslenkung entgegenwirken, nƤmlich durch entsprechende Einstellung der Amplitude und/oder der Frequenz und/oder der Phase des Drehfeldes des Stators. Es erfolgt bei dieser AusfĆ¼hrungsform also die Ermittlung einer Unwucht der drehbaren Komponente; dies zeigt sich wiederum bei einer WƤschetrommel eines HaushaltsgerƤtes zur Pflege von WƤschestĆ¼cken als besonders vorteilhaft. Die Steuereinrichtung kann nƤmlich die Unwucht ausgleichen, so dass insgesamt ein stabiles Bewegungsverhalten der WƤschetrommel und somit auch ein sicherer Betrieb des HaushaltsgerƤtes erzielt werden kƶnnen. In vorteilhafter Weise werden somit auch die in der WƤschetrommel befindlichen WƤschestĆ¼cke mechanisch weniger beansprucht, und es erhƶht sich auĆerdem die Lebensdauer und die Standzeit des HaushaltsgerƤtes.Depending on measured values for the detected measured variable, the control device may also infer an amplitude and / or a frequency and / or a phase of a deflection of the rotational axis of the rotor with respect to a reference axis. The reference axis is preferably that axis which coincides with the actual axis of rotation when the rotatable component is stationary or, in the case of an unloaded component. The reference axis is thus preferably by the position of the stator established. If the stator comprises a disk or annular disk which carries the magnet arrangement of the stator, then the reference axis can pass through a center or a center of the disk or the annular disk and perpendicular thereto. If the control device determines the amplitude and / or frequency and / or the phase of the deflection of the rotational axis of the rotatable component, it can counteract this deflection, namely by appropriate adjustment of the amplitude and / or the frequency and / or the phase of the rotating field of the stator. In this embodiment, therefore, the determination of an imbalance of the rotatable component takes place; This again turns out to be particularly advantageous in the case of a laundry drum of a domestic appliance for the care of items of laundry. The control device can namely compensate for the unbalance, so that overall a stable movement behavior of the laundry drum and thus also a safe operation of the household appliance can be achieved. Advantageously, therefore, the laundry items located in the laundry drum are mechanically less stressed, and it also increases the life and the life of the household appliance.
Es hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Steuereinrichtung eine Verteilung des durch die Magnetanordnung des Stators erzeugten Magnetfeldes gemĆ¤Ć einer Vorgabe regelt, nƤmlich in AbhƤngigkeit von Messwerten fĆ¼r die erfasste MessgrƶĆe - also beispielsweise in AbhƤngigkeit von Messwerten fĆ¼r die induzierte Spannung und/oder von Messwerten fĆ¼r den Strangstrom. Durch eine solche Regelung kann insgesamt ein stabiles Bewegungsverhalten der drehbaren Komponente erzielt werden. Die Regelung kann nƤmlich derart erfolgen bzw. die Vorgabe kann beinhalten, dass die Amplitude der Auslenkung der Drehachse des Rotors bezĆ¼glich der Referenzachse unterhalb eines vorbestimmten Grenzwertes verbleibt. Es gelingt somit, bei einem schwingenden System - wie beispielsweise bei einer WƤschetrommel - einen Teil der Schwingungsamplitude zu kappen. Hierdurch kann die Gefahr von AnschlƤgen des Systems auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. Besonders bevorzugt beinhaltet die Vorgabe fĆ¼r die Regelung, dass die Drehachse des Rotors mit der Referenzachse zusammenfƤllt. Also kann die Regelung im Hinblick darauf erfolgen, dass die Magnetanordnung des Rotors und die des Stators koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind. Eine solche Regelung sorgt stets fĆ¼r eine optimale Lage der drehbaren Komponente im HaushaltsgerƤt. Vorzugsweise ist in der Steuereinrichtung eine digitale Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie fĆ¼r die drehbare Komponente vorgebbar. Dann kann die Steuereinrichtung dazu ausgelegt sein, durch entsprechendes Steuern einer Verteilung des durch die Magnetanordnung des Stators erzeugten Magnetfeldes die vorgegebene Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie fĆ¼r die Komponente einzustellen. Diese AusfĆ¼hrungsform beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass die Magnetanordnungen des Stators einerseits und des Rotors andererseits insgesamt ein Feder- bzw. DƤmpfersystem bilden, dessen ElastizitƤt durch die Steuereinrichtung beliebig eingestellt werden kann. Dies kann nƤmlich durch eine entsprechende Einstellung der Verteilung des Drehfeldes erfolgen, also beispielsweise durch entsprechende Bestromung der Wicklung des Stators. In vorteilhafter Weise kann hierdurch die tatsƤchliche physikalische Feder-DƤmpfer-Kennlinie einer Feder-DƤmpferAnordnung des HaushaltsgerƤtes mit der durch den Antriebsmotor erzeugten virtuellen Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie ergƤnzt werden. Somit kann die tatsƤchliche Feder-DƤmpfer-Kennlinie situationsgerecht und bedarfsabhƤngig eingestellt werden, nƤmlich je nach den augenblicklich herrschenden Betriebsbedingungen.It has proved to be particularly advantageous if the control device regulates a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement of the stator according to a specification, namely as a function of measured values for the detected measured variable - for example, depending on measured values for the induced voltage and / or Measured values for the phase current. By such a regulation, a stable movement behavior of the rotatable component can be achieved overall. The regulation can in fact be such or the specification may include that the amplitude of the deflection of the axis of rotation of the rotor with respect to the reference axis remains below a predetermined limit. It is thus possible, with a vibrating system - such as a laundry drum - to cut a portion of the vibration amplitude. This can reduce the risk of attacks of the system to a minimum. Particularly preferably, the specification for the regulation includes that the axis of rotation of the rotor coincides with the reference axis. Thus, the regulation can be made in view of the fact that the magnet arrangement of the rotor and that of the stator are arranged coaxially with each other. Such a regulation always ensures an optimal position of the rotatable component in the household appliance. Preferably, in the control device, a digital spring and / or damper characteristic for the rotatable component can be predetermined. The control device can then be designed to set the predetermined spring and / or damper characteristic curve for the component by appropriately controlling a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement of the stator. This embodiment is based on the recognition that the magnet arrangements of the stator on the one hand and the rotor on the other hand form a total of a spring or damper system whose elasticity can be set arbitrarily by the control device. This can in fact be done by a corresponding adjustment of the distribution of the rotating field, so for example by appropriate energization of the winding of the stator. Advantageously, thereby the actual physical spring-damper characteristic of a spring damper arrangement of the household appliance can be supplemented with the virtual spring and / or damper characteristic generated by the drive motor. Thus, the actual spring-damper characteristic can be adjusted according to the situation and demand, namely, depending on the currently prevailing operating conditions.
In der Steuereinrichtung kann beispielsweise eine von der Amplitude der Auslenkung der Drehachse bezĆ¼glich der Referenzachse abhƤngige - also hubabhƤngige - Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie und/oder eine von einer Beladung der drehbaren Komponente abhƤngige Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie und/oder eine von einer Drehzahl der Komponente abhƤngige Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie fĆ¼r die drehbare Komponente vorgebbar sein. Bei der hubabhƤngigen Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie kann es sich beispielsweise um eine progressive Kennlinie handeln. Eine beladungsabhƤngige Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie sorgt fĆ¼r eine stets optimale Federung und/oder DƤmpfung der Bewegung der drehbaren Komponente unabhƤngig von der jeweils augenblicklichen Beladung bzw. Belastung der Komponente. Durch eine drehzahlabhƤngige Feder- und/oder DƤmpferkennlinie kann fĆ¼r unterschiedliche Drehzahlwerte der Komponente jeweils die gewĆ¼nschte Federkonstante und/oder DƤmpferkonstante eingestellt werden; dies ist insbesondere im Hinblick auf einen Schleuderbetrieb von Waschmaschinen besonders vorteilhaft. Durch den Einsatz einer hubabhƤngigen - insbesondere einer progressiven - Kennlinie kƶnnen Schwingungsspitzen vermieden werden, und die Gefahr eines Anschlags des Systems kann auf ein Minimum reduziert werden.In the control device, for example, depending on the amplitude of the deflection of the axis of rotation with respect to the reference axis - ie stroke-dependent - spring and / or damper characteristic and / or dependent on a loading of the rotatable component spring and / or damper characteristic and / or one of a Speed of the component dependent spring and / or damper characteristic for the rotatable component can be specified. The stroke-dependent spring and / or damper characteristic may be, for example, a progressive characteristic. A load-dependent spring and / or damper characteristic curve ensures an always optimal suspension and / or damping of the movement of the rotatable component, regardless of the respective instantaneous loading or loading of the component. By means of a speed-dependent spring and / or damper characteristic, the desired spring constant and / or damper constant can each be set for different engine speed values; This is particularly advantageous with regard to a spin operation of washing machines. By using a stroke-dependent - in particular a progressive - characteristic vibration peaks can be avoided, and the risk of a stop of the system can be reduced to a minimum.
Insgesamt wird also ein HaushaltsgerƤt geschaffen, bei welchem ein stets stabiles Bewegungsverhalten der drehbaren Komponente unabhƤngig von ihrer Belastung erzielt werden kann. Insbesondere bei einem HaushaltsgerƤt zur Pflege von WƤschestĆ¼cken, wie beispielsweise einer Waschmaschine - insbesondere mit einem feststehenden LaugenbehƤlter -, kann durch die axiale Anordnung des Stators und des Rotors relativ zueinander ein unabhƤngig von der aktuellen Beladung koaxial laufendes System erreicht werden. Die Steuereinrichtung kann nƤmlich das dynamische Verhalten des HaushaltsgerƤtes, insbesondere unter Einfluss von Unwuchten und wechselnder Beladung, aktiv beeinflussen.Overall, therefore, a household appliance is created in which an always stable movement behavior of the rotatable component can be achieved regardless of their load. In particular, in a household appliance for the care of laundry, such as a washing machine - especially with a fixed tub - can be achieved by the axial arrangement of the stator and the rotor relative to each other, a coaxially independent of the current load system running. Namely, the control device can actively influence the dynamic behavior of the household appliance, in particular under the influence of imbalances and changing loads.
Bei einem erfindungsgemƤĆen Verfahren zum Betreiben eines HaushaltsgerƤts wird eine drehbare Komponente des HaushaltsgerƤtes durch einen Antriebsmotor angetrieben. Eine Steuereinrichtung steuert den Antriebsmotor an. Der Antriebsmotor weist einen Stator mit einer ersten Magnetanordnung und einen mit der Komponente gekoppelten Rotor mit einer zweiten Magnetanordnung auf. Durch Zusammenwirken von durch die Magnetanordnungen erzeugten Magnetfeldern ist der Rotor relativ zum Stator um eine Drehachse drehbar. Die Magnetanordnungen werden entlang der Drehachse beabstandet zueinander angeordnet, so dass zwischen den Magnetanordnungen ein axialer Spalt ausgebildet wird. Ferner wird zum Erreichen einer koaxialen Anordnung des Rotors bezĆ¼glich des Stators bei einer Steuerung einer Verteilung des durch die erste und/oder zweite Magnetanordnung erzeugten Magnetfeldes ein Gleichanteil dieses Magnetfeldes grƶĆer als Null erzeugt.In a method according to the invention for operating a household appliance, a rotatable component of the household appliance is driven by a drive motor. A control device controls the drive motor. The drive motor has a stator with a first magnet arrangement and a rotor coupled to the component with a second magnet arrangement. By interaction of magnetic fields generated by the magnet assemblies, the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator about an axis of rotation. The magnet arrangements are arranged spaced apart from one another along the rotation axis, so that an axial gap is formed between the magnet arrangements. Furthermore, to achieve a coaxial arrangement of the rotor with respect to the stator in a control of a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the first and / or second magnet arrangement, a DC component of this magnetic field is generated greater than zero.
Die mit Bezug auf das erfindungsgemƤĆe HaushaltsgerƤt vorgestellten bevorzugten AusfĆ¼hrungsformen und deren Vorteile gelten entsprechend fĆ¼r das erfindungsgemƤĆe Verfahren.The preferred embodiments presented with reference to the household appliance according to the invention and their advantages apply correspondingly to the method according to the invention.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den AnsprĆ¼chen, den Figuren und der Figurenbeschreibung. Alle vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschreibung genannten und/oder in den Figuren alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder auch in Alleinstellung verwendbar.Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. All the features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the respectively indicated combination but also in other combinations or also alone.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand einzelner bevorzugter AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiele, wie auch unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefĆ¼gten Zeichnungen nƤher erlƤutert.The invention will now be described with reference to individual preferred embodiments, as well as with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1A
- in schematischer Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch einen Antriebsmotor einer Waschmaschine, wie er aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist;
- Fig. 1B
- in schematischer Darstellung einen lƤnglichen bzw. axialen Schnitt durch den Antriebsmotor gemƤĆ
Fig. 1A ; - Fig. 2
- in schematischer Darstellung eine Seitenansicht eines HaushaltsgerƤtes gemĆ¤Ć einer AusfĆ¼hrungsform der Erfindung;
- Fig. 3A
- in schematischer Darstellung einen lƤnglichen bzw. axialen Schnitt durch einen Antriebsmotor fĆ¼r ein HaushaltsgerƤt gemĆ¤Ć einer AusfĆ¼hrungsform der Erfindung;
- Fig. 3B
- in schematischer Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch den Antriebsmotor gemƤĆ
Fig. 3A , - Fig. 4A
- in schematischer Darstellung einen axialen Schnitt durch den Antriebsmotor gemƤĆ
Fig. 3A , wobei ein Rotor bezĆ¼glich eines Stators aufgrund einer Beladung einer WƤschetrommel radial versetzt angeordnet ist; - Fig. 4B
- in schematischer Darstellung eine Stirnseite des Antriebsmotors gemƤĆ
Fig. 4A ; und - Fig. 5
- in schematischer und hƶchst abstrakter Darstellung ein HaushaltsgerƤt gemĆ¤Ć einer AusfĆ¼hrungsform der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1A
- a schematic representation of a cross section through a drive motor of a washing machine, as known from the prior art;
- Fig. 1B
- in a schematic representation of an elongated or axial section through the drive motor according to
Fig. 1A ; - Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of a side view of a household appliance according to an embodiment of the invention;
- Fig. 3A
- in a schematic representation of an elongated or axial section through a drive motor for a household appliance according to an embodiment of the invention;
- Fig. 3B
- in a schematic representation of a cross section through the drive motor according to
Fig. 3A . - Fig. 4A
- in a schematic representation of an axial section through the drive motor according to
Fig. 3A wherein a rotor is radially offset with respect to a stator due to loading of a laundry drum; - Fig. 4B
- in a schematic representation of an end face of the drive motor according to
Fig. 4A ; and - Fig. 5
- in schematic and highly abstract representation of a household appliance according to an embodiment of the invention.
In den
Wird nun ein solcher Antriebsmotor 1 in einer Waschmaschine eingesetzt, wie sie aus der Druckschrift
In
In dem LaugenbehƤlter 7 ist eine WƤschetrommel 17 um eine horizontale Drehachse drehbar gelagert, wobei in alternativen AusfĆ¼hrungen die Drehachse auch geneigt angeordnet sein kann. Eine mit der WƤschetrommel 17 fest verbundene Welle 18 verbindet die WƤschetrommel 17 mit einem Rotor 19 eines Antriebsmotors 20. Der Antriebsmotor 20 weist auĆerdem einen Stator 21 auf. Das HaushaltsgerƤt 6 weist im AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel also einen Direktantrieb fĆ¼r die WƤschetrommel 17 auf. Die Welle 18 erstreckt sich Ć¼ber eine Durchgangsƶffnung des AbstĆ¼tzteils 11 hindurch und ist an diesem AbstĆ¼tzteil 11 abgestĆ¼tzt, nƤmlich beispielsweise Ć¼ber ein Kugellager.In the
Die WƤschetrommel 17, wie auch der Rotor 19 sind um eine Drehachse S drehbar. Wird die WƤschetrommel 17 mit WƤschestĆ¼cken beladen, so wirkt auf die WƤschetrommel 17 aufgrund des Gewichts der WƤschestĆ¼cke eine Kraft. Diese Kraft bewirkt ein Absinken der WƤschetrommel 17 zusammen mit dem Rotor 19, wie auch dem AbstĆ¼tzteil 11. Die WƤschetrommel 17 sinkt gegenĆ¼ber dem LaugenbehƤlter 7 ab, und der Rotor 19 verschiebt sich radial relativ zum Stator 21. Der Rotor 19 und der Stator 21 sind nƤmlich mechanisch voneinander entkoppelt und somit mechanisch nicht zentriert. Die Drehachse S verschiebt sich dann nach unten, nƤmlich relativ zu der in
Der Antriebsmotor 20 ist derart konzipiert, dass der Rotor 19 und der Stator 21 entlang der Drehachse S zueinander beabstandet angeordnet sind. Dies bedeutet, dass zwischen dem Rotor 19 und dem Stator 21 ein axialer Luftspalt 22 ausgebildet ist. Dieser Luftspalt 22 ist frei von Bauteilen. In der in
Die Anordnung des Rotors 19 einerseits und des Stators 21 andererseits ist in
Der Rotor 19 weist eine Magnetanordnung 24 auf, und der Stator 21 weist ebenfalls eine Magnetanordnung 25 auf. Die Magnetanordnungen 24, 25 weisen jeweils axial ausgerichtete Polschuhe auf, die einander gegenĆ¼ber stehen. Also stehen die Magnetanordnungen 24, 25 einander gegenĆ¼ber. Die Magnetanordnung 24 des Rotors 19 umfasst eine Vielzahl von Permanentmagneten, die an einer dem Stator 21 zugewandten Stirnseite 26 des Rotors 19 in wechselnder Polung verteilt angeordnet sind, nƤmlich beispielsweise entlang eines Ringes. Die Magnetanordnung 25 des Stators 21 umfasst hingegen eine Vielzahl von Elektromagneten, die durch eine Wicklung mit beispielsweise drei PhasenstrƤngen gebildet sind. Die Elektromagnete sind ebenfalls an einer dem Rotor 19 zugewandten Stirnseite 27 des Stators 21 angeordnet. Sie kƶnnen auch entlang eines Ringes angeordnet sein.The
Die
Wird nun die WƤschetrommel 17 mit WƤschestĆ¼cken beladen, so sinkt die WƤschetrommel 17 gegenĆ¼ber dem LaugenbehƤlter 9 ab, und die Drehachse S verschiebt sich relativ zur Referenzachse S'. Ein solches Szenario ist in den
Bezug nehmend auf
Das HaushaltsgerƤt 6 weist zwei elektrische AnschlĆ¼sse 37, 38 auf, nƤmlich einen Phasenanschluss und einen Nullanschluss. Die AnschlĆ¼sse 37, 38 sind mit einem Gleichrichter und Netzfilter 39 elektrisch gekoppelt. Der Gleichrichter 39 erzeugt die Zwischenkreisgleichspannung UZ aus einer Versorgungswechselspannung UV, die zwischen den AnschlĆ¼ssen 37, 38 anliegt. Die Zwischenkreisgleichspannung UZ wird zwischen einem Schaltungsknoten 40 und einem Bezugspotential 41 bereitgestellt. Zwischen dem Schaltungsknoten 40 und dem Bezugspotential 41 ist auch der Zwischenkreiskondensator 36 geschaltet. Parallel zum Zwischenkreiskondensator 36 liegt auch ein Spannungsteiler 42 mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Ohmschen Widerstand 43, 44. Ein zwischen den WiderstƤnden 43, 44 liegender Abgriffknoten 45 ist mit einem Versorgungsanschluss der Steuereinrichtung 34 verbunden. Der Spannungsteiler 42 teilt also die Zwischenkreisgleichspannung UZ, und die Steuereinrichtung 34 wird mit der geteilten Gleichspannung versorgt.The
Der Wechselrichter 33 - und genauer gesagt seine Transistoren - ist einerseits mit dem Schaltungsknoten 40 und andererseits Ć¼ber drei MesswiderstƤnde 46, 47, 48 mit dem Bezugspotential 41 gekoppelt. Die Steuereinrichtung 34 erfasst Strangstrƶme I30, I31, I32, die durch die PhasenstrƤnge 30, 31, 32 flieĆen. Hierzu ist die Steuereinrichtung 34 mit drei Knoten 49, 50, 51 gekoppelt, die jeweils zwischen einem der MesswiderstƤnde 46, 47, 48 und dem Wechselrichter 33 liegen.The inverter 33 - and more particularly its transistors - is coupled on the one hand to the
Die Steuereinrichtung 34 kann auĆerdem jeweilige elektrische Spannungen erfassen, die in den PhasenstrƤngen 30, 31, 32 aufgrund des Magnetflusses der Magnetanordnung 24 des Rotors 19 induziert werden. Sowohl die Strangstrƶme I30, I31, I32, als auch die gemessenen induzierten Spannungen stellen elektrische MessgrƶĆen des Antriebsmotors 20 dar, die durch die Steuereinrichtung 34 erfasst werden.The
Wie bereits ausgefĆ¼hrt, kann die Steuereinrichtung 34 den Stromfluss durch die PhasenstrƤnge 30, 31, 32 bzw. die Verteilung des durch die Magnetanordnung 25 des Stators 21 erzeugten Magnetfeldes auf die Art und Weise steuern, dass eine koaxiale Anordnung des Rotors 19 relativ zum Stator 21 gegeben ist. Dies kann beispielsweise so aussehen, dass die Steuereinrichtung 34 bei dem durch die PhasenstrƤnge 30, 31, 32 erzeugten Drehfeld einen Gleichanteil erzeugt, durch welchen dann die zentrierenden KrƤfte erzeugt werden.As already explained, the
In AbhƤngigkeit von Messwerten fĆ¼r die Strangstrƶme I30, I31, I32, und/oder abhƤngig von Messwerten fĆ¼r die induzierten Spannungen - insbesondere abhƤngig von einer in dem jeweils aktuell nicht bestromten Phasenstrang 30, 31, 32 induzierten elektrischen Spannung - ermittelt die Steuereinrichtung 34 die jeweils aktuelle radiale und/oder axiale Lage des Rotors 19 relativ zum Stator 21 bzw. die Lage der Drehachse S relativ zur Referenzachse S'. Dies kann die Steuereinrichtung 34 anhand der Messwerte ermitteln, weil die genannten elektrischen MessgrƶĆen unmittelbar von dem AusmaĆ einer Induktion aufgrund des Magnetflusses der Magnetanordnung 24 des Rotors 19 abhƤngen.Depending on measured values for the phase currents I 30 , I 31 , I 32 , and / or depending on measured values for the induced voltages - in particular depending on one in the each current not energized
Also kann die Steuereinrichtung 34 die jeweils augenblickliche Lage des Rotors 19 bezĆ¼glich des Stators 21 ermitteln. Die Steuereinrichtung 34 kann also eine Unwucht der WƤschetrommel 17 erkennen. Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Steuereinrichtung 34 in AbhƤngigkeit von Messwerten fĆ¼r die oben genannte MessgrƶĆe eine Amplitude und/oder eine Phase und/oder eine Frequenz einer Auslenkung der Drehachse S gegenĆ¼ber der Referenzachse S' ermittelt - eine solche Auslenkung ist beispielsweise in den
Die Steuereinrichtung 34 kann auch in AbhƤngigkeit von den erfassten Messwerten das Bewegungsverhalten der WƤschetrommel 17 im Hinblick darauf regeln, dass die Drehachse S mit der Referenzachse S' zusammenfƤllt. Dann verbleibt die WƤschetrommel 17 stets in der optimalen Lage, so dass die mechanischen Komponenten des HaushaltsgerƤtes 6 - insbesondere die Lagerung - geschont werden kƶnnen.The
Die Magnetanordnung 24 des Rotors 19 und die des Stators 21 bilden insgesamt ein Feder- bzw. DƤmpfersystem. Im AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel kann die Steuereinrichtung 34 darĆ¼ber hinaus auch die ElastizitƤt eines solchen Feder- und DƤmpfersystems verƤndern. Die ElastizitƤt kann die Steuereinrichtung 34 unter VerƤnderung des Drehfeldes der Magnetanordnung 25 bzw. unter VerƤnderung der Strƶme I30, I31, I32, einstellen. In der Steuereinrichtung 34 - nƤmlich in einem Speicher - kƶnnen diesbezĆ¼glich Kennlinien abgelegt bzw. vorgegeben sein, die es ermƶglichen, unterschiedliche ElastizitƤtsgrade des durch den Rotor 19 und den Stator 21 gebildeten Federsystems einzustellen. Diese ElastizitƤtsgrade kƶnnen in AbhƤngigkeit von einer aktuellen Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors 20 und/oder in AbhƤngigkeit von einer aktuellen Beladung der WƤschetrommel 17 und/oder in AbhƤngigkeit von einer Amplitude der Auslenkung der Drehachse S gegenĆ¼ber der Referenzachse S' variiert werden. Also kƶnnen in der Steuereinrichtung 34 beladungsabhƤngige und/oder drehzahlabhƤngige und/oder hubabhƤngige Feder- und DƤmpferkennlinien vorgegeben sein, gemĆ¤Ć denen die Steuereinrichtung 34 das Drehfeld der Magnetanordnung 25 steuert. Die jeweils augenblickliche ElastizitƤt eines solchen Feder- und DƤmpfersystems aus dem Rotor 19 und dem Stator 21 kann auch durch die Steuereinrichtung 34 geregelt werden, nƤmlich in AbhƤngigkeit von den erfassten Messwerten.The
- 11
- Antriebsmotordrive motor
- 22
- Statorstator
- 33
- Rotorrotor
- 44
- Permanentmagnetepermanent magnets
- 55
- Elektromagneteelectromagnets
- 66
- HaushaltsgerƤthousehold appliance
- 77
- GehƤusecasing
- 88th
- DurchgangsƶffnungThrough opening
- 99
- LaugenbehƤltertub
- 1010
- RĆ¼ckseiteback
- 1111
- AbstĆ¼tzteilsupporting part
- 1212
- Dichtungpoetry
- 1313
- Federanordnungspring assembly
- 1414
- obere Wandupper wall
- 1515
- DƤmpferanordnungdamper arrangement
- 1616
- Bodenground
- 1717
- WƤschetrommelwashing drum
- 1818
- Wellewave
- 1919
- Rotorrotor
- 2020
- Antriebsmotordrive motor
- 2121
- Statorstator
- 2222
- Luftspaltair gap
- 2323
- Vorsprunghead Start
- 24, 2524, 25
- Magnetanordnungenmagnet arrangements
- 26, 2726, 27
- Stirnseitenfront sides
- 28, 2928, 29
- Ringscheibenwashers
- 30, 31, 3230, 31, 32
- PhasenstrƤngephase strands
- 3333
- Wechselrichterinverter
- 3434
- Steuereinrichtungcontrol device
- 3535
- ZwischenkreisDC
- 3636
- ZwischenkreiskondensatorLink capacitor
- 37, 3837, 38
- AnschlĆ¼sseconnections
- 3939
- Gleichrichterrectifier
- 4040
- Schaltungsknotencircuit node
- 4141
- Bezugspotentialreference potential
- 4242
- Spannungsteilervoltage divider
- 43, 4443, 44
- Ohmsche WiderstƤndeOhmic resistances
- 4545
- Abgriffsknotentapping node
- 46, 47, 4846, 47, 48
- MesswiderstƤndeSense resistors
- 49, 50, 5149, 50, 51
- Knotennode
- SS
- Drehachseaxis of rotation
- S'S '
- Referenzachsereference axis
- UZ U Z
- ZwischenkreisgleichspannungIntermediate circuit voltage
- Uvuv
- VersorgungswechselspannungAC supply voltage
- I30, I31, I32 I30 , I31 , I32
- Strangstrƶmephase currents
Claims (13)
- Household appliance (6) having a rotatable component (17) and a drive motor (20) for driving the component (17), said motor (20) comprising a stator (21) having a first magnet arrangement (25) and a rotor (19) coupled to the component (17) and having a second magnet arrangement (24), and having a control device (34) for actuating the drive motor (20), wherein the rotor (19) is able to rotate relative to the stator (21) about a rotary axis (S) through the interaction of magnetic fields generated by the magnet arrangements (24, 25) and the magnet arrangements (24, 25) are arranged spaced apart from each other along the rotary axis (S) such that an axial gap (22) is formed between the magnet arrangements (24, 25), characterised in that in order to achieve a coaxial arrangement of the rotor (19) with respect to the stator (21) the control device (34) is configured such that, when controlling a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the first and/or second magnet arrangement (24, 25), it generates a constant component of said magnetic field greater than zero.
- Household appliance (6) according to claim 1, characterised in that it is a household appliance (6) for handling items of laundry and the component (17) is a drum (17) for receiving the items of laundry.
- Household appliance (6) according to claim 2, characterised in that it has a suds tub (9) fixedly connected to a housing (7) of the household appliance (6) and the stator (21) is arranged on the suds tub (9) or on the housing (7).
- Household appliance (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the stator (21) and the rotor (19) have respective plates or annular disks (28, 29) which are arranged parallel to each other and by means of which the respective magnet arrangements (24, 25) are retained.
- Household appliance (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the magnet arrangement (24) of the rotor (19) has permanent magnets and/or the magnet arrangement (25) of the stator (21) has a winding, in particular having three phase legs (30, 31, 32).
- Household appliance (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device (34) is configured to record an electrical measured variable (I30, I31, I32) of the drive motor (20), in particular an electric leg current (I30, I31, I32) flowing through at least one phase leg (30, 31, 32) of the stator (21) and/or an electrical voltage induced in at least one phase leg (30, 31, 32) of the stator (21).
- Household appliance (6) according to claim 6, characterised in that the control device (34) is configured to deduce the radial and/or axial position of the rotor (19) relative to the stator (21) at the present moment in time as a function of measured values for the measured variable (I30, I31, I32).
- Household appliance (6) according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the control device (34) is configured to deduce an amplitude and/or a frequency and/or a phase of a deflection of the rotary axis (S) of the rotor (19) with respect to a reference axis (S') as a function of measured values for the measured variable (I30, I31, I32).
- Household appliance (6) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the control device (34) is configured to regulate a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement (25) of the stator (21) as a function of measured values for the measured variable (I30, I31, I32) in accordance with a predetermined rule.
- Household appliance (6) according to claim 9, characterised in that the predetermined rule includes that the amplitude of a deflection of the axis of (S) of the rotor (19) with respect to a reference axis (S') remains below a predetermined limit value, in particular in that the rotary axis (S) of the rotor (19) coincides with the reference axis (S').
- Household appliance (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a digital spring and/or damper characteristic for the rotatable component (17) can be predefined in the control device (34) and the control device (34) is configured to adjust the predefined spring and/or damper characteristic for the component (17) by appropriate control of a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement (25) of the stator (21).
- Household appliance (6) according to claim 11, characterised in that a spring and/or damper characteristic for the rotatable component (17) dependent on an amplitude of a deflection of the rotary axis (S) with respect to a reference axis (S') and/or dependent on a loading of the rotatable component (17) and/or dependent on a rotational speed of the component (17) can be predefined in the control device (34).
- Method for operating a household appliance (6) in which a rotatable component (17) is driven by means of a drive motor (20) which comprises a stator (21) having a first magnet arrangement (25) and a rotor (19) coupled to the component (17) and having a second magnet arrangement (24), wherein the drive motor (20) is actuated by a control device (34) and the rotor (19) is rotated relative to the stator (21) about a rotary axis (S) through the interaction of magnetic fields generated by the magnet arrangements (24, 25) and the magnet arrangements (24, 25) are arranged spaced apart from each other along the rotary axis (S) such that an axial gap (22) is formed between the magnet arrangements (24, 25), characterised in that in order to achieve a coaxial arrangement of the rotor (19) with respect to the stator (21) when a distribution of the magnetic field generated by the first and/or second magnet arrangement (24, 25) is controlled, a constant component of said magnetic field greater than zero is generated.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL11724189T PL2582869T3 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-07 | Household appliance, in particular a washing machine having a stationary detergent tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010030163A DE102010030163A1 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2010-06-16 | Household appliance, in particular washing machine with a stationary tub |
PCT/EP2011/059328 WO2011157589A1 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-07 | Household appliance, in particular a washing machine having a stationary detergent tank |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2582869A1 EP2582869A1 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
EP2582869B1 true EP2582869B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
Family
ID=44626854
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11724189.3A Not-in-force EP2582869B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2011-06-07 | Household appliance, in particular a washing machine having a stationary detergent tank |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2582869B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102939415B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010030163A1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA023486B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2582869T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011157589A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103095080A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-05-08 | ę³°äæ”ēµęŗ(čå·)ęéå ¬åø | Energy-saving variable frequency motor device for roller washing machine |
CN104911867B (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2017-09-29 | ęµ·å°éå¢ęęÆē åäøåæ | A kind of control method of brake apparatus, the washing machine with this device and washing machine |
WO2016171439A1 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-27 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Laundry treatment apparatus and magnetic gear device |
DE102015213347A1 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-19 | BSH HausgerƤte GmbH | Household appliance for the care of laundry with an imbalance compensation device with speed-dependent magnetically held balls and method for operating such a household appliance |
DE102016211127A1 (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-28 | BSH HausgerƤte GmbH | Electric machine for a household appliance with at least partially overmolded stator, pump, household appliance and method |
DE102018209515A1 (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | BSH HausgerƤte GmbH | Method for actuating an operating device, in which at least one correction value is determined, operating device and household appliance |
CN109881439B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-07-07 | ē ęµ·ę ¼åēµåØč”份ęéå ¬åø | Magnetic suspension control device, roller washing machine and magnetic suspension control method thereof |
CN112458702A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-09 | ē ęµ·ę ¼åēµåØč”份ęéå ¬åø | Drum washing machine |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19520330A1 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-05 | Wema Elektronik Gmbh | Drive unit for washing machine drum |
JP3524376B2 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2004-05-10 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę±č | Dehydration combined washing machine |
DE19961780B4 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2006-08-10 | BSH Bosch und Siemens HausgerƤte GmbH | Drive device for a washing machine |
CN1193477C (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2005-03-16 | äøå½ē§å¦é¢ēµå·„ē ē©¶ę | Flat permanent magnetic DC vibrating motor |
KR100464054B1 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2005-01-03 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Drum type washing machine with united cabinet/tub |
US20040244121A1 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2004-12-09 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Mono-tub drum-type washing machine and method for controlling the same |
US20080042510A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2008-02-21 | Lg Electronics, Inc. | Motor's for Washing Machine |
CN1866692A (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-22 | ę„äŗ§čŖåØč½¦ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Axial gap motor |
JP2008245363A (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-09 | Asmo Co Ltd | Axial gap motor |
JP2009089515A (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Fujitsu General Ltd | Permanent magnet type synchronous machine |
JP2010029017A (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2010-02-04 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Axial gap type rotary electric machine |
JP2010130797A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-10 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Axial gap rotating electric machine |
-
2010
- 2010-06-16 DE DE102010030163A patent/DE102010030163A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-06-07 EP EP11724189.3A patent/EP2582869B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-06-07 WO PCT/EP2011/059328 patent/WO2011157589A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-06-07 PL PL11724189T patent/PL2582869T3/en unknown
- 2011-06-07 EA EA201291423A patent/EA023486B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-06-07 CN CN201180029318.7A patent/CN102939415B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA023486B1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
PL2582869T3 (en) | 2016-01-29 |
CN102939415A (en) | 2013-02-20 |
WO2011157589A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
EP2582869A1 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
EA201291423A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 |
CN102939415B (en) | 2015-12-16 |
DE102010030163A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
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