EP2580808A1 - Aktive täuschkörper gegen radarquellen sowie verfahren zum schutz von objekten mit hilfe derartiger täuschkörper - Google Patents
Aktive täuschkörper gegen radarquellen sowie verfahren zum schutz von objekten mit hilfe derartiger täuschkörperInfo
- Publication number
- EP2580808A1 EP2580808A1 EP11721722.4A EP11721722A EP2580808A1 EP 2580808 A1 EP2580808 A1 EP 2580808A1 EP 11721722 A EP11721722 A EP 11721722A EP 2580808 A1 EP2580808 A1 EP 2580808A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- decoys
- radar
- signal
- antenna
- source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000726103 Atta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
- F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J2/00—Reflecting targets, e.g. radar-reflector targets; Active targets transmitting electromagnetic or acoustic waves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J2/00—Reflecting targets, e.g. radar-reflector targets; Active targets transmitting electromagnetic or acoustic waves
- F41J2/02—Active targets transmitting infrared radiation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
- F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/75—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, or using passive reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/76—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
- G01S13/767—Responders; Transponders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/82—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/38—Jamming means, e.g. producing false echoes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/281—Nose antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
Definitions
- the invention is concerned with active decoys (chaff etc.), in particular miniaturized, which deflect an approaching radar-based system, projectile, such as rockets, etc., and other search missiles from an object to be protected and deceive it.
- active decoys chloraff etc.
- Such decoys can preferably be carried out without ammunition and therefore also be used in the civil sector.
- a first countermeasure is, for example, the ejection of so-called chaffs made of metallic fibers, such as Staniol, and the formation of a cloud, which have a larger radar cross section than the original target (US Pat. No. 6,876,320 A, US2008 / 0198060 A, US 2009/02511353 A).
- Another variant is the launching of missiles that record the incoming radar signal, analyze and send a deception signal (US 5,388,783 A, US 6,628,239 A, US 2009/0189799 A).
- missiles are deployed which radiate an incoming signal retrodirectively, for example as Radarcorner or Van Atta array (US Pat. No. 3,496,570 A, US Pat. Nos. 3,731,313 A, 3,938,151 A).
- Direct measures are also known, such as the firing of such search missiles by means of weapon systems, such as machine guns, and the emission of missiles - Skyshield - against such threats.
- weapon systems such as machine guns
- the incoming radar signal is recorded and analyzed. Thereafter, a deceptive signal is transmitted (US 3,258,771 A; US 3,896,438 A; US 3,958,241 A; US 4,126,862 A; US 4,646,098 A).
- absorbent materials are applied to the surfaces, in particular of the mobile objects, in thick-film or composite technology.
- Isotropic media and dielectrics of extruded / foamed plastics, graphites, etc. US Pat. No. 4,606,848 A
- magnetic absorbers and anisotropic media ferrites
- bianisotropic, chiral absorbers US Pat. No. 4,606,848, etc.
- the invention has as its object to show an active decoy, which is effected in a simple form an efficient effect with respect to the flying object.
- the invention is based on the idea to form a corresponding cloud with active decoys, each of which has an antenna and a so-called system on chip (SoC), system in package (SiP) or application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) with integrated transmitter - / Receiving unit preferably imprint.
- SoC system on chip
- SiP system in package
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- the structure is comparable to an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) with dimensions of about one chip card.
- a suitable power supply based on foils or similar. integrated become.
- the antenna itself should preferably be an ultra wideband antenna.
- Such a miniaturized structure allows hundreds of these active decoys to be ejected or used as a payload of a carrier.
- decoys with different radar cross sections can be embedded in a cloud, so that a more variable and larger spectrum can be taken and achieved as a protective measure. Due to the small-sized nature and the associated amount of individual decoy, even a corresponding silhouette of the object to be protected can be generated. In addition, a flat application in front of the object to be protected is possible.
- the incoming missile now sends a radar signal to navigate and control its trajectory.
- Each of the decoys in the cloud discharged in this context receives this signal, evaluates it in the SoC, SiP or ASIC and sends a corresponding, possibly modified, partially amplified, deceptive signal (back).
- a generation of Doppler frequencies in fast relative movements or other modulated signal forms are feasible by the SoC, SiP or ASIC. By modification, for example, a speed can be simulated.
- the transmitted signals are received by the radar of the missile and considered to be an attractive signal (larger radar cross-section due to the appearance of the cloud).
- the impulsive ejection and the accelerations of the active decoys can take place, among other things, through the firing of shells, ammunition, missiles or active bodies, which eject the active decoys in a defined manner.
- the ejection of the decoys can also be realized with the help of cached compressed gas or by permanent ejection with blowers, pumps, compressors, etc.
- Spring forces - catapults, bows etc. - or railguns can also be used to distribute the decoys. Combinations of the aforementioned variants are possible.
- FIG. 4a-c representations of the cloud in its application for the protection of various objects.
- FIG. 2 shows a receiver, 3 a signal processing (amplifier -V), 4 a transmitter and 5 a diplexer.
- An input signal R of a radar source - here radar seeker 10 (FIG. 4) - is received by the receiver 2 via an antenna 6 and given to the signal processor 3.
- the signal processing 3 analyzes this signal and, depending on the type of deception, sends a specific signal R 'to the transmitter 4. This is then sent back to the radar source 10 via the antenna 7. Preference is given to a common antenna 7, which is switched by a diplexer 8 of the respective unit 2, 4. A structure with two or more separate antennas is also conceivable.
- a first possibility is the enlargement of the radar cross section with CW and impulse radar.
- the input signal R is amplified linearly and without distortion.
- the second possibility is the delay of the radar signal, wherein the input signal R is sent back delayed to the source 10, so that the reflex arrives later at this radar source 10. The destination seems far away.
- the third possibility is the generation of a Doppler frequency in Doppler radar. Due to the input signal and the speeds of the radar transmitter 10 and a Target 11, the Doppler frequency is detected in the signal processing 3 and sent. (This method requires conditioning the deception system (not shown) with the required data.)
- Fig. 2 shows schematically the preferred integration of the Radarspoofers 1 on a support substrate 1 ', such as paper / plastic film.
- the antenna 7 is applied in the form of a dipole on the substrate (s) 1 '.
- All electronic assemblies of the decoy 1 are powered by a power source 8.
- the power source 8 may be a battery, chemical, solar technology or the like.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a forming cloud 12 that is being built up by the decoys / radar spoons 1.
- FIGS. 4 a - c some protection variants are shown symbolically.
- a deception signal R ' is created by creating a cloud 12 behind a ship 11.1.
- a vehicle 11.2 and Fig. (C) an aircraft 11.3 is protected. Not shown in detail is the protection of a non-mobile object / building, but are included in the applications.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010023426 | 2010-06-11 | ||
DE102010032458A DE102010032458A1 (de) | 2010-06-11 | 2010-07-28 | Aktive Täuschkörper gegen Radarquellen sowie Verfahren zum Schutz von Objekten mit Hilfe derartiger Täuschkörper |
PCT/EP2011/002601 WO2011154099A1 (de) | 2010-06-11 | 2011-05-26 | Aktive täuschkörper gegen radarquellen sowie verfahren zum schutz von objekten mit hilfe derartiger täuschkörper |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2580808A1 true EP2580808A1 (de) | 2013-04-17 |
Family
ID=45020120
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11721722.4A Ceased EP2580808A1 (de) | 2010-06-11 | 2011-05-26 | Aktive täuschkörper gegen radarquellen sowie verfahren zum schutz von objekten mit hilfe derartiger täuschkörper |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2580808A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010032458A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2579994C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011154099A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3721255A2 (de) * | 2017-12-05 | 2020-10-14 | FCS Flight Calibration Services GmbH | Verfahren zur passiven vermessung von elektromagnetischen reflexionseigenschaften von streukörpern und verfahren zur erzeugung mindestens eines künstlichen zieles für ein monostatisches, drehendes radar durch eine schwebende plattform |
DE102018131524A1 (de) | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-10 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Verfahren zum Schutz von beweglichen oder unbeweglichen Objekten vor sich nähernden lasergelenkten Bedrohungen |
CN112418275B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-09-20 | 南京理工大学 | 基于距离像特征提取的毫米波引信箔条干扰识别方法 |
US11987355B2 (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2024-05-21 | Raytheon Company | Method and flexible apparatus permitting advanced radar signal processing, tracking, and classification/identification design and evaluation using single unmanned air surveillance (UAS) device |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1357395A1 (de) * | 2002-04-26 | 2003-10-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Miniaturisierter und hermetisch versiegelter Millimeterwellenradarsensor |
Family Cites Families (26)
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US2511353A (en) | 1944-12-26 | 1950-06-13 | Otto W Leaf | Heated minnow bucket |
US3958241A (en) | 1959-03-06 | 1976-05-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Chaff discrimination system |
US3896438A (en) | 1959-06-02 | 1975-07-22 | Us Navy | Tracking radar countermeasure |
US3258771A (en) | 1964-12-30 | 1966-06-28 | Warren T Harpster | Radar deception jammer |
US3662387A (en) | 1966-10-29 | 1972-05-09 | Us Air Force | Ferrite radar absorbing material |
US3496570A (en) | 1967-03-28 | 1970-02-17 | Radiation Inc | Van atta array |
US4126862A (en) | 1968-04-23 | 1978-11-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Countermeasure for LORO radar |
US3938151A (en) | 1970-08-14 | 1976-02-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Passive radar decoy having a large cross section |
US3731313A (en) | 1971-09-09 | 1973-05-01 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Van-atta array antenna device |
US4646098A (en) | 1978-08-11 | 1987-02-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Phase coherent decoy radar transmitter |
US5388783A (en) | 1979-08-10 | 1995-02-14 | Raytheon Company | Echo exhancing decoy |
US4606848A (en) | 1984-08-14 | 1986-08-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Radar attenuating paint |
RU2054807C1 (ru) * | 1994-03-04 | 1996-02-20 | Сергей Васильевич Ягольников | Устройство для создания помех радиолокационным станциям |
RU2093965C1 (ru) * | 1994-06-29 | 1997-10-20 | Государственный центральный научно-исследовательский радиотехнический институт | Способ создания помех радиолокационным станциям (варианты) |
GB9808762D0 (en) * | 1998-04-25 | 1998-06-24 | Marconi Gec Ltd | Modulated reflector circuit |
US6377967B1 (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2002-04-23 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Efficient digital integration technique filter |
US6721358B1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2004-04-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Signal synthesizer and method therefor |
KR100815411B1 (ko) * | 2000-04-06 | 2008-03-20 | 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | 객체-조건부 액세스 시스템 |
RU2177160C1 (ru) * | 2001-01-09 | 2001-12-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт "Градиент" | Станция ретрансляционного типа однократных имитирующих помех доплеровским радиолокационным станциям |
ES2190749B1 (es) | 2001-11-30 | 2004-06-16 | Fractus, S.A | Dispersores "chaff" multinivel y/o "space-filling", contra radar. |
US6628239B1 (en) | 2002-05-10 | 2003-09-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Variable scattering device |
DE10346001B4 (de) | 2003-10-02 | 2006-01-26 | Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Schützen von Schiffen vor endphasengelenkten Flugkörpern |
US7369081B1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2008-05-06 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Smart chaff |
DE102005035251A1 (de) | 2005-07-25 | 2007-02-01 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Täuschung infrarot-, radar- als auch Dual Mode- gelenkter Flugkörper |
DE102006017107A1 (de) | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-11 | Oerlikon Contraves Ag | Schutzeinrichtung und Schutzmaßnahme für eine Radaranlage |
IL178910A (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2008-04-13 | Rst Reut Systems & Advanced Te | Airborne bait that transmits radio frequencies (RF) and a method of deceiving radar-guided missiles by exploiting it |
-
2010
- 2010-07-28 DE DE102010032458A patent/DE102010032458A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-05-26 WO PCT/EP2011/002601 patent/WO2011154099A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-05-26 RU RU2013100986/08A patent/RU2579994C2/ru active
- 2011-05-26 EP EP11721722.4A patent/EP2580808A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1357395A1 (de) * | 2002-04-26 | 2003-10-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Miniaturisierter und hermetisch versiegelter Millimeterwellenradarsensor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2011154099A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2579994C2 (ru) | 2016-04-10 |
DE102010032458A1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
WO2011154099A1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
RU2013100986A (ru) | 2014-07-20 |
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