EP2578986A2 - Ballistic panel and procedure to obtain it - Google Patents

Ballistic panel and procedure to obtain it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2578986A2
EP2578986A2 EP12382322.1A EP12382322A EP2578986A2 EP 2578986 A2 EP2578986 A2 EP 2578986A2 EP 12382322 A EP12382322 A EP 12382322A EP 2578986 A2 EP2578986 A2 EP 2578986A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
area
layers
pack
vest
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12382322.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fernando Héctor Andujar
Miguel Angel Fulcheri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2578986A2 publication Critical patent/EP2578986A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0478—Fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with plastics layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to the field of provisions, techniques and products used for protecting and/or isolating spaces and persons against impacts, ballistic attacks, explosion fragments and others, and more specifically refers to a ballistic panel for armoring buildings, vehicles, clothing and personal protection items, ballistic vests, anti-shock panels, and others. Even though the panel is called “ballistic” its function is not restricted to stopping firearm projectiles and even when the product is described in connection to a body armor, it is clear that the panel is used for protecting buildings, vehicles and persons in general.
  • protection panels against all types of weapon attacks including firearms
  • firearms are increasingly expanding, in the search for protection of private and official vehicles, and these panels are permanently improved for application in body armor items.
  • Protection panels generally ballistic, include metal and ceramic materials which make them heavy and rigid and thus limit their usefulness in armor applications for vehicles such as money carriers, since their weight is significantly increased, which renders them economically inefficient. These panels are obviously an obstacle when used in body armor such as ballistic vests and clothing manufacturing.
  • Bullet-proof vests are personal body armor items which absorb the impact of projectiles shot at the torso of the individuals wearing them and of fragments produced by explosions.
  • the vests are made of several layers of laminated fibers or synthetic fabric and protect the person wearing them from projectiles shot by firearms and from the shrapnel of some hand-grenades.
  • metal or ceramic plates are usually added.
  • vests of varying protection degrees are manufactured by combining more or less dense woven fabrics with metal or ceramic plates: protection from handgun bullets, knives, rifles, fragments, etc.
  • a vest may also include loin protection, shoulder pads, neck pads and lateral protective padding. But in general, vests include a front panel for breast protection and a back panel for back protection.
  • Both the front and back panels are made of layers or plates of flexible and light-weight fabrics, such as fabrics made of synthetic fibers such as aramids, polyester, fiberglass, nylon and others, which have been used with relative efficiency for the manufacturing of ballistic protection clothing, such as bullet-proof vests, but which have shown that the effectiveness-weight trade-off has proved once again to be a significant factor.
  • fabrics for ballistic vest manufacturing we find woven or unwoven fabrics known by their trademarks Kevlar ® and Dyneema ® .
  • Other commercial fabrics similar to Kevlar ® are those known by their trademarks Twaron ® , Technora ® , Artec ® , and Heracron ® . These materials are part of the polyaramid family. These fabrics are heat-resistant and do not reach the thermoplastic state at high temperatures, but degrade or directly burn.
  • Kevlar ® or terephthalamide polyparaphenylene is a polyamide created by DuPont and is highly resistant.
  • Kevlar fiber There are two types of Kevlar fiber, Kevlar 29 and Kevlar 49.
  • Kevlar 29 is typically used in reinforcement applications due to its good mechanical properties or for fabrics, for example in the manufacturing of cables, resistant (protection) clothing or bullet-proof vests.
  • Dyneema ® is a polyethylene of ultra-high mollecular weight and is a fiber derived of a process known as "gel-spinning" where the polymer is spinned in molten state to form fibers with its polymeric chains aligned in the fibre.
  • Another product of the polyethylene family such as Dyneema ® is Spectra ® . Unlike polyaramides, these fabrics reach the thermoplastic state under certain temperatures.
  • the ballistic panel is also required to prevent the tremendous impact of the projectile from transferring to the user's body.
  • a bullet may well be stopped by the package of layers which make up the ballistic panel but perhaps the impact of the bullet, depending on its caliber and energy, may impact vital parts of the person's torso.
  • a powerful bullet may be stopped by the fabric package but if it impacts on the breastbone or heart area it may kill the person because of the shock energy transferred to the breast.
  • trauma protection materials combined with the highly resistant fabrics or plates placed inside the ballistic package, these trauma packs may work well with low-caliber projectiles but not with more powerful ones.
  • the large number of high-resistance layers or fabrics mentioned above are part of a ballistic package which must be compact, that is, there can be no moving of the fabrics because if they slip out of place they would leave areas with fewer layers than others. These areas, which are thinner if some layers have slipped, would be weakened, without the required resistance.
  • the layers are fixed by sewing them with high-resistance thread.
  • the stitch where the thread pierces the fabric is an open orifice in the ballistic package. Since two threads go through each stitch and since those threads are strained, the orifice is slightly expanded.
  • the purpose of this invention is providing a panel for protecting spaces, objects and persons, such as protection clothing offering different protection levels in different areas, at least with one flexible area and one cohesive area, preferably rigid and compact, capable of stopping the projectile and also of preventing the impact energy from transferring to the user's body in the case of bullet-proof vests.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is providing a panel for manufacturing body armor with at least one flexible area and at least one rigid and compact area capable of stopping a projectile and also of preventing the impact energy from transferring to the user's body in the case of bullet-proof vest manufacturing, where the rigid and compact area is shaped so as to adjust to the person's body.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is providing a ballistic panel made up of multiple layers formed by natural or synthetic fibers, where the panel includes at least one first area where the layers form a flexible pack, and at least one second area where the layers are stuck to each other forming a compact and rigid pack, which renders stitches to keep the layers in place unnecessary.
  • Yet another purpose of the present invention is providing a ballistic panel for protecting objects, spaces and persons, such as those used in armor packages and bullet-proof vests, made up by multiple layers formed by natural or synthetic fibers, where the panel includes at least one first area where said layers are connected among themselves in a flexible pack, and at least one second area where said layers are stuck together forming a cohesive and rigid pack.
  • Yet another purpose of the present invention is providing a procedure for obtaining a ballistic panel which includes the following steps:
  • Panel 1 includes a ballistic panel identified in Figure 1 under general reference 1.
  • Panel 1 can be used for the protection of objects, spaces and persons, as well as for armors, and is preferably designed for the manufacturing of bullet-proof vests.
  • Panel 1 is made up by multiple layers 2, indicated as 2a,..2n, for example 12, 24 or more layers, and at least one trauma pack 3 which may be optional and if used may be placed between the last layers 2, closer to the user's body or directly as a last layer, as shown on Figure 1 .
  • Layers 2 may be made of natural or synthetic fibers, and preferably with flexible fabrics or plates made of synthetic fibers and/or woven fabrics.
  • Kevlar ® is a polyamide, terephthalamide polyparaphenylene, sold by DuPont and Dyneema ® is a polyethylene of ultra-high molecular weight. Both fabrics are highly resistant and are therefore efficacious in ballistic applications and protection against sharp impacts, fragments, etc.
  • Panel 1 is shaped to cover the front and/or back of the user's torso, with a higher cut 4 to adjust to the user's neck and side cuts 5 to pass under the arm-pit and allow the front or back to flex so that the sides 7 can bend under the arms and cover the sides of the torso.
  • This design pattern is repeated for the panel covering the users's back and both panels, front and back, are placed, as known in the industry, adjusted and fixed firmly within a pocket with zips, and fasteners, velcro, etc. needed to make the vest to be worn and fixed to the torso.
  • Fabric layers 2 in panel 1 may be fixed together, for example by means of fasteners or stitching 8 which are necessary to keep the fabrics fixed together but without their losing their flexibility as a whole, which allows them to adjust to the user's torso. Stitching might not be necessary if the fabric package is temporarily fixed by other means until the fabrics are finally fixed together, as described below.
  • the number of layers 2 grouped together in a package as shown, can efficiently stop a projectile but the impact energy of the shot, even when the projectile has been stopped, could transfer to the user's body generating damages or death if the projectile is very powerful and hits vital organs, as shown in dotted lines in panel 1 and identified as 9.
  • trauma pack 3 may suffice to absorb the mentioned mechanical energy impact but when it is known to be insufficient for certain projectiles or weapons to be faced, area 9 may be covered, in a conventional vest, with a metal or ceramic plate, obviously adding considerable weight to the vest.
  • vital area 9 which may have any design shape, will be formed and/or made up of specific properties thanks to the concepts on which the invention is based.
  • the vest will have at least one first area formed by all those areas of the vest outside area 9, where layers 2a,.., 2n, are connected together, forming a flexible pack; and at least one second area, corresponding to area 9, where said layers are firmly glued together forming a preferably compact and rigid pack. That is, area 9 is at least one because there may be one or more areas 9 for protecting different vital organs, for example, the heart with the front panel and the kidneys with the back one. Even though area 9 has been represented with a triangular shape, the design of area 9 could vary according to the kind of protection needed.
  • Layers 2a,..,2n may include layers or plates made of natural or synthetic fibers, which may be woven or unwoven fabrics. Preferably, they will be synthetic fibers, though they may be fabrics of different characteristics such as Kevlar ® and Dyneema ® . In any of these two cases, at least one second area 9, made up by layers 2 of the panel, are technically fixed together.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the vest through cut line III-III, where one may see layers 2a,..,2n which have been stuck together in area 9 and thermally fixed through plate 10 or an adhesive layer, so as to form a rigid and compact pack which is per se a plate with better resistance or ballistic characteristics and/or an actual trauma pack, without the need to add heavier plates, such as ceramic plates.
  • each fabric layer 2 includes polyethylene fiber fabric of ultra-high molecular weight (such as Dyneema ® ), said thermal adhesion between the layers to form a the rigid and compact area 9, is attained by means of fusion and cohesion of pressed fibers in adjacent fabrics at least in one second area.
  • This fusion is obtained, as designed in the invention, by placing plate 11 which has a window or hole 12, shown in Figure 4 , following a procedure described below.
  • the ballistic panel of Figure 5 presents all the characteristics of panel 1, made of multiple fabric layers 2a,.., 2n, which may or may not include a trauma plate, but, unlike the manufacturing method for Figure 1 , the panel in Figure 5 , under reference 13, has a rigid and compact area 9, shaped to adjust to the user's body.
  • the rigid and compact area, identified under reference 14 in Figures 5 and 6 is shaped to adjust to the femenine user's breast, something which no vest had offered to date, providing the necessary safety of the flexible panel and improved ballistic qualities and trauma protection with the necessary rigidity and cohesion while adjusting to the body shape for increased comfort.
  • areas 9 and 14 will include fixed fabrics, making stitching less necessary or unnecessary, besides offering the mentioned trauma protection and improving the ballistic characteristics of the panel or pack.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show other alternatives to the invention with formed, cohesive and preferably rigid and compact areas, which form recesses on one or both sides of the panel.
  • Figure 7 shows a panel also made of several 2a to 2n layers which, according to the invention, presents one or more cohesive, preferably rigid and compact areas, 15a to 15n. Areas 15 may form recesses 16 on the side in touch with the user's body or on the side facing the shots or fragments. It has been proved that areas 15 may have any predetermined shape and may be placed according to a general pattern, which leads to improved ballistic qualities for the panel. Areas 17 placed between adjacent areas 15 prove to have better ballistic performance since the fabric layers are fixed on their edges defined by adjacent areas 15a and 15N, as shown on Figure 7 .
  • Figure 8 shows a cross section similar to Figure 7 , where the panel offers the same general characteristics than the panel on Figure 7 , where cohesive, preferably rigid and compact areas are indicated as 18a and 18n and, unlike areas 15 on Figure 7 , areas 18 define recesses 19 and 20, on both sides of the panel. Areas 21 are placed between adjacent areas 18 and offer better ballistic performance, as is the case with areas 17 on Figure 7 .
  • the first procedure may be used for making panels with terephthalamide polyparaphenylene fiber fabric (such as Kevlar ® ), which method includes the steps below:
  • this step of applying heat and pressure is attained by placing a hot-melt plate, for example a polyethylene plate 10, between each fabric and on second area 9, which will be thermally modified to become rigid and compact so as to provide trauma protection.
  • Plate 10 may be polyethylene of ultra-high molecular weight but also polyurethane of higher molecular weight, but more elastic.
  • Polyvinyl butyral may also be used and in general any thermoplastic material such as PVC and even polyester which reaches thermoplastic state at the desired temperatures during the process. Again, the temperature and pressure values depend on the material used.
  • the fabrics are polyethylene fibers of ultra-high molecular weight (such as Dyneema ® ), the fabrics are heat-sensitive and it is not necessary to use a hot-melt plate such as plate 10.
  • a heat-resistant plate 11 is used between each one of the layers 2a,.., 2n, and each layer 11 has a cut 12 shaped as second area 9, which allows heat and pressure to stick the fabrics together through cuts 12.
  • plate 11 will be a heat-resistant polyester plate applied to take Dyneema ® fabrics to their thermoplastic state and thus generate adhesion between them, except on plates 11. Plates 11 may be pre-cut or punched to be easily removed once the fusion and sticking of fabric layers 2 is over.
  • pressure it may be positive if a press under pressure is applied on regions 9 and 14 or it may be negative if the fabric pack, with plates 10 or 11, is put inside an airtight bag and is treated inside an autoclave.
  • the temperature of the procedure will be higher than 80°C and may reach 300°C, but preferably it will not exceed 150°C.
  • the highest temperature threshold will be that which suffices to take the desired materials to their thermoplastic state without reaching thermal degradation.
  • pressure we mean a pressure condition. For example, it may be positive pressure applied through a press, or negative pressure which sticks the fabrics together in an autoclave, or a combination of both, that is, applying positive pressure to a fabric pack inside an autoclave with negative pressure.
  • the step of applying heat and pressure may include the use of a matrix to deform the second rigid and compact area and to form area 14, shown on Figure 5 and shaped to adjust to the user of the bullet-proof vest which includes the panel, in the case, for example, of the breast of a feminine user.
  • a matrix to deform the second rigid and compact area and to form area 14 shown on Figure 5 and shaped to adjust to the user of the bullet-proof vest which includes the panel, in the case, for example, of the breast of a feminine user.
  • matrixes with projections and/or recesses which allow for defining the recesses on one or both sides of the panel.
  • the described panel is very comfortable without losing the capability of stopping the projectile and of providing trauma protection, with a flexible part which adjusts to the body where so much trauma protection is not needed and with modified parts, without adding plates or additional weight, so as to offer the desired trauma protection for specific body parts.
  • the vests manufactured with the described panel are lightweight and flexible, while resistant and capable of absorbing all types of punctual impacts.
  • the panel of the invention has been tested both for stopping projectiles, such as very powerful handgun projectiles, and for war weapons, where the results have been surprisingly positive.
  • the described panel stops the projectile and provides trauma protection, without needing to place a rigid barrier of maximum resistance with solid materials and serious structural manufacturing problems, such as ceramics, which given its fragility, shatters when hit by dynamic impact.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP12382322.1A 2011-08-09 2012-08-07 Ballistic panel and procedure to obtain it Withdrawn EP2578986A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ARP110102889A AR082607A1 (es) 2011-08-09 2011-08-09 Un panel balistico y procedimiento para obtenerlo

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2578986A2 true EP2578986A2 (en) 2013-04-10

Family

ID=47088773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12382322.1A Withdrawn EP2578986A2 (en) 2011-08-09 2012-08-07 Ballistic panel and procedure to obtain it

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20140060302A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2578986A2 (es)
AR (1) AR082607A1 (es)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9516900B2 (en) 2013-06-08 2016-12-13 Id Lab Inc. Protective stretchable material and garment made therewith
FR3089284A1 (fr) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-05 Gk Professional Elément de protection balistique comprenant une parti de protection renforcée et une partie de protection allégée
WO2021137782A1 (en) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-08 Onuk Hasan Talha A novel bullet proof composite texture and the production method thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX350493B (es) 2009-10-02 2017-09-07 Barrday Inc Telas de capas múltiples tejidas y métodos para fabricar las mismas.
US20200041230A1 (en) * 2018-08-06 2020-02-06 George Ramirez Method of making and deploying a bullet proof vest

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973275A (en) * 1975-08-28 1976-08-10 Maurice Blauer Armored garment
US4413357A (en) * 1979-11-07 1983-11-08 Michael Sacks Protective shields
US4550044A (en) * 1983-08-08 1985-10-29 Figgie International, Inc. Ballistic resistant armor panel and method of constructing the same
US4530111A (en) * 1983-08-26 1985-07-23 Multi-Tech Corporation Body armor
US4674394A (en) * 1985-10-16 1987-06-23 Pro-Tech Armored Products Of New York, Inc. Portable bullet-proof shield
US4774724A (en) * 1986-10-20 1988-10-04 Michael Sacks Protective garments
US5196252A (en) * 1990-11-19 1993-03-23 Allied-Signal Ballistic resistant fabric articles
US5187023A (en) * 1990-11-19 1993-02-16 Allied-Signal Inc. Ballistic resistant fabric articles
US5185195A (en) * 1990-11-19 1993-02-09 Allied-Signal Inc. Constructions having improved penetration resistance
WO1992020520A1 (en) * 1991-05-24 1992-11-26 Allied-Signal Inc. Flexible composites having rigid isolated panels and articles fabricated from same
US5479659A (en) * 1993-10-15 1996-01-02 Second Chance Body Armor, Inc. Lightweight ballistic resistant garments and method to produce the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9516900B2 (en) 2013-06-08 2016-12-13 Id Lab Inc. Protective stretchable material and garment made therewith
FR3089284A1 (fr) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-05 Gk Professional Elément de protection balistique comprenant une parti de protection renforcée et une partie de protection allégée
WO2021137782A1 (en) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-08 Onuk Hasan Talha A novel bullet proof composite texture and the production method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR082607A1 (es) 2012-12-19
US20140060302A1 (en) 2014-03-06

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