EP2573322B1 - Gebläseschaufel - Google Patents

Gebläseschaufel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2573322B1
EP2573322B1 EP12185422.8A EP12185422A EP2573322B1 EP 2573322 B1 EP2573322 B1 EP 2573322B1 EP 12185422 A EP12185422 A EP 12185422A EP 2573322 B1 EP2573322 B1 EP 2573322B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan blade
rib
main body
set forth
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12185422.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2573322A2 (de
EP2573322A3 (de
Inventor
Christopher S. McKaveney
Letain Wang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RTX Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Publication of EP2573322A2 publication Critical patent/EP2573322A2/de
Publication of EP2573322A3 publication Critical patent/EP2573322A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2573322B1 publication Critical patent/EP2573322B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/36—Application in turbines specially adapted for the fan of turbofan engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
    • F05D2250/13—Two-dimensional trapezoidal

Definitions

  • This application relates to a hollow fan blade for a gas turbine engine, wherein a unique rib geometry is utilized.
  • Gas turbine engines may be provided with a fan for delivering air to a compressor section. From the compressor section, the air is compressed and delivered into a combustion section. The combustion section mixes fuel with the air and combusts the combination. Products of the combustion pass downstream over turbine rotors, which in turn are driven to rotate and rotate the compressor and fan.
  • the fan may include a rotor having a plurality of blades.
  • One type of fan blade is a hollow fan blade having a plurality of channels defined by intermediate ribs in a main fan blade body. An outer skin is attached over the main fan blade body to close off the cavities.
  • the blades are subject to a number of challenges, including internal stresses that vary along a length of the fan blade.
  • Prior art fan blades are disclosed in EP 1 439281 A2 , EP 0731874 A1 , EP 0924380 A2 , EP 0926312 A2 , EP 1152123 A2 and US 6033186 .
  • a method of manufacturing an aerofoil is disclosed in EP 2014386 A1 .
  • a hollow airfoil and method of manufacturing the same is disclosed in EP 2239083 A1 .
  • the present invention provides a fan blade as recited in claim 1.
  • a fan blade 20 is illustrated in Figure 1A having an airfoil 18 extending radially outwardly from a dovetail 24.
  • a leading edge 21 and a trailing edge 22 define the forward and rear limits of the airfoil 18.
  • a fan rotor 16 receives the dovetail 24 to mount the fan blade 20 with the airfoil 18 extending radially outwardly. As the rotor 16 is driven to rotate, it carries the fan blades 20 with it. There are higher stresses adjacent to the rotor 16, than occur radially outwardly of the rotor.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the fan blade 20, at the airfoil 18.
  • the leading edge 21 carries a cap 37 secured to a main body 28.
  • a cover skin 32 closes off cavities or channels 30 in the main body 28.
  • the main body 28, the cap 37 and the skin 32 may all be formed of various aluminum alloys. While aluminum alloys or aluminum may be utilized, other materials, such as titanium, titanium alloys, or other appropriate metals may be utilized.
  • a plurality of ribs 26 separate channels 30 in the cross-section illustrated in Figure 2 . These channels 30 are closed off by the skin 32. As shown, the channels 30 extend from an open end inwardly to a closed side. The open end is closed off by skin 32. It is within the scope of this invention, however, that the channel extends across the width of the main body 28, and there are two skins on opposed sides of the main body 28.
  • the channels may be filled with lighter weight filler material to provide stiffness, as known.
  • a contact area 132 at the forward face of the ribs 26 serves as a mount point for the skin 32, and receives an adhesive.
  • Chamfers 38 are formed at the break-edges, or the edges of the ribs 26, and will be described in more detail below.
  • the channels 30 have a side extent formed by a compound radius 34 and 36, again to be described in greater detail below.
  • Figure 3 shows the main body 28.
  • the ribs 26 are formed such that they are thicker adjacent a radially inner edge 42, and become thinner when moving toward the radially outer portions 44.
  • ribs 26 are thinner at radially outer end 44 than at the inner end 42.
  • a thickness t 1 at the radially inner end 42 is greater than the thickness t 2 at the tip or radially outer end 44.
  • the ratio of t 1 to t 2 is between 1.1 and 8.
  • the variation need not be linear as shown in Figure 4 , and may be different across the several ribs.
  • a cross-section through the rib could be a trapezoid as shown in Figure 5A , wherein the bottom 50, which extends into the main body 28, is larger than the outer end 48 which attaches to the skin 32. Sides 46 are angled between the two ends 48 and 50.
  • Figure 5B shows a rectangular cross-section for the rib 26 wherein the ends 52 and 54 are generally of the same thickness, and the sides 56 are generally perpendicular to those ends.
  • Figure 5C shows yet another embodiment, wherein the ends 58 and 60 are of different thicknesses, and the sides 62 curve relative to each other along a particular radius.
  • the upper end 48/52/58 actually has a more complex surface at its break-edges.
  • Figure 6A shows the actual break-edge 38 on a rib 26.
  • the contact area 132 which will actually contact the skin, and provide a surface for receiving adhesive and securing the skin should be maximized.
  • the rib 26 has a nominal thickness t 3 at the upper end, if not for the chamfers 38. Stated another way, t 3 is the distance between sides 200 at the end of the chambers 38. The chamfers 38 extend for a thickness c measured in a plane perpendicular to the top edge 132.
  • a ratio of c to t 3 may be between 0.02 and 0.15.
  • the use of the chamfer at the break-edge location reduces the stress. There would otherwise be stress concentrations at that area.
  • the amount of surface area available to provide a good adhesion to the cover is still adequate.
  • Figure 6B shows an embodiment of a rib 64, wherein the break-edges are provided along a radius r 1 .
  • the ratio of r 1 to t 3 is between 0.02 and 0.15.
  • Figure 7 shows the surfaces 34 and 36 as illustrated in Figure 2 .
  • the areas at that side of the channels 30 are prone to stress concentrations.
  • a typical fillet, or single curve, may be considered for formation at that area to reduce stress.
  • a compound fillet having two curves 34 and 36 is utilized. Curve 34 is formed along a radius r 2 while curve 36 is formed along a radius r 3 . As is clear, r 2 is greater than r 3 . A ratio of r 3 to r 2 is between 0.03 and 0.25. More narrowly, it may be between 0.06 and 0.13.
  • the use of the compound fillet provides a great reduction in stress concentration, which would otherwise be maximized at the general location of the curve 36.
  • Figure 8 shows a radially inner end, bottom or termination 100 of a channel 30.
  • a compound curve or fillet including a bottom portion 104 formed at a radius r 4 and a side portion 102 formed at a radius r 5 , which merges into the side of the ribs.
  • r 5 is greater than r 4 . Again, this arrangement reduces a stress concentration at the corners which would otherwise be induced into the cavity terminations.
  • a ratio of r 4 to r 5 is between 0.03 and 0.25.
  • the compound fillets as disclosed in Figures 7 and 8 reduce stress concentrations with minimum weight increase. Further, the compound fillets may be provided with minimal additional cost, because multi-pass machining is not required. Instead, a cutter with a compound radius shape may be utilized.
  • the fan blade as described above reduces stresses that are raised during operations, when mounted in a gas turbine engine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Gebläseschaufel (20), umfassend einen Hauptkörper (28), der sich zwischen einer Vorderkante (21) und einer Hinterkante (22) erstreckt, und Kanäle (30) aufweisend, die von einer offenen Seite zu einer Innenseite in den Hauptkörper (28) gebildet sind, mit einer Vielzahl von Rippen (26), die sich quer durch den Hauptkörper (28) zwischen den Kanälen (30) erstreckt, wobei die Gebläseschaufel (20) einen Schwalbenschwanz (24) aufweist, und eine Schaufel (18), die sich radial von dem Schwalbenschwanz (24) auswärts erstreckt, wobei die Rippen (26) eine Dicke aufweisen, die als im Allgemeinen von der Vorderkante (21) in Richtung der Hinterkante (22) gemessen definiert ist, wobei eine Dicke von zumindest einer der Rippen (26) gebildet ist, sodass sie im Allgemeinen dicker benachbart zu einem radial inneren Rippenende (42) ist und sich in eine radial auswärtige Richtung bewegend dünner wird;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    ein Verhältnis einer Dicke (t1) der zumindest einen Rippe (26) ausgewählt nahe dem radial inneren Rippenende (42) verglichen mit einer Dicke (t2) ausgewählt nahe einem radial äußeren Rippenende (44) zwischen 1.1 und 8 beträgt, und dass
    eine Außenhaut (32) die Kanäle (30) auf der zumindest einen offenen Seite (48, 52, 58) verschließt.
  2. Gebläseschaufel (20) nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Querschnitt durch zumindest eine Rippe (26) von der offenen Seite (48) und in Richtung der Innenseite (50) trapezförmig ist.
  3. Gebläseschaufel (20) nach Anspruch 2, wobei ein Ende (48) der trapezförmigen Rippe (26) in Richtung der offenen Seite (48) beabstandet kleiner als ein Ende (50) auf der Innenseite (50) ist.
  4. Gebläseschaufel (20) nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Querschnitt genommen durch zumindest eine Rippe (26), die sich von der offenen Seite (52) und in Richtung der Innenseite (54) bewegt, rechteckig ist.
  5. Gebläseschaufel (20) nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Querschnitt durch zumindest eine Rippe (26) von der offenen Seite (58) in Richtung einer Innenseite (60) im Allgemeinen gebogene Seiten (62) aufweist und auf der offenen Seite (58) kleiner als auf der Innenseite (60) ist.
  6. Gebläseschaufel (20) nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die Außenhaut (32) und der Hauptkörper (28) beide aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierung gebildet sind.
  7. Gebläseschaufel (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Außenhaut (32) und der Hauptkörper (28) beide aus Titan oder einer Titanlegierung gebildet sind.
  8. Gebläseschaufel (20) nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei sich die Kanäle (30) von der offenen Seite (48) zu der Innenseite (60) innerhalb des Hauptkörpers (28) erstrecken.
EP12185422.8A 2011-09-23 2012-09-21 Gebläseschaufel Active EP2573322B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/241,756 US20130078103A1 (en) 2011-09-23 2011-09-23 Hollow fan blade rib geometry

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2573322A2 EP2573322A2 (de) 2013-03-27
EP2573322A3 EP2573322A3 (de) 2015-05-20
EP2573322B1 true EP2573322B1 (de) 2020-04-29

Family

ID=47008323

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12185422.8A Active EP2573322B1 (de) 2011-09-23 2012-09-21 Gebläseschaufel

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US20130078103A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2573322B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10370984B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2019-08-06 United Technologies Corporation Aluminum alloy airfoil with designed crystallographic texture
US11867084B1 (en) * 2022-12-20 2024-01-09 Rtx Corporation Hollow airfoil construction using cover subassembly

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5443367A (en) * 1994-02-22 1995-08-22 United Technologies Corporation Hollow fan blade dovetail
US5913661A (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-06-22 General Electric Company Striated hybrid blade
US6039542A (en) * 1997-12-24 2000-03-21 General Electric Company Panel damped hybrid blade
US6033186A (en) * 1999-04-16 2000-03-07 General Electric Company Frequency tuned hybrid blade
US6364616B1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2002-04-02 General Electric Company Submerged rib hybrid blade
DE10301755A1 (de) * 2003-01-18 2004-07-29 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Fanschaufel für ein Gasturbienentriebwerk
GB2450934B (en) * 2007-07-13 2009-10-07 Rolls Royce Plc A Component with a damping filler
US8240999B2 (en) * 2009-03-31 2012-08-14 United Technologies Corporation Internally supported airfoil and method for internally supporting a hollow airfoil during manufacturing
US20120237351A1 (en) * 2011-03-17 2012-09-20 Weisse Michael A Retention for bonded hollow fan blade cover

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2573322A2 (de) 2013-03-27
US20130078103A1 (en) 2013-03-28
EP2573322A3 (de) 2015-05-20

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