EP2560909B1 - Operational state monitoring of load-bearing devices in a lift assembly - Google Patents
Operational state monitoring of load-bearing devices in a lift assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2560909B1 EP2560909B1 EP11714628.2A EP11714628A EP2560909B1 EP 2560909 B1 EP2560909 B1 EP 2560909B1 EP 11714628 A EP11714628 A EP 11714628A EP 2560909 B1 EP2560909 B1 EP 2560909B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support means
- slack
- counterweight
- support
- switches
- Prior art date
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 46
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010021118 Hypotonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000017561 flaccidity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/12—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of rope or cable slack
- B66B5/125—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of rope or cable slack electrical
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an elevator installation, in which a monitoring device or device for operating state monitoring of the suspension elements on the cabin side and the counterweight side of the elevator installation is provided.
- An elevator installation generally comprises an elevator cage and a counterweight, which are moved in opposite directions in an elevator shaft.
- the elevator car and the counterweight in this case run along guide rails, supported by at least one suspension element, which is guided via a driving traction sheave.
- the suspension means usually consists of one or more uncoated or sheathed steel cables, one or more synthetic fiber ropes, one or more flat or profiled belts (eg V-ribbed belts) or a parallel composite of the respective embodiments mentioned, in which each individual suspension means each have one own traction sheave or a common drive shaft can be performed.
- the large traction can further raise the elevator car, although the counterweight could be blocked in its downward movement by unforeseen jamming in the elevator shaft or by accidental seating on the shaft floor buffers.
- the same problem can occur in the counterweight, if the elevator car on should sit on the shaft bottom buffers. This rising of a load - be it the elevator car or the counterweight - on one side of the traction sheave, without running on the other side of the traction sheave, the intended counter load freely descending, is not desirable and can lead to dangerous conditions (for example, to a falling back of the elevator car or the counterweight or jamming of service personnel in the shaft head).
- slack rope switches are often used to detect corresponding dangerous situations in the elevator installation. Depending on the arrangement and design of these switches so that different dangerous situations can be detected.
- monitoring devices have been developed for the detection of a relieved, floppy suspension element. They are based, as for example in the European publication EP-A1-1 953 108 disclosed on a spring-mounted mounting of the entire drive and a deflection unit with at least two other rollers for the support means. This approach is very expensive.
- WO-A1-2007 / 144456 discloses a direct, also spring-reinforced attachment of the support means itself.
- WO-A1-2007 / 144456 discloses an elevator device with elevator car, counterweight and a 2: 1 support means guide, wherein at each Tragstoffende a separate switch for detecting a support means flaccidity is provided. A relaxation of a spring which occurs at the fixed attachment point of the suspension element due to its release triggers the switch which shuts off the drive.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a monitoring device for the detection of slack support means of a lift installation, which is characterized by a simpler and more cost-effective structure and avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is important, despite the simplification of the structure, to ensure reliable detection of a slackening due to an accident support means.
- the present application generally defines two fixed fastening points for a suspension element, to which the suspension element is fixed in place, for example, in the upper region of the elevator shaft.
- the support means is guided for example via a traction sheave or a common drive shaft and thus forms two loops.
- the elevator car is carried with at least one carrying roller, in the other with at least one carrying roller the counterweight.
- the support means thus forms a plurality of support means sections or support center pieces that vary in their respective length during operation of the elevator system.
- the support means sections lie between respective attack or force approach points.
- a first suspension element section of the entire suspension element is formed between one of the stationary attachment points and a counterweight support roller of the counterweight or a point of application of the suspension element on the counterweight.
- a second suspension element section of the entire suspension element is formed between the counterweight support roller of the counterweight or the point of application of the suspension element on the counterweight and the traction sheave.
- This second suspension element section is also referred to below as the counterweight-side suspension element section.
- a third suspension element section of the entire suspension element is formed between the traction sheave and a point of application of the suspension element on the elevator cage or a cabin roll of the elevator cage.
- This third suspension element section is also referred to below as the cabin-side suspension element section.
- a fourth and usually last suspension element section of the entire suspension element is between the cabin roll of the Elevator car or the point of application of the support means to the elevator car or - if the elevator car is supported by at least two Kabinentragrollen - formed a second Kabinentragrolle the elevator car or a second point of the support means to the elevator car and the other stationary attachment point.
- the monitoring device provides for a sluggish contactor switch which is switched on in the normal operating state, i. closed is. However, once one of the support means slackens, the slug support switch is interrupted, i. open.
- the invention enables monitoring of all critical conditions in an elevator installation with a minimum of sluggish support switches.
- the construction is simple, robust and reliable.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a portion of an elevator installation 100 with an elevator car 20 and a counter-rotating counterweight 5 in a 2: 1 constellation with two parallel support means 1a, 1b.
- a front support means 1a forms from a first attachment point 2a on the shaft ceiling 11 of the elevator shaft 10 to the traction sheave 3a a carrying loop 4a, in which the counterweight 5 runs by means of a counterweight carrying roller 6a.
- This type of suspension of the counterweight represents a 2: 1 suspension.
- traction sheave 3a, 3b here also means a drive shaft made of one piece, over which both suspension elements 1a, 1b run.
- suspension element 1a forms from the traction sheave 3a to a second fixed point 2b on the shaft ceiling 11 a second carrying loop 4b, in which the elevator cage 20 is carried on cabin-carrying rollers 7a and 7b.
- This suspension also represents a 2: 1 suspension for the elevator car 20.
- the rear support means 1b takes a corresponding course. Starting from the attachment point 2c on the shaft ceiling 11 of the elevator shaft 10 to the traction sheave 3b, the rear support means 1b forms a support loop 4c in which the counterweight 5 runs by means of a counterweight support roller 6b.
- the support means 1 b further forms from the traction sheave 3 b to a second fixed point 2 d at the shaft ceiling 11 a second carrying loop 4 d, in which the elevator car 20 is carried on car support rollers 7 c and 7 d (the car carrier roller 7 c can not be seen here since it is behind and located under the elevator car 20).
- a hoistway 10 is shown.
- the counterweight 5 was shown slightly below the elevator car 20, although the counterweight 5 would actually reach the shaft bottom (not visible) when the elevator car 20 of the shaft ceiling 11, ie approaching an uppermost holding position.
- two counterweight carrying rollers 6a and 6b are provided here in the area of the upper side. These counterweight support rollers 6a and 6b are seated in the suspension means loops 4a and 4c.
- the elevator car 20 here has a lower loop.
- the elevator car 20 For this purpose, below the elevator car 20 four carousel rollers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d are arranged below the elevator car 20.
- the elevator car 20 is seated in the two with these car carrier rollers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d Carrier loops 4b, 4d.
- the attachment points 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d sit here in the region of the shaft ceiling 11.
- the attachment points can also be attached, for example, to the shaft walls of the elevator shaft 10 or to another stationary, stable structure (eg to crossbeams or a frame).
- the two traction sheaves 3a, 3b are driven by a common drive 8. In the example shown, they sit for this purpose on a continuous shaft 19 which is coaxial with the axes of rotation of the traction sheaves 3a, 3b sitting.
- the slack support switches 12a, 12b are in FIG Fig. 1 purely schematically indicated by block diagrams with switch symbol.
- the operative connection or the action of the respective support means 1a, 1b on these slack support means switches 12a, 12b is indicated by arrows a, b, which point to the switch symbol.
- the support means 1a triggers the Schlafftragstoffschalter 12a in an accident and the support means 1b triggers the Schlafftragschalter 12b in an accident.
- the two slug support switches 12a, 12b are connected in series such that the opening of one of the two slack support switch 12a, 12b interrupts a safety circuit 13 of the elevator installation 100.
- the series connection of the two slug support switches 12a, 12b is in Fig. 1 symbolized by two lines which open into a safety circuit 30 (shown here as a block). If both slug support switches 12a, 12b are closed (which is the case in normal operation), then the safety circuit 13 is closed and conducts current. If one or both of the floppy support switches 12a, 12b open, then the safety circuit 13 is interrupted (called malfunction).
- the invention is based on the recognition that it is necessary for the recognition of suspension element breaks that each day means 1a and 1b is monitored by a switch, here referred to as sluggish support switch 12a, 12b.
- This switch must be designed and arranged so that it responds in the case of slackening (breakage) of the support means 1a or 1b.
- a slack support switch 12a, 12b is disposed on the counterweight side, i. at the first attachment point 2a or at the attachment point 2c. Namely, if the elevator car 20 is further upwardly supported when the counterweight 5 is locked due to the good traction on the traction sheaves 3a, 3b, the counterweight-side carrying loops 4a and 4c slacken. This can be seen by placing a slack support switch either at the attachment point 2a or at the attachment point 2c.
- the slack support means switch 12a, 12b is arranged on the cabin side. That is, in this case, the slack support switch 12a, 12b is disposed in the region of the second attachment point 2b or fourth attachment point 2d.
- Fig. 1 can be followed, arise in a lift system 100 with 2: 1 suspension and two parallel support means 1a, 1b, the following trigger situations: accident Floating support switch 12a Floating support switch 12b Breakage of the suspension element 1a Triggers Breakage of the suspension element 1b Triggers Counterweight 5 blocked Triggers because the suspension 1a is flabby Elevator car 20 blocked Triggers because the support means 1b becomes flabby
- Fig. 2 In a schematic block diagram, details of a safety circuit of an elevator installation 100 are shown.
- the block diagram in Fig. 2 shows an example of a simple safety circuit 13.
- the safety circuit 13 of the safety circuit 30 all safety-related functions in the elevator system 100 are continuously monitored. There are typically different levels be monitored depending on the respective operating state of the elevator system 100.
- Fig. 2 For example, an example is shown with three levels E1, E2, and E3, with the switches of levels E2 and E3 not shown.
- the slack support switches 12a and 12b are arranged in series in this first embodiment in the first level E1. Both slug support switches 12a, 12b are closed, meaning that none of the slack support switch 12a, 12b has triggered (normal mode).
- the two slug support switches 12a, 12b are arranged in the safety circuit 13 at different levels (such as planes E1 and E2). It is not mandatory that the slack support switches 12a, 12b are always physically connected in series. Functionally, however, it is in each case a series connection, since each of the slack support switch 12a, 12b can interrupt the safety circuit 13.
- the safety circuit 13 is fed here with a DC voltage V +.
- the second conductor (return conductor) is for example at 0 volts. If one of the switches in the safety circuit 13, for example one of the two slug support switches 12a, 12b opens, eg because of a suspension element breakage or a stalling situation, then the current flow in the safety circuit 13 is interrupted and it can be a relay, transistor or other switching element (not shown). trigger an emergency stop.
- the slack support switch 12a, 12b are designed as "opener". That when triggering the slack support switch 12a, 12b (trigger situations according to the table), the slack support switch 12a, 12b are opened and thus the safety circuit 13 is interrupted.
- a sluggish support switch 12a is shown in exemplary schematic form.
- the slack support switch 12a here comprises a spring body 14, which is supported on the underside opposite a bracket 15 or other stationary component.
- the support means 1a extends centrally through the spring body 14 and is attached to an upper side at an attachment point 16. This attachment point 16 corresponds for example to the first attachment point 2a.
- the suspension element 1a is loaded in tension, as in Fig. 3A represented by the tensile force F, the spring body 1 is compressed together and the first contact 17a moves down. In this case, the first contact 17a is seated on the contact 17b and a conductive connection is made.
- the electrical contact points K1 and K2 are connected and the switch 12a is closed.
- Fig. 3B shows the situation after a Tragstoffbruch the support means 1a. There is no sufficiently large tensile force F more and the spring body 14 expands. As a result, the first contact 17a shifts upward and the electrically conductive Connection between K1 and K2 is interrupted. Since this slack support switch 12a is located in the safety circuit 13, as in Fig. 2 shown, the safety circuit would be 13 in Fig. 3B opened and the elevator system 100 would rest.
- the slack support switch 12a, 12b can also be constructed differently. Instead of a compression of a spring or a spring body 14, a tensile load or extension of a spring or a spring body can be used in normal operation to realize a Schlafftragschalter. It is also the other common slug support switch in the context of the present invention can be used, the slack support switch must be designed so that they are always closed in normal operation and open in case of failure.
- the invention can also be applied analogously to an elevator installation 100 with four suspension elements.
- only four slack support switches are required, of which one is used per suspension element. All in all, these four slippery support switches are again diagonally arranged in pairs.
- the invention can also be applied to an elevator installation 100, in which the elevator car 20 is not subdued.
- the cab support rollers sit at the top of the elevator car 20.
- this does not change the arrangement of the slack support switch.
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- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Aufzugsanlage, bei der eine Überwachungseinrichtung bzw. Vorrichtung zur Betriebszustandsüberwachung der Tragmittel auf der Kabinenseite und der Gegengewichtsseite der Aufzugsanlage vorgesehen ist.The present invention relates to an elevator installation, in which a monitoring device or device for operating state monitoring of the suspension elements on the cabin side and the counterweight side of the elevator installation is provided.
Eine Aufzugsanlage umfasst in der Regel eine Aufzugskabine und ein Gegengewicht, die gegenläufig in einem Aufzugsschacht bewegt werden. Die Aufzugskabine und das Gegengewicht laufen hierbei entlang von Führungsschienen, getragen von mindestens einem Tragmittel, das über eine antreibende Treibscheibe geführt ist. Das Tragmittel besteht üblicherweise aus einem oder mehreren nicht ummantelten oder ummantelten Stahlseilen, einem oder mehreren Kunstfaser-Seilen, einem oder mehreren Flach- oder Profilriemen (z.B. Keilrippenriemen) oder einem parallel verlaufenden Verbund der jeweiligen genannten Ausführungen, bei dem jedes einzelne Tragmittel über je eine eigene Treibscheibe oder eine gemeinsame Treibwelle geführt sein kann.An elevator installation generally comprises an elevator cage and a counterweight, which are moved in opposite directions in an elevator shaft. The elevator car and the counterweight in this case run along guide rails, supported by at least one suspension element, which is guided via a driving traction sheave. The suspension means usually consists of one or more uncoated or sheathed steel cables, one or more synthetic fiber ropes, one or more flat or profiled belts (eg V-ribbed belts) or a parallel composite of the respective embodiments mentioned, in which each individual suspension means each have one own traction sheave or a common drive shaft can be performed.
Mit modernen Tragmitteln ist eine sehr hohe Traktion auf der antreibenden Treibscheibe/Treibwelle realisierbar, vor allem dann, wenn kunststoffummantelte Tragmittel zum Einsatz kommen, die verglichen mit klassischen Stahlseilen einen deutlich höheren Reibwert aufweisen.With modern suspension means a very high traction on the driving pulley / drive shaft can be realized, especially when plastic-coated suspension elements are used, which have a significantly higher coefficient of friction compared to traditional steel cables.
Durch die grosse Traktion kann beispielsweise die Aufzugskabine weiter angehoben werden, obwohl das Gegengewicht in seiner Abwärtsbewegung durch ein unvorhergesehenes Verklemmen im Aufzugsschacht oder durch ein unvorhergesehenes Aufsitzen auf den Schachtboden-Puffern blockiert sein könnte. Dasselbe Problem kann beim Gegengewicht auftreten, falls die Aufzugskabine auf den Schachtboden-Puffern aufsitzen sollte. Dieses Hochsteigen einer Last - sei es der Aufzugskabine oder des Gegengewichts - an einer Seite der Treibscheibe, ohne dass an der anderen Seite der Treibscheibe die vorgesehene Gegenlast frei absteigend mitläuft, ist nicht erwünscht und kann zu gefährlichen Zuständen (bspw. zu einem Zurückfallen der Aufzugskabine oder des Gegengewichts oder einem Einklemmen von Wartungspersonal im Schachtkopf) führen.For example, the large traction can further raise the elevator car, although the counterweight could be blocked in its downward movement by unforeseen jamming in the elevator shaft or by accidental seating on the shaft floor buffers. The same problem can occur in the counterweight, if the elevator car on should sit on the shaft bottom buffers. This rising of a load - be it the elevator car or the counterweight - on one side of the traction sheave, without running on the other side of the traction sheave, the intended counter load freely descending, is not desirable and can lead to dangerous conditions (for example, to a falling back of the elevator car or the counterweight or jamming of service personnel in the shaft head).
Entsprechend verschiedener Normenvorschriften und aufgrund von Sicherheitsüberlegungen werden daher vielfach sogenannte Schlaffseilschalter zur Erkennung entsprechender Gefahrensituationen in der Aufzugsanlage eingesetzt. Abhängig von der Anordnung und Ausführung dieser Schalter können damit unterschiedliche Gefahrensituationen erkannt werden.In accordance with various standards regulations and due to safety considerations, so-called slack rope switches are often used to detect corresponding dangerous situations in the elevator installation. Depending on the arrangement and design of these switches so that different dangerous situations can be detected.
Demzufolge sind Überwachungseinrichtungen zur Detektion eines entlasteten, schlaffen Tragmittels entwickelt worden. Sie basieren, wie beispielsweise in der europäischen Veröffentlichungsschrift
Die internationale Veröffentlichungsschrift
Die Nachteile dieser beiden Lösungen gemäss Stand der Technik sind einerseits der konstruktive Aufwand und andererseits die Kosten.The disadvantages of these two solutions according to the prior art are on the one hand the design effort and on the other hand the cost.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, eine Überwachungseinrichtung zur Detektion von schlaffen Tragmitteln einer Aufzugsanlage vorzuschlagen, die sich durch einen einfacheren und kostengünstigeren Aufbau auszeichnet und die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet. Insbesondere geht es darum trotz der Vereinfachung des Aufbaus eine sichere Detektion eines aufgrund eines Störfalls erschlafften Tragmittels zu gewährleisten.The object of the present invention is to propose a monitoring device for the detection of slack support means of a lift installation, which is characterized by a simpler and more cost-effective structure and avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is important, despite the simplification of the structure, to ensure reliable detection of a slackening due to an accident support means.
Bisher wurde es als notwendig betrachtet zur Vermeidung aller potentiellen Gefahrensituationen sämtliche Tragmittel sowohl auf der Gegengewichtsseite, als auch auf der Kabinenseite zu überwachen. Entsprechende Anordnungen sind der bereits eingangs genannten Veröffentlichungsschrift
Die Lösung der Aufgabe besteht zunächst in der Konzeption und Anordnung einer Überwachungseinrichtung, bei der an einem ersten Tragmittelstrang lediglich ein erster Schlafftragmittelschalter, beispielsweise am gegengewichtsseitigen Strangende, und an einem zweiten Tragmittelstrang ein zweiter Schlafftragmittelschalter, beispielsweise am kabinenseitigen Strangende angeordnet sind. Gegenüber dem Stand der Technik lassen sich so ohne Sicherheitseinbusse zwei Schlafftragmittelschalter einsparen.The solution of the problem is initially in the design and arrangement of a monitoring device in which only a first Schlafftragmittelschalter, for example, on Gegengewichtsseitigen strand end, and on a second Tragmittelstrang a second Schlafftragmittelschalter, for example, on the cabin side strand end are arranged on a first suspension element strand. Compared to the state of the art, it is thus possible to save two slack support switch without loss of security.
Zur weiteren begrifflichen Klarheit definiert die vorliegende Anmeldung für ein Tragmittel in der Regel zwei fixe Befestigungspunkte, an denen das Tragmittel beispielsweise im oberen Bereich des Aufzugsschachts ortsfest befestigt ist. Das Tragmittel ist beispielsweise über eine Treibscheibe oder eine gemeinsame Treibwelle geführt und bildet so zwei Schlaufen. In einer davon wird mit mindestens einer Tragrolle die Aufzugskabine getragen, in der anderen mit mindestens einer Tragrolle das Gegengewicht.For further conceptual clarity, the present application generally defines two fixed fastening points for a suspension element, to which the suspension element is fixed in place, for example, in the upper region of the elevator shaft. The support means is guided for example via a traction sheave or a common drive shaft and thus forms two loops. In one of them, the elevator car is carried with at least one carrying roller, in the other with at least one carrying roller the counterweight.
Das Tragmittel bildet somit mehrere Tragmittel-Abschnitte oder Tragmittelstücke, die beim Betrieb der Aufzugsanlage in ihrer jeweiligen Länge variieren. Die Tragmittel-Abschnitte liegen zwischen jeweiligen Angriffs- bzw. Kraftansatzpunkten. So ist beispielsweise ein erster Tragmittel-Abschnitt des gesamten Tragmittels zwischen einem der ortsfesten Befestigungspunkte und einer Gegengewichtstragrolle des Gegengewichts bzw. einem Angriffspunkt des Tragmittels an dem Gegengewicht gebildet.The support means thus forms a plurality of support means sections or support center pieces that vary in their respective length during operation of the elevator system. The support means sections lie between respective attack or force approach points. Thus, for example, a first suspension element section of the entire suspension element is formed between one of the stationary attachment points and a counterweight support roller of the counterweight or a point of application of the suspension element on the counterweight.
Ein zweiter Tragmittel-Abschnitt des gesamten Tragmittels ist zwischen der Gegengewichtstragrolle des Gegengewichts bzw. dem Angriffspunkt des Tragmittels an dem Gegengewicht und der Treibscheibe gebildet. Dieser zweite Tragmittel-Abschnitt wird im Folgenden auch gegengewichtsseitiger Tragmittel-Abschnitt bezeichnet.A second suspension element section of the entire suspension element is formed between the counterweight support roller of the counterweight or the point of application of the suspension element on the counterweight and the traction sheave. This second suspension element section is also referred to below as the counterweight-side suspension element section.
Ein dritter Tragmittel-Abschnitt des gesamten Tragmittels ist zwischen der Treibscheibe und einem Angriffspunkt des Tragmittels an der Aufzugskabine bzw. einer Kabinentragrolle der Aufzugskabine gebildet. Dieser dritte Tragmittel-Abschnitt wird im Folgenden auch kabinenseitiger Tragmittel-Abschnitt bezeichnet.A third suspension element section of the entire suspension element is formed between the traction sheave and a point of application of the suspension element on the elevator cage or a cabin roll of the elevator cage. This third suspension element section is also referred to below as the cabin-side suspension element section.
Ein vierter und in der Regel letzter Tragmittel-Abschnitt des gesamten Tragmittels ist zwischen der Kabinentragrolle der Aufzugskabine bzw. dem Angriffspunkt des Tragmittels an der Aufzugskabine bzw. - wenn die Aufzugskabine unterschlungen bzw. von mindestens zwei Kabinentragrollen getragen ist - einer zweiten Kabinentragrolle der Aufzugskabine bzw. einem zweiten Angriffspunkt des Tragmittels an der Aufzugskabine und dem anderen ortsfesten Befestigungspunkt gebildet.A fourth and usually last suspension element section of the entire suspension element is between the cabin roll of the Elevator car or the point of application of the support means to the elevator car or - if the elevator car is supported by at least two Kabinentragrollen - formed a second Kabinentragrolle the elevator car or a second point of the support means to the elevator car and the other stationary attachment point.
Lösungsvorschläge aus dem Stand der Technik, wie beispielsweise in der internationalen Veröffentlichungsschrift
Die erfindungsgemässe Überwachungseinrichtung hingegen sieht einen Schlafftragmittelschalter vor, der im normalen Betriebszustand eingeschaltet, d.h. geschlossen, ist. Sobald jedoch eines der Tragmittel erschlafft, wird der Schlafftragmittelschalter unterbrochen, d.h. geöffnet.The monitoring device according to the invention, on the other hand, provides for a sluggish contactor switch which is switched on in the normal operating state, i. closed is. However, once one of the support means slackens, the slug support switch is interrupted, i. open.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht die Überwachung aller kritischen Zustände in einer Aufzugsanlage mit einem Minimum an Schlafftragmittelschaltern. Der Aufbau ist einfach, robust und zuverlässig.The invention enables monitoring of all critical conditions in an elevator installation with a minimum of sluggish support switches. The construction is simple, robust and reliable.
Weitere oder vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen einer erfindungsgemässen Aufzugsanlage bilden die Gegenstände der abhängigen Ansprüche.Further or advantageous embodiments of an inventive elevator system form the subject of the dependent claims.
Anhand von Figuren wird die Erfindung symbolisch und beispielhaft näher erläutert. Die Figuren werden zusammenhängend und übergreifend beschrieben. Gleiche Bezugszeichen bedeuten gleiche Bauteile, Bezugszeichen mit unterschiedlichen Indices geben funktionsgleiche oder ähnliche Bauteile an.The invention will be explained symbolically and by way of example with reference to figures. The figures are described coherently and comprehensively. The same reference symbols denote the same components, reference symbols with different indices indicate functionally identical or similar components.
Es zeigen dabei
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Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Teils einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer Aufzugskabine und einem sich gegenläufig bewegenden Gegengewicht in einer 2:1 Konstellation mit zwei parallel verlaufenden Tragmitteln; -
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer Sicherheitsschaltung einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Aufzugsanlage; -
Fig. 3A eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Schlafftragmittelschalter, gemäss Erfindung, in einem geschlossenen Zustand (Normalbetriebszustand); -
Fig. 3B eine schematische Seitenansicht des Schlafftragmittelschalters nachFig. 3B , gemäss Erfindung, in einem geöffneten Zustand (Störungsfall);
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Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a portion of an elevator system with an elevator car and a counter-rotating counterweight in a 2: 1 constellation with two parallel support means; -
Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a safety circuit of an embodiment of an elevator system according to the invention; -
Fig. 3A a schematic side view of a Schlafftragmittelschalter, according to the invention, in a closed state (normal operating state); -
Fig. 3B a schematic side view of the Schlafftragmittelschalters afterFig. 3B , According to the invention, in an open state (fault case);
Unter dem Begriff "Treibscheibe" 3a, 3b ist hier auch eine aus einem Stück gefertigte Treibwelle gemeint, über die beide Tragmittel 1a, 1b laufen.The term "traction sheave" 3a, 3b here also means a drive shaft made of one piece, over which both
Das Tragmittel 1a bildet des Weiteren von der Treibscheibe 3a bis zu einem zweiten Fixpunkt 2b an der Schachtdecke 11 eine zweite Tragschlaufe 4b, in der die Aufzugskabine 20 auf Kabinentragrollen 7a und 7b getragen wird. Auch diese Aufhängung stellt für die Aufzugskabine 20 eine 2:1-Aufhängung dar.Furthermore, the suspension element 1a forms from the
Das hintere Tragmittel 1b nimmt einen.entsprechenden Verlauf. Ausgehend von dem Befestigungspunkt 2c an der Schachtdecke 11 des Aufzugsschachtes 10 bis zu der Treibscheibe 3b, bildet das hintere Tragmittel 1b eine Tragschlaufe 4c, in der das Gegengewicht 5 mittels einer Gegengewichtstragrolle 6b läuft. Das Tragmittel 1b bildet des Weiteren von der Treibscheibe 3b bis zu einem zweiten Fixpunkt 2d an der Schachtdecke 11 eine zweite Tragschlaufe 4d, in der die Aufzugskabine 20 auf Kabinentragrollen 7c und 7d getragen wird (die Kabinentragrolle 7c ist hier nicht zu erkennen, da sie hinter und unter der Aufzugskabine 20 angeordnet ist).The rear support means 1b takes a corresponding course. Starting from the
Im Folgenden sind weitere Details der beispielhaften Aufzugsanlage 100 gemäss
Die beiden Treibscheiben 3a, 3b werden von einem gemeinsamen Antrieb 8 angetrieben. Im gezeigten Beispiel sitzen sie zu diesem Zweck auf einer durchgängigen Welle 19, die koaxial zu den Drehachsen der Treibscheiben 3a, 3b sitzt.The two
Die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b sind in
Die beiden Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b sind so in Reihe geschaltet, dass das Öffnen bereits eines der beiden Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b einen Sicherheitskreis 13 der Aufzugsanlage 100 unterbricht. Die Reihenschaltung der beiden Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b ist in
Die Erfindung basiert auf der Erkenntnis, dass es zur Erkennung von Tragmittelbrüchen erforderlich ist, dass jedes Tagmittel 1a und 1b von einem Schalter, hier Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b genannt, überwacht wird. Dieser Schalter muss so ausgebildet und angeordnet sein, dass er im Falle des Erschlaffens (Bruch) des Tragmittels 1a oder 1b anspricht. Zur Erkennung von "Tragmittelbrüchen" ist es dabei nicht entscheidend, ob diese Form der Überwachung am ersten Tragmittel 1a z.B. an einem ersten Befestigungspunkt 2a auf der Gegengewichtsseite oder an einem zweiten Befestigungspunkt 2b auf der Kabinenseite erfolgt. D.h. zum Erkennen eines Tragmittelbruchs braucht es pro Tragmittel 1a, 1b nur einen Schalter, der an einem beliebigen Ende angeordnet sein kann.The invention is based on the recognition that it is necessary for the recognition of suspension element breaks that each day means 1a and 1b is monitored by a switch, here referred to as
Zur Erkennung eines unbeabsichtigten Anhebens der Aufzugskabine 20 bei blockiertem Gegengewicht 5 (Stalling genannt), ist ein Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b auf der Gegengewichtsseite angeordnet, d.h. an dem ersten Befestigungspunkt 2a oder an dem Befestigungspunkt 2c. Wenn nämlich die Aufzugskabine 20 bei blockiertem Gegengewicht 5 aufgrund der guten Traktion an den Treibscheiben 3a, 3b weiter nach oben gefördert wird, so erschlaffen die gegengewichtsseitigen Tragschlaufen 4a und 4c. Dies ist erkennbar, indem ein Schlafftragmittelschalter entweder an dem Befestigungspunkt 2a oder an dem Befestigungspunkt 2c angeordnet ist.To detect inadvertent lifting of the
Zur Erkennung eines unbeabsichtigten Anhebens des Gegengewichts 5 bei blockierter Aufzugskabine 20 (Stalling genannt) ist der Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b auf der Kabinenseite angeordnet. D.h. in diesem Fall ist der Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b im Bereich des zweiten Befestigungspunkts 2b oder vierten Befestigungspunkts 2d angeordnet.In order to detect an unintentional lifting of the
Da aber zusätzlich zu den Anforderungen, die sich aus der Stalling-Überwachung ergeben, auch eine Überwachung eines möglichen Tragmittelbruchs erfolgt, ergibt sich eine diagonale Anordnung der Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b. Entweder sitzen die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b diagonal an den Befestigungspunkten 2a und 2d, wie in
Wie anhand von
In
Die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a und 12b sind hier in dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform in Reihe geschaltet in der 1. Ebene E1 angeordnet. Beide Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b sind geschlossen, was bedeutet, das keiner der Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b ausgelöst hat (Normalbetriebszustand).The slack support switches 12a and 12b are arranged in series in this first embodiment in the first level E1. Both
In einer anderen Ausführungsform sind die beiden Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b aber im Sicherheitskreis 13 auf verschiedenen Ebenen (wie bspw. die Ebenen E1 und E2) angeordnet. Es ist nicht zwingend erforderlich, dass die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b immer physisch in Reihe geschalten sind. Funktional handelt es sich jedoch in jedem Fall um eine Reihenschaltung, da jeder der Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b den Sicherheitskreis 13 unterbrechen kann.In another embodiment, however, the two
Für den normalen Fahrbetrieb im Normalbetriebszustand ist es beispielsweise erforderlich, dass alle Sicherheitsschalter (d.h. auch die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b), respektive der gesamte Sicherheitskreis 13 geschlossen sind/ist.For the normal driving operation in the normal operation state, for example, it is required that all the safety switches (i.e., also the
Der Sicherheitskreis 13 wird hier mit einer Gleichspannung V+ gespeist. Der zweite Leiter (Rückleiter) liegt z.B. auf 0 Volt. Wenn einer der Schalter im Sicherheitskreis 13, z.B. einer der beiden Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b öffnet, z.B. aufgrund eines Tragmittelbruchs oder einer Stalling-Situation, dann wird der Stromfluss im Sicherheitskreis 13 unterbrochen und es kann ein Relais, Transistor oder anderes Schaltelement (nicht gezeigt) auslösen, um einen Notstop zu vollziehen.The
Wie alle Schalter des Sicherheitskreises 13 sind auch die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b als "Öffner" ausgeführt. D.h. beim Auslösen der Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b (Auslösesituationen gemäss Tabelle) werden die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b geöffnet und damit der Sicherheitskreis 13 unterbrochen.Like all switches of the
Für den Einrichtbetrieb, für eine Evakuation oder für Inspektionszwecke müssen unter Umständen nicht alle Ebenen der Sicherheitsschaltung 30 geschlossen sein.For setup, evacuation, or inspection purposes, not all levels of
In den
Die Schlafftragmittelschalter 12a, 12b können aber auch anders aufgebaut sein. Statt einer Kompression einer Feder oder eines Federkörpers 14 kann im Normalbetrieb auch eine Zugbelastung oder Verlängerung einer Feder oder eines Federkörpers eingesetzt werden, um einen Schlafftragmittelschalter zu realisieren. Es sind auch die anderen gängigen Schlafftragmittelschalter im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung einsetzbar, wobei die Schlafftragmittelschalter so ausgelegt sein müssen, dass sie im Normalbetrieb stets geschlossen und im Störfall geöffnet sind.The
Die Erfindung lässt sich auch auf eine Aufzugsanlage 100 mit vier Tragmitteln analog anwenden. In diesem Fall sind nur vier Schlafftragmittelschalter erforderlich, von denen je einer pro Tragmittel eingesetzt wird. Insgesamt sind diese vier Schlafftragmittelschalter wiederum paarweise diagonal anzuordnen.The invention can also be applied analogously to an
Die Erfindung lässt sich auch auf eine Aufzugsanlage 100 anwenden, bei der die Aufzugskabine 20 nicht unterschlungen ist. In diesem Fall sitzen die Kabinentragrollen an der Oberseite der Aufzugskabine 20. An der Anordnung der Schlafftragmittelschalter ändert sich dadurch aber nichts.The invention can also be applied to an
Claims (7)
- Lift installation (100) comprising- a lift cage (20),- a counterweight (5),- a first support means (1a), which starting from a first fastening point (2a) extends to a counterweight support roller (6a) of the counterweight (5), from there to a drive pulley or drive shaft (3a), to a cage support roller (7a, 7b) and to a second fastening point (2b),- a second support means (1b), which starting from a third fastening point (2c) extends to a counterweight support roller (6b) of the counterweight (5), from there to a drive pulley or drive shaft (3b), to a cage support roller (7c, 7d) and to a fourth support point (2d), and- a monitoring device with slack support means switches (12a, 12b),characterised in that- a first one of the slack support means switches (12a) for monitoring the first support means (1a) is arranged in the region of the first fastening point (2a),- a second one of the slack support means switches (12b) for monitoring the second support means (1b) is arranged diagonally opposite in the region of the fourth fastening point (2d) and- the monitoring device comprises a safety circuit (30) in which the two slack support means switches (12a, 12b) are so integrated in a safety circuit (13) of the lift installation (100) that the actuation of just one of the two slack support means switches (12a, 12b) interrupts the safety circuit (13).
- Lift installation (100) according to claim 1, characterised in that the two slack support means switches (12a, 12b) are so connected in series in a plane of the safety circuit (30) that the opening of just one of the two slack support means switches (12a, 12b) interrupts the safety circuit (13).
- Lift installation (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that one of the slack support means switches (12a) is arranged at a counterweight-side fastening point (2a) and the other one of the two slack support means switches (12b) is arranged at a cage-side fastening point (2b).
- Lift installation (100) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the slack support means switches (12a, 12b) are so arranged and constructed that in the normal operational state they are loaded and electrically closed by action of the support means (1a, 1b).
- Lift installation (100) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the slack support means switches (12a, 12b) are so arranged and constructed that in the case of a support means fracture or in a stalling situation they are relieved of load and electrically opened by action of the support means (1a, 1b).
- Lift installation (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that only one slack support means switch (12a, 12b) is present for each support means (1a, 1b).
- Lift installation (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that each support means (1a, 1b) comprises one or more support means runs.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP11714628.2A EP2560909B1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2011-04-15 | Operational state monitoring of load-bearing devices in a lift assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10160323 | 2010-04-19 | ||
PCT/EP2011/055986 WO2011131574A1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2011-04-15 | Monitoring the operating state of suspensions in an elevator system |
EP11714628.2A EP2560909B1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2011-04-15 | Operational state monitoring of load-bearing devices in a lift assembly |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2560909A1 EP2560909A1 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
EP2560909B1 true EP2560909B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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EP11714628.2A Active EP2560909B1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2011-04-15 | Operational state monitoring of load-bearing devices in a lift assembly |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8602173B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2560909B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102858672B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2524399T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011131574A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BRPI1009909B1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | Inventio Ag | elevator installation with at least one elevator cabin and at least one counterweight |
MX2013006934A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-07-22 | Inventio Ag | Lift installation comprising car and counterweight. |
US9120645B2 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2015-09-01 | Spacelift Products, Inc. | Control system for a platform lift apparatus |
US8973715B2 (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2015-03-10 | Inventio Ag | Movable body derailment detection system |
US9522806B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-12-20 | Inventio Ag | Deflection pulley cover for monitoring elevator car support |
US9303627B2 (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2016-04-05 | Safeworks, Llc | Guide wire tension loss sensor |
US20140216169A1 (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-08-07 | Safeworks, Llc | Guide wire tension loss sensor |
EP2886500B1 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2021-06-16 | KONE Corporation | An elevator |
EP3121140A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-25 | Inventio AG | Monitoring device for detecting slack in an arrangement comprising a multiplicity of flexible suspension and traction media (stm) of an elevator |
EP3124421A1 (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-01 | Inventio AG | Load bearing element suspension device with asymmetrical rocking device for a lift system |
CA3014710A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | Inventio Ag | Supporting means for an elevator installation, with multiple sensors arranged along the supporting means |
WO2018019665A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-01 | Inventio Ag | Elevator suspension member slack detection arrangement |
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US4106594A (en) * | 1977-04-08 | 1978-08-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Elevator system |
AU548742B2 (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1986-01-02 | Anglo American Corporation Of South Africa Limited | Slack rope detecting apparatus |
FI119237B (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2008-09-15 | Kone Corp | Elevator, method of forming a lift, and use of leveling equipment |
US6123176A (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 2000-09-26 | Otis Elevator Company | Rope tension monitoring assembly and method |
JP5044079B2 (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2012-10-10 | インベンテイオ・アクテイエンゲゼルシヤフト | Load accommodating means for cable type elevator with built-in load measuring device |
KR101143336B1 (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2012-05-09 | 코네 코퍼레이션 | Elevator cable tensioning device |
JP5214098B2 (en) * | 2004-07-17 | 2013-06-19 | インベンテイオ・アクテイエンゲゼルシヤフト | Device for suspension of cages or counterweights in an elevator installation, and method for installation and maintenance of suspension means |
FI20060596L (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-17 | Kone Corp | Arrangement for determining the rope slack in the elevator |
TWI394705B (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2013-05-01 | Inventio Ag | Lift and method of monitoring this lift |
WO2009036423A2 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Thyssenkrupp Elevator Capital Corporation | System and method to minimize rope sway in elevators |
US8162110B2 (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2012-04-24 | Thyssenkrupp Elevator Capital Corporation | Rope tension equalizer and load monitor |
EP2288563B1 (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2013-08-28 | Inventio AG | Elevator system with bottom tensioning means |
CA2779792A1 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-12 | Inventio Ag | Method and device for testing the tension stress in tension elements of a tension element cord |
US9169104B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2015-10-27 | Inventio Ag | Activating a safety gear |
-
2011
- 2011-04-15 EP EP11714628.2A patent/EP2560909B1/en active Active
- 2011-04-15 WO PCT/EP2011/055986 patent/WO2011131574A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-04-15 ES ES11714628.2T patent/ES2524399T3/en active Active
- 2011-04-15 CN CN201180019291.3A patent/CN102858672B/en active Active
- 2011-04-18 US US13/088,858 patent/US8602173B2/en active Active
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US8602173B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 |
EP2560909A1 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
CN102858672A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
CN102858672B (en) | 2015-02-11 |
US20110253484A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
WO2011131574A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
ES2524399T3 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
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