EP2560895B1 - Carton - Google Patents
Carton Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2560895B1 EP2560895B1 EP11717437.5A EP11717437A EP2560895B1 EP 2560895 B1 EP2560895 B1 EP 2560895B1 EP 11717437 A EP11717437 A EP 11717437A EP 2560895 B1 EP2560895 B1 EP 2560895B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- handle element
- carton
- partition
- blank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 32
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D71/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans or pop bottles; Bales of material
- B65D71/0003—Tray-like elements provided with handles, for storage or transport of several articles, e.g. bottles, tins, jars
- B65D71/0022—Tray-like elements provided with handles, for storage or transport of several articles, e.g. bottles, tins, jars formed by folding or erecting one blank, and provided with vertical partitions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
- B65D2571/00123—Bundling wrappers or trays
- B65D2571/00129—Wrapper locking means
- B65D2571/00135—Wrapper locking means integral with the wrapper
- B65D2571/00141—Wrapper locking means integral with the wrapper glued
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
- B65D2571/00123—Bundling wrappers or trays
- B65D2571/00333—Partitions, i.e. elements contacting a major part of each aarticle or extending across the whole length of the wrapper
- B65D2571/0037—Partitions, i.e. elements contacting a major part of each aarticle or extending across the whole length of the wrapper extending from at least a side wall
- B65D2571/00376—Squarings or the like
- B65D2571/00388—Two rows of more than two cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
- B65D2571/00123—Bundling wrappers or trays
- B65D2571/00432—Handles or suspending means
- B65D2571/00456—Handles or suspending means integral with the wrapper
- B65D2571/00475—Handles or suspending means integral with the wrapper and extending ion a substantially vertical plane
- B65D2571/00487—Handles or suspending means integral with the wrapper and extending ion a substantially vertical plane and formed integrally with a partition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
- B65D2571/00123—Bundling wrappers or trays
- B65D2571/00648—Elements used to form the wrapper
- B65D2571/00654—Blanks
- B65D2571/0066—Blanks formed from one single sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
- B65D2571/00123—Bundling wrappers or trays
- B65D2571/00709—Shape of the formed wrapper, i.e. shape of each formed element if the wrapper is made from more than one element
- B65D2571/00722—Shape of the formed wrapper, i.e. shape of each formed element if the wrapper is made from more than one element tubular with end walls, e.g. walls not extending on the whole end surface
- B65D2571/00753—Shape of the formed wrapper, i.e. shape of each formed element if the wrapper is made from more than one element tubular with end walls, e.g. walls not extending on the whole end surface the end walls being closed by interlocking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
- B65D2571/00123—Bundling wrappers or trays
- B65D2571/00833—Other details of wrappers
- B65D2571/0087—Special features for machine processing, e.g. gripper apertures
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to the field of cartons for packaging articles. More specifically, though not exclusively, the invention relates to cartons that have a partition panel by which the carton may be lifted and which divides an interior volume of the carton into two or more sections.
- Cartons are required that allow articles to be carried by some form of handle structure, and further that divide an interior volume of the carton into sections such that articles loaded into the carton do not substantially contact one another.
- DE202009008875 to Knauer discloses a one-piece blank of a foldable flat material for folding into an open-top container carrier of the basket type for receiving a group of containers, in particular bottles.
- the blank has a partition wall part with an engagement opening and a first and a second side walls an end wall and two end wall halves.
- GB2366788 to Nash et al discloses a carton for bottles has an internal divider unit formed by two divider panels glued together face to face and extending between one pair of opposite side walls of the carton body, and divider flaps released from the divider panels and extending at right angles thereto in opposite directions and glued to the other pair of opposite side walls.
- the panels may have hand holes for carrying the carton.
- Four or six compartments may be defined.
- the present invention seeks to overcome or at least mitigate the above disadvantages by providing a carton blank that uses a reduced amount of material in providing the necessary panels to form a carton, and also by providing additional strength in the manner in which at least portions of the partition is secured to the proximal parts of the carton wall.
- a first aspect of the present invention provides a carton for holding articles, which carton comprises walls formed from a linear series of panels connected one to the next which walls define an interior volume for accepting the articles, the carton further comprising first and second partition panels for forming a partition to divide that interior volume, from which partition extends a handle structure, which handle structure is formed from a first handle element provided by a portion of the first partition panel, and characterised by a second handle element hinged to a side edge of the first handle element, the first and second partition panels being hinged to one another, a third handle element for forming the handle structure being provided by a portion of the second partition panel and wherein the second handle element extends from the hinged side edge of the first handle element to a second opposing side edge of the first handle element.
- the first partition panel is hinged to the second partition panel along a lower edge thereof.
- the second partition panel is folded into coplanar contact with the first partition panel such that the third handle element is in coplanar contact with the first handle element.
- the second handle element is one or more of a) folded into coplanar contact with the third handle element thereby to sandwich that third handle element between the first and second handle elements; or b) hinged to a connecting tab that connects the second handle element to an end wall of the carton.
- the second partition panel comprises a hinged tab that extends from a side edge of the second partition panel, through an aperture formed in an end connecting panel and is secured to an end wall of the carton, wherein said end connecting panel connects one end of the first partition panel to a side wall of the carton.
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a blank for forming a carton, which blank comprises panels in linear series for forming walls of the carton defining an interior volume for accepting articles, the blank further comprising first and second panels for forming a partition to divide that interior volume, from which partition extends a handle structure, characterised in that the handle structure is formed from first and second handle elements which are hinged to one another along a side edge thereof and extending along one edge of the aforesaid linear series, the first handle element being provided by a portion of the first panel, the second panel being hinged to the first panel and providing a third handle element for forming the handle structure and wherein the second handle element is configured to extend from the hinged side edge of the first handle element to a second, opposing, side edge of the first handle element.
- the first partition panel is hinged to the second partition panel along a lower edge thereof.
- the second panel is foldable into coplanar contact with the first panel such that the third handle element is in coplanar contact with the first handle element.
- the second handle element is one or more of a) foldable into coplanar contact with the third panel thereby to sandwich that third handle element between the first and second handle elements; or, b) is hinged to a connecting tab that connects the second handle element to a panel for forming an end wall of the carton.
- the blank further comprises first and second bottom panels hinged to an edge of the aforesaid linear series, the first bottom panel being disposed adjacent the third handle element, and wherein the third handle element is substantially half the width of the first handle element such that a distance between adjacent edges of the third handle element and the first bottom panel, is substantially equal to the width of the second bottom panel.
- first and second bottom panels have equal width and are spaced apart by a distance substantially equal to that width to allow first and second bottom panels of an identical blank to nest between the first and second bottom panels of the blank.
- the first panel for forming the partition is hinged to a first panel of the linear series, which first panel of the linear series connects the first panel for forming the partition to a panel for forming an exterior wall of the carton, the first panel of the linear seriescomprising an aperture defined therein, whereby a portion of the partition is securable to a portion of an exterior wall of the carton through that aperture when the carton is erected.
- the panels of the blank are sized such that a carton erected from that blank is capable of receiving six bottles each of a first volume, whilst the blank is nestable with other such blanks to allow six such blanks to be cut from a sheet of material measuring 1 meter by 1.4 meters, wherein said first volume is one of:
- the distance between the fold line connecting the first and second partition panels and the opposed edges of those two partition panels is less than or equal to half the total distance between those two opposed edges.
- the present invention relates to a carton, specifically a carton comprising a partition which divides an interior volume into two or more parts.
- the blank 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises panels for forming such a carton.
- the blank 1 comprises a glue flap 11, a primary partition panel 10, an end connecting panel 12, a first side panel 14, a first end panel 16, a second side panel 18 and a second end panel 20 connected, one to the next, in a linear series.
- the aforementioned panels are hinged one to the next by corresponding fold lines 72, 88, 94, 98, 106, 110.
- the primary partition panel 10 is hinged along a lower edge thereof, via a fold line 80, to a secondary partition panel 31 and comprises first 36 and second 38 spacer panels defined therein.
- the first spacer panel 36 is hinged to the primary partition panel 10 via a fold line 74.
- the first 36 and second 38 spacer panels overlap such that a hinged glue tab 37 of the first spacer panel 36 is defined within the second spacer panel 38 and interrupts the fold line 76 hinging the second spacer panel 38 to the primary partition panel 10.
- This hinged glue tab 37 is connected to an end of the first spacer panel 36 by a fold line 78.
- a hinged glue tab 39 is connected, via a fold line 92, to an end of the second spacer panel 38.
- the second spacer panel 38 extends across a side edge of the primary partition panel 10 over the fold line 88, connecting the primary partition panel to the end connecting panel 12 such that the hinged glue tab 39 thereof is defined within the end connecting panel 12.
- a handle element 28 which handle element 28 comprises first 52 and second 54 finger apertures defined within which are first 42 and second 40 finger flaps respectively. These first 42 and second 40 finger flaps are hinged to the handle element 28 via respective fold lines 43, 41.
- the primary partition panel 10 and the handle element 28 comprise numerous glue spots G which will be discussed in greater detail below, with reference to the process of erecting the carton from the blank 1 of Figure 1 .
- the secondary partition panel 31 does not extend fully across the width of the lower edge (relative to the orientation of the partition panel in the erected carton) of the primary partition panel 10.
- the primary partition panel 10 extends the full height of the proximate edge of the connecting panel 12 adjacent thereto.
- the lowermost edge of the primary partition panel 10 rises upwardly with distance from the connecting panel 12.
- the fold line 80 connecting the primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels then extends transversely away from the connecting panel 12 from an uppermost point on this lowermost edge.
- the lowermost edge of the primary panel 10 then descends away from the fold line 80, with proximity to the opposing side edge of the primary partition panel 10.
- the fold line 80 connecting the primary partition panel 10 to the secondary partition panel 31 is thus offset upwardly from the lowermost edge of the primary panel 10 adjacent the glue panel 11.
- an aperture 56 that is sized and shaped to mirror, about the fold line 80 connecting primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels, the location and geometry of the second finger aperture 54 in the handle element 28.
- This third spacer panel 32 has a hinged glue tab 33 connected thereto along a fold line 73.
- Defined partially within the secondary partition panel 31 is also a fourth spacer panel 34, hinged to the secondary partition panel 31 along a fold line 86.
- a hinged glue tab 35 extends from the fourth spacer panel 34 into the third spacer panel 32, connected to the fourth spacer panel via fold line 84 that interrupts, and is coaxial with, the fold line 82 hinging the third spacer panel 32 to the secondary partition panel 31. Hinged to an opposing side of the secondary partition panel 31, closest to the end connecting panel 12, is a hinged glue tab 29 connected thereto via a fold line 96.
- a handle reinforcement panel 22 is hinged to a side edge of the handle element 28 by a fold line 90, within which handle reinforcement panel 22 a third 48 and a fourth 50 finger aperture are defined.
- Third 48 and fourth 44 finger flaps are defined, respectively, within the third 48 and fourth 50 finger apertures, and these finger apertures 48, 50 are connected to the handle reinforcing panel 22 via respective fold lines 47, 45.
- An edge of the handle reinforcing panel 22 opposing the fold line 90 is connected to a connecting tab 104 along a fold line 102.
- This connecting tab 104 connects the handle reinforcing panel 22 to the first end panel 16 via a short fold line 99. The operation of this connecting tab 104 is discussed in greater detail below.
- Both the handle reinforcing panel 22 and the connecting tab 104 comprise further glue spots G which will be described in further detail below.
- the end connecting panel 12, hinged to the primary partition panel 10, comprises an aperture 41 within which is defined the hinged glue tab 39 of the second spacer panel 38.
- the hinged glue tab 39 only partially fills the aperture 41 such that an edge of the aperture is spaced from the free edges of the hinged glue tab 39 for reasons that will be discussed further below.
- a lower portion of the end connecting panel 12 is cut away to accommodate the protrusion of the hinged glue tab 29 of the secondary partition panel 31.
- the position of this hinged glue tab 29, and the cut away portion of the end connecting panel 12 is such as to be equidistant from a notional intersection between the fold line 80 hinging the primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels together, with the fold line 88 hinging the end connecting panel 12 to the primary partition panel 10.
- the hinged glue tab 29 of the secondary partition panel 31 to be folder over into vertical registry over the aperture 41 in the end connecting panel 12.
- glue spots G are located on the first side panel 14 so as to correspond to the position of the hinged glue tabs 33, 35 of, respectively, the third 34 and fourth 32 spacer panels when folded in the manner described below.
- the shape of the connecting panel 12 is such that the side thereof connected to the primary partition panel 10 is shorter than the opposing side thereof connected to the first side panel 14. This is because the uppermost edge of the connecting panel 12 rises a lesser amount, with distance from the first side panel 14, than the upward dimension of the cut away portion, described above, formed in the lower portion of the connecting panel 12.
- the rising uppermost edge of the connecting panel 12 causes a corresponding rise in a lowermost edge of the handle reinforcing panel 22, which is consequently narrower proximate the primary partition panel 10 than it is at its opposing end.
- first side panel 14 Hinged to an opposing edge of the end connecting panel 12 is the first side panel 14, which first side panel is hinged along an adjacent lower edge, via a fold line 100, to a first bottom panel 26, and along an opposing edge to the first end panel 16 via a fold line 98.
- the first bottom panel 26 comprises apertures 70 and securement flaps 58, 60 for providing a complementary securement means with a second bottom panel 24 described below.
- the first end panel 16 comprises a peaked upper edge and is connected along one side via fold line 98 to the first side panel 14 and along a co-axial short fold line 99 to the connecting tab 104.
- the first end panel 16 is hinged to the second side panel 18 along the fold line 106 and defined in the first end panel 16 is a glue line G for securing the first end panel 16 to the glue flap 11 of the primary partition panel 10 in the manner described below.
- the second side panel 18 is further hinged, along an opposing edge, via fold line 110, to the second end panel 20, and along a lower edge thereof to the second bottom panel 24, via a fold line 108.
- the second side panel 18 is further illustrated as comprising glue spots G for securing the second side panel 18 to the glue flaps 37, 39 of the first 36 and second 38 spacer panels in the manner described below.
- the second bottom panel 24, similar to the first bottom panel 26, comprises aperture 70 and comprises securement tabs 62, 64 for complementarily securing with the securement flaps 58, 60 to engage the second bottom panel 24 to the first bottom panel 26.
- the second end panel 20 is peaked along its upper edge similar to the first end panel 16, and comprises a number of glue spots and lines G for securement to other panels of the blank 1 during the erection process described below.
- the positioning of the reinforcing handle element 22 adjacent the handle element 28, in conjunction with a tapering of the interior handle element 30 at a complementary angle to a tapering of each of the first 26, and second 24 bottom panels allows the blank to be nested with other such blanks with a minimum wastage of intervening material, such as paperboard, from which the blanks are produced. This is accomplished by allowing adjacent blank 1 to nest together more closely by interlocking peripheral edges thereof such that the overall spacing between a common point on each is reduced in comparison to a case in which the blank 1 are disposed side-by-side without any interlocking.
- FIG. 2 An example of this is shown in Figure 2 , wherein six such blanks are nested together such that they may be produced from a standardized sheet of paperboard measuring approximately 1 m by 1 .4m.
- a lateral spacing between the interior handle element 30 and the first bottom panel 26, and similar spacing between the first 26 and second bottom panel 24 allows those panels, from a second blank 1 (orientated at 180 degrees to first blank 1) to be tessellated therebetween, to aid this reduction in wasted material.
- the blank 1 be restricted to providing only two handle elements (the handle element 28, and the reinforcing handle element 22) along the upper edge of the aforementioned linear series of panels, and that these two handle elements are positioned adjacent one another above one end of that linear series of panels.
- a second blank 1 rotated 180 degrees may then be located along side this first blank 1, such that the handle elements 28, 22 of the first panel become disposed substantially beside the handle elements 22, 28 of the second blank 1.
- the interior handle element 30 be provided at only half width of the result handle structure of the carton 3, such that the spacing between adjacent terminal edges of the interior handle element 30 and the first bottom panel 26 is sufficient to accept the second bottom panel 24 of another blank 1 nested therebeneath. If the interior handle element 30 were substantially the same width as the handle element 28, insufficient space would be provided for this to be possible.
- the first 26 and second 24 bottom panels be of equal dimension and also preferably partially tapered to allow the bottom panels 26, 24 of one blank 1 to nest between the bottom panels 26, 24 of another blank 1.
- the height H1 of the primary partition panel 10 including the handle element 28, i.e., the distance between the upper edge of the handle element 28 and the fold line 80 hinging the primary partition panel 10 to the secondary partition panel 31, is equal to the height H1 of the secondary partition panel 31 including the interior handle panel 30.
- H1 is substantially equal to or less than half the maximum vertical dimension H2 of the blank 1, and less than the total height of the carton H4,
- the total height H3 of the primary partition panel 10 including the handle element 28 is less than H4.
- the spacing between fold lines 82, 86, 74, 76 connecting the spacer panels 32, 34, 36, 38 to the partition panels 10, 31 is 62mm and the carton 3, when constructed, can accommodate bottles of 330ml volume (approximately 11 - 12 fl oz,).
- the preferred embodiment of the blank 1 has a maximum vertical dimension of 870mm and a maximum horizontal dimension of 275mm. It is contemplated that each of the foregoing dimensions can be altered to accommodate different packaging requirements.
- an adhesive be applied to the glue spots G on the primary partition panel 10 and to the handle element 28.
- the glue spots G are located preferably below the first spacer panel 36, and intermediate the first spacer panel 36 and the second finger aperture 54, and above that second figure aperture 54. Additional glue spots G are located proximate the side edges of the handle element 28. It is contemplated that the secondary partition panel 31 is then folded upwardly, about the fold line 80, into co-planar contact with portions of the primary partition panel 10.
- Adhesive is then applied to glue spots G on the handle reinforcing panel 22, above and below the third 48 and fourth 50 finger apertures defined therein. Additional adhesive is applied to glue spots G on the handle reinforcing panel 22 proximate the connecting tab 104, as well as to glue spots G on the first side panel 14 where the hinged glue tabs 33, 35 of the third 32, and fourth 34 spacer panels are to contact the first side panel 14. Also, the connecting tab 104 has adhesive applied thereto.
- the primary partition panel 10 is then folded about fold line 88 to bring portions of the secondary partition panel 31 and primary partition panel 10 into contact with the first side panel 14, bringing, as a result, portions of the interior handle element 30 and the handle element 28 into contact with portions of the handle reinforcing panel 22.
- FIG. 4 The resulting arrangement of panels is illustrated in Figure 4 in which, hidden beneath the primary partition panel 10, the third 32 and fourth 34 spacer panels are secured to the first side panel 14 by their hinged glue tabs 33, 35 and the handle reinforcing panel 22 is secured to the interior handle element 30 and portions of the handle element 28.
- Glue flap 11 is disposed over the first side panel 14 but not secured thereto.
- the hinged glue tab 39 of the second spacer panel 38 extends from a side of the primary partition panel 10. This hinged glue tab 39 overlies the hinged glue tab 29 of the secondary partition panel 31 (not shown in Figure 4 ), which is rotated through the aperture 41 in the end connecting panel 12 as the primary partition panel 10 is folded about fold line 88.
- Adhesive is then applied to the glue spots G of the first end panel 16 and second side panel 18 where, respectively, the hinged glue tabs 37, 39 of the first 36 and second 38 spacer panels, and the glue flap 11, will come into contact.
- the first side panel 14 is then folded about fold line 98 to bring the primary partition panel 10 into contact with the second side panel 18 and thereby to secure the first 36 and second 38 spacer panels thereto by their hinged glue tabs 37, 39.
- the glue flap 11 is secured to the first end panel 16 via the glue spot G thereon, and the connecting tab 104 is secured to contacting portions of the first end panel 16, in the arrangement shown in Figure 5 .
- glue is applied to the glue spot G on the second end panel 20 before it is folded about fold line 110 into securement with portion of the end connecting panel 12 and hinged glue tab 29 extending through the aperture 41 in the end connecting panel 12, to result in the arrangement shown in Figure 6 showing a partially erected carton 3, In flat collapsed condition.
- the partition structure created by primary partition panel 10 and secondary partition panel 31, is disposed intermediate the first 14 and second 18 side panels and secured to the first end panel 16 being via the glue flap 11 and the connecting tab 104 and to the second end panel 20 via the end connecting panel 12 and the hinged glue tab 29 of the secondary partition panel 31. Hinging the first 14 and second 18 side panels about the respective end panels 12, 20 of the carton 3 erects the carton 3 into a tubular condition. This operation causes the first 36, second 38, third 32 and fourth 34 spacer panels to be struck from the primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels respectively and to take up an orientation perpendicular to the partition structure and interconnecting the first 14 or second 18 side panels with the corresponding adjacent one of the primary 10 or secondary 31 partition panels. These spacer panels 36, 38, 32, 34 create, between them, individual storage wells for receiving articles.
- the carton 3 may be loaded with articles from above or below and the bottom of the carton may be closed by folding of the first 26 and second 24 bottom panels about respective fold lines 100 and 108 into the plane of the bottom edge of the first 14 and second 18 side walls, there to be secured to one another by complementary tab and aperture arrangement provided by the securement tabs 62, 64 and apertures struck from the first bottom panel 26 by the deflection of the securement flaps 58, 60 out of the plane of the first bottom panel 26.
- the securement tabs 62, 64 have enlarged terminal portions that require deformation to pass through those resulting apertures, and which resist disengagement thereafter.
- the carton 3 before or after being loaded with articles may be lifted using its handle structure, which handle structure is formed from the handle element 28 and handle reinforcing panel 22 between which is sandwiched interior handle element 30.
- This handle structure enhances the robustness of the first 52 and second 54 finger apertures in the handle element 28 by providing additional thicknesses of the blank material to withstand the stresses of the weight of the carton 3.
- the first finger flap 42 is in registry with the fourth finger flap 44 and similarly the second finger flap 40 is in registry with the third finger flap 46 such that the corresponding pairs of finger flaps may be struck from the respective finger apertures simultaneously upon insertion of fingers through those apertures.
- FIG. 10 A second embodiment of a blank 101 is shown in Figure 10 , which second blank 101 is very similar to the blank 1 illustrated in Figure 1 .
- Like reference numerals have been used in Figures 10 and 11 to indicate like features, prefixed with “1 " to denote this second embodiment. Only the differences between this second embodiment and the first will be discussed below.
- the first 116 and second 120 end panels, and the connecting panel 112 are not peaked in this second embodiment and instead have top edges (relative to their orientation in the erected carton) that linearly extend between the corresponding upper edges of the first 1 14 and second 118 side panels.
- This is advantageous at least in that these panels provide a continuous flat edge against which a primary partition panel 110 and handle reinforcement panel 122 of a subsequent blank 101 may tessellate when nested in the manner shown, for example, in Figure 11 .
- the blank 101 lacks the connecting tab 104 of the first blank 1; the handle reinforcing panel 122 of the resulting carton (not shown) is connected only at one end thereof, to the primary partition panel 110.
- FIG. 12 A third embodiment of a blank 201 is shown in Figure 12 , which third blank 201 is similar to the second blank 101 described above. Like reference numerals have been used in Figures 12 to 19 to indicate features common to Figure 10 , prefixed with "2" to denote this third embodiment. Only the differences between this third embodiment and the second will be discussed below.
- Blank 201 shares the majority of its features in common with blank 101 of Figure 10 .
- the secondary partition panel 23 does not extend fully across the width of the lower edge (relative to its orientation the erected carton 203 of Figure 19 ) of the primary partition panel 210.
- the primary partition panel 210 extends the full height of the connecting panel 212 adjacent thereto, and the lowermost edge thereof rises upwardly, toward an upper edge thereof, with distance from the connecting panel 212.
- the fold line 280 connecting the primary 210 and secondary 231 partition panels then extends, transversely away from the connecting panel 212, from an uppermost point on this lowermost edge of the primary partition panel 210.
- the lowermost edge then descends away from the fold line 280, with proximity to the opposing side edge of the primary partition panel 210.
- the primary partition panel 210 is not symmetrical about a central axis thereof, and the lowermost edge thereof is higher at the edge thereof adjacent the glue flap 211 than it is at the edge thereof adjacent the connecting panel 212.
- the fold line 280 connecting the primary partition panel 210 to the secondary partition panel 231 is thus offset upwardly from the lowermost edge of the primary panel 210 adjacent the glue panel 211. This arrangement permits a greater portion of the primary partition panel 210 to be connected to the connecting panel 212 than in the blank 101 of Figure 10 .
- the blank 201 lacks the hinged glue tab 29 of the secondary partition panel 31 described above in relation to the blank 1 of Figure 1 .
- the connecting panel 212 therefore lacks the cut away portion of the blank 101.
- the arrangement of the carton 203 when erected in the manner shown in Figure 19 , differs from the first and second embodiments in that there is no connection between the secondary partition panel 231 and the connecting panel 212. For this reason, it is particularly advantageous that the connection between the primary partition panel 210 and the connecting panel 212 be maximised, to promote structural integrity in the carton.
- the first 212 and second 216 end panels and the connecting panel 212 have flat upper edges, as is the case with the second embodiment, and thus the blank 201 of the third embodiment is also nestable in a yet more material efficient way than the first embodiment, because these flat upper edges permit closer tessellation of adjacent blanks 201, as is shown best in Figure 13 .
- FIG. 14 to 19 show a sequence of steps in this folding operation process.
- the secondary partition panel 231 is hinged upward into contact with the primary partition panel 210 (as shown in Figure 14 ), before the primary partition panel 210 is then hinged across over the first side panel 214, thereby sandwiching portions of the secondary partition panel 231 between the primary partition pane! 210 and the handle reinforcement panel 222.
- An aperture 256 in the secondary partition panel 231 aligns with corresponding apertures 254 and 250 in the primary 210 and secondary 231 partition panels so that the resulting partition arrangement has apertures defined therethrough for use by a user as finger holes to carry the resulting carton, as shown in Figure 15 .
- Glue spots G on the primary partition panel 210 and on the handle reinforcing panel 222 secure the partition arrangement as a single unit.
- the lack of hinged glue panel 29, 129 of the first and second embodiments means that, when the first side panel 214 is folded over onto the first end panel 216, as shown in Figure 16 , the glue spots on the second end panel 220 need to be arranged to avoid securement to the upper surface of the glue tab 239 or the second spacer panel 238, visible through the aperture 241 in the connecting panel 212.
- Folding the second end panel 220 into securement with the connecting panel 212 completes the collapsed tubular condition of the carton, which may be erected fully by separating the opposing side 214, 218 and end 216, 220 panels and closing the bottom panels 224, 226 as described above.
- the size and shape of the panels and apertures may be adjusted to accommodate articles of differing size or shape.
- a different number of spacer panels may be provided to create a different number of wells into which articles may be inserted.
- no spacer panels be provided at all such that the carton is divided only by the partition panels.
- liquid adhesive substances such as glues and resins, as well as the use of welding or mechanical fastening devices.
- the adhesive may be applied, rather than to the glue spots indicated in Figure 1 , to the surfaces of the blank 1 that will come into contact with those glue spot positions, such as amongst other locations, the hinged glue tabs 29, 33, 35, 37, 39 and glue flap 11. It is further contemplated that the adhesive could be applied to both the glue spots and to those contacting surfaces, for further enhanced securement.
- the secondary partition panel 31 may be hinged to the primary partition panel 10 along a side edge thereof rather than a lower edge as described above.
- the glue flap 11 could, in this case, be struck from adjacent portions of the secondary partition panel 31, and be reduced in size to provide an edge of the primary partition panel 10 to provide the necessary hinge.
- the hinge could be between the handle element 28 and the interior handle element 30, along an adjacent edge thereof opposed to the reinforcing handle element 22.
- hinged connection should not be construed as necessarily referring to a single fold line only; indeed it is envisaged that hinged connection can be formed from one or more of the following, a short slit, a frangible line or a fold line without departing from the scope of the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates generally to the field of cartons for packaging articles. More specifically, though not exclusively, the invention relates to cartons that have a partition panel by which the carton may be lifted and which divides an interior volume of the carton into two or more sections.
- Cartons are required that allow articles to be carried by some form of handle structure, and further that divide an interior volume of the carton into sections such that articles loaded into the carton do not substantially contact one another.
- In order to create a partition within the interior volume of the carton, it is necessary to provide a number of panels that, during erection of the carton, are positioned between outer walls of the carton to create sections into which the articles can be loaded. These panels are disadvantageous at least in that they increase the area of a blank required to form such a carton, an increase in which area leads to higher unit cost as each carton requires a physically greater amount of material, such as paperboard. Another disadvantage is that the partition requires means by which it is secured to proximal parts of the carton walls, which securement is required to be robust to withstand the stress placed upon the carton during use.
-
DE202009008875 to Knauer discloses a one-piece blank of a foldable flat material for folding into an open-top container carrier of the basket type for receiving a group of containers, in particular bottles. The blank has a partition wall part with an engagement opening and a first and a second side walls an end wall and two end wall halves. -
GB2366788 to Nash et al - The present invention seeks to overcome or at least mitigate the above disadvantages by providing a carton blank that uses a reduced amount of material in providing the necessary panels to form a carton, and also by providing additional strength in the manner in which at least portions of the partition is secured to the proximal parts of the carton wall.
- A first aspect of the present invention provides a carton for holding articles, which carton comprises walls formed from a linear series of panels connected one to the next which walls define an interior volume for accepting the articles, the carton further comprising first and second partition panels for forming a partition to divide that interior volume, from which partition extends a handle structure, which handle structure is formed from a first handle element provided by a portion of the first partition panel, and characterised by a second handle element hinged to a side edge of the first handle element, the first and second partition panels being hinged to one another, a third handle element for forming the handle structure being provided by a portion of the second partition panel and wherein the second handle element extends from the hinged side edge of the first handle element to a second opposing side edge of the first handle element.
- Optionally, the first partition panel is hinged to the second partition panel along a lower edge thereof.
- Optionally, the second partition panel is folded into coplanar contact with the first partition panel such that the third handle element is in coplanar contact with the first handle element.
- Optionally, the second handle element is one or more of a) folded into coplanar contact with the third handle element thereby to sandwich that third handle element between the first and second handle elements; or b) hinged to a connecting tab that connects the second handle element to an end wall of the carton.
- Optionally, the second partition panel comprises a hinged tab that extends from a side edge of the second partition panel, through an aperture formed in an end connecting panel and is secured to an end wall of the carton, wherein said end connecting panel connects one end of the first partition panel to a side wall of the carton.
- A second aspect of the present invention provides a blank for forming a carton, which blank comprises panels in linear series for forming walls of the carton defining an interior volume for accepting articles, the blank further comprising first and second panels for forming a partition to divide that interior volume, from which partition extends a handle structure, characterised in that the handle structure is formed from first and second handle elements which are hinged to one another along a side edge thereof and extending along one edge of the aforesaid linear series, the first handle element being provided by a portion of the first panel, the second panel being hinged to the first panel and providing a third handle element for forming the handle structure and wherein the second handle element is configured to extend from the hinged side edge of the first handle element to a second, opposing, side edge of the first handle element.
- Optionally, the first partition panel is hinged to the second partition panel along a lower edge thereof.
- Optionally, the second panel is foldable into coplanar contact with the first panel such that the third handle element is in coplanar contact with the first handle element.
- Optionally, the second handle element is one or more of a) foldable into coplanar contact with the third panel thereby to sandwich that third handle element between the first and second handle elements; or, b) is hinged to a connecting tab that connects the second handle element to a panel for forming an end wall of the carton.
- Optionally, the blank further comprises first and second bottom panels hinged to an edge of the aforesaid linear series, the first bottom panel being disposed adjacent the third handle element, and wherein the third handle element is substantially half the width of the first handle element such that a distance between adjacent edges of the third handle element and the first bottom panel, is substantially equal to the width of the second bottom panel.
- Optionally, the first and second bottom panels have equal width and are spaced apart by a distance substantially equal to that width to allow first and second bottom panels of an identical blank to nest between the first and second bottom panels of the blank.
- Optionally, the first panel for forming the partition is hinged to a first panel of the linear series, which first panel of the linear series connects the first panel for forming the partition to a panel for forming an exterior wall of the carton, the first panel of the linear seriescomprising an aperture defined therein, whereby a portion of the partition is securable to a portion of an exterior wall of the carton through that aperture when the carton is erected.
- Optionally, the panels of the blank are sized such that a carton erected from that blank is capable of receiving six bottles each of a first volume, whilst the blank is nestable with other such blanks to allow six such blanks to be cut from a sheet of material measuring 1 meter by 1.4 meters, wherein said first volume is one of:
- 330ml; or
- 400ml; or
- 500ml
- Optionally, the distance between the fold line connecting the first and second partition panels and the opposed edges of those two partition panels is less than or equal to half the total distance between those two opposed edges.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
Fig. 1 Illustrates a carton blank according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; -
Fig. 2 Illustrates a plurality of blanks ofFigure 1 nested together in a manner that minimises the amount of material necessary to produce them; -
Fig. 3 Illustrates a first step in a series of folding operations that can be employed to erect a carton from the blank ofFigure 1 ; -
Fig. 4 Illustrates a second step in the series of folding operations ofFigure 3 ; -
Fig. 5 Illustrates a third step in the series of folding operations ofFigure 3 ; -
Fig. 6 Illustrates a fourth step in the series of folding operations ofFigure 3 ; -
Fig. 7 Illustrates a carton partially erected from the blank ofFigure 1 ; -
Fig. 8 Illustrates an erected carton from the blank ofFigure 1 ; -
Fig. 9 Illustrates the blank ofFigure 1 with marked up dimensions; -
Fig. 10 Illustrates a blank according to a second embodiment of the present invention; -
Fig. 11 Illustrates a view of the blank ofFigure 10 nested with other such blanks; -
Fig. 12 Illustrates a blank which does not form a part of the present invention; -
Fig. 13 Illustrates a view of the blank ofFigure 11 nested with other such blanks; and -
Figs. 14 to 19 illustrate sequential views of the blank ofFigure 12 undergoing folding operations to set the blank up into a carton. - The present invention relates to a carton, specifically a carton comprising a partition which divides an interior volume into two or more parts. The blank 1 shown in
Figure 1 comprises panels for forming such a carton. - The blank 1 comprises a
glue flap 11, aprimary partition panel 10, anend connecting panel 12, afirst side panel 14, afirst end panel 16, asecond side panel 18 and asecond end panel 20 connected, one to the next, in a linear series. The aforementioned panels are hinged one to the next bycorresponding fold lines - The
primary partition panel 10 is hinged along a lower edge thereof, via afold line 80, to asecondary partition panel 31 and comprises first 36 and second 38 spacer panels defined therein. Thefirst spacer panel 36 is hinged to theprimary partition panel 10 via a fold line 74. The first 36 and second 38 spacer panels overlap such that ahinged glue tab 37 of thefirst spacer panel 36 is defined within thesecond spacer panel 38 and interrupts thefold line 76 hinging thesecond spacer panel 38 to theprimary partition panel 10. This hingedglue tab 37 is connected to an end of thefirst spacer panel 36 by a fold line 78. Similarly, a hingedglue tab 39 is connected, via afold line 92, to an end of thesecond spacer panel 38. Thesecond spacer panel 38 extends across a side edge of theprimary partition panel 10 over thefold line 88, connecting the primary partition panel to theend connecting panel 12 such that thehinged glue tab 39 thereof is defined within theend connecting panel 12. Provided by a top end of theprimary partition panel 10, opposed to thesecondary partition panel 31, is ahandle element 28, which handleelement 28 comprises first 52 and second 54 finger apertures defined within which are first 42 and second 40 finger flaps respectively. These first 42 and second 40 finger flaps are hinged to thehandle element 28 viarespective fold lines primary partition panel 10 and thehandle element 28 comprise numerous glue spots G which will be discussed in greater detail below, with reference to the process of erecting the carton from the blank 1 ofFigure 1 . - Beneath the
primary partition panel 10 of the blank 1 is provided thesecondary partition panel 31. Thesecondary partition panel 31, however, does not extend fully across the width of the lower edge (relative to the orientation of the partition panel in the erected carton) of theprimary partition panel 10. Theprimary partition panel 10 extends the full height of the proximate edge of the connectingpanel 12 adjacent thereto. The lowermost edge of theprimary partition panel 10 rises upwardly with distance from the connectingpanel 12. Thefold line 80 connecting the primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels then extends transversely away from the connectingpanel 12 from an uppermost point on this lowermost edge. On an opposing side of thefold line 80 the lowermost edge of theprimary panel 10 then descends away from thefold line 80, with proximity to the opposing side edge of theprimary partition panel 10. Thefold line 80 connecting theprimary partition panel 10 to thesecondary partition panel 31 is thus offset upwardly from the lowermost edge of theprimary panel 10 adjacent theglue panel 11. - A bottom end of this
secondary partition panel 31, opposed thefold line 80 connecting the primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels, provides aninterior handle element 30. Defined within theinterior handle element 30 is anaperture 56 that is sized and shaped to mirror, about thefold line 80 connectingprimary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels, the location and geometry of thesecond finger aperture 54 in thehandle element 28. Hinged to one side of thesecondary partition panel 31, viafold line 82, is athird spacer panel 32. Thisthird spacer panel 32 has a hingedglue tab 33 connected thereto along afold line 73. Defined partially within thesecondary partition panel 31 is also afourth spacer panel 34, hinged to thesecondary partition panel 31 along afold line 86. A hingedglue tab 35 extends from thefourth spacer panel 34 into thethird spacer panel 32, connected to the fourth spacer panel viafold line 84 that interrupts, and is coaxial with, thefold line 82 hinging thethird spacer panel 32 to thesecondary partition panel 31. Hinged to an opposing side of thesecondary partition panel 31, closest to theend connecting panel 12, is a hingedglue tab 29 connected thereto via afold line 96. - A
handle reinforcement panel 22 is hinged to a side edge of thehandle element 28 by a fold line 90, within which handle reinforcement panel 22 a third 48 and a fourth 50 finger aperture are defined. Third 48 and fourth 44 finger flaps are defined, respectively, within the third 48 and fourth 50 finger apertures, and thesefinger apertures handle reinforcing panel 22 viarespective fold lines handle reinforcing panel 22 opposing the fold line 90 is connected to a connectingtab 104 along afold line 102. This connectingtab 104 connects thehandle reinforcing panel 22 to thefirst end panel 16 via ashort fold line 99. The operation of this connectingtab 104 is discussed in greater detail below. Both thehandle reinforcing panel 22 and the connectingtab 104 comprise further glue spots G which will be described in further detail below. - The
end connecting panel 12, hinged to theprimary partition panel 10, comprises anaperture 41 within which is defined the hingedglue tab 39 of thesecond spacer panel 38. The hingedglue tab 39 only partially fills theaperture 41 such that an edge of the aperture is spaced from the free edges of the hingedglue tab 39 for reasons that will be discussed further below. A lower portion of theend connecting panel 12 is cut away to accommodate the protrusion of the hingedglue tab 29 of thesecondary partition panel 31. The position of this hingedglue tab 29, and the cut away portion of theend connecting panel 12 is such as to be equidistant from a notional intersection between thefold line 80 hinging the primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels together, with thefold line 88 hinging theend connecting panel 12 to theprimary partition panel 10. This allows, in the manner described in more detail below, the hingedglue tab 29 of thesecondary partition panel 31 to be folder over into vertical registry over theaperture 41 in theend connecting panel 12. As illustrated, glue spots G are located on thefirst side panel 14 so as to correspond to the position of the hingedglue tabs panel 12 is such that the side thereof connected to theprimary partition panel 10 is shorter than the opposing side thereof connected to thefirst side panel 14. This is because the uppermost edge of the connectingpanel 12 rises a lesser amount, with distance from thefirst side panel 14, than the upward dimension of the cut away portion, described above, formed in the lower portion of the connectingpanel 12. The rising uppermost edge of the connectingpanel 12 causes a corresponding rise in a lowermost edge of thehandle reinforcing panel 22, which is consequently narrower proximate theprimary partition panel 10 than it is at its opposing end. - Hinged to an opposing edge of the
end connecting panel 12 is thefirst side panel 14, which first side panel is hinged along an adjacent lower edge, via afold line 100, to a firstbottom panel 26, and along an opposing edge to thefirst end panel 16 via afold line 98. - The first
bottom panel 26 comprisesapertures 70 and securement flaps 58, 60 for providing a complementary securement means with a secondbottom panel 24 described below. - The
first end panel 16 comprises a peaked upper edge and is connected along one side viafold line 98 to thefirst side panel 14 and along a co-axialshort fold line 99 to the connectingtab 104. Along an opposing edge thefirst end panel 16 is hinged to thesecond side panel 18 along thefold line 106 and defined in thefirst end panel 16 is a glue line G for securing thefirst end panel 16 to theglue flap 11 of theprimary partition panel 10 in the manner described below. - The
second side panel 18 is further hinged, along an opposing edge, viafold line 110, to thesecond end panel 20, and along a lower edge thereof to thesecond bottom panel 24, via afold line 108. Thesecond side panel 18 is further illustrated as comprising glue spots G for securing thesecond side panel 18 to the glue flaps 37, 39 of the first 36 and second 38 spacer panels in the manner described below. - The
second bottom panel 24, similar to the firstbottom panel 26, comprisesaperture 70 and comprisessecurement tabs second bottom panel 24 to the firstbottom panel 26. - The
second end panel 20 is peaked along its upper edge similar to thefirst end panel 16, and comprises a number of glue spots and lines G for securement to other panels of the blank 1 during the erection process described below. - it is contemplated that the positioning of the reinforcing
handle element 22 adjacent thehandle element 28, in conjunction with a tapering of theinterior handle element 30 at a complementary angle to a tapering of each of the first 26, and second 24 bottom panels allows the blank to be nested with other such blanks with a minimum wastage of intervening material, such as paperboard, from which the blanks are produced. This is accomplished by allowing adjacent blank 1 to nest together more closely by interlocking peripheral edges thereof such that the overall spacing between a common point on each is reduced in comparison to a case in which the blank 1 are disposed side-by-side without any interlocking. An example of this is shown inFigure 2 , wherein six such blanks are nested together such that they may be produced from a standardized sheet of paperboard measuring approximately 1 m by 1 .4m. A lateral spacing between theinterior handle element 30 and the firstbottom panel 26, and similar spacing between the first 26 and secondbottom panel 24 allows those panels, from a second blank 1 (orientated at 180 degrees to first blank 1) to be tessellated therebetween, to aid this reduction in wasted material. To this end, it is preferred that the blank 1 be restricted to providing only two handle elements (thehandle element 28, and the reinforcing handle element 22) along the upper edge of the aforementioned linear series of panels, and that these two handle elements are positioned adjacent one another above one end of that linear series of panels. This is advantageous in that, in the manner illustrated inFigure 2 , a second blank 1 rotated 180 degrees may then be located along side this first blank 1, such that thehandle elements handle elements interior handle element 30 be provided at only half width of the result handle structure of thecarton 3, such that the spacing between adjacent terminal edges of theinterior handle element 30 and the firstbottom panel 26 is sufficient to accept thesecond bottom panel 24 of another blank 1 nested therebeneath. If theinterior handle element 30 were substantially the same width as thehandle element 28, insufficient space would be provided for this to be possible. It is further preferred that the first 26 and second 24 bottom panels be of equal dimension and also preferably partially tapered to allow thebottom panels bottom panels - As shown in
Figure 9 , it is contemplated that the height H1 of theprimary partition panel 10 including thehandle element 28, i.e., the distance between the upper edge of thehandle element 28 and thefold line 80 hinging theprimary partition panel 10 to thesecondary partition panel 31, is equal to the height H1 of thesecondary partition panel 31 including theinterior handle panel 30. H1 is substantially equal to or less than half the maximum vertical dimension H2 of the blank 1, and less than the total height of the carton H4, The total height H3 of theprimary partition panel 10 including thehandle element 28 is less than H4. In the preferred embodiment of the blank 1, the spacing betweenfold lines spacer panels partition panels carton 3, when constructed, can accommodate bottles of 330ml volume (approximately 11 - 12 fl oz,). The preferred embodiment of the blank 1 has a maximum vertical dimension of 870mm and a maximum horizontal dimension of 275mm. It is contemplated that each of the foregoing dimensions can be altered to accommodate different packaging requirements. - Turning now to a preferred method of erecting a carton 3 (shown in stages of erection in
Figures 3 to 8 ) from the blank 1 ofFigure 1 , it is contemplated that an adhesive be applied to the glue spots G on theprimary partition panel 10 and to thehandle element 28. The glue spots G are located preferably below thefirst spacer panel 36, and intermediate thefirst spacer panel 36 and thesecond finger aperture 54, and above thatsecond figure aperture 54. Additional glue spots G are located proximate the side edges of thehandle element 28. It is contemplated that thesecondary partition panel 31 is then folded upwardly, about thefold line 80, into co-planar contact with portions of theprimary partition panel 10. This results in theinterior handle element 30 being brought into co-planar contact with portions of thehandle element 28, and theaperture 56 defined within theinterior handle element 30 being located in registry over thesecond finger aperture 54. The size of theaperture 56 and theinterior handle element 30 is such that the registry of thataperture 56 over thesecond finger aperture 54 of thehandle element 28 does not foul the hinging of thesecond finger flap 40 about thefold line 41. The resulting arrangement of panels is shown inFigure 3 . Where the adhesive applied to the above described glue spots G is sandwiched between theprimary partition panel 10 and thesecondary partition panel 31 or between thehandle element 28 and theinterior handle element 30, it acts to secure the contacting surfaces together, in the arrangement illustrated inFigure 3 . - Adhesive is then applied to glue spots G on the
handle reinforcing panel 22, above and below the third 48 and fourth 50 finger apertures defined therein. Additional adhesive is applied to glue spots G on thehandle reinforcing panel 22 proximate the connectingtab 104, as well as to glue spots G on thefirst side panel 14 where the hingedglue tabs first side panel 14. Also, the connectingtab 104 has adhesive applied thereto. Theprimary partition panel 10 is then folded aboutfold line 88 to bring portions of thesecondary partition panel 31 andprimary partition panel 10 into contact with thefirst side panel 14, bringing, as a result, portions of theinterior handle element 30 and thehandle element 28 into contact with portions of thehandle reinforcing panel 22. The resulting arrangement of panels is illustrated inFigure 4 in which, hidden beneath theprimary partition panel 10, the third 32 and fourth 34 spacer panels are secured to thefirst side panel 14 by their hingedglue tabs handle reinforcing panel 22 is secured to theinterior handle element 30 and portions of thehandle element 28.Glue flap 11 is disposed over thefirst side panel 14 but not secured thereto. - As can be seen from
Figures 1 ,3 and4 the hingedglue tab 39 of thesecond spacer panel 38 extends from a side of theprimary partition panel 10. This hingedglue tab 39 overlies the hingedglue tab 29 of the secondary partition panel 31 (not shown inFigure 4 ), which is rotated through theaperture 41 in theend connecting panel 12 as theprimary partition panel 10 is folded aboutfold line 88. - Adhesive is then applied to the glue spots G of the
first end panel 16 andsecond side panel 18 where, respectively, the hingedglue tabs glue flap 11, will come into contact. Thefirst side panel 14 is then folded aboutfold line 98 to bring theprimary partition panel 10 into contact with thesecond side panel 18 and thereby to secure the first 36 and second 38 spacer panels thereto by their hingedglue tabs glue flap 11 is secured to thefirst end panel 16 via the glue spot G thereon, and the connectingtab 104 is secured to contacting portions of thefirst end panel 16, in the arrangement shown inFigure 5 . - To complete the construction of a flat collapsed tubular structure from the blank 1, glue is applied to the glue spot G on the
second end panel 20 before it is folded aboutfold line 110 into securement with portion of theend connecting panel 12 and hingedglue tab 29 extending through theaperture 41 in theend connecting panel 12, to result in the arrangement shown inFigure 6 showing a partially erectedcarton 3, In flat collapsed condition. - Once the above folding and gluing operations have been completed the
carton 3 is ready to be partially erected in the following preferred manner described below. - The partition structure, created by
primary partition panel 10 andsecondary partition panel 31, is disposed intermediate the first 14 and second 18 side panels and secured to thefirst end panel 16 being via theglue flap 11 and the connectingtab 104 and to thesecond end panel 20 via theend connecting panel 12 and the hingedglue tab 29 of thesecondary partition panel 31. Hinging the first 14 and second 18 side panels about therespective end panels carton 3 erects thecarton 3 into a tubular condition. This operation causes the first 36, second 38, third 32 and fourth 34 spacer panels to be struck from the primary 10 and secondary 31 partition panels respectively and to take up an orientation perpendicular to the partition structure and interconnecting the first 14 or second 18 side panels with the corresponding adjacent one of the primary 10 or secondary 31 partition panels. Thesespacer panels - Once in an opened tubular condition, the
carton 3 may be loaded with articles from above or below and the bottom of the carton may be closed by folding of the first 26 and second 24 bottom panels aboutrespective fold lines securement tabs bottom panel 26 by the deflection of the securement flaps 58, 60 out of the plane of the firstbottom panel 26. Thesecurement tabs - The
carton 3 before or after being loaded with articles may be lifted using its handle structure, which handle structure is formed from thehandle element 28 and handle reinforcingpanel 22 between which is sandwichedinterior handle element 30. This handle structure enhances the robustness of the first 52 and second 54 finger apertures in thehandle element 28 by providing additional thicknesses of the blank material to withstand the stresses of the weight of thecarton 3. The first finger flap 42 is in registry with thefourth finger flap 44 and similarly thesecond finger flap 40 is in registry with thethird finger flap 46 such that the corresponding pairs of finger flaps may be struck from the respective finger apertures simultaneously upon insertion of fingers through those apertures. - A second embodiment of a blank 101 is shown in
Figure 10 , which second blank 101 is very similar to the blank 1 illustrated inFigure 1 . Like reference numerals have been used inFigures 10 and11 to indicate like features, prefixed with "1 " to denote this second embodiment. Only the differences between this second embodiment and the first will be discussed below. - The first 116 and second 120 end panels, and the connecting
panel 112 are not peaked in this second embodiment and instead have top edges (relative to their orientation in the erected carton) that linearly extend between the corresponding upper edges of the first 1 14 and second 118 side panels. This is advantageous at least in that these panels provide a continuous flat edge against which aprimary partition panel 110 and handlereinforcement panel 122 of a subsequent blank 101 may tessellate when nested in the manner shown, for example, inFigure 11 . - The blank 101 lacks the connecting
tab 104 of the first blank 1; thehandle reinforcing panel 122 of the resulting carton (not shown) is connected only at one end thereof, to theprimary partition panel 110. - Erection of a carton from the second blank 101 follows the same process as described above in relation to the first blank 1. The partition structure that results from the
primary partition panel 110, handle reinforcingpanel 122 andsecondary partition panel 131 is connected at one end to thefirst end panel 112, by theglue flap 111 of theprimary partition panel 110. The opposing end of theprimary partition panel 110 is connected by the hinged connection to the connectingpanel 112. - A third embodiment of a blank 201 is shown in
Figure 12 , which third blank 201 is similar to the second blank 101 described above. Like reference numerals have been used inFigures 12 to 19 to indicate features common toFigure 10 , prefixed with "2" to denote this third embodiment. Only the differences between this third embodiment and the second will be discussed below. -
Blank 201 shares the majority of its features in common with blank 101 ofFigure 10 . Thesecondary partition panel 231, however, does not extend fully across the width of the lower edge (relative to its orientation the erectedcarton 203 ofFigure 19 ) of theprimary partition panel 210. Theprimary partition panel 210 extends the full height of the connectingpanel 212 adjacent thereto, and the lowermost edge thereof rises upwardly, toward an upper edge thereof, with distance from the connectingpanel 212. Thefold line 280 connecting the primary 210 and secondary 231 partition panels then extends, transversely away from the connectingpanel 212, from an uppermost point on this lowermost edge of theprimary partition panel 210. On an opposing side of thefold line 280 the lowermost edge then descends away from thefold line 280, with proximity to the opposing side edge of theprimary partition panel 210. As illustrated, theprimary partition panel 210 is not symmetrical about a central axis thereof, and the lowermost edge thereof is higher at the edge thereof adjacent theglue flap 211 than it is at the edge thereof adjacent the connectingpanel 212. Thefold line 280 connecting theprimary partition panel 210 to thesecondary partition panel 231 is thus offset upwardly from the lowermost edge of theprimary panel 210 adjacent theglue panel 211. This arrangement permits a greater portion of theprimary partition panel 210 to be connected to the connectingpanel 212 than in the blank 101 ofFigure 10 . - The blank 201 lacks the hinged
glue tab 29 of thesecondary partition panel 31 described above in relation to the blank 1 ofFigure 1 . The connectingpanel 212 therefore lacks the cut away portion of the blank 101. Thus the arrangement of thecarton 203, when erected in the manner shown inFigure 19 , differs from the first and second embodiments in that there is no connection between thesecondary partition panel 231 and the connectingpanel 212. For this reason, it is particularly advantageous that the connection between theprimary partition panel 210 and the connectingpanel 212 be maximised, to promote structural integrity in the carton. - The first 212 and second 216 end panels and the connecting
panel 212 have flat upper edges, as is the case with the second embodiment, and thus the blank 201 of the third embodiment is also nestable in a yet more material efficient way than the first embodiment, because these flat upper edges permit closer tessellation ofadjacent blanks 201, as is shown best inFigure 13 . - The above described exemplary process for erecting the blank 1 of the first embodiment into the
carton 3 may be followed to form the blank 201 into acarton 203.Figures 14 to 19 show a sequence of steps in this folding operation process. Briefly stated, as described above, thesecondary partition panel 231 is hinged upward into contact with the primary partition panel 210 (as shown inFigure 14 ), before theprimary partition panel 210 is then hinged across over thefirst side panel 214, thereby sandwiching portions of thesecondary partition panel 231 between the primary partition pane! 210 and thehandle reinforcement panel 222. Anaperture 256 in thesecondary partition panel 231 aligns withcorresponding apertures 254 and 250 in the primary 210 and secondary 231 partition panels so that the resulting partition arrangement has apertures defined therethrough for use by a user as finger holes to carry the resulting carton, as shown inFigure 15 . Glue spots G on theprimary partition panel 210 and on thehandle reinforcing panel 222 secure the partition arrangement as a single unit. The lack of hingedglue panel first side panel 214 is folded over onto thefirst end panel 216, as shown inFigure 16 , the glue spots on thesecond end panel 220 need to be arranged to avoid securement to the upper surface of theglue tab 239 or thesecond spacer panel 238, visible through theaperture 241 in the connectingpanel 212. Folding thesecond end panel 220 into securement with the connectingpanel 212 completes the collapsed tubular condition of the carton, which may be erected fully by separating the opposingside bottom panels - It can be appreciated that various changes may be made within the scope of the present invention, for example, the size and shape of the panels and apertures may be adjusted to accommodate articles of differing size or shape. In other embodiments of the invention it is envisaged that a different number of spacer panels may be provided to create a different number of wells into which articles may be inserted. Further, it is contemplated that no spacer panels be provided at all such that the carton is divided only by the partition panels.
- Where the above description has described the provision of adhesive, this contemplates, amongst others, liquid adhesive substances such as glues and resins, as well as the use of welding or mechanical fastening devices. It is also contemplated that the adhesive may be applied, rather than to the glue spots indicated in
Figure 1 , to the surfaces of the blank 1 that will come into contact with those glue spot positions, such as amongst other locations, the hingedglue tabs glue flap 11. It is further contemplated that the adhesive could be applied to both the glue spots and to those contacting surfaces, for further enhanced securement. - It is further contemplated that the
secondary partition panel 31 may be hinged to theprimary partition panel 10 along a side edge thereof rather than a lower edge as described above. Theglue flap 11 could, in this case, be struck from adjacent portions of thesecondary partition panel 31, and be reduced in size to provide an edge of theprimary partition panel 10 to provide the necessary hinge. Alternatively, the hinge could be between thehandle element 28 and theinterior handle element 30, along an adjacent edge thereof opposed to the reinforcinghandle element 22. - It will be recognised that as used herein, directional references such as "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "end", "side", "inner", "outer", "upper" and "lower" do not limit the respective panels to such orientation, but merely serve to distinguish these panels from one another. Any reference to hinged connection should not be construed as necessarily referring to a single fold line only; indeed it is envisaged that hinged connection can be formed from one or more of the following, a short slit, a frangible line or a fold line without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
- A carton (3; 203) for holding articles, which carton comprises walls (12, 20, 14, 16, 18; 212, 214, 216, 218, 220) formed from a linear series of panels connected one to the next which walls define an interior volume for accepting the articles, the carton further comprising first and second partition panels (10, 31; 210, 231) for forming a partition to divide that interior volume, from which partition extends a handle structure, the first and second partition panels being hinged to one another which handle structure is formed from a first handle element (28; 228) provided by an upper portion of the first partition panel and a third handle element (30; 230) for forming the handle structure being provided by a portion of the second partition panel, characterised by a second handle element (22; 222) hinged to a side edge of the first handle element, wherein the second handle element extends from the hinged side edge of the first handle element to a second opposing side edge of the first handle element, wherein the first partition panel extends across the interior volume from a hinged connection to a connecting panel at a first end to a hinged connection to a glue flap at a second end.
- The carton according to claim 1, wherein the first partition panel is hinged to the second partition panel along a lower edge thereof.
- The carton according to claim 1, wherein the second partition panel is folded into coplanar contact with the first partition panel such that the third handle element is in coplanar contact with the first handle element.
- The carton according to claim 3, where the second handle element is one or more of: a) folded into coplanar contact with the third handle element thereby to sandwich that third handle element between the first and second handle elements; or, b) hinged to a connecting tab (104) that connects the second handle element to an end wall (16) of the carton.
- The carton according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second partition panel comprises a hinged tab (29) that extends from a side edge of the second partition panel, through an aperture (41) formed in an end connecting panel (12) and is secured to an end wall (18) of the carton, wherein said end connecting panel connects one end of the first partition panel to a side wall of the carton.
- A blank (1; 201) for forming a carton (3; 203), which blank comprises panels (12, 20, 14, 16, 18; 212, 214, 216, 218, 220) in linear series for forming walls of the carton defining an interior volume for accepting articles, the blank further comprising first and second panels (10, 31, 210, 231) for forming a partition to divide that interior volume, from which partition extends a handle structure, wherein the handle structure is formed from first and second handle elements (28, 22; 228, 222), the first handle element being provided by a portion of the first panel, the second panel being hinged to the first panel and providing a third handle element (30; 230) for forming the handle structure and characterised in that the first and second handle elements (28, 22; 228, 222) are hinged to one another along a side edge thereof and extending along one edge of the aforesaid linear series, wherein the second handle element is configured such that in a set up carton the second handle element extends from the hinged side edge of the first handle element to a second, opposing, side edge of the first handle element.
- The blank according to claim 6, wherein the first partition panel is hinged to the second partition panel along a lower edge thereof.
- The blank according to claim 6, wherein the second panel is foldable into coplanar contact with the first panel such that the third handle element is in coplanar contact with the first handle element.
- The blank according to claim 6, where the second handle element is one or more of: a) foldable Into coplanar contact with the third panel thereby to sandwich that third handle element between the first and second handle elements; or, b) is hinged to a connecting tab (104) that connects the second handle element to a panel for forming an end wall (16) of the carton.
- The blank according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the blank further comprises first and second bottom panels (24, 26) hinged to an edge of the aforesaid linear series, the first bottom panel being disposed adjacent the third handle element, and wherein the third handle element is substantially half the width of the first handle element such that a distance between adjacent edges of the third handle element and the first bottom panel, is substantially equal to the width of the second bottom panel.
- The blank according to claim 10, wherein the first and second bottom panels have equal width and are spaced apart by a distance substantially equal to that width to allow first and second bottom panels of an identical blank to nest between the first and second bottom panels of the blank.
- The blank according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the first panel (10) for forming the partition is hinged to a first panel (12) of the linear series, which first panel of the linear series connects the first panel for forming the partition to a panel (14) for forming an exterior wall of the carton, the first panel of the linear series comprising an aperture (41) defined therein, whereby a portion (39) of the partition is securable to a portion of an exterior wall (18) of the carton through that aperture when the carton is erected.
- The blank according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the panels of the blank are sized such that a carton erected from that blank is capable of receiving six bottles each of a first volume, whilst the blank is nestable with other such blanks to allow six such blanks to be cut from a sheet of material measuring 1 meter by 1.4 meters, wherein said first volume is one of:a. 330ml; orb. 400ml; orc. 500ml
- The carton according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the distance between the fold line connecting the first and second partition panels and the opposed edges of those two partition panels is less than or equal to half the total distance between those two opposed edges.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1006755.1A GB201006755D0 (en) | 2010-04-22 | 2010-04-22 | Carton |
GBGB1104181.1A GB201104181D0 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-03-11 | Carton |
PCT/US2011/033565 WO2011133851A2 (en) | 2010-04-22 | 2011-04-22 | Carton |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2560895A2 EP2560895A2 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
EP2560895B1 true EP2560895B1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
Family
ID=44080393
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11717437.5A Active EP2560895B1 (en) | 2010-04-22 | 2011-04-22 | Carton |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2560895B1 (en) |
KR (3) | KR101902896B1 (en) |
AU (2) | AU2011242538B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE212011100026U1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2560895T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2711962T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2012010628A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ603258A (en) |
PT (1) | PT2560895T (en) |
SG (1) | SG184981A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011133851A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB201205068D0 (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-05-09 | Meadwestvaco Packaging Systems | Basket carrier and blank therefor |
GB201205243D0 (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2012-05-09 | Kraft Foods R & D Inc | Packaging and method of opening |
GB2511560B (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2018-11-14 | Mondelez Uk R&D Ltd | Improved Packaging and Method of Forming Packaging |
GB2511559B (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2018-11-14 | Mondelez Uk R&D Ltd | Improved Packaging and Method of Forming Packaging |
TWI800523B (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2023-05-01 | 美商偉斯特洛克包裝系統有限責任公司 | Article carrier and blank therefor |
US11608218B2 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2023-03-21 | Westrock Packaging Systems, Llc | Blank for forming an article carrier |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9818792D0 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 1998-10-21 | Mead Corp | Beverage carton with strap type carrying handle |
US6129266A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2000-10-10 | The Mead Corporation | Carton with reinforced handle structure |
GB9916343D0 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 1999-09-15 | Mead Corp | Carton and handle therefor |
GB2366788A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2002-03-20 | Field Group Plc | Carton having dividers |
DE60136576D1 (en) * | 2000-12-12 | 2008-12-24 | Meadwestvaco Packaging Systems | Carton container with removal device |
AU2003280427B2 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2007-10-25 | Meadwestvaco Packaging Systems Llc | Carton and carton blank |
US8020695B2 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2011-09-20 | Graphic Packaging International, Inc. | Basket carrier |
GB0716029D0 (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2007-09-26 | British American Tobacco Co | Packs and cartons for smoking articles |
DE202009008875U1 (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2009-09-24 | Karl Knauer Kg | Blank for a container carrier |
-
2011
- 2011-04-22 AU AU2011242538A patent/AU2011242538B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-04-22 NZ NZ603258A patent/NZ603258A/en unknown
- 2011-04-22 DK DK11717437.5T patent/DK2560895T3/en active
- 2011-04-22 ES ES11717437T patent/ES2711962T3/en active Active
- 2011-04-22 KR KR1020127029956A patent/KR101902896B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-04-22 PT PT11717437T patent/PT2560895T/en unknown
- 2011-04-22 DE DE212011100026U patent/DE212011100026U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2011-04-22 KR KR1020197024320A patent/KR102067950B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-04-22 MX MX2012010628A patent/MX2012010628A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-04-22 WO PCT/US2011/033565 patent/WO2011133851A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-04-22 SG SG2012078309A patent/SG184981A1/en unknown
- 2011-04-22 KR KR1020187027216A patent/KR102015238B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-04-22 EP EP11717437.5A patent/EP2560895B1/en active Active
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2016
- 2016-03-03 AU AU2016201391A patent/AU2016201391A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
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KR102067950B1 (en) | 2020-01-17 |
EP2560895A2 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
KR20130060190A (en) | 2013-06-07 |
ES2711962T3 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
DE212011100026U1 (en) | 2012-07-17 |
WO2011133851A2 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
DK2560895T3 (en) | 2019-02-04 |
NZ603258A (en) | 2014-10-31 |
KR101902896B1 (en) | 2018-10-01 |
KR20190100445A (en) | 2019-08-28 |
KR102015238B1 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
SG184981A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
MX2012010628A (en) | 2012-10-09 |
AU2011242538B2 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
WO2011133851A3 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
AU2016201391A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
PT2560895T (en) | 2019-01-21 |
KR20180124879A (en) | 2018-11-21 |
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