EP2550435A1 - Plant for the production of energy based upon the organic rankine cycle. - Google Patents
Plant for the production of energy based upon the organic rankine cycle.Info
- Publication number
- EP2550435A1 EP2550435A1 EP11710150A EP11710150A EP2550435A1 EP 2550435 A1 EP2550435 A1 EP 2550435A1 EP 11710150 A EP11710150 A EP 11710150A EP 11710150 A EP11710150 A EP 11710150A EP 2550435 A1 EP2550435 A1 EP 2550435A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- plant
- production
- organic
- evaporator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/08—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with working fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/04—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled condensation heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/16—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour
- F22B1/167—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour using an organic fluid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plant for the production of energy based upon the organic Rankine cycle (ORC), in particular a plant for the production of energy comprising a plurality of cascaded ORC systems that use particular turbines.
- ORC organic Rankine cycle
- ORC plants are systems generally used for simultaneous production of electrical and thermal energy, the latter being made available in the form of water at the temperature of 60 - 90°C.
- Organic Rankine cycles are similar to the cycles used by traditional steam turbines, except for the operating fluid, which, normally, is an organic fluid with high molecular mass.
- a typical ORC plant is substantially made up of a pump, a turbine, and some heat exchangers.
- the organic operating fluid is vaporized by using a heat source in the evaporator.
- the steam of the organic fluid expands in the turbine and is then condensed generally using a flow of water in a heat exchanger.
- the condensed liquid is finally sent via a pump into the evaporator thus closing the cycle.
- a regenerator In order to increase the yield of the plant it is possible to envisage the use of a regenerator. In this case, the fluid leaving the turbine traverses a regenerator before being condensed and, once condensed, is pumped into the regenerator, where it is pre-heated by the fluid leaving the turbine, before being sent to the evaporator.
- these plants are used for the production of energy with waste fluids coming from a wide range of industrial and energy-generating processes (cogeneration engines and turbines, furnaces of all types, chimneys of petrochemical plants, sources of geothermal nature, etc.), characterized by a temperature jump that is potentially high but by flows that are on average limited or in any case variable in time or, otherwise, by high flows associated, however, to a low temperature level.
- industrial and energy-generating processes cogeneration engines and turbines, furnaces of all types, chimneys of petrochemical plants, sources of geothermal nature, etc.
- the energy vector used for vaporization of the organic fluid is in general diathermic oil (mineral oil, or synthetic oil for temperatures above 300°C) or water, whereas for condensation water is used.
- diathermic oil moreover prevents the need to use high- pressure boilers.
- the operating fluid is generally constituted by an organic compound or by a mixture of organic compounds, characterized by a high molecular weight.
- the choice of the organic fluid to be used for optimizing the yield of the thermodynamic cycle is made according to the temperature of the heat source available.
- the turbine must normally be designed according to the characteristics of the organic fluid and to the operating conditions. Consequently, it is evident that the application of ORC systems is subject to limits and critical aspects deriving from the thermal power available as primary source, from the temperature level/levels (quality of the source), and from the stability and/or relative variability in time of the thermal load.
- the purpose of the present invention is consequently to provide a plant for the production of electrical energy based upon the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) that will be able to eliminate or reduce the aforementioned drawbacks.
- ORC organic Rankine cycle
- a purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant of an ORC type for the production of electrical energy that will enable maximization of the yield in terms of electrical energy produced.
- a further purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant of an ORC type for the production of electrical energy that will present a small number of parts, and will be easy to produce at competitive costs.
- a plant for the production of energy based upon the organic Rankine cycle which is characterized in that it comprises a first ORC system comprising a first organic operating fluid circulating, in sequence, between a first evaporator in conditions of heat exchange with a heat source, a first expansion stage in a turbine operatively connected to a generator, a first evaporator/condenser, and a first pump for recirculating said first organic operating fluid to said first evaporator.
- ORC organic Rankine cycle
- a further peculiar characteristic of the plant according to the invention is represented by the fact that said turbine is a partializable turbine comprising means for partializing the incoming flowrate of said organic operating fluids, said means being designed to partialize said incoming flowrate to maintain the r.p.m. of said turbine constant.
- the plant for the production of energy comprises a second ORC system, which comprises a second organic operating fluid circulating, in sequence, between said first evaporator/condenser, a second expansion stage in a turbine operative ly connected to a generator, a second evaporator/condenser, and a second pump for recirculating said second organic operating fluid to said first evaporator/condenser, said turbine comprising, for each of said stages, means for partializing the incoming flowrate of said organic fluids.
- ORC system which comprises a second organic operating fluid circulating, in sequence, between said first evaporator/condenser, a second expansion stage in a turbine operative ly connected to a generator, a second evaporator/condenser, and a second pump for recirculating said second organic operating fluid to said first evaporator/condenser, said turbine comprising, for each of said stages, means for partializing the incoming flowrate of said organic fluids.
- the plant according to the invention enables a considerable series of advantages to be achieved as compared to the ORC systems of a known type.
- the system is characterized by a series of successive enthalpic jumps performed not by a single fluid within various rotor- stator assemblies of a turbine (e.g., the water vapour that expands at various levels of pressure in the stages of a turbine), but by a number of fluids, each operating on a number of pressure and temperature levels, within their own turbine, which is coupled, axially aligned or in parallel, to the turbine for the other fluids that together with it constitute the system.
- a series of successive enthalpic jumps performed not by a single fluid within various rotor- stator assemblies of a turbine (e.g., the water vapour that expands at various levels of pressure in the stages of a turbine), but by a number of fluids, each operating on a number of pressure and temperature levels, within their own turbine, which is coupled, axially aligned or in parallel, to the turbine for the other fluids that together with it constitute the system.
- the plant hence comprises a so-called "primary" fluid, which interfaces with the heat source, and an appropriate number of secondary fluids, ordered in such a way that the condensation of the previous one causes evaporation of the next one, in order to recover the maximum possible amount of energy available to the source, yielding the minimum fraction thereof into the environment.
- the limit of quality of the source e.g., low enthalpic level
- the availability and the temperature of the cooling fluid define, instead, the lower-limit stage, enabling, with the use of organic fluids and binary mixtures for low-temperature applications, extension of the discharge from the last turbine to levels theoretically lower than thermal zero.
- the operating fluid of the primary circuit it is preferable for the operating fluid of the primary circuit to have a rather high molecular weight so as to exploit to the full the high temperatures that can present at discharge (typically, 500-900°C).
- the flowrate of said fluid is, however, in this case limited by the thermal power effectively available, and this circumstance is a first limiting factor on the power produced by the primary fluid.
- a second factor, which is no less important, is the molecular weight itself of the fluid.
- a high molecular weight which advantageously enables the high temperatures of the heat source to be pursued, proves a penalizing factor in terms of enthalpic jump in the turbine and condensation temperature.
- this fluid at the evaporator is able, with not excessively high pressures (20-40 bar), to vaporize at quite high temperatures (250-350°C), at the condenser, albeit with pressures far higher than 1 bar, still comes out at rather high temperatures, in the region of 160-250°C.
- a low power is normally obtained, in the region of 15% of the one available at discharge.
- the still significantly high temperatures of the primary fluid undergoing condensation, and the phase thereof selected for heat exchange with very high coefficients of transmission, enable use of a secondary operating fluid that will recover entirely or partially the heat of condensation of the first fluid, and will perform an altogether independent Rankine cycle, producing a further, significant amount of electric power.
- yield of the primary cycle means that of 100 kW at input for the first fluid there remain 85 kW available for the second organic operating fluid.
- said fluid will operate on lower isotherms, guaranteeing in any case a similar yield.
- a 15% recovery means that, out of 85 kW available, a further 12.75 kW are obtained, for a total of 27.75 kW, which is the theoretical yield of a plant that works with just two "cascaded" fluids.
- said means for partializing the incoming flowrate of said organic operating fluids comprise, for each of said stages, a hydraulic device driven by the corresponding organic operating fluid.
- said partializable turbine is a multistage turbine, with single shaft or separate shafts, axially aligned or with parallel axes.
- a preferred embodiment of the plant for the production of energy according to the present invention envisages that said heat source will comprise heat-accumulation means.
- said heat-accumulation means can comprise a refractory-mass accumulation system or a molten-salt closed-circuit battery.
- a further preferred embodiment of the plant for the production of energy according to the present invention envisages that said heat source comprises means for integration of the available energy.
- said means for integration of the available energy comprise a thermodynamic solar-energy system.
- a particular embodiment of the plant for the production of energy according to the present invention envisages the presence of a device for mechanical coupling between said turbine and said generator.
- Said device for mechanical coupling between said turbine and said generator can, for example, comprise a reducer, a flywheel governor, and a brake set between the shaft of said turbine and the shaft of said generator.
- An alternative embodiment of the plant for the production of energy according to the present invention envisages, instead, that said turbine is directly coupled to said generator, said plant further comprising electronic means for conversion of the output voltage of said generator.
- ORC organic Rankine cycle
- Figure 1 shows a diagram of a general embodiment of a plant according to the present invention
- Figure 2 shows a diagram of a first particular embodiment of a plant according to the present invention
- Figure 3 shows a diagram of a second particular embodiment of a plant according to the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the mechanical coupling between a turbine and a generator in a plant according to the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the coupling to the electrical mains of a plant according to the present invention.
- a plant for the production of energy based upon the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) according to the present invention designated as a whole by the reference number 1 , in its more general embodiment illustrated in Figure 1 , comprises at least one first ORC system 10.
- Said first ORC system 10 in turn comprises a first organic operating fluid that circulates, in sequence, between a first evaporator 11 in conditions of heat exchange with a heat source 2, a first expansion stage 12 in a turbine operative ly connected to a generator 4, a first evaporator/condenser 13 and a first pump 14 for recirculating said first organic operating fluid to said first evaporator 11.
- the plant 1 for the production of energy comprises a second ORC system 20, which in turn comprises a second organic operating fluid circulating, in sequence, between said first evaporator/condenser 13, a second expansion stage 22 in a turbine operatively connected to a generator 5, a second evaporator/condenser 23, and a second pump 24 for recirculating said second organic operating fluid to said first evaporator/condenser 13, said turbine comprising, for each of said stages 12 and 22, means for partializing the incoming flowrate of said organic fluids
- the plant comprises at least two organic operating fluids, which, working in cascaded fashion (namely, with the evaporation of the second fluid on the condensation of the first fluid), optimize the entire process, limiting to a minimum the heat yielded by the last condensation.
- the closed-circuit organic Rankine cycle uses the primary source of energy for converting the first fluid into steam, the expansion in the turbine converts this heat accumulated by the steam into kinetic energy, which in turn will become electrical energy.
- the condenser becomes the primary source for the second fluid, and so forth for a possible third stage and subsequent stages.
- said turbine is a partializable turbine and comprises means for partializing the incoming flowrate of said organic operating fluids.
- said partialization means are designed to partialize said inlet flowrate to maintain the r.p.m. of said turbine constant.
- the application of a process of a cascaded type finds justification in the very nature of the heat exchange and of the characteristics of the power fluid.
- it is precisely the first exchanger of the system, the evaporator of the primary fluid with highest enthalpy, the one that is most critical given that it is interfaced with the waste fluids, which each time present low coefficients of heat exchange, high corrosiveness, and non-constancy of the flowrate.
- Using a cascaded system it is possible to concentrate the process of heat recovery in this first exchanger, which constitutes the central element of the entire cycle both in terms of efficiency and in terms of costs.
- said means for partializing the incoming flowrate of said organic operating fluids comprise a hydraulic device driven by the corresponding organic operating fluid.
- said flowrate at inlet to said organic operating fluids is adjusted exploiting the variations of pressure of the organic fluids themselves.
- said partializable turbine can be a multistage turbine, with single shaft or with separate shafts, axially aligned or with parallel axes.
- a particular embodiment of the plant 1 for the production of energy according to the present invention, illustrated in Figure 3, is characterized in that said heat source 2 comprises heat- accumulation means 6.
- the heat-accumulation means 6 which comprise, for example, a refractory-mass accumulation system or a molten-salt closed-circuit battery, it is possible to maintain an average thermal level guaranteed of the heat source 2, managing the situations described above in an optimal way.
- the hot process fluid traverses the refractory material until its own thermal load is reduced to the value at input to the high-temperature evaporator.
- a closed-circuit circulation of hot air or recirculation of the gas itself is activated between the accumulation chamber and the evaporator.
- the optimal accumulation temperature range is between 200°C and 400°C.
- the accumulation system may conveniently be based upon a closed-circuit molten-salt battery, also according to the economic aspects of the investment required for the accumulation tank in the light of the effective thermal capacity that can be recovered and hence of the corresponding electrical production.
- the aggressiveness of the molten salts requires a limitation of the temperature of the mixtures (nitrates and nitrides of sodium, potassium and calcium) to values of 400-450°C to enable use of low-cost materials for heat exchangers and tanks. Furthermore, to prevent combination of the effects of aggressiveness of the salts with the source fluid it is expedient to use an intermediate vector fluid of a diathermic type. Finally, the choice of technologies of exchangers that ensure low loss of head for viscous fluids ('EM-Baffle®' technology, and the like) completes the requirements of the system.
- a further particular embodiment of the plant 1 for the production of energy according to the present invention envisages that said heat source 2 comprises means 7 for integration of the available energy.
- thermodynamic solar sector can, for example, be used to increase the available flowrate adequately during periods of peak demand.
- Coupling of the energy- integration means to the power-accumulation means ensures maximum flexibility of the entire cycle, duly exploiting the stepwise operation of the turbine, as illustrated previously in the case of cascaded multistage organic Rankine cycles.
- Both the accumulation means 6 and the integration means 7 can in fact be conveniently applied to plants comprising a plurality of organic Rankine cycles of the type illustrated in Figure 2.
- the plant 1 for the production of energy according to the present invention can moreover comprise means for electrical transduction, namely, for the transformation of the kinetic energy developed by the turbine into electrical energy.
- the plant 1 for the production of energy according to the present invention can advantageously comprise a mechanical-coupling device 8 between said turbine and said generator 4, 5.
- Said mechanical-coupling device 8 can, for example, comprise a reducer 81 set between the shaft 84 of said turbine and the shaft 85 of said generator 4, 5.
- Said reducer 81 can, for example, be a reducer of an epicyclic type in such a way as to guarantee reduction of r.p.m. from the turbine to the generator (alternator), thus maintaining the right frequency for output the energy produced to the mains.
- the reducer 81 conveniently comprises all the elements (for example, a flywheel governor 82 and a brake 83) that will enable maintenance of the correct working points of the entire system.
- the connection with the mains can be made via a transformer 86 and/or other means for synchronization with said mains.
- said turbine is directly coupled to said generator 4, 5.
- the turbine can be directly coupled to a (synchronous or asynchronous) motor, eliminating the entire mechanical block described previously.
- said device can be used in the four quadrants (Vxl > 0; Vxl ⁇ 0) both as motor for entering the transients of the turbine and exiting therefrom and as electric generator.
- electronic means 9 are present, for example an AC/DC converter for continuous conversion of the high-frequency voltage (frequencies much higher than 50 Hz) given by the direct coupling with the turbine, as well as a DC/ AC converter to obtain the right output voltage with the appropriate synchronism for output into the mains.
- Transformer means 91 may likewise be conveniently present.
- the partialization of the turbine responds in fact to the scenarios of thermal load that can vary according to pre-defined steps, where alternative options of use of the power are available or, more directly, for adapting to reduction of the demand, whatever the origin of said reduction.
- Said application consequently constitutes an effective response, for example in the cases of cogeneration coupled to partializable generators, the cycle of which finds itself pursuing the load in steps (down to a minimum of less than 50% of the nominal size), and/or enabling an increase in the global production of electricity to destine the entire thermal load available to said production (e.g., absence of use or reduced use of hot water/steam in non-winter periods and non-primary interest in trigeneration).
- Coupling with a secondary heat source moreover enables exploitation of the turbine at its maximum level of power, reducing the primary consumption or simply increasing the global production of electricity in the periods of increasing demand.
- a secondary heat source e.g., solar concentration source
- the accumulation of power enables balancing of the production in time and, once again, maximization of the production within the limit of the power effectively available, during periods of increasing demand.
- the plant for the production of energy according to the present invention in particular when it combines cascaded organic Rankine cycles, downstream of an accumulation-integration plant, with partializable turbines, presents as ideal from the technical and economic standpoints for maximization of the yield of production of electrical energy from waste and/or sources of heat of medium-to-low absolute power of any nature.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL11710150T PL2550435T3 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2011-03-09 | Plant for the production of energy based upon the organic rankine cycle. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITBG2010A000015A IT1400467B1 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2010-03-25 | PLANT FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION BASED ON THE RANKINE CYCLE WITH ORGANIC FLUID. |
PCT/EP2011/053527 WO2011117074A1 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2011-03-09 | Plant for the production of energy based upon the organic rankine cycle. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2550435A1 true EP2550435A1 (en) | 2013-01-30 |
EP2550435B1 EP2550435B1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
Family
ID=43607991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11710150.1A Active EP2550435B1 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2011-03-09 | Plant for the production of energy based upon the organic rankine cycle. |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130014509A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2550435B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102834590B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012024305A8 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2792680A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2550435T3 (en) |
EA (1) | EA035787B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2696520T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1400467B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2550435T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2550435T (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011117074A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102054779B1 (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2019-12-11 | 더 케무어스 컴퍼니 에프씨, 엘엘씨 | Processes and compositions for organic rankine cycles for generating mechanical energy from heat |
CN103161529A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-19 | 邵再禹 | Closed circulation electricity generation method canceling working medium backwash pump |
US8984884B2 (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2015-03-24 | General Electric Company | Waste heat recovery systems |
US9024460B2 (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2015-05-05 | General Electric Company | Waste heat recovery system generator encapsulation |
US9018778B2 (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2015-04-28 | General Electric Company | Waste heat recovery system generator varnishing |
CN102979588B (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2015-03-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Photovoltaic and organic Rankine cycle coupling combined heat and power supply system |
GB2521430A (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | Ibm | Device and method for converting heat into mechanical energy |
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- 2011-03-09 WO PCT/EP2011/053527 patent/WO2011117074A1/en active Application Filing
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EP2550435B1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
PL2550435T3 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
CN102834590A (en) | 2012-12-19 |
WO2011117074A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
EA201290947A1 (en) | 2013-04-30 |
ES2696520T3 (en) | 2019-01-16 |
BR112012024305A2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
US20130014509A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
IT1400467B1 (en) | 2013-06-11 |
EA035787B1 (en) | 2020-08-11 |
DK2550435T3 (en) | 2018-12-10 |
CN102834590B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
ITBG20100015A1 (en) | 2011-09-26 |
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