EP2541036A1 - Switching valve, method for producing a switching valve and fuel injector with a switching valve - Google Patents

Switching valve, method for producing a switching valve and fuel injector with a switching valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2541036A1
EP2541036A1 EP12169074A EP12169074A EP2541036A1 EP 2541036 A1 EP2541036 A1 EP 2541036A1 EP 12169074 A EP12169074 A EP 12169074A EP 12169074 A EP12169074 A EP 12169074A EP 2541036 A1 EP2541036 A1 EP 2541036A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
switching valve
section
fuel injector
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12169074A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Krause
Lars Olems
Matthias Horn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2541036A1 publication Critical patent/EP2541036A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043—Two-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8069—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving removal of material from the fuel apparatus, e.g. by punching, hydro-erosion or mechanical operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching valve for controlling an injection valve of a fuel injection device according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a switching valve according to the invention and a fuel injector having a switching valve according to the invention.
  • Such a switching valve is out of DE 10 2010 028 844 A1 the applicant known. It is part of a fuel injector in a common rail injection system and serves to control the lifting movement of a nozzle needle.
  • the switching valve on a valve piece, in which a through hole is formed, which opens into a control chamber. By opening or closing the through hole on the opposite side of the control chamber by means of a valve closing element, the outflow of fuel from the control chamber can be influenced.
  • the known switching valve has a first section, which acts as a throttle section.
  • the throttle section is adjoined by an enlarged diffuser area, which is enlarged in relation to the diameter of the first section, and is adjoined in turn by a flow contour that extends to the valve seat.
  • the known switching valve provides a diffuser region, which tends to reduce the tendency to cavitation by its cross-sectional widening compared to the throttle section.
  • the disadvantage is that the production of the throttle section within the through-bore is relatively complicated, since the throttle section must be formed centrally in the diffuser section, which in turn has a relatively large axial distance to the valve seat area. As a result, the centering of the tool for forming the throttle section is made more difficult.
  • the diffuser section has a certain axial length, which can no longer be used for the formation of the throttle section.
  • the invention has the object, a switching valve according to the preamble of claim 1 such that it can be particularly simple and inexpensive to produce functionally favorable properties.
  • This object is achieved with a switching valve with the features of claim 1, characterized in that adjoins the first, the throttle portion forming portion of the through hole directly the second, reaching to the valve seat portion without connecting the two sections, having a cylindrical portion intermediate portion.
  • the advantage is achieved that can be dispensed with an additional, separate production of the diffuser section, which reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the diameter of the second section is between 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm, preferably between 1.2 mm and 1.4 mm, and wherein the diameter of the first section is between 0.15 mm and 0, 3mm at a length between 0.5mm and 1.5mm.
  • the switching valve in which the actuation of the valve closing element takes place by means of an electromagnet. This makes it possible to dispense with the piezo actuators also known from the prior art, whereby a relatively inexpensive injection valve can be produced.
  • solenoid valves at the mentioned high operating pressures preferably requires the formation of the switching valve as at least almost pressure-balanced valve.
  • the invention also includes a method for producing a switching valve according to the invention. It is for reasons of high dimensional accuracy and Form accuracy provided that the formation of the first portion by means of an erosion process takes place.
  • the second section is furthermore particularly preferred for the second section to be produced by drilling, laser drilling or electrochemical material processing (ECM). It can thus be used a particularly simple or cost-effective production method that also forms the second section with high accuracy. This possibly also makes it possible to omit the hydroerosive rounding of the A-throttle from the state of the art, which is necessary for setting the flow rate, since methods such as the ECM method enable the production and rounding of the A-throttle in one work step.
  • ECM electrochemical material processing
  • an inventive switching valve 10 is shown as part of a fuel injector 100 for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Shown, however, is only a section of the fuel injector 100 in the region of the preferably pressure-balanced switching valve 10.
  • the switching valve 10 is designed as a solenoid valve with an electromagnet 11 for actuating a valve closing element 12.
  • a valve closing element 12 is a cooperating with the electromagnet 11 armature
  • an anchor plate 16 and a sleeve-shaped projection 17 on the anchor plate 16 includes.
  • the sleeve-shaped projection 17 has a conical sealing contour 18, which cooperates with a likewise conical valve seat 20.
  • valve seat 20 results predominantly from a conical elevation 21 of a valve piece 22, so that the valve seat 20 comes to rest outside of the valve piece 22. This simplifies the production of the valve seat 20, since the contours to be machined for the production of the sealing seat are easily accessible.
  • the electromagnet 11 is activated, which causes the serving as a valve closing element 12 armature 15 is moved against the pressing force of the spring element 23 in the direction of the electromagnet 11. In this case, the valve closing element 12 lifts off from the valve seat 20, the switching valve 10 opens.
  • an armature bolt 25 which is at least partially accommodated in the sleeve-shaped projection 17 of the magnet armature 15, is provided which is supported directly or, as shown, indirectly on a housing part 26 of the fuel injector 100.
  • an adjusting plate 27 may be provided for indirect support.
  • the valve member 22 of the switching valve 10 serving to form the valve seat 20 has a central bore 30 which opens into a control chamber 31.
  • fuel can flow out of the control chamber 31 via the bore 30, so that this is relieved of pressure, or a fuel pressure present in the control chamber 31 drops.
  • the bore 30 has for this purpose a throttle 32 which is formed within the bore 30 in the form of a cross-sectional constriction.
  • the bore 30 has a first portion 34 which forms the region of the throttle 32.
  • a second section 35 connects, which extends to the valve seat 20.
  • the first section 34 has a diameter d between 0.15 mm and 0.3 mm, with a length L between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the first section 34 may be, for example, by drilling, Laser drilling or electrochemical material processing (ECM) are formed.
  • the second section 35 has a diameter D between 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm, preferably between 1.2 mm and 1.4 mm, wherein in particular on the basis of Fig. 2 It can be seen that the end 30 of the anchor bolt 25 facing the bore 30 protrudes into the region of the second portion 35. Between the first portion 34 and the second portion 35 of the bore 30 is still a conical transition region 37 is formed, which is generated in particular due to the production of the second portion 35.
  • the switching valve 10 described so far can be modified or modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit.
  • This consists in the formed in the switching valve 10 bore 30, which allows a flow of fuel from the control chamber 31 form such that the throttle 32 forming first portion 34 of the bore 30 is immediately adjacent to the second portion 35, up to the valve seat 20 extends.
  • a diffuser section as in the prior art, is dispensed with.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The valve (10) has a valve closing element (12) operated by an electromagnet (11). A bore (30) is formed in a valve piece (22), where the bore includes a portion designed as a throttle (32). Length/diameter ratio of the portion is larger than three, and a valve seat (20) faces another portion of the bore with constant diameter. The former portion is directly attached to the latter portion without an intermediate portion, where the intermediate portion includes a cylindrical region. The former portion is formed by an erosion process. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for manufacturing a switching valve (2) a fuel injector.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schaltventil zur Steuerung eines Einspritzventils einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltventils und einen Kraftstoffinjektor, der ein erfindungsgemäßes Schaltventil aufweist.The invention relates to a switching valve for controlling an injection valve of a fuel injection device according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a switching valve according to the invention and a fuel injector having a switching valve according to the invention.

Ein derartiges Schaltventil ist aus der DE 10 2010 028 844 A1 der Anmelderin bekannt. Es ist Bestandteil eines Kraftstoffinjektors in einem Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem und dient der Steuerung der Hubbewegung einer Düsennadel. Hierbei weist das Schaltventil ein Ventilstück auf, in dem eine Durchgangsbohrung ausgebildet ist, die in einen Steuerraum mündet. Durch Öffnen bzw. Verschließen der Durchgangsbohrung auf der dem Steuerraum gegenüberliegenden Seite mittels eines Ventilschließelements lässt sich der Abfluss von Kraftstoff aus dem Steuerraum beeinflussen. Zur Druckreduzierung weist das bekannte Schaltventil einen ersten Abschnitt auf, der als Drosselabschnitt wirkt. An den Drosselabschnitt schließt sich ein gegenüber dem Durchmesser des ersten Abschnittes vergrößerter Diffusorbereich an, an den sich wiederum eine Strömungskontur anschließt, die bis zu dem Ventilsitz reicht. Infolge des hohen Druckabfalls im Bereich des Drosselabschnitts besteht die Gefahr der Kavitationsbildung mit einem entsprechenden Materialabtrag in der Durchgangsbohrung, der die Funktionsfähigkeit des Schaltventils über die Lebensdauer des Schaltventils beeinträchtigt. Daher ist es bei dem bekannten Schaltventil vorgesehen, einen Diffusorbereich vorzusehen, der durch seine Querschnittserweiterung im Vergleich zum Drosselabschnitt die Neigung zur Kavitation tendenziell verringert. Nachteilig dabei ist, dass die Fertigung des Drosselabschnitts innerhalb der Durchgangsbohrung relativ aufwändig ist, da der Drosselabschnitt zentrisch in dem Diffusorabschnitt ausgebildet werden muss, welcher wiederum einen relativ großen axialen Abstand zum Ventilsitzbereich aufweist. Dadurch ist die Zentrierung des Werkzeugs zum Ausbilden des Drosselabschnitts erschwert. Weiterhin weist der Diffusorabschnitt eine bestimmte axiale Länge auf, die für die Ausbildung des Drosselabschnitts nicht mehr genutzt werden kann.Such a switching valve is out of DE 10 2010 028 844 A1 the applicant known. It is part of a fuel injector in a common rail injection system and serves to control the lifting movement of a nozzle needle. Here, the switching valve on a valve piece, in which a through hole is formed, which opens into a control chamber. By opening or closing the through hole on the opposite side of the control chamber by means of a valve closing element, the outflow of fuel from the control chamber can be influenced. To reduce the pressure, the known switching valve has a first section, which acts as a throttle section. The throttle section is adjoined by an enlarged diffuser area, which is enlarged in relation to the diameter of the first section, and is adjoined in turn by a flow contour that extends to the valve seat. As a result of the high pressure drop in the region of the throttle section, there is the risk of cavitation with a corresponding material removal in the through hole, which affects the operability of the switching valve over the life of the switching valve. Therefore, it is provided in the known switching valve to provide a diffuser region, which tends to reduce the tendency to cavitation by its cross-sectional widening compared to the throttle section. The disadvantage is that the production of the throttle section within the through-bore is relatively complicated, since the throttle section must be formed centrally in the diffuser section, which in turn has a relatively large axial distance to the valve seat area. As a result, the centering of the tool for forming the throttle section is made more difficult. Furthermore, the diffuser section has a certain axial length, which can no longer be used for the formation of the throttle section.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Ausgehend von dem dargestellten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schaltventil nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 derart weiterzubilden, dass es sich bei funktionell weiterhin günstigen Eigenschaften besonders einfach und kostengünstig herstellen lässt. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem Schaltventil mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass sich an den ersten, den Drosselabschnitt ausbildenden Abschnitt der Durchgangsbohrung unmittelbar der zweite, bis zum Ventilsitz reichenden Abschnitt anschließt, ohne einen die beiden Abschnitte verbindenden, einen zylindrischen Bereich aufweisenden Zwischenabschnitt. Mit anderen Worten gesagt bedeutet dies, dass, im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik, auf einen Diffusorabschnitt in der Durchgangsbohrung vollständig verzichtet wird, so dass sich der erste Abschnitt unmittelbar am Grund des zweiten Abschnitts anschließt. Dadurch wird insbesondere der Vorteil erzielt, dass auf eine zusätzliche, separate Fertigung des Diffusorabschnittes verzichtet werden kann, was die Fertigungskosten herabsetzt. Darüber hinaus ist durch die axial näher an den Ventilsitz gerückte Position des ersten Abschnitts (Drosselabschnitt) eine einfachere Fertigung des ersten Abschnitts möglich. Es hat sich durch Versuche und Simulationen überraschenderweise herausgestellt, dass bei den zur Diskussion stehenden Betriebsdrücken, gemeint sind hier Betriebsdrücke von bis zu mehr als 2000 bar, auf den Einsatz eines aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Diffusorabschnitts verzichtet werden kann, ohne dass dadurch Nachteile hinsichtlich der Kavitation bzw. des Materialabtrages im Bereich der Bohrung zu befürchten sind. Es wurde nämlich herausgefunden, dass mit eine Ursache für die Kavitation die Toleranzlage der einzelnen Abschnitte der Durchgangsbohrung zueinander ist, d.h., dass die optimale Wirkung eines Diffusorabschnitts nur bei einer hochgenauen Anordnung zu den anderen Abschnitten der Durchgangsbohrung, mit dem damit erforderlich hohen Fertigungs- und Kostenaufwand, erzielt wird. Dieser Vorteil lässt sich jedoch unter Beachtung einer kostengünstigen Fertigung in der Praxis nicht verwirklichen, so dass es die Erfindung ermöglicht, trotz Verzicht auf den Diffusorabschnitt eine über die Lebensdauer des Schaltventils zufriedenstellende Funktionsfähigkeit zu erzielen.Based on the illustrated prior art, the invention has the object, a switching valve according to the preamble of claim 1 such that it can be particularly simple and inexpensive to produce functionally favorable properties. This object is achieved with a switching valve with the features of claim 1, characterized in that adjoins the first, the throttle portion forming portion of the through hole directly the second, reaching to the valve seat portion without connecting the two sections, having a cylindrical portion intermediate portion. In other words, this means that, in contrast to the prior art, a diffuser section in the through-hole is completely dispensed with, so that the first section adjoins directly at the bottom of the second section. As a result, in particular the advantage is achieved that can be dispensed with an additional, separate production of the diffuser section, which reduces the manufacturing cost. In addition, a simpler production of the first section is possible by the axially closer to the valve seat zurückte position of the first portion (throttle portion). It has surprisingly been found by experiments and simulations that at the operating pressures under discussion, meaning here operating pressures of up to more than 2000 bar, can be dispensed with the use of a known from the prior art diffuser section without thereby disadvantages in terms Cavitation or material removal in the area of the hole are to be feared. In fact, it has been found that one cause of the cavitation is the tolerance position of the individual sections of the through-hole to one another, ie that the optimum effect of a diffuser section is only possible with a highly accurate arrangement to the other sections of the through hole, which thus required high manufacturing and cost is achieved. However, this advantage can not be realized in practice, considering a cost-effective production, so that the invention makes it possible, despite dispensing with the diffuser section, to achieve satisfactory functioning over the life of the switching valve.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Schaltventils sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In den Rahmen der Erfindung fallen sämtliche Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei von in den Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und/oder den Figuren offenbarten Merkmalen.Advantageous developments of the switching valve according to the invention are specified in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the claims, the description and / or the figures fall within the scope of the invention.

Auch wenn die beiden Abschnitte in axialer Richtung unmittelbar aneinander anschließen, kann es vorgesehen sein, dass zwischen den beiden Abschnitten ein vorzugsweise kegelförmiger Übergangsbereich ausgebildet ist. Dieser kegelförmige Übergangsbereich ergibt sich üblicherweise allein schon durch die Herstellung des zweiten Abschnitts durch Bohren oder Erodieren.Even if the two sections directly adjoin one another in the axial direction, it can be provided that a preferably conical transition region is formed between the two sections. This conical transition region usually results solely from the production of the second section by drilling or erosion.

Besonders bevorzugt ist eine geometrische Dimensionierung der Abschnitte, bei der die Durchmesser des zweiten Abschnitts zwischen 1,0mm und 1,5mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 1,2mm und 1,4mm beträgt, und wobei der Durchmesser des ersten Abschnittes zwischen 0,15mm und 0,3mm bei einer Länge zwischen 0,5mm und 1,5mm beträgt.Particularly preferred is a geometric dimensioning of the sections, in which the diameter of the second section is between 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm, preferably between 1.2 mm and 1.4 mm, and wherein the diameter of the first section is between 0.15 mm and 0, 3mm at a length between 0.5mm and 1.5mm.

Besonders bevorzugt ist der Einsatz des Schaltventils, bei der die Betätigung des Ventilschließelements mittels eines Elektromagneten erfolgt. Dies ermöglicht es, auf die aus dem Stand der Technik ebenfalls bekannten Piezo-Aktoren zu verzichten, wodurch sich ein relativ kostengünstiges Einspritzventil herstellen lässt.Particularly preferred is the use of the switching valve, in which the actuation of the valve closing element takes place by means of an electromagnet. This makes it possible to dispense with the piezo actuators also known from the prior art, whereby a relatively inexpensive injection valve can be produced.

Die Realisierung von Magnetventilen bei den angesprochenen hohen Betriebsdrücken erfordert vorzugsweise die Ausbildung des Schaltventils als zumindest nahezu druckausgeglichenes Ventil.The realization of solenoid valves at the mentioned high operating pressures preferably requires the formation of the switching valve as at least almost pressure-balanced valve.

Die Erfindung umfasst auch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaltventils. Dabei ist es aus Gründen der hohen Maßhaltigkeit und Formgenauigkeit vorgesehen, dass das Ausbilden des ersten Abschnitts mittels eines Erodierverfahrens erfolgt.The invention also includes a method for producing a switching valve according to the invention. It is for reasons of high dimensional accuracy and Form accuracy provided that the formation of the first portion by means of an erosion process takes place.

Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist es weiterhin, dass das Herstellen des zweiten Abschnitts durch Bohren, Laserbohren oder eine elektrochemische Materialbearbeitung (ECM) erfolgt. Es kann somit ein besonders einfaches bzw. kostengünstiges Herstellverfahren eingesetzt werden, dass darüber hinaus mit hoher Genauigkeit den zweiten Abschnitt ausbildet. Dies ermöglicht eventuell auch den Entfall des aus dem Stand der Technik noch notwendigen hydroerosieven Verrundens der A-Drossel zur Durchschlussmengeneinstellung, da Verfahren wie das ECM-Verfahren die Erzeugung und die Verrundung der A-Drossel in einem Arbeitsschritt ermöglichen.It is furthermore particularly preferred for the second section to be produced by drilling, laser drilling or electrochemical material processing (ECM). It can thus be used a particularly simple or cost-effective production method that also forms the second section with high accuracy. This possibly also makes it possible to omit the hydroerosive rounding of the A-throttle from the state of the art, which is necessary for setting the flow rate, since methods such as the ECM method enable the production and rounding of the A-throttle in one work step.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung.Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing.

Diese zeigt in:

  • Fig. 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Schaltventil innerhalb eines Kraftstoffinjektors im Längsschnitt und
  • Fig. 2 einen Teilbereich des Schaltventils gemäß Fig. 1 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung, ebenfalls im Längsschnitt.
This shows in:
  • Fig. 1 an inventive switching valve within a fuel injector in longitudinal section and
  • Fig. 2 a portion of the switching valve according to Fig. 1 in an enlarged view, also in longitudinal section.

Gleiche Bauteile, bzw. Bauteile mit gleicher Funktion sind in den Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen.The same components or components with the same function are provided in the figures with the same reference numerals.

In der Fig.1 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Schaltventil 10 als Bestandteil eines Kraftstoffinjektors 100 zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt. Gezeigt ist jedoch nur ein Ausschnitt des Kraftstoffinjektors 100 im Bereich des vorzugsweise druckausgeglichenen Schaltventils 10. Das Schaltventil 10 ist als Magnetventil mit einem Elektromagneten 11 zur Betätigung eines Ventilschließelements 12 ausgelegt. Als Ventilschließelement 12 dient ein mit dem Elektromagneten 11 zusammenwirkender Magnetanker 15, der eine Ankerplatte 16 und einen hülsenförmigen Ansatz 17 an der Ankerplatte 16 umfasst. Der hülsenförmige Ansatz 17 weist eine konisch ausgebildete Dichtkontur 18 auf, die mit einem ebenfalls konisch ausgebildeten Ventilsitz 20 zusammenwirkt. Die konische Form des Ventilsitzes 20 ergibt sich vorwiegend aus einer kegelförmigen Erhebung 21 eines Ventilstücks 22, so dass der Ventilsitz 20 außerhalb des Ventilstücks 22 zu Liegen kommt. Dies vereinfacht die Herstellung des Ventilsitzes 20, da die zur Herstellung des Dichtsitzes zu bearbeitenden Konturen leicht zugänglich sind.In the Fig.1 an inventive switching valve 10 is shown as part of a fuel injector 100 for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Shown, however, is only a section of the fuel injector 100 in the region of the preferably pressure-balanced switching valve 10. The switching valve 10 is designed as a solenoid valve with an electromagnet 11 for actuating a valve closing element 12. As a valve closing element 12 is a cooperating with the electromagnet 11 armature 15, an anchor plate 16 and a sleeve-shaped projection 17 on the anchor plate 16 includes. The sleeve-shaped projection 17 has a conical sealing contour 18, which cooperates with a likewise conical valve seat 20. The conical shape of the valve seat 20 results predominantly from a conical elevation 21 of a valve piece 22, so that the valve seat 20 comes to rest outside of the valve piece 22. This simplifies the production of the valve seat 20, since the contours to be machined for the production of the sealing seat are easily accessible.

Um das Ventilschließelement 12 in Anlage mit dem Ventilsitz 20 zu halten, wird dieses von der Druckkraft eines Federelementes 23 in Schließstellung beaufschlagt. Zum Öffnen des Schaltventils 10 wird der Elektromagnet 11 aktiviert, was bewirkt, dass der als Ventilschließelement 12 dienende Magnetanker 15 entgegen der Druckkraft des Federelementes 23 in Richtung des Elektromagneten 11 bewegt wird. Dabei hebt das Ventilschließelement 12 von dem Ventilsitz 20 ab, das Schaltventil 10 öffnet.In order to hold the valve closing element 12 in contact with the valve seat 20, this is acted upon by the pressure force of a spring element 23 in the closed position. To open the switching valve 10, the electromagnet 11 is activated, which causes the serving as a valve closing element 12 armature 15 is moved against the pressing force of the spring element 23 in the direction of the electromagnet 11. In this case, the valve closing element 12 lifts off from the valve seat 20, the switching valve 10 opens.

Zur axialen Führung des Magnetankers 15 ist ein in dem hülsenförmigen Ansatz 17 des Magnetankers 15 zumindest teilweise aufgenommener Ankerbolzen 25 vorgesehen, der unmittelbar oder, wie dargestellt, mittelbar an einem Gehäuseteil 26 des Kraftstoffinjektors 100 abgestützt ist. Zur mittelbaren Abstützung kann beispielsweise eine Einstellplatte 27 vorgesehen sein.For axial guidance of the magnet armature 15, an armature bolt 25, which is at least partially accommodated in the sleeve-shaped projection 17 of the magnet armature 15, is provided which is supported directly or, as shown, indirectly on a housing part 26 of the fuel injector 100. For indirect support, for example, an adjusting plate 27 may be provided.

Das zur Ausbildung des Ventilsitzes 20 dienende Ventilstück 22 des Schaltventils 10 weist eine zentrale Bohrung 30 auf, die in einem Steuerraum 31 mündet. Bei geöffnetem Schaltventil 10 kann über die Bohrung 30 Kraftstoff aus dem Steuerraum 31 abströmen, so dass dieser entlastet wird, bzw. ein im Steuerraum 31 vorhandener Kraftstoffdruck abfällt. Die Bohrung 30 weist hierzu eine Drossel 32 auf, die innerhalb der Bohrung 30 in Form einer Querschnittsverengung ausgebildet ist.The valve member 22 of the switching valve 10 serving to form the valve seat 20 has a central bore 30 which opens into a control chamber 31. When the switching valve 10 is open, fuel can flow out of the control chamber 31 via the bore 30, so that this is relieved of pressure, or a fuel pressure present in the control chamber 31 drops. The bore 30 has for this purpose a throttle 32 which is formed within the bore 30 in the form of a cross-sectional constriction.

Wie insbesondere anhand der Fig. 2 erkennbar ist, weist die Bohrung 30 einen ersten Abschnitt 34 auf, der den Bereich der Drossel 32 bildet. Auf der dem Ventilsitz 20 zugewandten Seite des ersten Abschnitts 34 schließt sich ein zweiter Abschnitt 35 an, der bis zum Ventilsitz 20 reicht. Der erste Abschnitt 34 weist einen Durchmesser d zwischen 0,15mm und 0,3mm, bei einer Länge L zwischen 0,5mm und 1,5mm auf. Der erste Abschnitt 34 kann beispielsweise durch Bohren, Laserbohren oder einer elektrochemischen Materialbearbeitung (ECM) ausgebildet werden.As in particular on the basis of Fig. 2 can be seen, the bore 30 has a first portion 34 which forms the region of the throttle 32. On the valve seat 20 side facing the first portion 34, a second section 35 connects, which extends to the valve seat 20. The first section 34 has a diameter d between 0.15 mm and 0.3 mm, with a length L between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm. The first section 34 may be, for example, by drilling, Laser drilling or electrochemical material processing (ECM) are formed.

Der zweite Abschnitt 35 weist einen Durchmesser D zwischen 1,0mm und 1,5mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 1,2mm und 1,4mm auf, wobei insbesondere anhand der Fig. 2 erkennbar ist, dass das der Bohrung 30 zugewandte Ende 36 des Ankerbolzens 25 in den Bereich des zweiten Abschnitts 35 hereinragt. Zwischen dem ersten Abschnitt 34 und dem zweiten Abschnitt 35 der Bohrung 30 ist noch ein kegelförmiger Übergangsbereich 37 ausgebildet, der insbesondere aufgrund der Fertigung des zweiten Abschnitts 35 erzeugt wird.The second section 35 has a diameter D between 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm, preferably between 1.2 mm and 1.4 mm, wherein in particular on the basis of Fig. 2 It can be seen that the end 30 of the anchor bolt 25 facing the bore 30 protrudes into the region of the second portion 35. Between the first portion 34 and the second portion 35 of the bore 30 is still a conical transition region 37 is formed, which is generated in particular due to the production of the second portion 35.

Beim Abströmen des Kraftstoffs durch die Bohrung 30 kann es infolge des Druckabfalls zu Kavitation bzw. einer Kondensation von Dampfblasen des Kraftstoffs kommen. Hierbei erfolgt die Kondensation im zweiten Abschnitt 35 und im Zusammenspiel mit dem sich vor dem eintauchenden Ankerbolzen 25 erzeugten Druckanstieg. Dieses Auskondensieren folgt innerhalb des zweiten Abschnitts 35 ohne Kavitationsschäden im zweiten Abschnitt 35 und an der Stirnseite 38 des Endes 36 des Ankerbolzens 25.When the fuel flows out through the bore 30, cavitation or condensation of vapor bubbles of the fuel may occur as a result of the pressure drop. Here, the condensation takes place in the second section 35 and in conjunction with the pressure increase generated before the dipping anchor bolt 25. This condensing follows within the second portion 35 without cavitation damage in the second portion 35 and on the end face 38 of the end 36 of the anchor bolt 25th

Das soweit beschriebene Schaltventil 10 kann in vielfältiger Art und Weise abgewandelt bzw. modifiziert werden, ohne vom Erfindungsgedanken abzuweichen. Dieser besteht darin, die in dem Schaltventil 10 ausgebildete Bohrung 30, die ein Abströmen von Kraftstoff aus dem Steuerraum 31 ermöglicht derart auszubilden, dass der die Drossel 32 ausbildende erste Abschnitt 34 der Bohrung 30 sich unmittelbar an den zweiten Abschnitt 35 anschließt, der bis zu dem Ventilsitz 20 reicht. Es werden somit lediglich zwei Bohrungsabschnitte erzeugt, und auf einen Diffusorabschnitt, wie beim Stand der Technik, verzichtet.The switching valve 10 described so far can be modified or modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit. This consists in the formed in the switching valve 10 bore 30, which allows a flow of fuel from the control chamber 31 form such that the throttle 32 forming first portion 34 of the bore 30 is immediately adjacent to the second portion 35, up to the valve seat 20 extends. Thus, only two bore sections are produced, and a diffuser section, as in the prior art, is dispensed with.

Claims (8)

Schaltventil (10) zur Steuerung eines Einspritzventils einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung, insbesondere eines Kraftstoffinjektors (100) in einem Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem, mit einem Ventilstück (22) und einem an dem Ventilstück (22) ausgebildeten Ventilsitz (20), mit einem mit dem Ventilsitz (20) zusammenwirkenden, hubbeweglich angeordneten Ventilschließelement (12), wobei im Ventilstück (22) eine Bohrung (30) ausgebildet ist, die einen als Drossel dienenden ersten Abschnitt (34) aufweist, wobei das Längen/Durchmesserverhältnis des ersten Abschnitts (34) größer als drei ist, und mit einem dem Ventilsitz (20) zugewandten zweiten Abschnitt (35) mit nahezu konstantem Durchmesser (D), der sich an den ersten Abschnitt (34) anschließt, und der bis zum Ventilsitz (20) reicht,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass sich der erste Abschnitt (34) unmittelbar an den zweiten Abschnitt (35) anschließt, ohne einen die beiden Abschnitte (34, 35) verbindenden, einen zylindrischen Bereich aufweisenden Zwischenabschnitt.A control valve (10) for controlling an injector of a fuel injector, in particular a fuel injector (100) in a common rail injection system, comprising a valve member (22) and a valve seat (20) formed on the valve member (22), one with the valve seat (20) cooperating, liftably arranged valve closing element (12), wherein in the valve piece (22) has a bore (30) is formed, which serves as a throttle first portion (34), wherein the length / diameter ratio of the first portion (34) larger is three, and with a valve portion (20) facing the second portion (35) with almost constant diameter (D), which adjoins the first portion (34), and which extends to the valve seat (20),
characterized,
in that the first section (34) adjoins directly the second section (35), without an intermediate section connecting the two sections (34, 35) and having a cylindrical region. Schaltventil nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zwischen den beiden Abschnitten (34, 35) ein kegelförmiger, beim Ausbilden des zweiten Abschnitts (35) gebildeter Übergangsbereich (37) angeordnet ist.Switching valve according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that a conical transition region (37) formed during the formation of the second section (35) is arranged between the two sections (34, 35). Schaltventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Durchmesser (D) des zweiten Abschnitts (35) zwischen 1,0mm und 1,5mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 1,2mm und 1,4mm beträgt, und dass der Durchmesser (d) des ersten Abschnitts (34) zwischen 0,15mm und 0,3mm bei einer Länge (L) zwischen 0,5mm und 1,5mm beträgt.Switching valve according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the diameter (D) of the second section (35) is between 1.0mm and 1.5mm, preferably between 1.2mm and 1.4mm, and that the diameter (d) of the first section (34) is between 0.15mm and 0.3mm for a length (L) between 0.5mm and 1.5mm. Schaltventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Betätigung des Ventilschließelements (12) mittels eines Elektromagneten (11) erfolgt.Switching valve according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that actuation of the valve closure member (12) by means of an electromagnet (11). Schaltventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass es als ein im Wesentlichen druckausgeglichenes Ventil ausgebildet ist.Switching valve according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that it is designed as a substantially pressure balanced valve. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schaltventils (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Ausbilden des ersten Abschnitts (35) mittels seines Erodierverfahrens erfolgt.Method for producing a switching valve (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
in that the formation of the first section (35) takes place by means of its eroding method. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Herstellen des zweiten Abschnitts (35) durch Bohren, Laserbohren oder eine elektrochemische Materialbearbeitung (ECM) erfolgt.Method according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the production of the second portion (35) by drilling, laser drilling or an electrochemical material processing (ECM) is carried out. Kraftstoffinjektor (100) mit einem Schaltventil (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei der Systemdruck mehr als 1600bar, vorzugsweise mehr als 2000bar, beträgt.Fuel injector (100) with a switching valve (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the system pressure is more than 1600 bar, preferably more than 2000 bar.
EP12169074A 2011-06-29 2012-05-23 Switching valve, method for producing a switching valve and fuel injector with a switching valve Withdrawn EP2541036A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110078346 DE102011078346A1 (en) 2011-06-29 2011-06-29 Switching valve, method for manufacturing a switching valve and fuel injector with a switching valve

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