EP2538495B1 - Electrical clamp connection for electrical equipment contact and electric apparatus equipped with such clamp connection - Google Patents

Electrical clamp connection for electrical equipment contact and electric apparatus equipped with such clamp connection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2538495B1
EP2538495B1 EP12360047.0A EP12360047A EP2538495B1 EP 2538495 B1 EP2538495 B1 EP 2538495B1 EP 12360047 A EP12360047 A EP 12360047A EP 2538495 B1 EP2538495 B1 EP 2538495B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
clamp
connection clamp
legs
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12360047.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2538495A1 (en
Inventor
Stéhane Bailly
Victor Catusse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Socomec SA
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Socomec SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to PL12360047T priority Critical patent/PL2538495T3/en
Publication of EP2538495A1 publication Critical patent/EP2538495A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2538495B1 publication Critical patent/EP2538495B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/193—Means for increasing contact pressure at the end of engagement of coupling part, e.g. zero insertion force or no friction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/15—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure
    • H01R13/18—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure with the spring member surrounding the socket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/15—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure
    • H01R13/187—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure with spring member in the socket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H01H31/12—Adaptation for built-in fuse
    • H01H31/122—Fuses mounted on, or constituting the movable contact parts of, the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/203—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof for fuses with blade type terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/205—Electric connections to contacts on the base

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical connection clamp for a connection pad of electrical equipment, such as a fuse, a power bar or the like, this connection clamp comprising at least two opposite conductive branches and stressed one towards the other by return means arranged to maintain under pressure said connection range when inserted between the two branches of said clamp, said connection clamp comprising spacer means arranged to cooperate with said branches and occupy at least two stable positions: a first stable position called active position in which the spacer means oppose said return means to open said connection clamp and allow the frictionless movement of the connection pad with respect to the clamp, and a second stable position said passive position in which the spreader means allow the tilting of said gripper c onnexion in closed position.
  • connection clamp for receiving a connection pad of electrical equipment, such as a fuse, a power bar or the like.
  • connection pads generally use fuses, the dimensions, shape of the connection pads and connection method may vary according to the calibres and standards in force, in accordance with the publication FR 2 890 781 from the same applicant.
  • the present invention is interested more particularly to fuses whose connection pads are called knives, such as DIN or UL fuses.
  • connection pads are nested by sliding in connection clamps provided in the devices such as switch-disconnectors, or in any fuse-type system.
  • the fuse connection pads have on their longitudinal edges engagement chamfers facilitating their interlocking between the two conductive branches of the connection clamps.
  • connection clamps are associated with return means arranged to apply a significant pressure force on the conductive branches to ensure both a good mechanical maintenance of the fuse and a quality electrical connection.
  • connection pad in a connection clamp can be found in other systems and for example in pluggable connection boxes on power supply bars, or the like.
  • the invention is also interested in these other applications.
  • the publication FR 2 899 728 A1 describes in particular an electrical outlet for receiving an electrical plug.
  • the connection clamps of the socket are spaced apart by conical spacers carried at the end of a bistable slide in order to facilitate insertion of the plug.
  • the plug moves a probe that unlocks the slide and allows its return to the rest position under the effect of return springs.
  • an action on the gripping part of a actuating finger moves the probe in the opposite direction and causes the return of the slide in the armed position.
  • the spacer means described in this application are therefore complex and require several components cooperating with each other in a complicated operating kinematics.
  • the present invention provides a solution to the problems mentioned above by proposing a new connection clamp allowing the insertion of a connection range of an electrical equipment in a direction other than that imposed by its engagement chamfers, while limiting the insertion and extraction efforts of the connection pad, by eliminating the wear of the connection clamps and by optimizing the electrical connection, by means of a simplified construction requiring a reduced number of components and a kinematic of very simple operation.
  • connection clamp of the type indicated in the preamble, characterized in that said spacer means extend between the two branches of said clamp which define at least one stop on which the spacer means active position so that their length in active position is greater than their length in the passive position.
  • the spacer means may be arranged to pass through an intermediate unstable position between the two stable positions, this intermediate position constituting a threshold beyond which they automatically switch from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position.
  • They may comprise at least two rods interconnected by a hinge and biased by a spring member to form a toggle joint. So preferably they comprise at least one elastic blade mounted between the two branches with a prestress buckling.
  • the spacer means may be arranged at the rear of the branches on the insertion path of the connection pad, so that the switching from their active position to their passive position is caused by the insertion of the connection pad.
  • connection clamp advantageously comprises control means arranged to move the spacer means in at least one direction to tilt them from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position, or in the two opposite directions to tilt them. one of the two stable positions to the other stable position and vice versa.
  • control means may comprise at least one rocker lever integrated in said clamp or outside said clamp.
  • connection legs with a structured electrical contact surface to optimize the electrical connection.
  • an electrical apparatus comprising at least one connection clamp as defined above, characterized in that said spacer means extend between the two branches of said connection clamp which define at least one stop on which support said spacer means in the active position so that their length in the active position is greater than their length in the passive position.
  • connection clamp may comprise control means arranged to move the spacer means coupled to the branches in at least one direction and to switch from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position.
  • these control means may comprise at least one rocker lever mounted on the connection clamp around an axis of rotation and at least one cam integral with said electrical equipment arranged to move the rocker lever in at least one direction during insertion and / or extraction of said equipment into the apparatus.
  • these control means may comprise at least one rocker lever mounted on said apparatus about an axis of rotation and at least one cam integral with said electrical equipment arranged to move said rocking lever in at least one direction when insertion and / or extraction of said equipment in the apparatus.
  • control means may comprise at least one rocker lever mounted on said apparatus and coupled to a tilting handle arranged to move said rocking lever in at least one direction during insertion and / or extraction. said equipment in the device.
  • connection clip 10 is arranged to receive a connection pad 20 of electrical equipment such as, for example, a fuse 2, a shunt or the like, associated with any type of apparatus or device. electrical equipment 1, as well as any type of fuse holder, platinum, a connection box 5 or the like.
  • the connection range 20 of such electrical equipment is generally constituted by a metal bar 21, which may have a substantially rectangular section provided with at least one engagement chamfer 22 on one of its longitudinal edges and sharp edges 23 on its transverse edges.
  • This type of electrical equipment usually comprises two connection pads 20 inserted into two connecting clamps 10 in correspondence, in an insertion direction perpendicular to the engagement chamfers 22 (cf. Fig.
  • connection pads 20 are constituted by power supply bars, generally of rectangular section, without engagement chamfer.
  • the invention can also be applied to electrical outlets provided with connection pads of circular section or other, as well as any other electrical equipment requiring the insertion and removal of connection pads.
  • connection clamp 10 comprises at least two metal branches 11, electrically conductive, opposite and carried by fixing means 12. These fastening means 12 may or may not be common to the two branches 11 depending on whether the clamp 10 is a single piece or no, and are suitable for each application for mounting in series connection clamps 10 in an electrical circuit of any type of device 1, fuse holder, connection box 5, etc.
  • the two branches 11 are urged toward each other in the closed position by return means 13.
  • the return means 13 are constituted by a circlip arranged to exert sufficient pressure on the branches 11 and guarantee a good maintenance of the connection pad 20 and a good electrical contact.
  • any other spring member may be suitable.
  • connection clamp 10 of the invention differs from the state of the art in that it comprises spacer means 30 whose operating principle is illustrated by the Figures 1A to 1C . They are arranged to cooperate with the branches 11 and occupy at least two stable positions: a first stable position called active position (cf. Fig. 1A , 2A, 4A ) in which the spacer means 30 oppose the return means 13 to open the connection clamp 10 and allow the frictionless movement of the connection pad 20 with respect to the clamp, and a second stable position called passive position (cf. . Fig. 1 C , 2B, 4B ) in which the spacer means 30 allow tilting of the connection clamp 10 in the closed position on the connection pad 20 to ensure that it is held under pressure in the clamp and a good electrical connection.
  • active position cf. Fig. 1A , 2A, 4A
  • passive position cf. . Fig. 1 C , 2B, 4B
  • these spacer means 30 consist of an elastic blade 31, but could include other means such as for example a toggle formed of two hinged rods and biased by a spring member.
  • the rest of the text relates to the elastic blade 31 to simplify the description with reference to the figures, but the skilled person will understand that it has no limiting effects and that it can be applied to other modes of equivalent realization.
  • the elastic blade 31 is made for example of spring steel, whose thickness is negligible compared to the other two dimensions. It is mounted between the two branches 11 with a prestress in buckling imposed by the low flexibility of the branches of the clamp. For this purpose, the free end of the branches 11 is extended by a tab 14 facing outwardly and provided with a notch 15 and a slot 16 at the bottom of the notch.
  • the elastic blade 31 is fixed to the branches 11 by its ends which are nested in the slots 16.
  • the flared shape of the notches 15 allow the movement of the elastic blade 31 between its two stable positions and the branches 11 form a stop 17 for the blade elastic 31 defining the open position of the clamp 10.
  • the opening clearance of the clamp is small but sufficient and is obtained thanks to the flexibility of the branches 11.
  • the elastic blade 31 is prestressed, bearing on the abutment 17 of the branches 11 and extends over a length L1 which is greater than the length L2 of the same resilient leaf 31 prestressing, without stop, in-position passive visible to the figure 1C .
  • This difference in length makes it possible to open the connection clamp 10 by moving apart the branches 11 by a gap E1 which is sufficient to allow insertion and extraction without friction of one of the connection pads 20 of the fuse 2.
  • the connection clamp 10 can be closed under the action of its return means 13 on the connection pad 20 representing a spacing E2 of the branches 11.
  • the unstable intermediate position of the elastic blade 31 is shown in FIG. Figure 1B and constitutes a threshold beyond which the elastic blade 31 automatically switches from its active position to its passive position and vice versa thanks to the stress exerted by the return means 13 on the branches 11.
  • connection clamp 10 is completed by control means 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, which can be integrated at least partially in the clamp 10 as in the example illustrated by the Figures 2A, 2B and 3A at 3F, or external to the connection clamp 10 as in the examples illustrated by the Figures 4A, 4B , 5A to 5F , 6A, 6B and 7 .
  • the control means 40 comprise a rocker lever 41 pivotally mounted about an axis 42 between the two branches 11 of the connection clamp 10.
  • This rocker lever 41 has a straight shape and is provided with a head 43 disposed facing the resilient blade 31 and a foot 44 arranged to cooperate with a cam 26 provided on a housing 25 carrying the fuse 2.
  • the operation of this rocker lever 41 is illustrated by the Figures 3A to 3F and adapted to a fuse box 25 inserted in a direction perpendicular to the chamfers 22 of the fuse 2, which corresponds to a direction parallel to the connection clamp 10 provided in an electrical apparatus 1.
  • a part of the Apparatus in which a connection clamp 10 is mounted is shown, and only one of the connection pads 20 of the fuse 2 is shown.
  • the figure 3A corresponds to a sectioned position of the electrical apparatus 1, the fuse box 25 initiates its downward movement parallel to the clamp, and the connection clamp 10 is in the open position.
  • the housing of the fuse 25 continues its descent, the connection area 20 of the fuse 2 arrives at the branches 11, the cam 26 of the housing rests on the foot 44 of the rocker lever 41 to bring its head 43 resting on the elastic blade 31 and hold the clamp 10 in the open position.
  • the fuse box 25 continues its descent, the cam 26 has released the rocker lever 41, allowing the displacement of the elastic blade 31 from its active position to its unstable intermediate position by pushing the connection range 20 of the fuse 2, the clamp is still in open position.
  • the fuse box 25 reaches the end of the race, so in the connected position, the connection range 20 of the fuse pushes the elastic blade 31 beyond its unstable intermediate position by automatically switching it to the passive position, allowing the closing of the clamp on the connection range 20 of the fuse under the pressure of its return means 13.
  • the electrical device 1 can be switched on.
  • the figure 3E illustrates the upward movement of the fuse housing 26 in which as soon as the fuse 2 begins its extraction of the clamp, the cam 26 of the housing acts on the rocker lever 41 to push the elastic blade 31 from its passive position to its position intermediate, cause the opening of the clamp 10 to release the fuse 2, and move the elastic blade 31 beyond its intermediate position to switch automatically to the active position.
  • the connection range 20 of the fuse leaves the branches 11, the cam 26 releases the rocker lever 41 and the clamp 10 remains in the open position.
  • the control means 40a comprise a rocker lever 41a pivotally mounted about an axis 42a in the housing of an electrical apparatus 1, a fuse holder or the like.
  • This rocker lever 41a has a bent shape and is provided with a head 43a arranged facing the elastic blade 31 and a foot 44a arranged to cooperate with a cam 26a provided on a housing 25a carrying the fuse 2.
  • the operation of this rocker lever 41a is substantially similar to the previous one but adapted to a fuse box 25a inserted in a direction parallel to the chamfers 22 of the fuse 2 which corresponds to a direction perpendicular to the connection clamp 10, illustrated by the Figures 5A to 5F , also simplified.
  • the Figure 5A corresponds to a sectioned position of the electrical apparatus 1, the fuse box 25a initiates its translation movement perpendicularly to the clamp, and the connection clamp 10 is in the open position.
  • the fuse box 25a continues its translation, the connection range 20 of the fuse arrives at 11.
  • the cam 26a of the housing has no effect on the rocker lever 41a and the clamp 10 is always in the open position.
  • the fuse box 25a continues its translation, the cam 26a has no effect on the rocker lever 41a, which allows the displacement of the elastic blade 31 from its active position to its unstable intermediate position by pushing the range of connection 20 of the fuse 2, the clamp 10 is still in the open position.
  • the fuse box 25a reaches the end of the race, so in the connected position, the connection range 20 of the fuse pushes the elastic blade 31 beyond its unstable intermediate position, automatically switching it to the passive position, allowing the closing of the clamp 10 on the connection pad 20 of the fuse under the pressure of its return means 13.
  • the electrical apparatus 1 can be switched on.
  • the figure 5E illustrates the displacement in inverse translation of the fuse box 25a in which as soon as the fuse 2 begins its extraction from the clamp, the cam 26a acts on the rocker lever 41a to push the elastic blade 31 from its passive position to its intermediate position, and cause opening of the clamp 10 to release the fuse 2.
  • the tilting lever 41a moves the elastic blade 31 beyond its intermediate position to automatically switch it to the active position, the connection range 20 of the fuse leaves the branches 11, and the clamp 10 remains in the open position.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate another variant of the control means 40b in the form of a rocker lever 41b adapted to an elastic blade 31 disposed outside the path of the connection pad 20 of the fuse 2. It has a bent shape and is pivotally mounted around an axis 42b in the housing of an electrical appliance, a fuse holder, a connection box or the like. It is provided with a foot 44b arranged to cooperate with a cam provided on a housing carrying the fuse 2.
  • This tilting lever 41b has a fork 43b with two fingers overlapping the elastic blade 31 to be able to move in both directions depending on the position of insertion and extraction of the fuse 2 in the apparatus 1.
  • connection clamp 10 replaces another example of application of the connection clamp 10 according to the invention to a pluggable connection box 5 on a power supply busbar 200, these bars being similar to the connection pads 20 of the previous examples.
  • This junction box 5, commonly called “plug-in” replaces the connection terminals of an electrical appliance 1, such as a switch, a fuse switch, or the like. It allows the connection of the device 1 to the upstream electrical network, without tools or human intervention, directly on the power busbar 200 under tension, on the back of a plate 51 protecting the operator. Thus, the connection and disconnection of the box to the network can be powered, whether the load is connected or not downstream of the device.
  • the connection box 5 has as many connection clamps 10 as poles, and in example three.
  • each connection clamp 10 comprises spacer means 30 in the form of an elastic blade 31 shown in its two positions: the blade in passive position is in strong line and corresponds to the closed clamps on the bars of feeding, and the blade in the active position is in broken line and corresponds to the open clamps (not shown).
  • the connection box 5 comprises control means 40c which are common to the spacer means 30 and actuated by a tilt handle 52 accessible by an operator to be able to open the clamps 10 before disconnecting the box 5.
  • connection box 5 it is possible to provide self-locking means 53 coupled to the tilting handle 52 to prevent the removal of the device 1 as long as the clamps 10 are closed.
  • the elastic blades 31 switch from their active position to their passive position by pushing on the supply bars 200, they cause the displacement of the tilting handle 52 which will automatically deploy the locking means 53 and block the device 1 to the rear of the plate 51.
  • the tilt handle 52 To remove the device 1, the tilt handle 52 must be actuated to open the clamps 10 and simultaneously retract the locking means 53 inside the housing 5 and allow the withdrawal of the apparatus 1 of the plate 51.
  • interlocking means 54 between the connection box 5 and the control mechanism 55 of the electrical apparatus 1. This interlocking function can be performed by a finger that locks the door. tilt handle 52 as the electrical apparatus 1 is in the engaged position.
  • the spreader means 30 of the invention are applicable to any type of connection clamp, in any type of electrical device, device, support, housing or the like, to removably receive any type of connecting pads that can belong to a fuse, a shunt or the like. Similarly, they can be used in devices, boxes or similar plug-in for example on a power busbar. The examples of given applications are of course not limiting.
  • the invention achieves the goals set, namely that it allows insertion and extraction of a connection pad with respect to a connection clamp without friction, so requiring an effort of minimum maneuver, and does not generate any premature wear of the clamp. It also allows insertion of a connection pad in the clamp in both directions parallel and perpendicular to the clamp, allowing the creation of new architectures of electrical devices. Its embodiment is simple and economical thanks to the reduced number of additional pieces. It allows a possible optimization of the contact surface of the branches of the clamp by reliefs such as streaks or the like, which is impossible in the connection clamps to slip of the state of the art. Its operation remains identical to a conventional connection clamp in the closed position, since the spacer means are insensitive to the thermal stresses that they can undergo in this position.

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  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)

Description

Domaine technique :Technical area :

La présente invention concerne une pince de connexion électrique pour une plage de connexion d'un équipement électrique, tel qu'un fusible, une barre d'alimentation ou similaire, cette pince de connexion comportant au moins deux branches conductrices opposées et sollicitées l'une vers l'autre par des moyens de rappel agencés pour maintenir sous pression ladite plage de connexion lorsqu'elle est insérée entre les deux branches de ladite pince, ladite pince de connexion comportant des moyens écarteurs agencés pour coopérer avec lesdites branches et occuper au moins deux positions stables : une première position stable dite position active dans laquelle les moyens écarteurs s'opposent auxdits moyens de rappel pour ouvrir ladite pince de connexion et autoriser le déplacement sans frottement de la plage de connexion par rapport à la pince, et une deuxième position stable dite position passive dans laquelle les moyens écarteurs autorisent le basculement de ladite pince de connexion en position fermée.The present invention relates to an electrical connection clamp for a connection pad of electrical equipment, such as a fuse, a power bar or the like, this connection clamp comprising at least two opposite conductive branches and stressed one towards the other by return means arranged to maintain under pressure said connection range when inserted between the two branches of said clamp, said connection clamp comprising spacer means arranged to cooperate with said branches and occupy at least two stable positions: a first stable position called active position in which the spacer means oppose said return means to open said connection clamp and allow the frictionless movement of the connection pad with respect to the clamp, and a second stable position said passive position in which the spreader means allow the tilting of said gripper c onnexion in closed position.

Elle concerne également un appareil électrique comportant au moins une pince de connexion pour recevoir une plage de connexion d'un équipement électrique, tel qu'un fusible, une barre d'alimentation ou similaire.It also relates to an electrical apparatus comprising at least one connection clamp for receiving a connection pad of electrical equipment, such as a fuse, a power bar or the like.

Technique antérieure :Prior art:

Les appareils de protection électrique utilisent généralement des fusibles dont les dimensions, la forme des plages de connexion et le mode de connexion peuvent varier en fonction des calibres et des normes en vigueur, conformément à la publication FR 2 890 781 du même demandeur. La présente invention s'intéresse plus particulièrement aux fusibles dont les plages de connexion sont appelées des couteaux, tels que des fusibles DIN ou UL. Ces plages de connexion sont emboîtées par glissement dans des pinces de connexion prévues dans les appareils tels que des interrupteurs-sectionneurs, ou dans tout système de type porte-fusible. A cet effet, les plages de connexion des fusibles comportent sur leurs bords longitudinaux des chanfreins d'engagement facilitant leur emboîtement entre les deux branches conductrices des pinces de connexion. Ces pinces de connexion sont associées à des moyens de rappel agencés pour appliquer un effort de pression important sur les branches conductrices afin de garantir à la fois un bon maintien mécanique du fusible et une connexion électrique de qualité.Electrical protection devices generally use fuses, the dimensions, shape of the connection pads and connection method may vary according to the calibres and standards in force, in accordance with the publication FR 2 890 781 from the same applicant. The present invention is interested more particularly to fuses whose connection pads are called knives, such as DIN or UL fuses. These connection pads are nested by sliding in connection clamps provided in the devices such as switch-disconnectors, or in any fuse-type system. For this purpose, the fuse connection pads have on their longitudinal edges engagement chamfers facilitating their interlocking between the two conductive branches of the connection clamps. These connection clamps are associated with return means arranged to apply a significant pressure force on the conductive branches to ensure both a good mechanical maintenance of the fuse and a quality electrical connection.

Néanmoins, ce mode de connexion présente plusieurs inconvénients :

  • une direction d'insertion du fusible imposée par la présence des chanfreins d'engagement, à savoir une direction perpendiculaire aux chanfreins d'engagement,
  • un effort élevé d'insertion et d'extraction du fusible, et
  • une usure prématurée des pinces de connexion due aux frottements lors du glissement à l'insertion et à l'extraction du fusible.
Nevertheless, this connection mode has several disadvantages:
  • a fuse insertion direction imposed by the presence of the engagement chamfers, namely a direction perpendicular to the engagement chamfers,
  • a high effort of insertion and extraction of the fuse, and
  • premature wear of the connection clamps due to friction during sliding on insertion and extraction of the fuse.

Ce mode de connexion électrique par glissement d'une plage de connexion dans une pince de connexion peut se trouver dans d'autres systèmes et par exemple dans des boîtiers de connexion embrochables sur des barres d'alimentation électrique, ou similaires. L'invention s'intéresse également à ces autres applications.This mode of electrical connection by sliding a connection pad in a connection clamp can be found in other systems and for example in pluggable connection boxes on power supply bars, or the like. The invention is also interested in these other applications.

La publication FR 2 899 728 A1 décrit notamment une prise électrique destinée à recevoir une fiche électrique. Les pinces de connexion de la prise sont écartées par des écarteurs coniques portés à l'extrémité d'un coulisseau bistable dans le but de faciliter l'insertion de la fiche. Lors de l'insertion, la fiche déplace un palpeur qui déverrouille le coulisseau et autorise son retour en position de repos sous l'effet de ressorts de rappel. Pour extraire la fiche, une action sur la partie préhensible d'un doigt d'actionnement déplace le palpeur en sens inverse et provoque le retour du coulisseau en position armée. Les moyens écarteurs décrits dans cette application sont par conséquent complexes et nécessitent plusieurs composants coopérant entre eux selon une cinématique de fonctionnement compliquée.The publication FR 2 899 728 A1 describes in particular an electrical outlet for receiving an electrical plug. The connection clamps of the socket are spaced apart by conical spacers carried at the end of a bistable slide in order to facilitate insertion of the plug. During the insertion, the plug moves a probe that unlocks the slide and allows its return to the rest position under the effect of return springs. To extract the file, an action on the gripping part of a actuating finger moves the probe in the opposite direction and causes the return of the slide in the armed position. The spacer means described in this application are therefore complex and require several components cooperating with each other in a complicated operating kinematics.

Exposé de l'invention:Presentation of the invention

La présente invention apporte une solution aux problèmes évoqués ci-dessus en proposant une nouvelle pince de connexion autorisant l'insertion d'une plage de connexion d'un équipement électrique dans une autre direction que celle imposée par ses chanfreins d'engagement, tout en limitant les efforts d'insertion et d'extraction de la plage de connexion, en supprimant l'usure des pinces de connexion et en optimisant la connexion électrique, ceci au moyen d'une construction simplifiée nécessitant un nombre de composants réduits et une cinématique de fonctionnement très simple.The present invention provides a solution to the problems mentioned above by proposing a new connection clamp allowing the insertion of a connection range of an electrical equipment in a direction other than that imposed by its engagement chamfers, while limiting the insertion and extraction efforts of the connection pad, by eliminating the wear of the connection clamps and by optimizing the electrical connection, by means of a simplified construction requiring a reduced number of components and a kinematic of very simple operation.

Dans ce but, l'invention concerne une pince de connexion du genre indiqué en préambule, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens écarteurs s'étendent entre les deux branches de ladite pince qui définissent au moins une butée sur laquelle s'appuient les moyens écarteurs en position active de sorte que leur longueur en position active est supérieure à leur longueur en position passive.For this purpose, the invention relates to a connection clamp of the type indicated in the preamble, characterized in that said spacer means extend between the two branches of said clamp which define at least one stop on which the spacer means active position so that their length in active position is greater than their length in the passive position.

Les moyens écarteurs peuvent être agencés pour passer par une position instable intermédiaire entre les deux positions stables, cette position intermédiaire constituant un seuil au-delà duquel ils basculent automatiquement d'une des deux positions stables à l'autre position stable.The spacer means may be arranged to pass through an intermediate unstable position between the two stable positions, this intermediate position constituting a threshold beyond which they automatically switch from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position.

Ils peuvent comporter au moins deux tringles reliées entre elles par une articulation et sollicitées par un organe ressort pour former une genouillère. De manière préférentielle ils comportent au moins une lame élastique montée entre les deux branches avec une précontrainte en flambage.They may comprise at least two rods interconnected by a hinge and biased by a spring member to form a toggle joint. So preferably they comprise at least one elastic blade mounted between the two branches with a prestress buckling.

Les moyens écarteurs peuvent être disposés à l'arrière des branches sur la trajectoire d'insertion de la plage de connexion, de sorte que le basculement de leur position active à leur position passive est provoqué par l'insertion de la plage de connexion.The spacer means may be arranged at the rear of the branches on the insertion path of the connection pad, so that the switching from their active position to their passive position is caused by the insertion of the connection pad.

La pince de connexion comporte avantageusement des moyens de commande agencés pour déplacer les moyens écarteurs dans au moins une direction pour les faire basculer d'une des deux positions stables à l'autre position stable, ou dans les deux directions opposées pour les faire basculer d'une des deux positions stables à l'autre position stable et inversement.The connection clamp advantageously comprises control means arranged to move the spacer means in at least one direction to tilt them from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position, or in the two opposite directions to tilt them. one of the two stable positions to the other stable position and vice versa.

Ces moyens de commande peuvent comporter au moins un levier basculeur intégré à ladite pince ou extérieur à ladite pince.These control means may comprise at least one rocker lever integrated in said clamp or outside said clamp.

En complément, l'absence de frottement entre la pince et la plage de connexion offre la possibilité aux branches de connexion de pouvoir comporter une surface de contact électrique structurée permettant d'optimiser la connexion électrique.In addition, the absence of friction between the clamp and the connection pad provides the connection legs with a structured electrical contact surface to optimize the electrical connection.

Le but est également atteint par un appareil électrique comportant au moins une pince de connexion telle que définie ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens écarteurs s'étendent entre les deux branches de ladite pince de connexion qui définissent au moins une butée sur laquelle s'appuient lesdits moyens écarteurs en position active de sorte que leur longueur en position active est supérieure à leur longueur en position passive.The object is also achieved by an electrical apparatus comprising at least one connection clamp as defined above, characterized in that said spacer means extend between the two branches of said connection clamp which define at least one stop on which support said spacer means in the active position so that their length in the active position is greater than their length in the passive position.

Ladite pince de connexion peut comporter des moyens de commande agencés pour déplacer les moyens écarteurs couplés aux branches dans au moins une direction et les faire basculer d'une des deux positions stables à l'autre position stable.Said connection clamp may comprise control means arranged to move the spacer means coupled to the branches in at least one direction and to switch from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position.

Selon une première variante de réalisation, ces moyens de commande peuvent comporter au moins un levier basculeur monté sur la pince de connexion autour d'un axe de rotation et au moins une came solidaire dudit équipement électrique agencée pour déplacer le levier basculeur dans au moins une direction lors de l'insertion et/ou de l'extraction dudit équipement dans l'appareil.According to a first variant embodiment, these control means may comprise at least one rocker lever mounted on the connection clamp around an axis of rotation and at least one cam integral with said electrical equipment arranged to move the rocker lever in at least one direction during insertion and / or extraction of said equipment into the apparatus.

Selon une seconde variante de réalisation, ces moyens de commande peuvent comporter au moins un levier basculeur monté sur ledit appareil autour d'un axe de rotation et au moins une came solidaire dudit équipement électrique agencée pour déplacer ledit levier basculeur dans au moins une direction lors de l'insertion et/ou de l'extraction dudit équipement dans l'appareil.According to a second variant embodiment, these control means may comprise at least one rocker lever mounted on said apparatus about an axis of rotation and at least one cam integral with said electrical equipment arranged to move said rocking lever in at least one direction when insertion and / or extraction of said equipment in the apparatus.

Selon une troisième variante, les moyens de commande peuvent comporter au moins un levier basculeur monté sur ledit appareil et couplé à une poignée de basculement agencée pour déplacer ledit levier basculeur dans au moins une direction lors de l'insertion et/ou de l'extraction dudit équipement dans l'appareil.According to a third variant, the control means may comprise at least one rocker lever mounted on said apparatus and coupled to a tilting handle arranged to move said rocking lever in at least one direction during insertion and / or extraction. said equipment in the device.

Description sommaire des dessins :Brief description of the drawings:

La présente invention et ses avantages apparaîtront mieux dans la description
suivante de plusieurs modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • les figures 1A-C représentent schématiquement le principe de fonctionnement d'une pince de connexion selon l'invention,
  • les figures 2A et 2B sont des vues en perspective d'une pince de connexion respectivement en position ouverte et en position fermée sur une plage de connexion d'un fusible inséré dans une direction perpendiculaire à son chanfrein,
  • les figures 3A à 3F sont des vues en coupe d'une partie d'un appareil électrique équipé d'un boitier de fusible selon les figures 2A et 2B et d'une première variante de levier basculeur, respectivement dans différentes phases d'insertion et d'extraction,
  • les figures 4A et 4B sont des vues en perspective d'une pince de connexion respectivement en position ouverte et en position fermée sur une plage de connexion d'un fusible inséré dans une direction parallèle à son chanfrein,
  • les figures 5A à 5F sont des vues partielles en coupe d'une partie d'un appareil électrique équipé d'un boitier fusible selon les figures 4A et 4B et d'une deuxième variante de levier basculeur, respectivement dans différentes phases d'insertion et d'extraction,
  • les figures 6A et 6B sont des vues en coupe de la pince de connexion associée à une troisième variante de levier basculeur, respectivement en position ouverte et en position fermée, et
  • la figure 7 est un schéma de principe d'un boîtier de connexion équipé de pinces de connexion selon l'invention et embroché sur des barres d'alimentation.
The present invention and its advantages will become more apparent in the description
following several embodiments given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the Figures 1A-C schematically represent the operating principle of a connection clamp according to the invention,
  • the Figures 2A and 2B are perspective views of a connection clamp respectively in the open position and in the closed position on a connection pad of a fuse inserted in a direction perpendicular to its chamfer,
  • the Figures 3A to 3F are sectional views of part of an electrical appliance equipped with a fuse box according to the Figures 2A and 2B and a first variant of rocking lever, respectively in different phases of insertion and extraction,
  • the Figures 4A and 4B are perspective views of a connection clamp respectively in the open position and in the closed position on a connection pad of a fuse inserted in a direction parallel to its chamfer,
  • the Figures 5A to 5F are partial sectional views of part of an electrical appliance equipped with a fuse box according to the Figures 4A and 4B and a second variant of rocking lever, respectively in different phases of insertion and extraction,
  • the Figures 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views of the connection clamp associated with a third variant of a rocking lever, respectively in the open position and in the closed position, and
  • the figure 7 is a block diagram of a connection box equipped with connection clamps according to the invention and socketed on power bars.

Illustrations de l'invention:Illustrations of the invention:

En référence aux figures, la pince de connexion 10 selon l'invention est agencée pour recevoir une plage de connexion 20 d'un équipement électrique tel que par exemple un fusible 2, un shunt ou similaire, associé à tout type d'appareil ou d'appareillage électrique 1, ainsi qu'à tout type de dispositif porte-fusible, platine, un boîtier de connexion 5 ou similaire. La plage de connexion 20 d'un tel équipement électrique est généralement constituée d'une barre métallique 21, qui peut avoir une section sensiblement rectangulaire pourvue d'au moins un chanfrein d'engagement 22 sur un de ses bords longitudinaux et d'arêtes vives 23 sur ses bords transversaux. Ce type d'équipement électrique comporte habituellement deux plages de connexion 20 insérées dans deux pinces de connexion 10 en correspondance, selon une direction d'insertion perpendiculaire aux chanfreins d'engagement 22 (cf. fig. 2A, 2B) pour faciliter l'engagement des plages de connexion 20 à l'intérieur des pinces 10 . Dans d'autres applications, notamment dans celle illustrée à la figure 7, les plages de connexion 20 sont constituées par des barres d'alimentation électrique, généralement de section rectangulaire, sans chanfrein d'engagement. L'invention peut aussi s'appliquer à des prises électriques pourvues de plages de connexion de section circulaire ou autre, ainsi qu'à tout autre équipement électrique nécessitant l'insertion et le retrait de plages de connexion.With reference to the figures, the connection clip 10 according to the invention is arranged to receive a connection pad 20 of electrical equipment such as, for example, a fuse 2, a shunt or the like, associated with any type of apparatus or device. electrical equipment 1, as well as any type of fuse holder, platinum, a connection box 5 or the like. The connection range 20 of such electrical equipment is generally constituted by a metal bar 21, which may have a substantially rectangular section provided with at least one engagement chamfer 22 on one of its longitudinal edges and sharp edges 23 on its transverse edges. This type of electrical equipment usually comprises two connection pads 20 inserted into two connecting clamps 10 in correspondence, in an insertion direction perpendicular to the engagement chamfers 22 (cf. Fig. 2A, 2B ) to facilitate the engagement of the connection pads 20 within the clamps 10. In other applications, especially in that illustrated in the figure 7 , the beaches of connection 20 are constituted by power supply bars, generally of rectangular section, without engagement chamfer. The invention can also be applied to electrical outlets provided with connection pads of circular section or other, as well as any other electrical equipment requiring the insertion and removal of connection pads.

Chaque pince de connexion 10 comporte au moins deux branches 11 métalliques, électriquement conductrices, opposées et portées par des moyens de fixation 12. Ces moyens de fixation 12 peuvent être communs ou non aux deux branches 11 selon que la pince 10 est une pièce monobloc ou non, et sont adaptés à chaque application pour monter en série les pinces de connexion 10 dans un circuit électrique de tout type d'appareil 1, de porte-fusible, de boîtier de connexion 5, etc. Les deux branches 11 sont sollicitées l'une vers l'autre en position fermée par des moyens de rappel 13. Dans les exemples illustrés, les moyens de rappel 13 sont constitués par un circlips agencé pour exercer une pression suffisante sur les branches 11 et garantir un bon maintien de la plage de connexion 20 ainsi qu'un contact électrique de qualité. Bien entendu, tout autre organe ressort peut convenir.Each connection clamp 10 comprises at least two metal branches 11, electrically conductive, opposite and carried by fixing means 12. These fastening means 12 may or may not be common to the two branches 11 depending on whether the clamp 10 is a single piece or no, and are suitable for each application for mounting in series connection clamps 10 in an electrical circuit of any type of device 1, fuse holder, connection box 5, etc. The two branches 11 are urged toward each other in the closed position by return means 13. In the illustrated examples, the return means 13 are constituted by a circlip arranged to exert sufficient pressure on the branches 11 and guarantee a good maintenance of the connection pad 20 and a good electrical contact. Of course, any other spring member may be suitable.

La pince de connexion 10 de l'invention se distingue de l'état de l'art en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens écarteurs 30 dont le principe de fonctionnement est illustré par les figures 1A à 1C. Ils sont agencés pour coopérer avec les branches 11 et occuper au moins deux positions stables : une première position stable dite position active (cf. fig. 1A, 2A, 4A) dans laquelle les moyens écarteurs 30 s'opposent aux moyens de rappel 13 pour ouvrir la pince de connexion 10 et autoriser le déplacement sans frottement de la plage de connexion 20 par rapport à la pince, et une deuxième position stable dite position passive (cf. fig. 1C, 2B, 4B) dans laquelle les moyens écarteurs 30 autorisent le basculement de la pince de connexion 10 en position fermée sur la plage de connexion 20 pour garantir son maintien sous pression dans la pince et une bonne connexion électrique.The connection clamp 10 of the invention differs from the state of the art in that it comprises spacer means 30 whose operating principle is illustrated by the Figures 1A to 1C . They are arranged to cooperate with the branches 11 and occupy at least two stable positions: a first stable position called active position (cf. Fig. 1A , 2A, 4A ) in which the spacer means 30 oppose the return means 13 to open the connection clamp 10 and allow the frictionless movement of the connection pad 20 with respect to the clamp, and a second stable position called passive position (cf. . Fig. 1 C , 2B, 4B ) in which the spacer means 30 allow tilting of the connection clamp 10 in the closed position on the connection pad 20 to ensure that it is held under pressure in the clamp and a good electrical connection.

Dans les exemples illustrés, ces moyens écarteurs 30 sont constitués d'une lame élastique 31, mais pourraient comporter d'autres moyens tels que par exemple une genouillère formée de deux tringles articulées et sollicitées par un organe ressort. La suite du texte porte sur la lame élastique 31 pour simplifier la description au regard des figures mais l'homme du métier comprendra qu'elle n'a pas d'effets limitatifs et qu'elle peut s'appliquer à d'autres modes de réalisation équivalents.In the illustrated examples, these spacer means 30 consist of an elastic blade 31, but could include other means such as for example a toggle formed of two hinged rods and biased by a spring member. The rest of the text relates to the elastic blade 31 to simplify the description with reference to the figures, but the skilled person will understand that it has no limiting effects and that it can be applied to other modes of equivalent realization.

La lame élastique 31 est réalisée par exemple en acier ressort, dont l'épaisseur est négligeable par rapport aux deux autres dimensions. Elle est montée entre les deux branches 11 avec une précontrainte en flambage imposée par la faible flexibilité des branches de la pince. A cet effet, l'extrémité libre des branches 11 est prolongée par une patte 14 tournée vers l'extérieur et pourvue d'une encoche 15 et d'une fente 16 au fond de l'encoche. La lame élastique 31 est fixée aux branches 11 par ses extrémités qui sont emboîtées dans les fentes 16. La forme évasée des encoches 15 autorisent le débattement de la lame élastique 31 entre ses deux positions stables et les branches 11 forment une butée 17 pour la lame élastique 31 définissant la position ouverte de la pince 10. Le jeu d'ouverture de la pince est faible mais suffisant et est obtenu grâce à la flexibilité des branches 11. Comme visible à la figure 1A, en position active, la lame élastique 31 est précontrainte, en appui sur la butée 17 des branches 11 et s'étend sur une longueur L1 qui est supérieure à la longueur L2 de la même lame élastique 31 précontrainte, sans butée, en-position passive visible à la figure 1C. Cette différence de longueur permet d'ouvrir la pince de connexion 10 en écartant les branches 11 d'un écartement E1 suffisant pour autoriser l'insertion et l'extraction sans frottement d'une des plages de connexion 20 du fusible 2. En position passive, la pince de connexion 10 peut se fermer sous l'action de ses moyens de rappel 13 sur la plage de connexion 20 représentant un écartement E2 des branches 11. La position intermédiaire instable de la lame élastique 31 est représentée à la figure 1B et constitue un seuil au-delà duquel la lame élastique 31 bascule automatiquement de sa position active à sa position passive et inversement grâce à la contrainte exercée par les moyens de rappel 13 sur les branches 11.The elastic blade 31 is made for example of spring steel, whose thickness is negligible compared to the other two dimensions. It is mounted between the two branches 11 with a prestress in buckling imposed by the low flexibility of the branches of the clamp. For this purpose, the free end of the branches 11 is extended by a tab 14 facing outwardly and provided with a notch 15 and a slot 16 at the bottom of the notch. The elastic blade 31 is fixed to the branches 11 by its ends which are nested in the slots 16. The flared shape of the notches 15 allow the movement of the elastic blade 31 between its two stable positions and the branches 11 form a stop 17 for the blade elastic 31 defining the open position of the clamp 10. The opening clearance of the clamp is small but sufficient and is obtained thanks to the flexibility of the branches 11. As visible in the Figure 1A in the active position, the elastic blade 31 is prestressed, bearing on the abutment 17 of the branches 11 and extends over a length L1 which is greater than the length L2 of the same resilient leaf 31 prestressing, without stop, in-position passive visible to the figure 1C . This difference in length makes it possible to open the connection clamp 10 by moving apart the branches 11 by a gap E1 which is sufficient to allow insertion and extraction without friction of one of the connection pads 20 of the fuse 2. In a passive position , the connection clamp 10 can be closed under the action of its return means 13 on the connection pad 20 representing a spacing E2 of the branches 11. The unstable intermediate position of the elastic blade 31 is shown in FIG. Figure 1B and constitutes a threshold beyond which the elastic blade 31 automatically switches from its active position to its passive position and vice versa thanks to the stress exerted by the return means 13 on the branches 11.

Pour assurer au moins le retour de la lame élastique 31 de sa position passive à sa position active, la pince de connexion 10 est complétée par des moyens de commande 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, qui peuvent être intégrés au moins partiellement à la pince de connexion 10 comme dans l'exemple illustré par les figures 2A, 2B et 3A à 3F, ou extérieurs à la pince de connexion 10 comme dans les exemples illustrés par les figures 4A, 4B, 5A à 5F, 6A, 6B et 7.To ensure at least the return of the elastic blade 31 from its passive position to its active position, the connection clamp 10 is completed by control means 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, which can be integrated at least partially in the clamp 10 as in the example illustrated by the Figures 2A, 2B and 3A at 3F, or external to the connection clamp 10 as in the examples illustrated by the Figures 4A, 4B , 5A to 5F , 6A, 6B and 7 .

Dans les figures 2A, 2B et 3A à 3F, les moyens de commande 40 comportent un levier basculeur 41 monté pivotant autour d'un axe 42 entre les deux branches 11 de la pince de connexion 10. Ce levier basculeur 41 a une forme droite et est pourvu d'une tête 43 disposée en regard de la lame élastique 31 et d'un pied 44 agencé pour coopérer avec une came 26 prévue sur un boîtier 25 portant le fusible 2. Le fonctionnement de ce levier basculeur 41 est illustré par les figures 3A à 3F et adapté à un boîtier de fusible 25 inséré selon une direction perpendiculaire aux chanfreins 22 du fusible 2, qui correspond à une direction parallèle à la pince de connexion 10 prévue dans un appareil électrique 1. Pour simplifier les dessins, seule une partie de l'appareil dans laquelle est montée une pince de connexion 10 est représentée, et seule une des plages de connexion 20 du fusible 2 est représentée.In the Figures 2A, 2B and 3A to 3F , the control means 40 comprise a rocker lever 41 pivotally mounted about an axis 42 between the two branches 11 of the connection clamp 10. This rocker lever 41 has a straight shape and is provided with a head 43 disposed facing the resilient blade 31 and a foot 44 arranged to cooperate with a cam 26 provided on a housing 25 carrying the fuse 2. The operation of this rocker lever 41 is illustrated by the Figures 3A to 3F and adapted to a fuse box 25 inserted in a direction perpendicular to the chamfers 22 of the fuse 2, which corresponds to a direction parallel to the connection clamp 10 provided in an electrical apparatus 1. To simplify the drawings, only a part of the Apparatus in which a connection clamp 10 is mounted is shown, and only one of the connection pads 20 of the fuse 2 is shown.

La figure 3A correspond à une position sectionnée de l'appareil électrique 1, le boîtier du fusible 25 amorce son mouvement de descente parallèlement à la pince, et la pince de connexion 10 est en position ouverte. A la figure 3B, le boîtier du fusible 25 poursuit sa descente, la plage de connexion 20 du fusible 2 arrive au niveau des branches 11, la came 26 du boîtier appuie sur le pied 44 du levier basculeur 41 pour amener sa tête 43 en appui sur la lame élastique 31 et maintenir la pince 10 en position ouverte. A la figure 3C, le boîtier du fusible 25 poursuit sa descente, la came 26 a libéré le levier basculeur 41, autorisant le déplacement de la lame élastique 31 de sa position active à sa position intermédiaire instable par poussée de la plage de connexion 20 du fusible 2, la pince est encore en position ouverte. A la figure 3D, le boîtier du fusible 25 arrive en fin de course, donc en position connectée, la plage de connexion 20 du fusible pousse la lame élastique 31 au-delà de sa position intermédiaire instable la faisant basculer automatiquement en position passive, autorisant la fermeture de la pince sur la plage de connexion 20 du fusible sous la pression de ses moyens de rappel 13. L'appareil électrique 1 peut être enclenché. Pour replacer l'appareil 1 dans la position sectionnée de la figure 3A, la figure 3E illustre le déplacement inverse vers le haut du boîtier du fusible 26 dans lequel dès que le fusible 2 amorce son extraction de la pince, la came 26 du boîtier agit sur le levier basculeur 41 pour pousser la lame élastique 31 de sa position passive à sa position intermédiaire, provoquer l'ouverture de la pince 10 pour libérer le fusible 2, et déplacer la lame élastique 31 au-delà de sa position intermédiaire pour la faire basculer automatiquement en position active. A la figure 3F, la plage de connexion 20 du fusible quitte les branches 11, la came 26 libère le levier basculeur 41 et la pince 10 reste en position ouverte.The figure 3A corresponds to a sectioned position of the electrical apparatus 1, the fuse box 25 initiates its downward movement parallel to the clamp, and the connection clamp 10 is in the open position. To the figure 3B , the housing of the fuse 25 continues its descent, the connection area 20 of the fuse 2 arrives at the branches 11, the cam 26 of the housing rests on the foot 44 of the rocker lever 41 to bring its head 43 resting on the elastic blade 31 and hold the clamp 10 in the open position. To the figure 3C , the fuse box 25 continues its descent, the cam 26 has released the rocker lever 41, allowing the displacement of the elastic blade 31 from its active position to its unstable intermediate position by pushing the connection range 20 of the fuse 2, the clamp is still in open position. To the 3D figure , the fuse box 25 reaches the end of the race, so in the connected position, the connection range 20 of the fuse pushes the elastic blade 31 beyond its unstable intermediate position by automatically switching it to the passive position, allowing the closing of the clamp on the connection range 20 of the fuse under the pressure of its return means 13. The electrical device 1 can be switched on. To replace the device 1 in the sectioned position of the figure 3A , the figure 3E illustrates the upward movement of the fuse housing 26 in which as soon as the fuse 2 begins its extraction of the clamp, the cam 26 of the housing acts on the rocker lever 41 to push the elastic blade 31 from its passive position to its position intermediate, cause the opening of the clamp 10 to release the fuse 2, and move the elastic blade 31 beyond its intermediate position to switch automatically to the active position. To the figure 3F , the connection range 20 of the fuse leaves the branches 11, the cam 26 releases the rocker lever 41 and the clamp 10 remains in the open position.

Dans les figures 4A, 4B et 5A à 5F, les moyens de commande 40a comportent un levier basculeur 41a monté pivotant autour d'un axe 42a dans le boîtier d'un appareil électrique 1, d'un porte-fusible ou similaire. Ce levier basculeur 41a a une forme coudée et est pourvu d'une tête 43a disposée en regard de la lame élastique 31 et d'un pied 44a agencé pour coopérer avec une came 26a prévue sur un boîtier 25a portant le fusible 2. Le fonctionnement de ce levier basculeur 41a est sensiblement similaire au précédent mais adapté à un boîtier de fusible 25a inséré selon une direction parallèle aux chanfreins 22 du fusible 2 qui correspond à une direction perpendiculaire à la pince de connexion 10, illustré par les figures 5A à 5F, également simplifiées.In the Figures 4A, 4B and 5A to 5F , the control means 40a comprise a rocker lever 41a pivotally mounted about an axis 42a in the housing of an electrical apparatus 1, a fuse holder or the like. This rocker lever 41a has a bent shape and is provided with a head 43a arranged facing the elastic blade 31 and a foot 44a arranged to cooperate with a cam 26a provided on a housing 25a carrying the fuse 2. The operation of this rocker lever 41a is substantially similar to the previous one but adapted to a fuse box 25a inserted in a direction parallel to the chamfers 22 of the fuse 2 which corresponds to a direction perpendicular to the connection clamp 10, illustrated by the Figures 5A to 5F , also simplified.

La figure 5A correspond à une position sectionnée de l'appareil électrique 1, le boîtier du fusible 25a amorce son mouvement de translation perpendiculairement à la pince, et la pince de connexion 10 est en position ouverte. A la figure 5B, le boîtier du fusible 25a poursuit sa translation, la plage de connexion 20 du fusible arrive au niveau des branches 11. la came 26a du boîtier n'a pas d'effet sur le levier basculeur 41a et la pince 10 est toujours en position ouverte. A la figure 5C, le boîtier du fusible 25a poursuit sa translation, la came 26a n'a pas d'effet sur le levier basculeur 41a, qui autorise le déplacement de la lame élastique 31 de sa position active à sa position intermédiaire instable par poussée de la plage de connexion 20 du fusible 2, la pince 10 est encore en position ouverte. A la figure 5D, le boîtier du fusible 25a arrive en fin de course, donc en position connectée, la plage de connexion 20 du fusible pousse la lame élastique 31 au-delà de sa position intermédiaire instable, la faisant basculer automatiquement en position passive, autorisant la fermeture de la pince 10 sur la plage de connexion 20 du fusible sous la pression de ses moyens de rappel 13. L'appareil électrique 1 peut être enclenché. Pour replacer l'appareil 1 dans la position sectionnée de la figure 5A, la figure 5E illustre le déplacement en translation inverse du boîtier du fusible 25a dans lequel dès que le fusible 2 amorce son extraction de la pince, la came 26a agit sur le levier basculeur 41a pour pousser la lame élastique 31 de sa position passive à sa position intermédiaire, et provoquer l'ouverture de la pince 10 pour libérer le fusible 2. A la figure 5F, le levier basculeur 41a déplace la lame élastique 31 au-delà de sa position intermédiaire pour la faire basculer automatiquement en position active, la plage de connexion 20 du fusible quitte les branches 11, et la pince 10 reste en position ouverte.The Figure 5A corresponds to a sectioned position of the electrical apparatus 1, the fuse box 25a initiates its translation movement perpendicularly to the clamp, and the connection clamp 10 is in the open position. To the Figure 5B , the fuse box 25a continues its translation, the connection range 20 of the fuse arrives at 11. The cam 26a of the housing has no effect on the rocker lever 41a and the clamp 10 is always in the open position. To the Figure 5C , the fuse box 25a continues its translation, the cam 26a has no effect on the rocker lever 41a, which allows the displacement of the elastic blade 31 from its active position to its unstable intermediate position by pushing the range of connection 20 of the fuse 2, the clamp 10 is still in the open position. To the figure 5D , the fuse box 25a reaches the end of the race, so in the connected position, the connection range 20 of the fuse pushes the elastic blade 31 beyond its unstable intermediate position, automatically switching it to the passive position, allowing the closing of the clamp 10 on the connection pad 20 of the fuse under the pressure of its return means 13. The electrical apparatus 1 can be switched on. To replace the device 1 in the sectioned position of the Figure 5A , the figure 5E illustrates the displacement in inverse translation of the fuse box 25a in which as soon as the fuse 2 begins its extraction from the clamp, the cam 26a acts on the rocker lever 41a to push the elastic blade 31 from its passive position to its intermediate position, and cause opening of the clamp 10 to release the fuse 2. At the figure 5F , the tilting lever 41a moves the elastic blade 31 beyond its intermediate position to automatically switch it to the active position, the connection range 20 of the fuse leaves the branches 11, and the clamp 10 remains in the open position.

Les figures 6A et 6B illustrent une autre variante des moyens de commande 40b sous la forme d'un levier basculeur 41 b adapté à une lame élastique 31 disposée en dehors de la trajectoire de la plage de connexion 20 du fusible 2. Il a une forme coudée et est monté pivotant autour d'un axe 42b dans le boîtier d'un appareil électrique, d'un porte-fusible, d'un boîtier de connexion ou similaire. Il est pourvu d'un pied 44b agencé pour coopérer avec une came prévue sur un boîtier portant le fusible 2. Ce levier basculeur 41b comporte une fourchette 43b à deux doigts chevauchant la lame élastique 31 pour pouvoir la déplacer dans les deux directions en fonction de la position d'insertion et d'extraction du fusible 2 dans l'appareil 1.The Figures 6A and 6B illustrate another variant of the control means 40b in the form of a rocker lever 41b adapted to an elastic blade 31 disposed outside the path of the connection pad 20 of the fuse 2. It has a bent shape and is pivotally mounted around an axis 42b in the housing of an electrical appliance, a fuse holder, a connection box or the like. It is provided with a foot 44b arranged to cooperate with a cam provided on a housing carrying the fuse 2. This tilting lever 41b has a fork 43b with two fingers overlapping the elastic blade 31 to be able to move in both directions depending on the position of insertion and extraction of the fuse 2 in the apparatus 1.

La figure 7 illustre schématiquement un autre exemple d'application de la pince de connexion 10 selon l'invention à un boîtier de connexion 5 embrochable sur un jeu de barres d'alimentation électrique 200, ces barres étant assimilées aux plages de connexion 20 des exemples précédents. Ce boîtier de connexion 5, appelé communément « plug-in », remplace les bornes de raccordement d'un appareil électrique 1, tel qu'un interrupteur, un interrupteur fusible, ou similaire. Il permet le raccordement de l'appareil 1 au réseau électrique situé en amont, sans outillage, ni intervention humaine, directement sur le jeu de barres d'alimentation 200 sous tension, à l'arrière d'une platine 51 protégeant l'opérateur. Ainsi, la connexion et la déconnexion du boîtier au réseau peuvent se faire sous tension, que la charge soit raccordée ou non en aval de l'appareil. Le boîtier de connexion 5 comporte autant de pinces de connexion 10 que de pôles, et dans l'exemple trois. Ces pinces améliorent considérablement la connexion d'un tel boîtier 5 en supprimant les efforts de frottement des pinces traditionnelles. A cet effet, chaque pince de connexion 10 comporte des moyens d'écartement 30 sous la forme d'une lame élastique 31 représentée dans ses deux positions : la lame en position passive est en trait fort et correspond aux pinces fermées sur les barres d'alimentation, et la lame en position active est en trait interrompu et correspond aux pinces ouvertes (non représentées). Dans cet exemple, le boîtier de connexion 5 comporte des moyens de commande 40c qui sont communs aux moyens écarteurs 30 et actionnés par une poignée de basculement 52 accessible par un opérateur pour pouvoir ouvrir les pinces 10 avant de déconnecter le boîtier 5.The figure 7 schematically illustrates another example of application of the connection clamp 10 according to the invention to a pluggable connection box 5 on a power supply busbar 200, these bars being similar to the connection pads 20 of the previous examples. This junction box 5, commonly called "plug-in", replaces the connection terminals of an electrical appliance 1, such as a switch, a fuse switch, or the like. It allows the connection of the device 1 to the upstream electrical network, without tools or human intervention, directly on the power busbar 200 under tension, on the back of a plate 51 protecting the operator. Thus, the connection and disconnection of the box to the network can be powered, whether the load is connected or not downstream of the device. The connection box 5 has as many connection clamps 10 as poles, and in example three. These clamps considerably improve the connection of such a housing 5 by eliminating the frictional forces of traditional clamps. For this purpose, each connection clamp 10 comprises spacer means 30 in the form of an elastic blade 31 shown in its two positions: the blade in passive position is in strong line and corresponds to the closed clamps on the bars of feeding, and the blade in the active position is in broken line and corresponds to the open clamps (not shown). In this example, the connection box 5 comprises control means 40c which are common to the spacer means 30 and actuated by a tilt handle 52 accessible by an operator to be able to open the clamps 10 before disconnecting the box 5.

D'autres fonctionnalités peuvent compléter ce boîtier de connexion 5. Notamment, il est possible de prévoir des moyens d'auto-verrouillage 53 couplés à la poignée de basculement 52 pour empêcher le retrait de l'appareil 1 tant que les pinces 10 sont fermées. Lorsqu'au moment de la connexion électrique, les lames élastiques 31 basculent de leur position active à leur position passive par poussée sur les barres d'alimentation 200, elles provoquent le déplacement de la poignée de basculement 52 qui va déployer automatiquement les moyens de verrouillage 53 et bloquer l'appareil 1 à l'arrière de la platine 51. Pour retirer l'appareil 1, la poignée de basculement 52 doit être actionnée pour ouvrir les pinces 10 et simultanément rétracter les moyens de verrouillage 53 à l'intérieur du boîtier 5 et autoriser le retrait de l'appareil 1 de la platine 51.Other functionalities can complete this connection box 5. In particular, it is possible to provide self-locking means 53 coupled to the tilting handle 52 to prevent the removal of the device 1 as long as the clamps 10 are closed. . When at the moment of the electrical connection, the elastic blades 31 switch from their active position to their passive position by pushing on the supply bars 200, they cause the displacement of the tilting handle 52 which will automatically deploy the locking means 53 and block the device 1 to the rear of the plate 51. To remove the device 1, the tilt handle 52 must be actuated to open the clamps 10 and simultaneously retract the locking means 53 inside the housing 5 and allow the withdrawal of the apparatus 1 of the plate 51.

Il est également possible d'ajouter des moyens d'inter-verrouillage 54 entre le boîtier de connexion 5 et le mécanisme de commande 55 du l'appareil électrique 1. Cette fonction d'inter-verrouillage peut être réalisée par un doigt qui verrouille la poignée de basculement 52 tant que l'appareil électrique 1 est en position enclenchée.It is also possible to add interlocking means 54 between the connection box 5 and the control mechanism 55 of the electrical apparatus 1. This interlocking function can be performed by a finger that locks the door. tilt handle 52 as the electrical apparatus 1 is in the engaged position.

Possibilités d'application industrielle :Possibilities of industrial application:

Il ressort clairement de cette description que les moyens écarteurs 30 de l'invention s'appliquent à tout type de pince de connexion, dans tout type d'appareil électrique, dispositif, support, boîtier ou similaire, pour recevoir de manière amovible tout type de plages de connexion pouvant appartenir à un fusible, un shunt ou similaire. De même, ils peuvent être utilisés dans des dispositifs, boîtiers ou similaires embrochables par exemple sur un jeu de barres d'alimentation électrique. Les exemples d'applications donnés ne sont bien entendu pas limitatifs.It is clear from this description that the spreader means 30 of the invention are applicable to any type of connection clamp, in any type of electrical device, device, support, housing or the like, to removably receive any type of connecting pads that can belong to a fuse, a shunt or the like. Similarly, they can be used in devices, boxes or similar plug-in for example on a power busbar. The examples of given applications are of course not limiting.

De plus, il ressort clairement que l'invention permet d'atteindre les buts fixés, à savoir qu'elle permet une insertion et une extraction d'une plage de connexion par rapport à une pince de connexion sans frottement, donc nécessitant un effort de manoeuvre minimum, et ne générant aucune usure prématurée de la pince. Elle permet également une insertion d'une plage de connexion dans la pince dans les deux directions parallèle et perpendiculaire par rapport à la pince, autorisant la création de nouvelles architectures d'appareils électriques. Son mode de réalisation est simple et économique grâce au nombre réduit de pièces additionnelles. Elle autorise une optimisation possible de la surface de contact des branches de la pince par des reliefs tels que des stries ou similaire, ce qui est impossible dans les pinces de connexion à glissement de l'état de l'art. Son fonctionnement reste identique à une pince de connexion conventionnelle en position fermée, puisque les moyens écarteurs sont insensibles aux contraintes thermiques qu'ils peuvent subir dans cette position.In addition, it is clear that the invention achieves the goals set, namely that it allows insertion and extraction of a connection pad with respect to a connection clamp without friction, so requiring an effort of minimum maneuver, and does not generate any premature wear of the clamp. It also allows insertion of a connection pad in the clamp in both directions parallel and perpendicular to the clamp, allowing the creation of new architectures of electrical devices. Its embodiment is simple and economical thanks to the reduced number of additional pieces. It allows a possible optimization of the contact surface of the branches of the clamp by reliefs such as streaks or the like, which is impossible in the connection clamps to slip of the state of the art. Its operation remains identical to a conventional connection clamp in the closed position, since the spacer means are insensitive to the thermal stresses that they can undergo in this position.

La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation décrits mais s'étend à toute modification et variante évidentes pour un homme du métier tout en restant dans l'étendue de la protection définie dans les revendications annexées.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described but extends to any modification and variation obvious to a person skilled in the art while remaining within the scope of protection defined in the appended claims.

Claims (15)

  1. Electrical connection clamp (10) for a connection area (20) of an electrical equipment such as a fuse (2), a power bar (200) or similar, this clamp including at least two conductive legs (11) located opposite to each other and pushed against each other by return means (13) arranged to keep said connection area (20) under pressure when it is inserted between the two legs of said clamp, said connection clamp including spreading means (30) arranged to cooperate with said legs (11) and occupy at least two stable positions: a first stable position called active position, in which the spreading means (30) oppose said return means (13) in order to open said connection clamp (10) and allow the friction-free displacement of the connection area (20) with respect to the clamp, an a second stable position called passive position, in which the spreading means (30) allow the switching over of said connection clamp (10) to the closed position, characterized in that said spreading means (30) extend between the two legs (11), which define at least one stop (17) whereon said spreading means (30) rest in the active position, so that their length (L1) in active position is greater than their length (L2) in passive position.
  2. Connection clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that said spreading means (30) are arranged to pass through an unstable intermediate position between the two stable positions, this intermediate position forming a threshold beyond which they switch automatically from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position.
  3. Connection clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that said spreading means (30) include at least two rods connected together by a joint and tensioned by a spring element to form a knuckle joint.
  4. Connection clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that said spreading means (30) include at least one elastic blade (31) mounted between the two legs (11) with a buckling prestress.
  5. Connection clamp according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that said spreading means (30) are arranged behind the legs (11) on the insertion path of said connection area (20), so that the switching over from their active position to their passive position is caused by the insertion of the connection area (20).
  6. Connection clamp according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that it includes actuating means (40, 40a, 40b, 40c) arranged to move said spreading means (30) in at least one direction and to make them switch over from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position.
  7. Connection clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that said actuating means (40b) are arranged to move said spreading means (30) in the two opposite directions and to make them switch over from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position and vice-versa.
  8. Connection clamp according to any of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that said actuating means (40) include at least one switching lever (41) integrated in said clamp.
  9. Connection clamp according to any of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that said actuating means (40a, 40b, 40c) include at least one switching lever (41 a, 41 b) external to said clamp.
  10. Connection clamp according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that said legs (11) include a structured electrical contact area.
  11. Electrical apparatus (1) including at least one connection clamp (10) arranged to receive a connection area (20) of an electrical equipment such as a fuse (2), a power bar (200) or similar, said connection clamp including at least two conductive legs (11) located opposite to each other and pushed against each other by return means (13) arranged to keep said connection area (20) under pressure when it is inserted between the two legs of said clamp and spreading means (30) arranged to cooperate with said legs (11) and occupy at least two stable positions: a first stable position called active position, in which the spreading means (30) oppose said return means (13) in order to open said connection clamp (10) and allow the friction-free displacement of the connection area (20) with respect to the clamp, an a second stable position called passive position, in which the spreading means (30) allow the switching over of said connection clamp (10) in closed position, characterized in that the spreading means (30) extend between the two legs (11) of said connection clamp (10), which define at least one stop (17) whereon said spreading means (30) rest in the active position, so that their length (L1) in active position is greater than their length (L2) in passive position.
  12. Electrical apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that said connection clamp (10) includes actuating means (40, 40a, 40b, 40c) arranged to move the spreading means (30) coupled to the legs (11) of said clamp in at least one direction and to make them switch over from one of the two stable positions to the other stable position.
  13. Electrical apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that said actuating means (40) include at least one switching lever (41) mounted on said connection clamp (10) around a rotational axis (42) and at least one cam (26) integral with said electrical equipment, arranged to move said switching lever in at least one direction during the insertion and/or the removal of said equipment from the apparatus.
  14. Electrical apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that said actuating means (40a, 40b) include at least one switching lever (41 a, 41b) mounted on said apparatus (1) around a rotational axis (42a, 42b) and at least one cam (26a) integral with said electrical equipment, arranged to move said switching lever in at least one direction during the insertion and/or the removal of said equipment from the apparatus.
  15. Electrical apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that said actuating means (40c) include at least one lever mounted on said apparatus (1) and coupled to a switching handle (52) arranged to move said switching lever in at least one direction during the insertion and/or the removal of said equipment from the apparatus.
EP12360047.0A 2011-06-20 2012-06-14 Electrical clamp connection for electrical equipment contact and electric apparatus equipped with such clamp connection Active EP2538495B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12360047T PL2538495T3 (en) 2011-06-20 2012-06-14 Electrical clamp connection for electrical equipment contact and electric apparatus equipped with such clamp connection

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1155372A FR2976740B1 (en) 2011-06-20 2011-06-20 ELECTRICAL CONNECTION CLAMP FOR A CONNECTION RANGE OF AN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND AN ELECTRIC APPARATUS EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A CONNECTION CLAMP

Publications (2)

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EP2538495A1 EP2538495A1 (en) 2012-12-26
EP2538495B1 true EP2538495B1 (en) 2014-04-23

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EP (1) EP2538495B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2976740B1 (en)
PL (1) PL2538495T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018107886B4 (en) 2018-04-04 2021-10-07 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Connector system with a bistable element

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006053791B4 (en) * 2006-11-15 2012-05-10 Küster Automotive Door Systems GmbH Relay housing with integrated electrical contact element

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825037A (en) * 1955-02-04 1958-02-25 Harry H French Printed-circuit card clamp
US3368186A (en) * 1963-06-24 1968-02-06 Gerard Benoit Electrical connector
FR2890781B1 (en) 2005-09-15 2007-11-30 Socomec Sa Sa ELECTRICAL FUSE CUTTING APPARATUS
FR2899728B1 (en) * 2006-04-07 2008-06-13 Legrand France ELECTRICAL POWER SOCKET WITH CONTROLLED INSERTION AND EXTRACTION STRENGTHS

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018107886B4 (en) 2018-04-04 2021-10-07 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Connector system with a bistable element

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FR2976740B1 (en) 2014-01-03
PL2538495T3 (en) 2014-09-30
EP2538495A1 (en) 2012-12-26
FR2976740A1 (en) 2012-12-21

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