EP2537605A1 - Method for transverse rolling of ball products, in particular out of scrap railway rail heads - Google Patents

Method for transverse rolling of ball products, in particular out of scrap railway rail heads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2537605A1
EP2537605A1 EP12461525A EP12461525A EP2537605A1 EP 2537605 A1 EP2537605 A1 EP 2537605A1 EP 12461525 A EP12461525 A EP 12461525A EP 12461525 A EP12461525 A EP 12461525A EP 2537605 A1 EP2537605 A1 EP 2537605A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wedges
balls
flat tools
cut
billet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12461525A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2537605B1 (en
Inventor
Zbigniew Pater
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Politechnika Lubelska
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Politechnika Lubelska
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Publication date
Application filed by Politechnika Lubelska filed Critical Politechnika Lubelska
Publication of EP2537605A1 publication Critical patent/EP2537605A1/en
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Publication of EP2537605B1 publication Critical patent/EP2537605B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/14—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution balls, rollers, cone rollers, or like bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails.
  • Balls are rolled in helical rolling mills equipped with two rolls, each roll having single grooves cut over the screw line, their length being generally equal to 3.5 of the coil.
  • the axes of the rolls are inclined relative to the axis of the billet (rod), usually at the angle ranging from 3° to 7°. In the course of rolling, the rolls turn in the same direction, while the billet turns in the opposite direction. In order to obtain good rolling results, the billet diameter should approximately equal 0.97 of the diameter of finished balls.
  • the diameter of the rolls is from 5 to 6 times bigger than the diameter of balls.
  • the effect of the forming wedge is that balls connected by cylindrical connectors, whose diameter is approximately half of the ball diameter, are produced.
  • a cutting pad needs to be used, the effect of which is that the connectors are transformed into the missing parts of the balls.
  • a characteristic of this is that during the cutting process, the balls are drawn aside by the grooves, which are located in this part of the tool at the angle towards the rolling direction, or the direction in which the wedge tool moves.
  • the essence of the method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails, is that a billet in the form of a head cut off a scrap railway rail is placed between two flat tools with initial wedges, behind which there are wedges with longitudinal grooves of a semi-circular profile, next the flat tools begin to move in the opposite directions with the same velocity, and during this time the moving initial wedges cut into the billet and make it rotate, thereby forming a semi-finished product in the form of a rod whose diameter is bigger than or equal to the ball diameter, and then the wedges with the grooves cut into the said semi-finished product, thereby forming balls which are in the final stage of the rolling process separated from one another by cutters located at the end of the flat tools.
  • the process is done in a configuration wherein only one of the flat tools moves in a sliding motion, while the other does not move.
  • the advantage of the invention is that it makes possible to simultaneously form many balls, the quantity of which depends on the tool width. Thanks to the application of this invention, it is possible to form balls using cheap material obtained from scrap railway rails.
  • the invention is environment-friendly as its application will decrease the amount of scrap for metallurgical processing that reaches steel mills.
  • Fig. 1 shows the beginning of the cross rolling process as well as the type of the billet used
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the moment of the rolling process when the semi-finished product in the form of a rod is produced by the initial wedges
  • Fig. 3 shows the end of the rolling process and the produced balls.
  • the method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails consists in that the billet 1 in the form of a head cut off a scrap railway rail is placed between two flat tools 2 and 3 which have the initial wedges 4 and 5, behind which there are the wedges 6 and 7 with the longitudinal grooves 8 and 9 of a semicircular profile, next the flat tools 2 and 3 begin to move in the opposite directions with the same velocity V, and during this time the moving initial wedges 4 and 5 cut into the billet 1 and make it rotate, thereby forming the semi-finished product 10 in the form of a rod whose diameter D1 is bigger than or equal to the diameter D of the ball 11, and then the wedges 6 and 7 with the grooves 8 and 9 cut into the said semi-finished product, thereby forming the balls 11, which are in the final stage of the rolling process separated from one another by the cutters 12 and 13 located at the end of the flat tools 2 and 3.
  • the process is done in a configuration wherein only one of the flat tools 2 or 3 moves in a sliding

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

A method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails, whereby billet (1) in the form of a head cut off a scrap railway rail is placed between two flat tools (2) and (3) which have initial wedges (4) and (5), behind which there are wedges (6) and (7) which have longitudinal grooves (8) and (9) of a semicircular profile, next the flat tools (2) and (3) begin to move in the opposite directions with the same velocity (V), and during this time the moving initial wedges (4) and (5) cut into the billet (1) and make it rotate, thereby forming a semi-finished product (10) which has the form of a rod whose diameter (D1) is bigger than or equal to the diameter (D2) of a ball (11), next the wedges (6) and (7) with the grooves (8) and (9) cut into the semi-finished product (10) and form the balls (11), which are in the final stage of the rolling process separated from one another by cutters (12) and (13) located at the end of the flat tools (2) and (3). The process is done in a configuration wherein only one of the flat tools (2) or (3) moves in a sliding motion with the velocity (V), while the other tool (2) or (3) does not move.

Description

  • The present invention relates to a method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails.
  • There are numerous methods for producing balls which are then used in ball mills or rolling bearings. The most commonly employed methods include casting, die forging, and rolling. In casting, balls are cast from cast steel into permanent moulds made of metal, or so-called metal moulds. Die forging of balls is usually performed using friction presses with billets in the form of rods made from steel which contains increased amounts of carbon and manganese. Immediately after the process of die forging using eccentric presses, flash trimming is performed. The process of producing balls is most efficient if cross rolling is employed. During one roll turn, one ball is produced. Within one minute it is possible to produce even up to 160 balls of approximately 30 mm in diameter or 40 balls of approximately 120 mm in diameter. Balls are rolled in helical rolling mills equipped with two rolls, each roll having single grooves cut over the screw line, their length being generally equal to 3.5 of the coil. The axes of the rolls are inclined relative to the axis of the billet (rod), usually at the angle ranging from 3° to 7°. In the course of rolling, the rolls turn in the same direction, while the billet turns in the opposite direction. In order to obtain good rolling results, the billet diameter should approximately equal 0.97 of the diameter of finished balls. The diameter of the rolls is from 5 to 6 times bigger than the diameter of balls. Information on helical rolling of balls is presented in the following book: W. Dobrucki, Zarys obróbki plastycznej metali, Wydawnictwo "Slask," Katowice 1975.
  • There is another method for cross-wedge rolling of four balls, described in: Z. Pater, Walcowanie poprzeczno-klinowe, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej, Lublin 2009. This method consists in using two flat tools which move in the opposite directions, thereby forming balls from the billet in the form of a rod whose diameter is equal to the ball diameter. The tools used in rolling consist of two parts: a forming wedge and a cutting pad. The forming wedge, which is of a typical shape, has longitudinal wedge grooves of a transverse circular profile, and the distance between the grooves is smaller than the diameter of the ball being formed. The effect of the forming wedge is that balls connected by cylindrical connectors, whose diameter is approximately half of the ball diameter, are produced. To separate the formed balls a cutting pad needs to be used, the effect of which is that the connectors are transformed into the missing parts of the balls. A characteristic of this is that during the cutting process, the balls are drawn aside by the grooves, which are located in this part of the tool at the angle towards the rolling direction, or the direction in which the wedge tool moves.
  • The essence of the method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails, is that a billet in the form of a head cut off a scrap railway rail is placed between two flat tools with initial wedges, behind which there are wedges with longitudinal grooves of a semi-circular profile, next the flat tools begin to move in the opposite directions with the same velocity, and during this time the moving initial wedges cut into the billet and make it rotate, thereby forming a semi-finished product in the form of a rod whose diameter is bigger than or equal to the ball diameter, and then the wedges with the grooves cut into the said semi-finished product, thereby forming balls which are in the final stage of the rolling process separated from one another by cutters located at the end of the flat tools. The process is done in a configuration wherein only one of the flat tools moves in a sliding motion, while the other does not move.
  • The advantage of the invention is that it makes possible to simultaneously form many balls, the quantity of which depends on the tool width. Thanks to the application of this invention, it is possible to form balls using cheap material obtained from scrap railway rails. The invention is environment-friendly as its application will decrease the amount of scrap for metallurgical processing that reaches steel mills.
  • An exemplary embodiment of this invention is shown in the attached drawings, wherein Fig. 1. shows the beginning of the cross rolling process as well as the type of the billet used, Fig. 2 illustrates the moment of the rolling process when the semi-finished product in the form of a rod is produced by the initial wedges, and Fig. 3 shows the end of the rolling process and the produced balls.
  • The method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails, consists in that the billet 1 in the form of a head cut off a scrap railway rail is placed between two flat tools 2 and 3 which have the initial wedges 4 and 5, behind which there are the wedges 6 and 7 with the longitudinal grooves 8 and 9 of a semicircular profile, next the flat tools 2 and 3 begin to move in the opposite directions with the same velocity V, and during this time the moving initial wedges 4 and 5 cut into the billet 1 and make it rotate, thereby forming the semi-finished product 10 in the form of a rod whose diameter D1 is bigger than or equal to the diameter D of the ball 11, and then the wedges 6 and 7 with the grooves 8 and 9 cut into the said semi-finished product, thereby forming the balls 11, which are in the final stage of the rolling process separated from one another by the cutters 12 and 13 located at the end of the flat tools 2 and 3. The process is done in a configuration wherein only one of the flat tools 2 or 3 moves in a sliding motion with the velocity V, while the other tool 2 or 3 does not move.

Claims (2)

  1. A method for cross rolling of products such as balls, in particular the ones obtained from heads of scrap railway rails, whereby a billet (1) in the form of a head cut off a scrap railway rail is placed between two flat tools (2) and (3) which have the initial wedges (4) and (5), behind which there are wedges (6) and (7) with longitudinal grooves (8) and (9) of a semicircular profile, next the flat tools (2) and (3) begin to move in the opposite directions with the same velocity (V), and during this time the moving initial wedges (4) and (5) cut into the billet (1) and make it rotate, thereby forming a semi-finished product (10) which has the form of a rod whose diameter (D1) is bigger than or equal to the diameter (D2) of a ball (11), next the wedges (6) and (7) with the grooves (8) and (9) cut into the semi-finished product (10) and form the balls (11), which are in the final stage of the rolling process separated from one another by cutters (12) and (13) located at the end of the flat tools (2) and (3).
  2. A method according to claim 1, whereby the process is done in a configuration wherein only one of the flat tools (2) or (3) moves in a sliding motion with the velocity (V), while the other tool (2) or (3) does not move.
EP20120461525 2011-06-20 2012-06-19 Method for cross rolling of products in the shape of balls, in particular out of scrap railway rail heads Not-in-force EP2537605B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL395349A PL215439B1 (en) 2011-06-20 2011-06-20 Method of transverse rolling of ball-type goods, especially the heads of scrapped rails

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2537605A1 true EP2537605A1 (en) 2012-12-26
EP2537605B1 EP2537605B1 (en) 2014-08-13

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EP20120461525 Not-in-force EP2537605B1 (en) 2011-06-20 2012-06-19 Method for cross rolling of products in the shape of balls, in particular out of scrap railway rail heads

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EP (1) EP2537605B1 (en)
PL (1) PL215439B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111438190A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-07-24 中国科学院金属研究所 Plate type wedge cross rolling mill

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL242088B1 (en) * 2017-12-14 2023-01-16 Politechnika Lubelska Method for forming necks of long shafts in the single arrangement
PL237734B1 (en) * 2017-12-14 2021-05-17 Lubelska Polt Method for forming necks of long shafts in the double arrangement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE541623C (en) * 1928-07-14 1932-01-15 Hoesch Koeln Neuessen Akt Ges Rolling device for the production of balls from rods by means of rolling surfaces
US3206828A (en) * 1963-02-16 1965-09-21 Taiyu Shoji Kk Method of making balls
DE19913178A1 (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-05 Jung Wolfgang Process for the production of steel balls

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE541623C (en) * 1928-07-14 1932-01-15 Hoesch Koeln Neuessen Akt Ges Rolling device for the production of balls from rods by means of rolling surfaces
US3206828A (en) * 1963-02-16 1965-09-21 Taiyu Shoji Kk Method of making balls
DE19913178A1 (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-05 Jung Wolfgang Process for the production of steel balls

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111438190A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-07-24 中国科学院金属研究所 Plate type wedge cross rolling mill

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2537605B1 (en) 2014-08-13
PL395349A1 (en) 2013-01-07
PL215439B1 (en) 2013-12-31

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