EP2531574A2 - Method for producing synthetic gas - Google Patents

Method for producing synthetic gas

Info

Publication number
EP2531574A2
EP2531574A2 EP10749789A EP10749789A EP2531574A2 EP 2531574 A2 EP2531574 A2 EP 2531574A2 EP 10749789 A EP10749789 A EP 10749789A EP 10749789 A EP10749789 A EP 10749789A EP 2531574 A2 EP2531574 A2 EP 2531574A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
ash
radiation
wall
heat boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10749789A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norbert Ullrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Uhde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Uhde GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Uhde GmbH
Publication of EP2531574A2 publication Critical patent/EP2531574A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C10J3/845—Quench rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0077—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for tempering, e.g. with cooling or heating circuits for temperature control of elements
    • F28D2021/0078—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for tempering, e.g. with cooling or heating circuits for temperature control of elements in the form of cooling walls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a process for the production of synthesis gas by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash and a pressure of 0.3 to 8 MPa.
  • the entrained flow gasification can be provided with adjusteinspeisen the carburetor feed for the production of fuels, chemical raw materials, but also for the production of energy.
  • This object is achieved by a method of the type described above in that the leaving the carburetor leaving the mixture within the pressure vessel designed as a waste heat boiler area flows through in the direction of gravity down, wherein the media mixture is acted upon by the waste heat boiler area of a water quench and the synthesis gas to an outlet temperature is cooled from 200 ° C to 400 ° C.
  • the invention also provides an apparatus for the production of synthesis gas, which is characterized in that behind the carburetor in the pressure vessel in the heat recovery boiler area forming radiation boiler wall from boiler feed water flowed through pipes is provided.
  • boiler radiation wall flowed through boiler feed water, having projecting into the interior of the reactor bulkheads.
  • the molten ash particles are solidified, so that in the downstream heat recovery steam generator without fixed insoluble caking is made possible, since then fixed airborne dust either not at the heat exchanger surfaces adheres or can be easily cleaned by knocker or soot blower.
  • the bulkheads are only about one-third protrude into the boiler, the synthesis gas cooled after quenching of about 900 ° C to below 400 ° C, with this enthalpy steam, in power plant process preferably high-pressure steam, in a syngas production preferably medium-pressure steam generated.
  • the after-water quenching with the following cooling with steam laden, partially saturated synthesis gas is then supplied from the waste heat boiler further treatment steps.
  • a device in which a water quench is provided before and / or after the boiler radiation wall in the flow direction of the media, wherein, as stated above, according to the invention, the corresponding wall surfaces and the bulkheads are formed by a pipe-web-pipe construction ,
  • knockers and / or sootblowers can be provided for cleaning off the respective wall surfaces.
  • the synthesis gas is partially saturated with water vapor, the radiation boiler below the gasifier being dimensioned according to the invention in such a way that the hot synthesis gas is cooled predominantly via radiant heat emission and the radiation boiler also consists of a radiation vessel wall located in the pressure vessel with bulkheads projecting into the gas flow.
  • the two variants of the invention both the corresponding method, such as the corresponding device, are used to optimize the gasification of power plant processes, with the most efficient use of raw materials in the production of synthesis gases, such as CO or H 2 , for the chemical industry and the production synthetic fuels or synthetic natural gas and for plants for the combined generation of electricity and production of chemicals (polygeneration).
  • synthesis gases such as CO or H 2
  • Fig. 1 is a gasification reactor with elements of the prior
  • Fig. 2 shows a device according to the invention.
  • the device generally designated 1, has a pressure vessel 2 with which a reaction space 4 is provided at a distance from the pressure vessel 2 through a membrane wall 3. 5, the annular steam collector of the membrane wall 5 is referred to, where it does not come closer here.
  • reaction space 4 merges into a cone 6 at the bottom, in the outlet region of which a water quench 7 is provided.
  • this carburetor area is designated by a double arrow "A”.
  • the waste heat boiler area C is designed as a radiation boiler 8, which has inwardly facing bulkheads 9, which, like the wall of the radiation boiler 8, are flowed through by boiler feed water 10.
  • the steam or water vapor outlet is denoted by 11.
  • a slag collecting container 12 is provided within a water bath 13.
  • the synthesis gas outlet is designated 14.
  • temperature ranges are indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2; for the reaction space 4, these are at 1300.degree. C. to 1600.degree. behind the cone outlet 6 and the water quench 7 at about 900 ° C, the temperature in the region of the slag collecting container 12 and the water bath 13 is about 300 ° C to 400 ° C.
  • the synthesis gas outlet thus also has a temperature in this range, ie between 300 ° C and 400 ° C.
  • the water quench 7a is arranged below the waste-heat boiler region C, so that here too the water-quenching region is referred to as B '.
  • the total enthalpy of the medium flowed through the reactor 2 are largely delivered to the waste heat boiler area C or to the corresponding wall 8 and the bulkheads 9, these areas are designed as a pipe-web pipe construction.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing synthetic gas by gasification of an ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash and with a pressure of 0.3 to 8 MPa, wherein the enthalpy accumulated from producing the synthetic gas is used to produce steam, particularly high-pressure steam. This is achieved in that the medium mixture, which is leaving the gasifier outlet and which is inside the pressure container, flows down in the gravitational direction through a region designed as a heat boiler. The medium mixture downstream of the heat boiler region is supplied with a water quench, and the synthetic gas is cooled to an outlet temperature of 200 °C to 400 °C.

Description

"Verfahren zur Herstellung von Synthesegas" "Process for the production of synthesis gas"
Die Erfindung richtet sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Synthesegas durch Vergasung von aschehaltigem Brennstoff mit sauerstoffhaltigem Gas bei Temperaturen oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur der Asche und einem Druck von 0,3 bis 8 MPa . The invention is directed to a process for the production of synthesis gas by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash and a pressure of 0.3 to 8 MPa.
Derartige Vergasungsverfahren und entsprechende Reaktoren sind in unterschiedlichen Bauweisen bekannt, lediglich als Beispiel sei hier auf die WO 2009/036985 AI der Anmelderin verwiesen. Auch in der DE 10 2005 048 488 AI wird in Fig. 5 ein Vergasungsreaktor mit Teilquenchung gezeigt. Such gasification processes and corresponding reactors are known in different constructions, for example, reference should be made here to WO 2009/036985 AI of the Applicant as an example. Also in DE 10 2005 048 488 AI a gasification reactor with partial quenching is shown in Fig. 5.
Bei der Vergasung derartiger kohlenstoffhaltiger Brennstoffe kommen beispielsweise Kohlen, Koks, Petrolkoks, Biomasse oder dergleichen zum Einsatz, wobei hier die Flugstromvergasung vorgesehen sein kann, mit Trockeneinspeisen des Vergaserfeeds zur Erzeugung von Kraftstoffen, Chemierohstoffen, aber auch zur Erzeugung von Energie . In the gasification of such carbonaceous fuels, for example, coals, coke, petroleum coke, biomass or the like are used, here the entrained flow gasification can be provided with Trockeneinspeisen the carburetor feed for the production of fuels, chemical raw materials, but also for the production of energy.
Hier setzt die Erfindung an, deren Aufgabe darin besteht, die durch die Herstellung des Synthesegases anfallende Enthalpie für die Erzeugung von Dampf, insbesondere Hochdruckdampf, zu benutzen . This is where the invention begins, the object of which is to use the enthalpy produced by the production of the synthesis gas for the production of steam, in particular high-pressure steam.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren der eingangs bezeichneten Art dadurch gelöst, dass das den Vergaseraustritt verlassende Mediengemisch innerhalb des Druckbehälters einen als Abhitzekessel gestalteten Bereich in Schwerkraftrichtung nach unten durchströmt, wobei das Mediengemisch hinter dem Abhitzekesselbereich von einem Wasserquench beaufschlagt wird und das Synthesegas auf eine Austrittstemperatur von 200°C bis 400°C abgekühlt wird. This object is achieved by a method of the type described above in that the leaving the carburetor leaving the mixture within the pressure vessel designed as a waste heat boiler area flows through in the direction of gravity down, wherein the media mixture is acted upon by the waste heat boiler area of a water quench and the synthesis gas to an outlet temperature is cooled from 200 ° C to 400 ° C.
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE Durch die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise ist es möglich, durch den dem Flugstromvergaser nachgeschalteten Abhitzekesselbereich die im Mediengemisch enthaltene Wärme und Enthalpie zu nutzen, um Dampf oder ein Wasserdampfgemisch zu erzeugen, das einer weiteren Verwendung zuführbar ist. Mit dem Ausdruck "Mediengemisch" sind insbesondere das Synthesegas und die weiteren Bestandteile, wie z.B. die Schlacke und dergleichen, gemeint. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise wird das heiße Synthesegas im Abhitzekesselbereich von ca.CONFIRMATION COPY By means of the procedure according to the invention, it is possible to use the heat and enthalpy contained in the media mixture through the waste-heat boiler zone connected downstream of the entrained-flow gasifier in order to generate steam or a steam mixture which can be fed to a further use. By the term "media mixture" is meant in particular the synthesis gas and the other constituents, such as the slag and the like. By the method according to the invention, the hot synthesis gas in the waste heat boiler area of about
1300°C bis 1600°C auf 800°C bis 900°C entsprechend abgekühlt und anschließend durch einen Wasserquench auf 200°C bis 300°C weiter abgekühlt . 1300 ° C to 1600 ° C to 800 ° C to 900 ° C accordingly cooled and then further cooled by a water quench to 200 ° C to 300 ° C.
Zur Lösung der eingangs formulierten Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung auch eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas vor, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass hinter dem Vergaser im Druckbehälter eine im Abhitzekesselbereich bildende Strahlungskesselwand aus Kesselspeisewasser durchströmten Rohren vorgesehen ist. To solve the problem formulated at the outset, the invention also provides an apparatus for the production of synthesis gas, which is characterized in that behind the carburetor in the pressure vessel in the heat recovery boiler area forming radiation boiler wall from boiler feed water flowed through pipes is provided.
In Ausgestaltung einer derartigen Vorrichtung kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Kesselstrahlungswand Kesselspeisewasser durchströmte, in das Reaktorinnere ragende Schotten aufweist. In an embodiment of such a device can also be provided that the boiler radiation wall flowed through boiler feed water, having projecting into the interior of the reactor bulkheads.
Durch die Quenchung von 1300°C bis 1600°C hinunter auf 900°C werden die glutflüssigen Aschepartikel verfestigt, so dass in dem nachgeschalteten Abhitzekessel die Dampferzeugung ohne feste unlösbare Anbackungen ermöglicht wird, da der dann fest vorliegende Flugstaub entweder nicht an den Wärmetauscher- flächen anhaftet oder leicht über Klopfer oder Rußbläser abgereinigt werden kann. By quenching from 1300 ° C to 1600 ° C down to 900 ° C, the molten ash particles are solidified, so that in the downstream heat recovery steam generator without fixed insoluble caking is made possible, since then fixed airborne dust either not at the heat exchanger surfaces adheres or can be easily cleaned by knocker or soot blower.
Wie schon oben ausgeführt, wird in dem Abhitzekesselbereich, der aus einer Strahlungskesselwand und aus in den Gasstrom ragenden Schotten (beide in Rohr-Steg-Rohr-Ausführung) gebildet ist, wobei die Schotten nur etwa bis zu einem Drittel in den Kessel hineinragen, das Synthesegas nach der Wasser- quenchung von ca. 900°C auf unter 400°C abgekühlt, wobei mit dieser Enthalpie Dampf, in Kraftwerksprozess bevorzugt Hochdruckdampf, bei einer Synthesegasherstellung bevorzugt Mittel - druckdampf, erzeugt wird. Das nach der Wasserquenchung mit folgender Abkühlung mit Dampf beladene, teilgesättige Synthesegas wird dann aus dem Abhitzekessel weiteren Behandlungsschritten zugeführt. As stated above, in the waste heat boiler zone, which is formed by a radiation vessel wall and bulkheads projecting into the gas flow (both in pipe-web-pipe design), the bulkheads are only about one-third protrude into the boiler, the synthesis gas cooled after quenching of about 900 ° C to below 400 ° C, with this enthalpy steam, in power plant process preferably high-pressure steam, in a syngas production preferably medium-pressure steam generated. The after-water quenching with the following cooling with steam laden, partially saturated synthesis gas is then supplied from the waste heat boiler further treatment steps.
Alternativ ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung vorgesehen, bei der vor und/oder nach der Kesselstrahlungswand in Strömungsrichtung der Medien ein Wasserquench vorgesehen ist, wobei, wie oben schon angegeben, erfindungsgemäß die entsprechenden Wandflächen und die Schotten von einer Rohr-Steg-Rohr- Konstruktion gebildet sind. Darüber hinaus können, wie ebenfalls oben schon angegeben, Klopfer und/oder Rußbläser zur Abreinigung der jeweiligen Wandflächen vorgesehen sein. ird der Wasserquench, wie dies die Erfindung ebenfalls vorsieht, erst hinter dem Abhitzekesselbereich positioniert , wird auch hier das Synthesegas mit Wasserdampf teilweise aufgesättigt, wobei der Strahlungskessel in Strömungsrichtung unterhalb des Vergasers erfindungsgemäß so dimensioniert ist, dass das heiße Synthesegas vorwiegend über Strahlungswärmeabgabe gekühlt wird und der Strahlungskessel ebenfalls aus einer in dem Druckbehälter befindlichen Strahlungskesselwand mit in den Gasstrom ragenden Schotten besteht. Alternatively, a device according to the invention is provided, in which a water quench is provided before and / or after the boiler radiation wall in the flow direction of the media, wherein, as stated above, according to the invention, the corresponding wall surfaces and the bulkheads are formed by a pipe-web-pipe construction , In addition, as already stated above, knockers and / or sootblowers can be provided for cleaning off the respective wall surfaces. If the water quench, as the invention also provides, is only positioned behind the waste heat boiler area, the synthesis gas is partially saturated with water vapor, the radiation boiler below the gasifier being dimensioned according to the invention in such a way that the hot synthesis gas is cooled predominantly via radiant heat emission and the radiation boiler also consists of a radiation vessel wall located in the pressure vessel with bulkheads projecting into the gas flow.
Erkennbar können die beiden erfindungsgemäßen Varianten sowohl das entsprechende Verfahren, wie die entsprechende Vorrichtung, zur Optimierung der Vergasung für Kraftwerksprozesse eingesetzt werden, wobei auch eine möglichst effiziente Rohstoffnutzung bei der Herstellung von Synthesegasen, wie CO oder H2, für die chemische Industrie und die Herstellung synthetischer Kraftstoffe oder synthetischen Erdgases und für Anlagen zur kombinierten Erzeugung von Strom und Herstellung von Chemikalien (Polygeneration) eingesetzt werden können. Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aufgrund der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie anhand der Zeichnung, diese zeigt in Visible, the two variants of the invention both the corresponding method, such as the corresponding device, are used to optimize the gasification of power plant processes, with the most efficient use of raw materials in the production of synthesis gases, such as CO or H 2 , for the chemical industry and the production synthetic fuels or synthetic natural gas and for plants for the combined generation of electricity and production of chemicals (polygeneration). Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and with reference to the drawing, which shows in
Fig. 1 einen Vergasungsreaktor mit Elementen des Standes der Fig. 1 is a gasification reactor with elements of the prior
Technik sowie in  Technology as well as in
Fig. 2 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung. Fig. 2 shows a device according to the invention.
Die allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete Vorrichtung weist einen Druckbehälter 2 auf, mit dem durch eine Membranwand 3 auf Abstand zum Druckbehälter 2 ein Reaktionsraum 4 vorgesehen ist. Mit 5 ist der ringförmige DampfSammler der Membranwand 5 bezeichnet, worauf es hier nicht näher ankommt . The device, generally designated 1, has a pressure vessel 2 with which a reaction space 4 is provided at a distance from the pressure vessel 2 through a membrane wall 3. 5, the annular steam collector of the membrane wall 5 is referred to, where it does not come closer here.
Der Reaktionsraum 4 geht unten in einen Konus 6 über, in dessen Auslaufbereich ein Wasserquench 7 vorgesehen ist. Seitlich an Fig. 1 ist dieser Vergaserbereich mit einem Doppelpfeil "A" bezeichnet. Anschließend an den mit "B" bezeichneten Quench- bereich schließt sich ein Abhitzekesselbereich "C" an. The reaction space 4 merges into a cone 6 at the bottom, in the outlet region of which a water quench 7 is provided. Side of Fig. 1, this carburetor area is designated by a double arrow "A". After the quench area marked "B", a waste heat boiler zone "C" follows.
Der Abhitzekesselbereich C ist als Strahlungskessel 8 gestaltet, der nach innen weisende Schotten 9 aufweist, die ebenso wie die Wand des Strahlungskessels 8 von Kesselspeisewasser 10 durchflössen sind. Der Dampf- bzw. Wasserdampfaustritt ist mit 11 bezeichnet. The waste heat boiler area C is designed as a radiation boiler 8, which has inwardly facing bulkheads 9, which, like the wall of the radiation boiler 8, are flowed through by boiler feed water 10. The steam or water vapor outlet is denoted by 11.
Am unteren Ende ist ein Schlackesammelbehälter 12 vorgesehen innerhalb eines Wasserbades 13. Der Synthesegasaustritt ist mit 14 bezeichnet. At the lower end, a slag collecting container 12 is provided within a water bath 13. The synthesis gas outlet is designated 14.
Zusätzlich sind in Fig. 1 und 2 Temperaturbereiche angegeben, für den Reaktionsraum 4 liegen diese bei 1300°C bis 1600°C, hinter dem Konusaustritt 6 und dem Wasserquench 7 etwa bei 900°C, wobei die Temperatur im Bereich des Schlackesammelbehälters 12 bzw. des Wasserbades 13 etwa bei 300°C bis 400°C liegt. Der Synthesegasaustritt weist somit ebenfalls eine Temperatur in diesem Bereich auf, d.h. zwischen 300°C und 400°C. In addition, temperature ranges are indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2; for the reaction space 4, these are at 1300.degree. C. to 1600.degree. behind the cone outlet 6 and the water quench 7 at about 900 ° C, the temperature in the region of the slag collecting container 12 and the water bath 13 is about 300 ° C to 400 ° C. The synthesis gas outlet thus also has a temperature in this range, ie between 300 ° C and 400 ° C.
In der die Erfindung zeigenden Fig. 2 sind die funktional gleichen Teile mit den gleichen Bezugsziffern bezeichnet, wobei die Vorrichtung allgemein mit la bezeichnet ist, um den konstruktiven Unterschied zur Ausgestaltung der Fig. 1 kenntlich zu machen. 2, the functionally identical parts are designated by the same reference numerals, wherein the device is generally designated la in order to make the structural difference to the embodiment of FIG. 1 recognizable.
Im Unterschied zur Konstruktion nach Fig. 1 ist hier der Wasserquench 7a unterhalb des Abhitzekesselbereiches C angeordnet, so dass sich auch hier der Wasserquenchbereich mit B' bezeichnet anschließt. In contrast to the construction according to FIG. 1, here the water quench 7a is arranged below the waste-heat boiler region C, so that here too the water-quenching region is referred to as B '.
Erkennbar kann hier bei höheren Temperaturen die Gesamtenthalpie des den Reaktor 2 durchströmten Mediums zu großen Teilen an den Abhitzekesselbereich C bzw. an die entsprechende Wand 8 und die Schotten 9 abgegeben werden, wobei diese Bereiche als Rohr-Steg-Rohrkonstruktion ausgebildet sind. Visible here at higher temperatures, the total enthalpy of the medium flowed through the reactor 2 are largely delivered to the waste heat boiler area C or to the corresponding wall 8 and the bulkheads 9, these areas are designed as a pipe-web pipe construction.
Natürlich sind die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung noch in vielfacher Hinsicht abzuändern, ohne den Grundgedanken zu verlassen, insbesondere was die Führung der in Schwerkraftrichtung von oben nach unten strömenden Medien innerhalb des Reaktors 2 angeht und dergleichen mehr. Of course, the described embodiments of the invention are still to be modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit, especially as regards the guidance of the flowing in the direction of gravity from top to bottom media within the reactor 2 and the like.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Synthesegas durch Vergasung von aschehaltigem Brennstoff mit sauerstoffhaltigem Gas bei Temperaturen oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur der Asche und einem Druck von 0,3 bis 8 MPa, Process for the production of synthesis gas by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash and a pressure of 0.3 to 8 MPa,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , characterized ,
dass das den Vergaseraustritt verlassende Mediengemisch innerhalb des Druckbehälters einen als Abhitzekessel gestalteten Bereich in Schwerkraftrichtung nach unten durchströmt, wobei das Mediengemisch hinter dem Abhitzekesselbereich von einem Wasserquench beaufschlagt wird und das Synthesegas auf einethat the media mixture leaving the carburetor outlet flows through a region designed as a waste heat boiler in the direction of gravity downwards within the pressure vessel, the water being subjected to a quench of water behind the waste heat boiler zone and the synthesis gas being applied to one
Austrittstemperatur von 200°C bis 400°C abgekühlt wird. Outlet temperature of 200 ° C to 400 ° C is cooled.
Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas durch Vergasung von aschehaltigem Brennstoff mit sauerstoffhaltigem Gas bei Temperaturen oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur der Asche und einem Druck von 0,3 bis 8 MPa, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, Apparatus for the production of synthesis gas by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash and a pressure of 0.3 to 8 MPa, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass hinter dem Vergaser (4) im Druckbehälter (2) eine einen Abhitzekesselbereich (C) bildende Strahlungskesselwand (8) aus Kesselspeisewasser durchströmten Rohren vorgesehen ist . that behind the carburetor (4) in the pressure vessel (2) is provided a radiation boiler wall (8) forming a waste-heat boiler area (C) through which boiler feed water flows.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, Device according to claim 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Kesselstrahlungswand (8) Kesselspeisewasser durchströmte, in das Reaktorinnere ragende Schotten (9) aufweist. that the boiler radiation wall (8) flowed through boiler feed water, in the interior of the reactor projecting bulkheads (9).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3 , Device according to claim 2 or 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass vor und/oder nach der Kesselstrahlungswand (8) in that before and / or after the boiler radiation wall (8) in
Strömungsrichtung der Medien ein Wasserquench (7,7') vorgesehen ist. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einem der folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, Flow direction of the media a water quench (7,7 ') is provided. Device according to claim 2 or one of the following, characterized
dass die Strahlungskesselwand (8) und die Schotten (9) aus einer vom Kesselspeisewasser durchströmten Rohr-Steg-Rohr-Konstruktion gebildet sind. in that the radiation boiler wall (8) and the bulkheads (9) are formed from a pipe-web-pipe construction through which the boiler feed water flows.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einem der folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, Device according to claim 2 or one of the following, characterized
dass im Abhitzekesselbereich (C) Klopfer und/oder Rußbläser zur Abreinigung der Strahlungskesselwand (8) vorgesehen sind. that knockers and / or sootblowers are provided in the waste heat boiler area (C) for cleaning the radiation boiler wall (8).
EP10749789A 2009-09-02 2010-08-27 Method for producing synthetic gas Withdrawn EP2531574A2 (en)

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DE102009039749A DE102009039749A1 (en) 2009-09-02 2009-09-02 Process for the production of synthesis gas
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DE102011006757A1 (en) * 2011-04-05 2012-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for producing synthesis gas
DE102011107726B4 (en) * 2011-07-14 2016-06-30 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Apparatus and method for introducing renewable fuels into the region of the radiation vessel wall of gasification reactors
CN102796570B (en) * 2011-12-28 2014-11-12 上海锅炉厂有限公司 Novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment

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