EP2525178B1 - Method for drying a solid isolation containing active section of an electric device which can be filled with impregnating oil and device for performing this method - Google Patents

Method for drying a solid isolation containing active section of an electric device which can be filled with impregnating oil and device for performing this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2525178B1
EP2525178B1 EP11004092.0A EP11004092A EP2525178B1 EP 2525178 B1 EP2525178 B1 EP 2525178B1 EP 11004092 A EP11004092 A EP 11004092A EP 2525178 B1 EP2525178 B1 EP 2525178B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
housing
oil
solvent
heated
spray
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EP11004092.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2525178A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Altemeier
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Micavac AG
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Micavac AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F26B21/145—Condensing the vapour onto the surface of the materials to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for drying an active part containing an insulating material of an electric device which can be filled with impregnating oil according to the introductory part of patent claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out this process.
  • the active part of an electric device in the field can be dried and freed of old insulating oil, with which the housing of the device is filled during its operation in the field.
  • the device is in particular a transformer, such as a power transformer, especially a so-called "shell type” transformer with disc windings, which are separated by insulation plates.
  • the active part comprises solid insulation impregnated with insulating oil prior to operation of the electrical equipment (impregnating oil).
  • the active part is installed in the vacuum-resistant housing of the device and kept at negative pressure.
  • the solvent vapor can be generated inside or outside the device housing.
  • water emerging from the solid insulation in the form of a mixed steam containing solvent and water vapor is fed together with unavoidable leakage air to a condensation and separation device in which the condensed water is separated from the solvent and the leakage air is sucked off with a vacuum pump.
  • the existing existing impregnating oil (waste oil) and / or impurities are removed by distillation from the solvent.
  • a drying process of the type mentioned can be found in the company publication MNV 46 / 1e Fa. Micafil Ltd, 8048 Zurich / Switzerland.
  • a described in this prior art, working according to the Vapor phase method drying device for isolierölgetränkte insulations has a outside the transformer housing arranged Solventdampfer Weger with flexible solvent vapor lines between the evaporator and the transformer housing.
  • the generated during the execution of the drying process in Solventdampfer Weger solvent vapor is passed through the flexible solvent vapor lines in a housing of a transformer and condensed to be dried and old insulating oil (waste oil) to be liberated solid insulation of the transformer active.
  • the solid insulation is heated quickly and thus allows an effective discharge of water from the insulation.
  • the solvent removes the used oil from the insulation. Since the solvent vapor also condenses on the inner wall of the housing, this process requires a lot of energy and also requires a large apparatus, assembly and material costs in the field.
  • a drying method of the type mentioned is also in EP 1528342B1 described.
  • a device shown in Figure 6 for carrying out a working according to the vapor phase method drying method for isolierölgetränkte solid insulation of a transformer has outside a housing of the transformer arranged on a Solventerhitzer and a feed pump.
  • Solvent heated in the solvent heater is in circulation in liquid form in a lying within the transformer housing, guided in the manner of a venturi flow channel.
  • part of the solvent evaporates and condenses on the solid insulation to be dried and liberated from old insulating oil (waste oil) and thus promotes the escape of water from the insulation by rapid heating of the solid insulation.
  • the solvent removes the used oil from the insulation.
  • the flow channel is formed in the manner of a Venturi nozzle and arranged as an open channel section in the interior of the housing, the circulation rate of a formed during heating of the solid insulation, solvent and water vapor mixed steam flow is greatly increased and are thus achieved short drying times.
  • the spray oil is emptied at the bottom of the transformer, the transformer continues to be under vacuum for so long held until the moisture in the insulation has fallen to acceptable levels.
  • it takes a relatively long time until the internal insulation parts reach a minimum required temperature, since they come inadequate contact with the heated spray oil.
  • the achievable insulation temperatures are much smaller than in the Vapor Phase drying is achieved despite limited drying time and high energy consumption only limited drying results.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above, which is characterized by a low residual moisture content of the active part and a low energy requirement by a low residual moisture content of the solid part. At the same time it is also an object of the invention to provide a device which is suitable to carry out this method in a simple and economical manner.
  • a process for drying an active part containing a solid insulation of an electrical device that can be filled with impregnating oil.
  • the at least water and contaminated impregnating oil containing and arranged in a housing of the device active part is heated after evacuation of the housing by condensation of solvent vapor, which is formed by a solvent which is evaporated inside and / or outside the housing.
  • solvent vapor which is formed by a solvent which is evaporated inside and / or outside the housing.
  • at least water and solvent are separated from a mixed steam stream formed during heating and, after the heating process has ended, the heated active part is kept at negative pressure for drying.
  • the solid insulation of the active part which cools when it is heated to low pressure after completion of the heating process, is reheated by spraying warm spray oil onto the surfaces of the solid insulation.
  • warm spray oil onto the surfaces of the solid insulation.
  • any remaining solvent and residual moisture remaining in these isolations are evaporated off efficiently. This considerably shortens the drying process and thus not only reduces the throughput time but also the energy requirement of the drying process according to the invention.
  • at the bottom of the housing usually remaining, dissolved out of the solvent from the active part old impregnating oil is diluted by the spray oil used for reheating.
  • the temperature increase of the solid insulation achieved by reheating with the heated spray oil ensures that the solvent and water are now removed much more quickly from the solid insulation than in a prior art drying process in which such after-heating is not provided.
  • the entire drying process can be carried out without expensive thermal insulation of the housing.
  • the solid insulation which cools when held to negative pressure can be reheated at least a second time by spraying heated spray oil become.
  • the two resp. repeated repeating the reheating of the solid insulation is at the bottom of the generally not completely emptied housing collecting mixture of spray oil and old impregnating oil is further diluted so that the waste oil content drops to advantageously small values.
  • the spray oil needed for spraying can be sucked into the housing before being heated by the negative pressure.
  • a particularly good heat transfer from the heated spray oil to the solid insulation to be reheated is achieved when the spray oil is sprayed mainly from above and / or from the side of the solid insulation.
  • the flow channel is advantageously oriented in such a way that a flow containing solvent vapor during injection of the heated solvent is directed into a free space lying between the inner wall of the housing and the solid insulation.
  • impregnating oil After completion of the reheating for definitive filling of the housing provided impregnating oil can be heated and degassed with a device provided for performing this method device outside the housing.
  • the apparatus provided for carrying out the method according to the invention may comprise, in addition to the housing receiving the active part, a vacuum system connected to the interior of the housing, a solvent steam generator arranged inside or outside the housing and a condensation device arranged outside the housing, which is connected to the interior of the housing.
  • a vacuum system connected to the interior of the housing
  • a solvent steam generator arranged inside or outside the housing
  • a condensation device arranged outside the housing, which is connected to the interior of the housing.
  • the oil spray system may further comprise an air-cooled device preceding the condensation device for separating spray oil and / or for condensing solvent vapor.
  • Air heated in the air cooled device may be routed to an outer wall of the housing formed as a bottom.
  • the heat radiation of the housing can be reduced and energy saved accordingly.
  • the solvent steam generator can be arranged within the housing and have a flow channel configured in the manner of a Venturi nozzle and a solvent distribution channel receiving the externally supplied, heated solvent with solvent injection openings which are guided into the flow channel.
  • the solvent injection ports may be oriented so that a solvent-vapor-containing flow formed on exit from the ports is directed into a clearance between the inner wall of the housing and the solid insulation.
  • the drying device can also have a heater which heats the outside of the housing and can be connected to the solvent evaporator, which can be connected to the oil spray system after the solvent supply has been interrupted.
  • the oil spray system may comprise a heater upstream of the device for degassing the impregnating oil. This is the use of an additional
  • the drying device can have a device downstream of the heater for degassing the impregnating oil. As a result, the use of an additional oil treatment plant is not necessary and it saves operating costs and investment.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Drying devices shown serve the drying of a solid 1.1 containing active part 1.1 of a designed as a transformer electrical device in the vacuum-tight running housing. 1
  • the solvent is generally a light oil with a 1.5 existing impregnating oil, with which the housing 1 of the transformer is filled during its operation, and which is removed from the transformer housing 1 prior to drying of the active part 1.1.
  • the solvent necessary for the heating of the active part 1.1 is fed from a solvent storage tank 9 via a shut-off valve 20.2 with a feed pump 8, a shut-off valve 20.3, a solvent feed line 4.2.1 to the solvent / oil heater 4.
  • the heated solvent is passed via a shut-off valve 20.10 through a cover flange 1.3 to a disposed within the transformer housing 1 Solventverteilkanal 5 with injection ports 5.1. When heated solvent flows into a flow channel 6, it partially evaporates.
  • the Solventverteil- 5 and the flow channel 6 therefore act more or less as an evaporator.
  • the solvent distribution channel 5 can be advantageously formed from exposed tubes with at least one of the injection openings 5.1 and / or injection nozzles.
  • the narrowest cross-section is in the manner of a Venturi nozzle designed flow channel 6, which can be performed for cost reasons and ease of installation in the transformer housing 1 as Venturi tube.
  • the flow channel 6 is directed so that an emerging from the flow channel 6 and possibly still solvent and waste oil contained solvent vapor flow exiting into the free space between the transformer housing 1 and active part 1.1.
  • an unspecified connection line leads to an oil shut-off valve 20.17.
  • This valve is connected via a guided through a cover flange 1.3 oil connection line 4.3 with oil spray nozzles 2, which are arranged in the transformer housing 1.
  • the oil spray nozzles 2 are directed so that used for oil spraying insulating oil, hereinafter called spray oil, sprayed substantially the entire upper part of the active part 1.1.
  • the transformer housing 1 has at the bottom in its bottom a drain opening 1.4 for condensed solvent, as well as optionally washed by the solvent from the solid insulation waste oil as well as the spray oil.
  • the drain opening 1.4 is connected via a shut-off valve 20.8, a drain tank 7 and a shut-off valve 20.1 with a feed pump 8.
  • the outlet of the feed pump 8 is connected via a shut-off valve 20.3 with the solvent / oil heater.
  • shut-off valve 20.5 with a spray oil tank 3 or alternatively via a shut-off valve 20.6 with a Solventvorratstank 9 or via a check valve 20.7 with an oil tank 19 for receiving the possibly existing waste oil, which during drying of the transformer active 1.1 by the solvent from the solid 1.5 was removed and subsequently separated by distillation from the solvent.
  • the transformer housing 1 is connected via a first mixing steam leading line 10, a Dampfabsperrventil 20, an air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and a mixed steam condenser 16 with a vacuum system 18.
  • the mixed steam condenser 16 has two discharge nozzles, one of which is connected to the vacuum system 18 and the other via a vacuum shut-off valve 21 controlling the emptying of solvent and water with a separating container 17 containing a water drain valve 22.
  • the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 has a connection to the air supply from a fan 11.2 and a further connecting piece, through which the heated air is guided via a hot air line 11.3 to the bottom of the transformer housing 1. Any condensed solvent / oil vapor is fed via drain port 11.5, solvent / oil Abtropftechnisch 11.6 and check valve 20.9 the drain tank 7.
  • an impregnating oil tank 13 a ⁇ lentgasungscribe 14 and an oil feed pump 15 are additionally provided.
  • the transformer can be additionally filled with degassed impregnating oil after drying in the field with minimal expenditure on equipment.
  • the tank 13 is connected to the oil degassing stage 14 via line 13.1, oil shut-off valve 20.11, feed pump 8, shut-off valve 20.3, solvent / oil heater 4 and oil shut-off valve 20.15.
  • the heated and degassed impregnating oil is introduced into the transformer housing 1 with the pump 15 via an oil shut-off valve 20.13 and the shut-off valve 20.8.
  • the permissible oil level in the transformer housing 1 is monitored by means of a level switch 12.1.
  • the heated solvent is at a higher pressure when heated.
  • the pressure in the solvent drops sharply, with some of the heated solvent evaporating while cooling down by the amount of its heat of vaporization.
  • the resulting solvent vapor condenses on the active part 1.1 and heats it with simultaneous evaporation of the water contained in the solid insulation 1.5, resulting in the formation of a solvent and steam containing mixed steam with a small amount of air leakage in the transformer housing 1.
  • This mixed steam is sucked off with the vacuum system 18 via Dampfabsperrventil 20, any oil vapor and oil drops are deposited in the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and condensed solvent and water vapor in the mixed steam condenser 16.
  • the condensate flows via Vakuumabsperrventil 21 to the separation tank 17.
  • the separate solvent is fed back to the solvent circuit with the feed pump 8.1 via shut-off valve 20.4 and heated in the solvent / oil heater 4.
  • the separated water is discharged via the water drain valve 22.
  • Solvent condensate obtained in the transformer housing 1 and possibly containing waste oil flows via the drain opening 1.4 and the open shut-off valve 20.8 to the drain tank 7 and is supplied to the feed pump 8 via the solvent / oil heater 4 for evaporation back to the Solventverteilkanal 5 respectively the Solventeinspritzö réelleen 5.1.
  • the solvent is injected through the solvent injection openings 5.1 with advantage at the narrowest point in the flow channel 6. This results in a particularly high flow velocity and a correspondingly high negative pressure. This leads to a jet effect, through which the mixed steam present in the transformer housing 1 is sucked into the flow channel 6.
  • the drawn-in mixed steam mixes with the high-speed injected solvent and the solvent vapor formed during injection. This produces the advantageous effect that, on the one hand, rapid and accurate temperature control of the solvent vapor entering the transformer housing 1 is achieved, and, on the other hand, that the mixed steam at increased speed flows around the active part 1.1 present in the transformer housing 1 turbulently by sucking in the mixed steam into the flow channel 6.
  • shut-off valve 20.2 Upon reaching a minimum temperature of the solid insulation 1.5, the periodic Solventzu exchange via shut-off valve 20.2 is interrupted, that is Shut-off valve 20.2 closed and one off Figure 3 apparent phase D is initiated, in which the solvent / oil mixture is circulated as described above, wherein mixed steam is removed continuously. Since the oil content in the flow channel 6 does not evaporate, with continuous removal of mixed steam from the transformer housing 1 and condensation of the extracted mixed steam in the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and mixed steam condenser 16, the waste oil content in the transformer housing 1 steadily increases until practically only pure waste oil is present , This oil is emptied with the feed pump 8 during phase D via shut-off valve 20.7 in the oil tank 19.
  • phase D in which, as described above, without feeding of solvent, the solvent / oil mixture circulated and then any existing existing impregnating oil is emptied.
  • phase V1 the solid insulation 1.5 cools due to evaporation of moisture and solvent from the Feststoffisolation1.5 and heat radiation of the Active part 1.1 and the transformer housing 1 to the environment from so far that the evaporation of moisture and solvent due to low temperature of Feststoffisolation1.5 is greatly reduced.
  • the transformer housing 1 is maintained in the manner previously described as in the phase V1 to negative pressure. Thereafter, due to pressure difference between the transformer housing 1 and 3 spray oil tank spray oil from the tank 3 via ⁇ labsperrventil 20.16, oil filter 3.2, spray oil 3.1, ⁇ labsperrventil 20.14, and check valve 20.8 fed into the transformer housing 1 until the lower level switch 12 is flooded.
  • the spray oil via shut-off valve 20.8, drain tank 7 and shut-off valve 20.1 of the feed pump 8 is supplied and then promoted via shut-off valve 20.3 and 4.2.1 Solventitatistechnisch in the solvent / ⁇ hler 4.
  • the spray oil is heated to a value slightly above the insulation temperature and passed via shut-off valve 20.17 and oil connection line 4.3 to the arranged within the transformer housing 1 spray oil nozzles and sprayed over the surface of the active part 1.1.
  • the temperature of the solid insulation 1.5 increases again to such values that the residual solvent and moisture evaporates from the solid insulation 1.5.
  • the present in the transformer housing 1 solvent / water vapor mixture is sucked in the same manner as previously described in the phase H1 of the vacuum system 18. Any existing oil vapors and oil drops are deposited in the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and fed back via solvent / ⁇ labtropftechnisch 11.6 and check valve 20.9 the oil circuit.
  • the drying device in addition to the under Fig.1 described procedure, that is, after completion of the drying process, the housing 1 containing the built-active part 1.1 filled with conditioned insulating oil (impregnating oil).
  • the apparatus in particular the vacuum system 18, the solvent / oil heater 4 and the feed pump 8, can advantageously be used for filling the impregnating oil.
  • the vacuum system 18 remains, as described above, connected via the open Dampfabsperrventil 20 with the transformer housing 1 and keeps the active part 1.1 under vacuum.
  • the degassing stage 14 is held on the vacuum connection line 4.4 and the open Vakuumabsperrventil 21.1 with the vacuum system 18 to negative pressure.
  • Impregnating oil tank 13 is fed via Impregnating oil line 13.1 and ⁇ labsperrventil 20.11 Impregnating the pump 8 and then promoted via shut-off valve 20.3 to the solvent / oil heater 4, heated and pumped via ⁇ labsperrventil 20.15 in the ⁇ lentgasungsshake 14 and degassed there.
  • the degassed impregnating oil is introduced via the oil shut-off valve 20.13, shut-off valve 20.8 and drain opening 1.4 into the vacuum-standing transformer housing 1 with the oil feed pump 15 until the maximum permissible oil level according to the oil level switch 12.2 has been reached.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf Verfahren zur Trocknung eines Feststoffisolationen enthaltenden Aktivteils eines mit Imprägnieröl füllbaren elektrischen Gerätes nach dem einleitenden Teil von Patentanspruch 1 und auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The present invention relates to a process for drying an active part containing an insulating material of an electric device which can be filled with impregnating oil according to the introductory part of patent claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out this process.

Mit solchen Verfahren kann das Aktivteil eines im Feld stehenden elektrischen Gerätes getrocknet und von altem Isolieröl befreit werden, mit dem das Gehäuse des Gerätes während seines Betriebs im Feld gefüllt ist. Das Gerät ist insbesondere ein Transformator, etwa ein Leistungstransformator, speziell ein sogenannter "shell type" Transformator mit Scheibenwicklungen, welche durch Isolationsplatten voneinander getrennt sind. Das Aktivteil umfasst Feststoffisolationen, die vor dem Betrieb des elektrischen Gerätes mit Isolieröl imprägniert sind (Imprägnieröl). Das Aktivteil ist im vakuumfest ausgebildeten Gehäuse des Gerätes eingebaut und auf Unterdruck gehalten.With such methods, the active part of an electric device in the field can be dried and freed of old insulating oil, with which the housing of the device is filled during its operation in the field. The device is in particular a transformer, such as a power transformer, especially a so-called "shell type" transformer with disc windings, which are separated by insulation plates. The active part comprises solid insulation impregnated with insulating oil prior to operation of the electrical equipment (impregnating oil). The active part is installed in the vacuum-resistant housing of the device and kept at negative pressure.

Es gibt Verfahren, bei denen die Kondensationswärme eines Solventdampfs zum raschen und schonenden Aufheizen des Aktivteils ausgenutzt wird. Der Solventdampf kann innerhalb oder ausserhalb des Gerätegehäuses erzeugt werden. Dabei wird während des Aufheizens aus den Feststoffisolationen austretendes Wasser in Form eines Solvent- und Wasserdampf enthaltenden Mischdampfs zusammen mit nicht zu vermeidender Leckluft einer Kondensations- und Trennvorrichtung zugeführt, in der das kondensierte Wasser vom Solvent getrennt und die Leckluft mit einer Vakuumpumpe abgesaugt wird. Das gegebenfalls vorhandene alte Imprägnieröl (Altöl) und/oder Verunreinigungen werden durch Destillation aus dem Solvent entfernt.There are methods in which the heat of condensation of a solvent vapor is used for rapid and gentle heating of the active part. The solvent vapor can be generated inside or outside the device housing. During the heating process, water emerging from the solid insulation in the form of a mixed steam containing solvent and water vapor is fed together with unavoidable leakage air to a condensation and separation device in which the condensed water is separated from the solvent and the leakage air is sucked off with a vacuum pump. The existing existing impregnating oil (waste oil) and / or impurities are removed by distillation from the solvent.

Des weiteren gibt es auch Verfahren, bei denen erwärmtes Sprayöl unter Vakuum über das Aktivteil eines Transformator gespritzt und dieses dabei aufgeheizt wird.Furthermore, there are also processes in which heated spray oil is injected under vacuum over the active part of a transformer and this is heated.

Hierbei wird nur soviel erwärmtes Sprayöl in den unteren Teil des Transformators eingefüllt, dass die Feststoffisolationen nicht überflutet sind. Anschliessend wird das Sprayöl dauernd erhitzt und im Umwälzverfahren über die Feststoffisolationen versprüht. Dadurch wird infolge Erwärmung der Feststoffisolationen Feuchtigkeit aus den Feststoffisolationen abgedampft und zusammen mit dem Sprayöldampf sowie vorhandener Leckluft mit einer Vakuumanlage abgesaugt. Wasserdampf und Öldämpfe werden in Kondensationsanlage auskondensiert.Here, only so much heated spray oil is filled into the lower part of the transformer that the solid insulation is not flooded. Subsequently, the spray oil is heated continuously and sprayed in the circulation process on the solid insulation. As a result, due to heating of the solid insulation moisture is evaporated from the solid insulation and sucked together with the spray oil vapor and existing air leakage with a vacuum system. Water vapor and oil vapors are condensed out in condensation plant.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Ein Trocknungsverfahren der eingangs genannten Art kann der Firmenschrift MNV 46/1e der Fa. Micafil Ltd, 8048 Zürich/Schweiz entnommen werden. Eine in diesem Stand der Technik beschriebene, nach dem Vapour-Phase-Verfahren arbeitende Trocknungsvorrichtung für isolierölgetränkte Isolierungen weist einen ausserhalb des Transformatorgehäuses angeordneten Solventdampferzeuger mit flexiblen Solventdampfleitungen zwischen Verdampfer und Transformatorgehäuse auf. Der bei der Ausführung des Trocknungsverfahrens im Solventdampferzeuger generierte Solventdampf wird über die flexiblen Solventdampfleitungen in ein Gehäuse eines Transformators geführt und kondensiert an den zu trocknenden und von altem Isolieröl (Altöl) zu befreienden Feststoffisolationen des Transformatoraktivteils. Hierbei werden die Feststoffisolationen rasch aufgeheizt und wird so ein wirkungsvoller Austritt von Wasser aus den Isolationen ermöglicht. Zugleich wird durch das Solvent das Altöl aus den Isolationen herausgelöst. Da der Solventdampf auch an der Innenwand des Gehäuses kondensiert, benötigt dieses Verfahren viel Energie und bedingt zudem einen grossen Apparate-, Montage- und Materialaufwand im Felde.A drying process of the type mentioned can be found in the company publication MNV 46 / 1e Fa. Micafil Ltd, 8048 Zurich / Switzerland. A described in this prior art, working according to the Vapor phase method drying device for isolierölgetränkte insulations has a outside the transformer housing arranged Solventdampferzeuger with flexible solvent vapor lines between the evaporator and the transformer housing. The generated during the execution of the drying process in Solventdampferzeuger solvent vapor is passed through the flexible solvent vapor lines in a housing of a transformer and condensed to be dried and old insulating oil (waste oil) to be liberated solid insulation of the transformer active. In this case, the solid insulation is heated quickly and thus allows an effective discharge of water from the insulation. At the same time, the solvent removes the used oil from the insulation. Since the solvent vapor also condenses on the inner wall of the housing, this process requires a lot of energy and also requires a large apparatus, assembly and material costs in the field.

Ein Trocknungsverfahren der eingangs genannten Art ist auch in EP 1528342B1 beschrieben. Eine in Fig.6 dargestellte Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines nach der Vapour-Phase-Methode arbeitenden Trocknungsverfahrens für isolierölgetränkte Feststoffisolationen eines Transformators weist ausserhalb eines Gehäuses des Transformators angeordnet einen Solventerhitzer sowie eine Förderpumpe auf. Im Solventerhitzer erwärmtes Solvent wird im Umwälzverfahren in flüssiger Form in einen innerhalb des Transformatorgehäuses liegenden, nach Art einer Venturidüse ausgebildeten Strömungskanal geführt. Beim Eintritt des erwärmten, flüssigen Solvents in den Strömungskanal verdampft ein Teil des Solvents und kondensiert an den zu trocknenden und von altem Isolieröl (Altöl) zu befreienden Feststoffisolationen und fördert so durch rasches Aufheizen der Feststoffisolationen den Austritt von Wasser aus den Isolationen. Zugleich wird durch das Solvent das Altöl aus den Isolationen herausgelöst. Dadurch, dass der Strömungskanal nach Art einer Venturidüse ausgebildet und als offener Kanalabschnitt im Innenraum des Gehäuses angeordnet ist, wird die Zirkulationsgeschwindigkeit eines beim Aufheizen der Feststoffisolationen gebildeten, Solvent- und Wasserdampf enthaltenden Mischdampfstroms stark erhöht und werden so kurze Trocknungszeiten erreicht.A drying method of the type mentioned is also in EP 1528342B1 described. A device shown in Figure 6 for carrying out a working according to the vapor phase method drying method for isolierölgetränkte solid insulation of a transformer has outside a housing of the transformer arranged on a Solventerhitzer and a feed pump. Solvent heated in the solvent heater is in circulation in liquid form in a lying within the transformer housing, guided in the manner of a venturi flow channel. When the heated, liquid solvent enters the flow channel, part of the solvent evaporates and condenses on the solid insulation to be dried and liberated from old insulating oil (waste oil) and thus promotes the escape of water from the insulation by rapid heating of the solid insulation. At the same time, the solvent removes the used oil from the insulation. Characterized in that the flow channel is formed in the manner of a Venturi nozzle and arranged as an open channel section in the interior of the housing, the circulation rate of a formed during heating of the solid insulation, solvent and water vapor mixed steam flow is greatly increased and are thus achieved short drying times.

Auch in EP1 224 021 B1 sind das Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art und zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtungen beschrieben. Bei diesem Stand der Technik wird das erhitzte Solvent im Umwälzverfahren in flüssiger Form über Expansionsventile, Expansionsbehälter oder Verdampfer in das Transformatorgehäuse geführt, wo es zum Aufheizen direkt das Aktivteil des Transformators anströmt und zum Teil verdampft. Aus den Isolationen ausgewaschenes altes Isolieröl (Altöl) wird zusammen mit dem Solvent umgewälzt und belegt beim Anströmen des Aktivteils dessen Oberfläche wieder mit dem ausgewaschenen Altöl.Also in EP1 224 021 B1 the method of the type mentioned above and suitable for carrying out this method devices are described. In this prior art, the heated solvent is circulated in liquid form through expansion valves, expansion tank or evaporator into the transformer housing, where it flows directly to the heating of the active part of the transformer and partially evaporated. From the insulation washed out old insulating oil (waste oil) is circulated together with the solvent and occupied when flowing the active part whose surface again with the washed-out waste oil.

Ein Verfahren und eine zugehörige Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Transformatoren im Felde nach dem sogenannten Oil-Spray Trocknungsprozess ist in der Firmenschrift MNV 50/3f der Fa. Micafil S.A., 8048 Zürich/Schweiz, mit dem Titel "Sechage de transformateurs par pulverisation d'huile (Oil Spray)" beschrieben. Bei dieser Technologie wird das Transformatorenöl soweit entleert, bis die untersten Isolationsteile des Aktivteils nicht mehr mit Öl überflutet sind, danach der Transformator unter Unterdruck gehalten und mit einer Ölaufbereitungsanlage im Umwälzverfahren das Öl erwärmt und oberhalb auf den Aktivteil und die Isolation gesprüht. Die aus der Isolation abgedampfte Feuchtigkeit wird mit einer Vakuumpumpe abgesaugt und in einem Kondensationssystem kondensiert. In der letzten Phase der Trocknung wird das Sprayöl am Boden des Transformators entleert, der Transformator weiterhin so lange unter Vakuum gehalten, bis die Feuchte in der Isolation auf vertretbare Werte abgesunken ist. Bei diesem Verfahren dauert es relativ lange bis die innen liegenden Isolationsteile eine minimal erforderliche Temperatur erreichen, da sie nur mangelhaft mit dem erwärmten Sprayöl in Kontakt kommen. Da zudem die erreichbaren Isolationstemperaturen wesentlich kleiner sind als bei der Vapour Phase Trocknung erreicht man trotz langer Trocknungszeit und hohem Energiebedarf nur begrenzte Trocknungsresultate.A method and an associated apparatus for drying transformers in the field after the so-called oil-spray drying process is in the company publication MNV 50 / 3f Fa. Micafil SA, 8048 Zurich / Switzerland, entitled "Sechage de transformateurs par pulverization d'huile (Oil Spray) "described. With this technology, the transformer oil is emptied until the lowest insulation parts of the active part are no longer flooded with oil, then the transformer is kept under negative pressure and heated with an oil treatment plant in the circulation process, the oil and sprayed above on the active part and the insulation. The moisture evaporated from the insulation is sucked off with a vacuum pump and condensed in a condensation system. In the last phase of drying, the spray oil is emptied at the bottom of the transformer, the transformer continues to be under vacuum for so long held until the moisture in the insulation has fallen to acceptable levels. In this method, it takes a relatively long time until the internal insulation parts reach a minimum required temperature, since they come inadequate contact with the heated spray oil. In addition, since the achievable insulation temperatures are much smaller than in the Vapor Phase drying is achieved despite limited drying time and high energy consumption only limited drying results.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Der Erfindung, wie sie in den Patentansprüchen angegeben ist, liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, welches sich bei geringer Durchlaufzeit des zu trocknenden Aktivteils und einem geringen Energiebedarf durch eine geringe Restfeuchte der Feststoffisolationen des Aktivteils auszeichnet. Zugleich ist es auch Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, welche geeignet ist, dieses Verfahren in einfacher und wirtschaftlicher Weise durchzuführen.The invention, as indicated in the claims, has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above, which is characterized by a low residual moisture content of the active part and a low energy requirement by a low residual moisture content of the solid part. At the same time it is also an object of the invention to provide a device which is suitable to carry out this method in a simple and economical manner.

Gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein Verfahren zur Trocknung eines Feststoffisolationen enthaltenden Aktivteils eines mit Imprägnieröl füllbaren elektrischen Gerätes bereitgestellt. Bei diesem Trocknungsverfahren wird das zumindest Wasser und verunreinigtes Imprägnieröl enthaltende und in einem Gehäuse des Gerätes angeordnete Aktivteil nach Evakuieren des Gehäuses aufgeheizt und zwar durch Kondensation von Solventdampf, welcher von einem Solvent gebildet wird, das innerhalb und/oder ausserhalb des Gehäuses verdampft wird. Dabei werden aus einem beim Aufheizen sich bildenden Mischdampfstrom zumindest Wasser und Solvent abgeschieden und wird nach Abschluss des Aufheizvorgangs das aufgeheizte Aktivteil zum Trocknen auf Unterdruck gehalten.According to the present invention, a process is provided for drying an active part containing a solid insulation of an electrical device that can be filled with impregnating oil. In this drying process, the at least water and contaminated impregnating oil containing and arranged in a housing of the device active part is heated after evacuation of the housing by condensation of solvent vapor, which is formed by a solvent which is evaporated inside and / or outside the housing. In this case, at least water and solvent are separated from a mixed steam stream formed during heating and, after the heating process has ended, the heated active part is kept at negative pressure for drying.

Die nach Abschluss des Aufheizvorgangs beim Halten auf Unterdruck sich abkühlenden Feststoffisolationen des Aktivteils werden durch Aufsprühen von warmem Sprayöl auf die Oberflächen der Feststoffisolationen nachgeheizt. Hierdurch werden speziell die äusseren Teile der Feststoffisolationen, welche infolge Wärmeabstrahlung sowie Abdampfung von Solvent und Feuchte eine Temperaturabsenkung erlitten haben, wieder aufgeheizt. Infolge der erhöhten Temperatur der Feststoffisolationen wird in diesen Isolationen noch vorhandenes Solvent und noch vorhandene Restfeuchte effizient abgedampft: Dies verkürzt den den Trocknungsprozess ganz wesentlich und reduziert so nicht nur die Durchlaufzeit sondern auch den Energiebedarf des erfindungsgemässen Trocknungsverfahrens. Zudem wird am Boden des Gehäuses üblicherweise verbleibendes, vom Solvent aus dem Aktivteil herausgelöstes altes Imprägnieröl durch das zum Nachheizen verwendete Sprayöl verdünnt. Die durch Nachheizen mit dem erwärmten Sprayöl erreichte Temperaturerhöhung der Feststoffisolationen stellt sicher, dass Solvent und Wasser nun wesentlich rascher aus den Feststoffisolationen entfernt werden als bei einem Trocknungsverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, bei dem ein solches Nachheizen nicht vorgesehen ist. Zudem kann das gesamte Trocknungsverfahren ohne aufwendige thermische Isolation des Gehäuses durchgeführt werden.The solid insulation of the active part, which cools when it is heated to low pressure after completion of the heating process, is reheated by spraying warm spray oil onto the surfaces of the solid insulation. As a result, especially the outer parts of the solid insulation, which due to heat radiation and evaporation of solvent and moisture a Temperature reduction suffered, again heated. As a result of the increased temperature of the solid insulation, any remaining solvent and residual moisture remaining in these isolations are evaporated off efficiently. This considerably shortens the drying process and thus not only reduces the throughput time but also the energy requirement of the drying process according to the invention. In addition, at the bottom of the housing usually remaining, dissolved out of the solvent from the active part old impregnating oil is diluted by the spray oil used for reheating. The temperature increase of the solid insulation achieved by reheating with the heated spray oil ensures that the solvent and water are now removed much more quickly from the solid insulation than in a prior art drying process in which such after-heating is not provided. In addition, the entire drying process can be carried out without expensive thermal insulation of the housing.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens kann das Sprayöl vor seinem Erwärmen unterhalb der Feststoffisolationen ins Gehäuse eingeleitet werden, können in einem auf das Einleiten des Sprayöls ins Gehäuse folgenden Umwälzverfahren folgende Verfahrensschritte ausgeführt werden:

  • das ins Gehäuse eingeleitete Sprayöl wird aus dem Gehäuse abgepumpt, das abgepumpte Sprayöl wird ausserhalb des Gehäuses erwärmt, das erwärmte Sprayöl wird ins Gehäuse geführt und auf die Oberfläche der Feststoffisolationen gesprüht, und
  • das versprühte Sprayöl wird nach Abgabe von Wärme an die Feststoffisolationen im Gehäuse gesammelt und zum Umwälzen wieder aus dem Gehäuse abgepumpt, und können nach Beendigung des Umwälzverfahrens und Entfernen des Sprayöls aus dem Gehäuse die nachgeheizten Feststoffisolationen zum Trocknen weiterhin auf Unterdruck gehalten werden.
In a preferred embodiment of the method, the spray oil can be introduced into the housing before it is heated below the solid insulation, and the following method steps can be carried out in a circulation process following the introduction of the spray oil into the housing:
  • the spray oil introduced into the housing is pumped out of the housing, the pumped-off spray oil is heated outside the housing, the heated spray oil is led into the housing and sprayed onto the surface of the solid insulation, and
  • the sprayed spray oil is collected after heat is given to the solid insulation in the housing and pumped out of the housing for recirculation, and after completion of the recirculation process and removal of the spray oil from the housing, the reheated solid insulation for drying can be kept at negative pressure.

Bei dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist nach der Trocknung am Boden des Gehäuses möglicherweise verbleibendes, durch das Solvent aus den Feststoffisolationen herausgewaschenes altes Imprägnieröl (Altöl) nur kleine Anteile an Solvent auf, da allfällig noch vorhandenes Solvent beim Umwälzen zusammen mit dem am Boden des Gehäuses gesammelten Sprayöl als Gemisch abgepumpt wird und dieses Gemisch ausserhalb des Gehäuses erwärmt und anschliessend im Gehäuse auf die Feststoffisolationen aufgesprüht wird. Beim Sprühvorgang verdampft das noch vorhandene Solvent und reduziert sich so der Solventanteil am Altöl ganz wesentlich.In this preferred embodiment, after drying at the bottom of the housing possibly remaining, washed out by the solvent from the solid insulation old impregnating oil (waste oil) only small proportions of solvent, since any still existing solvent when circulating together with the collected at the bottom of the housing spray oil is pumped off as a mixture and this mixture is heated outside the housing and then sprayed onto the solid insulation in the housing. During the spraying process, the remaining solvent evaporates and the proportion of solvent in the used oil is reduced considerably.

Um die Wirkungsweise der vorgenannten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens, insbesondere in Hinblick auf eine kurze Durchlaufzeit und einen reduzierten Energieverbrauch bei gleichzeitig geringer Restfeuchte der Feststoffisolationen, zu verbessern, können die beim Halten auf Unterdruck sich abkühlenden Feststoffisolationen durch Aufsprühen von erwärmtem Sprayöl mindestens ein zweites Mal nachgeheizt werden. Durch das zwei- resp. mehrmalige Wiederholen des Nachheizens der Feststoffisolationen wird ein am Boden des im allgemeinen nicht vollständig entleerbaren Gehäuses sich sammelndes Gemisch aus Sprayöl und altem Imprägnieröl weiter so verdünnt wird, dass der Altölanteil auf vorteilhaft kleine Werte absinkt.In order to improve the mode of action of the abovementioned embodiment of the process according to the invention, in particular with regard to a short throughput time and reduced energy consumption with low residual moisture content of the solid insulation, the solid insulation which cools when held to negative pressure can be reheated at least a second time by spraying heated spray oil become. By the two resp. repeated repeating the reheating of the solid insulation is at the bottom of the generally not completely emptied housing collecting mixture of spray oil and old impregnating oil is further diluted so that the waste oil content drops to advantageously small values.

In verfahrenstechnisch vorteilhafter Weise kann das fürs Sprühen benötigte Sprayöl vor seinem Erwärmen durch den Unterdruck ins Gehäuse eingesaugt werden.In procedurally advantageous manner, the spray oil needed for spraying can be sucked into the housing before being heated by the negative pressure.

Ein besonders guter Wärmeübergang vom erwärmten Sprayöl auf die nachzuheizenden Feststoffisolationen wird erreicht, wenn das Sprayöl vorwiegend von oben und/oder von der Seite auf die Feststoffisolationen gesprüht wird.A particularly good heat transfer from the heated spray oil to the solid insulation to be reheated is achieved when the spray oil is sprayed mainly from above and / or from the side of the solid insulation.

Eine zusätzliche Erhöhung der Effizienz des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird erreicht, wenn das Solvent ausserhalb des Gehäuses erwärmt und in einen im Inneren des Gehäuses angeordneten Strömungskanal eingespritzt wird. Hierbei wird der Strömungskanal mit Vorteil so ausgerichtet, dass eine beim Einspritzen des erwärmten Solvents sich bildende, Solventdampf enthaltende Strömung in einen zwischen der Innenwand des Gehäuses und den Feststoffisolationen liegenden freien Raum gerichtet ist.An additional increase in the efficiency of the inventive method is achieved when the solvent is heated outside the housing and is injected into a arranged in the interior of the housing flow channel. In this case, the flow channel is advantageously oriented in such a way that a flow containing solvent vapor during injection of the heated solvent is directed into a free space lying between the inner wall of the housing and the solid insulation.

Nach Beenden des Nachheizens zum definitiven Befüllen des Gehäuses vorgesehenes Imprägieröl kann mit einer zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens vorgesehenen Vorrichtung ausserhalb des Gehäuses erwärmt und entgast werden.After completion of the reheating for definitive filling of the housing provided impregnating oil can be heated and degassed with a device provided for performing this method device outside the housing.

Die zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens vorgesehene Vorrichtung kann neben dem das Aktivteil aufnehmenden Gehäuse auch eine mit dem Inneren des Gehäuses verbundene Vakuumanlage, einen innerhalb oder ausserhalb des Gehäuses angeordneten Solventdampferzeuger und eine ausserhalb des Gehäuses angeordnete Kondensationsvorrichtung, die mit dem Inneren des Gehäuses verbunden ist, enthalten sowie eine Ölsprayanlage mit einer im Inneren des Gehäuses vorgesehenen Spraydüsenanordnung und einer Pumpe zum Fördern des ausserhalb des Gehäuses erwärmten Sprayöls in die Spraydüsenanordnung.The apparatus provided for carrying out the method according to the invention may comprise, in addition to the housing receiving the active part, a vacuum system connected to the interior of the housing, a solvent steam generator arranged inside or outside the housing and a condensation device arranged outside the housing, which is connected to the interior of the housing. contain and an oil spray system with a provided inside the housing spray nozzle assembly and a pump for conveying the heated outside the housing spray oil into the spray nozzle assembly.

Die Ölsprayanlage kann ferner eine der Kondensationsvorrichtung vorgeschaltete luftgekühlte Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Sprayöl und/oder zum Kondensieren von Solventdampf aufweisen.The oil spray system may further comprise an air-cooled device preceding the condensation device for separating spray oil and / or for condensing solvent vapor.

In der luftgekühlten Vorrichtung erwärmte Luft kann an eine als Boden ausgebildete Aussenwand des Gehäuses geführt werden. Die Wärmeabstrahlung des Gehäuses kann so reduziert und dementsprechend Energie eingespart werden.Air heated in the air cooled device may be routed to an outer wall of the housing formed as a bottom. The heat radiation of the housing can be reduced and energy saved accordingly.

Der Solventdampferzeuger kann innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet sein und einen nach Art einer Venturidüse ausgebildeten Strömungskanal sowie einen das von aussen zugeführte, erwärmte Solvent aufnehmenden Solventverteilkanal aufweisen mit Solventeinspritzöffnungen, die in den Strömungskanal geführt sind. Die Solventeinspritzöffnungen können so ausgerichtet sein, dass eine beim Austreten aus den Öffnungen gebildete, Solventdampf enthaltende Strömung in einen zwischen der Innenwand des Gehäuses und den Feststoffisolationen liegenden freien Raum gerichtet ist.The solvent steam generator can be arranged within the housing and have a flow channel configured in the manner of a Venturi nozzle and a solvent distribution channel receiving the externally supplied, heated solvent with solvent injection openings which are guided into the flow channel. The solvent injection ports may be oriented so that a solvent-vapor-containing flow formed on exit from the ports is directed into a clearance between the inner wall of the housing and the solid insulation.

Die Trocknungsvorrichtung kann auch einen das Solvent ausserhalb des Gehäuses erwärmenden und mit dem Solventverdampfer verbindbaren Erhitzer aufweisen, der nach Unterbrechen der Solventzufuhr mit der Ölsprayanlage verbindbar ist.The drying device can also have a heater which heats the outside of the housing and can be connected to the solvent evaporator, which can be connected to the oil spray system after the solvent supply has been interrupted.

Die Ölsprayanlage kann eine dem Erhitzer vorgeschaltete Vorrichtung zum Entgasen des Imprägnieröls aufweisen. Dadurch ist der Einsatz einer zusätzlichen Die Trocknungsvorrichtung kann eine dem Erhitzer nachgeschaltete Vorrichtung zum Entgasen des Imprägnieröls aufweisen. Dadurch ist der Einsatz einer zusätzlichen Ölaufbereitungsanlage nicht notwendig und es werden Betriebskosten und Investitionen eingespart.The oil spray system may comprise a heater upstream of the device for degassing the impregnating oil. This is the use of an additional The drying device can have a device downstream of the heater for degassing the impregnating oil. As a result, the use of an additional oil treatment plant is not necessary and it saves operating costs and investment.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Anhand von Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung nachfolgend näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform einer Trocknungsvorrichtung, in der das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zur Trocknung der Feststoffisolationen eines mit Imprägnieröl füllbaren elektrischen Gehäuses durchgeführt wird,
Fig.2
eine gegenüber der erste Ausführungsform ergänzte zweite Ausführungsform der Trocknungsvorrichtung, die zusätzlich eine Ölentgasungsstufe sowie einen Öllagertank für das Imprägnieröl aufweist, und
Fig.3
ein Diagramm, in dem der Verlauf wesentlicher Verfahrensparameter des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens, wie der Druck im Gehäuse des elektrischen Gerätes und die Temperatur der Feststoffisolation während der verschiedenen Prozessphasen dargestellt sind.
With reference to drawings, the invention will be explained in more detail below. Hereby shows:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of a drying apparatus in which the inventive method for drying the solid insulation of an impregnated with impregnating oil electrical housing is performed,
Fig.2
a comparison with the first embodiment supplemented second embodiment of the drying device, which additionally has a Ölentgasungsstufe and an oil storage tank for the impregnating oil, and
Figure 3
a diagram in which the course of significant process parameters of the inventive method, such as the pressure in the housing of the electrical device and the temperature of the solid insulation during the various stages of the process are shown.

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In allen Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen auch gleichwirkende Teile. Die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Trocknungsvorrichtungen dienen dem Trocknen eines Feststoffisolationen 1.5 enthaltenden Aktivteils 1.1 eines als Transformator ausgeführten elektrischen Gerätes in dessen vakuumdicht ausgeführten Gehäuse 1.In all figures, like reference numerals designate like-acting parts. The in the FIGS. 1 and 2 Drying devices shown serve the drying of a solid 1.1 containing active part 1.1 of a designed as a transformer electrical device in the vacuum-tight running housing. 1

Zum Aufheizen des Aktivteils 1.1 kann in einem Erhitzer 4 wahlweise Solvent oder Sprayöl erwärmt werden. Das Solvent ist im allgemeinen ein Leichtöl mit einem 1.5 vorhandenes Imprägnieröl, mit dem das Gehäuse 1 des Transformators während seines Betriebs gefüllt ist, und das vorm Trocken des Aktivteils 1.1 aus dem Transformatorgehäuse 1 entfernt wird. Das für die Aufheizung des Aktivteils 1.1 notwendige Solvent wird aus einem Solventlagertank 9 via ein Absperrventil 20.2 mit einer Förderpumpe 8, einem Absperrventil 20.3, einer Solventzuführleitung 4.2.1 dem Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 zugeführt. Das erhitzte Solvent wird über ein Absperrventil 20.10 durch einen Abdeckflansch 1.3 zu einem innerhalb des Transformatorgehäuses 1 angeordneten Solventverteilkanal 5 mit Einspritzöffnungen 5.1 geführt. Beim Einströmen von erhitztem Solvent in einen den Strömungskanal 6 verdampft es teilweise. Der Solventverteil- 5 und der Strömungskanal 6 wirken daher quasi als Verdampfer.To heat the active part 1.1 can be heated in a heater 4 either solvent or spray oil. The solvent is generally a light oil with a 1.5 existing impregnating oil, with which the housing 1 of the transformer is filled during its operation, and which is removed from the transformer housing 1 prior to drying of the active part 1.1. The solvent necessary for the heating of the active part 1.1 is fed from a solvent storage tank 9 via a shut-off valve 20.2 with a feed pump 8, a shut-off valve 20.3, a solvent feed line 4.2.1 to the solvent / oil heater 4. The heated solvent is passed via a shut-off valve 20.10 through a cover flange 1.3 to a disposed within the transformer housing 1 Solventverteilkanal 5 with injection ports 5.1. When heated solvent flows into a flow channel 6, it partially evaporates. The Solventverteil- 5 and the flow channel 6 therefore act more or less as an evaporator.

Der Solventverteilkanal 5 kann mit Vorteil aus freiliegenden Rohren mit jeweils mindestens einer der Einspritzöffnungen 5.1 und/oder Einspritzdüsen gebildet sein. Im Bereich der Einspritzöffnungen 5.1 liegt der engste Querschnitt bei dem nach Art einer Venturidüse ausgeführten Strömungskanal 6, welcher aus Kostengründen sowie einfachem Einbau in das Transformatorgehäuse 1 auch als Venturirohr ausgeführt werden kann. Dabei ist der Strömungskanal 6 so gerichtet, dass eine aus dem Strömungskanal 6 austretende und gegebenenfalls noch Solvent und Altöl enthaltene Solventdampfströmung in den freien Raum zwischen Transformatorgehäuse 1 und Aktivteil 1.1 austritt.The solvent distribution channel 5 can be advantageously formed from exposed tubes with at least one of the injection openings 5.1 and / or injection nozzles. In the region of the injection openings 5.1, the narrowest cross-section is in the manner of a Venturi nozzle designed flow channel 6, which can be performed for cost reasons and ease of installation in the transformer housing 1 as Venturi tube. In this case, the flow channel 6 is directed so that an emerging from the flow channel 6 and possibly still solvent and waste oil contained solvent vapor flow exiting into the free space between the transformer housing 1 and active part 1.1.

Vom Erhitzer 4 führt eine nicht bezeichnete Verbindungsleitung zu einem Ölabsperrventil 20.17. Diese Ventil ist über eine durch einen Abdeckflansch 1.3 geführte Ölverbindungsleitung 4.3 mit Ölspraydüsen 2 verbunden, die im Transformatorgehäuses 1 angeordnet sind. Die Ölspraydüsen 2 sind so gerichtet, dass zum Ölsprühen verwendetes Isolieröl, nachfolgend Sprayöl genannt, weitgehend den ganzen oberen Teil des Aktivteils 1.1 besprüht.From the heater 4, an unspecified connection line leads to an oil shut-off valve 20.17. This valve is connected via a guided through a cover flange 1.3 oil connection line 4.3 with oil spray nozzles 2, which are arranged in the transformer housing 1. The oil spray nozzles 2 are directed so that used for oil spraying insulating oil, hereinafter called spray oil, sprayed substantially the entire upper part of the active part 1.1.

Das Transformatorgehäuse 1 weist unten in seinem Boden eine Ablauföffnung 1.4 für kondensiertes Solvent auf, sowie für gegebenenfalls vom Solvent aus den Feststoffisolationen ausgewaschenes Altöl wie auch für das Sprayöl. Die Ablauföffnung 1.4 ist über ein Absperrventil 20.8, einen Ablaufbehälter 7 und ein Absperrventil 20.1 mit einer Förderpumpe 8 verbunden. Der Austritt der Förderpumpe 8 ist über ein Absperrventil 20.3 mit dem Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 verbunden oder alternativ über ein Absperrventil 20.5 mit einen Sprayöltank 3 oder alternativ über ein Absperrventil 20.6 mit einem Solventvorratstank 9 oder über ein Absperrventil 20.7 mit einem Öltank 19 zur Aufnahme des gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Altöls, welches beim Trocknen des Transformatoraktivteils 1.1 durch das Solvent aus den Feststoffisolationen 1.5 herausgelöst und nachfolgend durch Destillation vom Solvent abgetrennt wurde.The transformer housing 1 has at the bottom in its bottom a drain opening 1.4 for condensed solvent, as well as optionally washed by the solvent from the solid insulation waste oil as well as the spray oil. The drain opening 1.4 is connected via a shut-off valve 20.8, a drain tank 7 and a shut-off valve 20.1 with a feed pump 8. The outlet of the feed pump 8 is connected via a shut-off valve 20.3 with the solvent / oil heater. 4 connected or alternatively via a shut-off valve 20.5 with a spray oil tank 3 or alternatively via a shut-off valve 20.6 with a Solventvorratstank 9 or via a check valve 20.7 with an oil tank 19 for receiving the possibly existing waste oil, which during drying of the transformer active 1.1 by the solvent from the solid 1.5 was removed and subsequently separated by distillation from the solvent.

Das Transformatorgehäuse 1 ist über eine zunächst Mischdampf führende Leitung 10, ein Dampfabsperrventil 20, einen luftgekühlten Kondensator/Abscheider 11 und einen Mischdampfkondensator 16 mit einer Vakuumanlage 18 verbunden. Der Mischdampfkondensator 16 weist zwei Ablaufstutzen auf, von denen der eine mit der Vakuumanlage 18 und der andere über ein die Entleerung von Solvent und Wasser steuerndes Vakuumabsperrventil 21 mit einem ein Wasserablassventil 22 enthaltenden Trennbehälter 17 verbunden ist.The transformer housing 1 is connected via a first mixing steam leading line 10, a Dampfabsperrventil 20, an air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and a mixed steam condenser 16 with a vacuum system 18. The mixed steam condenser 16 has two discharge nozzles, one of which is connected to the vacuum system 18 and the other via a vacuum shut-off valve 21 controlling the emptying of solvent and water with a separating container 17 containing a water drain valve 22.

Der luftgekühlte Kondensator/Abscheider 11 weist einen der Luftzuführung von einem Ventilator 11.2 dienenden Anschlussstutzen sowie einen weiteren Anschlussstutzen auf, durch den die erwärmte Luft über eine Heissluftleitung 11.3 an den Boden des Transformatorgehäuse 1 geführt ist. Allfällig kondensierter Solvent/Öldampf wird via Ablaufstutzen 11.5, Solvent/Öl-Abtropfleitung 11.6 und Absperrventil 20.9 dem Ablaufbehälter 7 zugeführt.The air-cooled condenser / separator 11 has a connection to the air supply from a fan 11.2 and a further connecting piece, through which the heated air is guided via a hot air line 11.3 to the bottom of the transformer housing 1. Any condensed solvent / oil vapor is fed via drain port 11.5, solvent / oil Abtropfleitung 11.6 and check valve 20.9 the drain tank 7.

Bei der aus Fig.2 ersichtlichen zweiten Ausführungsform der Trocknungsvorrichtung sind zusätzlich ein Imprägnieröltank 13, eine Ölentgasungstufe 14 und eine Ölförderpumpe 15 vorgesehen. Durch diese zusätzlichen Mittel kann der Transformator nach der Trocknung im Feld mit minimalem apparativem Aufwand zusätzlich mit entgastem Imprägnieröl gefüllt werden. Der Tank 13 ist via Leitung 13.1, Ölabsperrventil 20.11, Förderpumpe 8, Absperrventil 20.3, Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 und Ölabsperrventil 20.15 mit der Ölentgasungsstufe 14 verbunden. Das erwärmte und entgaste Imprägnieröl wird mit der Pumpe15 über ein Ölabsperrventil 20.13 und das Absperrventil 20.8 in das Transformatorgehäuse 1 eingebracht. Das zulässige Ölniveau im Transformatorgehäuse 1 wird mit einem Niveauschalter 12.1 überwacht.At the Fig.2 apparent second embodiment of the drying device an impregnating oil tank 13, a Ölentgasungstufe 14 and an oil feed pump 15 are additionally provided. By means of this additional means, the transformer can be additionally filled with degassed impregnating oil after drying in the field with minimal expenditure on equipment. The tank 13 is connected to the oil degassing stage 14 via line 13.1, oil shut-off valve 20.11, feed pump 8, shut-off valve 20.3, solvent / oil heater 4 and oil shut-off valve 20.15. The heated and degassed impregnating oil is introduced into the transformer housing 1 with the pump 15 via an oil shut-off valve 20.13 and the shut-off valve 20.8. The permissible oil level in the transformer housing 1 is monitored by means of a level switch 12.1.

Die Wirkungsweise des erfindungsgemässen Trocknungsverfahrens und der zu dessen Durchführung vorgesehen erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung ist wie folgt:

  • Zunächst werden mit der Vakuumanlage 18 bei geöffnetem Dampfabsperrventil 20 und geöffnetem Absperrventil 20.8 das Transformatorgehäuse 1, der luftgekühlte Kondensator/Abscheider 11, der Mischdampfkondensator 16 und der Ablaufbehälter 7 evakuiert. Zugleich wird vom Solventvorratstank 9 eine genügende Menge Solvent über das Absperrventil 20.2, die Solventzuführleitung 4.2 und das Absperrventil 20.1 in den Ablaufbehälter 7 mittels Druckdifferenz eingesaugt und mit dem Füllstandsindikator 7.1 überwacht. In einer nun folgenden aus Fig.3 ersichtlichen Aufheizphase wird das im Ablaufbehälter 7 vorhandene Solvent via Absperrventil 20.3 und Solventverbindungsleitung 4.2.1 mit der Förderpumpe 8 dem Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 zugeführt, auf eine etwas oberhalb einer vorgegebenen Trocknungstemperatur liegende Temperatur erhitzt und via Absperrventil 20.10 durch den Abdeckflansch 1.3 zu dem innerhalb des Transformatorgehäuse 1 angeordneten Solventverteilkanal 5 gepumpt und durch die Einspritzöffnungen 5.1 in dem Strömungskanal 6 versprüht.
The mode of action of the drying method according to the invention and the device provided for carrying it out according to the invention are as follows:
  • First, the transformer housing 1, the air-cooled condenser / separator 11, the mixed steam condenser 16 and the drain tank 7 are evacuated with the vacuum system 18 with the steam shut-off valve 20 open and the shut-off valve 20.8 open. At the same time, the solvent supply tank 9 draws in a sufficient amount of solvent through the shut-off valve 20.2, the solvent supply line 4.2 and the shut-off valve 20.1 into the drainage tank 7 by means of a pressure difference and monitors it with the filling level indicator 7.1. In a now following off Figure 3 apparent heating phase, the existing in the drain tank 7 Solvent via shut-off valve 20.3 and 4.2.1 Solvent connection line with the pump 8 supplied to the solvent / oil heater 4, heated to a temperature slightly above a predetermined drying temperature and via shut-off valve 20.10 through the cover 1.3 to the within the Transformer housing 1 arranged Solventverteilkanal 5 pumped and sprayed through the injection openings 5.1 in the flow channel 6.

Das erhitzte Solvent befindet sich beim Erhitzen auf einem höheren Druck. Beim Austritt des Solventes aus den Einspritzöffnungen 5.1 sinkt der Druck im Solvent stark ab, dabei verdampft ein Teil des erhitzten Solventes unter gleichzeitiger Abkühlung um den Betrag seiner Verdampfungswärme. Der so entstehende Solventdampf kondensiert am Aktivteil 1.1 und erwärmt dieses unter gleichzeitiger Verdampfung des in den Feststoffisolationen 1.5 enthaltenen Wassers, was zur Bildung eines Solvent- und Wasserdampf enthaltenden Mischdampfes mit einem kleinen Anteil an Leckluft im Transformatorgehäuse 1 führt. Dieser Mischdampf wird mit der Vakuumanlage 18 via Dampfabsperrventil 20 abgesaugt, allfällige Öldämpfe und Öltropfen werden im luftgekühlten Kondensator/Abscheider11 abgeschieden und Solvent und Wasserdämpfe im Mischdampfkondensator 16 kondensiert. Das Kondensat fliesst via Vakuumabsperrventil 21 dem Trennbehälter 17 zu. Das getrennte Solvent wird mit der Förderpumpe 8.1 via Absperrventil 20.4 wieder dem Solventkreislauf zugeführt und im Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 erwärmt. Das getrennte Wasser wird über das Wasserablassventil 22 entleert. Im Transformatorgehäuse 1 anfallendes und gegebenenfalls Altöl enthaltendes Solventkondensat fliesst über die Ablauföffnung 1.4 und das geöffnete Absperrventil 20.8 dem Ablaufbehälter 7 zu und wird mit der Förderpumpe 8 via Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 zur Verdampfung wieder dem Solventverteilkanal 5 respektive den Solventeinspritzöffnungen 5.1 zugeführt.The heated solvent is at a higher pressure when heated. When the solvent exits the injection openings 5.1, the pressure in the solvent drops sharply, with some of the heated solvent evaporating while cooling down by the amount of its heat of vaporization. The resulting solvent vapor condenses on the active part 1.1 and heats it with simultaneous evaporation of the water contained in the solid insulation 1.5, resulting in the formation of a solvent and steam containing mixed steam with a small amount of air leakage in the transformer housing 1. This mixed steam is sucked off with the vacuum system 18 via Dampfabsperrventil 20, any oil vapor and oil drops are deposited in the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and condensed solvent and water vapor in the mixed steam condenser 16. The condensate flows via Vakuumabsperrventil 21 to the separation tank 17. The separate solvent is fed back to the solvent circuit with the feed pump 8.1 via shut-off valve 20.4 and heated in the solvent / oil heater 4. The separated water is discharged via the water drain valve 22. Solvent condensate obtained in the transformer housing 1 and possibly containing waste oil flows via the drain opening 1.4 and the open shut-off valve 20.8 to the drain tank 7 and is supplied to the feed pump 8 via the solvent / oil heater 4 for evaporation back to the Solventverteilkanal 5 respectively the Solventeinspritzöffnungen 5.1.

Falls das Solventniveau im Ablaufbehälter 7 zu tief absinkt, wird via Absperrventil 20.2 zusätzliches Solvent vom Solventvorratstank 9 eingesaugt bis der Füllstandsindikator 7.1 wieder überflutet ist.If the level of solvent in the drain tank 7 drops too low, additional solvent is sucked in via the shut-off valve 20.2 from the solvent storage tank 9 until the filling level indicator 7.1 is flooded again.

Das Solvent wird durch die Solventeinspritzöffnungen 5.1 mit Vorteil an der engsten Stelle in den Strömungskanal 6 eingespritzt. Es entstehen so eine besonders hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und ein dementsprechend grosser Unterdruck. Dies führt zu einer Jet-Wirkung, durch die der im Transformatorgehäuse 1 vorhandene Mischdampf in den Strömungskanal 6 eingesaugt wird. Der eingesaugte Mischdampf mischt sich mit dem mit hoher Geschwindigkeit eingespritzten Solvent und dem beim Einspritzen gebildeten Solventdampf. Dies erzeugt den vorteilhaften Effekt, dass einerseits eine schnelle und genaue Temperaturkontrolle des in das Transformatorgehäuse 1 eintretenden Solventdampfes erreicht wird, und dass andererseits durch Einsaugen des Mischdampfs in den Strömungskanal 6, der Mischdampf mit erhöhter Geschwindigkeit das im Transformatorgehäuse 1 vorhandene Aktivteil 1.1 turbulent umströmt .The solvent is injected through the solvent injection openings 5.1 with advantage at the narrowest point in the flow channel 6. This results in a particularly high flow velocity and a correspondingly high negative pressure. This leads to a jet effect, through which the mixed steam present in the transformer housing 1 is sucked into the flow channel 6. The drawn-in mixed steam mixes with the high-speed injected solvent and the solvent vapor formed during injection. This produces the advantageous effect that, on the one hand, rapid and accurate temperature control of the solvent vapor entering the transformer housing 1 is achieved, and, on the other hand, that the mixed steam at increased speed flows around the active part 1.1 present in the transformer housing 1 turbulently by sucking in the mixed steam into the flow channel 6.

Durch die Anordnung von mindestens einem Strömungskanal 6 in der Art, dass der austretende Solventdampf in den vorhandenen freien Raum zwischen Aktivteil 1.1 und Innenwand des Transformatorgehäuse 1 einströmt, entsteht eine Solventdampfströmung hoher Geschwindigkeit innerhalb des Transformatorgehäuse 1, welche das Aktivteil 1.1 überall mit turbulenter, fast gleichmässiger Solventdampfströmung umfliesst, wodurch eine gleichmässige Aufheizung des Aktivteil 1.1 wesentlich beschleunigt wird.Due to the arrangement of at least one flow channel 6 in such a way that the exiting solvent vapor flows into the existing free space between the active part 1.1 and the inner wall of the transformer housing 1, a solvent vapor flow of high speed arises within the transformer housing 1, which the active part 1.1 everywhere with turbulent, almost flows evenly Solventdampfströmung, whereby a uniform heating of the active part 1.1 is significantly accelerated.

Da die Feststoffisolationen 1.5 des Aktivteils 1.1 gegebenenfalls noch Altöl enthalten, wird dieses vom kondensierenden Solvent ausgewaschen und vermischt sich mit dem Solvent zu einem Solvent/Ölgemisch.Since the solid insulation 1.5 of the active part 1.1 possibly still contain waste oil, this is washed out by the condensing solvent and mixed with the solvent to a solvent / oil mixture.

Beim Erreichen einer minimalen Temperatur der Feststoffisolation 1.5, wird die periodische Solventzuführung via Absperrventil 20.2 unterbrochen, das heisst das Absperrventil 20.2 geschlossen und eine aus Fig.3 ersichtliche Phase D eingeleitet, in der das Solvent/Ölgemisch wie vorgängig beschrieben umgewälzt wird, wobei kontinuierlich Mischdampf entnommen wird. Da der Ölanteil im Strömungskanal 6 nicht verdampft, steigt bei kontinuierlicher Entnahme von Mischdampf aus dem Transformatorgehäuse 1 und Kondensation des entnommenen Mischdampfs im luftgekühlten Kondensator/Abscheider 11 und im Mischdampfkondensator 16 der Altölanteil im Transformatorgehäuse 1 stetig solange an, bis praktisch nur noch reines Altöl vorliegt. Dieses Öl wird mit der Förderpumpe 8 während der Phase D via Absperrventil 20.7 in den Öltank 19 entleert.Upon reaching a minimum temperature of the solid insulation 1.5, the periodic Solventzuführung via shut-off valve 20.2 is interrupted, that is Shut-off valve 20.2 closed and one off Figure 3 apparent phase D is initiated, in which the solvent / oil mixture is circulated as described above, wherein mixed steam is removed continuously. Since the oil content in the flow channel 6 does not evaporate, with continuous removal of mixed steam from the transformer housing 1 and condensation of the extracted mixed steam in the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and mixed steam condenser 16, the waste oil content in the transformer housing 1 steadily increases until practically only pure waste oil is present , This oil is emptied with the feed pump 8 during phase D via shut-off valve 20.7 in the oil tank 19.

Danach wird in einer aus Fig.3 ersichtlichen Phase H2 über das Solventeinlassventil 20.2, die Förderpumpe 8, den Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4, das nun wieder geöffnete Absperrventil 20.10 und die Solventeinspritzöffnungen 5.1 wieder Solvent in das Transformatorgehäuse 1 eingeführt und in vorgängig erwähnter Weise umgewälzt und verdampft.After that, in one Figure 3 apparent phase H2 through the Solventeinlaßventil 20.2, the feed pump 8, the solvent / Ölerhitzer 4, the now open shut-off valve 20.10 and the Solventeinspritzöffnungen 5.1 again introduced solvent in the transformer housing 1 and circulated in the aforementioned manner and evaporated.

Sobald die Feststoffisolationen 1.5 auf eine Temperatur aufgeheizt sind, die ausreicht zur Trocknung.resp. zum Auswaschen des gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Altöls, kann wieder eine (in Fig.3 nicht dargestellte) Phase D eingeleitet werden, in der wie zuvor beschrieben ohne Zuführung von Solvent das Solvent/Ölgemisch umgewälzt und danach allfällig vorhandenes altes Imprägnieröl entleert wird.Once the solid insulation 1.5 are heated to a temperature sufficient for Trocknung.resp. to wash out any existing waste oil, can again (in Figure 3 not shown) are introduced phase D, in which, as described above, without feeding of solvent, the solvent / oil mixture circulated and then any existing existing impregnating oil is emptied.

In einer aus Fig.3 ersichtlichen, durch Abschalten der Förderpumpe 8 eingeleiteten Phase V1 wird der im Transformatorgehäuse 1 vorhandene Mischdampf dem luftgekühlten Kondensator/Abscheider 11 und dem Mischdampfkondensator 9 zugeführt. Allfällig mitgerissene Öldämpfe werden im luftgekühlten Kondensator/Abscheider 11 durch die Abscheide/Prallbleche abgeschieden. Mittels Kondensation von Solvent und Wasserdampf im Mischdampfkondensator 16 wird der Druck im Transformatorgehäuse 1 auf so tiefe Werte abgesenkt bis ein grosser Teil der Feuchte und des Solventgehalts in der Feststoffisolstion 1.5 abgedampft ist.In one Figure 3 apparent, introduced by switching off the feed pump 8 phase V1 of the existing in the transformer housing 1 mixing steam is supplied to the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and the mixed steam condenser 9. Eventually entrained oil vapors are deposited in the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 through the separators / baffles. By means of condensation of solvent and water vapor in the mixed steam condenser 16, the pressure in the transformer housing 1 is lowered to such a low level until a large part of the moisture and the solvent content in the solid solution 1.5 has evaporated.

Während der Phase V1 kühlt sich die Feststoffisolation 1.5 infolge Abdampfung von Feuchte und Solvent aus der Feststoffisolation1.5 und Wärmeabstrahlung des Aktivteils 1.1 und des Transformatorgehäuse 1 an die Umgebung so weit ab, dass die Abdampfung von Feuchte und Solvent infolge zu tiefer Temperatur der Feststoffisolation1.5 stark reduziert wird.During phase V1, the solid insulation 1.5 cools due to evaporation of moisture and solvent from the Feststoffisolation1.5 and heat radiation of the Active part 1.1 and the transformer housing 1 to the environment from so far that the evaporation of moisture and solvent due to low temperature of Feststoffisolation1.5 is greatly reduced.

In einer aus Fig.3 ersichtlichen Phase OF wird das Transformatorgehäuse 1 in vorgängig beschriebener Art und Weise wie in der Phase V1 auf Unterdruck gehalten. Danach wird infolge Druckdifferenz zwischen Transformatorgehäuse 1 und Sprayöltank 3 Sprayöl vom Tank 3 via Ölabsperrventil 20.16, Ölfilter 3.2, Sprayölzuführleitung 3.1, Ölabsperrventil 20.14, und Absperrventil 20.8 in das Transformatorgehäuse 1 eingezogen und zwar solange bis der untere Niveauschalter 12 überflutet ist.In one Figure 3 apparent phase OF, the transformer housing 1 is maintained in the manner previously described as in the phase V1 to negative pressure. Thereafter, due to pressure difference between the transformer housing 1 and 3 spray oil tank spray oil from the tank 3 via Ölabsperrventil 20.16, oil filter 3.2, spray oil 3.1, Ölabsperrventil 20.14, and check valve 20.8 fed into the transformer housing 1 until the lower level switch 12 is flooded.

In einer aus Fig.3 ersichtlichen Phase OS wird das Sprayöl via Absperrventil 20.8, Ablaufbehälter 7 und Absperrventil 20.1 der Förderpumpe 8 zugeführt und danach via Absperrventil 20.3 und Solventverbindungsleitung 4.2.1 in den Solventer/Ölerhitzer 4 gefördert. Im Erhitzer 4 wird das Sprayöl auf einen etwas oberhalb der Isolationstemperatur liegenden Wert erhitzt und via Absperrventil 20.17 und Ölverbindungsleitung 4.3 zu den innerhalb des Transformatorgehäuses 1 angeordneten Sprayöldüsen geführt und und über die Oberfläche des Aktivteils 1.1 versprüht. Dadurch erhöht sich die Temperatur der Feststoffisolationen 1.5 wieder auf solche Werte, dass das restliche Solvent sowie Feuchte aus der Feststoffisolation 1.5 abdampft. Das im Transformatorgehäuse 1 vorhandene Solvent/Wasserdampf Gemisch wird in gleicher Art und Weise wie zuvor bei der Phase H1 beschrieben von der Vakuumanlage 18 abgesaugt. Allfällig vorhandene Öldämpfe und öltropfen werden im luftgekühlten Kondensator/Abscheider 11 abgeschieden und via Solvent/Ölabtropfleitung 11.6 und Absperrventil 20.9 wieder dem Ölkreislauf zugeführt.In one Figure 3 apparent phase OS, the spray oil via shut-off valve 20.8, drain tank 7 and shut-off valve 20.1 of the feed pump 8 is supplied and then promoted via shut-off valve 20.3 and 4.2.1 Solventverbindungsleitung in the solvent / Öhler 4. In the heater 4, the spray oil is heated to a value slightly above the insulation temperature and passed via shut-off valve 20.17 and oil connection line 4.3 to the arranged within the transformer housing 1 spray oil nozzles and sprayed over the surface of the active part 1.1. As a result, the temperature of the solid insulation 1.5 increases again to such values that the residual solvent and moisture evaporates from the solid insulation 1.5. The present in the transformer housing 1 solvent / water vapor mixture is sucked in the same manner as previously described in the phase H1 of the vacuum system 18. Any existing oil vapors and oil drops are deposited in the air-cooled condenser / separator 11 and fed back via solvent / Ölabtropfleitung 11.6 and check valve 20.9 the oil circuit.

Um den Druck im Transformatorgehäuse 1 auf tiefere Werte abzusenken als während der Ölspraytrockung erreichbar ist, wird in der aus Fig.3 ersichtlichen Phase V2 die Ölzirkulation respektive das Ölsprayen unterbrochen und das im Transformatorgehäuse 1 vorhandene Öl weitgehend mit der Förderpumpe 8 via Absperrventil 20.5 in den Öltank 3 entleert. Danach wird während der Phase V2 durch den tieferen Druck im Transformatorgehäuse 1 und die erhöhte Temperatur der Feststoffisolationen 1.5 die Abdampfung des Wassers und des Solvents aus den Feststoffisolationen 1.5 wieder beschleunigt und dadurch kürzere Trocknungszeiten sowie kleinere Feuchtigkeits- und Solventgehalte in den Feststoffisolationen 1.5 erreicht.In order to lower the pressure in the transformer housing 1 to lower values than can be achieved during the oil spray drying, is in the Figure 3 apparent phase V2, the oil circulation respectively the oil spraying interrupted and the existing in the transformer housing 1 oil largely with the feed pump 8 via shut-off valve 20.5 emptied into the oil tank 3. Thereafter, during the phase V2 by the lower pressure in the transformer housing 1 and the elevated temperature of the solid insulation 1.5, the evaporation of the water and the solvent from accelerates the solid insulation 1.5 again, thereby achieving shorter drying times and smaller moisture and solvent contents in the solid insulation 1.5.

Durch mehrmaliges Einfüllen von Sprayöl ins Transformatorgehäuse 1 und Ölsprayen mit erhitztem Öl in der vorgängig beschriebenen Art und Weise mit anschliessender Phase V2 kann die Temperatur der Isolationen 1.5 immer wieder auf die gewünschten Werte erhöht und eine optimale Trochnungsqualität erreicht werden. Durch mehrfache Wiederholung von Ölentleerung und Ölsprayen wird das jeweils am Boden des im Normalfall nicht komplett entleerbaren Transformatorgehäuses 1 sich ansammelnde und aus dem Aktivteil 1.1 ausgewaschene alte Imprägnierölt so weit verdünnt, dass keine negativen Eigenschaften bei der Neufüllung des Transformatorgehäuses 1 mit aufbereitetem Öl mehr vorliegen.By repeated filling of spray oil in the transformer housing 1 and oil spraying with heated oil in the manner previously described with subsequent phase V2, the temperature of the insulation 1.5 can repeatedly be increased to the desired values and optimum Trochnungsqualität be achieved. By repeated repetition of oil depletion and oil sprays the respectively at the bottom of the normally not completely emptied transformer housing 1 accumulating and washed out of the active part 1.1 old impregnating oil is diluted so much that no negative properties in the replenishment of the transformer housing 1 with processed oil longer exist.

Bei der Ausführungsform der Trocknungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 2 wird zusätzlich zu dem unter Fig.1 beschriebenen Vorgehen, das heisst nach Beendigung des Trocknungsprozesses, das das eingebauten Aktivteil 1.1 enthaltende Gehäuse 1 mit aufbereitetem Isolieröl (Imprägnieröl) gefüllt. In vorteilhafter Weise kann hierzu die Apparatur, wie insbesondere die Vakuumanlage 18, der Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 und die Förderpumpe 8, für das Einfüllen des Imprägnieröls genutzt werden. Die Vakuumanlage 18 bleibt hierbei, wie vorgängig beschrieben, via das geöffnete Dampfabsperrventil 20 mit dem Transformatorgehäuse 1 verbunden und hält das Aktivteil 1.1 unter Vakuum. Zusätzlich wird die Entgasungsstufe 14 über die Vakuumverbindungsleitung 4.4 und das das geöffnete Vakuumabsperrventil 21.1 mit der Vakuumanlage 18 auf Unterdruck gehalten. Vom Imprägnieröltank 13 wird via Imprägnieroelleitung 13.1 und Ölabsperrventil 20.11 Imprägnieröl der Förderpumpe 8 zugeführt und danach via Absperrventil 20.3 zum Solvent/Ölerhitzer 4 gefördert, erwärmt und via Ölabsperrventil 20.15 in die Ölentgasungsstufe 14 gepumpt und dort entgast. Mit der Ölförderpumpe 15 wird das entgaste Imprägnieröl via das Ölabsperrventil 20.13, Absperrventil 20.8 und Ablauföffnung 1.4 in das unter Vakuum stehende Transformatorgehäuse 1 eingebracht bis das maximal zulässige Ölniveau gemäss Ölniveauschalter 12.2 erreicht ist.In the embodiment of the drying device according to Fig. 2 is in addition to the under Fig.1 described procedure, that is, after completion of the drying process, the housing 1 containing the built-active part 1.1 filled with conditioned insulating oil (impregnating oil). For this purpose, the apparatus, in particular the vacuum system 18, the solvent / oil heater 4 and the feed pump 8, can advantageously be used for filling the impregnating oil. The vacuum system 18 remains, as described above, connected via the open Dampfabsperrventil 20 with the transformer housing 1 and keeps the active part 1.1 under vacuum. In addition, the degassing stage 14 is held on the vacuum connection line 4.4 and the open Vakuumabsperrventil 21.1 with the vacuum system 18 to negative pressure. From Impregnating oil tank 13 is fed via Impregnating oil line 13.1 and Ölabsperrventil 20.11 Impregnating the pump 8 and then promoted via shut-off valve 20.3 to the solvent / oil heater 4, heated and pumped via Ölabsperrventil 20.15 in the Ölentgasungsstufe 14 and degassed there. The degassed impregnating oil is introduced via the oil shut-off valve 20.13, shut-off valve 20.8 and drain opening 1.4 into the vacuum-standing transformer housing 1 with the oil feed pump 15 until the maximum permissible oil level according to the oil level switch 12.2 has been reached.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Gehäuse, TransformatorgehäuseHousing, transformer housing
1.11.1
Aktivteilactive part
1.21.2
Gehäuseöffnungenhousing openings
1.31.3
Abdeckflanschecovering flange
1.41.4
Ablauföffnungdrain hole
1,51.5
FeststoffisolationenSolid insulation
22
SprayöldüsenSpray oil jets
33
SprayöltankSpray oil tank
3.13.1
SprayölzuführleitungSprayölzuführleitung
3.23.2
Ölfilteroil filter
3.33.3
SprayölrückführleitungSpray oil return line
44
Solvent/ÖlerhitzerSolvent / oil heater
4.14.1
SolventverbindungsleitungSolvent connecting line
4.2;4.2.14.2; 4.2.1
SolventzuführleitungenSolventzuführleitungen
4.34.3
ÖlverbindungsleitungOil connection line
4.44.4
VakuumverbindungsleitungVacuum connection line
55
Solventverteilkanal (Rohr)Solvent distribution channel (pipe)
5.15.1
SolventeinspritzöffnungenSolvent injection holes
66
Strömungskanal/VenturirohrFlow channel / venturi
77
Ablaufbehälterdrain tank
7.17.1
Füllstandsindikatorlevel indicator
8;8.18; 8.1
Förderpumpenfeed pumps
99
SolventvorratstankSolvent supply tank
1010
MischdampfleitungMixing steam line
1111
luftgekühlter Kondensator/Abscheiderair-cooled condenser / separator
11.111.1
Abscheide PrallblecheSeparate baffles
11.211.2
Ventilatorfan
11.311.3
HeissluftleitungHot air line
11.411.4
Austrittsöffnung MischdampfOutlet opening mixing steam
11.511.5
Austrittsöffnung SolventkondensatOutlet solvent condensate
11.611.6
Solvent/Öl AbtropfleitungSolvent / oil drip line
1212
Ölniveauschalter (unten)Oil level switch (below)
12.112.1
Ölniveauschalter (oben)Oil level switch (above)
1313
ImprägnieröltankImprägnieröltank
13.113.1
ImprägnieroelleitungImprägnieroelleitung
1414
ÖlentgasungsstufeÖlentgasungsstufe
1515
ÖlförderpumpeOil pump
15.115.1
Ölleitungoil line
1616
MischdampfkondensatorMixing steam condenser
1717
Trennbehälterseparation vessel
1818
Vakuumanlagevacuum system
1919
Öltankoil tank
2020
Dampfabsperrventilsteam regulator
20.1-20.1020.1-20.10
AbsperrventileShut-off valves
20.11-20.1720:11 to 20:17
ÖlabsperrventileÖlabsperrventile
21, 21.121, 21.1
VakuumabsperrventileVakuumabsperrventile
2222
WasserablassventilWater drain valve
H1, D, H2, V1, OF, OS und V2H1, D, H2, V1, OF, OS and V2
zeitlich aufeinanderfolgende Phasen beim Trockungsverfahrentemporally successive phases in the drying process

Claims (15)

  1. A method for drying an active portion (1.1) containing solid insulations (1.5) of an electrical device which can be filled with impregnating oil, wherein after evacuation of the housing (1) the active portion (1.1) containing at least water and contaminated impregnating oil and arranged in a housing (1) of the device is heated (phases H1, H2) and specifically by condensation of solvent vapour which is formed by a solvent which is vaporized inside and/or outside the housing (1), wherein at least water and solvent are separated from a mixed vapour stream formed during heating and wherein after termination of the heating process, the heated active portion (1.1) is held at negative pressure for drying (phases V1, V2), characterized in that the solid insulations (1.5) of the active portion (1.1) which cool down after termination of the heating process when holding at negative pressure are after-heated (phase OS) by spraying heated spray oil onto the surfaces of the solid insulations (5.1).
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in
    that prior to its heating, the spray oil is introduced into the housing (1) underneath the solid insulations (1, 5) (phase OF),
    that in a circulation process following the introduction (phase OF) of the spray oil into the housing (1) the following process steps are executed:
    the spray oil introduced into the housing (1) is pumped out from the housing (1),
    the pumped-out spray oil is heated outside the housing (1),
    the heated spray oil is guided into the housing (1) and sprayed onto the surface of the solid insulations (1.1) and
    after dissipating heat, the sprayed spray oil is collected on the solid insulations (1.5) in the housing (1) and pumped out from the housing (1) again for circulating,
    and that after the end of the circulating process and removal of the spray oil from the housing (1), the after-heated solid insulations (5.1) are still held at negative pressure for drying (phase V2).
  3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the solid insulations (1.5) which cool down during holding at negative pressure are after-heated at least a second time by spraying on heated spray oil (phase OS).
  4. The method according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the spray oil is sucked into the housing (1) due to the negative pressure during introduction (phase OS).
  5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heated spray oil is predominantly sprayed from above and/or from the side onto the solid insulations (1.5).
  6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the solvent is heated outside the housing (1) and is sprayed into a flow channel (6) arranged inside the housing (1).
  7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the flow channel (6) is adapted so that a flow containing solvent vapour formed during injection of the heated solvent is directed into a free space lying between the inner wall of the housing (1) and the solid insulations (1.5).
  8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that after the end of the after-heating (phase OS) impregnating oil provided for the definitive filling of the housing (1) is heated outside the housing (1) and degassed.
  9. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, containing, in addition to the housing (1) accommodating the active portion (1.1) a vacuum system (18) connected to the interior of the housing (1), a solvent vapour generator (5, 6) arranged inside or outside the housing (1) and a condensation device (16) arranged outside the housing (1), which is connected to the interior of the housing (1), characterized in that the apparatus further contains an oil spray system comprising a spray nozzle arrangement (2) provided inside the housing (1) and a pump (8) for conveying the spray oil heated outside the housing (1) into the spray nozzle arrangement (2).
  10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the oil spray system further comprises an air-cooled apparatus (11) located upstream of the condensation device (16) for depositing spray oil and/or for condensing solvent vapour.
  11. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the air heated in the air-cooled apparatus (11) is guided onto an outer wall of the housing (1) configured as a base.
  12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the solvent vapour generator (5, 6) is arranged inside the housing (1) and comprises a flow channel (6) configured in the manner of a Venturi nozzle and a solvent distribution channel (5) which receives heated solvent supplied from outside with solvent injection openings (5.1) which are guided into the flow channel (5).
  13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the solvent injection openings (5.1) are adapted so that a flow containing solvent vapour formed during exit from the openings (5.1) is directed into a free space lying between the inner wall of the housing (1) and the solid insulations (1.1).
  14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the drying device comprises a heater (4) which heats the solvent outside the housing (1) and which can be connected to the solvent vaporizer (5, 6), which can be connected to the oil spray system after interruption of the solvent supply.
  15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the drying device comprises a device (14) for degassing the impregnating oil which is located downstream of the heater (4).
EP11004092.0A 2011-05-18 2011-05-18 Method for drying a solid isolation containing active section of an electric device which can be filled with impregnating oil and device for performing this method Active EP2525178B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11004092.0A EP2525178B1 (en) 2011-05-18 2011-05-18 Method for drying a solid isolation containing active section of an electric device which can be filled with impregnating oil and device for performing this method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11004092.0A EP2525178B1 (en) 2011-05-18 2011-05-18 Method for drying a solid isolation containing active section of an electric device which can be filled with impregnating oil and device for performing this method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2525178A1 EP2525178A1 (en) 2012-11-21
EP2525178B1 true EP2525178B1 (en) 2017-11-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Link
EP (1) EP2525178B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102997618A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-03-27 四川省晶源电气设备制造有限公司 Drying process for preventing dried iron core from rusting

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2115104B1 (en) * 1970-11-26 1974-09-20 Lamendin Louis
DE19637313C5 (en) * 1995-09-16 2007-12-27 Wilhelm Hedrich Vakuumanlagen Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for heating parts
EP1224021B8 (en) * 2000-09-05 2016-02-24 Hedrich GmbH Device for preparing transformers
DE50204915D1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2005-12-22 Abb Schweiz Ag Process for drying an active part and apparatus for carrying out this process
EP1528342B1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2006-08-30 Paul Gmeiner Process for drying material and apparatus for carrying out the process
EP2148157B1 (en) * 2008-07-25 2013-02-27 Paul Gmeiner Device for heating and drying a good according to the vapour-phase method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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