EP2524894A1 - Method for emptying the residue in tank facilities - Google Patents

Method for emptying the residue in tank facilities Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2524894A1
EP2524894A1 EP11004011A EP11004011A EP2524894A1 EP 2524894 A1 EP2524894 A1 EP 2524894A1 EP 11004011 A EP11004011 A EP 11004011A EP 11004011 A EP11004011 A EP 11004011A EP 2524894 A1 EP2524894 A1 EP 2524894A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
tank
gas
atmosphere
emptying
gasoline engine
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Granted
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EP11004011A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2524894B1 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Dr. Kreyenberg
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DORINCOURT S.A.
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Dorincourt Sa
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
    • B67D7/0476—Vapour recovery systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B57/00—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels
    • B63B57/04—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels by ventilating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for emptying tanks with hydrocarbon-containing products.
  • it is about the emptying and degassing of mobile tank systems, preferably the cargo tanks of tankers for gasoline.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • Tankers in particular inland tankers, transport liquid fuels, usually hydrocarbon mixtures, which have a flashpoint below 55 ° C. It is necessary to emptying these tanks as much as possible in order to prevent explosion hazards.
  • the DE 4 320 759 A1 discloses a process wherein liquefied gases are vaporized and discharged in a first stage. By condensation, the liquefied gases are recovered. The method operates at pressures up to 10 bar, which are not permitted or constructively possible. In addition, CO 2 emissions are extremely high and the cost of the plant uneconomical.
  • the DE 10 2005 019 971 B4 discloses a method for emptying and degassing mobile tanks, wherein a light gas is successively fed into the tank, the tank atmosphere is displaced by the light gas and the displaced tank atmosphere is disposed of or recycled.
  • the system atmosphere must be circulated through the tank, charge / discharge line, gas discharge lines and fans to re-concentrate the atmosphere by vaporizing residual amounts.
  • Part of the system atmosphere is continuously diverted and recycled, with a corresponding partial flow of the system atmosphere is supplied in the form of air.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • the relevant solution results from a device having the features of claim 11.
  • the invention advantageously proposes filling the tank with an oxygen-free gas or gas mixture. This can be done by introducing a gas under flow pressure or by suction of the tank atmosphere and at the same time generating a negative pressure in the tank. As a result, the oxygen-free gas is sucked in.
  • "Discharge" of the displaced by the introduced gas tank atmosphere in the sense of claim 1 comprises the suction or the expression of the gas under pressure.
  • the combustion of the aspirated tank atmosphere is preferably carried out in a lambda probe-controlled gasoline engine, wherein the essential property of the internal combustion engine is the spark ignition. This can be optimally carried out with stoichiometrically controlled oxygen content, the combustion.
  • the introduction of the oxygen-free gas obtained from the combustion process takes place via a filling line or an autonomous valve system, for example via a man's lid.
  • a filling line or an autonomous valve system for example via a man's lid.
  • care is taken to ensure that the gas introduced on the one hand and the tank atmosphere in the tank are practically not mixed. Insofar as this is unavoidable in the boundary layer, the mixing should be kept to a minimum. This requires a gentle introduction or suction of the oxygen-free gas, d. H. Inert gas.
  • the aspiration or removal of the tank atmosphere can be done for example via the leakage line.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably lambda probe controlled.
  • the combustion process can be assisted by the supply of fuel if the supplied tank atmosphere does not guarantee a sufficient combustion process.
  • exhaust heat of the combustion process can be used as well as with high fuel content of the tank atmosphere, a recovery, for example by cooling, can take place.
  • a recovery for example by cooling
  • lambda probe controlled combustion In addition to the measurement of the gasoline vapor fraction, in particular lambda probe controlled combustion.
  • heat supply and a specifically approved negative pressure generation can support the evaporation process.
  • rotating nozzle units or the like are introduced into the tank, in order to be able to generate targeted turbulence in the respective layer, without forcing an unnecessary mixing of different atmospheric layers.
  • a VRU vapor recovery unit
  • This is able to recover excess gasoline, which is advantageous because usually the energy content of a gasoline present in vapor form can not be worked off briefly by a gasoline engine alone.
  • gasoline engine cascades or groups can be used, as well as gas turbines, which can alternatively or additionally process the energy source.
  • the motor-produced mechanical energy can be used for the system pumps, but also for additional equipment, such as plants for the production of N 2 by membrane filtration and the like.
  • the energy can be electrically converted and stored or further processed.
  • a gas storage done, for example by Gas compression on z. B. 200 bar in bottles as extinguishing stock and the like.
  • a corresponding device may be formed as a mobile unit having a tank for the gas to be introduced, a gasoline engine, pumps and other required units: This may be housed as a buoyant unit, in a container or a vehicle.
  • a plant according to the invention serves to empty a tank 1, in which a gasoline vapor atmosphere 2 is located.
  • the tank 2 is connected in a conventional manner with a fresh air line 3 and under valve closure with a line leading to the outside 21.
  • it has an explosion-proof flap 10 in a conventional manner.
  • the tank is provided with the necessary sensors 4 in order to determine the temperature, the oxygen content and the content of hydrocarbon in the tank atmosphere 2.
  • the tank atmosphere is pressed via the line 5 in the process area.
  • a gasoline recovery unit 6 the steam atmosphere is processed to recover fuel, which can then be used in different ways.
  • a portion of the recovered fuel may be cached in a storage tank 7.
  • a gasoline steam generator 8 generates steam and conducts it via the line 9, for example, back into the tank atmosphere.
  • a portion of the fuels obtained in the gasoline recovery 6 is supplied via heat exchanger 24 and line 11, repeated measurement in the range 13 in relation to temperature, oxygen, hydrocarbon and the like, optionally with supply of fresh air 12 of a motor group 14. There is burned by the gasoline engine 15 of the recovered fuel.
  • the controller can through the lambda probe take place, the exhaust gases can be passed through the three-way catalyst and optionally an exhaust gas cooler with water then to displace the tank atmosphere via the line 19 into the tank.
  • the exhaust system is also connected to a leading into the open or for further treatment line 20, as well as the tank atmosphere discharge line. 5
  • fuel can also be supplied from the storage tank 7 via the line 22 to the engine 15 and introduced via the intake manifold injection.
  • the engine can run against a brake, generate heat, operate hydraulics, perform other mechanical or electrical work.
  • a cooling water circuit 23 comprises a heat exchanger 24 in the region of the gasoline recovery plant. Further heat exchangers 25 may be provided.
  • the tank atmosphere 2 can be treated until there is no longer sufficient drive for the engine 15 and the measured values of the measuring group 4 indicate corresponding setpoint values.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves providing oxygen-free gas or gas mixture in a tank (1). Tank atmosphere (2) displaced by injected gas is removed, and the removed tank atmosphere is supplied to a petrol engine (15). The petrol engine is controlled in a lambda probe manner. Additional fuel is supplied to the petrol engine. A resting phase is performed in the closed tank after an extraction phase. Gas flow is generated in the tank. Exhaust gas temperature of the petrol engine is utilized for heat generation. The tank is connected with a fresh-air duct (3). An independent claim is also included for a device for emptying a tank.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Restentleerung von Tanks mit kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen Produkten. Insbesondere geht es um die Restentleerung und Entgasung von mobilen Tankanlagen, vorzugsweise der Ladetanks von Tankschiffen für Ottokraftstoffe. Darüber hinaus wird mit der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens angegeben.The invention relates to a method for emptying tanks with hydrocarbon-containing products. In particular, it is about the emptying and degassing of mobile tank systems, preferably the cargo tanks of tankers for gasoline. In addition, the invention provides an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Tankschiffe, insbesondere Binnentankschiffe transportieren flüssige Brennstoffe, üblicherweise Kohlenwasserstoffgemische, die einen Flammpunkt unter 55°C haben. Es ist erforderlich, diese Tanks möglichst weitgehend restzuentleeren, um Explosionsgefahren vorbeugen zu können.Tankers, in particular inland tankers, transport liquid fuels, usually hydrocarbon mixtures, which have a flashpoint below 55 ° C. It is necessary to emptying these tanks as much as possible in order to prevent explosion hazards.

Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Verfahren zur Restentleerung von Tanks bekannt. Dabei wird in erster Linie eine Verdrängung der Tankatmosphäre durchgeführt und die bei der Entleerung gewonnenen Brennstoffe werden verwertet. Neue Umweltschutzbestimmungen einerseits lassen bisher angewandte Verfahren nicht mehr zu, andererseits sind auch keine wirklich befriedigenden Verfahren bekannt.The prior art discloses various methods of emptying tanks. In the first place a displacement of the tank atmosphere is carried out and the fuels obtained during the emptying are utilized. On the one hand, new environmental regulations no longer allow processes used up to now, but on the other hand, no really satisfactory processes are known.

Bei der DE 3 903 938 A1 wird ein Verfahren zur Verdrängung von Reststoffen aus einem Tank durch ein Einlassen eines Fluids offenbart. Dies ist jedoch ungeeignet zur Entgasung von Binnentankschiffen, die Ottokraftstoffe führen. Dieser Stand der Technik bezieht sich auf das Restentleeren von Behältern mit umweltbelastenden Inhaltsstoffen.In the DE 3 903 938 A1 discloses a method for displacing residues from a tank by introducing a fluid. However, this is unsuitable for the degassing of inland tankers, which lead petrol. This prior art relates to the residual emptying of containers with polluting ingredients.

Auf Tanks bezogen ist die DE 3 920 398 A1 , wobei während der Befüllung Gas-/Luftgemische verdrängt, durch Kondensation zurückgewonnen und der Rest verbrannt wird. Da nur die Dampfphase betroffen ist, verbleiben jedoch zu große Restmengen in den Tanks bzw. der Tankatmosphäre. Als Fluid könnte Wasser eingesetzt werden, dieses wird jedoch kontaminiert und das Verfahren dadurch unwirtschaftlich.Related to tanks is the DE 3 920 398 A1 , wherein during the filling gas / air mixtures displaced, recovered by condensation and the rest is burned. Since only the vapor phase is affected, however, remain too large residues in the tanks or the tank atmosphere. As a fluid water could be used, but this is contaminated and the process thereby uneconomical.

Die DE 4 320 759 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren, wobei Flüssiggase in einer ersten Stufe verdampft und abgeleitet werden. Durch Kondensation werden die Flüssiggase wieder gewonnen. Das Verfahren arbeitet bei Drücken bis zu 10 bar, die unzulässig oder konstruktiv nicht möglich sind. Darüber hinaus sind CO2-Emissionen extrem hoch und die Kosten der Anlage unwirtschaftlich.The DE 4 320 759 A1 discloses a process wherein liquefied gases are vaporized and discharged in a first stage. By condensation, the liquefied gases are recovered. The method operates at pressures up to 10 bar, which are not permitted or constructively possible. In addition, CO 2 emissions are extremely high and the cost of the plant uneconomical.

Die DE 10 2005 019 971 B4 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Restentleerung und Entgasung von mobilen Tanks, wobei nacheinander ein Leichtgas in den Tank geführt wird, die Tankatmosphäre durch das Leichtgas verdrängt wird und die verdrängte Tankatmosphäre entsorgt bzw. verwertet wird. In einer darauf folgenden Phase muss die Systematmosphäre durch den Tank, die Lade-/Löschleitung, Gasabfuhrleitungen und Gebläse zirkuliert werden, um die Atmosphäre wieder aufzukonzentrieren, indem Restmengen verdampft werden. Ein Teil der Systematmosphäre wird kontinuierlich abgezweigt und der Verwertung zugeführt, wobei ein entsprechender Teilstrom der Systematmosphäre in Form von Luft zugeführt wird.The DE 10 2005 019 971 B4 discloses a method for emptying and degassing mobile tanks, wherein a light gas is successively fed into the tank, the tank atmosphere is displaced by the light gas and the displaced tank atmosphere is disposed of or recycled. In a subsequent phase, the system atmosphere must be circulated through the tank, charge / discharge line, gas discharge lines and fans to re-concentrate the atmosphere by vaporizing residual amounts. Part of the system atmosphere is continuously diverted and recycled, with a corresponding partial flow of the system atmosphere is supplied in the form of air.

Dieses vorbekannte Verfahren ist unzulässig, da die Systematmosphäre bis zu 5 % Sauerstoffrestgehalt enthalten kann und somit zu einer entzündbaren Mischung führen kann. Darüber hinaus ist das vorbekannte Verfahren nach den Zulassungsrichtlinien der Schiffsklassifikationsgesellschaft unzulässig. Dies ist gemäß den einschlägigen Bestimmungen, insbesondere beispielsweise der Verordnung über die Schiffssicherheit in der Binnenschifffahrt, unzulässig. Darüber hinaus ist das vorbekannte Verfahren apparateseitig sehr aufwendig. Darüber hinaus ist es für den industriellen Alltagseinsatz zu gefährlich. Darüber hinaus wird ein Gemisch erzeugt, welches mit einem selbstzündenden Dieselmotor verbrannt werden soll, was eine erhöhte Gefahrenquelle darstellt.This prior art method is inadmissible, since the system atmosphere can contain up to 5% oxygen radical content and thus can lead to a flammable mixture. In addition, the previously known method according to the approval guidelines of the Schiffsklassifikationsgesellschaft is inadmissible. This is inadmissible in accordance with the relevant provisions, in particular, for example, the Regulation on Ship Safety in Inland Navigation. In addition, the prior art process is very expensive on the apparatus side. In addition, it is too dangerous for everyday industrial use. In addition, a mixture is generated, which is to be burned with a self-igniting diesel engine, which is an increased source of danger.

Ausgehend vom vorbeschriebenen Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Restentleerung von Tanks bereitzustellen, welches weniger gefährlich ist und darüber hinaus mit einem wirtschaftlich realisierbaren Apparateaufwand auskommt.Starting from the prior art described above of the present invention has for its object to provide a method for complete emptying of tanks, which is less dangerous and moreover with an economically feasible Equipment expense manages.

Zur technischen Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1. Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.For the technical solution of this object is proposed by the invention, a method having the features of claim 1. Further advantages and features emerge from the dependent claims.

Darüber hinaus wird mit der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens angegeben. Die diesbezügliche Lösung ergibt sich aus einer Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 11.In addition, the invention provides an apparatus for carrying out the method. The relevant solution results from a device having the features of claim 11.

Gegenüber denen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren wird mit der Erfindung vorteilhafter Weise vorgeschlagen, den Tank mit einem sauerstofffreien Gas oder Gasgemisch zu befüllen. Dies kann durch Einleiten eines Gases unter Strömungsdruck erfolgen oder durch Absaugen der Tankatmosphäre und dabei gleichzeitig ein Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks im Tank. Dadurch wird das sauerstofffreie Gas eingesaugt. "Abführen" der durch das eingeleitete Gas verdrängten Tankatmosphäre im Sinne des Anspruches 1 umfasst das Absaugen oder das Ausdrücken des Gases unter Druck.Compared to those known from the prior art, the invention advantageously proposes filling the tank with an oxygen-free gas or gas mixture. This can be done by introducing a gas under flow pressure or by suction of the tank atmosphere and at the same time generating a negative pressure in the tank. As a result, the oxygen-free gas is sucked in. "Discharge" of the displaced by the introduced gas tank atmosphere in the sense of claim 1 comprises the suction or the expression of the gas under pressure.

Die Verbrennung der abgesaugten Tankatmosphäre erfolgt vorzugsweise in einem lambdasondengesteuerten Ottomotor, wobei die wesentliche Eigenschaft des Verbrennungsmotors die Fremdzündung ist. Damit kann mit stöchiometrisch gesteuertem Sauerstoffgehalt die Verbrennung optimal durchgeführt werden.The combustion of the aspirated tank atmosphere is preferably carried out in a lambda probe-controlled gasoline engine, wherein the essential property of the internal combustion engine is the spark ignition. This can be optimally carried out with stoichiometrically controlled oxygen content, the combustion.

Das Einleiten des aus dem Verbrennungsprozess gewonnenen sauerstofffreien Gases erfolgt über eine Befüllleitung oder ein autonomes Ventilsystem, beispielsweise über einen Manndeckel. Bei der Befüllung wird darauf geachtet, dass sich das eingeleitete Gas einerseits und die im Tank vorhandene Tankatmosphäre praktisch nicht durchmischen. Soweit dies in der Grenzschicht unvermeidbar ist, soll die Durchmischung minimal gehalten werden. Dies bedingt ein sanftes Einleiten bzw. Einsaugen des sauerstofffreien Gases, d. h. Inertgases.The introduction of the oxygen-free gas obtained from the combustion process takes place via a filling line or an autonomous valve system, for example via a man's lid. When filling, care is taken to ensure that the gas introduced on the one hand and the tank atmosphere in the tank are practically not mixed. Insofar as this is unavoidable in the boundary layer, the mixing should be kept to a minimum. This requires a gentle introduction or suction of the oxygen-free gas, d. H. Inert gas.

Das Absaugen oder Abführen der Tankatmosphäre kann beispielsweise über die Leckage-Leitung erfolgen.The aspiration or removal of the tank atmosphere can be done for example via the leakage line.

Der Verbrennungsmotor wird vorzugsweise lambdasondengesteuert. Der Verbrennungsprozess kann durch die Zufuhr von Kraftstoff unterstützt werden, wenn die zugeführte Tankatmosphäre keinen ausreichenden Verbrennungsprozess gewährleistet.The internal combustion engine is preferably lambda probe controlled. The combustion process can be assisted by the supply of fuel if the supplied tank atmosphere does not guarantee a sufficient combustion process.

Das Gesamtverfahren wird unter energietechnischen Gesichtspunkten optimiert. So kann Abgaswärme des Verbrennungsprozesses ebenso genutzt werden, wie bei hohem Brennstoffanteil der Tankatmosphäre eine Rückgewinnung, beispielsweise durch Kühlung, erfolgen kann. Neben der Messung des Benzindampfanteiles wird insbesondere lambdasondengesteuert verbrannt.The overall process is optimized with regard to energy technology. Thus, exhaust heat of the combustion process can be used as well as with high fuel content of the tank atmosphere, a recovery, for example by cooling, can take place. In addition to the measurement of the gasoline vapor fraction, in particular lambda probe controlled combustion.

Nachdem das Verfahren zunächst dadurch begonnen wurde, dass die Tankatmosphäre einmal abgesaugt wurde, wird eine Ruhephase durchgeführt. In Tankwänden bzw. Beschichtungen befindliche Kraftwasserstoffreste können dann nachverdampfen. Dies kann durch Erzeugung einer Atmosphärenströmung, insbesondere die Erzeugung von Turbulenzen im Tank unterstützt werden.After the process has first been started by once extracting the tank atmosphere, a rest phase is carried out. Hydrocarbon residues in tank walls or coatings can then re-evaporate. This can be assisted by generating an atmosphere flow, in particular the generation of turbulence in the tank.

Darüber hinaus kann Wärmezufuhr sowie eine gezielt zugelassene Unterdruckerzeugung den Verdampfungsprozess unterstützen.In addition, heat supply and a specifically approved negative pressure generation can support the evaporation process.

Bei der Erzeugung von Turbulenzen werden nicht elektrisch angetriebene Ventilatoren, rotierende Düseneinheiten oder dergleichen in den Tank eingeführt, um auf diese Weise in der jeweiligen Schicht gezielt Turbulenzen erzeugen zu können, ohne eine unnötige Durchmischung unterschiedlicher atmosphärischer Schichten zu erzwingen.In the generation of turbulence non-electrically driven fans, rotating nozzle units or the like are introduced into the tank, in order to be able to generate targeted turbulence in the respective layer, without forcing an unnecessary mixing of different atmospheric layers.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung kann alternativ zum Automotor oder auch zusätzlich eine VRU (Vapor Recovery Unit) eingesetzt werden. Diese ist in der Lage, Überschussbenzin rückzugewinnen, was vorteilhaft ist, da in der Regel der Energiegehalt eines in Dampfform vorliegenden Benzins kurzzeitig durch einen Ottomotor allein nicht abgearbeitet werden kann. Darüber hinaus können auch Ottomotorkaskaden oder Gruppierungen eingesetzt werden, ebenso wie Gasturbinen, die alternativ oder zusätzlich den Energieträger verarbeiten können. Die motorisch produzierte mechanische Energie kann für die Systempumpen, aber auch für zusätzliche Anlagen, beispielsweise Anlagen zur Herstellung von N2 durch Membranfiltration und dergleichen verwendet werden. Auch kann die Energie elektrisch umgewandelt und gespeichert oder weiterverarbeitet werden. Grundsätzlich kann auch eine Gasspeicherung erfolgen, beispielsweise durch Gaskompression auf z. B. 200 bar in Flaschen als Löschvorrat und dergleichen.In the context of the present invention, as an alternative to the car engine or in addition, a VRU (vapor recovery unit) can be used. This is able to recover excess gasoline, which is advantageous because usually the energy content of a gasoline present in vapor form can not be worked off briefly by a gasoline engine alone. In addition, gasoline engine cascades or groups can be used, as well as gas turbines, which can alternatively or additionally process the energy source. The motor-produced mechanical energy can be used for the system pumps, but also for additional equipment, such as plants for the production of N 2 by membrane filtration and the like. Also, the energy can be electrically converted and stored or further processed. Basically, a gas storage done, for example by Gas compression on z. B. 200 bar in bottles as extinguishing stock and the like.

Gemäß der Erfindung kann eine entsprechende Vorrichtung als mobile Einheit ausgebildet sein, welche einen Tank für das einzuleitende Gas, einen Ottomotor, Pumpen und weitere erforderliche Einheiten aufweist: Diese kann als schwimmfähige Einheit, in einem Container oder einem Fahrzeug untergebracht sein.According to the invention, a corresponding device may be formed as a mobile unit having a tank for the gas to be introduced, a gasoline engine, pumps and other required units: This may be housed as a buoyant unit, in a container or a vehicle.

Mit der Erfindung wird ein einfaches und insbesondere sicheres Verfahren zur Restentleerung von Tanks bereitgestellt. Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Figur. Dabei zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische flussdiagrammartige Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung.
The invention provides a simple and, in particular, safe method for emptying tanks. Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description with reference to FIG. Showing:
  • Fig. 1 a schematic flow diagram-like representation of an embodiment of the invention.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage dient der Restleerung eines Tanks 1, in dem sich eine Benzindampfatmosphäre 2 befindet. Der Tank 2 ist in herkömmlicher Weise auch mit einer Frischluftleitung 3 verbunden und unter Ventilverschluss mit einer ins Freie führenden Leitung 21. Darüber hinaus weist er in an sich bekannter Weise eine Explosions-Schutz-Klappe 10 auf.A plant according to the invention serves to empty a tank 1, in which a gasoline vapor atmosphere 2 is located. The tank 2 is connected in a conventional manner with a fresh air line 3 and under valve closure with a line leading to the outside 21. In addition, it has an explosion-proof flap 10 in a conventional manner.

Der Tank ist versehen mit der notwendigen Sensorik 4, um die Temperatur, den Sauerstoffgehalt und den Gehalt an Kohlenwasserstoff in der Tankatmosphäre 2 feststellen zu können. Durch Einleiten eines sauerstofffreien Gases oder Gasgemisches wird die Tankatmosphäre über die Leitung 5 in den Verfahrensbereich gedrückt. In einer Benzinrückgewinnungseinheit 6 wird die Dampfatmosphäre zur Rückgewinnung von Treibstoff bearbeitet, der dann auf unterschiedliche Weise verwendet werden kann. Gemäß einer Option kann ein Teil des rückgewonnenen Treibstoffes in einem Vorratstank 7 zwischengespeichert werden. Ein Benzindampferzeuger 8 erzeugt Dampf und leitet diesen über die Leitung 9 beispielsweise wieder in die Tankatmosphäre.The tank is provided with the necessary sensors 4 in order to determine the temperature, the oxygen content and the content of hydrocarbon in the tank atmosphere 2. By introducing an oxygen-free gas or gas mixture, the tank atmosphere is pressed via the line 5 in the process area. In a gasoline recovery unit 6, the steam atmosphere is processed to recover fuel, which can then be used in different ways. As an option, a portion of the recovered fuel may be cached in a storage tank 7. A gasoline steam generator 8 generates steam and conducts it via the line 9, for example, back into the tank atmosphere.

Ein Teil der in der Benzinrückgewinnung 6 gewonnenen Treibstoffe wird über Wärmetauscher 24 und Leitung 11, wiederholter Messung im Bereich 13 in Bezug auf Temperatur, Sauerstoff, Kohlenwasserstoff und dergleichen, gegebenenfalls unter Zufuhr von Frischluft 12 einer Motorgruppe 14 zugeführt. Dort wird von dem Ottomotor 15 der rückgewonnene Treibstoff verbrannt. Die Steuerung kann durch die Lambdasonde erfolgen, wobei die Abgase über den Drei-Wege-Katalysator und gegebenenfalls einen Abgaskühler mit Wasserabscheider dann zur Verdrängung der Tankatmosphäre über die Leitung 19 in den Tank geführt werden kann. Die Abgasführung ist auch mit einer ins Freie oder zur weiteren Behandlung führenden Leitung 20 verbunden, ebenso wie die Tankatmosphärenabführungsleitung 5.A portion of the fuels obtained in the gasoline recovery 6 is supplied via heat exchanger 24 and line 11, repeated measurement in the range 13 in relation to temperature, oxygen, hydrocarbon and the like, optionally with supply of fresh air 12 of a motor group 14. There is burned by the gasoline engine 15 of the recovered fuel. The controller can through the lambda probe take place, the exhaust gases can be passed through the three-way catalyst and optionally an exhaust gas cooler with water then to displace the tank atmosphere via the line 19 into the tank. The exhaust system is also connected to a leading into the open or for further treatment line 20, as well as the tank atmosphere discharge line. 5

Bei Bedarf kann über die Leitung 22 dem Verbrennungsmotor 15 auch aus dem Vorratstank 7 Brennstoff zugeführt und über die Saugrohreinspritzung eingebracht werden. Der Motor kann beispielsweise gegen eine Bremse laufen, Wärme erzeugen, eine Hydraulik betreiben, sonstige mechanische oder elektrische Arbeit leisten.If necessary, fuel can also be supplied from the storage tank 7 via the line 22 to the engine 15 and introduced via the intake manifold injection. For example, the engine can run against a brake, generate heat, operate hydraulics, perform other mechanical or electrical work.

Ein Kühlwasserkreislauf 23 umfasst einen Wärmetauscher 24 im Bereich der Benzinrückgewinnungsanlage. Weitere Wärmetauscher 25 können vorgesehen sein.A cooling water circuit 23 comprises a heat exchanger 24 in the region of the gasoline recovery plant. Further heat exchangers 25 may be provided.

Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel kann die Tankatmosphäre 2 solange behandelt werden, bis kein ausreichender Antrieb für den Motor 15 mehr gegeben ist und die Messwerte der Messgruppe 4 entsprechende Soll-Werte anzeigen.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the tank atmosphere 2 can be treated until there is no longer sufficient drive for the engine 15 and the measured values of the measuring group 4 indicate corresponding setpoint values.

Das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel dient nur der Erläuterung und ist nicht beschränkend.The described embodiment is merely illustrative and not limiting.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Tanktank
22
Tankatmosphäretank atmosphere
33
FrischluftzuleitungFresh air supply
44
Messgruppemeasurement group
55
AtmosphärenabführleitungAtmosphärenabführleitung
66
BenzinrückgewinnungGasoline recovery
77
Vorratstankstorage tank
88th
BenzindampferzeugerGasoline steam generator
99
Zuführleitungfeed
1010
ExplosionsschutzklappeExplosion protection flap
11 111 1
Treibstoffleitungfuel line
1212
FrischluftzuleitungFresh air supply
1313
Messgruppemeasurement group
1414
Motorgruppemotor group
1515
Ottomotorgasoline engine
1616
Hydraulikaggregathydraulic power unit
1717
Drei-Wege-KatalysatorThree-way catalytic converter
1818
Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
1919
Zuführleitungfeed
2020
Abführleitungdischarge
21 121 1
Abführleitungdischarge
2222
Treibstoffleitungfuel line
2323
MotorkühlwasserkreislaufEngine cooling water circuit
2424
Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
2525
Wärmetauscherheat exchangers

Claims (13)

Verfahren zur Restentleerung eines Tanks, umfassend folgende Schritte: a) Einleiten eines sauerstofffreien Gases bzw. Gasmischung in den Tank, b) Abführen der durch das eingeleitete Gas verdrängten Tankatmosphäre und c) Zuleiten der abgeführten Tankatmosphäre zu einem Ottomotor. A method for emptying a tank, comprising the following steps: a) introducing an oxygen-free gas or gas mixture into the tank, b) removing the displaced by the introduced gas tank atmosphere and c) supplying the discharged tank atmosphere to a gasoline engine. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ottomotor lambdasondengesteuert wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gasoline engine is lambda probe controlled. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Tank ein durch das Absaugen erzeugter Unterdruck erzeugt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the tank, a vacuum generated by the suction is generated. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Basisdampfanteil in der Tankatmosphäre gemessen wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base vapor fraction is measured in the tank atmosphere. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Ottomotor zusätzlicher Kraftstoff zugeführt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gasoline engine additional fuel is supplied. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach einer ersten Absaugphase bei geschlossenem Tank eine Ruhephase durchgeführt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after a first suction phase with a closed tank, a resting phase is performed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verfahrensschritte a) bis c) nach einer Ruhephase wiederholt werden.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the method steps a) to c) are repeated after a rest phase. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Tank eine Gasströmung erzeugt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the tank, a gas flow is generated. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Tankinhalt Wärme zugeführt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tank contents heat is supplied. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Wärmeerzeugung die Abgastemperatur des Ottomotors verwendet wird.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the exhaust gas temperature of the gasoline engine is used for heat generation. Vorrichtung zur Restentleerung eines Tanks nach dem Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine mobile Einheit, die wenigstens einen Gastank, eine Pumpe und einen Ottomotor umfasst.Device for emptying a tank by the method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a mobile unit comprising at least one gas tank, a pump and a gasoline engine. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese in einem Container angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that it is arranged in a container. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese auf einem schwimmfähigen Fahrzeug angeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it is arranged on a floatable vehicle.
EP20110004011 2011-05-14 2011-05-14 Method for emptying the residue in tank facilities Not-in-force EP2524894B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104736432A (en) * 2013-01-23 2015-06-24 三菱重工业株式会社 Gas removal equipment, gas removal vessel, and method for removing gas from tank
WO2017202440A1 (en) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-30 Wärtsilä Moss As A method of inerting a gas tank in a marine vessel, a process of preparing a liquefied gas tank in a marine vessel for service and/or fuel change, and an arrangement for inerting a gas tank in a marine vessel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0027123B1 (en) * 1979-04-20 1985-03-27 WENDT, Hans Joachim Combustion piston engine provided with power control means
EP0298288A2 (en) * 1987-06-19 1989-01-11 INTERMAR-RESEARCH Gesellschaft für Forschung und Entwicklung mbH Process for reducing hydrocarbon emissions generated in tankers, tanker depots and ships and plant for performing the process
DE3903938A1 (en) 1989-02-10 1990-08-23 Peter Weil METHOD FOR DISPOSING THE GAS SPACE CONTENT OF LARGE-VOLUME CONTAINERS FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY DANGEROUS INGREDIENTS
DE3920398A1 (en) 1989-06-22 1991-01-03 Walter Prof Dipl In Sibbertsen METHOD FOR REDUCING THE HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS RESULTING FROM TANK WAREHOUSES, TANK VEHICLE FILLING POINTS AND SHIPS, AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
DE4320759A1 (en) 1993-02-27 1995-01-05 Gfd Ingenieur Und Beratungsges Method and installation for the residual emptying and degassing of tank wagons and tanks for the transport or storage of liquefied gas and for recovering the liquefied gas
WO2004036110A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-29 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for emptying a container
DE102005019971A1 (en) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-09 Rainer Boeck Emptying of hydrocarbon tanks involves inputting venting gas at reduced pressure with pressurisation from gas feed tank and with original atmosphere recirculated

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0027123B1 (en) * 1979-04-20 1985-03-27 WENDT, Hans Joachim Combustion piston engine provided with power control means
EP0298288A2 (en) * 1987-06-19 1989-01-11 INTERMAR-RESEARCH Gesellschaft für Forschung und Entwicklung mbH Process for reducing hydrocarbon emissions generated in tankers, tanker depots and ships and plant for performing the process
DE3903938A1 (en) 1989-02-10 1990-08-23 Peter Weil METHOD FOR DISPOSING THE GAS SPACE CONTENT OF LARGE-VOLUME CONTAINERS FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY DANGEROUS INGREDIENTS
DE3920398A1 (en) 1989-06-22 1991-01-03 Walter Prof Dipl In Sibbertsen METHOD FOR REDUCING THE HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS RESULTING FROM TANK WAREHOUSES, TANK VEHICLE FILLING POINTS AND SHIPS, AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
DE4320759A1 (en) 1993-02-27 1995-01-05 Gfd Ingenieur Und Beratungsges Method and installation for the residual emptying and degassing of tank wagons and tanks for the transport or storage of liquefied gas and for recovering the liquefied gas
WO2004036110A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-29 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for emptying a container
DE102005019971A1 (en) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-09 Rainer Boeck Emptying of hydrocarbon tanks involves inputting venting gas at reduced pressure with pressurisation from gas feed tank and with original atmosphere recirculated
DE102005019971B4 (en) 2005-04-27 2007-03-01 Rainer Boeck Method and device for emptying and degassing mobile tanks

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104736432A (en) * 2013-01-23 2015-06-24 三菱重工业株式会社 Gas removal equipment, gas removal vessel, and method for removing gas from tank
EP2899115A4 (en) * 2013-01-23 2015-11-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Gas removal equipment, gas removal vessel, and method for removing gas from tank
WO2017202440A1 (en) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-30 Wärtsilä Moss As A method of inerting a gas tank in a marine vessel, a process of preparing a liquefied gas tank in a marine vessel for service and/or fuel change, and an arrangement for inerting a gas tank in a marine vessel

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