EP2517216B1 - Tap changer with polarity switch for control transformer - Google Patents

Tap changer with polarity switch for control transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2517216B1
EP2517216B1 EP10776582.8A EP10776582A EP2517216B1 EP 2517216 B1 EP2517216 B1 EP 2517216B1 EP 10776582 A EP10776582 A EP 10776582A EP 2517216 B1 EP2517216 B1 EP 2517216B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tap
winding
polarity
tap changer
load shunt
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Active
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EP10776582.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2517216A1 (en
Inventor
Axel Kraemer
Dazhong Shen
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Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
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Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2517216A1 publication Critical patent/EP2517216A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a provided with selection tap changer with a poling circuit for uninterrupted control of a control transformer.
  • the DE 19 42 567 A describes a tap changer with a selection for selectable series connection of stages of the stage windings to the associated parent winding of a tapped transformer, in which the reversing contacts of the tap changer are designed as changeover contacts.
  • the tap winding of the corresponding tapped transformer is briefly electrically isolated from the main winding during operation of the preselector. It assumes a potential that results from the voltages of the neighboring windings and the coupling capacitances to these windings or grounded parts. The resulting differential voltages take up the switching path of the opening preselector contacts and can u. U. lead to invalid discharge phenomena at selection. To avoid this, it is known to connect the center of the tap winding via a polarity resistor during the switching phase of the preselector by means of a polarity switch with a fixed point of the main winding, often the neutral point of the transformer, and thus to steer the tap winding to a defined potential.
  • the DE 32 24 860 A describes a similar arrangement to a tap changer, where - shown in FIG. 1b Also, a poling resistor is in turn hinged to the center of the tap winding.
  • the DE 195 42 880 C1 shows a particularly suitable for such a short-term articulation of the middle of the tap winding polarity switch.
  • the DE 24 21 728 A1 describes a provided with a selection tap changer with poling circuit, wherein over the control winding voltage-dependent resistors in combination with oil spark gaps to protect against overvoltages when switching the preselector are arranged.
  • the prior art can be summarized as follows with pre-selected tap changers with poling circuit as follows: It is provided a polarity resistance between the center of the tap winding and the load dissipation, the current or only during the switching briefly, before the start of Vortexlerbetuschist, by means of a polarity switch connected to the load derivation. Characterized the step winding is articulated during the preselection circuit to a defined potential.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a tap changer with an improved poling circuit, which entails a significantly reduced arcing at preselection.
  • the general inventive idea which applies to both embodiments in the independent claims, is to provide two separate polarity resistors which are connected to the beginning and to the end of the step winding.
  • the essential advantage of both embodiments of the invention is that the inventively provided two polarity resistors form a bypass for the capacitive current; the capacitive current commutes from one side to the other side - unlike the state of the art, it does not have to be switched off by the preselector, ie. H. to be interrupted. As a result, significantly less arcing occurs.
  • FIG. 1 Shown is a main winding 1 and a tap winding 2 of a tapped transformer.
  • a tap changer is connected, which has a voter 3.
  • the selector 3 initially selects the new winding tapping of the tap winding 2, which is to be switched over, before switching over.
  • the switching itself is done by a known diverter switch 4 of the tap changer, which will not be discussed in detail here.
  • the tap changer has a preselector 5, by means of which, to increase the control range, the start or end of the tap winding 2 can be switched to the end of the main winding 1.
  • the actual poling circuit consists of a to the center 6 of the tap winding 2 hinged polarity resistor 7, which is either directly connected to the load discharge line 9 or, as shown here, via a polarity switch 8 is only briefly connected to the load discharge 9.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention; the same components are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • a first polarity resistor 11 is provided according to the invention at the beginning 10 of the step winding 2, which is connected by means of a first polarity switch 12 with the load dissipation.
  • a second polarity resistor 14 is further provided at the end 13 of the step winding 2, which is in turn connected to the load discharge line 9 via a second polarity switch 15.
  • the two polarity switches 12, 15 are only briefly turned on before the start of the operation of the preselector 5, so that only briefly the beginning 10 and the end 13 of the tap winding 2 are hinged to a defined potential.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which no polarity switches are provided. Rather, a first polarity resistor 11 and at the end 13 of the tap winding 2, a second polarity resistor 14 are fixed and permanently at the beginning 10 of the tap winding 2 hinged.
  • the mechanical complexity is lower because, as explained, separate polarity switch omitted; in return, the disadvantageous higher losses must be accepted by the continuous switching of the poling resistors 11, 14.
  • the polarity resistors 11, 14 can be designed asymmetrically in both embodiments, so that the specific polarity conditions can be easily adjusted or evened out on the respective transformer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen mit Vorwähler versehenen Stufenschalter mit einer Polungsschaltung zur unterbrechungslosen Regelung an einem Regeltransformator.The invention relates to a provided with selection tap changer with a poling circuit for uninterrupted control of a control transformer.

Die DE 19 42 567 A beschreibt einen Stufenschalter mit einem Vorwähler zur wählbaren Reihenschaltung von Stufen der Stufenwicklungen zur zugehörigen Stammwicklung eines Stufentransformators, bei dem die Wenderkontakte des Stufenschalters als Umschaltkontakte ausgebildet sind.The DE 19 42 567 A describes a tap changer with a selection for selectable series connection of stages of the stage windings to the associated parent winding of a tapped transformer, in which the reversing contacts of the tap changer are designed as changeover contacts.

Bei solchen Stufenschaltern wird die Stufenwicklung des entsprechenden Stufentransformators während der Betätigung des Vorwählers kurzzeitig galvanisch von der Stammwicklung getrennt. Dabei nimmt sie ein Potential an, das sich aus den Spannungen der Nachbarwicklungen sowie den Kopplungkapazitäten zu diesen Wicklungen bzw. zu geerdeten Teilen ergibt. Die damit entstehenden Differenzspannungen beanspruchen die Schaltstrecke der sich öffnenden Vorwählerkontakte und können u. U. zu unzulässigen Entladungserscheinungen am Vorwähler führen. Um dies zu vermeiden, ist es bekannt, die Mitte der Stufenwicklung über einen Polungswiderstand kurzzeitig während der Umschaltphase des Vorwählers mittels eines Polungsschalters mit einem festen Punkt der Stammwicklung, häufig dem Sternpunkt des Transformators, zu verbinden und damit die Stufenwicklung an ein definiertes Potential anzulenken.In such tap changers, the tap winding of the corresponding tapped transformer is briefly electrically isolated from the main winding during operation of the preselector. It assumes a potential that results from the voltages of the neighboring windings and the coupling capacitances to these windings or grounded parts. The resulting differential voltages take up the switching path of the opening preselector contacts and can u. U. lead to invalid discharge phenomena at selection. To avoid this, it is known to connect the center of the tap winding via a polarity resistor during the switching phase of the preselector by means of a polarity switch with a fixed point of the main winding, often the neutral point of the transformer, and thus to steer the tap winding to a defined potential.

Die DE 32 24 860 A beschreibt eine ähnliche Anordnung an einem Stufenschalter, bei der - dort gezeigt in Figur 1b - ebenfalls ein Polungswiderstand wiederum an der Mitte der Stufenwicklung angelenkt ist.The DE 32 24 860 A describes a similar arrangement to a tap changer, where - shown in FIG. 1b Also, a poling resistor is in turn hinged to the center of the tap winding.

Die DE 195 42 880 C1 zeigt einen für eine solche kurzzeitige Anlenkung der Mitte der Stufenwicklung besonders geeigneten Polungsschalter.The DE 195 42 880 C1 shows a particularly suitable for such a short-term articulation of the middle of the tap winding polarity switch.

Aus JP 55-133515 A und DD 47965 B1 ist es bekannt, bei einem mit Vorwähler versehenen Stufenschalter mit Polungsschaltung zur unterbrechungslosen Regelung an einem Regeltransformator über der Regelwicklung spannungsabhängige Widerstände zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen beim Schalten des Vorwählers anzuordnen.Out JP 55-133515 A and DD 47965 B1 It is known to arrange voltage-dependent resistors for protection against overvoltages when switching the preselector in a pre-selected with tap changer with poling circuit for uninterrupted control of a control transformer on the control winding.

Die DE 24 21 728 A1 beschreibt einen mit einem Vorwähler versehenen Stufenschalter mit Polungsschaltung, wobei über der Regelwicklung spannungsabhängige Widerstände in Kombination mit Ölfunkenstrecken zum Schutz vor Überspannungen beim Schalten des Vorwählers angeordnet sind.The DE 24 21 728 A1 describes a provided with a selection tap changer with poling circuit, wherein over the control winding voltage-dependent resistors in combination with oil spark gaps to protect against overvoltages when switching the preselector are arranged.

Aus der DE 11 65 154 A schließlich ist es bereits bekannt, bei einem mit Vorwähler versehenen Stufenschalter die Mittelanzapfung der Regelwicklung über einen spannungsabhängigen Widerstand zum Schutz vor Überspannungen beim Schalten des Vorwählers mit der Lastableitung zu verbinden und parallel zu den Anschlüssen der Regelwicklung spannungsabhängige Widerstände vorzusehen.From the DE 11 65 154 A Finally, it is already known to connect at a provided with selection tap changer the center tap of the control winding via a voltage-dependent resistor to protect against overvoltages when switching the preselector with the load dissipation and parallel to the terminals of the control winding voltage-dependent resistors.

Zusammenfassend lässt sich der bekannte Stand der Technik bei mit Vorwählern versehenen Stufenschaltern mit Polungsschaltung wie folgt zusammenfassen: Es ist ein Polungswiderstand zwischen der Mitte der Stufenwicklung und der Lastableitung vorgesehen, der ständig oder nur während der Umschaltung kurzzeitig, vor Beginn der Vorwählerbetätigung, mittels eines Polungsschalters mit der Lastableitung verbunden ist. Dadurch wird die Stufenwicklung während der Vorwählerschaltung an ein definiertes Potential angelenkt.In summary, the prior art can be summarized as follows with pre-selected tap changers with poling circuit as follows: It is provided a polarity resistance between the center of the tap winding and the load dissipation, the current or only during the switching briefly, before the start of Vorwählerbetätigung, by means of a polarity switch connected to the load derivation. Characterized the step winding is articulated during the preselection circuit to a defined potential.

Nachteilig bei diesen bekannten Lösungen ist, dass durch diese Polungsschaltung vom Vorwähler der unerwünschte kapazitive Strom geschaltet, d. h. unterbrochen wird; Lichtbögen sind dabei unvermeidlich. Diese Lichtbögen verursachen eine Gasbildung. Dies ist für zahlreiche Anwendungen unerwünscht, beispielsweise bei Ultra-Hochspannungsanwendungen. Mit steigender Systemspannung werden diese unerwünschten Gase immer störender.A disadvantage of these known solutions is that switched by this polarity of the selection of the unwanted capacitive current, d. H. is interrupted; Arcs are inevitable. These arcs cause gas formation. This is undesirable for many applications, such as ultra-high voltage applications. As the system voltage increases, these unwanted gases become more and more disturbing.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es demnach, einen Stufenschalter mit einer verbesserten Polungsschaltung vorzusehen, die eine deutlich reduzierte Lichtbogenbildung am Vorwähler nach sich zieht.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a tap changer with an improved poling circuit, which entails a significantly reduced arcing at preselection.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Stufenschalter der eingangs genannten Art mit den Merkmalen der nebengeordneten Patentansprüche 1 oder 2 gelöst.This object is achieved by a tap changer of the type mentioned with the features of the independent claims 1 or 2.

Die allgemeine erfinderische Idee, die für beide Ausführungsformen in den nebengeordneten Ansprüchen gilt, besteht darin, zwei separate Polungswiderstände vorzusehen die an den Anfang und an das Ende der Stufenwicklung angeschlossen sind.The general inventive idea, which applies to both embodiments in the independent claims, is to provide two separate polarity resistors which are connected to the beginning and to the end of the step winding.

Der wesentliche Vorteil beider Ausführungsformen der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen beiden Polungswiderstände einen Bypass für den kapazitiven Strom bilden; der kapazitive Strom kommutiert von einer Seite auf die andere Seite - er muss, abweichend vom Stand der Technik, vom Vorwähler nicht abgeschaltet, d. h. unterbrochen werden. In der Folge ergibt sich eine deutlich geringere Lichtbogenbildung.The essential advantage of both embodiments of the invention is that the inventively provided two polarity resistors form a bypass for the capacitive current; the capacitive current commutes from one side to the other side - unlike the state of the art, it does not have to be switched off by the preselector, ie. H. to be interrupted. As a result, significantly less arcing occurs.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an Hand von Zeichnungen noch näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Anordnung nach dem Stand der Technik
Figur 2
eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung gemäß Patentanspruch 1
Figur 3
eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung gemäß Patentanspruch 2.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
an arrangement according to the prior art
FIG. 2
A first embodiment of the invention according to claim 1
FIG. 3
A second embodiment of the invention according to claim 2.

Zunächst soll an Hand von Figur 1 noch einmal der bekannte Stand der Technik einer Polungsanordnung erläutert werden. Gezeigt ist eine Stammwicklung 1 und eine Stufenwicklung 2 eines Stufentransformators. An der Stufenwicklung 2 ist ein Stufenschalter angeschlossen, der einen Wähler 3 besitzt. Der Wähler 3 wählt vor einer Umschaltung zunächst leistungslos die neue Wicklungsanzapfung der Stufenwicklung 2 vor, auf die umgeschaltet werden soll. Die Umschaltung selbst erfolgt durch einen bekannten Lastumschalter 4 des Stufenschalters, auf den hier nicht näher eingegangen werden soll. Weiterhin weist der Stufenschalter einen Vorwähler 5 auf, durch den zur Vergrößerung des Regelbereiches Anfang oder Ende der Stufenwicklung 2 an das Ende der Stammwicklung 1 geschaltet werden können. Die eigentliche Polungsschaltung besteht aus einem an die Mitte 6 der Stufenwicklung 2 angelenkten Polungswiderstand 7, der entweder direkt mit der Lastableitung 9 verbunden ist oder, wie hier gezeigt, über einen Polungsschalter 8 nur kurzzeitig mit der Lastableitung 9 verbunden ist.First, to hand on FIG. 1 Once again the known state of the art of a poling arrangement will be explained. Shown is a main winding 1 and a tap winding 2 of a tapped transformer. At the tap winding 2, a tap changer is connected, which has a voter 3. The selector 3 initially selects the new winding tapping of the tap winding 2, which is to be switched over, before switching over. The switching itself is done by a known diverter switch 4 of the tap changer, which will not be discussed in detail here. Furthermore, the tap changer has a preselector 5, by means of which, to increase the control range, the start or end of the tap winding 2 can be switched to the end of the main winding 1. The actual poling circuit consists of a to the center 6 of the tap winding 2 hinged polarity resistor 7, which is either directly connected to the load discharge line 9 or, as shown here, via a polarity switch 8 is only briefly connected to the load discharge 9.

Die ständige Anlenkung des Polungswiderstandes 7 - obwohl er nur während der Umschaltung benötigt wird - verursacht zusätzliche Transformatorenverluste, weswegen in vielen Fällen ein Polungsschalter 8 in die Polungsschaltung eingefügt ist.The constant articulation of the polarity resistor 7 - although it is needed only during the switching - causes additional transformer losses, which is why in many cases a polarity switch 8 is inserted in the polarity circuit.

Figur 2 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung; gleiche Bauteile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Abweichend vom Stand der Technik ist erfindungsgemäß am Anfang 10 der Stufenwicklung 2 ein erster Polungswiderstand 11 vorgesehen, der mittels eines ersten Polungsschalters 12 mit der Lastableitung in Verbindung steht. Erfindungsgemäß ist weiterhin am Ende 13 der Stufenwicklung 2 ein zweiter Polungswiderstand 14 vorgesehen, der über einen zweiten Polungsschalter 15 wiederum mit der Lastableitung 9 in Verbindung steht. Die beiden Polungsschalter 12, 15 werden nur kurzzeitig vor Beginn der Betätigung des Vorwählers 5 eingeschaltet, so dass nur kurzzeitig der Anfang 10 und das Ende 13 der Stufenwicklung 2 an ein definiertes Potential angelenkt werden. FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention; the same components are provided with the same reference numerals. Notwithstanding the prior art, a first polarity resistor 11 is provided according to the invention at the beginning 10 of the step winding 2, which is connected by means of a first polarity switch 12 with the load dissipation. According to the invention, a second polarity resistor 14 is further provided at the end 13 of the step winding 2, which is in turn connected to the load discharge line 9 via a second polarity switch 15. The two polarity switches 12, 15 are only briefly turned on before the start of the operation of the preselector 5, so that only briefly the beginning 10 and the end 13 of the tap winding 2 are hinged to a defined potential.

Figur 3 zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der keine Polungsschalter vorgesehen sind. Vielmehr sind hier fest und dauernd am Anfang 10 der Stufenwicklung 2 ein erster Polungswiderstand 11 und am Ende 13 der Stufenwicklung 2 ein zweiter Polungswiderstand 14 angelenkt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der mechanische Aufwand geringer, da, wie erläutert, separate Polungsschalter wegfallen; im Gegenzug müssen die nachteiligen höheren Verluste durch die dauernde Einschaltung der Polungswiderstände 11, 14 hingenommen werden. FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which no polarity switches are provided. Rather, a first polarity resistor 11 and at the end 13 of the tap winding 2, a second polarity resistor 14 are fixed and permanently at the beginning 10 of the tap winding 2 hinged. In this embodiment of the invention, the mechanical complexity is lower because, as explained, separate polarity switch omitted; in return, the disadvantageous higher losses must be accepted by the continuous switching of the poling resistors 11, 14.

Letztendlich ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung eine Ermessensfrage für welche der beiden Varianten man sich entscheidet. Beide Ausführungsformen lassen sich bei einphasigen Stufenschaltern ohne großen Aufwand realisieren.Ultimately, it is within the scope of the invention, a discretionary question for which of the two variants one decides. Both embodiments can be realized in single-phase tap changers without much effort.

Auf besonders vorteilhafte Weise können bei beiden Ausführungsformen die Polungswiderstände 11, 14 unsymmetrisch ausgelegt werden, so dass die spezifischen Polungsbedingungen am jeweiligen Transformator auf einfache Weise justiert bzw. vergleichmäßigt werden können.In a particularly advantageous manner, the polarity resistors 11, 14 can be designed asymmetrically in both embodiments, so that the specific polarity conditions can be easily adjusted or evened out on the respective transformer.

Claims (3)

  1. Tap changer, which is provided with a preselector, with a polarity circuit for uninterrupted regulation at a regulating transformer, wherein the regulating transformer comprises one or more main windings (1) and a tap winding (2), wherein the tap changer is switchable between different winding taps of a tap winding (2), which are each connectible with a load shunt (9), and wherein a polarity circuit is provided in such a manner that the tap winding (2) during switching over from one winding tap to another winding tap is connectible with the load shunt (9), characterised in that provided at the start (10) of the tap winding (2) is a first polarity resistance (11) which is connected with the load shunt (9) by way of a first polarity switch (12) and that provided at the end (13) of the tap winding (2) is a second polarity resistance (14) which in turn is connected with the load shunt (9) by way of a second polarity switch (15).
  2. Tap changer, which is provided with a preselector, with a polarity circuit for uninterrupted regulation at a regulating transformer, wherein the regulating transformer comprises one or more main windings (1) and a tap winding (2), wherein the tap changer is switchable between different winding taps of a tap winding (2), which are each connectible with a load shunt (9), and wherein a polarity circuit is provided in such a manner that the tap winding (2) during switching over from one winding tap to another winding tap is connectible with the load shunt (9), characterised in that provided at the start (10) of the tap winding (2) is a first polarity resistance (11) which is connected with the load shunt (9) and that provided at the end (13) of the tap winding (2) is a second polarity resistance (14) which in turn is connected with the load shunt (9).
  3. Tap changer according to claim 1 or. 2, characterised in that the two polarity resistances (11, 14) have different electrical values.
EP10776582.8A 2009-12-23 2010-11-02 Tap changer with polarity switch for control transformer Active EP2517216B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009060132A DE102009060132B3 (en) 2009-12-23 2009-12-23 Tap changer with polarity switch on a control transformer
PCT/EP2010/006665 WO2011076309A1 (en) 2009-12-23 2010-11-02 Step switch comprising a polarity switch for a variable transformer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2517216A1 EP2517216A1 (en) 2012-10-31
EP2517216B1 true EP2517216B1 (en) 2013-10-23

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US (1) US8576038B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2517216B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2013516051A (en)
KR (1) KR20120103574A (en)
CN (1) CN102667975B (en)
DE (1) DE102009060132B3 (en)
HK (1) HK1173553A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011076309A1 (en)

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US20120249277A1 (en) 2012-10-04
DE102009060132B3 (en) 2011-05-12
WO2011076309A1 (en) 2011-06-30
JP2013516051A (en) 2013-05-09
CN102667975B (en) 2015-05-06
KR20120103574A (en) 2012-09-19
HK1173553A1 (en) 2013-05-16
US8576038B2 (en) 2013-11-05
EP2517216A1 (en) 2012-10-31
CN102667975A (en) 2012-09-12

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