EP2514871A1 - System and method for laying and compacting an asphalt layer - Google Patents
System and method for laying and compacting an asphalt layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2514871A1 EP2514871A1 EP11003244A EP11003244A EP2514871A1 EP 2514871 A1 EP2514871 A1 EP 2514871A1 EP 11003244 A EP11003244 A EP 11003244A EP 11003244 A EP11003244 A EP 11003244A EP 2514871 A1 EP2514871 A1 EP 2514871A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compaction
- asphalt
- paver
- density module
- asphalt layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
- E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of patent claim 16.
- a mobile compactor on built asphalt is performed using a digitized target space model in comparison with an also digitized actual place model, in which target densities and actual densities are shown.
- the respective actual degree of compaction is determined beforehand, eg by assessment.
- the compactor travels over a test area to determine the compaction power and / or number of necessary crossings required for final compaction.
- the invention has for its object to provide an economical and efficient system and method for installing an asphalt layer with which to achieve a uniform as possible high final degree of compaction in the installed asphalt layer the real compaction actually produced by the road paver for general operation optimization and monitoring on the site is better considered.
- the material-density module procures the respective actual degree of compaction generated by at least one compaction tool of the screed, evaluates it, and thus provides meaningful information that can be used for general operation optimization and / or monitoring, wherein either the Operation of the paver can be directly optimized and monitored, or the paver as the central producer of the asphalt layer can cause peripheral accessories also in terms of their operational optimization (pull principle).
- the compacting device with position data and the respective determined actual degree of compaction so that, starting from the actual degree of compaction later on at this position, despite fluctuations in the actual degree of compaction, it produces only the compaction power which produces the desired final compaction degree.
- the material-density module can be used to provide the mixing plant with information on the basis of which alarm messages are triggered when the composition (formulation) and / or temperature limits of the asphalt material supplied ascertained or exceeded at the road paver .
- the mixing plant can then be the composition of the asphalt material, for example, in view of better processability and / or a different composition, promptly, ie, adjusted only with the delay caused by the supply chain to the paver.
- the result is a high-quality asphalt layer be installed economically and efficiently, since the material-density module functions as a guiding component of a site management system.
- the information required for economical and efficient operation of the at least one compaction device about the actual compaction degree generated by the compacting tools of the screed paver of the paver need not be estimated inaccurately or separately and only relatively late on the compacting device to be determined and evaluated, since they already at an early stage are available when working the paver.
- For a sufficiently high and uniform degree of final compaction is a prerequisite for the road or traffic surface to play its desired characteristics, in particular the load capacity, ie the ability to absorb traffic-induced loads and transfer them to the ground, without deforming the built-in asphalt layer and For example, ruts are formed.
- the compaction apparatus Since, when installed with the screed, the actual degree of compaction achieved may change due to various factors, it is important that the compaction apparatus produce only the compaction power required to achieve the desired final compaction level during subsequent compaction at the particular position.
- the compaction to the degree of final compaction takes place for example by a roller compaction, ie, for example by static Auflast- or vibration or Oszillationsverdichtung.
- Compaction equipment such as asphalt rollers compresses two stages per crossing, as they have two drums or wheelsets.
- rollers in contrast to the paver, usually overrun every position of the asphalt layer several times, so that it is of considerable advantage to carry out the final compaction exactly taking into account the actual compaction generated and communicated by the compaction tools of the screed.
- the use of the material-density module makes it possible to optimize and monitor the operation of the road paver very efficiently, for example in a regulation that is closed by the actual degree of compaction generated, with regard to the compaction of the asphalt layer determined on the screed Operating parameters, eg automatically, to be changed and the result of the changes is immediately read off the actual degree of compaction. All in all, this greatly reduces the load on the paver, every compactor, and even in the mixing plant.
- the material-density module is arranged either on the paver, or is at least one data-acquiring part of the material-density module on the paver and another part stationary or mobile placed separately from the paver, in the latter case expedient between the Parts of communication links are provided.
- the paver itself can optimize operations, and the paver who builds the asphalt layer can act as a master for peripheral accessories and guide them.
- the screed prefferably has at least actual degree of compactness measuring devices, in particular probes, installed and connected to the material density module, so that the data for the actual degree of compaction can be obtained, evaluated and / or documented practically in real time.
- the actual degree of compaction of the asphalt layer is determined indirectly by scanning and converting operating parameters of at least one compaction tool via the material-density module, preferably taking into account the composition of the asphalt material delivered by the mixer to the paver.
- the actual degree of compaction generated by the tamper can be determined, or from the frequency of the provided with the vibration device Glättbleches be closed on the actual degree of compaction generated by the screed plate, or from the hydraulic loading of the respective pressure bar , the frequency of the pressure pulses and / or the penetration depth and / or acceleration of the pressure bar at each stroke, the present according to the pressure bar actual degree of compaction are determined relatively accurately.
- a computing section is provided for a computational determination of the respective actual degree of compaction of the asphalt layer. This can determine and evaluate the actual degree of compaction from the installed mass per built-in unit length, preferably taking into account the layer thickness and the installation width relatively accurately.
- the calculation section may be part of the material density module, or may communicate with it remotely.
- Another possibility is to calculate the actual degree of compaction by numerical means, in particular via at least one neural network, via the material-density module.
- the paver has a navigation system linked to the material-density module.
- the actual degree of compaction determined by the material-density module can be combined at least with position data, preferably also with procured layer and / or time and / or temperature information, which is meaningful for the compaction device, for example can take into account an operational delay until final compression at the respective position in the adjustment of the compaction performance.
- the material-density module is connected to a central computer, preferably a server, which, preferably, is stationary on the road paver or separated therefrom or placed mobile.
- the material-density module preferably for optimizing the operation of the screed on the material-density module, operating parameters, such as at least frequency, stroke, pressure bars, Beauftschungstik, penetration depth and possibly even the heating power for the like.
- the compaction tools at least taking into account the temperature of the asphalt material or the predetermined final degree of compaction. This operational optimization achieves a uniformly high, hardly fluctuating actual degree of compaction without appreciable load on the personnel, so that the compacting device only needs to apply less power or execute a few crossings.
- At least one operating parameter of the paver such as at least the paving speed and / or the material throughput to the screed and / or the auger speed and / or performance varies, which may preferably be done taking into account the temperature of the supplied asphalt material and / or the predetermined final degree of compaction.
- data communication paths are provided between the material-density module and directly or indirectly to the mixer and / or the compactor to either know in advance on the basis of data communicated the compaction expected compaction performance at the respective position and then set without Zeitnot and / or inform the mixer if the temperature of the delivered asphalt material should be below or above predetermined limits.
- the screed comprises at least two compacting tools, which act on successive stages in the installation direction, from the following group: at least one tamper, at least one screed plate with a vibration device, at least one hydraulically operated pressure strip, wherein the material-density module the actual degree of compaction is obtainable after at least one or each stage or after the last stage.
- an efficient construction site management (site management) it may be advantageous to assign at least one information and / or data-storing documentation module to the material density module. In this way records of optimal working conditions or basic settings of parameters can be maintained, which can later be called up at other construction sites and used under similar installation conditions.
- the compaction device has an on-board or external compaction management system also for processing data communicated by the material-density module of the paver, preferably with a monitoring and / or documentation section at least for the final degree of compaction of the asphalt layer and / or the applied compaction performance.
- the system either works largely automatically or guides the respective operator.
- An in Fig. 1 schematically indicated system S for installing an asphalt layer D on a construction site includes, for example, an asphalt material mixer W, at least one paver F with at least one screed E, and at least one mobile compactor V. Between the mixer W and the paver F extends a Delivery line L for asphalt material A prepared in mixing plant W with a specific composition and / or temperature, which is transported via truck 3 and delivered by each truck directly to paver F, or using a feeder B moving in front of paver F At the construction site several road pavers F can be driven simultaneously and / or several compactors V.
- the mixer W has feeders 1, 2 for producing a specific composition of the asphalt material A, which is filled with adjustable temperature and composition in the respective truck 3.
- the delivered asphalt material A has a temperature which depends on, for example, the length of the delivery path L and / or the ambient conditions, and is filled either by the respective truck 3 or by the feeder B into a bunker 5 of the paver F. From the bunker 5, the asphalt material A is brought by a longitudinal conveyor 6 to the rear to a distribution screw 7, which is driven at adjustable speed and / or power, and the discarded asphalt material A across a leveling cylinder on the paver F adjustable screed E across distributed on the ground.
- the road paver F has a navigation system 8, an electronic control 9 with, for example, a central computer Z, and an appropriate on-board material density module M, with the example of measuring devices such as probes 10 on the paver F and / or the screed E of the screed E real produced actual degree of compaction at a respective position in the asphalt layer D can be procured, evaluated and, for example, in the form of data can be documented.
- the material-density module M is constituted, for example, by at least one electronic hardware module at a slot, for example in the controller 9 and / or the central computer Z and corresponding software.
- the respective compactor V also has a navigation system 8, and may have an on-board compression management system K, for example.
- the road paver F Using at least the, preferably electronic, material-density module M of the road paver F, its operation can be optimized and / or monitored and documented, since the respectively determined and procured actual degree of compaction on the screed gives information on how the screed E works, so that, for example, in a closed loop over the actual degree of compaction operating parameters of the screed E with respect to an optimal and / or desired work result can be varied.
- Operating parameters of the road paver F can also be optimized, monitored and / or documented, such as the installation speed, the throughput rate of the longitudinal conveyor device 6 and / or the speed and / or performance and / or height adjustment of the transverse distribution screw 7.
- Further operating parameters to be optimized such as the heat outputs of the asphalt layer D processing compaction tools in the screed E be that produce the respective actual degree of compaction at a certain position P of the asphalt layer D, or height adjustments of the leveling cylinder for the screed E.
- Measurement devices can determine the temperature of the asphalt material delivered to the paver F and also such data at least to the material density module M, which also communicates with the navigation system 8 in order to combine the respectively determined actual degree of compaction of the asphalt layer D with position and / or time and / or layer and / or temperature information.
- This allows the compactor V to inform in advance before this reaches the respective position P.
- the compaction power required based on the actual degree of compaction be determined in advance, without any time pressure, so that the compactor V later just just generates the compaction power or executes number of crossings, starting from the actual degree of compaction to achieve the predetermined final degree of compaction are required.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the built-in asphalt layer D, which has a layer thickness 13, a paving width 14, and differently inclined portions 11, 12 on both sides of the center.
- the asphalt layer D is installed by the road paver F and the screed E with a uniform over the installation width 14 actual degree of compaction, and is later densified by the compacting device V, the cross-sectional profile must be maintained as shown, and the compacting device may never end-densify positions in which there is a critical temperature range which does not ensure a final compression. This danger can be safely built up by the communicated information of the material density module M (also temperature information).
- the screed E in Fig. 3 is a Ausziehbohle with a Grundbohlenteil 15 and laterally movable Ausziehbohlen 16, which allow a change in the installation width 14.
- a screed E with an invariable paving width could be used (not shown).
- the base board 15, as well as each Ausziehbohle 16, has a bottom side scarf plate 17, on which at least one operable with selectable speed Vibration device 18 is arranged so that the smoothing plate 17 operates as a compaction tool in a stage of the screed E.
- a further compaction tool is a tamper having at least one tamper strip 19 with an eccentric drive 20 whose rotational speed and / or eccentricity (ie stroke) can be selected, the tamper 19 being in the installation direction (FIG. Fig. 3 from right to left) frontmost step and before the screed plate 17 is brought to act on the asphalt material A (two compacting tools 17, 19 or stages).
- Fig. 4 Screed shown is also a Ausziehbohle with a base screed 15 and Ausziehbohlen 16, but could (not shown) also be a screed with fixed pave width.
- a third stage with another compaction tool which here by at least one pressure bar 21 (here two consecutively) is constituted, which is operable via a hydraulic drive 22 with vertical pressure pulses and optionally adjustable acceleration and in Installation direction behind the screed plate 17 works.
- at least one pressure bar 21 here two consecutively
- the screed in Fig. 4 thanks to the at least one pressure bar 21, an actual degree of compaction of even approximately 98% can be generated, in practice, as a rule, however, the built-in asphalt layer D is still protected by at least one compacting device V (FIG. Fig. 1 ).
- Fig. 5 schematically indicates a part of the construction site on which the paver, not shown, has installed the asphalt layer D, wherein the actual degree of compaction is determined and evaluated via the material density module M at the respective position P.
- the different actual densities are indicated by different colorations 23, 24.
- the compacting device V taking recourse to the data communicated by the material-density module M, moves to the respective positions P, only bringing the compaction power required there to reach the predetermined final compaction degree from the communicated actual compaction level.
- Temperature information can also be supplied to the compression management system K for the respective positions P, for example.
- actual degree of compactness measuring devices 10 may be, for example, distributed over the paving width probes, which are connected to transmit the Meßwertwert with the material density module M, and expedient measure the actual degree of compaction of each stage of the compaction tools 17, 19, 21 and communicate or after the last stage (screed plate 17 or pressure bar 21) present at the respective position P actual degree of compaction.
- a plurality of probes can be provided transversely to the mounting direction to determine an average of the actual degree of compaction.
- the actual degree of compaction can also be determined indirectly by tapping operating parameters of, for example, the compaction tools 17, 19, 21, for example via the stroke and frequency of the tamper 19, the frequency and power of the vibration device 18, or the hydraulic application pressure and / or the frequency the pressure pulses and / or the penetration depth and / or acceleration of each pressure bar 21, for example, based on the built-in per built-in unit length mass of asphalt material A.
- the composition and optionally temperature of the supplied asphalt material is taken into account.
- the respective actual degree of compaction can also be calculated numerically, for example via at least one neural network, for example, the central computer Z or Z 'can be used for calculations, and, suitably, the material density module M a not shown documentation module can be assigned, are documented and stored in the data and / or information.
- the layer thickness 13 and the paving width 14 at the respective position P or on the built-in unit length is expediently taken into account, optionally in turn, taking into account the temperature of the asphalt material delivered to the paver F ,
- the actual compaction levels obtained by the material density module M after each stage may be optimized, for example the installation speed, the throughput of the longitudinal conveyor 6 and / or the speed and / or power and / or height position of the transverse distributor auger 7 on the paver F, the angle of attack of the screed, for example, via the leveling cylinder, and possibly even the heating power of heaters of the compaction tools.
- the actual degree of compaction after the first stage is, for example, a meaningful variable for largely keeping the angle of attack of the screed E, which is set via the leveling cylinder, not shown on the paver F and, inter alia, crucial for the flatness of the asphalt layer D.
- the density of the asphalt material A changes during processing.
- the asphalt material A has its bulk density after the mixing process, which changes slightly during transport in the supply chain L, before, starting from the bulk density of the screed, a multi-stage compression process takes place.
- the subsequent final compression by the compactor V may be a static ballast, vibration or oscillation compaction.
- Asphalt rollers densify in two stages per crossing, as they have two bandages (wheelsets), each roller being able to cover every position of the asphalt layer several times.
- the temperature and the density or the present actual degree of compaction reached until the action of the respective compaction tool is important information.
- This information allows the operation of the compaction tools 17, 19, 21 read off, so to speak.
- at least some of the above-mentioned operating parameters are changed until the result confirms or returns to a desired optimum.
- This can be, for example, a relatively high and very uniform actual degree of compaction, so that the compacting device V only has to provide relatively little and as uniform a performance as possible.
- the material density module M determines or procures the actual degree of compaction expediently after each stage and transmits this, for example, with position, layer, time and temperature information to the central computer Z or Z ', which is for example a server.
- a documentation module can store the information of the material density module M.
- the central computer Z of the paver F knows, since these data are provided for example via a construction site management system, the processed mass, for example, in kilograms / per meter or kilograms / square meter. Since the central computer Z also knows the layer thickness 13 and the installation width 14, can also these parameters are used to determine the respective actual degree of compaction.
- the actual degree of compaction generated after the last compression stage is documented in a position-related manner using the navigation system (satellite navigation system G) and communicated to the respective compactor V, for example combined with the time, temperature or shift information.
- the compression management system K can be used, for example for monitoring and documentation of Endverdichtungsgrades, the compactor V on the communicated data of the material density module M of the paver F, and only the required at the respective position P. Compaction power generated.
- the compacting device V produces the indicated by the uniform coloring at 24 final compaction.
- the final work results are, for example, also operating parameters and route information, the processed asphalt material, and the like., Where appropriate, as well as faults and the like, documented and verifiable.
- the documented data can later be used on a different construction site with similar prerequisites to save time, at least for the basic setting of operating parameters.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein System gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 16.The invention relates to a system according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of
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In der Praxis ist es ferner üblich, Betriebsparameter des Straßenfertigers und/oder der Einbaubohle durch das Personal nach Erfahrung und Inspektion der eingebauten Asphaltschicht zu optimieren bzw. hierzu auf Schätzungen oder Erfahrungswerte zurückzugreifen. Aufgrund der Vielzahl dabei zu berücksichtigender Einflüsse ist diese Vorgangsweise zeitaufwändig und im Resultat häufig unbefriedigend und korrekturbedürftig (Trial-und Error-Methode).In practice, it is also common to optimize operating parameters of the paver and / or the screed by the staff for experience and inspection of the installed asphalt layer or to use estimates or empirical values. Due to the large number of influences to be taken into consideration, this procedure is time-consuming and as a result often unsatisfactory and in need of correction (trial and error method).
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein ökonomisches und effizientes System und ein Verfahren zum Einbauen einer Asphaltschicht anzugeben, mit denen zum Erzielen eines möglichst gleichmäßigen hohen Endverdichtungsgrades in der eingebauten Asphaltschicht die vom Straßenfertiger real erzeugte Ist-Verdichtung zur allgemeinen Betriebsoptimierung und Überwachung auf der Baustelle besser berücksichtigbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide an economical and efficient system and method for installing an asphalt layer with which to achieve a uniform as possible high final degree of compaction in the installed asphalt layer the real compaction actually produced by the road paver for general operation optimization and monitoring on the site is better considered.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und des Patentanspruchs 16 gelöst.The stated object is achieved with the features of claim 1 and of
Das Material-Dichte-Modul beschafft gleich beim Einbau den jeweiligen, von wenigstens einem Verdichtungswerkzeug der Einbaubohle erzeugten Ist-Verdichtungsgrad, wertet diesen aus, und stellt somit aussagefähige Informationen bereit, die zur allgemeinen Betriebsoptimierung und/oder -überwachung nutzbar sind, wobei entweder der Betrieb des Straßenfertigers direkt optimierbar und überwachbar ist, oder der Straßenfertiger als zentraler Produzent der Asphaltschicht periphere Zubehöreinrichtungen auch im Hinblick auf deren Betriebsoptimierung führen kann (Pull-Prinzip). So ist es z.B. möglich, das Verdichtungsgerät mit Positionsdaten und dem jeweils ermittelten Ist-Verdichtungsgrad so zu informieren, dass dieses ausgehend von dem Ist-Verdichtungsgrad später an dieser Position trotz Fluktuationen des Ist-Verdichtungsgrades nur die Verdichtungsleistung erbringt, die den gewünschten Endverdichtungsgrad erzeugt, d.h., weder überschüssige Verdichtungsleistung erzeugt, die in einer unzweckmäßigen Energievergeudung oder sogar Beschädigung der Asphaltschicht resultieren könnte, noch zu wenig verdichtet, was die Tragfähigkeit der Asphaltschicht mindern würde. Das Verdichtungsgerät erfährt vom Material-Dichte-Modul frühzeitig, welche Verdichtungsleistung und/oder wie viele Überfahrten an der jeweiligen Position gebraucht werden, und kann ohne Zeitnot entsprechend gefahren und eingestellt werden. Alternativ oder additiv lässt sich über den Material-Dichte-Modul das Mischwerk mit Informationen versorgen, auf deren Basis Alarmmeldungen ausgelöst werden, wenn am Straßenfertiger ermittelte Zusammensetzungs- (Rezeptur) und/oder Temperatur-Grenzwerte des gelieferten Asphalt-Materials unter- oder überschritten werden. Im Mischwerk kann dann auch die Zusammensetzung des Asphalt-Materials, z.B. im Hinblick auf bessere Verarbeitbarkeit und/oder eine andere Zusammensetzung, umgehend, d.h., nur mit der durch die Lieferkette zum Straßenfertiger bedingten Verzögerung, angepasst werden. Im Resultat kann so eine qualitativ hochwertige Asphaltschicht ökonomisch und effizient eingebaut werden, da das Material-Dichte-Modul als leitender Bestandteil eines Baustellen-Management-Systems (Site-Management) fungiert.Immediately upon installation, the material-density module procures the respective actual degree of compaction generated by at least one compaction tool of the screed, evaluates it, and thus provides meaningful information that can be used for general operation optimization and / or monitoring, wherein either the Operation of the paver can be directly optimized and monitored, or the paver as the central producer of the asphalt layer can cause peripheral accessories also in terms of their operational optimization (pull principle). Thus, it is possible, for example, to inform the compacting device with position data and the respective determined actual degree of compaction so that, starting from the actual degree of compaction later on at this position, despite fluctuations in the actual degree of compaction, it produces only the compaction power which produces the desired final compaction degree. that is, it does not generate excess compaction power, which could result in an inappropriate waste of energy or even damage to the asphalt layer, nor too compacted, which would reduce the carrying capacity of the asphalt layer. The compactor learns from the material-density module early, which compression performance and / or how many crossings are needed at the respective position, and can be driven and adjusted accordingly without Zeitnotnot. Alternatively or additively, the material-density module can be used to provide the mixing plant with information on the basis of which alarm messages are triggered when the composition (formulation) and / or temperature limits of the asphalt material supplied ascertained or exceeded at the road paver , In the mixing plant can then be the composition of the asphalt material, for example, in view of better processability and / or a different composition, promptly, ie, adjusted only with the delay caused by the supply chain to the paver. The result is a high-quality asphalt layer be installed economically and efficiently, since the material-density module functions as a guiding component of a site management system.
Verfahrensgemäß brauchen die für einen ökonomischen und effizienten Betrieb des mindestens einen Verdichtungsgerätes erforderlichen Informationen über den von den Verdichtungswerkzeugen der Einbaubohle des Straßenfertigers erzeugten Ist-Verdichtungsgrad nicht ungenau geschätzt oder separat und erst relativ spät am Verdichtungsgerät ermittelt und ausgewertet zu werden, da sie bereits frühzeitig schon beim Arbeiten des Straßenfertigers verfügbar sind. Dies vereinfacht den Betriebsablauf signifikant und resultiert in einem gleichbleibend hohen Endverdichtungsgrad, was eine der wesentlichen Zielgrößen im Asphaltierungsprozess ist. Denn ein ausreichend hoher und gleichförmiger Endverdichtungsgrad ist eine Voraussetzung dafür, dass die Straße oder Verkehrsfläche ihre gewünschten Eigenschaften auszuspielen vermag, insbesondere die Tragfähigkeit, d.h. die Fähigkeit, durch Verkehr hervorgerufene Lasten aufzunehmen und in den Untergrund überzuleiten, ohne dass sich die eingebaute Asphaltschicht verformt und z.B. Spurrillen gebildet werden. Da sich beim Einbau mit der Einbaubohle der erzielte Ist-Verdichtungsgrad aufgrund verschiedener Faktoren ändern kann, ist es wichtig, dass das Verdichtungsgerät bei der nachfolgenden Verdichtung an der jeweiligen Position nur die Verdichtungsleistung erzeugt, die zum Erreichen des gewünschten Endverdichtungsgrades noch erforderlich ist. Die Verdichtung zum Endverdichtungsgrad erfolgt beispielsweise durch eine Walzverdichtung, d.h., z.B. durch statische Auflast- oder Vibrations-oder Oszillationsverdichtung. Verdichtungsgeräte wie Asphaltwalzen verdichten pro Überfahrt zweistufig, da sie über zwei Bandagen oder Radsätze verfügen. Außerdem überfahren Walzen, im Gegensatz zum Straßenfertiger, meist jede Position der Asphaltschicht mehrfach, so dass es von erheblichem Vorteil ist, die Endverdichtung exakt unter Berücksichtigung der von den Verdichtungswerkzeugen der Einbaubohle erzeugten und kommunizierten Ist-Verdichtung vorzunehmen. Außerdem ermöglicht es der Einsatz des Material-Dichte-Moduls, den Betrieb des Straßenfertigers sehr effizient zu optimieren und zu überwachen, z.B. in einer über den erzeugten Ist-Verdichtungsgrad geschlossenen Regelung, bei der im Hinblick auf die jeweils an der Einbaubohle ermittelte Verdichtung der Asphaltschicht Betriebsparameter, z.B. automatisch, geändert werden und das Resultat der Änderungen sofort am Ist-Verdichtungsgrad ablesbar ist. In der Summe kann so das Personal am Straßenfertiger, jedem Verdichtungsgerät, und sogar im Mischwerk, erheblich entlastet werden.According to the process, the information required for economical and efficient operation of the at least one compaction device about the actual compaction degree generated by the compacting tools of the screed paver of the paver need not be estimated inaccurately or separately and only relatively late on the compacting device to be determined and evaluated, since they already at an early stage are available when working the paver. This significantly simplifies the operation and results in a consistently high degree of final compaction, which is one of the key parameters in the asphalting process. For a sufficiently high and uniform degree of final compaction is a prerequisite for the road or traffic surface to play its desired characteristics, in particular the load capacity, ie the ability to absorb traffic-induced loads and transfer them to the ground, without deforming the built-in asphalt layer and For example, ruts are formed. Since, when installed with the screed, the actual degree of compaction achieved may change due to various factors, it is important that the compaction apparatus produce only the compaction power required to achieve the desired final compaction level during subsequent compaction at the particular position. The compaction to the degree of final compaction takes place for example by a roller compaction, ie, for example by static Auflast- or vibration or Oszillationsverdichtung. Compaction equipment such as asphalt rollers compresses two stages per crossing, as they have two drums or wheelsets. In addition, rollers, in contrast to the paver, usually overrun every position of the asphalt layer several times, so that it is of considerable advantage to carry out the final compaction exactly taking into account the actual compaction generated and communicated by the compaction tools of the screed. In addition, the use of the material-density module makes it possible to optimize and monitor the operation of the road paver very efficiently, for example in a regulation that is closed by the actual degree of compaction generated, with regard to the compaction of the asphalt layer determined on the screed Operating parameters, eg automatically, to be changed and the result of the changes is immediately read off the actual degree of compaction. All in all, this greatly reduces the load on the paver, every compactor, and even in the mixing plant.
Bei einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform ist das Material-Dichte-Modul entweder am Straßenfertiger angeordnet, oder ist zumindest ein datenbeschaffender Teil des Material-Dichte-Moduls am Straßenfertiger und ist ein weiterer Teil stationär oder mobil getrennt vom Straßenfertiger platziert, wobei im letztgenannten Fall zweckmäßig zwischen den Teilen Kommunikationsstrecken vorgesehen sind. Auf diese Weise lässt sich der Straßenfertiger selbst betriebsoptimieren, und kann der Straßenfertiger, der die Asphaltschicht einbaut, als Master für periphere Zubehörgeräte fungieren und diese anleiten.In an expedient embodiment, the material-density module is arranged either on the paver, or is at least one data-acquiring part of the material-density module on the paver and another part stationary or mobile placed separately from the paver, in the latter case expedient between the Parts of communication links are provided. In this way, the paver itself can optimize operations, and the paver who builds the asphalt layer can act as a master for peripheral accessories and guide them.
Zweckmäßig sind an der Einbaubohle zumindest Ist-Verdichtungsgrad-Messeinrichtungen, insbesondere Sonden, installiert und mit dem Material-Dichte-Modul verbunden, so dass die Daten zum Ist-Verdichtungsgrad praktisch in Echtzeit beschaffbar, auswertbar und/oder dokumentierbar sind.It is expedient for the screed to have at least actual degree of compactness measuring devices, in particular probes, installed and connected to the material density module, so that the data for the actual degree of compaction can be obtained, evaluated and / or documented practically in real time.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform wird über das Material-Dichte-Modul der Ist-Verdichtungsgrad der Asphaltschicht indirekt durch Abtasten und Umrechnen von Betriebsparametern zumindest eines Verdichtungswerkzeuges ermittelt, vorzugsweise unter Berücksichtigung der Zusammensetzung des vom Mischwerk dem Straßenfertiger gelieferten Asphalt-Materials. So kann beispielsweise aus dem Hub und der Frequenz des Tampers der vom Tamper erzeugte Ist-Verdichtungsgrad ermittelt werden, oder aus der Frequenz des mit der Vibrationseinrichtung versehenen Glättbleches auf den vom Glättblech erzeugten Ist-Verdichtungsgrad geschlossen werden, oder aus dem hydraulischen Beaufschlagungsdruck der jeweiligen Pressleiste, der Frequenz der Druckimpulse und/oder der Eindringtiefe und/oder Beschleunigung der Pressleiste bei jedem Hub, der nach der Pressleiste vorliegende Ist-Verdichtungsgrad relativ genau ermittelt werden.In an alternative embodiment, the actual degree of compaction of the asphalt layer is determined indirectly by scanning and converting operating parameters of at least one compaction tool via the material-density module, preferably taking into account the composition of the asphalt material delivered by the mixer to the paver. Thus, for example, from the stroke and the frequency of the tampers the actual degree of compaction generated by the tamper can be determined, or from the frequency of the provided with the vibration device Glättbleches be closed on the actual degree of compaction generated by the screed plate, or from the hydraulic loading of the respective pressure bar , the frequency of the pressure pulses and / or the penetration depth and / or acceleration of the pressure bar at each stroke, the present according to the pressure bar actual degree of compaction are determined relatively accurately.
Bei einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform ist zu einer rechnerischen Ermittlung des jeweiligen Ist-Verdichtungsgrades der Asphaltschicht eine Rechensektion vorgesehen. Diese kann den Ist-Verdichtungsgrad aus der eingebauten Masse pro Einbaustrecken-Längeneinheit, vorzugsweise unter Berücksichtigung der Schichtstärke und der Einbaubreite relativ genau ermitteln und auswerten. Die Rechensektion kann Teil des Material-Dichte-Moduls sein, oder dezentral mit diesem kommunizieren.In a further expedient embodiment, a computing section is provided for a computational determination of the respective actual degree of compaction of the asphalt layer. This can determine and evaluate the actual degree of compaction from the installed mass per built-in unit length, preferably taking into account the layer thickness and the installation width relatively accurately. The calculation section may be part of the material density module, or may communicate with it remotely.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, über das Material-Dichte-Modul den Ist-Verdichtungsgrad jeweils auf numerischem Weg, insbesondere über wenigstens ein neuronales Netz, zu errechnen.Another possibility is to calculate the actual degree of compaction by numerical means, in particular via at least one neural network, via the material-density module.
In einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform weist der Straßenfertiger ein mit dem Material-Dichte-Modul verknüpftes Navigationssystem auf. Auf diese Weise kann der vom Material-Dichte-Modul jeweils ermittelte Ist-Verdichtungsgrad zumindest mit Positionsdaten, vorzugsweise auch mit beschafften Schicht- und/oder Zeit- und/oder Temperatur-Informationen kombiniert werden, die beispielsweise für das Verdichtungsgerät aussagefähig sind, das auch eine betriebsbedingte Verzögerung bis zum Endverdichten an der jeweiligen Position bei der Einstellung der Verdichtungsleistung berücksichtigen kann.In an expedient embodiment, the paver has a navigation system linked to the material-density module. In this way, the actual degree of compaction determined by the material-density module can be combined at least with position data, preferably also with procured layer and / or time and / or temperature information, which is meaningful for the compaction device, for example can take into account an operational delay until final compression at the respective position in the adjustment of the compaction performance.
Um die Daten möglichst rasch und auch viele Daten effizient verarbeiten zu können, kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn das Material-Dichte-Modul mit einem zentralen Rechner, vorzugsweise einem Server, verbunden ist, der, vorzugsweise, auf dem Straßenfertiger oder von diesem separiert stationär oder mobil platziert ist.In order to be able to process the data as quickly as possible and also many data efficiently, it may be expedient if the material-density module is connected to a central computer, preferably a server, which, preferably, is stationary on the road paver or separated therefrom or placed mobile.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist es zweckmäßig, vorzugsweise zur Betriebsoptimierung der Einbaubohle über das Material-Dichte-Modul, Betriebsparameter, wie zumindest Frequenz, Hub, Pressleisten-, Beaufschlagungsdruck, Eindringtiefe der und gegebenenfalls sogar die Heizleistung für die dgl. der Verdichtungswerkzeuge zumindest unter Berücksichtigung der Temperatur des Asphalt-Materials oder dem vorbestimmten Endverdichtungsgrad zu variieren. Durch diese Betriebsoptimierung wird ein gleichmäßig hoher, kaum fluktuierender Ist-Verdichtungsgrad ohne nennenswerte Belastung für das Personal erreicht, so dass das Verdichtungsgerät nur mehr wenig Leistung aufzubringen oder wenige Überfahrten auszuführen braucht.In a further embodiment, it is expedient, preferably for optimizing the operation of the screed on the material-density module, operating parameters, such as at least frequency, stroke, pressure bars, Beaufschlagungsdruck, penetration depth and possibly even the heating power for the like. The compaction tools, at least taking into account the temperature of the asphalt material or the predetermined final degree of compaction. This operational optimization achieves a uniformly high, hardly fluctuating actual degree of compaction without appreciable load on the personnel, so that the compacting device only needs to apply less power or execute a few crossings.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird zur Betriebsoptimierung des Straßenfertigers und, vorzugsweise, über das Material-Dichte-Modul, zumindest ein Betriebsparameter des Straßenfertigers, wie zumindest die Einbaugeschwindigkeit und/oder der Materialdurchsatz zur Einbaubohle und/oder die Verteilerschneckendrehzahl und/oder -leistung variiert, was vorzugsweise unter Berücksichtigung der Temperatur des gelieferten Asphalt-Materials und/oder des vorbestimmten Endverdichtungsgrades erfolgen kann. Dies ist wiederum im Hinblick darauf von Vorteil, dass später das Verdichtungsgerät nur noch geringe Verdichtungsleistung zu erbringen oder nur wenige Überfahrten auszuführen hat, um möglichst gleichbleibend den gewünschten Endverdichtungsgrad sicherzustellen.In another embodiment, to optimize the operation of the paver and, preferably, via the material-density module, at least one operating parameter of the paver, such as at least the paving speed and / or the material throughput to the screed and / or the auger speed and / or performance varies, which may preferably be done taking into account the temperature of the supplied asphalt material and / or the predetermined final degree of compaction. This in turn is advantageous in view of the fact that later the compactor only has to provide low compaction performance or has to perform only a few crossings in order to ensure as consistently as possible the desired degree of final compaction.
Ferner kann es zweckmäßig sein, den jeweiligen Ist-Verdichtungsgrad bei einem Verdichtungswerkzeug als Mittelwert über die oder einen signifikanten Teil der Einbaubreite der Asphaltschicht zu ermitteln. Auf diese Weise können lokale Ausreißer kompensiert werden.Furthermore, it may be appropriate to the respective actual degree of compaction in a compaction tool as an average over the or a significant part of the paving width of Asphalt layer to determine. In this way local outliers can be compensated.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind zwischen dem Material-Dichte-Modul und direkt oder indirekt dem Mischwerk und/oder dem Verdichtungsgerät Daten-Kommunikationswege vorgesehen, um entweder anhand kommunizierter Daten die vom Verdichtungsgerät erwartete Verdichtungsleistung an der jeweiligen Position vorab zu kennen und dann ohne Zeitnot einzustellen oder/und das Mischwerk zu informieren, falls die Temperatur des gelieferten Asphalt-Materials vorbestimmte Grenzwerte unter- oder überschreiten sollte.In another embodiment, data communication paths are provided between the material-density module and directly or indirectly to the mixer and / or the compactor to either know in advance on the basis of data communicated the compaction expected compaction performance at the respective position and then set without Zeitnot and / or inform the mixer if the temperature of the delivered asphalt material should be below or above predetermined limits.
In einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform weist die Einbaubohle mindestens zwei beim Einbau in in Einbaufahrtrichtung aufeinanderfolgenden Stufen zur Einwirkung kommende Verdichtungswerkzeuge aus folgender Gruppe auf: wenigstens einen Tamper, wenigstens ein Glättblech mit einer Vibrationseinrichtung, wenigstens eine hydraulisch betriebene Pressleiste, wobei über das Material-Dichte-Modul der Ist-Verdichtungsgrad nach zumindest einer oder jeder Stufe oder nach der letzten Stufe beschaffbar ist.In an expedient embodiment, the screed comprises at least two compacting tools, which act on successive stages in the installation direction, from the following group: at least one tamper, at least one screed plate with a vibration device, at least one hydraulically operated pressure strip, wherein the material-density module the actual degree of compaction is obtainable after at least one or each stage or after the last stage.
Im Hinblick auf ein effizientes Baustellen-Management (Site-Management) kann es vorteilhaft sein, dem Material-Dichte-Modul wenigstens einen informationen- und/oder datenspeicherndes Dokumentationsmodul zuzuordnen. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Datensätze zu optimalen Arbeitsbedingungen oder Grundeinstellungen von Parametern vorhalten, die später an anderen Baustellen abrufbar und bei ähnlichen Einbaubedingungen nutzbar sind.With regard to an efficient construction site management (site management), it may be advantageous to assign at least one information and / or data-storing documentation module to the material density module. In this way records of optimal working conditions or basic settings of parameters can be maintained, which can later be called up at other construction sites and used under similar installation conditions.
Im Hinblick auf ein effizientes Baustellen-Management kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn das Verdichtungsgerät ein bordeigenes oder externes Verdichtungsmanagement-System auch zur Verarbeitung vom Material-Dichte-Modul des Straßenfertigers kommunizierter Daten aufweist, vorzugsweise mit einer Überwachungs- und/oder Dokumentations-Sektion zumindest für den Endverdichtungsgrad der Asphaltschicht und/oder die aufgebrachte Verdichtungsleistung. Das System arbeitet entweder weitgehend automatisch oder führt den jeweiligen Bediener.With regard to efficient construction site management, it may be advantageous if the compaction device has an on-board or external compaction management system also for processing data communicated by the material-density module of the paver, preferably with a monitoring and / or documentation section at least for the final degree of compaction of the asphalt layer and / or the applied compaction performance. The system either works largely automatically or guides the respective operator.
Anhand der Zeichnungen werden Ausführungsformen des Erfindungsgegenstandes erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- schematisch ein System zum Einbauen einer Asphaltschicht aus Asphalt-Material auf einer Baustelle mit Grundkomponenten eines Baustellen-Management-Systems,
- Fig. 2
- einen Querschnitt einer eingebauten Asphaltschicht,
- Fig. 3
- eine Schnittdarstellung einer Ausführungsform einer Einbaubohle eines Straßenfertigers des Systems,
- Fig. 4
- einen Querschnitt einer anderen Ausführungsform einer Einbaubohle eines Straßenfertigers des Systems, und
- Fig. 5
- eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Teils der Baustelle beispielsweise von
Fig. 1 .
- Fig. 1
- schematically a system for installing an asphalt layer of asphalt material on a construction site with basic components of a construction site management system,
- Fig. 2
- a cross-section of a built-in asphalt layer,
- Fig. 3
- a sectional view of an embodiment of a screed of a paver of the system,
- Fig. 4
- a cross-section of another embodiment of a screed of a paver of the system, and
- Fig. 5
- a perspective view of a part of the site, for example
Fig. 1 ,
Ein in
Das Mischwerk W weist Beschickungsvorrichtungen 1, 2 zum Herstellen einer bestimmten Zusammensetzung des Asphalt-Materials A auf, das mit einstellbarer Temperatur und Zusammensetzung in den jeweiligen Lastwagen 3 eingefüllt wird. Das gelieferte Asphalt-Material A hat eine von z.B. der Länge der Lieferstrecke L und/oder den Umgebungsbedingungen abhängige Temperatur, und wird entweder vom jeweiligen Lastwagen 3 oder vom Beschicker B in einen Bunker 5 des Straßenfertigers F eingefüllt. Vom Bunker 5 wird das Asphalt-Material A durch eine Längsfördervorrichtung 6 nach hinten zu einer Verteilerschnecke 7 gebracht, die mit einstellbarer Drehzahl und/oder Leistung antreibbar ist, und das abgeworfene Asphalt-Material A vor einer über Nivellierzylinder am Straßenfertiger F einstellbaren Einbaubohle E quer auf dem Untergrund verteilt. Der Straßenfertiger F verfügt über ein Navigationssystem 8, eine elektronische Steuerung 9 mit beispielsweise einem Zentralrechner Z, und ein zweckmäßig bordeigenes Material-Dichte-Modul M, mit dem beispielsweise über Messeinrichtungen wie Sonden 10 am Straßenfertiger F und/oder der Einbaubohle E der von der Einbaubohle E real erzeugte Ist-Verdichtungsgrad an einer jeweiligen Position in der Asphaltschicht D beschaffbar, auswertbar und z.B. in Form von Daten dokumentierbar ist. Das Material-Dichte-Modul M wird z.B. durch wenigstens einen elektronischen Hardware-Modul an einem Steckplatz z.B. in der Steuerung 9 und/oder dem Zentralrechner Z und entsprechende Software konstituiert.The mixer W has
Das jeweilige Verdichtungsgerät V weist ebenfalls ein Navigationssystem 8 auf, und kann über ein beispielsweise bordeigenes Verdichtungsmanagement-System K verfügen.The respective compactor V also has a navigation system 8, and may have an on-board compression management system K, for example.
Alternativ kann das Material-Dichte-Modul M oder ein Teil M' davon stationär oder mobil separat vom Straßenfertiger F platziert sein, wie auch ein weiterer Zentralrechner Z', beispielsweise ein Server, wobei die letztgenannten Komponenten kabelgebunden oder drahtlos miteinander und gegebenenfalls mit dem Verdichtungsgerät V bzw. dem Mischwerk W über Kommunikationsstrecken kommunizieren.Alternatively, the material-density module M or a part M 'of which stationary or mobile be placed separately from the paver F, as well as another central computer Z', such as a server, the latter components wired or wireless with each other and optionally with the compactor V or the mixer W communicate via communication links.
Unter Verwendung zumindest des, vorzugsweise elektronischen, Material-Dichte-Moduls M des Straßenfertigers F lässt sich dessen Betrieb optimieren und/oder überwachen und dokumentieren, da der jeweils ermittelte und beschaffte Ist-Verdichtungsgrad an der Einbaubohle Aufschluss gibt, wie die Einbaubohle E arbeitet, so dass beispielsweise in einer über den Ist-Verdichtungsgrad geschlossenen Regelschleife Betriebsparameter der Einbaubohle E im Hinblick auf ein optimales und/oder gewünschtes Arbeitsergebnis variierbar sind. Auch Betriebsparameter des Straßenfertigers F lassen sich so optimieren, überwachen und/oder dokumentieren, wie die Einbaugeschwindigkeit, die Durchsatzleistung der Längsfördervorrichtung 6 und/oder die Drehzahl und/oder -leistung und/oder Höheneinstellung der Querverteilerschnecke 7. Weitere so zu optimierende Betriebsparameter könnten beispielsweise die Heizleistungen von die Asphaltschicht D bearbeitenden Verdichtungswerkzeugen in der Einbaubohle E sein, die den jeweiligen Ist-Verdichtungsgrad an einer bestimmten Position P der Asphaltschicht D erzeugen, oder Höheneinstellungen der Nivellierzylinder für die Einbaubohle E.Using at least the, preferably electronic, material-density module M of the road paver F, its operation can be optimized and / or monitored and documented, since the respectively determined and procured actual degree of compaction on the screed gives information on how the screed E works, so that, for example, in a closed loop over the actual degree of compaction operating parameters of the screed E with respect to an optimal and / or desired work result can be varied. Operating parameters of the road paver F can also be optimized, monitored and / or documented, such as the installation speed, the throughput rate of the
Nicht dargestellte Messeinrichtungen können die Temperatur des an den Straßenfertiger F gelieferten Asphalt-Materials ermitteln und auch solche Daten zumindest an das Material-Dichte-Modul M liefern, das auch mit dem Navigationssystem 8 kommuniziert, um den jeweils ermittelten Ist-Verdichtungsgrad der Asphaltschicht D mit Positions- und/oder Zeit-und/oder Schicht- und/oder Temperatur-Informationen zu kombinieren. Damit lässt sich das Verdichtungsgerät V vorab informieren, ehe dies die jeweilige Position P erreicht. Auf diese Weise kann für das Verdichtungsgerät V die ausgehend vom Ist-Verdichtungsgrad erforderliche Verdichtungsleistung vorab bestimmt werden, und zwar ohne Zeitnot, so dass das Verdichtungsgerät V später gerade nur die Verdichtungsleistung erzeugt oder Anzahl an Überfahrten ausführt, die ausgehend vom Ist-Verdichtungsgrad zum Erzielen des vorbestimmten Endverdichtungsgrades erforderlich sind. Im Resultat wird effizient und ökonomisch ein außerordentlich gleichförmiger hoher Endverdichtungsgrad der Asphaltschicht erreicht, wobei nicht nur der Betrieb des Straßenfertigers optimiert werden kann, sondern auch der Betrieb des Verdichtungsgerätes, und auch das Mischwerk informiert werden kann, wenn bestimmte Grenzwerte (z.B. der Temperatur des gelieferten Asphalt-Materials A) unter- oder überschritten werden. Im Mischwerk W kann der maßgebliche Betriebsparameter angepasst oder optimiert werden, wobei die Zeitverzögerung zum Tragen kommt, die durch die Lieferstrecke L bedingt ist, bis am Straßenfertiger F wieder optimales Asphalt-Material verfügbar ist.Measurement devices not shown can determine the temperature of the asphalt material delivered to the paver F and also such data at least to the material density module M, which also communicates with the navigation system 8 in order to combine the respectively determined actual degree of compaction of the asphalt layer D with position and / or time and / or layer and / or temperature information. This allows the compactor V to inform in advance before this reaches the respective position P. In this way, for the compacting device V, the compaction power required based on the actual degree of compaction be determined in advance, without any time pressure, so that the compactor V later just just generates the compaction power or executes number of crossings, starting from the actual degree of compaction to achieve the predetermined final degree of compaction are required. As a result, an extremely uniform high degree of final compaction of the asphalt layer is efficiently and economically achieved, not only the operation of the paver can be optimized, but also the operation of the compactor, and the mixer can be informed if certain limits (eg the temperature of the delivered Asphalt material A) below or exceeded. In the mixer W, the relevant operating parameters can be adjusted or optimized, the time delay comes into play, which is due to the delivery line L until optimal asphalt material is available again on the paver F.
Die Einbaubohle E in
Die in
In der Einbaubohle E in
Die an der Einbaubohle E in
Der Ist-Verdichtungsgrad kann alternativ auch durch Abgreifen von Betriebsparametern beispielsweise der Verdichtungswerkzeuge 17, 19, 21 indirekt ermittelt werden, beispielsweise über den Hub und Frequenz des Tampers 19, die Frequenz und Leistung der Vibrationseinrichtung 18, oder den hydraulischen Beaufschlagungsdruck und/oder die Frequenz der Druckimpulse und/oder die Eindringtiefe und/oder Beschleunigung jeder Pressleiste 21, beispielsweise ausgehend von der pro Einbaustrecken-Längeneinheit eingebauten Masse an Asphalt-Material A. Hierbei wird, vorzugsweise, auch die Zusammensetzung und gegebenenfalls Temperatur des gelieferten Asphalt-Materials berücksichtigt.Alternatively, the actual degree of compaction can also be determined indirectly by tapping operating parameters of, for example, the
Alternativ kann der jeweilige Ist-Verdichtungsgrad auch auf numerischem Weg berechnet werden, beispielsweise über wenigstens ein neuronales Netz, wobei für Rechenvorgänge beispielsweise der Zentralrechner Z oder Z' herangezogen werden kann, und, zweckmäßig, dem Material-Dichte-Modul M ein nicht gezeigter Dokumentationsmodul zugeordnet sein kann, in dem Daten und/oder Informationen dokumentiert und gespeichert werden.Alternatively, the respective actual degree of compaction can also be calculated numerically, for example via at least one neural network, for example, the central computer Z or Z 'can be used for calculations, and, suitably, the material density module M a not shown documentation module can be assigned, are documented and stored in the data and / or information.
Bei der rechnerischen Ermittlung aus der eingebauten Masse pro Einbaustrecken-Längeneinheit wird zweckmäßig auch die Schichtstärke 13 und die Einbaubreite 14 an der jeweiligen Position P oder über die Einbaustrecken-Längeneinheit mitberücksichtigt, gegebenenfalls wiederum unter Einbeziehen der Temperatur des an den Straßenfertiger F gelieferten Asphalt-Materials.In the arithmetical determination of the built-in mass per built-in unit length, the
Unter Berücksichtigung der durch das Material-Dichte-Modul M beschafften Ist-Verdichtungsgrade nach jeder Stufe können andere Betriebsparameter des Straßenfertigers optimiert werden, beispielsweise die Einbaufahrgeschwindigkeit, der Durchsatz der Längsfördervorrichtung 6 und/oder die Drehzahl und/oder Leistung und/oder Höhenposition der Querverteilerschnecke 7 am Straßenfertiger F, der Anstellwinkel der Einbaubohle, z.B. über die Nivellierzylinder, und gegebenenfalls sogar die Heizleistung von Heizeinrichtungen der Verdichtungswerkzeuge. Der Ist-Verdichtungsgrad nach der ersten Stufe (Tamper 19) ist beispielsweise eine aussagefähige Größe zum weitestgehenden Konstanthalten des Anstellwinkels der Einbaubohle E, der über die nicht gezeigten Nivellierzylinder am Straßenfertiger F eingestellt wird und u.a. entscheidend für die Ebenheit der Asphaltschicht D ist.Taking into account the actual compaction levels obtained by the material density module M after each stage, other operating parameters of the paver may be optimized, for example the installation speed, the throughput of the
Wie auch die Temperatur, verändert sich die Dichte des Asphalt-Materials A während der Verarbeitung. Das Asphalt-Material A hat nach dem Mischvorgang seine Schüttdichte, die sich beim Transport in der Lieferkette L geringfügig ändert, ehe, ausgehend von der Schüttdichte an der Einbaubohle, ein mehrstufiger Verdichtungsprozess stattfindet. Die nachfolgende Endverdichtung durch das Verdichtungsgerät V kann eine statische Auflast-, Vibrations- oder Oszillationsverdichtung sein. Asphaltwalzen verdichten pro Überfahrt zweistufig, da sie über zwei Bandagen (Radsätze) verfügen, wobei jede Walze jede Position der Asphaltschicht mehrfach überfahren kann.As well as the temperature, the density of the asphalt material A changes during processing. The asphalt material A has its bulk density after the mixing process, which changes slightly during transport in the supply chain L, before, starting from the bulk density of the screed, a multi-stage compression process takes place. The subsequent final compression by the compactor V may be a static ballast, vibration or oscillation compaction. Asphalt rollers densify in two stages per crossing, as they have two bandages (wheelsets), each roller being able to cover every position of the asphalt layer several times.
Um zum Betriebsoptimierung der Einbaubohle E die Betriebsparameter der Verdichtungswerkzeuge 17, 19, 21 optimal wählen zu können, sind die Temperatur und die bis zur Einwirkung des jeweiligen Verdichtungswerkzeuges erreichte Dichte bzw. der vorliegende Ist-Verdichtungsgrad wichtige Informationen. Diese Informationen lassen die Wirkungsweise der Verdichtungswerkzeuge 17, 19, 21 sozusagen ablesen. Somit können z.B. in einer über den Ist-Verdichtungsgrad geschlossenen Regelschleife zumindest einige der oben erwähnten Betriebsparameter geändert werden, bis das Resultat ein gewünschtes Optimum bestätigt oder zu diesem zurückfindet. Dies kann beispielsweise ein relativ hoher und sehr gleichförmiger Ist-Verdichtungsgrad sein, damit das Verdichtungsgerät V nur mehr relativ wenig und möglichst gleichmäßige Leistung zu erbringen hat.In order to be able to optimally select the operating parameters of the
Das Material-Dichte-Modul M ermittelt bzw. beschafft den Ist-Verdichtungsgrad zweckmäßig nach jeder Stufe und übermittelt diesen beispielsweise mit Positions-, Schicht-, Zeit- und Temperatur-Informationen an den Zentralrechner Z oder Z', der beispielsweise ein Server ist. Ein Dokumentationsmodul kann die Informationen des Material-Dichte-Moduls M speichern. Der Zentralrechner Z des Straßenfertigers F kennt, da diese Daten z.B. über ein Baustellen-Management-System bereitgestellt werden, die verarbeitete Masse beispielsweise in Kilogramm/pro Meter oder Kilogramm/Quadratmeter. Da der Zentralrechner Z auch die Schichtstärke 13 und die Einbaubreite 14 kennt, können auch diese Parameter zur Bestimmung des jeweiligen Ist-Verdichtungsgrades herangezogen werden. Beispielsweise wird der nach der letzten Verdichtungsstufe erzeugte Ist-Verdichtungsgrad unter Verwendung des Navigationssystems (Satellitennavigationssystem G) positionsbezogen dokumentiert und an das jeweilige Verdichtungsgerät V kommuniziert, beispielsweise kombiniert mit den Zeit-, Temperatur- oder Schicht-Informationen. Von dem Verdichtungsgerät V kann das Verdichtungsmanagement-System K benutzt werden, z.B. zur Überwachung und Dokumentation des Endverdichtungsgrades, wobei das Verdichtungsgerät V auf die kommunizierten Daten des Material-Dichte-Moduls M des Straßenfertigers F zurückgreift, und an der jeweiligen Position P nur die erforderliche Verdichtungsleistung erzeugt. Ausgehend von dem in
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EP11003244.8A EP2514871B1 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Method for laying and compacting an asphalt layer |
PL11003244.8T PL2514871T3 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Method for laying and compacting an asphalt layer |
US13/445,305 US9068295B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2012-04-12 | System and method for laying down and compacting an asphalt layer |
JP2012091797A JP5453482B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2012-04-13 | System and method for laying and compacting asphalt layers |
CN 201220166714 CN202830716U (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | System for paving and pressing asphalt layer |
CN201210115686.XA CN102747673B (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | System and method for laying down and compacting an asphalt layer |
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EP11003244.8A EP2514871B1 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Method for laying and compacting an asphalt layer |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102747673A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
CN202830716U (en) | 2013-03-27 |
US20120263531A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
JP5453482B2 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
CN102747673B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
US9068295B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
JP2012225153A (en) | 2012-11-15 |
EP2514871B1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
PL2514871T3 (en) | 2016-12-30 |
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