EP2513931A1 - Use of n-ethyl pyrrolidone in the production of electrodes for double-layer capacitors - Google Patents
Use of n-ethyl pyrrolidone in the production of electrodes for double-layer capacitorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2513931A1 EP2513931A1 EP10784469A EP10784469A EP2513931A1 EP 2513931 A1 EP2513931 A1 EP 2513931A1 EP 10784469 A EP10784469 A EP 10784469A EP 10784469 A EP10784469 A EP 10784469A EP 2513931 A1 EP2513931 A1 EP 2513931A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pvdf
- composition
- active material
- pyrrolidone
- ethyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
- H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/38—Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/70—Current collectors characterised by their structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for coating an aluminum-containing support in the production of an electrode of a double-layer capacitor, comprising the steps of providing a composition containing at least one solvent and / or dispersant and additionally at least one polymeric binder, and coating the support with the composition ,
- Double-layer capacitors are electrochemical double layer capacitors - EDLC, ultracapacitors or supercaps.
- Electrodes When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, electrically charged particles such as electrons or ions of the respective polarity are deposited on the electrodes
- Electrodes on To bring the electrodes close together in a space-saving manner, the electrodes can be separated from one another by an ion-conducting separator in order to avoid short circuits.
- accumulators secondary batteries
- the double-layer capacitors differ in that the electrically charged particles are merely attached to the electrodes.
- the ions are stored in the electrodes.
- batteries have two different with respect to their material electrodes.
- electrode slurries In the preparation of electrodes for double-layer capacitors according to the prior art in wet-chemical processes, coating compositions or dispersions containing active materials, conductivity additives and binders or dispersions (so-called electrode slurries) are coated on conductive films. Both systems based on water and on organic solvents are used of these dispersions. In water-based systems, the binder is dispersed, the binding occurs at points between the particles.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- the quality of the coating composition is checked. It should be noted that the viscosity of the coating composition may change over several hours, so that the composition is not used directly after preparation. Another problem with NMP is also that this is toxic
- US 2009/0123841 A1 discloses an active-material dispersion which can be applied to the electrode foil of a lithium ion accumulator by means of an inkjet process and comprises a PVDF binder dissolved in NEP. Set up for inkjet printing, the
- EP 1978056 A1 describes a NEP-containing binder for active materials of accumulators. Viscosities in the range of 1 to 10,000 mPas are given.
- the present invention seeks to provide a method for producing electrodes for double-layer capacitors of the type mentioned, the dispersion or solvent safety and To comply with far-reaching regulations and beyond a good or
- Active materials and additives of a double-layer capacitor can be applied with a lower amount of dispersant or solvent, ie to enable higher solids contents in the electrode slurry.
- NEP N-ethylpyrrolidone
- the invention therefore provides a process for coating an aluminum-containing support in the production of an electrode for a double-layer capacitor, comprising the steps: a) providing a composition comprising at least one solvent and / or dispersant and additionally at least one polymeric
- Binder b) coating the support with the composition, wherein the solvent and / or dispersant is or comprises N-ethyl-pyrrolidone.
- Double-layer capacitors have significantly better processing properties than those dissolved in NMP: despite a high solids content, low shear rates are achieved, so that the electrode slurry is easy to handle.
- the high specific surface area of the active materials namely increases the viscosity of the electrode lattice significantly.
- the coating method according to the invention thus sees in its widest
- a carrier is coated with a composition containing at least N-ethyl-pyrrolidone and a polymeric binder.
- the coating composition typically, in addition to the N-ethylpyrrolidone as solvent and / or dispersant and the polymeric binder, the coating composition also contains at least one so-called active material and a conductivity additive.
- the coated with the coating composition carrier is then under
- the preparation of the electrode usually also includes the step of drying the coated support.
- the solvent and / or dispersant is removed to form a solid, conductive and after completion of the electrical energy storage "active" layer on the support.
- polymeric binder The purpose of the polymeric binder is to provide good adhesion, both within the layer and to the support. Particular preference is given to using polyvinylidene fluoride homopolymers (PVDF). PVDF is often used because of its electrochemical stability and because the swelling of PVDF in the electrolyte of the later finished electrical energy storage is low.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride homopolymers
- suitable binders for the use according to the invention are also different PVDF copolymers, Teflon, polyamides, polynitriles, and others. Preferred polymers
- Binders may be selected from the group comprising polyvinylidene fluoride homopolymers (PVDF); Polyvinylidene fluoride copolymers (PVDF copolymers), eg PVDF hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), PVDF tetrafluoroethylene (PVDF-TFE) and PVDF chlorotetrafluoroethylene (PVDF-CTFE); Blends of PVDF and PVDF Copolymer (s); Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); Polyvinyl chloride (PVC); Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF); Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE); Polychlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene (ECTFE); Polytetrafluoroethylene-ethylene (ETFE); Polytetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropene (FEP); Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); Polyethylene oxide (PEO); Polypropylene oxide (PPO);
- PP Polypropylene
- PE Polyethylene
- PI Polyimide
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- a coating composition contains the here
- active material is understood by the person skilled in the art to mean, in general, a material which makes possible the reversible deposition and deposition of electrically charged particles, such as ions or electrodes.
- active material is understood by the person skilled in the art to mean, in general, a material which makes possible the reversible deposition and deposition of electrically charged particles, such as ions or electrodes.
- a charging or discharging current can then flow during the charging and depositing process of the electrically charged particles depending on the structure of the memory.
- Double-layer capacitors have two in terms of their
- the coating composition therefore typically additionally contains a reversible on and
- Active material enabling deposition of electrically charged particles, which is preferably selected from the group comprising graphite; amorphous
- Carbons; Activated carbon These substances can also be used mixed as active material.
- the ability of the active matrix to adsorb electrically charged particles, and hence the capacity of the bilayer capacitor, is substantially determined by the specific surface area and average pore diameter of the active material.
- a specific surface area of the active material has proven to be between 1000 and 2000 m 2 / g.
- the mean pore diameter of the active material is preferably between 2 to 5 nm.
- a coating composition of the type described herein further contains at least one conductivity additive.
- This has the task of improving the electrical conductivity of the coating and thus the accumulation and removal of the electrically charged particles.
- Particular preference is given to using carbon blacks or carbon blacks as conductive materials.
- Carbon blacks are carbonaceous finely divided solids with generally spherical primary particles between 10 and 300 nm in size, determined by TEM evaluation according to ASTM D 3849, which grow together into chain-like and partly lumpy aggregates.
- conductive materials for the application according to the invention but are also small-scale graphite with d50 between 1 ⁇ and 8 ⁇ , preferably with d50 between 2 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ , determined by means of laser light diffraction.
- mixtures of conductive materials may also be used, e.g. B. mixtures of carbon blacks and graphites in any proportions.
- carbon fibers can be used as conductivity additives.
- the support consists of an aluminum-containing and therefore conductive sheet-like material or comprises as laminate such a material.
- the support is rolled or electrodeposited aluminum foil.
- laminates comprising such films as a carrier conceivable.
- the supports may also be porous materials, woven fabrics, nonwovens or expanded metal of aluminum, or aluminum-coated polymeric films, regularly perforated films, porous substrates, or fabrics such as fabrics or nonwovens.
- the coating composition used in the invention usually contains from 30 to 80% by weight, preferably from 40 to 70% by weight, of N-ethyl-pyrrolidone, and preferably from 0.5 to 8, by weight of polymeric binder Wt .-%, preferably 1, 0 to 5.0 wt .-%, and / or to active material of 20 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 60 wt .-%, and / or of conductivity addition of 0 to 5 Wt .-%, preferably 0.2 to 3 wt .-%, each based on the composition.
- the composition provided should have a viscosity in the range from 1000 to 7000 mPas, preferably 2000 to 5000 mPas, at a shear rate of 1 12 s -1 , measured at 20 ° C.
- the determination of the viscosity values in the context of the present invention is carried out with the aid of of a rheometer (model RS 600) from Thermo Haake GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany, with a plate / plate measuring device with a diameter of 35 mm
- the viscosities are recorded at shear rates of 1 to 500 s -1 .
- the measured values are recorded with the software RheoWin.
- the present invention also provides a coated carrier prepared by the method described above, if such a carrier for the
- the present invention is a composition containing as solvent and / or dispersant at least N-ethyl-pyrrolidone, and additionally at least one polymeric binder, an active material enabling the deposition and deposition of electrically charged particles, and, optionally, at least one conductivity additive.
- a preferred composition of this type contains a proportion of N-ethyl-pyrrolidone of from 30 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight, a proportion of polymeric binder of from 0.5 to 8% by weight, preferably 1 , 0 to 5.0% by weight, a content of active material of 20 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 60% by weight, and optionally a proportion of conductivity additive from 0 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0 , 2 to 3 wt .-%, each based on the composition.
- Double-layer capacitors and the use of N-ethyl-pyrrolidone for Preparation of a composition used for coating a support in the manufacture of an electrode of a double-layer capacitor is also within the scope of the present invention.
- N-ethyl-pyrrolidone is very similar to N-methyl-pyrrolidone in many of its chemical and physical properties. However, it has a higher boiling and
- Flash point (NMP: bp 202 ° C, FP 91 ° C, NEP: bp 208-210 ° C, FP 93 ° C), which has a certain advantage in terms of labor and storage safety.
- N-ethyl-pyrrolidone as solvent and / or dispersion medium makes it possible to apply active materials and optionally additives with a lower amount of dispersant to a carrier, ie to achieve higher solids contents in the composition than this is possible with N-methyl-pyrrolidone as a dispersant.
- FIG. 1 graphically depicts the viscosity behavior ⁇ of FIG. 1
- FIG. 2 graphically describes the viscosity behavior ⁇ of 9.1% by weight PVDF homopolymer solutions (PVDF homopolymer: melt flow index, MFI 1, 5-3.5 g / 10 min) in NEP or NMP at 20 ° C as a function of the shear rate ⁇ .
- PVDF homopolymer melt flow index, MFI 1, 5-3.5 g / 10 min
- FIG. 3 shows different binder systems: a) aqueous-based system, b) solvent-based system.
- Coating methods are shear rates of about 1 12 s -1 . Since NEP-based electrode slurries are less viscous at these shear rates, higher solids contents can be achieved in this case and thus a reduction of the
- Storage stability compared to NMP as a solvent.
- the degree of increase in the viscosity of the solution in question is used with increasing storage time. The lower the increase in viscosity over time, the greater the storage stability (FIG. 2).
- the NMP or NEP was initially introduced into a 150 ml beaker, and the PVDF was added therein in portions in 15 minutes while stirring with a toothed disk (dissolver stirrer type R1303, IKA), diameter 42 mm, speed 750 rpm.
- a toothed disk dissolver stirrer type R1303, IKA
- diameter 42 mm diameter 42 mm
- speed 750 rpm speed 750 rpm.
- a PVDF content of 9.1% by weight (12.5 g in 125.0 g of solvent)
- the addition was stopped and stirred for a further 1.5 h (750 rpm). Subsequently, the viscosity was in
- PVDF in NMP after preparation measurement 2 601, 5 600.5 596.1
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009054718A DE102009054718A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2009-12-16 | Use of N-ethyl pyrrolidone in the manufacture of electrodes for double-layer capacitors |
PCT/EP2010/067552 WO2011082873A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-11-16 | Use of n-ethyl pyrrolidone in the production of electrodes for double-layer capacitors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2513931A1 true EP2513931A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
Family
ID=43719537
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10784469A Withdrawn EP2513931A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-11-16 | Use of n-ethyl pyrrolidone in the production of electrodes for double-layer capacitors |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130034738A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2513931A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2013514640A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20120115312A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102754173A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009054718A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011082873A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010038308A1 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Lithium cells and batteries with improved stability and safety, process for their preparation and use in mobile and stationary electrical energy storage |
CN103280334B (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2016-08-24 | 王子齐 | General power high energy storage multi-medium capacitor-battery container |
CN105161297A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-12-16 | 铜陵市胜达电子科技有限责任公司 | Nano activated carbon-loaded silver-coated copper powder doped polyimide high-dielectric composite film for capacitors and preparation method thereof |
CN106206069B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-10-19 | 深圳清华大学研究院 | Electrochemical energy storing device bonding agent, super capacitor electrode slice and preparation method thereof |
FR3128714A1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-05 | Arkema Inc. | VDF CONTAINING A (CO)POLYMER WITH A HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT USING A NEW PRECIPITATION POLYMERIZATION PROCESS |
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JP3703582B2 (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 2005-10-05 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | Electrode binder, electrode binder solution, electrode mixture, electrode structure and battery |
JP4003090B2 (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 2007-11-07 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | Conductive composition |
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JP4117056B2 (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 2008-07-09 | 株式会社クレハ | Method for producing carbon material for electric double layer capacitor electrode |
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US6327136B1 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2001-12-04 | Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrode-forming composition, activated carbon electrode and electric double layer capacitor |
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CN101213626B (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2011-02-16 | 昭和电工株式会社 | Electric double layer capacitor |
US20090030152A1 (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2009-01-29 | Qiming Zhang | High Electric Energy Density Polymer Capacitors With Fast Discharge Speed and High Efficiency Based On Unique Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) Copolymers and Terpolymers as Dielectric Materials |
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JP5038751B2 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2012-10-03 | 協立化学産業株式会社 | Coating liquid for electrode plate production, undercoat agent and use thereof |
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JP5225002B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社東芝 | Secondary battery |
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2009
- 2009-12-16 DE DE102009054718A patent/DE102009054718A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-11-16 US US13/515,873 patent/US20130034738A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-11-16 CN CN2010800575672A patent/CN102754173A/en active Pending
- 2010-11-16 KR KR20127018309A patent/KR20120115312A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-11-16 WO PCT/EP2010/067552 patent/WO2011082873A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-11-16 JP JP2012543560A patent/JP2013514640A/en active Pending
- 2010-11-16 EP EP10784469A patent/EP2513931A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2011082873A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20120115312A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
US20130034738A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
DE102009054718A1 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
CN102754173A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
JP2013514640A (en) | 2013-04-25 |
WO2011082873A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
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