EP2494569B1 - Method of cooling a medium-voltage electrical apparatus by integrated heat pipes and system using this method - Google Patents

Method of cooling a medium-voltage electrical apparatus by integrated heat pipes and system using this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2494569B1
EP2494569B1 EP10768250.2A EP10768250A EP2494569B1 EP 2494569 B1 EP2494569 B1 EP 2494569B1 EP 10768250 A EP10768250 A EP 10768250A EP 2494569 B1 EP2494569 B1 EP 2494569B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot
portions
cooling
parts
heat
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EP10768250.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2494569A1 (en
Inventor
Denis Frigiere
Didier Rodrigues
Jean-Marc Willieme
Frank Jacquier
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Technology AG
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Publication of EP2494569A1 publication Critical patent/EP2494569A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H01H2009/523—Cooling of switch parts by using heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H01H2009/526—Cooling of switch parts of the high voltage switches

Definitions

  • the invention particularly relates to the field of circuit breakers or disconnectors generators operating at medium voltage, placed in a protective sheath and using cooling devices operating with a heat transfer fluid phase change, called "heat pipes”.
  • a heat pipe is in the form of an elongated hermetic enclosure containing a fluid in equilibrium with its gaseous phase and its liquid phase, in the absence of any other gas.
  • One method, generally used, is to homogenize the air temperature by contact with the various heated and heated parts of the circuit breaker concerned.
  • the cooling inside such a protective sheath can be done by natural or forced convection of the air enclosed in it and in which the circuit breaker is located, the temperature prevailing inside thereof being significantly higher than the temperature outside, that is, from 30 ° C to at least 40 ° C.
  • Another solution is to provide an increase in the current flow section in the various transmission elements, so to go through an increase in the size of the parts of the circuit breakers.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a different solution for cooling the apparatus.
  • a first main object of the invention is a method of cooling a medium voltage electrical appliance with high amperage, having hot parts of which one hot part more each than the other hot part and parts less hot than the hot parts.
  • this method consists in inserting two heat pipes in series inside the apparatus by putting a heat pipe between the hot parts to evacuate the heat from the hottest part to the less hot part of the two hot parts and putting a first end of another heat pipe in the warmest of the hot parts and a second end of this other heat pipe in a less hot part than said hot parts. It is thus possible to extract the heat prevailing in the particularly hot parts and thus to homogenize the temperature in the apparatus.
  • Another main object of the invention is a cooling system of an electrical apparatus of the type circuit breaker or disconnector medium voltage and high amperage, having hot parts of which a hot part which is hotter than the other hot part and parts less hot than hot parts.
  • the system has a first heat pipe between the hot parts and another heat pipe whose first end is placed in the warmest of the hot parts and a second end is placed in a less hot part, the two heat pipes being in series.
  • FIG. 2 there is a high voltage electrical apparatus operating at high amperage, such as a circuit breaker 10. This is placed in a sheath 15, on insulating supports 18. Maneuvering elements 17 have been shown, in particular to the outside of the sheath 15. This is then placed itself on supports 19.
  • the circuit breaker 10 has fixed parts and moving parts. In all of these parts, there are parts or parts of a significant thickness.
  • hot parts 10C and 10A including the center of the circuit breaker 10
  • the hot parts 10C are hotter than the hot parts 10A which are in the region of the contacts of the circuit breaker 10.
  • the latter also has less hot parts 10B, which are therefore warmer than the hot parts 10A and 10C, placed eccentrically with respect to the center of the circuit breaker which is materialized by an axis A.
  • other less hot parts may be located towards the center of the circuit-breaker 10, provided that they are remote from the contacts of passage of the rated current
  • the method and apparatus of the invention utilize proven heat pipe technologies.
  • the heat is drawn directly to its source and routed to the outside of the device.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Domaine de l'invention et définitionField of the invention and definition

L'invention concerne en particulier le domaine des disjoncteurs ou des sectionneurs de générateurs fonctionnant à moyenne tension, placés dans une gaine de protection et utilisant des dispositifs de refroidissement fonctionnant avec un fluide caloporteur à changement de phase, appelés "caloducs".The invention particularly relates to the field of circuit breakers or disconnectors generators operating at medium voltage, placed in a protective sheath and using cooling devices operating with a heat transfer fluid phase change, called "heat pipes".

On rappelle qu'un caloduc se présente sous la forme d'une enceinte allongée hermétique renfermant un fluide en équilibre avec sa phase gazeuse et sa phase liquide, en l'absence de tout autre gaz.It is recalled that a heat pipe is in the form of an elongated hermetic enclosure containing a fluid in equilibrium with its gaseous phase and its liquid phase, in the absence of any other gas.

Art antérieur et problème poséPrior art and problem

Le souci permanent des constructeurs de ce type de matériel est d'augmenter la capacité de ces appareils à passer des courants d'ampérage de plus en plus importants, notamment au niveau des disjoncteurs et sectionneurs placés à l'intérieur de jeux de barres à la sortie de centrales productrices ou de distribution de courant électrique. C'est notamment le cas des disjoncteurs-d'alternateurs.The constant concern of the manufacturers of this type of equipment is to increase the capacity of these devices to pass amperage currents more and more important, especially at the level of circuit breakers and disconnectors placed inside busbars to the output of generating stations or distribution of electric power. This is particularly the case of the circuit-breakers-alternators.

Une méthode, généralement utilisée, consiste à homogénéiser la température de l'air en contact avec les différentes parties chauffantes et chauffées du disjoncteur concerné. Le refroidissement à l'intérieur d'une telle gaine de protection peut se faire par convexion naturelle ou forcée de l'air enfermé dans celle-ci et dans laquelle se trouve le disjoncteur, la température régnant à l'intérieur de celle-ci étant notablement supérieure à la température régnant à l'extérieur, c'est-à-dire de 30°C à au moins 40°C.One method, generally used, is to homogenize the air temperature by contact with the various heated and heated parts of the circuit breaker concerned. The cooling inside such a protective sheath can be done by natural or forced convection of the air enclosed in it and in which the circuit breaker is located, the temperature prevailing inside thereof being significantly higher than the temperature outside, that is, from 30 ° C to at least 40 ° C.

Une autre solution consiste à prévoir une augmentation de la section de passage du courant dans les différents éléments de transmission, donc de passer par une augmentation de la taille des pièces des disjoncteurs.Another solution is to provide an increase in the current flow section in the various transmission elements, so to go through an increase in the size of the parts of the circuit breakers.

Une troisième solution consiste à refroidir l'appareil lui-même. Un exemple est décrit dans le document de brevet EP 1 657 731 , on connaît un dispositif et un procédé de refroidissement d'un disjoncteur ou d'un sectionneur de haute tension. La figure 1 montre, en coupe, une réalisation décrite dans ce document. Elle représente principalement un conducteur de haute tension ou le carter d'un disjoncteur. Celui-ci est entouré d'évaporateurs 3 faisant partie d'un ensemble de refroidissement 1 de celui-ci. Un tel ensemble se complète d'un manchon d'isolation 7 entourant un dispositif fonctionnant avec un fluide caloporteur à changement de phase 5 pour évacuer la chaleur collectée par les évaporateurs 3. Un manchon élastique 9 complète l'ensemble. Le tout est placé l'intérieur d'une gaine de protection 8. L'ensemble de refroidissement débouche sur le toit de cette gaine de protection 8 pour aboutir à un dispositif de condensation 4, par exemple à ailettes.A third solution is to cool the device itself. An example is described in the patent document EP 1 657 731 there is known a device and a method of cooling a circuit breaker or a high-voltage disconnector. The figure 1 shows, in section, an embodiment described in this document. It mainly represents a high voltage conductor or the casing of a circuit breaker. This is surrounded by evaporators 3 forming part of a cooling unit 1 thereof. Such an assembly is completed by an insulation sleeve 7 surrounding a device operating with a phase change heat transfer fluid 5 to evacuate the heat collected by the evaporators 3. An elastic sleeve 9 completes the assembly. The whole is placed inside a protective sheath 8. The cooling assembly opens onto the roof of this protective sheath 8 to lead to a condensation device 4, for example with fins.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer une solution différente de refroidissement de l'appareil.The object of the invention is to propose a different solution for cooling the apparatus.

On précise que les normes en vigueur imposent que les températures des contacts et des appareils faisant partie d'installations électriques à haute tension et fort ampérage soient inférieures à 105°C, ce qui limite le courant qui peut transiter dans l'appareil considéré.It specifies that the standards in force require that the temperatures of the contacts and devices forming part of high-voltage electrical installations and high amperage be below 105 ° C, which limits the current that can pass through the device.

Le document " US 3 662 137 A " décrit un procédé et un système de refroidissement d'un appareil électrique selon le préambule des revendications 1 et 2.The document " US 3,662,137 A "describes a method and a cooling system of an electrical apparatus according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2.

Résume de l'inventionSummary of the invention

A cet effet, un premier objet principal de l'invention est un procédé de refroidissement d'un appareil électrique moyenne tension à fort ampérage, possédant des parties chaudes dont une partie chaude plus chaque que l'autre partie chaude et des parties moins chaudes que les parties chaudes.For this purpose, a first main object of the invention is a method of cooling a medium voltage electrical appliance with high amperage, having hot parts of which one hot part more each than the other hot part and parts less hot than the hot parts.

Selon l'invention, ce procédé consiste à insérer deux caloducs en série à l'intérieur de l'appareil en mettant un caloduc entre les parties chaudes pour évacuer la chaleur de la partie la plus chaude vers la moins chaude des deux parties chaudes et en mettant une première extrémité d'un autre caloduc dans la moins chaude des parties chaudes et une deuxième extrémité de cet autre caloduc dans une partie moins chaude que lesdites parties chaudes. On permet ainsi d'extraire la chaleur régnant dans les parties particulièrement chaudes et donc d'homogénéiser la température dans l'appareil.According to the invention, this method consists in inserting two heat pipes in series inside the apparatus by putting a heat pipe between the hot parts to evacuate the heat from the hottest part to the less hot part of the two hot parts and putting a first end of another heat pipe in the warmest of the hot parts and a second end of this other heat pipe in a less hot part than said hot parts. It is thus possible to extract the heat prevailing in the particularly hot parts and thus to homogenize the temperature in the apparatus.

Un autre objet principal de l'invention est un système de refroidissement d'un appareil électrique du type disjoncteur ou sectionneur à moyenne tension et fort ampérage, possédant des parties chaudes dont une partie chaude qui est plus chaude que l'autre partie chaude et des parties moins chaudes que les parties chaudes.Another main object of the invention is a cooling system of an electrical apparatus of the type circuit breaker or disconnector medium voltage and high amperage, having hot parts of which a hot part which is hotter than the other hot part and parts less hot than hot parts.

Selon l'invention, le système possède un premier caloduc entre les parties chaudes et un autre caloduc dont une première extrémité est placée dans la moins chaude des parties chaudes et une deuxième extrémité est placée dans une partie moins chaude, les deux caloducs se trouvant en série.According to the invention, the system has a first heat pipe between the hot parts and another heat pipe whose first end is placed in the warmest of the hot parts and a second end is placed in a less hot part, the two heat pipes being in series.

Liste des figuresList of Figures

L'invention et ses différentes caractéristiques techniques seront mieux comprises à la lecture de la description suivante, d'une réalisation de l'invention. Elle est accompagnée de deux figures représentant, respectivement :

  • figure 1, déjà décrite, en coupe transversale, un système de refroidissement d'un appareil moyenne tension à fort ampérage selon l'art antérieur ; et
  • figure 2, en coupe longitudinale, une réalisation du système selon l'invention.
The invention and its various technical features will be better understood on reading the following description of an embodiment of the invention. It is accompanied by two figures representing, respectively:
  • figure 1 , already described, in cross section, a cooling system of a medium voltage device with high amperage according to the prior art; and
  • figure 2 , in longitudinal section, an embodiment of the system according to the invention.

Description détaillée d'une réalisation de l'inventionDetailed description of an embodiment of the invention

Sur la figure 2, on distingue un appareil électrique à haute tension fonctionnant sous fort ampérage, tel qu'un disjoncteur 10. Celui-ci est placé dans une gaine 15, sur des supports isolants 18. Des organes de manoeuvre 17 ont été représentés, notamment à l'extérieur de la gaine 15. Celle-ci est alors placée elle-même sur des supports 19.On the figure 2 there is a high voltage electrical apparatus operating at high amperage, such as a circuit breaker 10. This is placed in a sheath 15, on insulating supports 18. Maneuvering elements 17 have been shown, in particular to the outside of the sheath 15. This is then placed itself on supports 19.

Le disjoncteur 10 possède des parties fixes et des parties mobiles. Dans l'ensemble de ces parties, figurent des parties ou des pièces d'une épaisseur non négligeable.The circuit breaker 10 has fixed parts and moving parts. In all of these parts, there are parts or parts of a significant thickness.

De plus, certaines de ces pièces ou parties possèdent des parties chaudes 10C et 10A, notamment le centre du disjoncteur 10 On précise que les parties chaudes 10C sont plus chaudes que les parties chaudes 10A qui sont dans la région des contacts du disjoncteur 10. En contre partie, ce dernier possède également des parties moins chaudes 10B, qui sont donc moins chaudes que les parties chaudes 10A et 10C, placées de façon excentrée par rapport au centre du disjoncteur qui est matérialisé par un axe A. On note que d'autres parties moins chaudes peuvent être situées vers le centre du disjoncteur 10, à condition qu'elles soient éloignées des contacts de passage du courant assignéIn addition, some of these parts or parts have hot parts 10C and 10A, including the center of the circuit breaker 10 It is specified that the hot parts 10C are hotter than the hot parts 10A which are in the region of the contacts of the circuit breaker 10. In against part, the latter also has less hot parts 10B, which are therefore warmer than the hot parts 10A and 10C, placed eccentrically with respect to the center of the circuit breaker which is materialized by an axis A. It is noted that other less hot parts may be located towards the center of the circuit-breaker 10, provided that they are remote from the contacts of passage of the rated current

On comprend ainsi qu'une partie de la chaleur des parties les plus chaudes 10C soit évacuée, en premier lieu, par un premier caloduc 11 horizontal vers les deuxièmes parties chaudes 10A. La chaleur de ces dernières est alors évacuée vers les parties moins chaudes 10B par l'intermédiaire d'un deuxième caloduc 11 qui est incliné. En fait, deux caloducs 11 sont placés en série.It is thus understood that part of the heat of the hottest portions 10C is removed, firstly, by a first horizontal heat pipe 11 to the second hot portions 10A. The heat of the latter is then discharged to the less hot parts 10B via a second heat pipe 11 which is inclined. In fact, two heat pipes 11 are placed in series.

On peut ainsi favoriser le maintien des parties chaudes 10C à une température inférieure à 105°C, définie par les normes en vigueur. L'appareil peut ainsi être refroidi plus facilement.It is thus possible to promote the maintenance of hot parts 10C at a temperature below 105 ° C, defined by the standards in force. The apparatus can thus be cooled more easily.

La position des six caloducs 11, représentés sur cette figure avec un exemple de réalisation, d'autres caloducs pouvant être placés dans d'autres sections que celles représentées sur la figure 2, y compris vers le bas, pour certaines technologies de caloducs dotés de dispositifs internes favorisant le retour de la phase liquide vers les parties chaudes grâce à l'utilisation des forces de capillarité. Cette technique peut également s'adapter pour d'autres appareils électriques, tels que des sectionneurs et des disjoncteurs, mais utilisant d'autres technologies de fonctionnement.The position of the six heat pipes 11 shown in this figure with an exemplary embodiment, other heat pipes can be placed in other sections than those shown on the diagram. figure 2 , including downwards, for certain heat pipe technologies with internal devices that favor the return of the liquid phase to the hot parts through the use of capillary forces. This technique can also be adapted for other electrical devices, such as disconnectors and circuit breakers, but using other operating technologies.

Avantages de l'inventionAdvantages of the invention

Le procédé et l'appareil selon l'invention font appel à des technologies de caloducs éprouvées. La chaleur est puisée directement à sa source et acheminée vers l'extérieur de l'appareil.The method and apparatus of the invention utilize proven heat pipe technologies. The heat is drawn directly to its source and routed to the outside of the device.

Claims (2)

  1. A cooling method for cooling medium-voltage, high-current electrical switchgear (10), having hot portions (10A, 10C), a hot portion (10C) of which is hotter than another hot portion (10A), and cooler portions (10B), that are cooler than the hot portions (10A, 10C);
    the method being characterized in that it consists in inserting two heat pipes (11) serially inside the switchgear (10), putting a heat pipe (11) between this two hot portions (10A, 10C) in order to evacuate the heat from the hotter (10C) towards the less hot (10A) of the two hot portions, and putting a first end (11A) of another heat pipe in the less hot portion (10A) of these hot portions and a second end (11B) of this other heat pipe (11) in a portion that is cooler (10B) than said hot portions (10A, 10C).
  2. A cooling system for cooling medium-voltage, high-current electrical switchgear, having hot portions (10A, 10C), a hot portion (10C) of which is hotter than the other hot portion (10A), and cooler portions (10B) that are cooler than the hot portions (10A, 10C);
    the system being characterized in that it comprises a first heat pipe (11) between these hot portions (10A, 10C) in order to evacuate the heat from the hotter (10C) towards the less hot (10A) of the two hot portions and another heat pipe (11), a first end (11A) of which is placed in a hot portion (10A, 11C) and a second end (11B) is placed in a portion that is less hot (10B) than said hot portion (10A, 11C), the two heat pipes being serially set.
EP10768250.2A 2009-10-26 2010-10-25 Method of cooling a medium-voltage electrical apparatus by integrated heat pipes and system using this method Active EP2494569B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0957484A FR2951859B1 (en) 2009-10-26 2009-10-26 METHOD FOR COOLING IN INTEGRATED COILS OF A MEDIUM VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND SYSTEM USING THE SAME
PCT/EP2010/066017 WO2011051202A1 (en) 2009-10-26 2010-10-25 Method of cooling a medium-voltage electrical apparatus by integrated heat pipes and system using this method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2494569A1 EP2494569A1 (en) 2012-09-05
EP2494569B1 true EP2494569B1 (en) 2014-12-17

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US (1) US8717745B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2494569B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2013508907A (en)
CN (1) CN102598175A (en)
FR (1) FR2951859B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011051202A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
EP2494569A1 (en) 2012-09-05
WO2011051202A1 (en) 2011-05-05
US8717745B2 (en) 2014-05-06
FR2951859A1 (en) 2011-04-29
US20120206863A1 (en) 2012-08-16
FR2951859B1 (en) 2012-12-21
JP2013508907A (en) 2013-03-07
CN102598175A (en) 2012-07-18

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