EP2486189B1 - A process for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments which is formed on the surface of the substrate - Google Patents
A process for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments which is formed on the surface of the substrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2486189B1 EP2486189B1 EP10822323.1A EP10822323A EP2486189B1 EP 2486189 B1 EP2486189 B1 EP 2486189B1 EP 10822323 A EP10822323 A EP 10822323A EP 2486189 B1 EP2486189 B1 EP 2486189B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- silica
- water soluble
- soluble silicate
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 147
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 90
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 humidfiers Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007647 flexography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001935 peptisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
- D21H19/40—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/70—Inorganic compounds forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with other substances added separately
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
- D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/32—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon in the main chain of the macromolecule
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments which is formed on the surface of the substrate.
- Silica is often used as a pigment during manufacturing of printing paper, especially paper for ink-jet printers or presses.
- the silica pigments can also be used generally in digital printing techniques, such as electrophotography, liquid toner or thermal inks, but also in impact printing techniques such as offset of flexography. Besides the increased printing properties, silica also improves the optical properties of a paper or paperboard.
- Silica pigments can be produced in a number of different ways.
- One way is to treat sodium silicate (waterglass) with a pH reducing medium which will result in the formation of silica pigments.
- Other methods can for example be dialysis, electrodialysis, peptization, acid neutralization and ion-exchange.
- Silica pigments used in paper applications, often have high surface area either because of small particle size or high porosity.
- One effect of high surface area of such pigments is that they are able to bind a lot of water.
- conventional pigments such as calcium carbonate, kaolin or talcum
- high surface area silica pigment dispersions therefore requires special attention in order to achieve high solid content coating or surface treatment dispersions.
- Increasing the dry content of a dispersion comprising silica pigments through the addition of stabilizers and/or thickening agents will partly provide steric or electrosteric stability to the dispersion, but the final dry content is still significantly lower than what is obtained for standard pigment coating formulations.
- binders secures that the pigments binds to each other and to the fibers, which hence improves surface strength and e.g. decrease problems with dusting.
- problems with rheology can occur during the transfer process of the mixture of stabilizer, binder and silica pigments to a surface of the paper.
- the dry content of the composition need to be decreased and the dry content of compositions comprising silica pigments is thus quite low which reduces the production rate and increases the water content applied to the paper. As a consequent, the paper must be exposed to immense heat treatment in order for the paper to dry.
- cationic polymers prevent, for example so called bleeding of the print if it is exposed to water or feathering or wicking which might occur along the fibers.
- anionic silica pigments problems with high viscosity and precipitations often occur.
- silica pigments of today are its current cost structure. It is normally very expensive to buy produced silica pigments since the manufacturing process and drying of the pigments in order to make them usable in the paper mills are very energy demanding. Also, it is quite complicated to store and handle the produced silica pigments at the paper mills. Since silica pigments are porous their volume is often quite big and they thus take up a lot of room. As an alternative, the silica pigments can be transported as a solution to the mills but this is also expensive since the dry content of a silica solution, need to be quite low in order for the solution to be stable, i.e. a lot of water also needs to be transported.
- US 25 688 50 discloses a fire resistive vapour barrier paper which comprises a flexible paper sheet coated on at least one surface thereof with coating having a base which consists of bitumen and water-soluble alkali metal silicate.
- US 30 85 861 discloses a method of preparing finely divided precipitated siliceous pigment from a water-soluble alkali mebal salt.
- Another object of the invention is to produce a substrate comprising silica pigments in a cost effective way.
- the present invention describes a process for the production of a substrate wherein the process comprises; providing a substrate comprising cellulosic fibers, applying a solution comprising water soluble silicate to the surface of the substrate and treating the substrate so that the water soluble silicate is polymerized forming silica pigments on the surface of the substrate and finally drying the substrate with the formed silica pigments on the surface.
- the water soluble silicate is preferable an alkali metal silicate or a silicic acid.
- the polymerization and/or precipitation of the water soluble silicate may occur by addition of a pH altering medium or by the aid of ion-exchange.
- Other known methods for the polymerization and formation of silica pigments to occur such as dialysis or electrodialys, may also be used. It is important that the polymerization and formation of silica pigment occur on the surface of the substrate. Therefore, the treatment of the water soluble silicate much be done so that that the silica pigments are polymerized and formed on the surface.
- the substrate may be treated by addition of a pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate in order for the silica pigments to polymerize and form on the surface of the substrate.
- the pH altering medium may be a pH reducing or pH increasing medium.
- the reaction in which silica pigments are formed is a well know reaction of water soluble silicate, preferable alkali metal silicate or silicic acid, at a reduced or increased pH. It is preferred that the solution comprises alkali metal silicate and that a pH reducing medium is added to the surface of the substrate so that silica pigments are formed on the surface of the substrate. It is also possible that the reaction in which silica pigments are formed is a reaction of silicic acid at an increased or reduced pH.
- silica pigments By separately adding a solution comprising water soluble silicate and a pH altering medium to a surface of a substrate, it is possible to produce silica pigments directly on the surface of the substrate and thus to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above with the production, such as compatibility and runnability, transportation and storage of the silica pigments.
- a reaction in which silica pigments are formed will occur.
- the reaction will either occur during the addition of the pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate to the surface or after the addition of the pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate to the surface of the substrate.
- the pH reducing medium may be an inorganic or organic acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloride acid or acetic acid, acid salts, pigments or gases.
- Other examples of pH reducing mediums are sodium orthoborate (borax), sodium bisulfite, sodium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, carbon dioxide or a combination of two or more of these substances.
- Acid salts of weak bases and strong acids such as ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyaluminum nitrate (PAN) and the like may also be used alone or in combination with any of the substances mentioned above.
- the pH increasing medium may be an alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide.
- silica pigments such as silica gel, precipitated silica and colloidal silica
- the type of silica pigment formed depends on the pH during the reaction.
- the specific type of silica formed on the surface of the substrate may be controlled by the amount and concentration of the pH altering medium added.
- the pH during the reaction in which silica is formed may be basic, neutral or even acid. If a pH reducing medium is added, the reaction will occur when the pH is reduced but it is not always necessary to neutralize the pH of the solution comprising water soluble silicate or to make it acid, even though it sometimes is preferred.
- different type of silica pigments are formed. If for example polyaluminum chloride is used, an aluminum silicate is produced.
- alkali metal silicates such as sodium silicate (waterglass), or silicic acid being preferred.
- the solution comprising water soluble silicate may first be added to the surface of the substrate followed by the pH altering medium. It is also possible to first add the pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate followed by the solution comprising water soluble silicate. The reaction in which silica is formed will thus occur after the addition of the solutions to the surface of the substrate.
- the pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate are mixed directly before addition to the surface of the substrate.
- the reaction in which silica is formed will thus occur during the addition, directly before addition or after the addition of the solutions to the surface of the substrate. It is possible that the reaction in which silica pigments is formed are delayed, so even if the solutions are mixed before addition, the reaction can occur on the surface of the substrate.
- the major part of the silica pigments is formed on the surface of the substrate in order to achieve the advantages mentioned here, especially in order to achieve the increased bonding of the pigments to the fibers.
- One or several binders may be added to the pH altering medium and/or to the solution comprising water soluble silicate in order to provide surface or internal strength alternatively wet strength to the substrate. It is also possible to add the binder separately, i.e. without mixing it with the pH altering medium or the solution comprising water soluble silicate.
- Possible binders are starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, resins, nanocellulose or microfibrillated cellulose, protein, polyvinylalcohol-polyvinyl acetate, acrylate based polymers, guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), styrene acrylate, styrene butadiene or mixtures of these substances.
- Other binders or rheology modifying agents can also be used.
- additives can also be added either to the pH altering medium and/or to the solution comprising water soluble silicate.
- Example of such additives are optical brightening agents (OBA), calcium chloride, cationic polymers, organic or inorganic pigments, crosslinkers, humidfiers, fibers, primers, hydrophobic agents, biocides or lubricants.
- the application of the solution comprising water soluble silicate and the pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate can be done in a number of different ways. Examples of possible methods are; by the aid of rolls in combination of one or several film presses, with the aid of spray nozzles positioned in one or several lines across the substrate, with spray nozzles adapted for dosage of at least two components, with the aid of curtain coaters or with a combination of any of these methods. If a curtain coater is used, it is possible that two or more curtains origin from the same coater if both a solution comprising water soluble silicate and a pH altering medium is added, so that the solution comprising water soluble silicate is added through one curtain and the pH altering medium through another.
- the application of the solution comprising water soluble silicate and the pH altering medium can further be made by use of a sheet or web-fed printing or converting machine.
- An offset, flexographic or an inkjet printing press can for instance first print the solution comprising water soluble silicate and then transfer the pH altering medium to the surface and thus create wet on wet application step before either applying a third layer without or with intermediate drying.
- pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate are mixed directly before the addition to the surface of the substrate it is preferred that the mixing is done in a spray nozzle or on a roll which then transfers the formed silica to the substrate.
- the amount of silica pigments of the substrate depends on the end use of the final product produced. If the final product is a fine paper used for printing, the silica content may preferable be between 0,1-10 g/m2 per side. However, if it is a medium to high quality ink-jet printing paper the silica content is preferable higher.
- the concentration of water soluble silicate in the solution which is added to the substrate is regulated in such a way that the amount of silica on the surface of the substrate is within the desired range, i.e.
- the concentration of the water soluble silicate in the solution and the amount of solution added is regulated so that the amount of silica on the surface is within the desired range.
- the concentration of the pH altering medium might also be regulated in order to adjust and improve certain functional properties of the paper such as static electricity, ink setting mechanisms or de-inkability.
- An advantage with the present invention is that the dry content of the added solution can be increased compared to if silica pigments were directly added to the surface of the substrate as described in prior art. Since the solution comprising water soluble silicate and the pH altering medium is separately added to the surface of the substrate the problems as previously described with a solution comprising silica pigments are avoided and it is thus possible to increase the total dry content of the added solutions. Consequently, less water is added to the substrate and the drying demands are decreased.
- the silica pigments will bond stronger to the fibers and the amount of binders can possible be reduced without decreasing the quality of the substrate. Since the solution comprising water soluble silicate is added directly to the surface of the substrate the solution will partly be absorbed by the fibers on the surface of the substrate and the formed silica pigment will thus partly be incorporated into the fiber structure of the surface of the substrate which increases the bond between the silica pigments and the substrate.
- a substrate comprising more than one layer of silica pigments on the surface. This can for example be done by addition of a second solution comprising water soluble silicate and a second pH altering medium. It is also possible to produce more than two layers of silica, such as three, four, five or more in the same manner.
- An additional advantage with the process according to the invention is that it is also possible to add a cationic polymer to the surface of the substrate without the disadvantages mentioned above. Since the formation of the anionic silica particles occur on the surface of the substrate there is no mixing of the anionic silica particles and the cationic polymers before addition of the components to the surface of the substrate. Consequently, the anionic silica particles and the cationic polymers will thus not be able to react and form the mentioned precipitations.
- cationic polymers are cationic starches, cationic guars and cationic polyacrylamides, the application of which to papermaking have all been described in the prior art.
- Other cationic polymers may also be used in combination with the silica pigments, either alone or in addition to the cationic starches, cationic guars and cationic polyacrylamides.
- cationic polymers examples include polyethyleneimine, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, copolymers of acrylamide with 2-methylacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, amine-epichlorohydrin condensation products and cationic wet strength resins obtained by condensing polyamines with dicarboxylic acids and then further reacting the prepolymer with epichlorohydrin.
- Cationic starches are particularly useful in that they have the advantages of low cost and of imparting dry strength to the paper.
- the cationic starch used may be derived from any of the common starch producing materials such as corn starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch although the potato starches usually yield the most desirable cationized products.
- the disadvantages mention above can be avoided and the production cost for a substrate, especially an ink-jet printing paper, is strongly reduced.
- the energy demand for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments according to the invention is reduced since there is no need for drying or pretreatment of the silica pigments in order for them to be stable enough to transportation to the site of usage (often from the producer to the customer's mill).
- the energy demand for the production of a substrate according to the invention is decreased since it is possible to increase the dry content of the solutions added to the surface.
- the substrate is dried after the addition of the pH altering medium and/or the solution comprising water soluble silicate in order for a dried substrate to form.
- All known processes for drying cellulosic substrates may be used. Since the temperature especially of the surface of the substrate is increased during drying, the reaction in which silica pigments is formed may be accelerated during the drying of the substrate. Thus, the silica pigments may be formed during the drying of the substrate.
- the substrate according to the invention will show improved bond between the fibers and the formed silica pigments. Furthermore, the substrate comprises salts which are formed during the production of silica pigments. It is preferred that the substrate is a printing substrate of paper or paperboard which will be printed in a subsequent printing process.
- substrate means to also include but not being limited to a paper or paperboard comprising cellulosic fibers.
- Other materials suitable for printing are also included, such as plastics, polymer coated paper or paperboard, textiles etc. It may also be possible to provide substrates which will be used as flame retardants with silica pigments, i.e. flame retardant substrates.
- the substrate comprises cellulosic fibers and by this, not only cellulosic fibers but all components which origins from cellulosic fibers are included. Examples of such components are microfibrillated cellulose (nanocellulose) or regenerated cellulose.
- the cellulosic fibers may be softwood and/or hardwood fibers.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a process for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments which is formed on the surface of the substrate.
- Silica is often used as a pigment during manufacturing of printing paper, especially paper for ink-jet printers or presses. The silica pigments can also be used generally in digital printing techniques, such as electrophotography, liquid toner or thermal inks, but also in impact printing techniques such as offset of flexography. Besides the increased printing properties, silica also improves the optical properties of a paper or paperboard.
- Silica pigments can be produced in a number of different ways. One way is to treat sodium silicate (waterglass) with a pH reducing medium which will result in the formation of silica pigments. Other methods can for example be dialysis, electrodialysis, peptization, acid neutralization and ion-exchange.
- Silica pigments, used in paper applications, often have high surface area either because of small particle size or high porosity. One effect of high surface area of such pigments is that they are able to bind a lot of water. Compared with conventional pigments, such as calcium carbonate, kaolin or talcum, high surface area silica pigment dispersions therefore requires special attention in order to achieve high solid content coating or surface treatment dispersions. Increasing the dry content of a dispersion comprising silica pigments through the addition of stabilizers and/or thickening agents will partly provide steric or electrosteric stability to the dispersion, but the final dry content is still significantly lower than what is obtained for standard pigment coating formulations. Furthermore, in order for the silica pigments to bind to a paper, addition of high amounts of binders are also often necessary. The binders secures that the pigments binds to each other and to the fibers, which hence improves surface strength and e.g. decrease problems with dusting. However, problems with rheology can occur during the transfer process of the mixture of stabilizer, binder and silica pigments to a surface of the paper. In order to avoid these problems the dry content of the composition need to be decreased and the dry content of compositions comprising silica pigments is thus quite low which reduces the production rate and increases the water content applied to the paper. As a consequent, the paper must be exposed to immense heat treatment in order for the paper to dry.
- During production of printing paper for ink-jet printing it is often advantageous to add cationic polymers to the solution comprising silica pigments, which thereafter is added to the paper surface. Cationic polymers prevent, for example so called bleeding of the print if it is exposed to water or feathering or wicking which might occur along the fibers. However, when the cationic polymers are mixed with anionic silica pigments problems with high viscosity and precipitations often occur.
- Furthermore, a disadvantage with the usage of silica pigments of today is its current cost structure. It is normally very expensive to buy produced silica pigments since the manufacturing process and drying of the pigments in order to make them usable in the paper mills are very energy demanding. Also, it is quite complicated to store and handle the produced silica pigments at the paper mills. Since silica pigments are porous their volume is often quite big and they thus take up a lot of room. As an alternative, the silica pigments can be transported as a solution to the mills but this is also expensive since the dry content of a silica solution, need to be quite low in order for the solution to be stable, i.e. a lot of water also needs to be transported.
-
US 25 688 50 discloses a fire resistive vapour barrier paper which comprises a flexible paper sheet coated on at least one surface thereof with coating having a base which consists of bitumen and water-soluble alkali metal silicate. -
US 30 85 861 discloses a method of preparing finely divided precipitated siliceous pigment from a water-soluble alkali mebal salt. - There is thus a need for an improved process for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments.
- It is an object of the invention to produce a substrate comprising silica pigments in an improved way.
- Another object of the invention is to produce a substrate comprising silica pigments in a cost effective way.
- These, as well as other objects, are achieved by the present invention, which describes a process for the production of a substrate wherein the process comprises; providing a substrate comprising cellulosic fibers, applying a solution comprising water soluble silicate to the surface of the substrate and treating the substrate so that the water soluble silicate is polymerized forming silica pigments on the surface of the substrate and finally drying the substrate with the formed silica pigments on the surface.
- The water soluble silicate is preferable an alkali metal silicate or a silicic acid.
- The polymerization and/or precipitation of the water soluble silicate may occur by addition of a pH altering medium or by the aid of ion-exchange. Other known methods for the polymerization and formation of silica pigments to occur, such as dialysis or electrodialys, may also be used. It is important that the polymerization and formation of silica pigment occur on the surface of the substrate. Therefore, the treatment of the water soluble silicate much be done so that that the silica pigments are polymerized and formed on the surface.
- The substrate may be treated by addition of a pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate in order for the silica pigments to polymerize and form on the surface of the substrate. The pH altering medium may be a pH reducing or pH increasing medium. The reaction in which silica pigments are formed is a well know reaction of water soluble silicate, preferable alkali metal silicate or silicic acid, at a reduced or increased pH. It is preferred that the solution comprises alkali metal silicate and that a pH reducing medium is added to the surface of the substrate so that silica pigments are formed on the surface of the substrate. It is also possible that the reaction in which silica pigments are formed is a reaction of silicic acid at an increased or reduced pH.
- By separately adding a solution comprising water soluble silicate and a pH altering medium to a surface of a substrate, it is possible to produce silica pigments directly on the surface of the substrate and thus to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above with the production, such as compatibility and runnability, transportation and storage of the silica pigments.
- By separately adding a solution comprising water soluble silicate and a pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate, a reaction in which silica pigments are formed will occur. The reaction will either occur during the addition of the pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate to the surface or after the addition of the pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate to the surface of the substrate.
- The pH reducing medium may be an inorganic or organic acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloride acid or acetic acid, acid salts, pigments or gases. Other examples of pH reducing mediums are sodium orthoborate (borax), sodium bisulfite, sodium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, carbon dioxide or a combination of two or more of these substances. Acid salts of weak bases and strong acids such as ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyaluminum nitrate (PAN) and the like may also be used alone or in combination with any of the substances mentioned above.
- The pH increasing medium may be an alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide.
- Many different types of silica pigments, such as silica gel, precipitated silica and colloidal silica, may be formed during a reaction of water soluble silicate at a reduced or increased pH. The type of silica pigment formed depends on the pH during the reaction. Thus, the specific type of silica formed on the surface of the substrate may be controlled by the amount and concentration of the pH altering medium added. The pH during the reaction in which silica is formed may be basic, neutral or even acid. If a pH reducing medium is added, the reaction will occur when the pH is reduced but it is not always necessary to neutralize the pH of the solution comprising water soluble silicate or to make it acid, even though it sometimes is preferred. Depending on the pH altering medium used, different type of silica pigments are formed. If for example polyaluminum chloride is used, an aluminum silicate is produced.
- Any water soluble silicate can be used in the present process, alkali metal silicates, such as sodium silicate (waterglass), or silicic acid being preferred.
- The solution comprising water soluble silicate may first be added to the surface of the substrate followed by the pH altering medium. It is also possible to first add the pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate followed by the solution comprising water soluble silicate. The reaction in which silica is formed will thus occur after the addition of the solutions to the surface of the substrate.
- It is also possible that the pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate are mixed directly before addition to the surface of the substrate. The reaction in which silica is formed will thus occur during the addition, directly before addition or after the addition of the solutions to the surface of the substrate. It is possible that the reaction in which silica pigments is formed are delayed, so even if the solutions are mixed before addition, the reaction can occur on the surface of the substrate.
- It is preferred that the major part of the silica pigments is formed on the surface of the substrate in order to achieve the advantages mentioned here, especially in order to achieve the increased bonding of the pigments to the fibers.
- One or several binders may be added to the pH altering medium and/or to the solution comprising water soluble silicate in order to provide surface or internal strength alternatively wet strength to the substrate. It is also possible to add the binder separately, i.e. without mixing it with the pH altering medium or the solution comprising water soluble silicate. Possible binders are starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, resins, nanocellulose or microfibrillated cellulose, protein, polyvinylalcohol-polyvinyl acetate, acrylate based polymers, guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), styrene acrylate, styrene butadiene or mixtures of these substances. Other binders or rheology modifying agents can also be used.
- Other additives can also be added either to the pH altering medium and/or to the solution comprising water soluble silicate. Example of such additives are optical brightening agents (OBA), calcium chloride, cationic polymers, organic or inorganic pigments, crosslinkers, humidfiers, fibers, primers, hydrophobic agents, biocides or lubricants.
- The application of the solution comprising water soluble silicate and the pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate can be done in a number of different ways. Examples of possible methods are; by the aid of rolls in combination of one or several film presses, with the aid of spray nozzles positioned in one or several lines across the substrate, with spray nozzles adapted for dosage of at least two components, with the aid of curtain coaters or with a combination of any of these methods. If a curtain coater is used, it is possible that two or more curtains origin from the same coater if both a solution comprising water soluble silicate and a pH altering medium is added, so that the solution comprising water soluble silicate is added through one curtain and the pH altering medium through another.
- The application of the solution comprising water soluble silicate and the pH altering medium can further be made by use of a sheet or web-fed printing or converting machine. An offset, flexographic or an inkjet printing press can for instance first print the solution comprising water soluble silicate and then transfer the pH altering medium to the surface and thus create wet on wet application step before either applying a third layer without or with intermediate drying.
- It could also be possible to use an in-situ spray system to dose the solution comprising water soluble silicate and the pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate. The treatment could then be followed by drying or alternatively impact or non-impact printing.
- If the pH altering medium and the solution comprising water soluble silicate are mixed directly before the addition to the surface of the substrate it is preferred that the mixing is done in a spray nozzle or on a roll which then transfers the formed silica to the substrate.
- It is preferred to treat both sides of the substrate with the pH altering medium and/or the solution comprising water soluble silicate, but it is also possible to only treat one side of the substrate.
- It is preferred to add an amount of 0,1-20 g/m2 silica pigments per side of the substrate. However, the amount of silica pigments of the substrate depends on the end use of the final product produced. If the final product is a fine paper used for printing, the silica content may preferable be between 0,1-10 g/m2 per side. However, if it is a medium to high quality ink-jet printing paper the silica content is preferable higher. The concentration of water soluble silicate in the solution which is added to the substrate is regulated in such a way that the amount of silica on the surface of the substrate is within the desired range, i.e. the concentration of the water soluble silicate in the solution and the amount of solution added is regulated so that the amount of silica on the surface is within the desired range. The concentration of the pH altering medium might also be regulated in order to adjust and improve certain functional properties of the paper such as static electricity, ink setting mechanisms or de-inkability.
- An advantage with the present invention is that the dry content of the added solution can be increased compared to if silica pigments were directly added to the surface of the substrate as described in prior art. Since the solution comprising water soluble silicate and the pH altering medium is separately added to the surface of the substrate the problems as previously described with a solution comprising silica pigments are avoided and it is thus possible to increase the total dry content of the added solutions. Consequently, less water is added to the substrate and the drying demands are decreased.
- Since it is preferred that the formation of silica pigments occur on the surface of the substrate, the silica pigments will bond stronger to the fibers and the amount of binders can possible be reduced without decreasing the quality of the substrate. Since the solution comprising water soluble silicate is added directly to the surface of the substrate the solution will partly be absorbed by the fibers on the surface of the substrate and the formed silica pigment will thus partly be incorporated into the fiber structure of the surface of the substrate which increases the bond between the silica pigments and the substrate.
- Furthermore, during the reaction of water soluble silicate and a pH altering medium different salts are formed. In the art, these are normally washed away during the production of silica pigments which are to be used in a paper mill. However, during reaction of water soluble silicate on the surface of the substrate according to the invention, the formed salts are not washed away. It has been shown that the presence of these salts, improves the properties of the substrate since it can be used for example in order to regulate the electric properties of the substrate. Which type of salts formed depends on the chemicals used but the salts may for example be sodium, aluminum or calcium salts.
- It is also possible to produce a substrate comprising more than one layer of silica pigments on the surface. This can for example be done by addition of a second solution comprising water soluble silicate and a second pH altering medium. It is also possible to produce more than two layers of silica, such as three, four, five or more in the same manner.
- An additional advantage with the process according to the invention is that it is also possible to add a cationic polymer to the surface of the substrate without the disadvantages mentioned above. Since the formation of the anionic silica particles occur on the surface of the substrate there is no mixing of the anionic silica particles and the cationic polymers before addition of the components to the surface of the substrate. Consequently, the anionic silica particles and the cationic polymers will thus not be able to react and form the mentioned precipitations.
- The most useful of cationic polymers are cationic starches, cationic guars and cationic polyacrylamides, the application of which to papermaking have all been described in the prior art. Other cationic polymers may also be used in combination with the silica pigments, either alone or in addition to the cationic starches, cationic guars and cationic polyacrylamides. Examples of such cationic polymers are polyethyleneimine, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, copolymers of acrylamide with 2-methylacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, amine-epichlorohydrin condensation products and cationic wet strength resins obtained by condensing polyamines with dicarboxylic acids and then further reacting the prepolymer with epichlorohydrin. Cationic starches are particularly useful in that they have the advantages of low cost and of imparting dry strength to the paper. The cationic starch used may be derived from any of the common starch producing materials such as corn starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch although the potato starches usually yield the most desirable cationized products.
- By using the process according to the invention, the disadvantages mention above can be avoided and the production cost for a substrate, especially an ink-jet printing paper, is strongly reduced. The energy demand for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments according to the invention is reduced since there is no need for drying or pretreatment of the silica pigments in order for them to be stable enough to transportation to the site of usage (often from the producer to the customer's mill). Furthermore, the energy demand for the production of a substrate according to the invention is decreased since it is possible to increase the dry content of the solutions added to the surface.
- The substrate is dried after the addition of the pH altering medium and/or the solution comprising water soluble silicate in order for a dried substrate to form. All known processes for drying cellulosic substrates may be used. Since the temperature especially of the surface of the substrate is increased during drying, the reaction in which silica pigments is formed may be accelerated during the drying of the substrate. Thus, the silica pigments may be formed during the drying of the substrate.
- The substrate according to the invention will show improved bond between the fibers and the formed silica pigments. Furthermore, the substrate comprises salts which are formed during the production of silica pigments. It is preferred that the substrate is a printing substrate of paper or paperboard which will be printed in a subsequent printing process.
- In terms of this invention, substrate means to also include but not being limited to a paper or paperboard comprising cellulosic fibers. Other materials suitable for printing are also included, such as plastics, polymer coated paper or paperboard, textiles etc. It may also be possible to provide substrates which will be used as flame retardants with silica pigments, i.e. flame retardant substrates.
- The substrate comprises cellulosic fibers and by this, not only cellulosic fibers but all components which origins from cellulosic fibers are included. Examples of such components are microfibrillated cellulose (nanocellulose) or regenerated cellulose. The cellulosic fibers may be softwood and/or hardwood fibers.
Claims (9)
- A process for the production of a substrate wherein the process comprises the steps of;- providing a substrate comprising cellulosic fibers,- applying a solution comprising water soluble silicate to the surface of the substrate,- treating the substrate so that the water soluble silicate is polymerized forming silica pigments on the surface of the substrate,- drying the substrate.
- The process according to claim 1 wherein the water soluble silicate is alkali metal silicate or silicic acid.
- The process according to any of the preceding claims wherein the substrate is treated by addition of a pH altering medium to the surface of the substrate.
- The process according to claim 3 wherein the pH altering medium is a pH reducing medium.
- The process according to claim 4 wherein the pH reducing medium is, an inorganic or organic acid, an acid metal salt or a gas or a combination of two or more of these substances.
- The process according to any of claims 3-5 wherein the solution comprising water soluble silicate is added to the surface of the substrate followed by the addition of the pH altering medium.
- The process according to any of the preceding claims wherein a cationic polymer further is added to the surface of the substrate.
- A substrate produced according to the process described in any of claims 1-7.
- A substrate according to claim 8 wherein the substrate is a printing substrate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0950745A SE534210C2 (en) | 2009-10-09 | 2009-10-09 | Process for manufacturing a substrate containing silica pigment formed on the surface of the substrate |
PCT/SE2010/051074 WO2011043725A1 (en) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-10-05 | A process for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments which is formed on the surface of the substrate |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2486189A1 EP2486189A1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2486189A4 EP2486189A4 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2486189B1 true EP2486189B1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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EP10822323.1A Active EP2486189B1 (en) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-10-05 | A process for the production of a substrate comprising silica pigments which is formed on the surface of the substrate |
Country Status (6)
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EP (1) | EP2486189B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102686801B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012008197A2 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2486189E (en) |
SE (1) | SE534210C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011043725A1 (en) |
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SE537737C2 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-10-06 | Stora Enso Oyj | In-Line Preparation of Silica for Retention Purposes in Paper or Cardboard Manufacturing Process |
SE543549C2 (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2021-03-23 | Stora Enso Oyj | Method for manufacturing a composition comprising microfibrillated cellulose |
DE102018124255A1 (en) * | 2018-10-01 | 2020-04-02 | Technische Universität Darmstadt | Nonwoven fabrics with asymmetrical silica impregnation and process for producing the nonwovens and their uses |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2383653A (en) * | 1941-06-04 | 1945-08-28 | Du Pont | Silicic acid sols |
US2568850A (en) * | 1951-04-11 | 1951-09-25 | Carey Philip Mfg Co | Vapor barrier paper and the manufacture thereof |
US3085861A (en) * | 1955-04-08 | 1963-04-16 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Preparation of siliceous pigment |
NL128891C (en) * | 1959-05-05 | |||
ES361856A1 (en) * | 1968-04-06 | 1970-11-16 | Roehm & Haas Gmbh | Procedure for paper textile covering and textile surface configurations. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
US3928540A (en) * | 1971-07-26 | 1975-12-23 | Ppg Industries Inc | Process for preparing silica pigment |
US4554181A (en) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-19 | The Mead Corporation | Ink jet recording sheet having a bicomponent cationic recording surface |
JPS61287447A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1986-12-17 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | Production of heat resistant catalytic carrier composition |
JPS61287477A (en) * | 1985-06-13 | 1986-12-17 | Inax Corp | Formation of inorganic coating film |
US4816074A (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1989-03-28 | E.C.C. America Inc. | Kaolinite aggregation using sodium silicate |
DE3789657D1 (en) * | 1986-06-17 | 1994-05-26 | Huber Corp J M | SYNTHETIC ALKALI-METAL-ALUMINO-SILICATES, METHODS AND USE, PREPARATIONS, AND THEIR METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF. |
AU700330B2 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1998-12-24 | Nippon Paper Industries Co. Ltd. | Recording paper |
GB0410749D0 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2004-06-16 | Dow Corning Ireland Ltd | Coating apparatus |
FR2872180A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2005-12-30 | Arjowiggins Papiers Couches So | PAPER COATED WITH A PIGMENTED COMPOSITION COMPRISING OFFSET PRINTING SILICA |
-
2009
- 2009-10-09 SE SE0950745A patent/SE534210C2/en unknown
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2010
- 2010-10-05 CN CN201080056008.XA patent/CN102686801B/en active Active
- 2010-10-05 WO PCT/SE2010/051074 patent/WO2011043725A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-10-05 EP EP10822323.1A patent/EP2486189B1/en active Active
- 2010-10-05 BR BR112012008197A patent/BR112012008197A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-10-05 PT PT10822323T patent/PT2486189E/en unknown
Also Published As
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SE0950745A1 (en) | 2011-04-10 |
CN102686801B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
PT2486189E (en) | 2015-03-09 |
WO2011043725A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
EP2486189A1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2486189A4 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
CN102686801A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
SE534210C2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
BR112012008197A2 (en) | 2016-04-12 |
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