EP2480735A1 - Formwork-stripping device - Google Patents

Formwork-stripping device

Info

Publication number
EP2480735A1
EP2480735A1 EP10779724A EP10779724A EP2480735A1 EP 2480735 A1 EP2480735 A1 EP 2480735A1 EP 10779724 A EP10779724 A EP 10779724A EP 10779724 A EP10779724 A EP 10779724A EP 2480735 A1 EP2480735 A1 EP 2480735A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
corner
elements
formwork element
drawbar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10779724A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2480735B1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Renz
Sergio Altavini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Peri GmbH
Original Assignee
Peri GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=43536384&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2480735(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Peri GmbH filed Critical Peri GmbH
Publication of EP2480735A1 publication Critical patent/EP2480735A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2480735B1 publication Critical patent/EP2480735B1/en
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/001Corner fastening or connecting means for forming or stiffening elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/28Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/30Cores; Mandrels adjustable, collapsible, or expanding
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E04G11/082Retractable forms for the inside face of at least three walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E04G11/10Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring of elements without beams which are mounted during erection of the shuttering to brace or couple the elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G15/00Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels
    • E04G15/06Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels for cavities or channels in walls of floors, e.g. for making chimneys
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/04Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements
    • E04G17/045Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements being tensioned by wedge-shaped elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Ausschalvorraum with a Eckschalungselement, which is connectable on both sides with a further formwork element, wherein in the corner formwork a vertically movable drawbar is mounted, which is coupled via a plurality of hinge lever in such a way with the two other formwork elements, that these two further formwork elements by a Vertical movement of the drawbar relative to the corner formwork element are movable.
  • Such stripping devices are known from the prior art and are used in particular in shaft formwork, which can be used for example to produce elevator shafts made of concrete.
  • shaft formworks consist of an external shaft formwork and an internal shaft formwork, which enclose between them a volume which is filled up with concrete. While the outer shaft formwork can be easily released from the hardened concrete by an outward movement, the detachment of the inner shaft formwork from the hardened concrete is more complicated. In this case, different sections of the internal shaft formwork have to be moved toward one another simultaneously or one after the other in order to reduce the size of the internal shaft formwork and thereby enable it to detach from the hardened concrete.
  • An inner shaft formwork loosened in this way can then be pulled out of a completely concreted, open-top shaft by means of a crane handrail.
  • a vertically movable drawbar actuates articulated levers which serve to move individual sections of an inner shaft formwork inwards.
  • An object underlying the invention is to develop a stripping device such that it can be solved with the least possible effort and as safely as possible from the hardened concrete.
  • This object is achieved by a stripping device according to claim 1.
  • the object is achieved in that the pull rod for triggering a vertical movement of the same has a vertically and linearly movable together with the pull rod attack surface for a lever and / or a jointly with the pull rod vertically and linearly movable coupling region for a pull chain.
  • the movement of the drawbar and the associated articulated lever is no longer triggered by the rotational movement of a specially provided for this purpose on the pull rod spindle.
  • a vertical, exclusively linear, preferably upward movement of the drawbar according to the invention can be generated by a firmly fixed to the pull rod attack surface by means of a lever or fixed to the pull rod coupling region is moved linearly by means of a pull chain in a vertical direction.
  • the invention it is thus no longer necessary to convert the rotational movement of a spindle into a linear movement of the drawbar, since the actuation force applied to the drawbar according to the invention acts linearly over the contact surface or the coupling region in the direction in which the drawbar is ultimately to be moved. Furthermore, according to the invention, it is also not necessary to provide a contact surface or coupling region in the upper end region of a corner formwork element, as was the case with the spindles hitherto used according to the prior art. Rather, the engagement surface and / or the coupling region can also be attached to a lower region of the tension rod. In particular, the attack surface can be mounted so far down that a person standing on the ground can easily operate a lever attached to the attack surface.
  • the coupling region can be arranged in such a height of the pull rod, that a pull chain or a Krangeitati also hooked from a person standing on the ground comfortably on the coupling region can be. Neither for this suspension nor for the operation of the lever, it is therefore necessary to climb on the inner shaft formwork, so that the previously known in the prior art danger of falling is completely avoided. In addition, a reduction in effort is achieved by the saving of the climbing process and the no longer necessary attachment of a spindle, which leads to significant economic advantages.
  • a customary internal shaft formwork has four corner formwork elements which according to the invention can each be equipped with a coupling region for a draw chain in the region of their respective drawbar.
  • the coupling areas of the four tie rods are usually each at the same height. Since a total of four such coupling areas in all four corners of an inner shaft formwork are provided at the same height and the distances of all coupling areas to the center or to the central longitudinal axis of the inner shaft shuttering are equal to each other, can for raising the switched-off inner shaft formwork in an advantageous manner, a standard suspension of a crane mutually equal chain sections are used, which requires a further inventive advantage. In contrast, this is not always the case with inner shaft formwork known from the state of the art, since there is often a crane hook spaced from the corner areas.
  • the detachment of the inner shaft formwork of the concrete walls can be accomplished solely by means of the said lever without the use of a crane, wherein after the complete consummation process, the further movement of the elements of the inner shaft shuttering inwardly and the lifting of the inner shaft shuttering reduced in size in this way can be done exclusively by means of a crane.
  • the attack surface for the lever is advantageously provided below the coupling region for the pull chain.
  • a particularly good operability of the lever is achieved when the attack surface is provided at about knee height of a person operating the lever and a comfortable hanging a pull chain in the coupling region is possible when the coupling region is approximately at chest level of a person handling the draw chain located.
  • the attack surface for the lever less than 1 m and / or the coupling region for the pull chain less than 2 m, in particular approximately 1.5 m from the lower end of the Eckschalungselements spaced.
  • the corner formwork element according to the invention and the two other formwork elements connected to it can be coupled to one another with a vertical movement of the drawbar first an obliquely to the respective formwork skin and substantially horizontally directed movement of the two other formwork elements and then at least substantially parallel to the respective formwork directed relative movement between the Eckschalungselement and the two can be triggered further formwork elements.
  • the first, obliquely directed to the respective formwork facing movement is preferably accomplished with said lever and all other movements with said pull chain.
  • the obliquely directed to the formwork facing movement can be done over a relatively small stroke and causes only the release of the formwork from the concrete wall.
  • the formwork peeled from the concrete wall can have a spacing of approximately 5 to 10 mm, in particular approximately 7 mm, to the latter.
  • the movement which is parallel to the formwork facing, takes place over a larger stroke and causes the individual elements of the stripping device according to the invention to move away from the concrete wall substantially perpendicularly.
  • the distance between the formwork skin and the concrete wall after this movement may be, for example, about 2.5 to 4 cm, in particular about 3.5 cm.
  • the formwork skin is moved only over a small distance obliquely to the concrete wall and then perpendicular to the concrete wall, with the result that in the formwork nails introduced during Ausschalvorgang are pulled out of it substantially straight, so that the formwork is damaged by the Ausschalvorgang only in a very small way.
  • completely oblique pulling out the nails or movement of the formwork along the concrete wall at the beginning of the detachment process results in a much larger damage to the formwork.
  • the described relative movements between the corner formwork element and the two further formwork elements can be defined by at least one guide slot, which preferably has two gate sections extending essentially at an angle to one another.
  • the shorter gate section is thus responsible for the explained obliquely directed to the facing skin movement, whereas the longer gate section controls the substantially vertically directed to the formwork facing movement of the formwork elements.
  • a possible embodiment of said guide slot will be explained in more detail in the description of the figures.
  • the corner formwork element according to the invention can have a base region and two coupling strips which are movable relative thereto and which can each be coupled rigidly to a further formwork element.
  • the edge regions of the base region facing the two coupling strips can each have a metallic angle profile extending over the height of the base region, which has a receiving region for each area of one of the coupling strips and an edge region of a further formwork element coupled therewith between the angles. While an angle leg of such an angle profile forms an area of the formwork skin of the corner formwork element, the other angle leg serves to rigidly fix the angle profile to the base area of the corner formwork element.
  • this coupling strip In the context of an obliquely directed to the formwork peeling movement of the two other formwork elements of a concrete wall of this formwork element associated coupling strip must move away together with the respective formwork element only by such a distance from the concrete wall, which corresponds to the thickness of that angle leg, a formwork skin section forms. Subsequently, this coupling strip can then be moved together with a portion of the respective shuttering element in the receiving area between the two angle legs, said movement can be made parallel to the formwork skin of the other formwork element.
  • the formation of the Eckschalungselements with a base region and two coupling strips caused in an advantageous manner that all relatively movable parts are in Eckschalungselement so that such corner formwork elements or their coupling strips can be connected in the usual way with conventional other formwork elements.
  • a provision of special additional formwork elements is thus not required, which increases the economy of the invention.
  • the Eckschalungselement having a metal frame may have an outer shell surface, which is planked at least over an area ratio of 80% with a wooden shell skin. This requires advantageously that nails can be introduced into a large part of the surface area of the shell surface of a corner formwork element, as is necessary, for example, for fastening Halfen rails.
  • the pull rod according to the invention may be formed as a draw tube, wherein the pull tubes of two superposed Eckschalungs instituten can be interconnected.
  • two or more stripping devices according to the invention may be stacked on top of one another and interconnected, so that they ultimately behave like a single stripping device, which then can easily have a total height of approximately 8 m.
  • an actuation of the drawbar of the lowermost corner formwork element via the contact surface according to the invention and / or the coupling region according to the invention can effect a movement of all coupled drawbars of the stacked corner formwork elements, so that, for example, two or three stripping devices stacked one above the other are simultaneously switched off can.
  • the invention comprises not only the stripping device explained above, but also a complete inner shaft formwork, in which four corner formwork elements are provided, wherein at least one further formwork element is arranged in each case between two adjacent corner formwork elements.
  • All Eckschalungs comprise and other formwork elements are connected together in the manner according to the invention, in particular, each of the four Eckschalungs comprise each have a pull rod with attack surface and / or coupling region.
  • an internal shaft formwork is not to be completely realized according to the invention, it is naturally also sufficient to use only one individual corner formwork element according to the invention and to use fixed or conventional corner formwork elements at the remaining corners of the internal shaft formwork. In this case, the individual formwork elements are then turned off in succession, after the drawbar of a corner formwork element according to the invention has been actuated.
  • 1 is a plan view of a shaft formwork according to the invention, 1 shows four different positions of a corner formwork element of the internal shaft formwork according to FIGS. 1 and 2, resulting during the stripping process;
  • FIG. 4b is a plan view of the top of Eckschalungselements according to FIG. 4a,
  • Fig. 5b is a plan view of the top of Eckschalungselements according to FIG. 5a.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a shaft formwork 10 according to the invention, which consists of an inner shaft formwork 12 and an outer shaft formwork 14.
  • Inner shaft formwork 12 and outer shaft formwork 14 are connected to one another by means of a plurality of formwork anchors 16.
  • the shaft formwork 10 has a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the inner shaft formwork 12 and the outer shaft formwork 14 are each composed of a plurality of Eckschalungs instituten and several other, extending along a plane formwork elements.
  • the inside shaft shaft essential for the purposes of the invention Formwork 12 consists of a total of four Eckschalungs instituten 18, to which on both sides each further, along a plane extending shuttering elements 20 adjacent. Adjacent formwork elements 18, 20 are interconnected by means of suitable coupling devices 22.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the left lower corner region of FIG
  • the inner shaft formwork 12 in this corner region consists of a corner formwork element 18, which is connected at its two end regions remote from each other to a further formwork element 20.
  • the corner formwork element 18 has two mutually perpendicular extending scarf surfaces 26, which are continued in each case by the scarf surfaces 28 of the two further formwork elements 20.
  • the Eckschalungselement 18 has in the region in which its two legs adjacent to each other, a pull rod 30 which extends in the vertical direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2 substantially over the entire height of the Eckschalungselements 18 therethrough.
  • the drawbar 30 is provided in accordance with the invention with an attack surface to be explained for a lever and a coupling region 32 for a pull chain.
  • the Eckschalungselement 18 with the two other formwork elements 20 is not rigid, but connected in a movable manner, which will be explained below in connection with FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • FIG. 3a to d show in plan view below to be described elements through which the Eckschalungselement 18 is connected to the two other formwork elements 20, these elements distributed over the height of Eckschalungselement 18 and other formwork elements 20 are multiple.
  • FIG. 4a shows four height ranges In to l, at which the elements shown in FIG. 3a are respectively located.
  • FIG. 3 a shows the corner formwork element 18 and the two further formwork elements 20 in their switched-on position, that is to say in that position in which an inner shaft formwork 12 has its maximum circumference and adheres to the hardened concrete 34.
  • the Eckschalungselement 18 has a base portion 19 and two relatively movable coupling strip 21.
  • the two coupling strips 21 are each connected via coupling devices 22 rigidly connected to a further formwork element 20.
  • the base portions 19 have in their coupling strips 21 facing end portions each have a metallic angle section 36, 38, of which an angle leg 36 forms part of the formwork skin of the Eckschalungselements 18.
  • the other angle leg 38 extends perpendicular to the formwork skin and serves to fasten the angle profile 36, 38 to the base region 19 of the corner formwork element 18.
  • the two coupling strips 21 are each provided in their respective end sections facing the angle legs 36 with a metallic oblique surface 40 which, like the angle sections 36, 38, extends over the entire height of the formwork elements 18, 20.
  • the inclined surface 40 In this case, in the switched-on position according to FIG. 3 a, it reaches as far as the hardened concrete 34 and thus directly adjoins the angle legs 36 in this position.
  • the corner formwork element 18 is planked over a large part of its formwork surface 26 with a nailable formwork skin 42, in particular made of wood or plastic.
  • the guide plates 46 have in the region of the drawbar 30 each have a slot 48 through which the pull rod 30 extends.
  • the elongated holes 48 are formed so that they allow a horizontal, taking place in the plane of relative movement of the guide plates 46 against the pull rod 30 and thus the coupling strip 21 relative to the base portion 19.
  • each of the two guide plates 46 shown in FIG. 3a has a guide slot, which consists of two slide sections 50, 52 in each case.
  • the two link sections 50, 52 extend at an angle to each other, wherein the angle between the two gate sections 50, 52 is approximately 45 °.
  • the longer link section 50 extends parallel to the formwork 28 of that other formwork element 20 which is connected to that coupling strip 21, in whose réellesla- see 46, the link 50, 52 is formed.
  • the shorter scenery section 52 extends from the pull rod 30 facing the end of the longer link section 50 obliquely away from the formwork 28 away.
  • a circular cross-section guide pin 54 is received, which in turn is fixedly connected to the base portion 19 of the Eckschalungselements 18.
  • the further formwork elements move 20 to the base portion 19 of the Eckschalungselements 18, wherein their movement is controlled by the guide slots 50, 52 and the guide pin 54.
  • the two further formwork elements 20 move with the coupling strip 21 in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 3a, wherein the guide slot 50, 52 so displaced relative to the guide pin 54, that the guide pin 54 comes to rest in that area in which the shorter link section 52 adjoins the longer link section 50. This position is shown in Fig. 3b.
  • the inclined surface 40 of the coupling strip 21 slides along the end face of the angle leg 36.
  • the shell surfaces 28 of the two other formwork elements 20 have overcome overcome the existing adhesive forces of the cured concrete 34, so that between the cured concrete 34 and the Schal lake 28 is a small distance. This distance is at least as great as the thickness of the angle Schenkeis 36. If this process takes place at all four corners at the same time or in succession, the shuttering surface 26 also separates from the hardened concrete 34 in some corner formwork elements.
  • FIG. 3d shows not only a distance between the shell surfaces 28 of the further formwork elements 20 and the hardened concrete 34, but also a distance between the formwork skin 26 of the corner formwork element 18 and the hardened concrete 34.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b shows an interior view of the corner formwork element 18 according to FIGS. 1 to 3, which is coupled on both sides with further formwork elements 20 in the manner described.
  • Fig. 4b shows a plan view of this arrangement, but without the two other formwork elements 20. Corner formwork element 18 and other formwork elements 20 are shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b in its on state, which corresponds to the position shown in FIG. 3a.
  • Fig. 4a it can be seen that the tie rod 30 is connected via a total of eight hinge lever 56 with mounting straps 58 of the coupling strip 21, wherein the coupling strip 21 in turn are rigidly coupled to the other formwork elements 20.
  • the articulated levers 56 are articulated to both the drawbar 30 and the mounting brackets 58.
  • an extension 31 via which the pull rod 30 can be coupled to the lower end of the pull rod of another corner formwork element, which can be placed on the Eckschalungselement 18.
  • the pull rod In the area of the height h2, the pull rod is provided with the coupling region 32 into which a pull chain or a crane hook can be suspended. Slightly below the height h the pull rod 30 is guided in a sleeve 60, which has a total of four recesses 62, in each of which an unillustrated lever can be inserted.
  • the drawbar itself also has in the region of the sleeve 60 a recess 64, which forms a contact surface for the lever and is largely concealed in FIG. 4a by the sleeve 60.
  • the sleeve 60 is sized so large that there is a sufficiently large distance between its recesses 62 and the recess 64 in the pull rod 30 so that a lever inserted through a recess 62 in the recess 64 by a downward pressing the lever, the pull rod 30th can lift vertically upwards.
  • a lifting movement usually takes place several times, with different recesses 62 of the sleeve 60 being used here in each case.
  • the pull rod 30 is lifted by means of the lever until the position according to FIG. 3d is reached.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b correspond to FIGS. 4a and 4b, wherein according to FIGS. 5a and 5b the switched-off position according to FIG. 3d has already been reached.
  • Fig. 5a it can be seen that the hinge lever 56 are also pulled by the upward movement of the pull rod 30 upwards and thereby pull the two coupling strip 21 with its other formwork elements 20 in the direction of the pull rod, so that the pivot lever 56 ultimately the in Fig. 5a assume oblique position shown.
  • the recess 64 is shown in FIG. 5a now in the region between the two upper recesses 62 of the sleeve 60, whereas in Fig. 4a, it was still in the region of the two lower recesses 62 of the sleeve 60.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a formwork-stripping device with a corner formwork element (18) which can be connected on both sides to in each case a further formwork element (20), wherein a vertically movable pull rod (30) is provided in the corner formwork element for moving the further formwork elements relative to the corner formwork element. The pull rod has an engagement surface, which can be moved together with it, for a lever and/or a coupling region (32), which can be moved together with it, for a pull chain.

Description

AUSSCHALVORRICHTUNG Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ausschalvorrichtung mit einem Eckschalungselement, welches beidseitig mit jeweils einem weiteren Schalungselement verbindbar ist, wobei im Eckschalungselement eine vertikal bewegliche Zugstange gelagert ist, welche über mehrere Gelenkhebel derart mit den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen koppelbar ist, dass diese beiden weiteren Schalungselemente durch eine Vertikalbewegung der Zugstange relativ zum Eckschalungselement bewegbar sind.  The invention relates to a Ausschalvorrichtung with a Eckschalungselement, which is connectable on both sides with a further formwork element, wherein in the corner formwork a vertically movable drawbar is mounted, which is coupled via a plurality of hinge lever in such a way with the two other formwork elements, that these two further formwork elements by a Vertical movement of the drawbar relative to the corner formwork element are movable.
Derartige Ausschalvorrichtungen sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und werden insbesondere bei Schachtschalungen eingesetzt, die beispielsweise dazu verwendet werden können, Aufzugschächte aus Beton herzustellen. Solche Schachtschalungen bestehen aus einer Au- ßenschachtschalung und einer Innenschachtschalung, welche zwischen sich ein Volumen einschließen, das mit Beton aufgefüllt wird. Während die Außenschachtschalung auf einfache Weise vom ausgehärteten Beton durch eine nach außen erfolgende Bewegung gelöst werden kann, ist das Ablösen der Innenschachtschalung vom ausgehärteten Beton komplizierter. Hierbei müssen nämlich verschiedene Abschnitte der Innenschachtschalung gleichzeitig oder nacheinander nach innen aufeinander zu bewegt werden, um so die Innenschachtschalung in ihrem Umfang zu ver- kleinern und dadurch ein Ablösen derselben vom ausgehärteten Beton zu ermöglichen. Eine auf diese Weise gelöste Innenschachtschalung kann dann mittels eines Krangehänges aus einem fertig betonierten, oben offenen Schacht herausgezogen werden. Wie vorstehend bereits erwähnt, existieren Innenschachtschalungen mit Eckschalungselementen, bei denen eine vertikal bewegliche Zugstange Gelenkhebel betätigt, welche dazu dienen, einzelne Abschnitte einer Innenschachtschalung nach innen zu bewegen. Such stripping devices are known from the prior art and are used in particular in shaft formwork, which can be used for example to produce elevator shafts made of concrete. Such shaft formworks consist of an external shaft formwork and an internal shaft formwork, which enclose between them a volume which is filled up with concrete. While the outer shaft formwork can be easily released from the hardened concrete by an outward movement, the detachment of the inner shaft formwork from the hardened concrete is more complicated. In this case, different sections of the internal shaft formwork have to be moved toward one another simultaneously or one after the other in order to reduce the size of the internal shaft formwork and thereby enable it to detach from the hardened concrete. An inner shaft formwork loosened in this way can then be pulled out of a completely concreted, open-top shaft by means of a crane handrail. As already mentioned above, there are internal shaft formwork with corner formwork elements, in which a vertically movable drawbar actuates articulated levers which serve to move individual sections of an inner shaft formwork inwards.
Nachteilig an diesen Ausschalvorrichtungen ist die Tatsache, dass eine Vertikalbewegung der Zugstange nur über die drehende Bewegung einer Spindel ausgelöst werden kann, wobei der Angriffspunkt für die Spindel regelmäßig im oberen Endbereich eines Eckschalungselements liegt. Dies bedingt auf wirtschaftlich nachteilige Weise, dass die Spindel als separa- tes Teil vorgehalten, montiert und demontiert werden muss. Zudem ist von Nachteil, dass eine die Spindel montierende und betätigende Person zuerst auf die Innenschachtschalung klettern muss, was einerseits wiederum mit Aufwand verbunden ist und andererseits eine Absturzgefahr bedingt. Besonders zum Tragen kommt dieser Nachteil dann, wenn mehrere, beispielsweise drei übereinander angeordnete Schachtschalungen miteinander gekoppelt sind, da in diesem Fall die Spindel nur am oberen Endbereich der obersten Schalung betätigt werden kann, was dann natürlich Aufwand und Gefahr zusätzlich erhöht. Eine der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht darin, eine Ausschalvorrichtung derart weiterzubilden, dass sie mit möglichst geringem Aufwand und möglichst gefahrlos vom ausgehärteten Beton gelöst werden kann. Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Ausschalvorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Insbesondere wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Zugstange zur Auslösung einer Vertikalbewegung derselben eine gemeinsam mit der Zugstange vertikal und linear bewegliche Angriffsfläche für einen Hebel und /oder einen gemeinsam mit der Zugstange vertikal und linear beweglichen Koppelbereich für eine Zugkette aufweist. Erfindungsgemäß wird also die Bewegung der Zugstange und der damit verbundenen Gelenkhebel nicht mehr durch die Drehbewegung einer eigens zu diesem Zweck an der Zugstange vorgesehenen Spindel ausgelöst. Vielmehr ist eine vertikale, ausschließlich linear, bevorzugt nach oben erfolgende Bewegung der Zugstange erfindungsgemäß dadurch erzeugbar, dass eine an der Zugstange fest vorgesehene Angriffsfläche mittels eines Hebels oder ein an der Zugstange fest angebrachter Koppelbereich mittels einer Zugkette in einer vertikalen Richtung linear bewegt wird. Indem also die Zugstange von vorneherein mit der genannten Angriffsfläche und /oder mit dem genannten Koppelbereich ausgestattet wird, erübrigt sich die beim Stand der Technik nötige Vorsehung einer Spindel am oberen Endbereich des Eckschalungselements. Erfindungsgemäß ist es somit auch nicht mehr nötig, die Drehbewegung einer Spindel in eine Linearbewegung der Zugstange umzusetzen, da bereits die auf die erfindungsgemäße Zugstange aufgebrachte Betätigungskraft über die Angriffsfläche oder den Koppelbereich linear in diejenige Richtung wirkt, in die die Zugstange letztlich bewegt werden soll. Weiterhin ist es erfindungsgemäß auch nicht nötig, Angriffsfläche oder Koppelbereich im oberen Endbereich eines Eckschalungselements vorzusehen, so wie dies bei den bisher gemäß Stand der Technik verwendeten Spindeln der Fall war. Vielmehr können die Angriffsfläche und/ oder der Koppelbereich auch an einem weiter unten liegenden Bereich der Zug- Stange angebracht werden. Insbesondere kann die Angriffsfläche so weit unten angebracht werden, dass eine am Boden stehende Person einen an der Angriffsfläche angesetzten Hebel bequem betätigen kann. Entsprechend kann der Koppelbereich in einer solchen Höhe der Zugstange angeordnet werden, dass eine Zugkette bzw. ein Krangehänge ebenfalls von einer am Boden stehenden Person bequem am Koppelbereich eingehängt werden kann. Weder für dieses Einhängen noch für das Betätigen des Hebels ist es somit nötig, auf die Innenschachtschalung zu klettern, so dass die beim Stand der Technik bisher gegebene Absturzgefahr vollständig vermieden wird. Zudem wird durch die Einsparung des Klettervor- gangs und das nicht mehr nötige Anbringen einer Spindel eine Aufwandsreduzierung erreicht, die zu erheblichen wirtschaftlichen Vorteilen führt. A disadvantage of these Ausschalvorrichtungen is the fact that a vertical movement of the drawbar can be triggered only on the rotating movement of a spindle, the point of application for the spindle is regularly in the upper end of a Eckschalungselements. This requires an economically disadvantageous manner that the spindle must be kept as a separate part, assembled and disassembled. In addition, it is disadvantageous that a person installing and operating the spindle first has to climb onto the inner shaft formwork, which, on the one hand, is again associated with expenditure and, on the other hand, causes a risk of falling. This disadvantage is particularly useful when several, for example, three stacked shaft formwork are coupled together, since in this case the spindle can only be operated at the upper end of the uppermost formwork, which of course increases effort and risk. An object underlying the invention is to develop a stripping device such that it can be solved with the least possible effort and as safely as possible from the hardened concrete. This object is achieved by a stripping device according to claim 1. In particular, the object is achieved in that the pull rod for triggering a vertical movement of the same has a vertically and linearly movable together with the pull rod attack surface for a lever and / or a jointly with the pull rod vertically and linearly movable coupling region for a pull chain. According to the invention, therefore, the movement of the drawbar and the associated articulated lever is no longer triggered by the rotational movement of a specially provided for this purpose on the pull rod spindle. Rather, a vertical, exclusively linear, preferably upward movement of the drawbar according to the invention can be generated by a firmly fixed to the pull rod attack surface by means of a lever or fixed to the pull rod coupling region is moved linearly by means of a pull chain in a vertical direction. Thus, by providing the drawbar from the outset with said engagement surface and / or with said coupling region, the provision of a spindle, which is necessary in the prior art, is unnecessary at the upper end region of the corner formwork element. According to the invention, it is thus no longer necessary to convert the rotational movement of a spindle into a linear movement of the drawbar, since the actuation force applied to the drawbar according to the invention acts linearly over the contact surface or the coupling region in the direction in which the drawbar is ultimately to be moved. Furthermore, according to the invention, it is also not necessary to provide a contact surface or coupling region in the upper end region of a corner formwork element, as was the case with the spindles hitherto used according to the prior art. Rather, the engagement surface and / or the coupling region can also be attached to a lower region of the tension rod. In particular, the attack surface can be mounted so far down that a person standing on the ground can easily operate a lever attached to the attack surface. Accordingly, the coupling region can be arranged in such a height of the pull rod, that a pull chain or a Krangehänge also hooked from a person standing on the ground comfortably on the coupling region can be. Neither for this suspension nor for the operation of the lever, it is therefore necessary to climb on the inner shaft formwork, so that the previously known in the prior art danger of falling is completely avoided. In addition, a reduction in effort is achieved by the saving of the climbing process and the no longer necessary attachment of a spindle, which leads to significant economic advantages.
Eine übliche Innenschachtschalung weist vier Eckschalungselemente auf, die erfindungsgemäß jeweils mit einem Koppelbereich für eine Zugkette im Bereich ihrer jeweiligen Zugstange ausgestattet werden können. Die Koppelbereiche der vier Zugstangen befinden sich dabei jeweils in der Regel auf gleicher Höhe. Da folglich insgesamt vier solche Koppelbereiche in allen vier Eckbereichen einer Innenschachtschalung auf gleicher Höhe vorgesehen sind und die Abstände aller Koppelbereiche zum Mittelpunkt bzw. zur Mittellängsachse der Innenschachtschalung untereinander gleich groß sind, kann zum Anheben der ausgeschalten Innenschachtschalung auf vorteilhafte Weise ein Standardgehänge eines Krans mit vier untereinander gleich langen Kettenabschnitten verwendet werden, was einen weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Vorteil bedingt. Dies ist hingegen bei aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Innenschachtschalungen nicht immer der Fall, da dort oftmals ein Krangehänge beabstandet zu den Eckbereichen angebracht wird. A customary internal shaft formwork has four corner formwork elements which according to the invention can each be equipped with a coupling region for a draw chain in the region of their respective drawbar. The coupling areas of the four tie rods are usually each at the same height. Since a total of four such coupling areas in all four corners of an inner shaft formwork are provided at the same height and the distances of all coupling areas to the center or to the central longitudinal axis of the inner shaft shuttering are equal to each other, can for raising the switched-off inner shaft formwork in an advantageous manner, a standard suspension of a crane mutually equal chain sections are used, which requires a further inventive advantage. In contrast, this is not always the case with inner shaft formwork known from the state of the art, since there is often a crane hook spaced from the corner areas.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn an jeder Zugstange sowohl eine Angriffsfläche für einen Hebel als auch ein Koppelbereich für eine Zugkette vorgesehen werden. In diesem Fall kann das Lösen einer Innenschachtschalung von einer betonierten Wand mit einer vergleichsweise großen Hebelkraft bewirkt werden, die in jedem Fall ausreicht, um die hohen Haftkräfte zu überwinden, die nach dem Betonieren zwischen der betonierten Wand und der Schalhaut einer Innenschachtschalung existieren. Nach diesem Ablöse- Vorgang kann dann die weitere, nach innen gerichtete Bewegung der einzelnen Elemente der Innenschachtschalung mittels eines Krangehänges bewirkt werden, welches an den Koppelbereichen der Zugstangen angebracht wird. Für diese weitere Bewegung wird dann der genannte Hebel nicht mehr benötigt. It is advantageous if both an attack surface for a lever and a coupling region for a pull chain are provided on each pull rod. In this case, the release of an internal shaft formwork from a concrete wall can be effected with a comparatively large lever force, which in any case is sufficient to overcome the high adhesive forces which exist after concreting between the concrete wall and the lining of an internal shaft formwork. After this transfer Operation can then be effected by means of a Krangehänges the further, inwardly directed movement of the individual elements of the inner shaft formwork, which is attached to the coupling regions of the tie rods. For this further movement then the said lever is no longer needed.
So lässt sich das Ablösen der Innenschachtschalung von den betonierten Wänden allein mittels des genannten Hebels ohne den Einsatz eines Krans bewerkstelligen, wobei nach dem vollständig vollzogenen Ablöseprozess die weitere Bewegung der Elemente der Innenschachtschalung nach innen und das Anheben der auf diese Weise in ihrem Umfang verkleinerten Innenschachtschalung ausschließlich mittels eines Krans erfolgen kann.  Thus, the detachment of the inner shaft formwork of the concrete walls can be accomplished solely by means of the said lever without the use of a crane, wherein after the complete consummation process, the further movement of the elements of the inner shaft shuttering inwardly and the lifting of the inner shaft shuttering reduced in size in this way can be done exclusively by means of a crane.
Die Angriffsfläche für den Hebel wird vorteilhafterweise unterhalb des Koppelbereichs für die Zugkette vorgesehen. Eine besonders gute Bedien- barkeit des Hebels wird dann erreicht, wenn die Angriffsfläche ungefähr auf Kniehöhe einer den Hebel betätigenden Person vorgesehen ist und ein bequemes Einhängen einer Zugkette in den Koppelbereich ist dann möglich, wenn sich der Koppelbereich ungefähr auf Brusthöhe einer die Zugkette handhabenden Person befindet. Bevorzugt sind die Angriffsfläche für den Hebel weniger als 1 m und/oder der Koppelbereich für die Zugkette weniger als 2 m, insbesondere ungefähr 1,5 m vom unteren Ende des Eckschalungselements beabstandet. The attack surface for the lever is advantageously provided below the coupling region for the pull chain. A particularly good operability of the lever is achieved when the attack surface is provided at about knee height of a person operating the lever and a comfortable hanging a pull chain in the coupling region is possible when the coupling region is approximately at chest level of a person handling the draw chain located. Preferably, the attack surface for the lever less than 1 m and / or the coupling region for the pull chain less than 2 m, in particular approximately 1.5 m from the lower end of the Eckschalungselements spaced.
Das erfindungsgemäße Eckschalungselement und die beiden weiteren, mit ihm verbundenen Schalungselemente können derart miteinander gekoppelt sein, dass mit einer Vertikalbewegung der Zugstange zuerst eine schräg zur jeweiligen Schalhaut und im Wesentlichen horizontal gerichtete Bewegung der beiden weiteren Schalungselemente und anschließend eine zumindest im Wesentlichen parallel zur jeweiligen Schalhaut gerichtete Relativbewegung zwischen dem Eckschalungselement und den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen auslösbar ist. Dabei werden die erste, schräg zur jeweiligen Schalhaut gerichtete Bewegung bevorzugt mit dem genannten Hebel und alle weiteren Bewegungen mit der genannten Zugkette bewerkstelligt. Die schräg zur Schalhaut gerichtete Bewegung kann über einen vergleichsweise geringen Hub erfolgen und bewirkt lediglich das Lösen der Schalhaut von der betonierten Wand. Nach dieser kurzen, schräg gerichteten Bewegung kann die von der betonierten Wand gelöste Schalhaut einen Abstand von ungefähr 5 bis 10 mm, insbesondere ungefähr 7 mm zu dieser haben. Die parallel zur Schalhaut gerichtete Bewe- gung erfolgt über einen größeren Hub und bewirkt, dass sich die einzelnen Elemente der erfindungsgemäßen Ausschalvorrichtung im Wesentlichen senkrecht von der betonierten Wand wegbewegen. Der Abstand zwischen Schalhaut und betonierter Wand nach dieser Bewegung kann beispielsweise ungefähr 2,5 bis 4 cm, insbesondere ungefähr 3,5 cm betragen. Vorteilhaft ist folglich, dass die Schalhaut nur über eine kleine Wegstrecke schräg zur betonierten Wand und anschließend senkrecht zur betonierten Wand bewegt wird, was zur Folge hat, dass in die Schalhaut eingebrachte Nägel beim Ausschalvorgang im Wesentlichen gerade aus dieser herausgezogen werden, so dass die Schalhaut durch den Ausschalvorgang nur in ganz geringer Weise beschädigt wird. Bei einem beim Stand der Technik oftmals vorkommenden vollständig schräg erfolgenden Herausziehen der Nägel oder bei einer Bewegung der Schalhaut entlang der betonierten Wand zu Beginn des Ablösevorgangs ergibt sich eine wesentlich größere Beschädigung der Schalhaut. The corner formwork element according to the invention and the two other formwork elements connected to it can be coupled to one another with a vertical movement of the drawbar first an obliquely to the respective formwork skin and substantially horizontally directed movement of the two other formwork elements and then at least substantially parallel to the respective formwork directed relative movement between the Eckschalungselement and the two can be triggered further formwork elements. In this case, the first, obliquely directed to the respective formwork facing movement is preferably accomplished with said lever and all other movements with said pull chain. The obliquely directed to the formwork facing movement can be done over a relatively small stroke and causes only the release of the formwork from the concrete wall. After this short, obliquely directed movement, the formwork peeled from the concrete wall can have a spacing of approximately 5 to 10 mm, in particular approximately 7 mm, to the latter. The movement, which is parallel to the formwork facing, takes place over a larger stroke and causes the individual elements of the stripping device according to the invention to move away from the concrete wall substantially perpendicularly. The distance between the formwork skin and the concrete wall after this movement may be, for example, about 2.5 to 4 cm, in particular about 3.5 cm. It is therefore advantageous that the formwork skin is moved only over a small distance obliquely to the concrete wall and then perpendicular to the concrete wall, with the result that in the formwork nails introduced during Ausschalvorgang are pulled out of it substantially straight, so that the formwork is damaged by the Ausschalvorgang only in a very small way. In a completely occurring in the prior art completely oblique pulling out the nails or movement of the formwork along the concrete wall at the beginning of the detachment process results in a much larger damage to the formwork.
Die beschriebenen Relativbewegungen zwischen dem Eckschalungselement und den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen können durch zumindest eine Führungskulisse definiert werden, welche bevorzugt zwei sich im Wesentlichen winklig zueinander erstreckende Kulissenabschnitte auf- weist. Dabei ist insbesondere ein parallel zur Schalhaut verlaufender Ku- lissenabschnitt länger als ein schräg zur Schalhaut verlaufender Kulissenabschnitt. Der kürzere Kulissenabschnitt ist somit für die erläuterte schräg zur Schalhaut gerichtete Bewegung zuständig, wohingegen der längere Kulissenabschnitt die im Wesentlichen vertikal zur Schalhaut gerichtete Bewegung der Schalungselemente steuert. Eine mögliche Ausführungsform der genannten Führungskulisse wird im Rahmen der Figurenbeschreibung noch näher erläutert. The described relative movements between the corner formwork element and the two further formwork elements can be defined by at least one guide slot, which preferably has two gate sections extending essentially at an angle to one another. In particular, a coaxial with the formwork Lissenabschnitt longer than an oblique to the formwork extending gate section. The shorter gate section is thus responsible for the explained obliquely directed to the facing skin movement, whereas the longer gate section controls the substantially vertically directed to the formwork facing movement of the formwork elements. A possible embodiment of said guide slot will be explained in more detail in the description of the figures.
Das erfindungsgemäße Eckschalungselement kann einen Basisbereich und zwei relativ dazu bewegliche Koppelstreifen aufweisen, welche jeweils starr mit einem weiteren Schalungselement koppelbar sind. Dabei können die den beiden Koppelstreifen zugewandten Kantenbereiche des Basisbereichs jeweils ein sich über die Höhe des Basisbereichs erstreckendes metallisches Winkelprofil aufweisen, welches zwischen den Winkelschen- kein einen Aufnahmebereich für jeweils einen Bereich eines der Koppelstreifen und einen Randbereich eines damit gekoppelten weiteren Schalungselements aufweist. Während ein Winkelschenkel eines solchen Winkelprofils einen Bereich der Schalhaut des Eckschalungselements bildet, dient der andere Winkelschenkel der starren Befestigung des Winkelprofils am Basisbereich des Eckschalungselements. Im Rahmen einer schräg zur Schalhaut gerichteten Ablösebewegung eines der beiden weiteren Schalungselemente von einer betonierten Wand muss sich der diesem Schalungselement zugeordnete Koppelstreifen gemeinsam mit dem jeweiligen Schalungselement nur um eine solche Strecke von der betonierten Wand wegbewegen, die der Dicke desjenigen Winkelschenkels entspricht, der einen Schalhautabschnitt bildet. Anschließend kann dieser Koppelstreifen gemeinsam mit einem Abschnitt des jeweiligen Schalungselements dann in den Aufnahmebereich zwischen den beiden Winkelschenkeln hineinbewegt werden, wobei diese Bewegung parallel zur Schalhaut des weiteren Schalungselements erfolgen kann. Die Ausbildung des Eckschalungselements mit einem Basisbereich und zwei Koppelstreifen bedingt auf vorteilhafte Weise, dass sich alle relativ zueinander beweglichen Teile im Eckschalungselement befinden, so dass solche Eckschalungselemente bzw. ihre Koppelstreifen auf übliche Weise mit herkömmlichen weiteren Schalungselementen verbunden werden können. Eine Bereitstellung von besonderen weiteren Schalungselementen ist somit nicht erforderlich, was die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Erfindung erhöht. Das einen Metallrahmen aufweisende Eckschalungselement kann eine außen liegende Schalfläche aufweisen, die zumindest über einen Flächenanteil von 80 % mit einer Holzschalhaut beplankt ist. Dies bedingt in vorteilhafter Weise, dass in einen Großteil des Flächenbereichs der Schalfläche eines Eckschalungselements Nägel eingebracht werden können, so wie dies beispielsweise zur Befestigung von Halfenschienen nötig ist. The corner formwork element according to the invention can have a base region and two coupling strips which are movable relative thereto and which can each be coupled rigidly to a further formwork element. In this case, the edge regions of the base region facing the two coupling strips can each have a metallic angle profile extending over the height of the base region, which has a receiving region for each area of one of the coupling strips and an edge region of a further formwork element coupled therewith between the angles. While an angle leg of such an angle profile forms an area of the formwork skin of the corner formwork element, the other angle leg serves to rigidly fix the angle profile to the base area of the corner formwork element. In the context of an obliquely directed to the formwork peeling movement of the two other formwork elements of a concrete wall of this formwork element associated coupling strip must move away together with the respective formwork element only by such a distance from the concrete wall, which corresponds to the thickness of that angle leg, a formwork skin section forms. Subsequently, this coupling strip can then be moved together with a portion of the respective shuttering element in the receiving area between the two angle legs, said movement can be made parallel to the formwork skin of the other formwork element. The formation of the Eckschalungselements with a base region and two coupling strips caused in an advantageous manner that all relatively movable parts are in Eckschalungselement so that such corner formwork elements or their coupling strips can be connected in the usual way with conventional other formwork elements. A provision of special additional formwork elements is thus not required, which increases the economy of the invention. The Eckschalungselement having a metal frame may have an outer shell surface, which is planked at least over an area ratio of 80% with a wooden shell skin. This requires advantageously that nails can be introduced into a large part of the surface area of the shell surface of a corner formwork element, as is necessary, for example, for fastening Halfen rails.
Die erfindungsgemäße Zugstange kann als Zugrohr ausgebildet sein, wobei die Zugrohre von zwei übereinander angeordneten Eckschalungselementen miteinander verbunden werden können. So wird es möglich, dass zwei oder mehr erfindungsgemäße Ausschalvorrichtungen übereinander gestapelt und miteinander verbunden werden, so dass sie sich letztlich wie eine einzige Ausschalvorrichtung verhalten, die dann insgesamt ohne weiteres ungefähr eine Höhe von 8 m aufweisen kann. Durch die Verbindung der Zugrohre kann eine über die erfindungsgemäße Angriffsfläche und/ oder den erfindungsgemäßen Koppelbereich erfolgende Betätigung der Zugstange des untersten Eckschalungselements eine Bewegung aller miteinander gekoppelter Zugstangen der übereinander gestapelten Eckschalungselemente bewirken, so dass beispielsweise zwei oder drei übereinander gestapelte Ausschalvorrichtungen gleichzeitig ausgeschalt wer- den können. Da ein Standardkrangehänge somit an den untersten Zug- Stangen eingehängt werden kann, ergeben sich in vorteilhafter Weise geringere erforderliche Kranhöhen als beim Einhängen eines Standardkrangehänges an den obersten Zugstangen. Die Erfindung umfasst nicht nur die vorstehend erläuterte Ausschalvorrichtung, sondern auch eine komplette Innenschachtschalung, bei der vier Eckschalungselemente vorgesehen sind, wobei jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Eckschalungselementen zumindest ein weiteres Schalungselement angeordnet ist. Sämtliche Eckschalungselemente und weitere Schalungselemente sind dabei in der erfindungsgemäßen Weise miteinander verbunden, insbesondere weist jedes der vier Eckschalungselemente jeweils eine Zugstange mit Angriffsfläche und/ oder Koppelbereich auf. Soll eine Innenschachtschalung nicht komplett erfindungsgemäß realisiert werden, ist es natürlich auch ausreichend, nur ein einzelnes erfindungs- gemäßes Eckschalungselement einzusetzen und an den übrigen Ecken der Innenschachtschalung feste bzw. herkömmliche Eckschalungselemente zu verwenden. In diesem Fall werden die einzelnen Schalelemente dann nacheinander ausgeschalt, nachdem die Zugstange des einen erfindungsgemäßen Eckschalungselements betätigt wurde. The pull rod according to the invention may be formed as a draw tube, wherein the pull tubes of two superposed Eckschalungselementen can be interconnected. Thus, it becomes possible for two or more stripping devices according to the invention to be stacked on top of one another and interconnected, so that they ultimately behave like a single stripping device, which then can easily have a total height of approximately 8 m. Through the connection of the draw pipes, an actuation of the drawbar of the lowermost corner formwork element via the contact surface according to the invention and / or the coupling region according to the invention can effect a movement of all coupled drawbars of the stacked corner formwork elements, so that, for example, two or three stripping devices stacked one above the other are simultaneously switched off can. Since a standard crane hanger is thus attached to the lowest Rods can be hung, resulting in advantageously lower required crane heights than when hanging a standard crane hanger on the upper tie rods. The invention comprises not only the stripping device explained above, but also a complete inner shaft formwork, in which four corner formwork elements are provided, wherein at least one further formwork element is arranged in each case between two adjacent corner formwork elements. All Eckschalungselemente and other formwork elements are connected together in the manner according to the invention, in particular, each of the four Eckschalungselemente each have a pull rod with attack surface and / or coupling region. If an internal shaft formwork is not to be completely realized according to the invention, it is naturally also sufficient to use only one individual corner formwork element according to the invention and to use fixed or conventional corner formwork elements at the remaining corners of the internal shaft formwork. In this case, the individual formwork elements are then turned off in succession, after the drawbar of a corner formwork element according to the invention has been actuated.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen erläutert. Further preferred embodiments are explained in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben; in diesen zeigen: The invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings; in these show:
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Schachtschalung, Fig. 2 eine Detailansicht eines Eckbereichs der Schachtschalung gemäß Fig. 1 , vier unterschiedliche, sich beim Ausschalvorgang ergebende Positionen eines Eckschalungselements der Innenschachtschalung gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2, 1 is a plan view of a shaft formwork according to the invention, 1 shows four different positions of a corner formwork element of the internal shaft formwork according to FIGS. 1 and 2, resulting during the stripping process;
Fig. 4a eine Ansicht auf die Innenseite einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausschalvorrichtung im eingeschalten Zustand, 4a is a view of the inside of a Ausschalvorrichtung invention in the on state,
Fig. 4b eine Draufsicht der Oberseite des Eckschalungselements gemäß Fig. 4a, 4b is a plan view of the top of Eckschalungselements according to FIG. 4a,
Fig. 5a eine Ansicht auf die Innenseite einer erfindungsgemä- ßen Ausschalvorrichtung im ausgeschalten Zustand, und 5a shows a view of the inside of an inventive stripping in the off state, and
Fig. 5b eine Draufsicht der Oberseite des Eckschalungselements gemäß Fig. 5a. Fig. 5b is a plan view of the top of Eckschalungselements according to FIG. 5a.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Schachtschalung 10, die aus einer Innenschachtschalung 12 sowie einer Außenschacht- schalung 14 besteht. Innenschachtschalung 12 und Außenschachtscha- lung 14 sind mittels mehrerer Schalungsanker 16 miteinander verbunden. 1 shows a plan view of a shaft formwork 10 according to the invention, which consists of an inner shaft formwork 12 and an outer shaft formwork 14. Inner shaft formwork 12 and outer shaft formwork 14 are connected to one another by means of a plurality of formwork anchors 16.
Die Schachtschalung 10 besitzt eine im Wesentlichen rechteckige Form, wobei die Innenschachtschalung 12 und die Außenschachtschalung 14 jeweils aus mehreren Eckschalungselementen und mehreren weiteren, sich entlang einer Ebene erstreckenden Schalungselementen zusammen- gesetzt sind. Die im Rahmen der Erfindung wesentliche Innenschacht- schalung 12 besteht aus insgesamt vier Eckschalungselementen 18, an welche beidseitig jeweils weitere, sich entlang einer Ebene erstreckende Schalungselemente 20 angrenzen. Aneinander angrenzende Schalungselemente 18, 20 sind mittels geeigneter Koppelvorrichtungen 22 miteinan- der verbunden. The shaft formwork 10 has a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the inner shaft formwork 12 and the outer shaft formwork 14 are each composed of a plurality of Eckschalungselementen and several other, extending along a plane formwork elements. The inside shaft shaft essential for the purposes of the invention Formwork 12 consists of a total of four Eckschalungselementen 18, to which on both sides each further, along a plane extending shuttering elements 20 adjacent. Adjacent formwork elements 18, 20 are interconnected by means of suitable coupling devices 22.
Die Innenschachtschalung 12 und die Außenschachtschalung 14 bilden zwischen sich einen Hohlraum 24 aus, der zur Aufnahme von flüssigem Beton dient. Nach dem Aushärten des Betons wird die Außenschachtscha- lung 14 durch Lösen der Koppelvorrichtungen 22 und Abnehmen der einzelnen Schalungselemente der Außenschachtschalung 14 vom ausgehärteten Beton gelöst. Das Lösen und Entfernen der Innenschachtschalung 12 ist Gegenstand vorliegender Erfindung und wird nachfolgend erläutert. Fig. 2 zeigt eine Detailansicht des linken unteren Eckbereichs der The inner shaft formwork 12 and the outer shaft formwork 14 form between them a cavity 24, which serves to receive liquid concrete. After hardening of the concrete, the outer shaft shell 14 is released from the hardened concrete by loosening the coupling devices 22 and removing the individual formwork elements of the outer shaft formwork 14. The release and removal of the inner shaft formwork 12 is the subject of the present invention and will be explained below. FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the left lower corner region of FIG
Schachtschalung 10 gemäß Fig. 1. Die Innenschachtschalung 12 in diesem Eckbereich besteht aus einem Eckschalungselement 18, welches an seinen beiden einander abgewandten Endbereichen jeweils mit einem weiteren Schalungselement 20 verbunden ist. Das Eckschalungselement 18 besitzt zwei sich senkrecht zueinander erstreckende Schalflächen 26, welche jeweils von den Schalflächen 28 der beiden weiteren Schalungselemente 20 fortgesetzt werden.  Shaft formwork 10 according to FIG. 1. The inner shaft formwork 12 in this corner region consists of a corner formwork element 18, which is connected at its two end regions remote from each other to a further formwork element 20. The corner formwork element 18 has two mutually perpendicular extending scarf surfaces 26, which are continued in each case by the scarf surfaces 28 of the two further formwork elements 20.
Das Eckschalungselement 18 weist in demjenigen Bereich, in dem seine beiden Schenkel aneinander angrenzen, eine Zugstange 30 auf, die sich in vertikaler Richtung senkrecht zur Zeichenebene der Fig. 2 im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Höhe des Eckschalungselements 18 durch dieses hindurch erstreckt. Die Zugstange 30 ist dabei in erfindungsgemäßer Weise mit einer noch zu erläuternden Angriffsfläche für einen Hebel und mit einem Koppelbereich 32 für eine Zugkette versehen. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Eckschalungselement 18 mit den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen 20 nicht starr, sondern in beweglicher Weise verbunden, was nachfolgend in Verbindung mit den Fig. 3 bis 5 erläutert wird. Die Fig. 3a bis d zeigen in Draufsicht nachstehend noch zu beschreibende Elemente, über die das Eckschalungselement 18 mit den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen 20 verbunden ist, wobei diese Elemente verteilt über die Höhe von Eckschalungselement 18 und weiteren Schalungselementen 20 mehrfach vorhanden sind. In Fig. 4a sind vier Höhenbereiche In bis l eingezeichnet, an denen sich die in Fig. 3a dargestellten Elemente jeweils befinden. The Eckschalungselement 18 has in the region in which its two legs adjacent to each other, a pull rod 30 which extends in the vertical direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2 substantially over the entire height of the Eckschalungselements 18 therethrough. The drawbar 30 is provided in accordance with the invention with an attack surface to be explained for a lever and a coupling region 32 for a pull chain. According to the invention is the Eckschalungselement 18 with the two other formwork elements 20 is not rigid, but connected in a movable manner, which will be explained below in connection with FIGS. 3 to 5. 3a to d show in plan view below to be described elements through which the Eckschalungselement 18 is connected to the two other formwork elements 20, these elements distributed over the height of Eckschalungselement 18 and other formwork elements 20 are multiple. FIG. 4a shows four height ranges In to l, at which the elements shown in FIG. 3a are respectively located.
Fig. 3a zeigt das Eckschalungselement 18 und die beiden weiteren Schalungselemente 20 in ihrer eingeschalten Position, also in derjenigen Posi- tion, in der eine Innenschachtschalung 12 ihren maximalen Umfang besitzt und am ausgehärteten Beton 34 anhaftet. FIG. 3 a shows the corner formwork element 18 and the two further formwork elements 20 in their switched-on position, that is to say in that position in which an inner shaft formwork 12 has its maximum circumference and adheres to the hardened concrete 34.
Das Eckschalungselement 18 weist einen Basisbereich 19 und zwei relativ dazu bewegliche Koppelstreifen 21 auf. Die beiden Koppelstreifen 21 sind jeweils über Koppelvorrichtungen 22 starr mit einem weiteren Schalungselement 20 verbunden. Die Basisbereiche 19 weisen in ihren den Koppelstreifen 21 zugewandten Endbereichen jeweils ein metallisches Winkelprofil 36, 38 auf, von dem ein Winkelschenkel 36 einen Teil der Schalhaut des Eckschalungselements 18 bildet. Der andere Winkelschenkel 38 er- streckt sich senkrecht zur Schalhaut und dient der Befestigung des Winkelprofils 36, 38 am Basisbereich 19 des Eckschalungselements 18. The Eckschalungselement 18 has a base portion 19 and two relatively movable coupling strip 21. The two coupling strips 21 are each connected via coupling devices 22 rigidly connected to a further formwork element 20. The base portions 19 have in their coupling strips 21 facing end portions each have a metallic angle section 36, 38, of which an angle leg 36 forms part of the formwork skin of the Eckschalungselements 18. The other angle leg 38 extends perpendicular to the formwork skin and serves to fasten the angle profile 36, 38 to the base region 19 of the corner formwork element 18.
Die beiden Koppelstreifen 21 sind in ihren jeweils den Winkelschenkeln 36 zugewandten Endbereichen jeweils mit einer metallischen Schrägfläche 40 ausgestattet, die sich ebenso wie die Winkelprofile 36, 38 über die gesam- te Höhe der Schalungselemente 18, 20 erstreckt. Die Schrägfläche 40 reicht dabei in der eingeschalten Position gemäß Fig. 3a bis an den ausgehärteten Beton 34 heran und grenzt damit in dieser Position direkt an die Winkelschenkel 36 an. Das Eckschalungselement 18 ist über einen Großteil seiner Schalfläche 26 mit einer nagelbaren Schalhaut 42, insbesondere aus Holz oder Kunststoff beplankt. Lediglich die durch die Winkelschenkel 36 und die Koppelstreifen 21 gebildete Schalfläche sowie ein metallisches Eckschutzprofil 44 sind nicht nagelbar, wodurch erreicht wird, dass in den ganz überwiegen- den Anteil der Schalfläche 26 des Eckschalungselements 18 Nägel eingetrieben werden können, um beispielsweise Halfenschienen zu befestigen. The two coupling strips 21 are each provided in their respective end sections facing the angle legs 36 with a metallic oblique surface 40 which, like the angle sections 36, 38, extends over the entire height of the formwork elements 18, 20. The inclined surface 40 In this case, in the switched-on position according to FIG. 3 a, it reaches as far as the hardened concrete 34 and thus directly adjoins the angle legs 36 in this position. The corner formwork element 18 is planked over a large part of its formwork surface 26 with a nailable formwork skin 42, in particular made of wood or plastic. Only the formwork surface formed by the angle legs 36 and the coupling strips 21 and a metallic corner protection profile 44 can not be nailed, whereby it is achieved that nails can be driven into the very predominant portion of the formwork surface 26 of the corner formwork element in order, for example, to fasten Halfen rails.
Von den mit den weiteren Schalungselementen 20 verbundenen Koppelstreifen 21 erstrecken sich in horizontaler Richtung jeweils Führungsla- sehen 46 in Richtung der Zugstange 30 des Basisbereichs 19. Die Führungslaschen 46 weisen dabei im Bereich der Zugstange 30 jeweils ein Langloch 48 auf, durch welches sich die Zugstange 30 erstreckt. Die Langlöcher 48 sind so ausgebildet, dass sie eine horizontale, in der Zeichenebene erfolgende Relativbewegung der Führungslaschen 46 gegen- über der Zugstange 30 und somit der Koppelstreifen 21 gegenüber dem Basisbereich 19 ermöglichen. Of the connected to the other formwork elements 20 coupling strip 21 extending in the horizontal direction each Führungsla- see 46 in the direction of the drawbar 30 of the base portion 19. The guide plates 46 have in the region of the drawbar 30 each have a slot 48 through which the pull rod 30 extends. The elongated holes 48 are formed so that they allow a horizontal, taking place in the plane of relative movement of the guide plates 46 against the pull rod 30 and thus the coupling strip 21 relative to the base portion 19.
Ferner weist jede der beiden in Fig. 3a dargestellten Führungslaschen 46 eine Führungskulisse auf, die aus jeweils zwei Kulissenabschnitten 50, 52 besteht. Die beiden Kulissenabschnitte 50, 52 erstrecken sich winklig zueinander, wobei der Winkel zwischen beiden Kulissenabschnitten 50, 52 ungefähr 45° beträgt. Der längere Kulissenabschnitt 50 erstreckt sich parallel zur Schalhaut 28 desjenigen weiteren Schalungselements 20, das mit demjenigen Koppelstreifen 21 verbunden ist, in dessen Führungsla- sehe 46 die Kulisse 50, 52 ausgebildet ist. Der kürzere Kulissenabschnitt 52 erstreckt sich ausgehend von dem der Zugstange 30 zugewandten Ende des längeren Kulissenabschnitts 50 schräg von der Schalhaut 28 weg. In der Führungskulisse 50, 52 ist ein im Querschnitt kreisförmiger Führungsbolzen 54 aufgenommen, welcher seinerseits fest mit dem Basisbe- reich 19 des Eckschalungselements 18 verbunden ist. Furthermore, each of the two guide plates 46 shown in FIG. 3a has a guide slot, which consists of two slide sections 50, 52 in each case. The two link sections 50, 52 extend at an angle to each other, wherein the angle between the two gate sections 50, 52 is approximately 45 °. The longer link section 50 extends parallel to the formwork 28 of that other formwork element 20 which is connected to that coupling strip 21, in whose Führungsla- see 46, the link 50, 52 is formed. The shorter scenery section 52 extends from the pull rod 30 facing the end of the longer link section 50 obliquely away from the formwork 28 away. In the guide slot 50, 52 a circular cross-section guide pin 54 is received, which in turn is fixedly connected to the base portion 19 of the Eckschalungselements 18.
Wenn nun über die Zugstange 30 in einer in Verbindung mit den Fig. 4 und 5 noch zu erläuternden Weise eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Basisbereich 19 und den Koppelstreifen 21 bzw. den mit ihnen verbund- nen weiteren Schalungselementen 20 ausgelöst wird, bewegen sich die weiteren Schalungselemente 20 auf den Basisbereich 19 des Eckschalungselements 18 zu, wobei ihre Bewegung dabei durch die Führungskulissen 50, 52 und die Führungsbolzen 54 gesteuert wird. Zu Beginn der genannten Bewegung bewegen sich die beiden weiteren Schalungselemente 20 mit den Koppelstreifen 21 in Richtung der in Fig. 3a eingezeichneten Pfeile, wobei sich die Führungskulisse 50, 52 derart gegenüber dem Führungsbolzen 54 verschiebt, dass der Führungsbolzen 54 in demjenigen Bereich zu liegen kommt, in dem der kürzere Kulissen- abschnitt 52 an den längeren Kulissenabschnitt 50 angrenzt. Diese Position ist in Fig. 3b dargestellt. Während der Bewegung von der Position gemäß Fig. 3a in die Position gemäß Fig. 3b gleitet die Schrägfläche 40 der Koppelstreifen 21 entlang der Stirnseite des Winkelschenkels 36. Durch die genannte Relativbewegung zwischen den Koppelstreifen 21 bzw. den weiteren Schalungselementen 20 einerseits und dem Basisbereich 19 des Eckschalungselements 18 andererseits haben sich die Schalflächen 28 der beiden weiteren Schalungselemente 20 unter Überwindung der existierenden Haftkräfte vom ausgehärteten Beton 34 gelöst, so dass zwischen dem ausgehärteten Beton 34 und den Schalflächen 28 ein geringer Abstand besteht. Dieser Abstand ist zumindest so groß wie die Dicke des Winkel- schenkeis 36. Findet dieser Vorgang an allen vier Ecken gleichzeitig oder nacheinander statt, löst sich auch bei einigen Eckschalungselementen die Schalfläche 26 vom gehärteten Beton 34. Bei fortgesetzter Bewegung der Zugstange 30 bewegen sich die weiteren Schalungselemente 20 in Richtung der in den Fig. 3b und 3c eingezeichneten Pfeile weiter aufeinander zu. Diese Bewegung wird nun durch den längeren Kulissenabschnitt 50 und den Führungsbolzen 54 gesteuert, so wie dies aus den Fig. 3c und 3d ersichtlich ist. Am Ende der Bewegung befindet sich der Führungs bolzen 54 am dem Basisbereich 19 abgewandten Ende des längeren Kulissenabschnitts 50. Bei dieser in den Fig. 3c und 3d veranschaulichten Bewegung bewegen sich die beiden Schenkel des Basisbereichs 19 und die beiden ihnen jeweils zugeordneten weiteren Schalungselemente 20 in parallel zueinander verlaufenden Ebenen aufei- nander zu, was bedeutet, dass bei dieser Bewegung keine Schrägbewegung mehr erfolgt, wie sie bei einer Bewegung von der Position gemäß Fig. 3a in die Position gemäß Fig. 3b gegeben war. Bei der Bewegung gemäß den Fig. 3c und 3d bewegt sich der dem Eckschalungselement 18 jeweils zugewandte Endbereich der weiteren Schalungselemente 20 mit seinem Koppelstreifen 21 jeweils in einen zwischen den beiden Winkelschenkeln 36, 38 ausgebildeten Aufnahmeraum hinein. Dabei gleiten die Schalflächen 28 der weiteren Schalungselemente 20 an den Innenseiten der Winkelschenkel 36 entlang. Da die in Verbindung mit den Fig. 3a bis 3d beschriebene Bewegung gleichzeitig an allen vier Eckbereichen einer Innenschachtschalung 12 gemäß Fig. 1 erfolgt, bewegen sich sämtliche Eckschalungselemente 18 und weitere Schalungselemente 20 - gesteuert jeweils von den längeren Kulissenabschnitten 50 - gleichzeitig nach innen, so dass sich der Außen- umfang der Innenschachtschalung 12 insgesamt verkleinert. Hierdurch wird sichergestellt, dass sich nicht nur die weiteren Schalungselemente 20 sondern auch sämtliche Eckschalungselemente 18 vom ausgehärteten Beton 34 lösen. Dementsprechend zeigt Fig. 3d nicht nur einen Abstand zwischen den Schalflächen 28 der weiteren Schalungselemente 20 und dem ausgehärteten Beton 34, sondern auch einen Abstand zwischen der Schalhaut 26 des Eckschalungselements 18 und dem ausgehärteten Beton 34. If a relative movement between the base region 19 and the coupling strip 21 or the other formwork elements 20 connected to them is triggered via the pull rod 30 in a manner to be explained in connection with FIGS. 4 and 5, the further formwork elements move 20 to the base portion 19 of the Eckschalungselements 18, wherein their movement is controlled by the guide slots 50, 52 and the guide pin 54. At the beginning of said movement, the two further formwork elements 20 move with the coupling strip 21 in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 3a, wherein the guide slot 50, 52 so displaced relative to the guide pin 54, that the guide pin 54 comes to rest in that area in which the shorter link section 52 adjoins the longer link section 50. This position is shown in Fig. 3b. During the movement from the position according to FIG. 3 a to the position according to FIG. 3 b, the inclined surface 40 of the coupling strip 21 slides along the end face of the angle leg 36. By the said relative movement between the coupling strip 21 or the further formwork elements 20 on the one hand and the base region 19 of the corner formwork element 18 on the other hand, the shell surfaces 28 of the two other formwork elements 20 have overcome overcome the existing adhesive forces of the cured concrete 34, so that between the cured concrete 34 and the Schalflächen 28 is a small distance. This distance is at least as great as the thickness of the angle Schenkeis 36. If this process takes place at all four corners at the same time or in succession, the shuttering surface 26 also separates from the hardened concrete 34 in some corner formwork elements. With continued movement of the drawbar 30, the further formwork elements 20 move in the direction of those shown in FIGS 3c arrows further towards each other. This movement is now controlled by the longer gate section 50 and the guide pin 54, as can be seen in FIGS. 3c and 3d. At the end of the movement, the guide pin 54 is located on the base region 19 opposite end of the longer link section 50. In this illustrated in Figs. 3c and 3d movement, the two legs of the base portion 19 and the two associated therewith further formwork elements 20 move in parallel to each other levels to each other, which means that in this movement no more oblique movement takes place, as was given in a movement from the position shown in FIG. 3a in the position shown in FIG. 3b. During the movement according to FIGS. 3c and 3d, the end region of the further formwork elements 20 facing the corner formwork element 18 in each case moves with its coupling strip 21 into a receiving space formed between the two angle legs 36, 38. The shuttering surfaces 28 of the further shuttering elements 20 slide along the inner sides of the angle legs 36. Since the movement described in connection with FIGS. 3 a to 3 d occurs simultaneously on all four corner regions of an internal shaft formwork 12 according to FIG. 1, all the corner formwork elements 18 and further formwork elements 20 move simultaneously inwardly, controlled in each case by the longer link sections 50 that the outer circumference of the inner shaft formwork 12 decreases overall. hereby It is ensured that not only the further formwork elements 20 but also all the corner formwork elements 18 detach from the hardened concrete 34. Accordingly, FIG. 3d shows not only a distance between the shell surfaces 28 of the further formwork elements 20 and the hardened concrete 34, but also a distance between the formwork skin 26 of the corner formwork element 18 and the hardened concrete 34.
Fig. 4a zeigt eine Innenansicht des Eckschalungselements 18 gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3, welches beidseitig mit weiteren Schalungselementen 20 auf die beschriebene Weise gekoppelt ist. Fig. 4b zeigt eine Draufsicht auf diese Anordnung, allerdings ohne die beiden weiteren Schalungselemente 20. Eckschalungselement 18 und weitere Schalungselemente 20 befinden sich gemäß den Fig. 4a und 4b in ihrem eingeschalten Zustand, welcher der Position gemäß Fig. 3a entspricht. 4a shows an interior view of the corner formwork element 18 according to FIGS. 1 to 3, which is coupled on both sides with further formwork elements 20 in the manner described. Fig. 4b shows a plan view of this arrangement, but without the two other formwork elements 20. corner formwork element 18 and other formwork elements 20 are shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b in its on state, which corresponds to the position shown in FIG. 3a.
Aus Fig. 4a ist ersichtlich, dass die Zugstange 30 über insgesamt acht Gelenkhebel 56 mit Befestigungslaschen 58 der Koppelstreifen 21 verbunden ist, wobei die Koppelstreifen 21 ihrerseits starr mit den weiteren Schalungselementen 20 gekoppelt sind. Die Gelenkhebel 56 sind dabei sowohl an der Zugstange 30 als auch an den Befestigungslaschen 58 gelenkig gelagert. From Fig. 4a it can be seen that the tie rod 30 is connected via a total of eight hinge lever 56 with mounting straps 58 of the coupling strip 21, wherein the coupling strip 21 in turn are rigidly coupled to the other formwork elements 20. The articulated levers 56 are articulated to both the drawbar 30 and the mounting brackets 58.
Am oberen Ende der Zugstange 30 befindet sich ein Fortsatz 31 , über den die Zugstange 30 mit dem unteren Ende der Zugstange eines weiteren Eckschalungselements koppelbar ist, welches auf das Eckschalungselement 18 aufgesetzt werden kann.  At the upper end of the pull rod 30 is an extension 31, via which the pull rod 30 can be coupled to the lower end of the pull rod of another corner formwork element, which can be placed on the Eckschalungselement 18.
Im Bereich der Höhe h2 ist die Zugstange mit dem Koppelbereich 32 versehen, in den eine Zugkette bzw. ein Krangehänge einhängbar ist. Etwas unterhalb der Höhe hß ist die Zugstange 30 in einer Hülse 60 geführt, die insgesamt vier Aussparungen 62 aufweist, in welche jeweils ein nicht dargestellter Hebel eingeführt werden kann. Die Zugstange selbst besitzt im Bereich der Hülse 60 ebenfalls eine Aussparung 64, welche eine Angriffsfläche für den Hebel bildet und in Fig. 4a zum Großteil von der Hülse 60 verdeckt ist. Die Hülse 60 ist so groß bemessen, dass zwischen ihren Aussparungen 62 und der Aussparung 64 in der Zugstange 30 ein ausreichend großer Abstand besteht, damit ein durch eine Aussparung 62 in die Aussparung 64 eingesetzter Hebel durch ein nach unten erfolgendes Drücken des Hebels die Zugstange 30 vertikal nach oben anheben kann. In der Praxis erfolgt eine solche Anhebebewegung in der Regel mehrmals, wobei hier jeweils unterschiedliche Aussparungen 62 der Hülse 60 zum Einsatz gelangen. Insbesondere wird die Zugstange 30 mittels des Hebels so lange angehoben, bis die Position gemäß Fig. 3d erreicht ist. In the area of the height h2, the pull rod is provided with the coupling region 32 into which a pull chain or a crane hook can be suspended. Slightly below the height h the pull rod 30 is guided in a sleeve 60, which has a total of four recesses 62, in each of which an unillustrated lever can be inserted. The drawbar itself also has in the region of the sleeve 60 a recess 64, which forms a contact surface for the lever and is largely concealed in FIG. 4a by the sleeve 60. The sleeve 60 is sized so large that there is a sufficiently large distance between its recesses 62 and the recess 64 in the pull rod 30 so that a lever inserted through a recess 62 in the recess 64 by a downward pressing the lever, the pull rod 30th can lift vertically upwards. In practice, such a lifting movement usually takes place several times, with different recesses 62 of the sleeve 60 being used here in each case. In particular, the pull rod 30 is lifted by means of the lever until the position according to FIG. 3d is reached.
Fig. 5a und 5b entsprechen den Fig. 4a und 4b, wobei gemäß den Fig. 5a und 5b bereits die ausgeschalte Position gemäß Fig. 3d erreicht ist. Aus Fig. 5a ist ersichtlich, dass die Gelenkhebel 56 durch die nach oben erfolgende Bewegung der Zugstange 30 ebenfalls nach oben gezogen werden und dabei die beiden Koppelstreifen 21 mit ihren weiteren Schalungselementen 20 in Richtung der Zugstange ziehen, so dass die Gelenkhebel 56 letztlich die in Fig. 5a dargestellte schräge Position einnehmen. Die Aussparung 64 befindet sich gemäß Fig. 5a nun im Bereich zwischen den beiden oberen Aussparungen 62 der Hülse 60, wohingegen sie sich in Fig. 4a noch im Bereich der beiden unteren Aussparungen 62 der Hülse 60 befunden hat. FIGS. 5a and 5b correspond to FIGS. 4a and 4b, wherein according to FIGS. 5a and 5b the switched-off position according to FIG. 3d has already been reached. From Fig. 5a it can be seen that the hinge lever 56 are also pulled by the upward movement of the pull rod 30 upwards and thereby pull the two coupling strip 21 with its other formwork elements 20 in the direction of the pull rod, so that the pivot lever 56 ultimately the in Fig. 5a assume oblique position shown. The recess 64 is shown in FIG. 5a now in the region between the two upper recesses 62 of the sleeve 60, whereas in Fig. 4a, it was still in the region of the two lower recesses 62 of the sleeve 60.
In der in den Fig. 3d, 5a und 5b dargestellten Position sind alle Schalungselemente 18, 20 vom ausgehärteten Beton gelöst, so dass ein Kran- gehänge am Koppelbereich 32 befestigt werden kann. Nachdem eine sol- che Befestigung an allen vier Eckbereichen einer Innenschachtschalung 12 gemäß Fig. 1 erfolgt ist, kann die Innenschachtschalung aus dem ausgehärteten Betonschacht nach oben herausgezogen werden. Erfindungsgemäß können auch sehr kleine Innenschachtschalungen realisiert werden, da beispielsweise weitere Schalungselemente 20 mit sehr geringer Breite eingesetzt werden können. Die minimale Breite der weiteren Schalungselemente 20 muss lediglich so bemessen sein, dass sich die Koppelvorrichtungen 22 daran befestigen lassen. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, zwei erfindungsgemäße Eckschalungselemente 18 direkt aneinander, beispielsweise mittels eines Richtschlosses, zu befestigen, ohne dass sich ein weiteres Schalungselemente 20 zwischen diesen Eckschalungselementen 18 befindet. Hierfür werden dann zwei Koppelstreifen 21 der beiden Eckschalungselemente 18 direkt miteinander verbunden. Auf diese Weise lassen sich dann noch kleinere Innenschachtschalungen erzeugen. In the position shown in FIGS. 3 d, 5 a and 5 b, all formwork elements 18, 20 are released from the hardened concrete, so that a crane hanger can be fastened to the coupling region 32. After a sol- attachment to all four corners of an inner shaft formwork 12 as shown in FIG. 1 is done, the inner shaft formwork can be pulled out of the hardened concrete shaft upwards. According to the invention, even very small internal shaft formworks can be realized, since, for example, further formwork elements 20 with a very small width can be used. The minimum width of the other formwork elements 20 only has to be dimensioned such that the coupling devices 22 can be attached thereto. Alternatively, it is also possible to attach two corner formwork elements 18 according to the invention directly to one another, for example by means of a straightening lock, without another formwork element 20 being located between these corner formwork elements 18. For this purpose, two coupling strips 21 of the two corner formwork elements 18 are then connected directly to each other. In this way, even smaller inner shaft formwork can be produced.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
10 Schachtschalung 10 shaft formwork
12 Innenschachtschalung 12 inner shaft formwork
14 Außenschachtschalung14 outer shaft formwork
16 Schalungsanker 16 formwork anchors
18 Eckschalungselement 18 corner formwork element
19 Basisbereich 19 base area
20 weitere Schalungselemente 20 more formwork elements
21 Koppelstreifen 21 coupling strips
22 Koppelvorrichtung  22 coupling device
24 Hohlraum  24 cavity
26 Schalfläche  26 scarf surface
28 Schalfläche  28 scarf surface
30 Zugstange  30 drawbar
31 Fortsatz  31 extension
32 Koppelbereich  32 coupling area
34 ausgehärteter Beton  34 hardened concrete
36 Winkelschenkel  36 angle legs
38 Winkelschenkel  38 angle legs
40 Schrägfläche  40 inclined surface
42 Schalhaut  42 formlining
44 Eckschutzprofil  44 Corner protection profile
46 Führungslasche  46 guide strap
48 Langloch  48 slot
50 längerer Kulissenabschnitt 50 longer scenes
52 kürzerer Kulissenabschnitt52 shorter gate section
54 Führungsbolzen 54 guide bolts
56 Gelenkhebel  56 articulated lever
58 Befestigungslasche Hülse 58 fastening strap shell
Aussparungen Aussparung  Recesses recess

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Aus schal Vorrichtung mit einem Eckschalungselement (18), welches beidseitig mit jeweils einem weiteren Schalungselement (20) verbindbar ist, wobei im Eckschalungselement ( 18) eine vertikal bewegliche Zugstange (30) gelagert ist, welche über mehrere Gelenkhebel (56) derart mit den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen (20) koppelbar ist, dass diese beiden weiteren Schalungselemente (20) durch eine Vertikalbewegung der Zugstange (30) relativ zum Eckschalungselement (18) bewegbar sind, From scarf device with a corner formwork element (18), which is connectable on both sides with a further formwork element (20), wherein in the corner formwork element (18) a vertically movable drawbar (30) is mounted, which via a plurality of articulated levers (56) with the two further formwork elements (20) can be coupled, that these two further formwork elements (20) by a vertical movement of the drawbar (30) relative to the corner formwork element (18) are movable,
dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die Zugstange (30) zur Auslösung einer Vertikalbewegung derselben eine gemeinsam mit der Zugstange (30) vertikal und linear bewegliche Angriffsfläche (64) für einen Hebel und/oder einen gemeinsam mit der Zugstange (30) vertikal und linear beweglichen Koppelbereich (32) für eine Zugkette aufweist. that the drawbar (30) for triggering a vertical movement of the same together with the drawbar (30) vertically and linearly movable engagement surface (64) for a lever and / or a jointly with the drawbar (30) vertically and linearly movable coupling region (32) has a pull chain.
Ausschalvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , Stripping device according to claim 1,
dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die Angriffsfläche (64) für den Hebel unterhalb des Koppelbereichs (32) für die Zugkette angeordnet ist, und/ oder dass die Angriffsfläche (64) für den Hebel weniger als 1 m vom unteren Ende des Eckschalungselements (18) beabstandet ist. in that the engagement surface (64) for the lever is arranged below the pull chain coupling region (32), and / or the lever engagement surface (64) is spaced less than 1 m from the lower end of the corner formwork element (18).
3. Ausschalvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , 3. Shuttering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e k e n n e c e s e,
dass der Koppelbereich (32) für die Zugkette weniger als 2 m, insbesondere ungefähr 1,5 m vom unteren Ende des Eckschalungselements (18) beabstandet ist.  in that the coupling region (32) for the pull chain is spaced less than 2 m, in particular approximately 1.5 m, from the lower end of the corner formwork element (18).
4. Ausschalvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , 4. Shuttering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e k e n n e c e s e,
dass das Eckschalungselement (18) und die beiden weiteren Schalungselemente (20) derart koppelbar sind, dass mit einer Vertikalbewegung der Zugstange (30) zuerst eine schräg zur jeweiligen Schalhaut (28) gerichtete Bewegung der beiden weiteren Schalungselemente (20) und anschließend eine zumindest im Wesentlichen parallel zur jeweiligen Schalhaut (28) gerichtete Relativbewegung zwischen dem Eckschalungselement (18) und den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen (20) auslösbar ist.  in that the corner formwork element (18) and the two further formwork elements (20) can be coupled in such a way that with a vertical movement of the drawbar (30) first of all a movement of the two further formwork elements (20) directed obliquely to the respective formwork skin (28) and then one at least in the Relative movement directed substantially parallel to the respective formwork skin (28) between the corner formwork element (18) and the two further formwork elements (20) can be triggered.
5. Ausschalvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , 5. Stripping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e k e n n e c e s e s,
dass die Relativbewegungen zwischen dem Eckschalungselement (18) und den beiden weiteren Schalungselementen (20) durch zumindest eine Führungskulisse (50, 52) definiert sind, welche bevorzugt zwei sich im Wesentlichen winklig zueinander erstreckende Kulissenabschnitte (50, 52) aufweist, wobei insbesondere ein parallel zur Schalhaut (28) verlaufender Kulissenabschnitt (50) länger ist als ein schräg zur Schalhaut (28) verlaufender Kulissenabschnitt (52) .  in that the relative movements between the corner formwork element (18) and the two further formwork elements (20) are defined by at least one guide slot (50, 52), which preferably has two gate sections (50, 52) extending essentially at an angle to each other, wherein in particular one is parallel to the formwork skin (28) extending link section (50) is longer than an oblique to the formwork skin (28) extending link section (52).
6. Ausschalvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Eckschalungselement (18) einen Basisbereich (19) und zwei relativ dazu bewegliche Koppelstreifen (21) aufweist, welche jeweils starr mit einem weiteren Schalungselement (20) koppelbar sind. 6. stripping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corner formwork element (18) has a base region (19) and two coupling strips (21) which are movable relative thereto and which can each be coupled rigidly to a further formwork element (20).
Ausschalvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, Stripping device according to claim 6,
dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die den beiden Koppelstreifen (21) zugewandten Kanten berei- che des Basisbereichs (19) jeweils ein sich über die Höhe des Basisbereichs (19) erstreckendes metallisches Winkelprofil (36, 38) aufweisen, welches zwischen den Winkelschenkeln (36, 38) einen Aufnahmebereich für jeweils einen Bereich eines der Koppelstreifen (21) und einen Randbereich eines damit gekoppelten weiteren Schalungselements (20) aufweist. the edges facing the two coupling strips (21) each have a metallic angle profile (36, 38) extending over the height of the base region (19), which has a receiving region between the angle legs (36, 38) for in each case an area of one of the coupling strips (21) and an edge area of a further formwork element (20) coupled thereto.
Ausschalvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , Stripping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e c e n e c e s e s,
dass das einen Metallrahmen aufweisende Eckschalungselement (18) eine außen liegende Schalfläche (26) aufweist, die zumindest über einen Flächenanteil von 80% mit einer nagelbaren Schalhaut (42), die insbesondere aus Holz oder Kunststoff besteht, beplankt ist. in that the corner formwork element (18) having a metal frame has an outer formwork surface (26) which, at least over an area fraction of 80%, is planked with a nailable formwork skin (42) which consists in particular of wood or plastic.
Ausschalvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , Stripping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e c e n e c e s e s,
dass die Zugstange (30) als Zugrohr ausgebildet ist, wobei die Zugrohre (30) zweier übereinander angeordneter Eckschalungselemente miteinander verbindbar sind. Innenschachtschalung (12) mit zumindest einer Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, welche vier Eckschalungselemente (18) aufweist, wobei jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Eckschalungselementen (18) zumindest ein weiteres Schalungselement (20) angeordnet ist. the pull rod (30) is designed as a draw tube, wherein the pull tubes (30) of two superposed corner form elements can be connected to one another. Inner shaft formwork (12) with at least one device according to one of the preceding claims, which has four Eckschalungselemente (18), wherein in each case between two adjacent Eckschalungselementen (18) at least one further shuttering element (20) is arranged.
EP10779724.3A 2009-11-25 2010-11-22 Formwork-stripping device Revoked EP2480735B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009055690A DE102009055690A1 (en) 2009-11-25 2009-11-25 Ausschalvorrichtung
PCT/EP2010/007071 WO2011063922A1 (en) 2009-11-25 2010-11-22 Formwork-stripping device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2480735A1 true EP2480735A1 (en) 2012-08-01
EP2480735B1 EP2480735B1 (en) 2014-08-27

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ID=43536384

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EP10779724.3A Revoked EP2480735B1 (en) 2009-11-25 2010-11-22 Formwork-stripping device

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EP (1) EP2480735B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20120099701A (en)
CN (1) CN102667031A (en)
CA (1) CA2781450C (en)
DE (1) DE102009055690A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2519316C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2011063922A1 (en)

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DE102009055690A1 (en) 2011-05-26
WO2011063922A1 (en) 2011-06-03
EP2480735B1 (en) 2014-08-27
CA2781450A1 (en) 2011-06-03
RU2012126111A (en) 2013-12-27
CN102667031A (en) 2012-09-12
KR20120099701A (en) 2012-09-11
CA2781450C (en) 2017-05-23
RU2519316C2 (en) 2014-06-10

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