EP2473819A1 - Dispositif de mesure optique de distance, et procédé de réglage d'un tel dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure optique de distance, et procédé de réglage d'un tel dispositif

Info

Publication number
EP2473819A1
EP2473819A1 EP10735297A EP10735297A EP2473819A1 EP 2473819 A1 EP2473819 A1 EP 2473819A1 EP 10735297 A EP10735297 A EP 10735297A EP 10735297 A EP10735297 A EP 10735297A EP 2473819 A1 EP2473819 A1 EP 2473819A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prism
optical
wedge
adjustment
prisms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP10735297A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Sinner-Hettenbach
Peter Wolf
Tatiana Babkina
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2473819A1 publication Critical patent/EP2473819A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
    • G01C3/02—Details
    • G01C3/06—Use of electric means to obtain final indication
    • G01C3/08—Use of electric radiation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4814—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0875—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements
    • G02B26/0883—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements the refracting element being a prism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/62—Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for optical distance measurement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Devices for optical distance measurement in particular hand-held electro-optical rangefinders, such as laser rangefinders, have been known for many years.
  • DE 101 24 433 A1 shows a device for optical distance measurement with a transmitting unit for emitting optical radiation, in particular laser radiation in the direction of a target object, with a receiving unit for receiving the radiation reflected from the target object and with a control and evaluation unit for detection the distance of the device to a target object, said device having at least one optical means for beam guidance.
  • the device of DE 101 24 433 A1 uses as an optical means for beam guidance an objective in the beam path of the transmitting device or in the beam path of the receiving device, which is adjustable via a sensor and control electronics in all three spatial directions.
  • the invention relates to a device for optical distance measurement, in particular of a hand-held, electro-optical rangefinder, with a transmitting unit for transmitting modulated optical radiation along a Transmitting path towards a target object, and with a distance to the optical axis of the transmitting unit receiving unit for receiving the returning of the target optical radiation. It is proposed that the transmission path of the device has an adjustment unit with at least one prism.
  • Hand-held electro-optical rangefinders such as laser rangefinders, are now commonly used to measure indoor and outdoor distances up to several hundred meters.
  • a laser rangefinder typically consists of a transmitting and a receiving path.
  • a modulated laser beam is emitted, which is reflected at a target object.
  • the reflected laser beam in turn enters the device and must be focused via a receiving optics on the detector of the rangefinder.
  • the detector or the optics of the reception path must be adjusted to the reflected laser beam.
  • the measuring beam by means of an adjusting unit in the transmission path of the device, which has at least one prism, in the center of the visual field of the receiving optics, and the detector of the
  • Transmitting paths about the optical axis of the transmitting unit is rotatable.
  • the inventive design of the adjusting unit a space-saving arrangement can be achieved, which allows easy adjustment with a high Justiergenautechnik by moving the prism, in particular by a rotation of the prism about the optical axis of the receiving path.
  • the adjusting unit has at least one further, second prism, which is likewise mounted so as to be movable and in particular rotatable for adjustment. It is proposed that the first prism and the second prism are arranged so as to be movable relative to one another during the adjustment. In this case, a particularly precise and, in particular, cost-effective adjustment of the transmission path to the visual field of the reception detector of the measuring device according to the invention can be achieved. This allows in a simple way a mechanical adjustment of the
  • the two prisms are rotatable together by an equal angle with respect to a rotation axis, so that a relative position of the two prisms to each other remains the same and a
  • Movement takes place only with respect to an internal axis, for example the optical axis of the transmitting unit.
  • the first prism and / or the second prism are each formed by a wedge prism.
  • a "wedge prism” should be understood to mean, in particular, a prism which has a wedge-like shape, in particular two side surfaces which converge at an acute angle.
  • n the refractive index of the material of the prism
  • ⁇ the wedge angle of the wedge prism, i. the angle of the wedge prism, the two wedge surfaces or side surfaces form each other.
  • the wedge angle of the first prism and the wedge angle of the second prism differ by a maximum of 10 percent, typically by a maximum of 5 percent.
  • one or more prisms can be produced by means of plastic injection molding.
  • adhesive surfaces and mechanical points of attack for the adjustment and storage of the prisms can be easily and inexpensively integrated directly into the prisms of the adjustment unit.
  • means which make it possible to rotate the prism for adjustment about the optical axis of the transmission path be formed directly and in particular integrally with the prisms.
  • Such means may, for example, be a sprocket or pinion structure revolving on the peripheral surface of the prisms.
  • An advantageous embodiment of a Justagereparatur then consists for example of two racks, each engaging one of the wedge prisms or in the pinion structure of the wedge prisms, thus making it possible to rotate them together until a target criterion is reached.
  • the optical refractive index (nj of the first prism is substantially equal to the optical refractive index (n 2 ) of the second prism.
  • prisms of different prism material and in particular prisms with different
  • the device has a housing in which at least the transmitting unit and the receiving unit of the device are arranged.
  • the housing of the device has an exit window for emitting the optical measuring radiation, wherein the exit window through at least one of the prisms of
  • Adjustment unit is formed.
  • a method for adjusting a rangefinder in particular a hand-held electro-optical rangefinder is proposed, in which for adjusting the transmission path of the rangefinder on the field of view of the detector of the receiving unit of the rangefinder at least one prism of an adjusting unit of the device is rotated.
  • Adjustment errors can be at least reduced or at least partially avoided. This can be achieved particularly advantageously if the adjusting unit has at least one second prism, which is rotated relative to the first prism in order to adjust the transmission path to the visual field of the reception detector.
  • the first prism and / or the second prism preferably have means which make it possible to rotate the prism (s) for adjustment about the optical axis of the transmission path.
  • These means may, for example, a sprocket structure (pinion) on the peripheral surface of advantageously as
  • Circular disks formed prisms, in particular wedge prisms.
  • the required adjustment range i.
  • the angular range over which the measurement signal is deflected with respect to the optical axis of the transmission path can be predefined via the wedge angle of the prisms such that the entire rotation range of 360 degrees is utilized for the wedge prisms.
  • the wedge angle can be set according to the maximum adjustment range required.
  • the emitted laser beam is manipulated via two wedge prisms so that the reflected laser beam
  • Detector is mapped. To the manipulated laser beam with the
  • Wedge prisms as long as each other and rotated relative to the optical axis of the transmission path until the deflected laser beam and the detector means come to the parallax of the system for coverage.
  • the first prism and / or the second prism is fixed after the adjustment, whereby the first prism and / or the second prism are fixed in the adjusted and / or adapted position to an undesirable
  • the adjustment of the adjusting unit and thus the adjustment of the device according to the invention for distance measurement during production of the rangefinder so that movement of the prisms in the measuring mode, in particular in measuring operation of the user, is prevented and the prisms maintain the once adjusted position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a laser rangefinder in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 2 shows a transmission and reception path of a laser range finding device in a highly simplified, schematic representation
  • Figure 3 shows the adjusting unit according to the invention in a schematic
  • FIG. 4 shows the prisms of the adjusting unit in an alternative view
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a device according to the invention
  • the laser range finder 12 further has a display unit 42 provided for outputting a measurement result for operating the laser range finder 12, and an input unit 44 having a plurality of input keys provided for operating the laser range finder 12 by an operator.
  • the transmission unit 60 of the laser range finding device 12 comprises at least (see FIG. 2) a laser generation unit, preferably in the form of a laser diode 66, which is provided for generating a laser beam 78, in particular a modulated laser beam.
  • the laser beam 78 is directed to an aimed measuring object 14 and the distance between the laser distance measuring device 12 and the measuring object 14 is determined on the basis of a beam 80 reflected by the measuring object 14 and received by the laser distance measuring device 12.
  • the device according to the invention (see FIG. 2) has a receiving unit 62, which has at least one electro-optical detector 64 for converting the optical signal into an electrical signal.
  • Figure 2 shows in a likewise schematic representation of the optical structure of the device according to the invention and the optical beam path for measuring a distance to a measuring object 14 in its essential for the invention structural components.
  • the laser rangefinder according to the invention also contains further, known in the art components whose function is not discussed here in more detail, since they have no effect on the
  • the device according to the invention for optical distance measurement has a housing 40 in which inter alia a transmitting unit 60 and a receiving unit 62 are arranged.
  • the device also has an evaluation unit and at least one output unit, which, however, for the sake of clarity, are not shown in FIG.
  • the transmitting unit 60 has at least one optical signal source, which is formed in the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the form of a laser diode 66. Downstream of the laser diode 66 is a beam-shaping optical system 68 for generating a round which is as parallel as possible
  • the laser diode 66 and the optics 68 define the transmission path 70 of the transmitting unit 60 and are typically arranged on a common optical axis 72.
  • the detector 64 and a collimating lens 76 define the receiving path 74 of the receiving unit 62 of the device according to the invention.
  • an adjusting unit 18 is also arranged, which serves to correct the direction of the emitted measuring beam 78, if necessary.
  • the adjustment typically takes place during the production of the device according to the invention, that is, for example, in the production of a laser range finding device 12 according to the invention, so that an already adjusted measuring device is available in use operation.
  • the adjusting unit 18 has at least a first prism 22, a second prism 26 and at least one bearing means 20 for adjustment (see FIG. 3).
  • the first prism 22 and the second prism 26 are each formed by a wedge prism 30 and 32, respectively, which essentially comprise a circular disk (see also Figure 4), wherein a thickness 54 of the disk along a diameter of the disk is wedge-shaped.
  • the first wedge prism 30 and the second wedge prism 32 each have a wedge angle of 34 and 36, which may typically be in a range between 0 and 15 degrees.
  • wedge angles can be used in a range between 0 and 5 degrees, and wedge angles in a range between 0 and 2 degrees are particularly preferred.
  • the two prisms have the same wedge angle, but this is not absolutely necessary, so that in special
  • Embodiments of the device according to the invention also prisms with different wedge angles can be used.
  • the wedge angles 34 and 36, respectively, of the embodiment shown correspond in each case to an angle enclosed by the disk-like, round surfaces
  • the first wedge prism 30 in this case has a wedge angle 34 which is substantially equal to a wedge angle 36 of the second wedge prism 32.
  • the two wedge prisms 30 and 32 are arranged successively at least partially along the optical axis 72 of the transmission path, so that an overlay 82 of the two wedge prisms 30 and 32 takes place along the optical axis 72, wherein the superposition 82 forms an adjustment range for the adjustment
  • Adjustment device 10 in a detailed representation.
  • the overlap area 82 is chosen to be as large as possible.
  • the prisms are chosen to be as large as possible.
  • optical axes of the transmitting and receiving paths of the device according to the invention are spaced apart (one speaks in this case of a biaxial optical system), it is not always and automatically ensured that a sufficient amount of the measurement signal reflected on the measurement object 14 on the
  • the emitted laser beam 78 by means of the two wedge prisms 30 and 32 manipulated so that the reflected laser beam is imaged as accurately as possible in the center of the receiving optics 76.
  • the two wedge prisms 30 and 32 are rotated relative to each other and relative to the optical axis 72 of the transmitting unit 60 until the deflected laser beam 78 and the center of the detector except for Parallax come to cover.
  • n is the refractive index of the wedge prism.
  • a light beam can be adjusted in two directions.
  • the two wedge prisms are arranged at least partially successively, so that a superposition of the two wedge prisms for the optical beam results (see Figure 3).
  • the overlay region 82 then also forms an adjustment range for the adjustment.
  • the two wedge prisms 30 and 32 are rotatably supported by the bearing means 20 and the bearing means 20 and 38.
  • the first wedge prism 30 and the second wedge prism 32 are movable relative to each other during the adjustment, in particular rotatably supported by the bearing means 20 and 38, so that both wedge prisms 30, 32 can be rotated independently for adjustment.
  • a bearing means 20 and 38 for example, also serve adjusting means 21 for rotating the prisms, such as racks.
  • the wedge prisms 30 and 32 have means for this, which make it possible to rotate the prisms about the optical axis of the transmission path 70.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the wedge prisms provides for production by means of injection molding, in particular optical injection molding.
  • adhesive surfaces and mechanical points of attack for the adjustment can be easily and inexpensively integrated directly into the prisms of the adjusting unit.
  • This pinion structure can be injection molded directly and integrally with the wedge prism.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the Justageapparatur then consists for example of two racks 21, each attacking one of the wedge prisms, store them and allow the prisms as long to rotate each other until a target criterion for the deflection of the beam is reached. Subsequently, the adjusting means 21 and thus the prisms are fixed.
  • the prisms or even one of the prisms, for example, made of glass can be arranged in an optics carrier and then correspondingly in the housing of the
  • Rangefinder is rotatably mounted. It may also be advantageous that the material of the prisms does not have the same refractive index.
  • the required adjustment or deflection range can be set via the wedge angle of the prisms so that in particular the entire rotation range of the prisms of 360 degrees can be utilized. In this way, a very precise and cost-effective adjustment is possible, since the entire range of rotation of the prisms of 360 ° can be used to achieve the deflection angle ⁇ . In an advantageous manner
  • the wedge angle ⁇ of the prisms is typically in a range up to 1 °.
  • the two wedge prisms 30 and 32 are fixed so that a movement of the two wedge prisms 30 and 32 from their defined, adjusted position in
  • the adjusting unit 18 has a fixing agent.
  • the fixing agent can be formed by an adhesive and / or by a blocking agent and / or further agents which appear to be suitable for the person skilled in the art.
  • the fixing agent is preferably a permanent fixation of the two
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a device according to the invention for optical distance measurement.
  • the optical adjusting device 18 is in the housing 40 of the
  • the device according to the invention or the adjustment method on which it is based in a simple manner enables the mechanical adjustment of the transmission beam of the laser rangefinder in two directions. In particular, this is possible with high accuracy and without much time.
  • the laser beam can be simultaneously adjusted, held and fixed in the same precision in both axes.
  • the emitted laser beam is manipulated via the two wedge prisms, so that the laser beam reflected on a measurement object is imaged as accurately as possible in the center of the receiving optical system.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de mesure optique de distance, en particulier un télémètre électro-optique portatif, comprenant un ensemble émetteur (60) pour l'émission d'un rayonnement optique modulé (78), le long d'un parcours d'émission (70) vers un objet cible (14), et un ensemble récepteur (62), à distance de l'axe optique (72) de l'ensemble émetteur (60), pour la réception du rayonnement optique, en retour de l'objet cible (14). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le parcours d'émission (70) du dispositif présente un ensemble de réglage (18) comportant au moins un prisme (22, 26, 30, 32). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de réglage d'un télémètre électro-optique portatif, procédé selon lequel, en vue du réglage du parcours d'émission (70) du télémètre sur le champ visuel d'un détecteur (64), à l'ensemble récepteur (62) du dispositif, au moins un prisme (22, 26, 30, 32) d'un ensemble de réglage (18) du dispositif peut être déplacé en rotation.
EP10735297A 2009-08-31 2010-07-28 Dispositif de mesure optique de distance, et procédé de réglage d'un tel dispositif Ceased EP2473819A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910029026 DE102009029026A1 (de) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 Vorrichtung zur optischen Distanzmessung sowie Verfahren zur Justierung einer solchen Vorrichtung
PCT/EP2010/060928 WO2011023484A1 (fr) 2009-08-31 2010-07-28 Dispositif de mesure optique de distance, et procédé de réglage d'un tel dispositif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2473819A1 true EP2473819A1 (fr) 2012-07-11

Family

ID=42779893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10735297A Ceased EP2473819A1 (fr) 2009-08-31 2010-07-28 Dispositif de mesure optique de distance, et procédé de réglage d'un tel dispositif

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2473819A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102575932A (fr)
DE (1) DE102009029026A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011023484A1 (fr)

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CN103487237B (zh) * 2013-09-10 2016-05-18 中国计量科学研究院 一种激光光束分析仪探测面定位方法及***
CN106405564A (zh) * 2015-07-29 2017-02-15 上海诺司纬光电仪器有限公司 一种测距***及校准测距***光路的方法
CN105529613A (zh) * 2016-01-15 2016-04-27 北京工业大学 一种852nm超窄线宽外腔半导体激光器
DE102017116595A1 (de) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-24 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Lidareinheit mit Montageelement zur Anbringung von Sendermodul und Empfängermodul
US20200174102A1 (en) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-04 Seagate Technology Llc Large field of view measurement devices for lidar
CN110500990B (zh) * 2019-07-09 2020-08-18 同济大学 一种六自由度测量***及方法
CN113126059A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-16 北醒（北京）光子科技有限公司 一种激光雷达
CN115574744B (zh) * 2022-11-18 2023-03-10 浙江晶盛机电股份有限公司 对中校准装置及对中校准方法
CN116953953B (zh) * 2023-09-21 2023-11-21 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 大口径激光测距光学***中单光子探测器的装调方法

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US20020030900A1 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-03-14 Takahiro Tominaga Resin-molded prism and mold for the same
EP1517117A1 (fr) * 2003-09-22 2005-03-23 Leica Geosystems AG Méthode et système pour la détermination de la position actuelle d'un appareil de postionement
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DE10124433A1 (de) 2001-05-18 2002-11-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur optischen Distanzmessung
DE10239435B4 (de) * 2002-08-28 2005-03-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur optischen Distanzmessung
JP2004101342A (ja) * 2002-09-09 2004-04-02 Fuji Photo Optical Co Ltd レーザレンジファインダ
US7511800B2 (en) * 2005-11-28 2009-03-31 Robert Bosch Company Limited Distance measurement device with short range optics
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US20020030900A1 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-03-14 Takahiro Tominaga Resin-molded prism and mold for the same
EP1517117A1 (fr) * 2003-09-22 2005-03-23 Leica Geosystems AG Méthode et système pour la détermination de la position actuelle d'un appareil de postionement
JP2008089393A (ja) * 2006-10-02 2008-04-17 Soatec Inc 光学装置及び光学式測定システム

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011023484A1 (fr) 2011-03-03
CN102575932A (zh) 2012-07-11
DE102009029026A1 (de) 2011-03-03

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