EP2473809B1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2473809B1
EP2473809B1 EP10747858.8A EP10747858A EP2473809B1 EP 2473809 B1 EP2473809 B1 EP 2473809B1 EP 10747858 A EP10747858 A EP 10747858A EP 2473809 B1 EP2473809 B1 EP 2473809B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
housing
modules
plate
use according
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EP10747858.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2473809A1 (en
Inventor
Christophe Denoual
Jimmy Lemee
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a use of a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, such as an internal exchanger in an air conditioning circuit.
  • Heat exchangers for motor vehicles are known today consisting of a bundle of tubes arranged in parallel on one or more rows, these tubes being intended for the circulation through the exchanger of a heat transfer fluid.
  • Heat exchangers are also known comprising a plurality of superposed plates configured to define fluid circulation channels for the heat exchange.
  • Document JP 2003 106688 discloses a use according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to overcome these drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a use of a heat exchanger according to claim 1.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a heat exchanger 1 for example for a motor vehicle between a first fluid to be heated or cooled and a second fluid intended to absorb or transfer heat to the first fluid.
  • the first fluid HP (for High Pressure) is a fluid to be cooled at high pressure and high temperature and the second fluid LP (for Low Pressure) is a fluid at low pressure and low temperature intended to absorb the heat of the first HP fluid.
  • the exchanger 1 comprises a housing 3 comprising a housing body 3a and a cover 3b fixed to the housing body 3a.
  • the housing body 3a has a plurality of hooking lugs 5 tightened on the lid 3b once the heat exchanger 1 is assembled.
  • the body 3a is produced by a stamping process.
  • the plurality of attachment lugs 5 projects beyond a circumferential edge.
  • the body 3a is closed by a bottom through which passes an introduction orifice and an evacuation orifice.
  • the hooking lugs 5, the circumferential edge and the bottom are unitary, in the sense that they are made from the same strip.
  • the volume delimited by the circumferential edge and the bottom delimit a space which receives modules 15 stacked flat in this space.
  • the housing 3 has introduction orifices for the first HP and the second LP fluids, and discharge orifices for the first HP and the second LP fluids.
  • the housing body 3a comprises an introduction orifice 7 for the first HP fluid and an evacuation orifice 9 for the second LP fluid
  • the cover 3b comprises an introduction orifice 11 for the second LP fluid and an evacuation orifice 13 for the first HP fluid.
  • the inlet 7 and outlet 13 orifices for the first HP fluid are connected in sealed manner to a supply circuit (not shown) for the first HP fluid.
  • the orifices for introduction 11 and evacuation 9 of the second fluid BP are connected in a sealed manner to a supply circuit (not shown) for the second fluid BP.
  • the casing 3, and more particularly the body 3a of the casing, houses a plurality of substantially identical modules 15 superposed in the casing 3 and fixed in the casing 3 for example by soldering.
  • intermediate modules 15c can be arranged between the lower 15a and upper 15b modules.
  • a module 15 comprises an upper plate 17 and a lower plate 19 shown in more detail on the picture 3 .
  • the upper 17 and lower 19 plates are, for example, metal plates of substantially parallelepipedic general shape which have a small thickness of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
  • edge 39 At the angle of the short side (hereafter edge 39) and the long side of the parallelepipedic shape of the plates there is a protrusion which extends in the same plane as the plate.
  • This protrusion has a rounded outline and supports connecting portions 27a and 27b (at each end but diagonally across the plate).
  • the contour of the plate is inclined in the direction of the orifices placed on the opposite edge.
  • the inclined contours delimit, with the internal wall of the body 3a and the cover 3b, an admission chamber dedicated to the low pressure fluid BP.
  • the existence of the inclined contour makes it possible to release a sufficient volume so that the introduction orifice 11 is not obstructed by the upper module 15b.
  • only one of the two plates (lower or upper) of the same module can include a raised contour, thus making it possible to delimit the interior cavity 21.
  • This interior cavity 21 forms a first circulation channel for the first HP fluid.
  • the exchanger 1 therefore comprises three first channels.
  • the first channels thus formed are parallel to each other, and have for example a height of 1 to 1.5 mm.
  • Fins 25 can be arranged in these first channels to improve heat exchange. These fins take the form of an accordion-folded turbulent plate.
  • connection portions make it possible to assemble the modules 15 between them and with the casing 3 by cooperating with portions associated adjacent connection of a neighboring module 15 or of the box 3.
  • connection portion 27 In the example shown on the figures 1 and 2 , the bottom of the housing body 3a and the cover 3b respectively comprise a connection portion 27. These connection portions 27 respectively comprise the introduction orifice 7 of the first fluid HP, and the discharge orifice 13 of the first fluid HP.
  • Top plates 17 and lower 19 have a first connection portion 27a and a second connection portion 27b ( picture 3 ).
  • connection portions 27a of the modules 15 are aligned with each other and with the connection portion 27 of the housing body 3a.
  • the second connection portions 27b of the modules 15 are aligned with each other and with the connection portion 27 of the cover 3b.
  • connection portions 27a and 27b of the modules 15 also have orifices or holes for the passage of the first HP fluid.
  • the orifices of the first connection portions 27a communicate with each other and with the introduction orifice 7 of the first HP fluid.
  • a channel for introducing the first HP fluid is thus defined.
  • the orifices of the second connection portions 27b communicate with each other and with the discharge orifice 13 of the first HP fluid. A channel for discharging the first HP fluid is thus defined.
  • connection portions 27, 27a and 27b cooperate with each other, by brazing for example, in a sealed manner in order to prevent any leakage.
  • the first 27a and second 27b connection portions of a plate 17, 19 can be arranged on either side of the upper 17 and lower 19 plate on a common diagonal of the plate concerned, shown in dotted lines on the picture 3 .
  • connection portions 27a and 27b in order to improve the circulation of the first HP fluid, provision can also be made for the connection portions 27a and 27b to form hollows on the internal surfaces 29 facing the upper 17 and lower 19 plates.
  • connection portion 27 of the housing body 3a forms a bump relative to the surface of the housing body 3a facing the lower module 15a.
  • connection portion 27 of the cover 3b forms a bump relative to the surface of the cover 3b facing the upper module 15b.
  • the connecting portions 27a and 27b of the modules 15 form bumps on the outer surfaces 31 of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates.
  • the bumps formed extend respectively towards the associated adjacent connecting portions 27, 27a or 27b.
  • the bumps of the connection portions 27, 27a and 27b make it possible to define spaces 33 between one or more consecutive modules 15c and between the lower module 15a, respectively upper 15b, and the bottom of the case body 3a, respectively the cover 3b.
  • exchanger 1 has four second channels.
  • the second channels are therefore located above and below the first channels to optimize the heat exchange between the two HP/LP fluids.
  • the second channels are also parallel to the first channels of so that the two HP and LP fluids circulate in two parallel directions.
  • additional holding portions 37 ( figure 2 and 3 ) on the upper 17 and lower 19 plates.
  • these additional portions 37 are arranged next to the connection portions 27a and/or 27b with the same characteristics of hollows on the internal surfaces 29 and bumps on the external surfaces 31 of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates and with a larger size. reduced compared to the connection portions 27a and 27b.
  • These additional holding portions 37 have an additional function in that they prevent any movement of the fins 35 present in the spaces 33.
  • each upper 17 and lower 19 plate may have two notches formed respectively on two opposite edges 39 of the plate 17 or 19 to improve the distribution of the second fluid LP in the various second channels.
  • the heat exchange performance is thus improved by keeping a relatively simple shape of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates forming the modules 15.
  • the box 3 provides guidance and stacking of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates during this assembly process which allows rapid assembly of the exchanger and which can be easily automated.
  • the exchanger 1 differs from the first embodiment described above in that the housing 3 is made in the form of two half-housings 3' and 3".
  • each half-box 3', 3" respectively in contact with the lower 15a and upper 15b modules comprises a connection portion 27.
  • the modules 15 remain identical with respect to the first embodiment previously described.
  • the two half-housings 3',3" are fixed for example by brazing at a junction 41 between the two half-housings 3',3" to guarantee the tightness of the housing 3.
  • modules 15 comprising the first channels being assembled in the casing 3 with spaces 33 delimiting the second channels both above and below of these first channels, the risks of leakage are minimized.
  • an exchanger 1 is particularly suitable for use within an air conditioning loop for a motor vehicle comprising a gas condenser or cooler, an expansion member, an evaporator and a compressor through which a refrigerant fluid flows in this order.
  • This air conditioning loop comprises a high pressure branch which begins at the compressor outlet and ends at the input of the expansion member, and a low pressure branch which begins at the output of the expansion member and ends at the compressor inlet.
  • the exchanger is used as an internal exchanger, that is to say an exchanger through which the refrigerant at high pressure and high temperature passes which circulates in the first channels and through which the same refrigerant passes. low pressure and low temperature which circulates in the second channels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une utilisation d'un échangeur thermique notamment pour véhicule automobile, tel qu'un échangeur interne dans un circuit de climatisation.The invention relates to a use of a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, such as an internal exchanger in an air conditioning circuit.

On connaît aujourd'hui des échangeurs thermiques pour véhicules automobiles constitués par un faisceau de tubes disposés parallèlement sur une ou plusieurs rangées, ces tubes étant destinés à la circulation à travers l'échangeur d'un fluide caloporteur.Heat exchangers for motor vehicles are known today consisting of a bundle of tubes arranged in parallel on one or more rows, these tubes being intended for the circulation through the exchanger of a heat transfer fluid.

On connaît encore des échangeurs thermiques comprenant une pluralité de plaques superposées configurées pour définir des canaux de circulation des fluides pour l'échange thermique.Heat exchangers are also known comprising a plurality of superposed plates configured to define fluid circulation channels for the heat exchange.

Document JP 2003 106688 divulgue une utilisation selon le préambule de la revendication 1.Document JP 2003 106688 discloses a use according to the preamble of claim 1.

Cependant de tels échangeurs comportent beaucoup de composants, notamment pour assurer l'étanchéité et l'assemblage, ce qui peut également s'avérer long et coûteux. Par ailleurs, la structure d'un tel échangeur doit assurer une étanchéité entre chaque canaux de circulation de fluide mais aussi entre ces canaux et le milieu environnant l'échangeur. Ceci impose une structure et des lignes de brasage qui complique la fabrication et l'assemblage d'un tel échangeur.However, such exchangers comprise many components, in particular to ensure sealing and assembly, which can also prove to be long and costly. Furthermore, the structure of such an exchanger must provide sealing between each fluid circulation channel but also between these channels and the environment surrounding the exchanger. This imposes a structure and brazing lines which complicates the manufacture and assembly of such an exchanger.

L'invention a donc pour objectif de pallier ces inconvénients de l'art antérieur en proposant une utilisation d'un échangeur thermique selon la revendication 1.The object of the invention is therefore to overcome these drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a use of a heat exchanger according to claim 1.

Des avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple illustratif et non limitatif, et des dessins annexés qui pourront le cas échéant servir à mieux définir l'invention, parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe (A-A visible sur la figure 2) d'un échangeur thermique,
  • la figure 2 est une vue partiellement éclatée de l'échangeur de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 représente des plaques formant un module de l'échangeur de la figure 1, et
  • la figure 4 est une variante de réalisation d'un boîtier de l'échangeur de la figure 1.
Advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, and the appended drawings which may, where appropriate, be used to better define the invention, among which:
  • the figure 1 is a sectional view (AA visible on the figure 2 ) a heat exchanger,
  • the picture 2 is a partially exploded view of the heat exchanger figure 1 ,
  • the picture 3 represents plates forming a module of the heat exchanger figure 1 , and
  • the figure 4 is a variant embodiment of a housing of the heat exchanger figure 1 .

Dans ces figures, les éléments identiques portent les mêmes références.In these figures, identical elements bear the same references.

La figure 1 illustre un échangeur 1 thermique par exemple pour un véhicule automobile entre un premier fluide à réchauffer ou refroidir et un second fluide destiné à absorber ou céder de la chaleur au premier fluide.The figure 1 illustrates a heat exchanger 1 for example for a motor vehicle between a first fluid to be heated or cooled and a second fluid intended to absorb or transfer heat to the first fluid.

Dans le mode de réalisation décrit, le premier fluide HP (pour Haute Pression) est un fluide à refroidir à haute pression et haute température et le second fluide BP (pour Basse Pression) est un fluide à basse pression et basse température destiné à absorber la chaleur du premier fluide HP.In the embodiment described, the first fluid HP (for High Pressure) is a fluid to be cooled at high pressure and high temperature and the second fluid LP (for Low Pressure) is a fluid at low pressure and low temperature intended to absorb the heat of the first HP fluid.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, l'échangeur 1 comporte un boîtier 3 comportant un corps de boîtier 3a et un couvercle 3b fixé au corps de boîtier 3a. À cet effet, le corps de boîtier 3a présente une pluralité de pattes d'accrochage 5 serrées sur le couvercle 3b une fois l'échangeur 1 assemblé. Le corps 3a est réalisé par un procédé d'emboutissage. La pluralité de pattes d'accrochage 5 déborde d'un bord circonférentiel. A l'opposé des pattes d'accrochage 5 par rapport au bord circonférentiel, le corps 3a est fermé par un fond au travers duquel passe un orifice d'introduction et un orifice d'évacuation. Les pattes d'accrochage 5, le bord circonférentiel et le fond sont unitaires, en ce sens qu'ils sont réalisés à partir d'un même feuillard. Le volume délimité par le bord circonférentiel et le fond délimitent un espace qui reçoit des modules 15 empilés à plat dans cet espace.According to a first embodiment illustrated in the figures 1 and 2 , the exchanger 1 comprises a housing 3 comprising a housing body 3a and a cover 3b fixed to the housing body 3a. To this end, the housing body 3a has a plurality of hooking lugs 5 tightened on the lid 3b once the heat exchanger 1 is assembled. The body 3a is produced by a stamping process. The plurality of attachment lugs 5 projects beyond a circumferential edge. Opposite the attachment lugs 5 with respect to the circumferential edge, the body 3a is closed by a bottom through which passes an introduction orifice and an evacuation orifice. The hooking lugs 5, the circumferential edge and the bottom are unitary, in the sense that they are made from the same strip. The volume delimited by the circumferential edge and the bottom delimit a space which receives modules 15 stacked flat in this space.

De plus, le boîtier 3 présente des orifices d'introduction pour le premier HP et le second BP fluides, et des orifices d'évacuation pour le premier HP et le second BP fluides. Par exemple, le corps de boîtier 3a comporte un orifice d'introduction 7 pour le premier fluide HP et un orifice d'évacuation 9 pour le second fluide BP, et le couvercle 3b comporte un orifice d'introduction 11 pour le second fluide BP et un orifice d'évacuation 13 pour le premier fluide HP.In addition, the housing 3 has introduction orifices for the first HP and the second LP fluids, and discharge orifices for the first HP and the second LP fluids. For example, the housing body 3a comprises an introduction orifice 7 for the first HP fluid and an evacuation orifice 9 for the second LP fluid, and the cover 3b comprises an introduction orifice 11 for the second LP fluid and an evacuation orifice 13 for the first HP fluid.

Les orifices d'introduction 7 et d'évacuation 13 du premier fluide HP sont reliés de façon étanche à un circuit d'alimentation (non représenté) du premier fluide HP. De même, les orifices d'introduction 11 et d'évacuation 9 du second fluide BP sont reliés de façon étanche à un circuit d'alimentation (non représenté) du second fluide BP.The inlet 7 and outlet 13 orifices for the first HP fluid are connected in sealed manner to a supply circuit (not shown) for the first HP fluid. Similarly, the orifices for introduction 11 and evacuation 9 of the second fluid BP are connected in a sealed manner to a supply circuit (not shown) for the second fluid BP.

Le boîtier 3, et plus particulièrement le corps 3a du boîtier, loge une pluralité de modules 15 sensiblement identiques superposés dans le boîtier 3 et fixés dans le boîtier 3 par exemple par brasage.The casing 3, and more particularly the body 3a of the casing, houses a plurality of substantially identical modules 15 superposed in the casing 3 and fixed in the casing 3 for example by soldering.

En se référant à l'exemple de la figure 1, trois modules 15 sont assemblés dans le boîtier 3 :

  • un module inférieur 15a disposé au fond du boîtier 3,
  • un module supérieur 15b disposé sur le dessus et
  • un module intermédiaire 15c entre les modules inférieur 15a et supérieur 15b.
Referring to the example of the figure 1 , three modules 15 are assembled in the housing 3:
  • a lower module 15a disposed at the bottom of the case 3,
  • an upper module 15b disposed on top and
  • an intermediate module 15c between the lower 15a and upper 15b modules.

Bien entendu, on peut disposer plusieurs modules intermédiaires 15c entre les modules inférieur 15a et supérieur 15b.Of course, several intermediate modules 15c can be arranged between the lower 15a and upper 15b modules.

Un module 15 comporte une plaque supérieure 17 et une plaque inférieure 19 représentées plus en détail sur la figure 3. Les plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 sont par exemple des plaques métalliques de forme générale sensiblement parallélépipédique qui présentent une faible épaisseur comprise entre 0.5 et 1.5 mm. A l'angle du petit côté (ci-après bord 39) et du grand côté de la forme parallélépipédique des plaques est présent une excroissance qui s'étend dans le même plan que la plaque. Cette excroissance présente un contour arrondi et supporte des portions de raccordement 27a et 27b (à chaque extrémité mais dans la diagonale de la plaque). A côté de cette excroissance et sur le reste du petit côté ou bord 39, on constate que le contour de la plaque est incliné en direction des orifices placés sue le bord opposé. Cela constitue une encoche dont la fonction est de distribuer le fluide dans les espaces entre les modules 15. Quand les modules inférieur 15a, supérieur 15b et intermédiaire 15c sont logés dans le corps 3a, les contours inclinés délimitent, avec la paroi interne du corps 3a et le couvercle 3b, une chambre d'admission dédiée au fluide basse pression BP. L'existence du contour incliné permet de dégager un volume suffisant pour que l'orifice d'introduction 11 ne soit pas obstrué par le module supérieur 15b.A module 15 comprises an upper plate 17 and a lower plate 19 shown in more detail on the picture 3 . The upper 17 and lower 19 plates are, for example, metal plates of substantially parallelepipedic general shape which have a small thickness of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. At the angle of the short side (hereafter edge 39) and the long side of the parallelepipedic shape of the plates there is a protrusion which extends in the same plane as the plate. This protrusion has a rounded outline and supports connecting portions 27a and 27b (at each end but diagonally across the plate). Next to this protuberance and on the rest of the small side or edge 39, it is noted that the contour of the plate is inclined in the direction of the orifices placed on the opposite edge. This constitutes a notch whose function is to distribute the fluid in the spaces between the modules 15. When the lower 15a, upper 15b and intermediate 15c modules are housed in the body 3a, the inclined contours delimit, with the internal wall of the body 3a and the cover 3b, an admission chamber dedicated to the low pressure fluid BP. The existence of the inclined contour makes it possible to release a sufficient volume so that the introduction orifice 11 is not obstructed by the upper module 15b.

Ces plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 sont assemblées en définissant entre elles une cavité intérieure 21 (figure 1). Pour cela, le contour 23 des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 (figure 3) peut être surélevé par rapport à l'intérieur de la plaque concernée. Les contours surélevés 23 de deux plaques supérieure 17 et inférieure 19 sont alors accolés de manière à définir la cavité intérieure 21 (figure 1).These upper 17 and lower 19 plates are assembled defining between them an internal cavity 21 ( figure 1 ). For this, the outline 23 of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates ( picture 3 ) may be raised relative to the interior of the plate concerned. The raised contours 23 of two upper 17 and lower 19 plates are then joined so as to define the interior cavity 21 ( figure 1 ).

Alternativement, seul une des deux plaques (inférieure ou supérieure) d'un même module peut comporter un contour surélevé, permettant ainsi de délimiter la cavité intérieure 21.Alternatively, only one of the two plates (lower or upper) of the same module can include a raised contour, thus making it possible to delimit the interior cavity 21.

Cette cavité intérieure 21 forme un premier canal de circulation du premier fluide HP. Dans cet exemple avec trois modules 15, l'échangeur 1 comporte donc trois premiers canaux. Les premiers canaux ainsi formés sont parallèles entre eux, et présentent par exemple une hauteur de 1 à 1.5 mm.This interior cavity 21 forms a first circulation channel for the first HP fluid. In this example with three modules 15, the exchanger 1 therefore comprises three first channels. The first channels thus formed are parallel to each other, and have for example a height of 1 to 1.5 mm.

Des ailettes 25 peuvent être disposées dans ces premiers canaux pour améliorer l'échange thermique. Ces ailettes prennent la forme d'une plaque turbulatrice pliée en accordéon.Fins 25 can be arranged in these first channels to improve heat exchange. These fins take the form of an accordion-folded turbulent plate.

En outre, l'échangeur 1 est assemblé par l'intermédiaire de portions de raccordement sur le boîtier 3 et sur les modules 15. Ces portions de raccordement permettent d'assembler les modules 15 entre eux et avec le boîtier 3 en coopérant avec des portions de raccordement adjacentes associées d'un module 15 voisin ou du boîtier 3.In addition, the exchanger 1 is assembled by means of connection portions on the casing 3 and on the modules 15. These connection portions make it possible to assemble the modules 15 between them and with the casing 3 by cooperating with portions associated adjacent connection of a neighboring module 15 or of the box 3.

Plus précisément,

  • le fond du corps de boîtier 3a en contact avec le module inférieur 15a présente au moins une portion de raccordement 27 (figure 1),
  • le couvercle 3b en contact avec le module supérieur 15b présente également au moins une portion de raccordement 27 (figure 2), et
  • chaque module 15 présente au moins une portion de raccordement 27, plus précisément, chaque plaque supérieure 17 et chaque plaque inférieure 19 comporte au moins une portion de raccordement 27a et 27b respectivement placée à chaque extrémité de la plaque, au niveau de l'excroissance présente sur le petit côté de cette dernière (figure 3).
More precisely,
  • the bottom of the housing body 3a in contact with the lower module 15a has at least one connection portion 27 ( figure 1 ),
  • the cover 3b in contact with the upper module 15b also has at least one connection portion 27 ( figure 2 ), and
  • each module 15 has at least one connection portion 27, more precisely, each upper plate 17 and each lower plate 19 comprises at least one connection portion 27a and 27b respectively placed at each end of the plate, at the level of the protrusion present on the short side of the latter ( picture 3 ).

Dans l'exemple illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, le fond du corps de boîtier 3a et le couvercle 3b comportent respectivement une portion de raccordement 27. Ces portions de raccordement 27 comportent respectivement l'orifice d'introduction 7 du premier fluide HP, et l'orifice d'évacuation 13 du premier fluide HP. Les plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 comportent quant à elles une première portion de raccordement 27a et une seconde portion de raccordement 27b (figure 3).In the example shown on the figures 1 and 2 , the bottom of the housing body 3a and the cover 3b respectively comprise a connection portion 27. These connection portions 27 respectively comprise the introduction orifice 7 of the first fluid HP, and the discharge orifice 13 of the first fluid HP. Top plates 17 and lower 19 have a first connection portion 27a and a second connection portion 27b ( picture 3 ).

Comme on le constate sur les figures 1 et 2, les premières portions de raccordement 27a des modules 15 sont alignées entre elles et avec la portion de raccordement 27 du corps de boîtier 3a. De même, les secondes portions de raccordement 27b des modules 15 sont alignées entre elles et avec la portion de raccordement 27 du couvercle 3b.As can be seen on the figures 1 and 2 , the first connection portions 27a of the modules 15 are aligned with each other and with the connection portion 27 of the housing body 3a. Similarly, the second connection portions 27b of the modules 15 are aligned with each other and with the connection portion 27 of the cover 3b.

Ainsi,

  • la portion de raccordement 27 du corps de boîtier 3a coopère avec une portion de raccordement 27a associée de la plaque inférieure 19 du module inférieur 15a,
  • les portions de raccordement 27a et 27b de la plaque supérieure 17 du module inférieur 15a coopèrent avec les portions de raccordement 27a et 27b associées de la plaque inférieure 19 du module intermédiaire 15c,
  • les portions de raccordement 27a et 27b de la plaque supérieure 17 du module intermédiaire 15c coopèrent avec les portions de raccordement 27a et 27b associées de la plaque inférieure 19 du module supérieur 15b, et
  • une portion de raccordement 27b de la plaque supérieure 17 du module supérieur 15b coopère avec la portion de raccordement 27 associée du couvercle 3b.
Thereby,
  • the connection portion 27 of the housing body 3a cooperates with an associated connection portion 27a of the lower plate 19 of the lower module 15a,
  • the connection portions 27a and 27b of the upper plate 17 of the lower module 15a cooperate with the associated connection portions 27a and 27b of the lower plate 19 of the intermediate module 15c,
  • the connection portions 27a and 27b of the upper plate 17 of the intermediate module 15c cooperate with the associated connection portions 27a and 27b of the lower plate 19 of the upper module 15b, and
  • a connection portion 27b of the upper plate 17 of the upper module 15b cooperates with the associated connection portion 27 of the cover 3b.

En outre, les portions de raccordement 27a et 27b des modules 15 présentent également des orifices ou trous pour le passage du premier fluide HP.In addition, the connection portions 27a and 27b of the modules 15 also have orifices or holes for the passage of the first HP fluid.

Ainsi, les orifices des premières portions de raccordement 27a communiquent entre eux et avec l'orifice d'introduction 7 du premier fluide HP. On définit ainsi un canal d'introduction du premier fluide HP.Thus, the orifices of the first connection portions 27a communicate with each other and with the introduction orifice 7 of the first HP fluid. A channel for introducing the first HP fluid is thus defined.

De façon similaire, les orifices des secondes portions de raccordement 27b communiquent entre eux et avec l'orifice d'évacuation 13 du premier fluide HP. On définit ainsi un canal d'évacuation du premier fluide HP.Similarly, the orifices of the second connection portions 27b communicate with each other and with the discharge orifice 13 of the first HP fluid. A channel for discharging the first HP fluid is thus defined.

Bien entendu, les portions de raccordement 27, 27a et 27b coopèrent entre elles, par brasage par exemple, de façon étanche afin d'interdire toute fuite.Of course, the connection portions 27, 27a and 27b cooperate with each other, by brazing for example, in a sealed manner in order to prevent any leakage.

En outre, pour favoriser la circulation du premier fluide HP dans les premiers canaux avant son évacuation, les première 27a et seconde 27b portions de raccordement d'une plaque 17, 19 peuvent être disposés de part et d'autre de la plaque supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 sur une diagonale commune de la plaque concernée, représentée en pointillés sur la figure 3.In addition, to promote the circulation of the first HP fluid in the first channels before its evacuation, the first 27a and second 27b connection portions of a plate 17, 19 can be arranged on either side of the upper 17 and lower 19 plate on a common diagonal of the plate concerned, shown in dotted lines on the picture 3 .

De plus, afin d'améliorer la circulation du premier fluide HP, on peut également prévoir que les portions de raccordement 27a et 27b forment des creux sur les surfaces internes 29 en vis-à-vis des plaques supérieure 17 et inférieure 19.In addition, in order to improve the circulation of the first HP fluid, provision can also be made for the connection portions 27a and 27b to form hollows on the internal surfaces 29 facing the upper 17 and lower 19 plates.

Par ailleurs dans l'exemple illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, la portion de raccordement 27 du corps de boîtier 3a forme une bosse par rapport à la surface du corps de boîtier 3a en vis-à-vis avec le module inférieur 15a. De même, la portion de raccordement 27 du couvercle 3b forme une bosse par rapport à la surface du couvercle 3b en vis-à-vis avec le module supérieur 15b. Et, les portions de raccordement 27a et 27b des modules 15 forment des bosses sur les surfaces externes 31 des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19.Moreover, in the example illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 , the connection portion 27 of the housing body 3a forms a bump relative to the surface of the housing body 3a facing the lower module 15a. Similarly, the connection portion 27 of the cover 3b forms a bump relative to the surface of the cover 3b facing the upper module 15b. And, the connecting portions 27a and 27b of the modules 15 form bumps on the outer surfaces 31 of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates.

Les bosses formées s'étendent respectivement vers les portions de raccordement 27,27a ou 27b adjacentes associées.The bumps formed extend respectively towards the associated adjacent connecting portions 27, 27a or 27b.

Ainsi, une fois les modules 15 assemblés dans le boîtier 3, les bosses des portions de raccordement 27, 27a et 27b permettent de définir des espaces 33 entre un ou plusieurs modules 15c consécutifs et entre le module inférieur 15a, respectivement supérieur 15b, et le fond du corps de boîtier 3a, respectivement le couvercle 3b.Thus, once the modules 15 are assembled in the housing 3, the bumps of the connection portions 27, 27a and 27b make it possible to define spaces 33 between one or more consecutive modules 15c and between the lower module 15a, respectively upper 15b, and the bottom of the case body 3a, respectively the cover 3b.

Ces espaces 33 ainsi délimités forment des seconds canaux de circulation du second fluide BP parallèles entre eux avec une hauteur pouvant être comprise entre 2 et 4 mm. Dans cet exemple, l'échangeur 1 présente quatre seconds canaux.These spaces 33 thus delimited form second circulation channels for the second LP fluid parallel to each other with a height which may be between 2 and 4 mm. In this example, exchanger 1 has four second channels.

Les seconds canaux sont donc situés au-dessus et au-dessous des premiers canaux pour optimiser l'échange thermique entre les deux fluides HP / BP.The second channels are therefore located above and below the first channels to optimize the heat exchange between the two HP/LP fluids.

Ainsi, avec un nombre réduit de modules 15, ici trois modules 15, on obtient plusieurs premiers et seconds canaux, ici trois premiers canaux et quatre seconds canaux. On limite ainsi les coûts de production et l'encombrement de l'échangeur 1.Thus, with a reduced number of modules 15, here three modules 15, several first and second channels are obtained, here three first channels and four second channels. This limits the production costs and the size of the exchanger 1.

On peut prévoir en outre des ailettes 35, ou plaques perturbatrices, dans les espaces 33 pour augmenter la surface d'échange thermique et la performance thermique.It is also possible to provide fins 35, or disturbing plates, in the spaces 33 to increase the heat exchange surface and the thermal performance.

De plus, les seconds canaux sont également parallèles aux premiers canaux de sorte que les deux fluides HP et BP circulent selon deux directions parallèles.In addition, the second channels are also parallel to the first channels of so that the two HP and LP fluids circulate in two parallel directions.

Dans cet échangeur (figures 1,2) l'orifice d'introduction 11 du second fluide BP étant au niveau de l'orifice d'évacuation 13 du premier fluide HP et l'orifice d'évacuation 9 du second fluide BP étant au niveau de l'orifice d'introduction 7 du premier fluide HP, les deux fluides HP et BP circulent à contre-courant. La circulation à contre-courant permet de réduire les écarts de température en sortie de l'échangeur 1 et ainsi d'optimiser encore les performances de l'échangeur 1.In this interchange ( figs 1,2 ) the introduction orifice 11 of the second BP fluid being at the level of the evacuation orifice 13 of the first HP fluid and the evacuation orifice 9 of the second BP fluid being at the level of the introduction orifice 7 of the first HP fluid, the two HP and LP fluids circulate in counter-current. Counter-current circulation makes it possible to reduce the temperature differences at the outlet of exchanger 1 and thus to further optimize the performance of exchanger 1.

Bien entendu, la circulation des deux fluides HP et BP peut se faire dans le même sens, pour une circulation à co-courant.Of course, the circulation of the two HP and LP fluids can take place in the same direction, for co-current circulation.

Afin d'améliorer le maintien des différents modules 15, on peut prévoir des portions de maintien supplémentaires 37 (figures 2 et 3) sur les plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 . Par exemple, ces portions supplémentaires 37 sont disposées à côté des portions de raccordement 27a et/ou 27b avec les même caractéristiques de creux sur les surfaces internes 29 et bosses sur les surfaces externes 31 des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 et avec une taille plus réduite par rapport aux portions de raccordement 27a et 27b. Ces portions de maintien supplémentaires 37 présentent un fonction supplémentaire en ce qu'elles interdisent tous déplacements des ailettes 35 présentent dans les espaces 33.In order to improve the holding of the various modules 15, additional holding portions 37 ( figure 2 and 3 ) on the upper 17 and lower 19 plates. For example, these additional portions 37 are arranged next to the connection portions 27a and/or 27b with the same characteristics of hollows on the internal surfaces 29 and bumps on the external surfaces 31 of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates and with a larger size. reduced compared to the connection portions 27a and 27b. These additional holding portions 37 have an additional function in that they prevent any movement of the fins 35 present in the spaces 33.

Par ailleurs, chaque plaque supérieure 17 et inférieure 19 peut présenter deux encoches respectivement ménagées sur deux bords opposés 39 de la plaque 17 ou 19 pour améliorer la distribution du second fluide BP dans les différents seconds canaux.Furthermore, each upper 17 and lower 19 plate may have two notches formed respectively on two opposite edges 39 of the plate 17 or 19 to improve the distribution of the second fluid LP in the various second channels.

On améliore ainsi les performances d'échange thermique en gardant une forme relativement simple des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 formant les modules 15.The heat exchange performance is thus improved by keeping a relatively simple shape of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates forming the modules 15.

Ainsi, le procédé d'assemblage d'un échangeur 1 tel que décrit précédemment comprend les étapes suivantes :

  • on dépose un placage de brasure sur les surfaces à assembler, à titre d'exemple sur les surfaces internes 29 des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 pour former des modules 15, et sur les surfaces externes 31 des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 et la surface interne du boîtier 3 pour relier les modules 15 au boîtier 3, alternativement le placage de brasure peut être unitaire avec le feuillard d'aluminium dont sont issues les plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19, le corps 3a et le couvercle 3b,
  • on introduit alternativement des plaques supérieures 17 et des plaques inférieures 19 dans le corps de boîtier 3a, en disposant entre chaque plaque supérieurs/inférieure une plaque perturbatrice 35 ou 25,
  • on fixe le couvercle 3b au-dessus des modules 15 formés par les plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19, sur le corps de boîtier 3a, par serrage des pattes d'accrochage 5 du corps de boîtier 3a sur le couvercle 3b de sorte à exercer un pression sur les modules 15, et
  • on solidarise l'ensemble formé par le boîtier 3 et les modules 15 par brasage.
Thus, the method of assembling an exchanger 1 as described above comprises the following steps:
  • a solder plating is deposited on the surfaces to be assembled, for example on the internal surfaces 29 of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates to form modules 15, and on the external surfaces 31 of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates and the inner surface of box 3 for connecting modules 15 to box 3, alternatively, the solder plating may be unitary with the aluminum strip from which the upper 17 and lower 19 plates, the body 3a and the cover 3b come,
  • upper plates 17 and lower plates 19 are alternately introduced into the housing body 3a, placing between each upper/lower plate a disturbing plate 35 or 25,
  • the cover 3b is fixed above the modules 15 formed by the upper 17 and lower 19 plates, on the case body 3a, by tightening the hooking lugs 5 of the case body 3a on the cover 3b so as to exert a pressure on modules 15, and
  • the assembly formed by the housing 3 and the modules 15 is secured by brazing.

Le boîtier 3 assure un guidage et un empilement des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 durant ce procédé d'assemblage qui permet un assemblage rapide de l'échangeur et qui peut être facilement automatisé.The box 3 provides guidance and stacking of the upper 17 and lower 19 plates during this assembly process which allows rapid assembly of the exchanger and which can be easily automated.

Selon une alternative représentée sur la figure 4, l'échangeur 1 diffère du premier mode de réalisation précédemment décrit par le fait que le boîtier 3 est réalisé sous la forme de deux demi-boîtiers 3' et 3".According to an alternative represented on the figure 4 , the exchanger 1 differs from the first embodiment described above in that the housing 3 is made in the form of two half-housings 3' and 3".

Selon ce second mode de réalisation, chaque demi-boîtier 3', 3" respectivement en contact avec les modules inférieur 15a et supérieur 15b, comporte une portion de raccordement 27. Les modules 15 restent identiques par rapport au premier mode de réalisation précédemment décrit.According to this second embodiment, each half-box 3', 3" respectively in contact with the lower 15a and upper 15b modules comprises a connection portion 27. The modules 15 remain identical with respect to the first embodiment previously described.

Concernant le procédé d'assemblage, les deux demi-boîtiers 3',3" sont fixés par exemple par brasage au niveau d'une jonction 41 entre les deux demi-boîtiers 3',3" pour garantir l'étanchéité du boîtier 3.Regarding the assembly process, the two half-housings 3',3" are fixed for example by brazing at a junction 41 between the two half-housings 3',3" to guarantee the tightness of the housing 3.

Ainsi, une telle structure de l'échangeur 1 permet de limiter l'encombrement de l'échangeur 1 avec des plaques supérieures 17 et inférieures 19 de faible épaisseur et un nombre réduit de composants, tout en garantissant de bonnes performances d'échange thermique.Thus, such a structure of the exchanger 1 makes it possible to limit the size of the exchanger 1 with thin upper 17 and lower 19 plates and a reduced number of components, while guaranteeing good heat exchange performance.

De plus, les modules 15 comportant les premiers canaux étant assemblés dans le boîtier 3 avec des espaces 33 délimitant des seconds canaux à la fois au-dessus et au-dessous de ces premiers canaux, les risques de fuite sont minimisés.Moreover, the modules 15 comprising the first channels being assembled in the casing 3 with spaces 33 delimiting the second channels both above and below of these first channels, the risks of leakage are minimized.

Enfin, un tel échangeur 1 convient particulièrement à une utilisation au sein d'une boucle de climatisation pour véhicule automobile comprenant un condenseur ou refroidisseur de gaz, un organe de détente, un évaporateur et un compresseur parcourus dans cet ordre par un fluide réfrigérant. Cette boucle de climatisation comprend une branche haute pression qui débute en sortie de compresseur et se termine en entrée de l'organe de détente, et une branche basse pression qui débute en sortie de l'organe de détente et se termine en entrée du compresseur. Dans ce cas, l'échangeur est utilisé en tant qu'échangeur interne, c'est-à-dire une échangeur traversé par le fluide réfrigérant à haute pression et haute température qui circule dans les premiers canaux et traversé par le même fluide réfrigérant à basse pression et basse température qui circule dans les seconds canaux.Finally, such an exchanger 1 is particularly suitable for use within an air conditioning loop for a motor vehicle comprising a gas condenser or cooler, an expansion member, an evaporator and a compressor through which a refrigerant fluid flows in this order. This air conditioning loop comprises a high pressure branch which begins at the compressor outlet and ends at the input of the expansion member, and a low pressure branch which begins at the output of the expansion member and ends at the compressor inlet. In this case, the exchanger is used as an internal exchanger, that is to say an exchanger through which the refrigerant at high pressure and high temperature passes which circulates in the first channels and through which the same refrigerant passes. low pressure and low temperature which circulates in the second channels.

Claims (10)

  1. Use of a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a first fluid (HP) and a second fluid (BP):
    - said exchanger having a housing (3) inside which is disposed a plurality of modules (15, 15a, 15b, 15c) respectively comprising an upper plate (17) and a lower plate (19) that are joined so as to define between said plates (17, 19) an inner cavity (21) forming a first circulation channel for the first fluid (HP), a protuberance which extends in the same plane as the plate is present at the corner where the small side (39) and the large side of the parallelepipedal form of the plates (17, 19) meet,
    - at least a second circulation channel for the second fluid (BP) being delimited by the housing (3) and a space (33) between said modules, characterized in that the heat exchanger is used as an internal exchanger and is positioned within an air conditioning loop so as to exchange heat between a high-pressure branch and a low-pressure branch of said loop,
    - wherein, at the side of this protuberance and over the rest of the small side (39), it will be noted that the contour of the plate is inclined in the direction of orifices positioned on the opposite edge, such that it delimits, with the internal wall of the housing, an intake chamber dedicated to the low-pressure fluid (BP).
  2. Use according to Claim 1, characterized in that:
    - the upper plate (17) and lower plate (19) of a module (15, 15a, 15b, 15c) respectively have at least one attachment portion (27a, 27b) interacting with an associated adjacent attachment portion (27, 27a, 27b) of a contiguous module (15, 15a, 15b, 15c) or of the housing (3), and in that
    - said attachment portions (27a, 27b) form bosses on the external surfaces (31) of the upper plate (17) and lower plate (19), said bosses extending respectively towards the associated adjacent attachment portions (27, 27a, 27b).
  3. Use according to Claim 2, characterized in that said attachment portions (27a, 27b) form recesses in the internal surfaces (29) facing the upper plate (17) and lower plate (19) that form a module (15, 15a, 15b, 15c).
  4. Use according to either of Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that:
    - a predetermined number of attachment portions (27a, 27b) are aligned with an attachment portion (27) of the housing having an introduction orifice (7)/discharge orifice (13) for the first fluid (HP), and in that
    - said aligned attachment portions (27a, 27b) respectively have an orifice, all of said orifices communicating with one another so as to define an introduction/discharge channel for the first fluid (HP).
  5. Use according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said plates (17, 19) respectively have two attachment portions (27a, 27b) disposed on either side of said plate (17, 19) on a common diagonal of said plate (17, 19).
  6. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said plates (17, 19) respectively have a parallelepipedal overall shape with two notches respectively made in two opposite edges (39) of said plate (17, 19).
  7. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the housing (3) has an introduction orifice (11) for the second fluid (BP) at the level of the discharge orifice (13) for the first fluid (HP), and a discharge orifice (9) for the second fluid (BP) at the level of the introduction orifice (7) for the first fluid (HP), for the first fluid (HP) and second fluid (BP) to circulate in countercurrent.
  8. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the housing has a body (3a) of the housing (3) in which said modules (15, 15a, 15b, 15c) are stacked, said body being closed by a cover (3b) disposed above said modules (15, 15a, 15b, 15c) and secured to the body (3a) via attachment tabs (5).
  9. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the housing (3) is realized in the form of two joined half-housings (3', 3").
  10. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger has fins (25, 35) disposed in the inner cavity (21) that delimits the first circulation channel and/or in the space (33) defined between said modules that delimits the second circulation channel.
EP10747858.8A 2009-08-31 2010-08-31 Heat exchanger Active EP2473809B1 (en)

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FR0904125A FR2949554B1 (en) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 HEAT EXCHANGER
PCT/EP2010/062699 WO2011023825A1 (en) 2009-08-31 2010-08-31 Heat exchanger

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US20120247145A1 (en) 2012-10-04
EP2473809A1 (en) 2012-07-11
WO2011023825A1 (en) 2011-03-03
CN102597680B (en) 2014-06-11
FR2949554A1 (en) 2011-03-04
FR2949554B1 (en) 2012-08-31
CN102597680A (en) 2012-07-18
US9494369B2 (en) 2016-11-15

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