EP2458693B1 - Slip ring unit - Google Patents
Slip ring unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2458693B1 EP2458693B1 EP11009084.2A EP11009084A EP2458693B1 EP 2458693 B1 EP2458693 B1 EP 2458693B1 EP 11009084 A EP11009084 A EP 11009084A EP 2458693 B1 EP2458693 B1 EP 2458693B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slip
- ring unit
- bearing
- brush element
- unit according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/08—Slip-rings
- H01R39/10—Slip-rings other than with external cylindrical contact surface, e.g. flat slip-rings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
Definitions
- the invention relates to a slip ring unit for transmitting electrical currents between two relatively rotatable component groups, according to claim 1.
- Slip ring units usually consist of two component groups, namely a stator and a rotor.
- the stator often comprises brush elements, whereas the rotor usually has a plurality of concentric slip rings. In operation, the brush elements have sliding contact with the rotating slip rings.
- the construction, in which the relatively rotatable component groups are arranged with axial decency to each other, is often referred to as Tellerschleifring-construction.
- Such slip ring units are used in many technical fields to transmit electrical signals or electrical power from a stationary to a rotating electrical unit.
- corresponding slip ring units are used in robots where control signals and electrical drive power must be transmitted between relatively rotating units.
- the EP 0 967 696 A2 shows a slip ring unit according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a slip ring unit for transmitting signals and electrical power is shown.
- cantilevered resilient pairs of contacts are used, which are arranged tangentially opposite to each other and produce a sliding contact with contact rings.
- the invention has for its object to provide a slip ring unit which operates reliably, only a comparatively small space and claimed is easy to produce.
- the slip ring assembly includes first and second component groups rotatably disposed about an axis relative to one another, the slip ring assembly being adapted to transmit electrical currents or signals between the two component groups over multiple revolutions.
- the first component group comprises a holder on which at least one brush element is fixed at two bearing points.
- the second component group has at least one closed circumferential slip ring.
- the holder is arranged at an axial distance from the slip ring and the slip ring is contacted by the brush element at a contacting point during operation.
- the slip ring unit is now configured so that along the course of the brush element, the contact point between the bearing points is arranged and the contacting point is arranged in radial offset to a line which connects the bearing points.
- bearings are those places to understand where the brush element is supported on the holder in terms of a support for the basics of engineering mechanics. Accordingly, reaction forces and / or reaction moments are supported at the bearing points to the impressed on the brush element forces.
- the bearings can be reduced to a geometric point for idealization. If the contact point is not punctiform here can be the center or the Focusing the surface of the contacting are used for the considerations.
- electrical currents are to be understood as currents which are required for the transmission of electrical power but also currents which are designed as signals and serve only for the transmission of information.
- the brush elements of the slip ring unit according to the invention are advantageously suitable or intended for signal transmission.
- the slip ring unit has a plurality of brush elements each having identical geometry.
- the slip ring unit may be configured such that the fixing or fixation of the brush element at the bearing points is designed in such a way that a reaction moment about the line connecting the bearing points can be transmitted by this fixing.
- a corresponding storage at this bearing point can be understood as a bivalent storage.
- the determination at the bearing points is designed such that these radially and tangentially oriented reaction forces are transferable to the holder.
- the determination can be configured at one of the bearing points such that the brush element is fixed rigidly relative to the holder at the respective bearing point.
- the slip ring unit can also be designed so that the determination is designed to be rigid at both bearings.
- the determination can be configured on at least one of the bearing points such that the brush element is fixed axially displaceable relative to the holder at the respective bearing point.
- an angle between a connecting line, which connects the contacting point with the one bearing point, and a connecting line, which connects the contact point with the other bearing point less than 180 °, in particular less than 150 °, advantageously less than 100 °.
- the slip ring unit can be constructed so that it has a plurality of brush elements, in which case the contacting points of the brush elements along a, in particular radially oriented, line are arranged, and / or the bearing points of the brush elements along a, in particular tangentially oriented, line are arranged.
- the brush element may have a round cross section.
- the brush element can be made of a round material, such as a wire, so that the brush element can also be referred to as a wire bow. If such a brush element only locally limited has a cross section which differs from the circular geometry, can still be spoken of a brush element with a round cross-section.
- the brush element in particular for optimizing its spring properties, may have a taper.
- the taper has a course along a line, wherein the line is oriented a direction component parallel to the line connecting the bearings. Accordingly, the bending resistance to bending moments, which are introduced by axial forces in the contact point, can be reduced.
- a corresponding taper can, for example, be produced by a non-cutting deformation, for example by pressing or by a plastic deformation at a location of the brush element, so that the material of the brush element is displaced and the absolute size of the cross-sectional area, which is measured approximately in mm 2 , not changed or reduced in itself. This is particularly advantageous since the current to be transmitted may be limited by the absolute size of the cross-sectional area.
- the rejuvenation also advantageously has a course that is oriented orthogonal to the axis.
- the slip ring unit comprises a first group of components 1, which can serve as a stator, for example, and a second group of components 2, which can act as a rotor, for example.
- the slip ring unit serves to transmit electrical currents between the first component group 1 and the second component group 2, wherein the component groups 1, 2 are arranged rotatable relative to one another about an axis A. Electric currents are streams that are meant for transmission Electric power is required, but also currents which are designed as signals and are used only for the transmission of information.
- the second component group 2 comprises an annular disc 2.1, which is configured in the present example as a printed circuit board with a circular outer contour.
- annular disc 2.1 On one side of the annular disc 2.1 a plurality of concentric to the axis A arranged slip rings 2.2, 2.3 are applied, which are configured circumferentially closed over 360 °, so that through the slip ring unit transmission of electrical currents with unlimited rotation angle, so over any number of revolutions away reachable is.
- the slip rings 2.2, 2.3 each consist of a noble metal layer which is applied to an electrically conductive intermediate layer or directly to the printed circuit board material of the annular disk 2.1.
- radially outer slip rings 2.2 which have a smaller ring width or form a narrower track, are used for the transmission of electrical signals, ie for the transmission of currents with very low amperage.
- the slip rings 2.2 with the smaller ring width are designed so that these, due to the choice of materials and the design of the cross section, have an electrical resistance of less than 10 ⁇ / m, in particular less than 1 ⁇ / m.
- the figures omit the illustration of electrical lines which are provided on the slip ring 2.2, 2.3 opposite side of the annular disc 2.1 and are electrically connected to the slip rings 2.2, 2.3 by means of through-contacting.
- the first component group 1 has a holder 1.1, which is also designed as a circuit board.
- the holder 1.1 is arranged at an axial distance a to the slip rings 2.2, 2.3.
- slip ring units are often referred to as Tellerschleifringe or pan-cake slip rings.
- Either the holder 1.1 and the annular disc 2.1 are fastened to relatively rotatable machine parts whose relative arrangement defines the distance a.
- Such machine parts can naturally assume changing directions of rotation in operation and vibrate or initiate shocks in the slip ring unit.
- the axial distance a may be subject to changes in time, albeit only to a limited extent.
- the four radially inner brush elements 1.3 are made of a flat material by means of a punching-bending process and serve for the transmission of electrical power.
- the other brush elements 1.2 are bent from a wire, which in the presented embodiment has a copper core and is coated with precious metal, wherein the coating can be carried out selectively only in the region of the contact point X or over the entire length of the brush element 1.2.
- These brush elements 1.2 are intended for signal transmission and designed to be identical within a slip ring unit, so that they accordingly each have an identical geometry.
- connection points form bearings Y, Z, at each of which a brush element 1.2 is fixed to the holder 1.1.
- bearing point Z also a solder point 1.11 set, so that the respective brush element 1.2 is rigidly attached to the bearing Z relative to the holder 1.1 and is fixed with respect to all six degrees of freedom.
- no further fastening measure is taken at the other bearing Y, so that there is the respective brush element 1.2 relative to the holder 1.1 slidably fixed in the axial direction.
- the brush elements 1.2 for signal transmission as well as the brush elements 1.3 for transmitting the electrical power with conductors on the brush elements 1.2, 1.3 opposite side connected.
- connection cable On the representation of corresponding connection cable was omitted in the figures.
- the brush elements 1.2 for signal transmission the electrical connection to the rear conductor at the bearing point Z is ensured by the solder point 1.11 in conjunction with a via.
- no electrical contact is provided at the bearing Y.
- an axially movable electrical connection can be made at the bearing Y, so that the arrangement is optimized, for example, with respect to criteria of electromagnetic compatibility.
- the bearings Y, Z are connected to a line yz.
- the centers of the round cross section of the brush element 1.2 or the centers of the holes can be used by the holder 1.1 as geometric connection points.
- the brush elements are now designed and arranged in the slip ring unit such that the contacting point X is arranged in radial offset d to the line yz.
- the offset d is a part of the connection between the contact point X and the axis A.
- the definition or fixation of the respective brush element 1.2 is thus configured at both bearing points Y, Z such that a reaction moment about the line yz, which connects the bearing points Y, Z, can be transmitted by the latter. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the ends of the brush element 1.2 are inserted accurately into corresponding axial holes of the holder 1.1. Due to this construction, the determination of the respective brush element 1.2 at the bearings Y, Z also set up so that radially and tangentially oriented reaction forces from the brush element 1.2 to the holder 1.1 are transferable. The determination of the respective brush element 1.2 is finally designed at the bearing Z so that a reaction force in the axial direction can be transmitted by this.
- the brush element 1.2 touches the associated slip ring 2.2 at a contacting point X, which is arranged along the course of the brush element 1.2 between the two bearings Y, Z. In other words, starting from the first bearing Y following the course of the brush element 1.2, first the contacting point X is reached and then the second bearing Z.
- the connecting line xy connects the contacting point X with the bearing point Y, while the connecting line xz connects the contacting point X with the other bearing point Z.
- the brush elements 1.2 are bent so that in the presented embodiment between the geometrically assumed connecting lines xy, xz an angle ⁇ of about 115 ° is included.
- the second component group 2 rotates relative to the first component group 1.
- the brush elements 1.2, 1.3 and the corresponding slip rings 2.2, 2.3 Characterized in that the brush elements 1.2, which transmit electrical signals are fixed to the bearings Y, Z on both sides of the contact point X on the holder 1.1, in particular slip-stick effects are suppressed. Accordingly, it is thus ensured that the brush elements 1.2 contact the associated slip rings 2.2 without interruption, which is of great importance for secure signal transmission.
- a temporary lifting of the brush elements 1.2 can be effectively prevented by the slip rings 2.2.
- the radial offset d acts as a lever arm for introducing a bending moment about the connection line yz, so that a resilient bias of the brush elements 1.2 can be generated.
- the second embodiment according to the FIGS. 3a, 3b differs from the previous one in that the brush element 1.2 'has a taper 1.21'.
- This taper 1.21 ' was produced by a pressing process, wherein a pressing tool was applied so that the taper 1.21' in the installed state of the brush element 1.2 'along a line yz', which is oriented parallel to the line yz.
- the course of the taper 1.21 'thus orients itself to the course of the thinnest point within the taper 1.21' of the brush element 1.2 '.
- the taper 1.21 ' essentially serves to reduce the bending resistance of the brush element 1.2', which is decisive for the operation of the slip ring unit, by reducing the area moment of inertia in the area of the taper 1.21 '.
- the absolute cross-sectional area in mm 2 has not been reduced in the exemplary embodiment presented so that virtually no electrical losses with regard to the height of the transmittable current can be recorded.
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- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schleifringeinheit zum Übertragen von elektrischen Strömen zwischen zwei relativ zueinander drehbaren Bauteilgruppen, gemäß dem Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a slip ring unit for transmitting electrical currents between two relatively rotatable component groups, according to claim 1.
Schleifringeinheiten bestehen üblicherweise aus zwei Bauteilgruppen, nämlich einem Stator und einem Rotor. Der Stator umfasst häufig Bürstenelemente, wogegen der Rotor meist eine Mehrzahl von konzentrischen Schleifringen aufweist. Im Betrieb haben die Bürstenelemente gleitenden Kontakt zu den rotierenden Schleifringen. Die Bauweise, bei der die relativ zueinander drehbaren Bauteilgruppen mit axialem Anstand zueinander angeordnet sind, wird häufig als Tellerschleifring-Bauweise bezeichnet. Derartige Schleifringeinheiten werden in vielen technischen Gebieten eingesetzt, um elektrische Signale oder elektrische Leistung von einer ortsfesten auf eine sich drehende elektrische Einheit zu übertragen.Slip ring units usually consist of two component groups, namely a stator and a rotor. The stator often comprises brush elements, whereas the rotor usually has a plurality of concentric slip rings. In operation, the brush elements have sliding contact with the rotating slip rings. The construction, in which the relatively rotatable component groups are arranged with axial decency to each other, is often referred to as Tellerschleifring-construction. Such slip ring units are used in many technical fields to transmit electrical signals or electrical power from a stationary to a rotating electrical unit.
Beispielsweise werden entsprechende Schleifringeinheiten in Robotern eingesetzt, wo Steuersignale und elektrische Antriebsleistung zwischen relativ zueinander drehenden Baueinheiten übertragen werden müssen. Die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schleifringeinheit zu schaffen, welche zuverlässig arbeitet, nur einen vergleichsweise geringen Bauraum beansprucht und einfach herstellbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a slip ring unit which operates reliably, only a comparatively small space and claimed is easy to produce.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Demgemäß umfasst die Schleifringeinheit eine erste und eine zweite Bauteilgruppe, welche relativ zueinander um eine Achse drehbar angeordnet sind, wobei die Schleifringeinheit zum Übertragen von elektrischen Strömen oder Signalen zwischen den beiden Bauteilgruppen über mehrere Umdrehungen hinweg geeignet ist. Die erste Bauteilgruppe umfasst einen Halter, an dem zumindest ein Bürstenelement an zwei Lagerstellen festgelegt ist. Die zweite Bauteilgruppe weist zumindest einen geschlossenen umlaufenden Schleifring auf. Der Halter ist in axialem Abstand zum Schleifring angeordnet und der Schleifring wird von dem Bürstenelement an einer Kontaktierungsstelle im Betrieb schleifend kontaktiert. Die Schleifringeinheit ist nun so konfiguriert, dass entlang des Verlaufes des Bürstenelements die Kontaktierungsstelle zwischen den Lagerstellen angeordnet ist und die Kontaktierungsstelle in radialem Versatz zu einer Linie, welche die Lagerstellen verbindet, angeordnet ist.Accordingly, the slip ring assembly includes first and second component groups rotatably disposed about an axis relative to one another, the slip ring assembly being adapted to transmit electrical currents or signals between the two component groups over multiple revolutions. The first component group comprises a holder on which at least one brush element is fixed at two bearing points. The second component group has at least one closed circumferential slip ring. The holder is arranged at an axial distance from the slip ring and the slip ring is contacted by the brush element at a contacting point during operation. The slip ring unit is now configured so that along the course of the brush element, the contact point between the bearing points is arranged and the contacting point is arranged in radial offset to a line which connects the bearing points.
Als Lagerstellen sind diejenigen Orte zu verstehen, an denen das Bürstenelement am Halter im Sinne eines Auflagers nach den Grundlagen der technischen Mechanik abgestützt ist. Entsprechend werden an den Lagerstellen Reaktionskräfte und / oder Reaktionsmomente zu den auf das Bürstenelement eingeprägten Kräften abgestützt. Die Lagerstellen können zur Idealisierung auf einen geometrischen Punkt reduziert werden. Sofern die Kontaktierungsstelle nicht punktförmig ist kann hier der Mittelpunkt oder der Schwerpunkt der Fläche der Kontaktierungsstelle für die Betrachtungen herangezogen werden.As bearings are those places to understand where the brush element is supported on the holder in terms of a support for the basics of engineering mechanics. Accordingly, reaction forces and / or reaction moments are supported at the bearing points to the impressed on the brush element forces. The bearings can be reduced to a geometric point for idealization. If the contact point is not punctiform here can be the center or the Focusing the surface of the contacting are used for the considerations.
Als elektrische Ströme sind im Folgenden Ströme zu verstehen, die zur Übertragung von elektrischer Leistung erforderlich sind aber auch Ströme die als Signale ausgebildet sind und lediglich zur Übertragung von Informationen dienen. Die Bürstenelemente der erfindungsgemäßen Schleifringeinheit sind mit Vorteil für die Signalübertragung geeignet bzw. bestimmt.In the following, electrical currents are to be understood as currents which are required for the transmission of electrical power but also currents which are designed as signals and serve only for the transmission of information. The brush elements of the slip ring unit according to the invention are advantageously suitable or intended for signal transmission.
Mit Vorteil weist die Schleifringeinheit mehrere Bürstenelemente mit jeweils identischer Geometrie auf.Advantageously, the slip ring unit has a plurality of brush elements each having identical geometry.
Die Schleifringeinheit kann so konfiguriert sein, dass die Festlegung bzw. Fixierung des Bürstenelements an den Lagerstellen derart ausgestaltet ist, dass durch diese Festlegung ein Reaktionsmoment um die Linie, welche die Lagerstellen verbindet, übertragbar ist. Eine entsprechende Lagerung an dieser Lagerstelle kann als zweiwertige Lagerung verstanden werden. Insbesondere dann, wenn die Festlegung an den Lagerstellen derart ausgestaltet ist, dass durch diese radial und tangential orientierte Reaktionskräfte an den Halter übertragbar sind.The slip ring unit may be configured such that the fixing or fixation of the brush element at the bearing points is designed in such a way that a reaction moment about the line connecting the bearing points can be transmitted by this fixing. A corresponding storage at this bearing point can be understood as a bivalent storage. In particular, when the determination at the bearing points is designed such that these radially and tangentially oriented reaction forces are transferable to the holder.
Weiterhin kann die Festlegung an einer der Lagerstellen derart ausgestaltet sein, dass das Bürstenelement an der betreffenden Lagerstelle relativ zum Halter starr festgelegt ist. In diesem Zusammenhang kann von einer starren Einspannung des Bürstenelements am Halter an der betreffenden Lagerstelle gesprochen werden, also von einer dreiwertigen Lagerung. Die Schleifringeinheit kann auch so ausgestaltet sein, dass die Festlegung an beiden Lagerstellen starr ausgestaltet ist.Furthermore, the determination can be configured at one of the bearing points such that the brush element is fixed rigidly relative to the holder at the respective bearing point. In this context, it is possible to speak of a rigid clamping of the brush element on the holder at the relevant bearing point, ie of a trivalent bearing. The slip ring unit can also be designed so that the determination is designed to be rigid at both bearings.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die Festlegung an zumindest einer der Lagerstellen derart ausgestaltet sein, dass das Bürstenelement an der betreffenden Lagerstelle relativ zum Halter axial verschieblich festgelegt ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the determination can be configured on at least one of the bearing points such that the brush element is fixed axially displaceable relative to the holder at the respective bearing point.
Mit Vorteil beträgt ein Winkel zwischen einer Verbindungslinie, welche die Kontaktierungsstelle mit der einen Lagerstelle verbindet, und einer Verbindungslinie, welche die Kontaktierungsstelle mit der anderen Lagerstelle verbindet, weniger als 180°, insbesondere weniger als 150°, mit Vorteil weniger als 100°.Advantageously, an angle between a connecting line, which connects the contacting point with the one bearing point, and a connecting line, which connects the contact point with the other bearing point, less than 180 °, in particular less than 150 °, advantageously less than 100 °.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn bezogen auf ein Bürstenelement, also im Hinblick auf ein und dasselbe Bürstenelement innerhalb der Schleifringeinheit, zumindest eine der Lagerstellen näher an der Achse zu liegen kommt als die Kontaktierungsstelle. Weiterhin kann die Schleifringeinheit so konstruiert sein, dass dieser mehrere Bürstenelemente aufweist, wobei dann die Kontaktierungsstellen der Bürstenelemente entlang einer, insbesondere radial orientierten, Linie angeordnet sind, und / oder die Lagerstellen der Bürstenelemente entlang einer, insbesondere tangential orientierten, Linie angeordnet sind.It is advantageous if, based on a brush element, ie with regard to one and the same brush element within the slip ring unit, at least one of the bearing points comes to rest closer to the axis than the contacting point. Furthermore, the slip ring unit can be constructed so that it has a plurality of brush elements, in which case the contacting points of the brush elements along a, in particular radially oriented, line are arranged, and / or the bearing points of the brush elements along a, in particular tangentially oriented, line are arranged.
Weiterhin kann das Bürstenelement einen runden Querschnitt aufweisen. Insbesondere kann das Bürstenelement aus einem Rundmaterial, etwa einem Draht, gefertigt werden, so dass das Bürstenelement auch als Drahtbügel bezeichnet werden kann. Sofern ein derartiges Bürstenelement nur lokal begrenzt einen Querschnitt aufweist, der von der runden Geometrie abweicht, kann dennoch von einem Bürstenelement mit rundem Querschnitt gesprochen werden.Furthermore, the brush element may have a round cross section. In particular, the brush element can be made of a round material, such as a wire, so that the brush element can also be referred to as a wire bow. If such a brush element only locally limited has a cross section which differs from the circular geometry, can still be spoken of a brush element with a round cross-section.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, insbesondere zur Optimierung seiner Federeigenschaften, kann das Bürstenelement eine Verjüngung aufweisen. Mit Vorteil weist dann die Verjüngung einen Verlauf entlang einer Linie auf, wobei die Linie eine Richtungskomponente parallel zur Linie, welche die Lagerstellen verbindet, orientiert ist. Entsprechend kann so der Biegewiderstand gegenüber Biegemomenten, die durch axiale Kräfte in die Kontaktierungsstelle eingeleitet werden, reduziert werden. Eine entsprechende Verjüngung kann beispielsweise durch eine spanlose Umformung, etwa durch Pressen bzw. durch eine plastische Verformung an einer Stelle des Bürstenelements hergestellt werden, so dass das Material des Bürstenelements verschoben wird und die absolute Größe der Querschnittsfläche, die etwa in mm2 gemessen wird, an sich nicht verändert oder reduziert wird. Dies ist insbesondere von Vorteil, da der zu übertragende Strom unter Umständen von der absoluten Größe der Querschnittsfläche begrenzt wird. Die Verjüngung weist zudem mit Vorteil einen Verlauf auf, der orthogonal zur Achse orientiert ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, in particular for optimizing its spring properties, the brush element may have a taper. Advantageously, then, the taper has a course along a line, wherein the line is oriented a direction component parallel to the line connecting the bearings. Accordingly, the bending resistance to bending moments, which are introduced by axial forces in the contact point, can be reduced. A corresponding taper can, for example, be produced by a non-cutting deformation, for example by pressing or by a plastic deformation at a location of the brush element, so that the material of the brush element is displaced and the absolute size of the cross-sectional area, which is measured approximately in mm 2 , not changed or reduced in itself. This is particularly advantageous since the current to be transmitted may be limited by the absolute size of the cross-sectional area. The rejuvenation also advantageously has a course that is oriented orthogonal to the axis.
Vorteilhafte Ausbildungen der Erfindung entnimmt man den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Advantageous embodiments of the invention will remove the dependent claims.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Schleifringeinheit ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung zweier Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der beiliegenden Figuren.Further details and advantages of the slip ring unit according to the invention will become apparent from the following description of two embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.
Es zeigen die
- Figur 1a
- eine Draufsicht auf Schleifringe mit den dazugehörigen Bürstenelementen einer Schleifringeinheit gemäß der Ansicht B - B,
- Figur 1b
- eine Seitenansicht der Schleifringeinheit gemäß der Ansicht C - C,
- Figur 1c
- eine Seitenansicht der Schleifringeinheit gemäß der Ansicht D - D,
Figur 2- eine Detailansicht eines Bürstenelements,
- Figur 3a
- eine Detailansicht eines Bürstenelements gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Figur 3b
- eine weitere Detailansicht des Bürstenelements gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel.
- FIG. 1a
- a top view of slip rings with the associated brush elements of a slip ring unit according to the view B - B,
- FIG. 1b
- 3 a side view of the slip ring unit according to the view C - C,
- Figure 1c
- 3 a side view of the slip ring unit according to the view D - D,
- FIG. 2
- a detailed view of a brush element,
- FIG. 3a
- a detailed view of a brush element according to a second embodiment,
- FIG. 3b
- a further detail view of the brush element according to the second embodiment.
Gemäß den
Die zweite Bauteilgruppe 2 umfasst eine Ringscheibe 2.1, die im vorliegenden Beispiel als eine Leiterplatte mit kreisförmiger Außenkontur ausgestaltet ist. Auf einer Seite der Ringscheibe 2.1 sind mehrere konzentrisch zur Achse A angeordnete Schleifringe 2.2, 2.3 aufgebracht, welche über 360° geschlossenen umlaufend ausgestaltet sind, so dass durch die Schleifringeinheit eine Übertragung von elektrischen Strömen mit unbegrenztem Drehwinkel, also über beliebig viele Umdrehungen hinweg, erreichbar ist. Damit eine lange Lebensdauer erzielt wird, bestehen die Schleifringe 2.2, 2.3 jeweils aus einer Edelmetallschicht, die auf eine elektrisch leitende Zwischenschicht oder direkt auf das Leiterplattenmaterial der Ringscheibe 2.1 aufgebracht ist. Die in den
Der Übersichtlichkeit halber wurde in den Figuren auf die Darstellung von elektrischen Leitungen verzichtet, die an der den Schleifringen 2.2, 2.3 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Ringscheibe 2.1 vorgesehen sind und jeweils mit den Schleifringen 2.2, 2.3 mittels Durchkontaktierung elektrisch verbunden sind.For the sake of clarity, the figures omit the illustration of electrical lines which are provided on the slip ring 2.2, 2.3 opposite side of the annular disc 2.1 and are electrically connected to the slip rings 2.2, 2.3 by means of through-contacting.
Die erste Bauteilgruppe 1 weist einen Halter 1.1 auf, welcher ebenfalls als eine Leiterplatte ausgestaltet ist. Der Halter 1.1 ist in axialem Abstand a zu den Schleifringen 2.2, 2.3 angeordnet. Derartige Schleifringeinheiten werden häufig als Tellerschleifringe oder Pan-Cake-Slip-Rings bezeichnet. Sowohl der Halter 1.1 als auch die Ringscheibe 2.1 werden an relativ zueinander drehbaren Maschinenteilen befestigt, deren relative Anordnung den Abstand a definiert. Derartige Maschinenteile können naturgemäß im Betrieb wechselnde Drehrichtungen annehmen und vibrieren oder Stöße in die Schleifringeinheit einleiten. Durch die Vibrationen oder Stöße kann der axiale Abstand a, wenn auch nur in geringem Maße, zeitlichen Änderungen unterliegen.The first component group 1 has a holder 1.1, which is also designed as a circuit board. The holder 1.1 is arranged at an axial distance a to the slip rings 2.2, 2.3. Such slip ring units are often referred to as Tellerschleifringe or pan-cake slip rings. Either the holder 1.1 and the annular disc 2.1 are fastened to relatively rotatable machine parts whose relative arrangement defines the distance a. Such machine parts can naturally assume changing directions of rotation in operation and vibrate or initiate shocks in the slip ring unit. As a result of the vibrations or impacts, the axial distance a may be subject to changes in time, albeit only to a limited extent.
An dem Halter 1.1 sind Bürstenelemente 1.2, 1.3 befestigt, welche der ersten Bauteilgruppe 1 zuzuordnen sind und federnd die Schleifringe 2.2, 2.3 berühren. Die vier radial innen liegenden Bürstenelemente 1.3 sind aus einem Flachmaterial mit Hilfe eines Stanz-Biegeprozesses hergestellt und dienen zur Übertragung von elektrischer Leistung.On the holder 1.1 brush elements 1.2, 1.3 are attached, which are assigned to the first group of components 1 and resiliently touch the slip rings 2.2, 2.3. The four radially inner brush elements 1.3 are made of a flat material by means of a punching-bending process and serve for the transmission of electrical power.
Die anderen Bürstenelemente 1.2 sind dagegen aus einem Draht gebogen, welcher im vorgestellten Ausführungsbeispiel einen Kupferkern aufweist und mit Edelmetall beschichtet ist, wobei die Beschichtung selektiv nur im Bereich der Kontaktierungsstelle X erfolgen kann oder über die gesamte Länge des Bürstenelementes 1.2. Diese Bürstenelemente 1.2 sind zur Signalübertragung bestimmt und innerhalb einer Schleifringeinheit jeweils baugleich ausgeführt, so dass sie demnach jeweils eine identische Geometrie aufweisen.The other brush elements 1.2, however, are bent from a wire, which in the presented embodiment has a copper core and is coated with precious metal, wherein the coating can be carried out selectively only in the region of the contact point X or over the entire length of the brush element 1.2. These brush elements 1.2 are intended for signal transmission and designed to be identical within a slip ring unit, so that they accordingly each have an identical geometry.
Die Enden der Bürstenelemente 1.2 zur Signalübertragung werden in dafür vorgesehene Bohrungen im Halter 1.1 eingeführt. Diese Verbindungsstellen bilden folglich Lagerstellen Y, Z, an denen jeweils ein Bürstenelement 1.2 am Halter 1.1 festgelegt ist. An der Lagerstelle Z wird, entsprechend der Figur 2, zudem ein Lötpunkt 1.11 gesetzt, so dass das jeweilige Bürstenelement 1.2 an der Lagerstelle Z relativ zum Halter 1.1 starr befestigt ist und bezüglich aller sechs Freiheitgrade fixiert ist. Im vorgestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wird an der anderen Lagerstelle Y keine weitere Befestigungsmaßnahme getroffen, so dass dort das jeweilige Bürstenelement 1.2 relativ zum Halter 1.1 in Axialrichtung verschieblich festgelegt ist. Durch die starre Verbindung des Bürstenelements 1.2 an der Lagerstelle Z und andererseits durch die an den Endbereich des Bürstenelements 1.2 anschließende Krümmung ist die axiale Beweglichkeit des Bürstenelements 1.2 innerhalb der Bohrung an der Lagerstelle Y im Halter 1.1 begrenzt.The ends of the brush elements 1.2 for signal transmission are introduced into holes provided in the holder 1.1. Consequently, these connection points form bearings Y, Z, at each of which a brush element 1.2 is fixed to the holder 1.1. At the bearing point Z, according to the figure 2, also a solder point 1.11 set, so that the respective brush element 1.2 is rigidly attached to the bearing Z relative to the holder 1.1 and is fixed with respect to all six degrees of freedom. In the illustrated embodiment, no further fastening measure is taken at the other bearing Y, so that there is the respective brush element 1.2 relative to the holder 1.1 slidably fixed in the axial direction. Due to the rigid connection of the brush element 1.2 at the bearing point Z and on the other hand by the adjoining the end portion of the brush element 1.2 Curvature is limited to the axial mobility of the brush element 1.2 within the bore at the bearing Y in the holder 1.1.
Elektrisch sind die Bürstenelemente 1.2 zur Signalübertragung, wie auch die Bürstenelemente 1.3 zur Übertragung der elektrischen Leistung mit Leitern an der den Bürstenelementen 1.2, 1.3 gegenüber liegenden Seite verbunden. Auf die Darstellung entsprechender Anschlusskabel wurde in den Figuren verzichtet. In Bezug auf die Bürstenelemente 1.2 zur Signalübertragung wird die elektrische Anbindung an den rückseitigen Leiter an der Lagerstelle Z durch den Lötpunkt 1.11 in Verbindung mit einer Durchkontaktierung gewährleistet. An der Lagerstelle Y ist keine elektrische Kontaktierung vorgesehen. Alternativ kann an der Lagerstelle Y eine axial bewegliche elektrische Verbindung hergestellt werden, so dass die Anordnung beispielsweise im Hinblick auf Kriterien der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit optimiert ist.Electrically, the brush elements 1.2 for signal transmission, as well as the brush elements 1.3 for transmitting the electrical power with conductors on the brush elements 1.2, 1.3 opposite side connected. On the representation of corresponding connection cable was omitted in the figures. With regard to the brush elements 1.2 for signal transmission, the electrical connection to the rear conductor at the bearing point Z is ensured by the solder point 1.11 in conjunction with a via. At the bearing Y no electrical contact is provided. Alternatively, an axially movable electrical connection can be made at the bearing Y, so that the arrangement is optimized, for example, with respect to criteria of electromagnetic compatibility.
Rein geometrisch können, wie in der
Entsprechend kann durch die Kontaktierungsstelle X und die beiden Lagerstellen Y, Z gemäß der
Die Festlegung bzw. Fixierung des jeweiligen Bürstenelements 1.2 ist an beiden Lagerstellen Y, Z also so ausgestaltet, dass durch diese ein Reaktionsmoment um die Linie yz, welche die Lagerstellen Y, Z verbindet, übertragbar ist. Dies wird insbesondere dadurch erreicht, dass die Enden des Bürstenelements 1.2 in entsprechende axiale Bohrungen des Halters 1.1 passgenau eingeführt sind. Aufgrund dieser Bauweise ist die Festlegung des jeweiligen Bürstenelements 1.2 an den Lagerstellen Y, Z zudem so eingerichtet, dass radial und tangential orientierte Reaktionskräfte vom Bürstenelement 1.2 an den Halter 1.1 übertragbar sind. Die Festlegung des jeweiligen Bürstenelements 1.2 ist an der Lagerstelle Z schließlich so ausgestaltet, dass durch diese eine Reaktionskraft in axialer Richtung übertragbar ist. Das Bürstenelement 1.2 berührt den zugehörigen Schleifring 2.2 an einer Kontaktierungsstelle X, welche entlang des Verlaufes des Bürstenelements 1.2 zwischen den beiden Lagerstellen Y, Z angeordnet ist. Mit anderen Worten: Ausgehend von der ersten Lagerstelle Y dem Verlauf des Bürstenelements 1.2 folgend wird zunächst die Kontaktierungsstelle X erreicht und dann die zweite Lagerstelle Z.The definition or fixation of the respective brush element 1.2 is thus configured at both bearing points Y, Z such that a reaction moment about the line yz, which connects the bearing points Y, Z, can be transmitted by the latter. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the ends of the brush element 1.2 are inserted accurately into corresponding axial holes of the holder 1.1. Due to this construction, the determination of the respective brush element 1.2 at the bearings Y, Z also set up so that radially and tangentially oriented reaction forces from the brush element 1.2 to the holder 1.1 are transferable. The determination of the respective brush element 1.2 is finally designed at the bearing Z so that a reaction force in the axial direction can be transmitted by this. The brush element 1.2 touches the associated slip ring 2.2 at a contacting point X, which is arranged along the course of the brush element 1.2 between the two bearings Y, Z. In other words, starting from the first bearing Y following the course of the brush element 1.2, first the contacting point X is reached and then the second bearing Z.
Die Verbindungslinie xy verbindet die Kontaktierungsstelle X mit der Lagerstelle Y, während die Verbindungslinie xz die Kontaktierungsstelle X mit der anderen Lagerstelle Z verbindet. Die Bürstenelemente 1.2 sind so gebogen, dass im vorgestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen den geometrisch angenommenen Verbindungslinien xy, xz ein Winkel α von etwa 115° eingeschlossen wird.The connecting line xy connects the contacting point X with the bearing point Y, while the connecting line xz connects the contacting point X with the other bearing point Z. The brush elements 1.2 are bent so that in the presented embodiment between the geometrically assumed connecting lines xy, xz an angle α of about 115 ° is included.
Im Betrieb der Schleifringeinheit dreht sich die zweite Bauteilgruppe 2 relativ zur ersten Bauteilgruppe 1. Infolgedessen entsteht ein schleifender Kontakt zwischen den Bürstenelementen 1.2, 1.3 und den damit korrespondierenden Schleifringen 2.2, 2.3. Dadurch, dass die Bürstenelemente 1.2, welche elektrische Signale übertragen, an den Lagerstellen Y, Z beidseitig der Kontaktierungsstelle X am Halter 1.1 festgelegt sind, werden insbesondere Slip-Stick-Effekte unterbunden. Entsprechend ist somit gewährleistet, dass die Bürstenelemente 1.2 ohne Unterbrechung die zugehörigen Schleifringe 2.2 kontaktieren, was gerade für eine sichere Signalübertragung von großer Bedeutung ist. Des Weiteren kann konstruktionsbedingt auch bei Vibrationen ein temporäres abheben der Bürstenelemente 1.2 von den Schleifringen 2.2 wirksam unterbunden werden. Der radiale Versatz d wirkt als Hebelarm zur Einleitung eines Biegemoments um die Verbindunglinie yz, so dass eine elastische Vorspannung der Bürstenelemente 1.2 erzeugbar ist. In der Folge wird so über eine vergleichsweise weite axial orientierte schwingungsbedingte zeitliche Änderungen des Abstands a eine geeignete Andrückkraft an die Schleifringe 2.2 erreicht. Entsprechend arbeitet die neue Schleifringeinheit überaus zuverlässig, wenn diese Erschütterungen oder Vibrationen ausgesetzt ist. Gleichzeitigt erlaubt die neue Bauweise eine überaus platzsparende Anordnung. Insbesondere kann durch die neue Konstruktion erreicht werden, dass die Lagerstellen Y, Z aller Bürstenelemente 1.2 zur Signalübertragung einen geringeren Abstand zur Achse A aufweisen als der Außendurchmesser der Ringscheibe 2.1. Dadurch kann eine kompakte Bauweise der Schleifringeinheit erreicht werden.During operation of the slip ring unit, the
Das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den
Die Verjüngung 1.21' dient im Wesentlichen dazu den für den Betrieb der Schleifringeinheit maßgeblichen Biegewiderstand des Bürstenelements 1.2' zu reduzieren, indem im Bereich der Verjüngung 1.21' das Flächenträgheitsmoment reduziert ist. Gleichzeitig ist aber im vorgestellten Ausführungsbeispiel die absolute Querschnittsfläche in mm2 nicht verringert worden, so dass praktisch keine elektrische Einbußen im Hinblick auf die Höhe des übertragbaren Stroms zu verzeichnen sind.The taper 1.21 'essentially serves to reduce the bending resistance of the brush element 1.2', which is decisive for the operation of the slip ring unit, by reducing the area moment of inertia in the area of the taper 1.21 '. At the same time, however, the absolute cross-sectional area in mm 2 has not been reduced in the exemplary embodiment presented so that virtually no electrical losses with regard to the height of the transmittable current can be recorded.
Claims (11)
- Slip-ring unit comprising a first and a second component group (1, 2) wherein the two component groups (1, 2) are arranged such that they can rotate relative to one another about an axis (A), and the slip-ring unit is suitable for transmitting electric currents or signals between the two component groups (1, 2) over several rotations, characterized in that- the first component group (1) comprises a holder (1.1) to which at least one brush element (1.2; 1.2') is fixed at two bearing points (Y, Z) in the sense of two supports, and- the second component group (2) has at least one closed circumferential slip ring (2.2),wherein the holder (1.1) is arranged at an axial distance (a) from the slip ring (2.2) and contact is made with the slip ring (2.2) by the brush element (1.2; 1.2') at a contact-making point (X),
wherein the slip-ring unit is configured such that the contact-making point (X) between the bearing points (Y, Z) is arranged along the profile of the brush element (1.2; 1.2'), and the contact-making point (X) is arranged with a radial offset (d) in relation to a line (yz) which connects the bearing points (Y, Z). - Slip-ring unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the slip-ring unit has a plurality of brush elements (1.2; 1.2') which each have an identical geometry.
- Slip-ring unit according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing at the bearing points (Y, Z) is designed in such a way that a reaction moment about the line (yz) which connects the bearing points (Y, Z) can be transmitted by virtue of this fixing in the sense of a bivalent bearing.
- Slip-ring unit according to Claim 3, characterized in that the fixing at the bearing points (Y, Z) is designed in such a way that radially and tangentially oriented reaction forces can be transmitted to the holder (1.1) by virtue of this fixing.
- Slip-ring unit according to either of preceding Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the fixing at one of the bearing points (Y, Z) is designed in such a way that the brush element (1.2; 1.2') is rigidly fixed at the relevant bearing point (Y, Z) relative to the holder (1.1) in the sense of a trivalent bearing.
- Slip-ring unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing at one of the bearing points (Y, Z) is designed in such a way that the brush element (1.2; 1.2') is fixed at the relevant bearing point (Y, Z) in a displaceable manner relative to the holder (1.1) in the axial direction.
- Slip-ring unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an angle (α) between a connecting line (xy) which connects the contact-making point (X) to the one bearing point (Y) and a connecting line (xz) which connects the contact-making point (X) to the other bearing point (Z) is less than 150°.
- Slip-ring unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, with respect to a brush element (1.2; 1.2'), at least one of the bearing points (Y, Z) comes to lie closer to the axis (A) than the contact-making point (X).
- Slip-ring unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brush element (1.2; 1.2') has a round cross section.
- Slip-ring unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brush element (1.2') has a tapered portion (1.21').
- Slip-ring unit according to Claim 10, characterized in that the tapered portion (1.21') has a profile along a line (yz'), wherein the line (yz') is oriented a directional component parallel to the line (yz) which connects the bearing points (Y, Z).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE201010052645 DE102010052645A1 (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2010-11-29 | Slip ring unit |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2458693A2 EP2458693A2 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
EP2458693A3 EP2458693A3 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
EP2458693B1 true EP2458693B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP11009084.2A Active EP2458693B1 (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2011-11-16 | Slip ring unit |
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EP (1) | EP2458693B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2759587C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010052645A1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102018213999A1 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-20 | Spinner Gmbh | Sliding contact body and electrical rotary transformer |
US20240181661A1 (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2024-06-06 | Boston Dynamics, Inc. | Electrical transfer assemblies for robotic devices |
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DE9401715U1 (en) | 1994-02-02 | 1994-03-24 | W.M. Filmtechnik GmbH, 83620 Feldkirchen-Westerham | Device for signal transmission in a camera dolly |
US5690498A (en) * | 1996-09-23 | 1997-11-25 | He Holdings, Inc | Spring loaded rotary connector |
GB2339635B (en) * | 1998-06-24 | 2003-01-29 | Jasun Engineering Ltd | Slip ring assembly |
DE102010009221A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Contact-bound transmitter for transmitting e.g. electrical energy from stator over jumper ring plate in e.g. plate cylinder of printing machine, has brushes located on stator, where stator is activated or deactivated in axial direction |
-
2010
- 2010-11-29 DE DE201010052645 patent/DE102010052645A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2011
- 2011-11-16 EP EP11009084.2A patent/EP2458693B1/en active Active
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EP2458693A2 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
CA2759587A1 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
CA2759587C (en) | 2016-02-23 |
EP2458693A3 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
DE102010052645A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
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