EP2446977A1 - Method for producing a tubular profile - Google Patents

Method for producing a tubular profile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2446977A1
EP2446977A1 EP11005966A EP11005966A EP2446977A1 EP 2446977 A1 EP2446977 A1 EP 2446977A1 EP 11005966 A EP11005966 A EP 11005966A EP 11005966 A EP11005966 A EP 11005966A EP 2446977 A1 EP2446977 A1 EP 2446977A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
shaped
profile
mpa
middle region
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP11005966A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2446977B1 (en
Inventor
Markus Löcker
Rolf Schwarzer
Stefan Arpad Szabo
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Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland GmbH
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Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland GmbH
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Publication of EP2446977A1 publication Critical patent/EP2446977A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/025—Stamping using rigid devices or tools for tubular articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/01—End parts (e.g. leading, trailing end)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/02—Edge parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a tubular profile as a cross member for the torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle.
  • Twist-beam axes are known in the art. It will do this, for example, on the EP 0 752 332 A1 directed.
  • Such a known tubular profile has circular tubular sections at both ends.
  • a double-walled U-shaped channel section is formed by forming.
  • the transition areas between the circular ends and the U-shaped central part go continuously from circular to the U-shaped cross section over. It can additionally be provided in the end regions between the transition areas and the U-shaped longitudinal area an inward or outward indentation.
  • a method for producing such a pipe profile is in EP 1 577 404 B 1 described.
  • a tube of case steel is first cold formed and then subjected to a heat treatment, wherein after the heat treatment, a quenching and surface hardening takes place.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an alternative method for producing such pipe profiles, which also can be carried out particularly cost and is easy to handle.
  • the invention proposes a method for producing a tubular profile as a cross member for a torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle, in which a tube is austenitized from an air-hardening steel in a first process step, in a second process step while maintaining the ends with a circular cross-section of the middle Range is formed in one stage or two stages by means of a horrober- and -unterteils to a U-shaped cross-section warm, the transition areas between the circular ends and the central region continuously from circular to U-shaped cross section passing without tool contact or only with underside, one-sided tool contact be transformed.
  • the ears formed during the deformation of the central region at the edges of the U-shaped cross section be held during the forming free of contact of the tool top and bottom. It is also preferable under certain circumstances for press-hardening to be carried out by hot-forming or simultaneously with the forging in the central region by cooling the upper and lower parts of the tool.
  • the formed tubular profile is cooled to room temperature in air after the forming step.
  • the deformed tube profile is cooled after the forming step with water mist.
  • the tube profile to be produced by means of hot forming, optionally press hardening and subsequent cooling and simultaneous self-annealing in air and / or with water mist has in each case a circular cross section at its ends.
  • the hot forming in the tool in a one- or two-stage process by means of a tool upper part and lower tool part a U-shaped cross section is generated in the central region.
  • the lower tool part supports the pipe section only in the central region to be formed, while the upper tool part is also provided only in the central region and acts on the pipe section.
  • the tool lower part trough-shaped according to Target contour of the finished pipe section may be formed in the central region, while the upper tool part is a trough-shaped punch, which has the contour of the central region of the pipe section to be generated.
  • the transitions between the circular cross-section at the ends and the U-shaped cross-section in the central region are continuous over from one to the other cross section. Due to the hot forming and direct contact of the upper and lower tool parts in the central U-shaped cross section and the resulting higher cooling rates and the resulting lower temperatures on the pipe profile, higher strengths of at least 800 MPa, preferably 1000 MPa are achieved in this area than in the ears at the edges of the U-shaped cross section. This also applies to the circular cross sections at the ends. Here, too, a strength of at least 800 MPa, preferably 1000 MPa, is achieved, since a mandrel is introduced into the pipe at the pipe ends to support the shaping and supports the pipe ends from the inside. Again, the effect described is achieved by the direct contact of the mandrels with the pipe ends.
  • air-hardening steel qualities are preferably available worldwide steel grades such as LH800 / 900 and MW 1000L is used. Details of these steels can be found, for example, in the material sheet "air-hardenable tempering steel", in hot-rolled and cold-rolled version, issue November 2006 (first edition) of Salzgitter Flachstahl AG or in material sheet 049 R, January 2009 edition, Salzgitter Mannesmann Rezision.
  • the cooling of the formed tube profile can be done in the simplest form in air to room temperature.
  • the cooling can also take place in the forming tool and then continue in air or the cooling can be accelerated by a water mist.
  • the special effect in the forming is that in the areas in which a direct contact with tool parts or the like takes place, a higher strength is achieved while in In areas where there is no direct contact with tools or tool parts, a higher ductility during subsequent tempering is achieved.
  • the material of the pipe profile is coated to prevent corrosion before Austenitmaschine.
  • the austenitizing tube profile is galvanized or provided with an aluminum-silicon coating or generally with an anticorrosive coating,
  • the deformation of the pipe profile can be done directly without inert gas.
  • austenitization and hot forming are carried out under a protective gas atmosphere.
  • a tube profile made of suitable air-hardening steel can be used, which is not corrosion-coated.
  • the protective gas atmosphere prevents the ingress of oxygen and thus avoids undesired oxidation or scaling of the material.
  • the tube profile is heated to 930 o C and over several minutes on this Temperature is maintained before the hot forming is performed immediately thereafter.
  • the heating of the tube profile to Austenitmaschinestemperatur can be done for example in an oven or continuous furnace, or conductive or inductive.
  • the heat treatment for the purpose of austenitizing at 930 ° C under nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the heat treatment is carried out for at least thirteen minutes, so that the desired component temperature is achieved.
  • About a sealed removal and feeding the heated workpiece is fed to the two-stage hot forming, which reaches a defined material temperature before each forming process and in which there is a partial cooling of the component in the tool. Due to the protective gas atmosphere, the formation of scale is avoided.
  • the final cooling preferably at open air, to room temperature, a higher ductility in the radii and transitions is achieved by lower cooling rates.
  • the deformed tube profile is blasted after cooling.
  • the deformed tube profile with glass beads, dry ice or balls, in particular steel balls or grains is blasted.
  • the invention further relates to a tubular profile as a cross member for a torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle, consisting of a tubular profile with circular cross-section at the two ends, a middle double-walled U-shaped portion and transition portions which merge continuously from the circular ends in the U-shaped region.
  • the invention proposes that the pipe profile consists of air-hardening steel having at the two ends a ring zone (a) with a strength of more than 800 MPa, preferably more than 1000 MPa , in the transition region (b) between the ends (a) and the U-shaped region (c) has a strength of at least 500 MPa to at most 800 MPa, in the U-shaped region (c) has a strength of at least 800 MPa, preferably at least 1000 MPa, and in the area of the ear-shaped edges of U-shaped area (c) a strength of 550 to 750 MPa.
  • the invention further provides a pipe profile according to claim 11, produced by the method according to one of claims 1 to 10.
  • the drawing figures show a finished tube profile, which is produced by the method according to the invention.
  • the area over which these circular sections extend is indicated by a.
  • This area a is followed by another area b.
  • This area b is a transitional section continuously from the Section a in the U-shaped central area c passes.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment, but in the context of the overall disclosure often variable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The method comprises austenitizing a tube from an air-hardening steel, and performing heat transformation of a tube middle region into a U-shaped cross-section using tool upper and lower parts while retaining the ends with a circular cross-section (1). The middle region is transformed from the circular cross-section to the U-shaped cross-section to form ears between the circular ends and the middle region without the tool contact or only with the lower side, one-sided tool contact. The U-shaped cross-section is held without touching the tool upper and lower parts during the transformation. The method comprises austenitizing a tube from air-hardening steel, and performing heat transformation of a tube middle region into a U-shaped cross-section using tool upper and lower parts while retaining the ends with a circular cross-section (1). The middle region is transformed from the circular cross-section to the U-shaped cross-section to form ears between the circular ends and the middle region without the tool contact or only with the lower side, one-sided tool contact. The U-shaped cross-section is held without touching the tool upper and lower parts during the transformation of the middle region. The middle region is press cured by cooling the tool upper and lower parts during the transformation. The shaped tubular profile is cooled in air at room temperature during the formation of a mold section and cooled with water mist following the shaping step. A material of the tube section is coated before austenitization for corrosion resistance. The austenitization and the heat transformation are carried out under an inert gas atmosphere. The tubular profile is heated to 930[deg] C and held in the same temperature for several minutes before performing the heat transformation. The formed tubular profile is irradiated with glass beads, dry ice or spheres, steel balls or grains after cooling. An independent claim is included for a tubular profile as a transverse carrier for a torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines RohrprofilsMethod for producing a tubular profile

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rohrprofils als Querträger für die Verbundlenkerachse eines Kraftfahrzeuges.The invention relates to a method for producing a tubular profile as a cross member for the torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle.

Rohrprofile als Querträger fürPipe profiles as a cross member for

Verbundlenkerachsen sind im Stand der Technik bekannt. Es wird dazu beispielsweise auf die EP 0 752 332 A 1 verwiesen. Ein solches bekanntes Rohrprofil weist an beiden Enden kreisrunde rohrförmige Abschnitte auf. Im mittleren Längenbereich ist durch Umformung ein doppelwandiger U-förmiger Rinnenabschnitt gebildet. Die Übergangsbereiche zwischen den kreisrunden Enden und dem U-förmigen Mittelteil gehen kontinuierlich von kreisrunden zum U-förmigen Querschnitt über. Dabei kann zusätzlich noch in den Endbereichen zwischen den Übergangsbereichen und dem U-förmigen Längenbereich eine nach innen oder außen gerichtete Einprägung vorgesehen sein.Twist-beam axes are known in the art. It will do this, for example, on the EP 0 752 332 A1 directed. Such a known tubular profile has circular tubular sections at both ends. In the middle length range, a double-walled U-shaped channel section is formed by forming. The transition areas between the circular ends and the U-shaped central part go continuously from circular to the U-shaped cross section over. It can additionally be provided in the end regions between the transition areas and the U-shaped longitudinal area an inward or outward indentation.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Rohrprofils ist in der EP 1 577 404 B 1 beschrieben. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren wird ein Rohr aus Einsatzstahl zunächst kalt verformt und anschließend einer Warmbehandlung unterzogen, wobei nach der Warmbehandlung eine Abschreckung und eine Oberflächenverfestigung erfolgt. Ausgehend von diesem bekannten Verfahren liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein alternatives Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Rohrprofile zu schaffen, welches zudem besonders kostengünstig durchgeführt werden kann und einfach zu handhaben ist.A method for producing such a pipe profile is in EP 1 577 404 B 1 described. In the known method, a tube of case steel is first cold formed and then subjected to a heat treatment, wherein after the heat treatment, a quenching and surface hardening takes place. Based on this known method, the present invention seeks to provide an alternative method for producing such pipe profiles, which also can be carried out particularly cost and is easy to handle.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rohrprofils als Querträger für eine Verbundlenkerachse eines Kraftfahrzeuges vor, bei welchem ein Rohr aus einem lufthärtenden Stahl in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt austenitisiert wird, in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt unter Beibehalt der Enden mit kreisrundem Querschnitt der mittlere Bereich einstufig oder zweistufig mittels eines Werkzeugober- und -unterteils zu einem U-förmigen Querschnitt warm umgeformt wird, wobei die Übergangsbereiche zwischen den kreisrunden Enden und dem mittleren Bereich kontinuierlich vom kreisrunden zum U-förmigen Querschnitt übergehend ohne Werkzeugkontakt oder nur mit unterseitigen, einseitigem Werkzeugkontakt umgeformt werden.To solve this problem, the invention proposes a method for producing a tubular profile as a cross member for a torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle, in which a tube is austenitized from an air-hardening steel in a first process step, in a second process step while maintaining the ends with a circular cross-section of the middle Range is formed in one stage or two stages by means of a Werkzeugober- and -unterteils to a U-shaped cross-section warm, the transition areas between the circular ends and the central region continuously from circular to U-shaped cross section passing without tool contact or only with underside, one-sided tool contact be transformed.

Bevorzugt ist dabei vorgesehen, dass die bei der Umformung des mittleren Bereiches gebildeten Ohren an den Rändern des U-förmigen Querschnitts während der Umformung frei von Berührung des Werkzeugober- und -unterteils gehalten werden. Auch ist unter Umständen bevorzugt, dass an die Warmumformung anschließend oder gleichzeitig mit der Warumumformung im mittleren Bereich eine Presshärtung durch Kühlung des Werkzeugober- und -unterteils erfolgt.It is preferably provided that the ears formed during the deformation of the central region at the edges of the U-shaped cross section be held during the forming free of contact of the tool top and bottom. It is also preferable under certain circumstances for press-hardening to be carried out by hot-forming or simultaneously with the forging in the central region by cooling the upper and lower parts of the tool.

Insbesondere ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil im Anschluss an den Umformschritt an Luft auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt wird.In particular, it is preferably provided that the formed tubular profile is cooled to room temperature in air after the forming step.

Schließlich kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil im Anschluss an den Umformschritt mit Wassernebel abgekühlt wird.Finally, it can also be provided that the deformed tube profile is cooled after the forming step with water mist.

Gemäß der Erfindung hat das mittels Warmumformen, gegebenenfalls Presshärten und anschließendem Abkühlen und gleichzeitigem Selbstanlassen an Luft und/oder mit Wassernebel zu fertigende Rohrprofil an seinen Enden jeweils kreisrunden Querschnitt. Durch die Warmumformung im Werkzeug in einem ein- oder zweistufigen Prozess mittels eines Werkzeugoberteils und Werkzeugunterteils wird im mittleren Bereich ein U-förmiger Querschnitt erzeugt. Das Werkzeugunterteil unterstützt dabei das Rohrstück lediglich in dem umzuformenden mittleren Bereich, während das Werkzeugoberteil ebenfalls nur in dem mittleren Bereich vorgesehen ist und auf das Rohrstück einwirkt. Beispielsweise kann das Werkzeugunterteil wannenförmig entsprechend der Sollkontur des fertigen Rohrabschnittes im mittleren Bereich ausgebildet sein, während das Werkzeugoberteil ein rinnenförmiger Stempel ist, der die Kontur des zu erzeugenden Mittelbereiches des Rohrstückes hat.According to the invention, the tube profile to be produced by means of hot forming, optionally press hardening and subsequent cooling and simultaneous self-annealing in air and / or with water mist, has in each case a circular cross section at its ends. The hot forming in the tool in a one- or two-stage process by means of a tool upper part and lower tool part, a U-shaped cross section is generated in the central region. The lower tool part supports the pipe section only in the central region to be formed, while the upper tool part is also provided only in the central region and acts on the pipe section. For example, the tool lower part trough-shaped according to Target contour of the finished pipe section may be formed in the central region, while the upper tool part is a trough-shaped punch, which has the contour of the central region of the pipe section to be generated.

Die Übergänge zwischen dem kreisrunden Querschnitt an den Enden und dem U-förmigen Querschnitt im Mittelbereich gehen kontinuierlich vom einen in den anderen Querschnitt über. Aufgrund der Warmumformung und dem direkten Kontakt des Werkzeugoberteils und Werkzeugunterteils im mittleren U-förmigen Querschnitt und die dadurch höheren Abkühlraten sowie die daraus resultierenden niedrigeren Temperaturen am Rohrprofil, werden in diesem Bereich höhere Festigkeiten von mindestens 800 MPa vorzugsweise 1000 MPa erreicht als im Bereich der Ohren an den Rändern des U-förmigen Querschnitts. Dies trifft auch für die kreisrunden Querschnitte an den Enden zu. Auch hier wird eine Festigkeit von mindestens 800 MPa vorzugsweise 1000 MPa erreicht, da zur Unterstützung der Formgebung jeweils ein Dorn an den Rohrenden in das Rohr eingeführt wird und die Rohrenden von innen stützt. Auch hier wird durch den direkten Kontakt der Dorne mit den Rohrenden der beschriebene Effekt erreicht.The transitions between the circular cross-section at the ends and the U-shaped cross-section in the central region are continuous over from one to the other cross section. Due to the hot forming and direct contact of the upper and lower tool parts in the central U-shaped cross section and the resulting higher cooling rates and the resulting lower temperatures on the pipe profile, higher strengths of at least 800 MPa, preferably 1000 MPa are achieved in this area than in the ears at the edges of the U-shaped cross section. This also applies to the circular cross sections at the ends. Here, too, a strength of at least 800 MPa, preferably 1000 MPa, is achieved, since a mandrel is introduced into the pipe at the pipe ends to support the shaping and supports the pipe ends from the inside. Again, the effect described is achieved by the direct contact of the mandrels with the pipe ends.

Im Übergangsbereich zwischen den Enden und dem U-förmigen Mittelbereich werden aufgrund des einseitigen Werkzeugkontaktes lediglich eines Werkzeugunterteils oder durch fehlenden Kontakt mit einem Werkzeugober- oder -unterteil niedrigere Abkühlraten erreicht. Dies führt zu einer gewollten Minimierung der Festigkeit im Übergangsbereich auf etwa 500 MPa bis 800 MPa.In the transition region between the ends and the U-shaped central region are due to the one-sided tool contact only a lower tool part or by lack of contact with a Werkzeugober- or -unterteil lower cooling rates achieved. This leads to a desired minimization of the strength in the transition region to about 500 MPa to 800 MPa.

Im Bereich der Ohren an den Rändern des U-förmigen Querschnittes werden nach dem Lufthärten Festigkeiten von ca. 500 MPa bis 700 MPa erreicht. Die erzeugten Festigkeiten sollen die Zähigkeit erhöhen und dadurch die Dauerfestigkeit steigern.In the area of the ears at the edges of the U-shaped cross section, strengths of about 500 MPa to 700 MPa are achieved after air hardening. The strengths generated are intended to increase the toughness and thereby increase the fatigue strength.

Als lufthärtende Stahlqualitäten kommen vorzugsweise weltweit verfügbare Stahlsorten wie LH800/900 und
MW 1000L zum Einsatz. Einzelheiten dieser Stähle sind beispielsweise dem Werkstoffblatt "lufthärtbarer Vergütungsstahl", in warm- und kaltgewalzter Ausführung, Ausgabe November 2006 (Erstausgabe) der Salzgitter Flachstahl AG zu entnehmen beziehungsweise dem Werkstoffblatt 049 R, Ausgabe Januar 2009, der Salzgitter Mannesmann Präzision.As air-hardening steel qualities are preferably available worldwide steel grades such as LH800 / 900 and
MW 1000L is used. Details of these steels can be found, for example, in the material sheet "air-hardenable tempering steel", in hot-rolled and cold-rolled version, issue November 2006 (first edition) of Salzgitter Flachstahl AG or in material sheet 049 R, January 2009 edition, Salzgitter Mannesmann Präzision.

Die Abkühlung des umgeformten Rohrprofils kann in einfachster Form an Luft auf Raumtemperatur erfolgen. Die Abkühlung kann aber auch schon im Umformwerkzeug und anschließend weiter an Luft erfolgen oder aber die Abkühlung kann durch einen Wassernebel beschleunigt werden.The cooling of the formed tube profile can be done in the simplest form in air to room temperature. The cooling can also take place in the forming tool and then continue in air or the cooling can be accelerated by a water mist.

Der besondere Effekt bei der Umformung ist, dass in den Bereichen, in denen ein direkter Kontakt mit Werkzeugteilen oder dergleichen erfolgt, eine höhere Festigkeit zu erzielen ist, während in Bereichen, in denen kein direkter Kontakt mit Werkzeugen oder Werkzeugteilen besteht, eine höhere Duktilität beim nachträglichen Anlassen erreicht wird.The special effect in the forming is that in the areas in which a direct contact with tool parts or the like takes place, a higher strength is achieved while in In areas where there is no direct contact with tools or tool parts, a higher ductility during subsequent tempering is achieved.

Unter Umständen kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Material des Rohrprofils vor der Austenitisierung korrosionshindernd beschichtet wird.Under certain circumstances, it may be provided that the material of the pipe profile is coated to prevent corrosion before Austenitisierung.

Sofern das Rohrprofil vor der Austenitisierung beispielsweise verzinkt ist oder mit einer Aluminiumsiliziumbeschichtung versehen ist oder allgemein mit einer Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung,
so kann die Umformung des Rohrprofiles direkt ohne Schutzgas erfolgen.If, for example, the austenitizing tube profile is galvanized or provided with an aluminum-silicon coating or generally with an anticorrosive coating,
Thus, the deformation of the pipe profile can be done directly without inert gas.

Unter Umständen kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Austenitisierung und die Warmumformung unter Schutzgasatmosphäre vorgenommen wird.Under certain circumstances, however, it may also be provided that austenitization and hot forming are carried out under a protective gas atmosphere.

Hierbei kann ein Rohrprofil aus geeignetem lufthärtendem Stahl eingesetzt werden, welches nicht korrosionsbeschichtet ist. Durch die Schutzgasatmosphäre wird der Zutritt von Sauerstoff verhindert und somit eine ungewünschte Oxidation oder Verzunderung des Materials vermieden.Here, a tube profile made of suitable air-hardening steel can be used, which is not corrosion-coated. The protective gas atmosphere prevents the ingress of oxygen and thus avoids undesired oxidation or scaling of the material.

Zudem ist vorgesehen, dass das Rohrprofil auf 930 o C erwärmt und über mehrere Minuten auf dieser Temperatur gehalten wird, bevor die Warmumformung unmittelbar anschließend durchgeführt wird.In addition, it is provided that the tube profile is heated to 930 o C and over several minutes on this Temperature is maintained before the hot forming is performed immediately thereafter.

Die Erwärmung des Rohrprofiles auf Austenitisierungstemperatur kann beispielsweise in einem Ofen oder Durchlaufofen, oder auch konduktiv oder induktiv erfolgen.The heating of the tube profile to Austenitisierungstemperatur can be done for example in an oven or continuous furnace, or conductive or inductive.

Beispielsweise kann die Wärmebehandlung zum Zwecke der Austenitisierung bei 930 ° C unter Stickstoffatmosphäre erfolgen, wobei die Wärmebehandlung über mindestens dreizehn Minuten erfolgt, so dass die gewünschte Bauteiltemperatur erreicht wird. Über eine abgedichtete Entnahme und Zuführung wird das erhitzte Werkstück der zweistufigen Warmumformung zugeführt, die eine definierte Werkstofftemperatur vor jedem Umformvorgang erreicht und bei der eine partielle Abkühlung des Bauteiles im Werkzeug erfolgt. Durch die Schutzgasatmosphäre wird die Zunderbildung vermieden. Bei der Endabkühlung, vorzugsweise an Freiluft, auf Raumtemperatur wird eine höhere Duktilität in den Radien und Übergängen durch niedrigere Abkühlraten erreicht.For example, the heat treatment for the purpose of austenitizing at 930 ° C under nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the heat treatment is carried out for at least thirteen minutes, so that the desired component temperature is achieved. About a sealed removal and feeding the heated workpiece is fed to the two-stage hot forming, which reaches a defined material temperature before each forming process and in which there is a partial cooling of the component in the tool. Due to the protective gas atmosphere, the formation of scale is avoided. At the final cooling, preferably at open air, to room temperature, a higher ductility in the radii and transitions is achieved by lower cooling rates.

Vorzugsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil nach der Abkühlung gestrahlt wird.Preferably, it can be provided that the deformed tube profile is blasted after cooling.

Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil mit Glasperlen, Trockeneis oder Kugeln, insbesondere Stahlkugeln oder Körnern, gestrahlt wird.It can be provided that the deformed tube profile with glass beads, dry ice or balls, in particular steel balls or grains, is blasted.

Durch die entsprechende Strahlbehandlung wird Restzunder entfernt und eine
Oberflächenverdichtung erreicht. Anschließend kann eine Beschichtung im KTL-Verfahren erfolgen.By the corresponding blasting residual remainder is removed and a
Surface compaction achieved. Subsequently, a coating can take place in the KTL process.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner ein Rohrprofil als Querträger für eine Verbundlenkerachse eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bestehend aus einem Rohrprofil mit an den beiden Enden kreisförmigem Querschnitt, einem mittleren doppelwandigen U-förmigen Bereich und Übergangsabschnitten die von den kreisförmigen Enden kontinuierlich in den U-förmigen Bereich übergehen.The invention further relates to a tubular profile as a cross member for a torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle, consisting of a tubular profile with circular cross-section at the two ends, a middle double-walled U-shaped portion and transition portions which merge continuously from the circular ends in the U-shaped region.

Um ein für die angegebenen Zwecke besonders geeignetes Rohrprofil zur Verfügung zu stellen, schlägt die Erfindung vor, dass das Rohrprofil aus lufthärtendem Stahl besteht, an den beiden Enden eine Ringzone (a) mit einer Festigkeit von mehr als 800 MPa vorzugsweise mehr als 1000 MPa aufweist, im Übergangsbereich (b) zwischen den Enden (a) und dem U-förmigen Bereich (c) eine Festigkeit von mindestens 500 MPa bis höchstens 800 MPa aufweist, im U-förmigen Bereich (c) eine Festigkeit von mindestens 800 MPa, vorzugsweise mindestens 1000 MPa aufweist, und im Bereich der ohrförmigen Ränder des
U-förmigen Bereichs (c) eine Festigkeit von 550 bis
750 MPa aufweist.In order to provide a pipe profile which is particularly suitable for the purposes indicated, the invention proposes that the pipe profile consists of air-hardening steel having at the two ends a ring zone (a) with a strength of more than 800 MPa, preferably more than 1000 MPa , in the transition region (b) between the ends (a) and the U-shaped region (c) has a strength of at least 500 MPa to at most 800 MPa, in the U-shaped region (c) has a strength of at least 800 MPa, preferably at least 1000 MPa, and in the area of the ear-shaped edges of
U-shaped area (c) a strength of 550 to
750 MPa.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner ein Rohrprofil nach Anspruch 11, hergestellt nach dem Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10.The invention further provides a pipe profile according to claim 11, produced by the method according to one of claims 1 to 10.

In der Zeichnung ist ein fertiges Rohrprofil erfindungsgemäßer Art gezeigt und nachstehend näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Rohrprofil In Seitenansicht;
Figur I
das Profil gemäß Figur 1 im Schnitt I/I der Figur 1 gesehen;
Figur II
desgleichen im Schnitt II/II der Figur 1 gesehen;
Figur III
desgleichen im Schnitt III/III der Figur 1 gesehen;
Figur IV
desgleichen im Schnitt IV/IV der Figur 1 gesehen.
In the drawing, a finished pipe profile according to the invention is shown and explained in more detail below. It shows:
FIG. 1
an inventive tube profile in side view;
Figure I
the profile according to FIG. 1 on average I / I the FIG. 1 seen;
Figure II
likewise in section II / II of FIG. 1 seen;
Figure III
likewise in section III / III of FIG. 1 seen;
Figure IV
likewise in section IV / IV of FIG. 1 seen.

Die Zeichnungsfiguren zeigen ein fertiges Rohrprofil, welches nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt ist.The drawing figures show a finished tube profile, which is produced by the method according to the invention.

Wie in Figur 1 ersichtlich, weist das Rohrprofil an seinen beiden Enden kreisförmige Abschnitte 1 auf. Der Bereich, über den sich diese kreisförmigen Abschnitte erstrecken, ist mit a bezeichnet. An diesen Bereich a schließt sich ein weiterer Bereich b an. Dieser Bereich b ist ein Übergangsabschnitt, der kontinuierlich von dem Abschnitt a in den U-förmigen Mittelbereich c übergeht. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise wird ein Rohrprofil der gezeigten Art erzeugt, wobei die Festigkeit R m im Bereich a mindestens 1000 MPa beträgt. In dem Bereich b beträgt die Festigkeit R m mindestens 600 MPa. Ebenso beträgt die Festigkeit im Bereich der Ohren 3a mindestens 600 MPa, während die Festigkeit in dem mittleren doppelwandigen U-förmigen Bereich c mit Ausnahme der Ohren 3a eine Festigkeit von mindestens 1000 MPa aufweist.As in FIG. 1 can be seen, the tube profile at its two ends circular sections 1. The area over which these circular sections extend is indicated by a. This area a is followed by another area b. This area b is a transitional section continuously from the Section a in the U-shaped central area c passes. By the method according to the invention, a tube profile of the type shown is produced, wherein the strength R m in the region a is at least 1000 MPa. In the region b, the strength R m is at least 600 MPa. Likewise, the strength in the region of the ears 3a is at least 600 MPa, while the strength in the middle double-walled U-shaped region c, with the exception of the ears 3a, has a strength of at least 1000 MPa.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern im Rahmen der Gesamt-Offenbarung vielfach variabel.The invention is not limited to the embodiment, but in the context of the overall disclosure often variable.

Alle neuen, in der Beschreibung und/oder Zeichnung offenbarten Einzel- und Kombinationsmerkmale werden als erfindungswesentlich angesehen.All new, disclosed in the description and / or drawing single and combination features are considered essential to the invention.

Claims (12)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rohrprofils als Querträger für eine Verbundlenkerachse eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei welchem ein Rohr aus einem lufthärtenden Stahl in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt austenitisiert wird, in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt unter Beibehalt der Enden mit kreisrundem Querschnitt der mittlere Bereich einstufig oder zweistufig mittels eines Werkzeugober- und ―unterteils zu einem U-förmigen Querschnitt warm umgeformt wird, wobei die Übergangsbereiche zwischen den kreisrunden Enden und dem mittleren Bereich kontinuierlich vom kreisrunden zum U-förmigen Querschnitt übergehend ohne Werkzeugkontakt oder nur mit unterseitigen, einseitigem Werkzeugkontakt umgeformt werden.A method for producing a tubular profile as a cross member for a torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle, in which a tube austenitisiert from an air-hardening steel in a first process step, in a second process step while maintaining the ends with a circular cross-section of the central region in one or two stages by means of a Werkzeugober- -Unterteils is hot formed into a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the transition regions between the circular ends and the central region continuously from the circular to the U-shaped cross-section transiently without tool contact or only with underside, one-sided tool contact are formed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bei der Umformung des mittleren Bereiches gebildeten Ohren an den Rändern des U-förmigen Querschnitts während der Umformung frei von Berührung des Werkzeugober-und -unterteils gehalten werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ears formed during the deformation of the central region at the edges of the U-shaped cross-section during the forming are kept free of contact of the tool upper and lower part. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Warmumformung anschließend oder gleichzeitig mit der Warumumformung im mittleren Bereich eine Presshärtung durch Kühlung des Werkzeugober-und -unterteils erfolgt.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hot forming subsequently or simultaneously with the forging in the middle region, a press hardening takes place by cooling of the tool upper and lower part. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil im Anschluss an den Umformschnitt an Luft auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the deformed tube profile is cooled after the forming cut in air to room temperature. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil im Anschluss an den Umformschritt mit Wassernebel abgekühlt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the deformed tube profile is cooled after the forming step with water mist. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material des Rohrprofils vor der Austenitisierung korrosionshindernd beschichtet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the material of the pipe profile is coated to prevent corrosion before Austenitisierung. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Austenitisierung und die Warmumformung unter Schutzgasatmosphäre vorgenommen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the austenitization and the hot forming is carried out under a protective gas atmosphere. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohrprofil auf etwa 930 ° C erwärmt und über mehrere Minuten auf dieser Temperatur gehalten wird, bevor die Warmumformung unmittelbar anschließend durchgeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tube profile is heated to about 930 ° C and held for several minutes at this temperature, before the hot forming is carried out immediately thereafter. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil nach der Abkühlung gestrahlt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the deformed tube profile is blasted after cooling. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das umgeformte Rohrprofil mit Glasperlen, Trockeneis oder Kugeln, insbesondere Stahlkugeln oder Körnern, gestrahlt wird.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the deformed tube profile with glass beads, dry ice or balls, especially steel balls or grains, is blasted. Rohrprofil als Querträger für eine Verbundlenkerachse eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bestehend aus einem Rohrprofil mit an den beiden Enden kreisförmigem Querschnitt (1), einem mittleren doppelwandigen U-förmigen Bereich (2,3) und Übergangsabschnitten die von den kreisförmigen Enden (1) kontinuierlich in den U―förmigen Bereich (2,3) übergehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohrprofil aus lufthärtendem Stahl besteht, an den beiden Enden eine Ringzone (a) mit einer Festigkeit von mehr als 800 MPa vorzugsweise von mehr als 1000 MPa aufweist, im Übergangsbereich (b) zwischen den Enden (a) und dem U-förmigen Bereich (c) eine Festigkeit von mindestens 500 MPa bis höchstens 800 MPa aufweist, im U-förmigen Bereich (c) eine Festigkeit von mindestens 800 MPa vorzugsweise 1000 MPa aufweist, und im Bereich der ohrförmigen Ränder (3a) des U-förmigen Bereichs (c) eine Festigkeit von 550 bis 750 MPa aufweist.Tube profile as a cross member for a torsion beam axle of a motor vehicle, consisting of a tubular profile with circular cross-section at the two ends (1), a central double-walled U-shaped region (2,3) and transition sections of the circular ends (1) continuously in the U -Shaped area (2,3), characterized in that the pipe profile consists of air-hardening steel, at the two ends of an annular zone (a) having a strength of more than 800 MPa, preferably of more than 1000 MPa, in the transition region (b ) between the ends (a) and the U-shaped region (c) has a strength of at least 500 MPa to at most 800 MPa, in the U-shaped region (c) has a strength of at least 800 MPa, preferably 1000 MPa, and in the range the ear-shaped edges (3a) of the U-shaped portion (c) has a strength of 550 to 750 MPa. Rohrprofil nach Anspruch 11, hergestellt nach dem Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10.Pipe profile according to claim 11, produced by the method according to one of claims 1 to 10.
EP11005966.4A 2010-11-02 2011-07-21 Method for producing a tubular profile Active EP2446977B1 (en)

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EP2708294A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-19 Johannes Meier Werkzeugbau GmbH Method for producing a torsion profile
CN104492902A (en) * 2014-12-08 2015-04-08 无锡朗贤汽车组件研发中心有限公司 Production device of heat molding and water cooling process of uniform-section boron steel pipes
CN105234309A (en) * 2014-07-07 2016-01-13 本特勒汽车技术有限公司 Method for producing a torsional profile from a tubular hollow profile, and torsional profile
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JP6893637B2 (en) * 2017-07-27 2021-06-23 株式会社ワイテック Vehicle torsion beam structure
DE102017223374A1 (en) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a profile component and profile component

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DE102020100461A1 (en) 2020-01-10 2021-07-15 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Method and device for processing a metal pipe

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