EP2439337B1 - Concrete-free anchoring device - Google Patents
Concrete-free anchoring device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2439337B1 EP2439337B1 EP11184164.9A EP11184164A EP2439337B1 EP 2439337 B1 EP2439337 B1 EP 2439337B1 EP 11184164 A EP11184164 A EP 11184164A EP 2439337 B1 EP2439337 B1 EP 2439337B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- plate element
- anchoring device
- plate
- surface area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940082150 encore Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2253—Mounting poles or posts to the holder
- E04H12/2269—Mounting poles or posts to the holder in a socket
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
- E01F9/658—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
- E01F9/673—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for holding sign posts or the like
- E01F9/685—Subsoil means, e.g. foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2253—Mounting poles or posts to the holder
- E04H12/2261—Mounting poles or posts to the holder on a flat base
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of road signs. More particularly, the invention relates to the anchoring of the road signs of road signs.
- a signaling element generally consists of a sign posted to a vertical support of longitudinal tubular shape.
- the patent US7694487 B1 discloses a tubular pole for a light or other electrical device is mounted in the ground by means of an anchor composed of a vertical sleeve and a flange which extends horizontally from the lower end of the sleeve.
- the patent application GB 2,104,935 A discloses a support for a fence post comprising an elongate housing adapted to receive a post portion, and a plurality of members projecting laterally outwardly from the housing.
- the patent application JP 2007 126900 A discloses an anchoring device for a panel support, comprising a column at the end of which is a bottom plate covered with earth.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for anchoring a traffic sign, improved compared to the state of the art.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an anchoring device which require a reduced installation time compared to the state of the art.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an anchoring device that does not require concrete for its installation and that produces no volume of cut while allowing to obtain mechanical capabilities of maintaining the panel signaling which are not inferior to those of known techniques of the state of the art.
- Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an anchoring device which avoids any risk of drilling an underground network (gas, hydraulic or electrical).
- an anchoring device 1 comprises a plate element 10.
- This plate element has a general shape of rectangular plate (preferably square) with a side "a” preferably measuring 50 to 80 cm with a thickness "e" ranging from 1 to 10 cm.
- the plate member may be of any other form suitable for a signboard anchoring application such as a circular section shape with a diameter ranging from 70 cm to 120 cm for example.
- the anchoring device further comprises a sheath 12, of cylindrical shape about an axis "A" perpendicular to the plane formed by the plate member 10 and passing through its center "C".
- the sleeve 12 is fixed to the plate and is intended to receive the support 20 of a signaling panel 2.
- Such a support 20 presents generally a longitudinal tubular shape of circular or rectangular section.
- the sheath 12 comprises means 13 for fixing the support 20 in the sheath 12 such as fasteners, clipping elements, fixation by deformation, gluing or welding or any other fastening means known from the state of the art. .
- the sheath 12 is preferably of inner and outer rectangular, square or circular section but may be of any other shape, such as an open or polygonal section, complementary to the outer section of the sign board support and to accommodate it.
- the sheath 12 is attached to the plate member 10 perpendicular to the latter by welding or any other known means of the state of the art.
- the anchoring device can be transported and / or stored in separate form, in "kit” - that is to say that the sleeve 12 and the plate member 10 are separated from each other .
- the connection between the sheath 12 and the plate member 10 may have a degree of freedom for the articulation between these two elements 10 and 12.
- the final assembly is done on site by consolidating the sheath 12 with the element in plate 10 using for example a locking member for locking the connection between the sleeve 12 and the plate member 10.
- the sheath 12 has a rectangular or square section of side ranging from 30 to 100 mm or a circular section with a diameter ranging from 20 to 120 mm.
- the height of the sheath 12 is preferably from 30 to 60 cm.
- the rectangular shape of the plate element makes it possible to offer resistance to the rotation of the anchoring device around the axis A.
- the rectangular section of the sleeve makes it possible to avoid any rotation of the support 20 of the indoor signboard (in addition to the aforementioned fastening means).
- the difficulty of replacing concrete (used in the prior art processes) by simple earth is that the forces transverse to the main axis of the sign support (i.e. vertical axis) to which is submitted the signaling panel 2 and / or its support 20 (and thus the sleeve 12) are less well taken up by the earth T than by the concrete (the dry concrete being harder than the compacted earth). Consequently, it is essential that the device comprises means for accommodating transverse forces to which the sheath would be subjected. Indeed, it is essential that the anchor allows to maintain vertical support of the sign despite the efforts that would be applied.
- the device according to the invention comprises ribs 14 (also called gussets or stiffeners) attached to the plate member 10 and the sleeve 14 so as to distribute at least a portion of the transverse forces received by the sleeve 12 on the element
- ribs 14 are preferably made in the form of fins extending on the one hand along a half-diagonal of the plate element 10 and on the other hand along a lower part. the sheath 12 on a height ranging from 2 cm to 20 cm.
- these ribs are arranged vertically and are of triangular outline. More particularly, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the ribs have essentially a triangular plate shape at right angles. They are arranged vertically (that is to say that the plane from the triangular plate of a fin is vertical). These ribs are arranged such that a first adjacent side of the right angle is fixed all along the plate and a second adjacent side of the right angle is fixed against the sleeve 12 along a generator of this sheath.
- the anchoring device 1 comprises a plurality of portions 16 of annular space around the sleeve 12 extending radially beyond the plate member 10; that is, those annular space portions 16, from the outward main axis A, protrude beyond the surface of the plate member 10, said annular space portions 16 being free of any constituent element of the anchoring device.
- the shape of the device is such that it does not include any vertical element parallel to the sheath 12 as a peripheral rim that remade over the entire height of the sheath.
- the sheath 12 protrudes from the peripheral edge of the plate member 10 along its height (that is, from the axis A).
- portions 16 of annular space are defined between the ribs 14 of the anchoring device and preferably extend over the entire height H of the sleeve 12 above the plate 10. These portions 16 allowing, once the device of anchored in the ground, to be filled by the earth T when the anchoring device is buried 1. Once the earth T around the sheath 12 has been packed, a retention force F is also distributed on the plate element 10 around the sheath 12 and makes it possible to offer a large retention support surface Sr extending radially beyond the plate element 1.
- the anchoring device according to the invention makes it possible to offer a retention surface (and therefore a retention force) increased compared to the state of the art to counter the transverse forces applied to the traffic sign.
- the plate member 10 further comprises one or more wall (s) 104 located on the peripheral edge of the plate member 10.
- the height "E" of these flanges does not exceed one tenth of the height H of the sleeve 12 so as to ensure a retention bearing surface as explained above.
- These walls 104 have an effect of stiffening the plate and resistance to transverse forces to which the plate element 10 is subjected.
- the sheath 12 exceeds walls 104 (and therefore their height "e"), along its height (that is to say, the axis A), a height H1.
- the sheath 12 exceeds a height H1 greater than half the height H of the sheath 12.
- the sheath 12 protrudes from the walls 104 of the peripheral edge of the plate element 10, along its height, a height greater than 15 cm.
- the ribs 14 attached to the plate member 10 and the sheath 12 have an area of between 35cm 2 and 600cm 2 .
- the ratio of the height H of the sleeve 12 relative to the maximum distance between the peripheral edge of the plate and the main axis A of the sleeve is between 1/3 and 3.
- the plate element 10 further comprises at least one light 102 outside the space surrounded by the sheath 12 and preferably a plurality of lights 102 evenly distributed over the entire surface of the plate element 10.
- the lights advantageously have a circular shape with a diameter ranging from 2 to 10 cm. These lights allow a better settlement of the earth T by a communication between the ground under and the earth located on the plate element 10. In addition, these lights allow a better drainage of the water contained in the earth between the above and the underside of the plate member 10, especially in case of rain.
- the plate element consists of a metal mesh on which is fixed a sheath.
- the device is intended to be placed in the ground, in a hole whose depth is equivalent to the height H of the sheath (the burial depth and the height H of the sheath may have a difference of up to plus or minus 10% of the height of the sheath).
- the upper part of the sleeve 12 is at the surface of the ground S and a lower part of the support 20 of the signaling panel 2 is located below the ground level S.
- This arrangement allows to provide a significant mating surface in the ground S of the sleeve 12 and the support 20 of the signaling panel so as to minimize the shearing forces of the support 20 on the sheath 12 when transverse forces are applied on the road sign 2.
- FIGS 5a and 5b show another embodiment of an anchoring device 1 according to one aspect of the invention.
- the plate member 10 comprises a plurality of lumens 102 uniformly distributed over said plate member 10. These lumens 102 are dimensioned so that they represent a surface area typically between 10 and 30% of the total area of the plate. plate member 10, i.e. between 10 and 30%, or more precisely between 15 and 20% of the area a 2 for a plate member 10 having sides of length a.
- the ribs 14 are here doubled; two ribs 14 extend from the sleeve 12 to each side of the plate member 10 which here has a substantially square section. These ribs 14 typically extend to the walls 104 described above.
- the sleeve 12 is substantially square; and two ribs 14 are connected to each of its edges, the two ribs connected to a same edge extending from the sleeve 12 to two adjacent distinct sides of the plate member 10.
- Recesses 105 are arranged between two ribs 14 extending from the sleeve 12 to the same side of the plate member 10, each of these recesses 105 being dimensioned so that the sleeve 12 can pass through. These recesses 105 are dimensioned so that they represent a surface typically between 10 and 30%, or more precisely between 10 and 20% of the total surface of the plate element 10, that is to say between 10 and 30%. and 30% of the area has 2 for a plate member 10 having sides of length a.
- the total perforation rate of the plate member is defined. 10 as the sum of the total area of the lumens 102 and the total area of the recesses 105 divided by the total area of the plate member 10.
- the total perforation of the plate member 10 is then 32.3%.
- the total perforation of the plate member 10 is then between 25 and 40%.
- the plate member 10 thus comprises two recesses 105, arranged on either side of the sleeve 12. These recesses have a generally trapezoidal section, widening from the sleeve 12 towards the edges of the plate member 10 Thus, it is ensured that each of the recesses 105 allows the sheath 12 to pass through an identical or similar anchoring device 1 through the plate element 10.
- This particular embodiment has several advantages arising from its specific characteristics.
- the multitude of lights 102 as well as the recesses 105 makes it possible to lighten the anchoring device 1, and to facilitate its installation by allowing the flow of fluids and the earth through the plate element 10
- the recesses 105 make it possible to facilitate the handling and the storage of the anchoring devices 1 by making it possible to stack them, which considerably reduces their bulk.
- a protocol is provided to test the strength of the anchoring device 1 once buried, including transverse forces that would be applied to the road sign.
- a rigid frame 30 dimensionally stable (with respect to the load to be applied) fixed to the ground to provide a fixed reference relative to the terrestrial reference.
- This frame 30 is provided with a hoist 32 connected to a first side 340 of a force sensor 34 (as a load cell).
- the force sensor is connected on the other side 342 to a traffic sign 2 (or any longitudinal element simulating a traffic sign support) in place in the sheath 12 of the buried anchoring device so that the hoist 32 can exert an effort Ft on the sign 20.
- the force Ft is applied to a point situated on the signaling panel 2 at a height Ht of 2000 mm from the ground S.
- the force Ft is applied in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the ground S.
- a fixed marker 36 is fixed close to the signaling panel 2 and is connected thereto by a sensor 38 for measuring the deformation.
- the sensor 38 is preferably located at a height of 1500 mm from the ground and comprises means for measuring the horizontal distance Dt separating the signaling panel 2 at the fixed reference 36 at the sensor 38. The calibration of the sensor 38 is then carried out no effort Ft is applied by the hoist on the road sign 2.
- a force Ft is applied by the hoist on the support 20 of the signaling panel 2. This effort is measured using the force sensor 34. Once the force applied, the deformation is measured. using the sensor 38.
- the results are as follows: Dimensions of the plate element (mm) Depth of the hole (mm) Allowable moment class Excavated soil Sandy type soil 520x520 400 100 daNm 100 daNm 500x500 400 100 daNm 100 daNm 480x480 400 100 daNm 100 daNm 450x450 400 100 daNm 100 daNm 730x730 500 500 daNm 250 daNm 700x700 500 250 daNm 250 daNm 650x600 500 250 daNm 250 daNm 600x600 500 250 daNm 250 daNm 250 daNm 250 daNm
- the maximum retention force is not less than 1550 daN.m.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne le domaine de la signalisation routière. Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne l'ancrage des supports de panneaux de signalisation routière au sol.The invention relates to the field of road signs. More particularly, the invention relates to the anchoring of the road signs of road signs.
Un élément de signalisation est constitué généralement d'un panneau de signalisation fixé à un support vertical de forme tubulaire longitudinale.A signaling element generally consists of a sign posted to a vertical support of longitudinal tubular shape.
Dans ce domaine, on connaît de nombreux dispositifs et procédés de l'état de la technique permettant d'ancrer les panneaux de signalisation routière. Parmi ceux-ci, on connaît notamment les procédés utilisant un fourreau apte à accueillir un support de panneau de signalisation.In this field, many devices and methods of the state of the art are known for anchoring the road signs. Among these, the processes using a sheath capable of accommodating a traffic sign support are particularly known.
En référence aux figures la à 1g et selon un procédé connu de l'état de la technique, on connaît le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
- creuser un trou (étape illustrée à la
figure 1a ), - retirer le déblai résultant de la formation du trou (étape illustrée à la
figure 1b ), - préparer du béton frais par exemple dans une bétonnerie (étape illustrée à la
figure 1e ), - installer un fourreau dans le trou creusé et couler du béton frais autour du fourreau (étape illustrée à la
figure 1d ), - attendre que le béton sèche (étape illustrée à la
figure 1e ), - une fois le béton sec, installer le panneau de signalisation routière dans le fourreau (étape illustrée à la
figure 1f ), et - mettre une couche de terre au dessus du béton autour du fourreau pour un meilleur aspect esthétique (étape illustrée à la
figure 1g ).
- dig a hole (illustrated step in the
figure 1a ) - remove the excavation resulting from the formation of the hole (illustrated in step
figure 1b ) - prepare fresh concrete for example in a concrete (step illustrated in
figure 1e ) - install a scabbard in the dug hole and pour fresh concrete around the sheath (step illustrated in
figure 1d ) - wait for the concrete to dry (step illustrated in
figure 1e ) - once the concrete is dry, install the road sign in the sheath (step illustrated in
figure 1f ), and - put a layer of soil over the concrete around the sheath for a better aesthetic appearance (step illustrated in
figure 1g ).
En référence aux
- creuser un trou (étape illustrée à la
figure 2a ), - retirer le déblai résultant de la formation du trou (étape illustrée à la
figure 2b ), - installer un fourreau dans le trou creusé et installer du béton sous forme de plaques préfabriquées autour du fourreau (étape illustrée à la
figure 2c ), - installer le panneau de signalisation routière dans le fourreau (étape illustrée à la
figure 2d ), et - mettre une couche de terre au-dessus des plaques de béton autour du fourreau pour un meilleur aspect esthétique (étape illustrée à la
figure 2e ).
- dig a hole (illustrated step in the
figure 2a ) - remove the excavation resulting from the formation of the hole (illustrated in step
figure 2b ) - install a scabbard in the dug hole and install concrete in the form of prefabricated plates around the scabbard (step illustrated in
Figure 2c ) - install the road sign in the sheath (illustrated in step
figure 2d ), and - put a layer of soil over the concrete slabs around the sheath for a better aesthetic appearance (step illustrated in
figure 2e ).
Toutefois l'ensemble de ces techniques ne donne pas entière satisfaction en ce que d'une part elles requièrent du béton (soit frais, soit sous forme de plaques préfabriquées), ce qui représente un coût en matière première et en transport ; et d'autre part un volume de déblai (correspondant au volume du trou creusé) résulte de ces techniques.However all these techniques are not entirely satisfactory in that on the one hand they require concrete (either fresh or in the form of prefabricated plates), which represents a cost of raw material and transport; and on the other hand a volume of cut (corresponding to the volume of the dug hole) results from these techniques.
En référence aux
- enfoncer un pieu dans le sol par exemple à l'aide d'une pilonneuse (étape illustrée à la
figure 3a ), - retirer le pieu du sol (étape illustrée à la
figure 3b ), - enfoncer un fourreau dans le trou laissé par le pieu, par exemple à l'aide d'une pilloneuse (étape illustrée à la
figure 3c ), - installer le panneau de signalisation routière dans le fourreau (étape illustrée à la
figure 3d ), - sécuriser le panneau dans le fourreau (étape illustrée à la
figure 3e ), - mettre une couche de terre autour du fourreau pour un meilleur aspect esthétique (étape illustrée à la
figure 3f ).
- driving a pile into the ground, for example using a rammer (a step illustrated in
figure 3a ) - remove the pile from the ground (step illustrated in
figure 3b ) - push a sheath into the hole left by the pile, for example with the help of a plow (illustrated in step
figure 3c ) - install the road sign in the sheath (illustrated in step
figure 3d ) - secure the panel in the sheath (step illustrated in
figure 3e ) - put a layer of soil around the sheath for a better aesthetic appearance (illustrated step in
figure 3f ).
L'inconvénient avec ce procédé est le risque de percuter un réseau enterré comme un réseau de gaz, un réseau hydraulique ou un réseau électrique avec les dangers que cela peut représenter. De plus, un tel procédé nécessite un minimum d'outillage encombrant ainsi qu'une source d'énergie. De plus, des critiques ont été émises quant au maintien mécanique du support de panneau de signalisation qui n'était suffisant pour une telle application.The disadvantage with this method is the risk of striking a buried network such as a gas network, a hydraulic network or an electrical network with the dangers that this may represent. In addition, such a method requires a minimum of bulky tools as well as a source of energy. In addition, criticism was voiced as to the mechanical maintenance of the sign support which was not sufficient for such an application.
En référence aux
Le brevet
La demande de brevet
La demande de brevet
Un but de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé et un dispositif d'ancrage d'un panneau de signalisation, améliorés par rapport à l'état de la technique.An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for anchoring a traffic sign, improved compared to the state of the art.
Plus particulièrement, un but de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé et un dispositif d'ancrage qui nécessitent un temps d'installation réduit par rapport à l'état de la technique.More particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an anchoring device which require a reduced installation time compared to the state of the art.
Plus particulièrement encore, un but de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé et un dispositif d'ancrage ne nécessitant pas de béton pour son installation et qui ne produit aucun volume de déblai tout en permettant d'obtenir des capacités mécaniques de maintien du panneau de signalisation qui ne soient pas inférieurs à celles des techniques connues de l'état de la technique.More particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an anchoring device that does not require concrete for its installation and that produces no volume of cut while allowing to obtain mechanical capabilities of maintaining the panel signaling which are not inferior to those of known techniques of the state of the art.
Encore un autre but de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé et un dispositif d'ancrage qui évitent tout risque de perçage d'un réseau souterrain (gazier, hydraulique ou électrique).Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an anchoring device which avoids any risk of drilling an underground network (gas, hydraulic or electrical).
A cet effet, l'invention propose un dispositif d'ancrage d'un élément à ancrer, notamment pour la fixation d'un support de panneau de signalisation, comprenant :
- un élément en plaque destiné à être placé en position horizontale, dans le sol, dans le fond d'un trou, à l'utilisation,
- un fourreau formant un logement longitudinal destiné à la réception de l'élément à ancrer, notamment un support de panneau de signalisation, le fourreau étant fixé sur l'élément en plaque,
- des nervures fixées à l'élément en plaque et au fourreau de manière à répartir au moins une partie des efforts transversaux reçus par le fourreau sur l'élément en plaque,
le dispositif d'ancrage étant remarquable en ce que l'élément en plaque comprend au moins un évidement, ledit évidement étant dimensionné de sorte qu'il permette le passage du fourreau au travers dudit élément de plaque.For this purpose, the invention proposes a device for anchoring an element to be anchored, in particular for fixing a traffic sign support, comprising:
- a plate element intended to be placed in a horizontal position, in the ground, in the bottom of a hole, in use,
- a sleeve forming a longitudinal housing for receiving the element to be anchored, in particular a signaling panel support, the sleeve being fixed on the plate element,
- ribs attached to the plate member and the sleeve so as to distribute at least a portion of the transverse forces received by the sleeve on the plate member,
the anchoring device being remarkable in that the plate member comprises at least one recess, said recess being dimensioned so that it allows the passage of the sleeve through said plate member.
Avantageusement mais facultativement, l'invention comprend au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes :
- ▪ ledit au moins un évidement est ménagé entre deux nervures s'étendant à partir du fourreau vers un même côté de l'élément de plaque,
- ▪ le ou les évidements sont dimensionnés de sorte qu'ils représentent une surface comprise entre 10% et 30% de la surface totale de l'élément de plaque,
- ▪ l'élément de plaque comprend deux évidements ménagés de part et d'autre du fourreau,
- ▪ le ou les évidements ont une section trapézoïdale, s'élargissant à partir du fourreau vers les bords de l'élément de plaque,
- ▪ l'élément en plaque comprend au moins une lumière traversante à l'extérieur du fourreau,
- ▪ l'élément en plaque comprend une pluralité de lumières réparties régulièrement sur toute sa surface,
- ▪ le bord périphérique de l'élément en plaque comprend en outre au moins un muret situé en périphérie dudit élément en plaque,
- ▪ la hauteur du muret de l'élément en plaque est inférieure à 10% de la hauteur du fourreau,
- ▪ l'élément en plaque présente une section rectangulaire,
- ▪ les nervures fixées à l'élément en plaque et au fourreau sont de contour triangulaire,
- ▪ les nervures fixées à l'élément en plaque et au fourreau présentent une surface comprise entre 35cm2 et 600 cm2,
- ▪ le rapport de la hauteur du fourreau par rapport à la distance maximale entre le bord périphérique de la plaque et l'axe principal du fourreau est compris entre 1/3 et 3.
- Said at least one recess is formed between two ribs extending from the sheath towards the same side of the plate element,
- The recess or recesses are dimensioned so that they represent an area of between 10% and 30% of the total surface area of the plate element,
- The plate element comprises two recesses formed on each side of the sheath,
- The recess or recesses have a trapezoidal section, widening from the sheath towards the edges of the plate element,
- The plate element comprises at least one through-light outside the sheath,
- The plate element comprises a plurality of lights distributed regularly over its entire surface,
- The peripheral edge of the plate element further comprises at least one wall located at the periphery of said plate element,
- The height of the wall of the plate element is less than 10% of the height of the sheath,
- The plate element has a rectangular section,
- The ribs attached to the plate element and to the sheath are of triangular outline,
- ▪ the ribs fixed to the plate and to the sleeve member have a surface area of 35cm 2 and 600 cm 2,
- ▪ the ratio of the height of the sleeve relative to the maximum distance between the peripheral edge of the plate and the main axis of the sleeve is between 1/3 and 3.
L'invention concerne également un dispositif d'ancrage d'un élément à ancrer notamment pour la fixation d'un support de panneau de signalisation caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
- ▪ un élément en plaque de forme rectangulaire dont les cotés mesurent entre 50 à 80 cm,
- ▪ un fourreau de forme tubulaire de section interne rectangulaire formant un logement longitudinal destiné à la réception de l'élément à ancrer notamment un support de panneau de signalisation, le fourreau étant fixé perpendiculairement sur l'élément en plaque, la hauteur du fourreau étant comprise entre de 30 et 60cm,
- ▪ quatre nervures fixées à l'élément en plaque et au fourreau de manière à répartir au moins une partie des efforts transversaux reçus par le fourreau sur l'élément en plaque, s'étendant chacune d'une part le long des demi-diagonales de l'élément en plaque et d'autre part le long du fourreau sur une hauteur allant de 2 cm à 20cm,
- ▪ une pluralité de portions d'espace annulaire autour du fourreau s'étendant radialement au-delà l'élément en plaque, lesdites pluralités de portions d'espace annulaire étant libres de tout élément constitutif du dispositif d'ancrage
- ▪ au moins un évidement dans l'élément de plaque, ledit évidement étant dimensionné de sorte qu'il permette le passage du fourreau au travers dudit élément de plaque.
- ▪ a plate element of rectangular shape whose sides measure between 50 to 80 cm,
- A tubular sheath of rectangular internal section forming a longitudinal housing for receiving the element to be anchored including a sign board support, the sheath being fixed perpendicularly to the plate member, the height of the sheath being between 30 and 60cm,
- ▪ four ribs fixed to the plate member and the sheath so as to distribute at least a portion of the transverse forces received by the sheath on the plate member, each extending on the one hand along the half-diagonals of the plate element and secondly along the sheath on a height of 2 cm to 20 cm,
- A plurality of annular space portions around the sheath extending radially beyond the plate element, said pluralities of annular space portions being free of any constituent element of the anchoring device
- ▪ at least one recess in the plate member, said recess being dimensioned so that it allows the passage of the sleeve through said plate member.
L'invention concerne aussi un procédé d'installation d'un dispositif d'ancrage d'un élément à ancrer notamment pour la fixation d'un support de panneau de signalisation, le dispositif d'ancrage comprenant un élément en plaque et un fourreau agencé perpendiculairement à l'élément en plaque et formant un logement longitudinal destiné à la réception de l'élément à ancrer notamment un support de panneau de signalisation, fixé sur l'élément en plaque, le procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins les étapes suivantes :
- creuser un trou d'une profondeur égale à la hauteur du fourreau, adaptée à la hauteur du fourreau du dispositif d'ancrage et d'une section correspondante à la surface de l'élément en plaque,
- placer le dispositif d'ancrage dans ledit trou tel que l'élément en plaque soit agencé de manière horizontal dans le trou et que le fourreau s'étende verticalement depuis l'élément en plaque vers l'extérieur du trou,
- replacer la terre sur le pourtour du fourreau du dispositif d'ancrage,
- tasser la terre située sur le pourtour du fourreau,
- placer un élément à ancrer, comme un panneau de signalisation, dans ledit fourreau.
- dig a hole with a depth equal to the height of the sheath, adapted to the height of the sheath of the anchoring device and a section corresponding to the surface of the plate element,
- placing the anchoring device in said hole such that the plate member is arranged horizontally in the hole and the sleeve extends vertically from the plate member out of the hole,
- replace the earth around the perimeter of the sheath of the anchoring device,
- tamp the earth on the edge of the sheath,
- placing an element to anchor, such as a sign, in said sheath.
D'autres but, avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre au regard des figures annexées, données à titre illustratif et sur lesquelles :
- les figures la à 1g représentent un procédé d'ancrage d'un panneau de signalisation connu de l'état de la technique,
- les
figures 2a à 2e représentent un autre procédé d'ancrage d'un panneau de signalisation connu de l'état de la technique, - les
figures 3a à 3f représentent encore un autre procédé d'ancrage d'un panneau de signalisation connu de l'état de la technique, - la
figure 4a représente schématiquement un dispositif d'ancrage, - les
figures 4b et 4c représentent des vues respectives de côté et de dessus du dispositif d'ancrage selon lafigure 4a , - les
figures 5a et 5b présentent deux vues d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'ancrage selon un aspect de l'invention, - la
figure 6 représente un protocole pour tester la résistance du panneau de signalisation à des efforts transversaux et/ou d'arrachement, - les
figures 7a à 7e représentent un procédé d'ancrage d'un panneau de signalisation selon une réalisation possible de la présente invention, - la
figure 8 représente un graphe fonctionnel du procédé selon lesfigures 7a à 7e , - les
figures 9a et 9b sont respectivement une représentation en vue cavalière et une vue en coupe selon le plan VIIIb-VIIIb d'un dispositif d'ancrage selon l'état de la technique.
- FIGS. 1a to 1g show a method of anchoring a traffic sign known from the state of the art,
- the
FIGS. 2a to 2e represent another method of anchoring a traffic sign known from the state of the art, - the
Figures 3a to 3f represent yet another method of anchoring a traffic sign known from the state of the art, - the
figure 4a schematically represents an anchoring device, - the
Figures 4b and 4c represent respective side and top views of the anchoring device according to thefigure 4a , - the
Figures 5a and 5b show two views of another embodiment of an anchoring device according to one aspect of the invention, - the
figure 6 represents a protocol for testing the resistance of the traffic sign to transverse and / or tearing forces, - the
Figures 7a to 7e represent a method of anchoring a traffic sign according to a possible embodiment of the present invention, - the
figure 8 represents a functional graph of the process according toFigures 7a to 7e , - the
Figures 9a and 9b are respectively a representation in a cavalier view and a sectional view along the VIIIb-VIIIb plane of an anchoring device according to the state of the art.
En référence aux
Le dispositif d'ancrage comprend en outre un fourreau 12, de forme cylindrique autour d'un axe « A » perpendiculaire au plan formé par l'élément en plaque 10 et passant par son centre « C ». Le fourreau 12 est fixé à la plaque et est destiné à recevoir le support 20 d'un panneau de signalisation 2. Un tel support 20 présente généralement une forme tubulaire longitudinale de section circulaire ou rectangulaire. Le fourreau 12 comprend des moyens 13 de fixation du support 20 dans le fourreau 12 tel que des éléments de visserie, des éléments de clippage, une fixation par déformation, collage ou soudage ou tout autre moyen de fixation connu de l'état de la technique.The anchoring device further comprises a
Le fourreau 12 est préférentiellement de section interne et externe rectangulaire, carrée ou circulaire mais peut être de toute autre forme, comme une section ouverte ou polygonale, complémentaire à la section externe du support de panneau de signalisation et permettant de l'accueillir. Le fourreau 12 est fixé à l'élément en plaque 10 de façon perpendiculaire à ce dernier par soudage ou tout autre moyen connu de l'état de la technique. Avantageusement, le dispositif d'ancrage peut être transporté et/ou stocké sous forme séparée, en «kit» - c'est-à-dire que le fourreau 12 et l'élément en plaque 10 sont séparés l'un de l'autre. Alternativement, la liaison entre le fourreau 12 et l'élément en plaque 10 peut présenter un degré de liberté pour l'articulation entre ces deux éléments 10 et 12. L'assemblage final se fait sur place en consolidant le fourreau 12 avec l'élément en plaque 10 à l'aide par exemple d'un élément de verrouillage permettant de verrouiller la liaison entre le fourreau 12 et l'élément en plaque 10.The
Préférentiellement, le fourreau 12 présente une section rectangulaire ou carré de coté allant de 30 à 100 mm ou une section circulaire avec un diamètre allant de 20 à 120 mm. La hauteur du fourreau 12 va préférentiellement de 30 à 60 cm.Preferably, the
La forme rectangulaire de l'élément en plaque permet d'offrir une résistance à la rotation du dispositif d'ancrage autour de l'axe A. De la même manière, la section rectangulaire du fourreau permet d'éviter toute rotation du support 20 du panneau de signalisation à l'intérieur (en plus des moyens de fixation précédemment cités).The rectangular shape of the plate element makes it possible to offer resistance to the rotation of the anchoring device around the axis A. In the same way, the rectangular section of the sleeve makes it possible to avoid any rotation of the
La difficulté de remplacer le béton (utilisé dans les procédés selon l'état de la technique) par de la simple terre est que les forces transversales à l'axe principal du support du panneau de signalisation (c'est-à-dire l'axe vertical) auxquelles est soumis le panneau de signalisation 2 et/ou son support 20 (et donc le fourreau 12) sont moins bien reprises par la terre T que par le béton (le béton sec étant plus dur que la terre compactée). En conséquence, il est primordial que le dispositif comprenne des moyens pour accueillir des efforts transversaux auxquels serait soumis le fourreau. En effet, il est primordial que l'ancrage permette de maintenir vertical le support du panneau de signalisation malgré les efforts qui lui seraient appliqués.The difficulty of replacing concrete (used in the prior art processes) by simple earth is that the forces transverse to the main axis of the sign support (i.e. vertical axis) to which is submitted the
Ainsi le dispositif selon l'invention comprend des nervures 14 (appelées également goussets ou raidisseurs) fixées à l'élément en plaque 10 et au fourreau 14 de manière à répartir au moins une partie des efforts transversaux reçus par le fourreau 12 sur l'élément en plaque 10. Ces nervures 14 sont préférentiellement réalisées sous la forme d'ailettes s'étendant d'une part le long d'une demi-diagonale de l'élément en plaque 10 et d'autre part le long d'une partie basse du fourreau 12 sur une hauteur allant de 2 cm à 20 cm.Thus the device according to the invention comprises ribs 14 (also called gussets or stiffeners) attached to the
Plus préférentiellement encore, ces nervures sont agencées verticalement et sont de contour triangulaire. Plus particulièrement, selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention, les nervures ont essentiellement une forme de plaque triangulaire à angle droit. Elles sont agencées verticalement (c'est-à-dire que le plan issu de la plaque triangulaire d'une ailette est vertical). Ces nervures sont agencées de telle manière qu'un premier côté adjacent de l'angle droit est fixé tout son long sur la plaque et qu'un deuxième côté adjacent de l'angle droit est fixé contre le fourreau 12 le long d'une génératrice de ce fourreau.More preferably still, these ribs are arranged vertically and are of triangular outline. More particularly, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the ribs have essentially a triangular plate shape at right angles. They are arranged vertically (that is to say that the plane from the triangular plate of a fin is vertical). These ribs are arranged such that a first adjacent side of the right angle is fixed all along the plate and a second adjacent side of the right angle is fixed against the
De plus, le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend une pluralité de portions 16 d'espace annulaire autour du fourreau 12 s'étendant radialement au-delà l'élément en plaque 10; c'est-à-dire que ces portions 16 d'espace annulaire, partant de l'axe principal A vers l'extérieur, dépasse la surface de l'élément en plaque 10, lesdites portions 16 d'espace annulaire étant libres de tout élément constitutif du dispositif d'ancrage. Autrement dit, la forme du dispositif est telle qu'il ne comprend aucun élément vertical parallèle au fourreau 12 comme un rebord périphérique qui remontrait sur toute la hauteur du fourreau.In addition, the
Autrement dit encore, le fourreau 12 dépasse du bord périphérique de l'élément en plaque 10, le long de sa hauteur (c'est-à-dire de l'axe A).In other words, the
Ces portions 16 d'espace annulaire sont définies entre les nervures 14 du dispositif d'ancrage et s'étendent préférentiellement sur toute la hauteur H du fourreau 12 au-dessus de la plaque 10. Ces portions 16 permettant, une fois le dispositif d'ancrage dans le sol, d'être remplis par la terre T lorsqu'on enterre le dispositif d'ancrage 1. Une fois la terre T autour du fourreau 12 tassée, une force F de rétention est également répartie sur l'élément en plaque 10 autour du fourreau 12 et permet d'offrir une grande surface d'appui de rétention Sr s'étendant radialement au-delà l'élément en plaque 1. Ainsi le dispositif d'ancrage selon l'invention permet d'offrir une surface de rétention (et donc une force de rétention) augmentée par rapport à l'état de la technique permettant de contrer les forces transversales appliquées au panneau de signalisation.These
Un tel effet ne serait pas réalisable par exemple avec un dispositif d'ancrage comprenant un rebord périphérique à l'élément en plaque 10 remontant parallèlement au fourreau sur toute sa hauteur H (comme représenté aux
Toutefois, selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, l'élément en plaque 10 comprend en outre un ou plusieurs muret(s) 104 situé(s) sur le bord périphérique de l'élément en plaque 10. Cependant, la hauteur « e » de ces rebords ne dépasse pas un dixième de la hauteur H du fourreau 12 de façon à garantir une surface d'appui de rétention telle qu'expliquée précédemment. Ces murets 104 ont un effet de raidissement de la plaque et de résistance aux efforts transversaux auxquels sont soumis l'élément en plaque 10.However, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the
Autrement dit encore, le fourreau 12 dépasse des murets 104 (et donc de leur hauteur « e »), le long de sa hauteur (c'est-à-dire de l'axe A), d'une hauteur H1.In other words, the
Préférentiellement, le fourreau 12 dépasse d'une hauteur H1 supérieure à la moitié de la hauteur H du fourreau 12.Preferably, the
Avantageusement, le fourreau 12 dépasse des murets 104 du bord périphérique de l'élément en plaque 10, le long de sa hauteur, d'une hauteur supérieure à 15 cm. Avantageusement encore, les nervures 14 fixées à l'élément en plaque 10 et au fourreau 12 présentent une surface comprise entre 35cm2 et 600cm2. Avantageusement encore, le rapport de la hauteur H du fourreau 12 par rapport à la distance maximale entre le bord périphérique de la plaque l'axe principal A du fourreau est compris entre 1/3 et 3.Advantageously, the
Préférentiellement, l'élément en plaque 10 comprend en outre au moins une lumière 102 à l'extérieur de l'espace entouré par le fourreau 12 et préférentiellement une pluralité de lumières 102 réparties régulièrement sur toute la surface de l'élément en plaque 10. Les lumières ont avantageusement une forme circulaire d'un diamètre allant de 2 à 10 cm. Ces lumières permettent un meilleur tassement de la terre T par une communication entre la terre située sous et la terre située sur l'élément en plaque 10. De plus, ces lumières permettent un meilleur drainage de l'eau contenue dans la terre entre le dessus et le dessous de l'élément en plaque 10, notamment en cas de pluie.Preferably, the
Alternativement, l'élément en plaque est constitué d'un treillis métallique sur lequel est fixé un fourreau.Alternatively, the plate element consists of a metal mesh on which is fixed a sheath.
Le dispositif est destiné à être mis en terre, dans un trou dont la profondeur est équivalente à la hauteur H du fourreau (la profondeur d'enfouissement et la hauteur H du fourreau pouvant présenter une différence allant jusqu'à plus ou moins 10% de la hauteur du fourreau). Ainsi, une fois le dispositif d'ancrage enterré, la partie haute de fourreau 12 est au niveau de la surface du sol S et une partie basse du support 20 du panneau de signalisation 2 est soit située en dessous du niveau du sol S. Cet agencement permet d'offrir une surface d'accouplement significative dans le sol S du fourreau 12 et du support 20 du panneau de signalisation de sorte à minimiser les efforts de cisaillement du support 20 sur le fourreau 12 lorsque des efforts transversaux sont appliqués sur le panneau de signalisation 2.The device is intended to be placed in the ground, in a hole whose depth is equivalent to the height H of the sheath (the burial depth and the height H of the sheath may have a difference of up to plus or minus 10% of the height of the sheath). Thus, once the buried anchoring device, the upper part of the
Les
Dans ce mode de réalisation, dont un représente une vue en perspective cavalière sur la
Les nervures 14 sont ici doublées ; deux nervures 14 s'étendent du fourreau 12 vers chacun des côtés de l'élément de plaque 10 qui présente ici une section sensiblement carrée. Ces nervures 14 s'étendent typiquement jusqu'aux murets 104 décrits précédemment.The
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le fourreau 12 est sensiblement carré ; et deux nervures 14 sont reliées à chacune de ses arrêtes, les deux nervures reliées à une même arrête s'étendant à partir du fourreau 12 vers deux côtés distincts adjacents de l'élément de plaque 10.In the embodiment shown, the
Des évidements 105 sont aménagés entre deux nervures 14 s'étendant à partir du fourreau 12 vers un même côté de l'élément de plaque 10, chacun de ces évidements 105 étant dimensionné de manière à ce que le fourreau 12 puisse le traverser. Ces évidements 105 sont dimensionnés de sorte qu'ils représentent une surface typiquement comprise entre 10 et 30%, ou plus précisément entre 10 et 20% de la surface totale de l'élément de plaque 10, c'est-à-dire entre 10 et 30% de la surface a2 pour un élément de plaque 10 ayant des côtés de longueur a.
Ainsi, dans le mode de réalisation représenté qui comprend des lumières 102 et des évidements 105, on définit le taux de perforation total de l'élément de plaque 10 comme la somme de la surface totale des lumières 102 et de la surface totale des évidements 105 divisée par la surface totale de l'élément de plaque 10.Thus, in the illustrated embodiment which includes
A titre d'exemple, pour un mode de réalisation dans lequel les lumières 102 ont une surface totale représentant 17% de la surface totale de l'élément de plaque 10, et où les évidements 105 ont une surface totale représentant 15,3% de la surface totale de l'élément de plaque 10, la perforation totale de l'élément de plaque 10 est alors de 32,3%.By way of example, for one embodiment in which the
Plus généralement, pour un mode de réalisation dans lequel les lumières 102 ont une surface totale représentant entre 15 et 20% de la surface totale de l'élément de plaque 10, et où les évidements 105 ont une surface totale représentant entre 10 et 20% de la surface totale de l'élément de plaque 10, la perforation totale de l'élément de plaque 10 est alors comprise entre 25 et 40%.More generally, for one embodiment in which the
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur les
Ce mode de réalisation particulier présente plusieurs avantages découlant de ses caractéristiques spécifiques.This particular embodiment has several advantages arising from its specific characteristics.
La multitude de lumières 102 ainsi que la présente des évidements 105 permet d'alléger le dispositif d'ancrage 1, et de faciliter sa mise en place en permettant l'écoulement de fluides et de la terre au travers de l'élément de plaque 10. Les évidements 105 permettent de faciliter la manutention et le stockage des dispositifs d'ancrage 1 en permettant de les empiler, ce qui réduit de manière considérable leur encombrement.The multitude of
En référence à la
A cet effet, il est prévu un bâti rigide 30 indéformable (par rapport à la charge à appliquer) fixé au sol permettant d'offrir un repère fixe par rapport au référentiel terrestre. Ce bâti 30 est muni d'un palan 32 relié à un premier côté 340 d'un capteur d'effort 34 (comme un capteur dynamométrique). Le capteur d'effort est relié de l'autre côté 342 à un panneau de signalisation 2 (ou tout élément longitudinal simulant un support de panneau de signalisation) en place dans le fourreau 12 du dispositif d'ancrage enterré afin que le palan 32 puisse exercer un effort Ft sur le panneau de signalisation 20.For this purpose, there is provided a
Préférentiellement l'effort Ft est appliqué à un point situé sur le panneau de signalisation 2 à une hauteur Ht de 2000 mm par rapport au sol S. L'effort Ft est appliqué suivant une direction horizontale sensiblement parallèle au sol S.Preferably, the force Ft is applied to a point situated on the
Afin de mesurer la déformation, un repère fixe 36 est fixé à proximité du panneau de signalisation 2 et est relié à ce dernier par un capteur 38 de mesure de la déformée. Le capteur 38 est préférentiellement situé à une hauteur de 1500mm par rapport au sol et comprend des moyens de mesure de la distance horizontale Dt séparant le panneau de signalisation 2 au repère fixe 36 au niveau du capteur 38. Le tarage du capteur 38 est effectué alors qu'aucun effort Ft n'est appliqué par le palan sur le panneau de signalisation 2.In order to measure the deformation, a fixed
Une fois le tarage effectué, un effort Ft est appliqué par le palan sur le support 20 du panneau de signalisation 2. Cet effort est mesuré à l'aide du capteur d'effort 34. Une fois l'effort appliqué, on mesure la déformation à l'aide du capteur 38. Les résultats sont les suivants :
Ces tests ont été réalisés avec des dimensions de l'élément en plaque différents, des profondeurs de trous différentes et des types de sol différents. On remarque que, de façon logique, plus l'élément en plaque est de grandes dimensions, plus le trou est profond et plus on se situe dans un sol de type déblai, plus le moment admissible par le panneau est grand. En tout état de cause, le moment n'est pas inférieur à 100 daN.m.These tests were performed with different plate element sizes, different hole depths and different soil types. It should be noted that logically, the larger the plate element, the deeper the hole is and the more it is in excavated ground, the greater the admissible moment by the panel. In any case, the moment is not less than 100 daN.m.
De plus, des essais ont été également effectués pour tester la résistance à l'arrachement du support 20 du panneau de signalisation 2 (force de rétention statique). C'est-à-dire qu'un effort vertical Fs a été appliqué au panneau de signalisation pour tester la force de rétention du dispositif d'ancrage 1. Les résultats sont les suivants :
Ces tests ont été réalisés avec des dimensions de l'élément en plaque différents et des profondeurs de trous différentes. On remarque que, de façon logique, plus l'élément en plaque est de grandes dimensions et le trou est profond, plus la force de rétention maximale du dispositif d'ancrage 1 est grand. En tout état de cause, la force de rétention maximale n'est pas inférieure à 1300 daN.m.These tests were performed with different plate element dimensions and different hole depths. Note that, logically, the larger the plate element is and the hole is deep, the greater the maximum retention force of the
Il est à noter que pour les essais d'arrachement pour des dimensions de l'élément en plaque au delà de 500x500 (quelque soit la profondeur du trou) les capacités du système de mesure mis en place ont été dépassée. En tout étant de cause, dans ces cas, la force de rétention maximale n'est pas inférieure à 1550 daN.m.It should be noted that for the pull-out tests for dimensions of the plate element beyond 500x500 (whatever the depth of the hole) the capacities of the measuring system set up have been exceeded. In any case, in these cases, the maximum retention force is not less than 1550 daN.m.
En référence aux
- creuser un trou d'une profondeur adaptée (± 10%) à la hauteur H du fourreau 12 du dispositif d'ancrage 1 (
figure 7a - étape 700), et sa position voulue par rapport au niveau du sol (il est à noter que le fait de creuser un trou permet d'éviter le perçage d'éventuels réseaux souterrains par l'enfoncement d'un pieu par exemple), la section du trou correspondant à la géométrie surfacique de l'élément enplaque 10, préférentiellement légèrement supérieure (par exemple de 10%) afin de permettre l'introduction du dispositif dans le trou, - placer le dispositif d'ancrage 1 dans ledit trou tel que l'élément en
plaque 10 soit agencé de manière horizontale dans le trou et que le fourreau 12 s'étendent verticalement depuis l'élément enplaque 10 vers l'extérieur du trou, (figure 7b - étape 701), - replacer la terre T sur le pourtour du fourreau 12 du dispositif d'ancrage 1 (
figure 7b - étape 702), - tasser la terre T située sur le pourtour du fourreau 12 à l'aide d'outils de chantier (comme un mouton ou une un masse manuels, ou au mouton pneumatique) (
figure 7c - étape 703), - placer un panneau de signalisation 2 dans le fourreau 12 du dispositif d'ancrage 1 (
figure 7d - étape 704) de telle manière qu'une partie basse dusupport 20 du panneau de signalisation 2 soit située à la position désirée en dessous du niveau du sol S.
- dig a hole of suitable depth (± 10%) at the height H of the
sleeve 12 of the anchoring device 1 (figure 7a step 700), and its desired position relative to the ground level (it should be noted that the fact of digging a hole makes it possible to avoid the drilling of any underground networks by the driving of a pile for example), the section of the hole corresponding to the surface geometry of theplate element 10, preferably slightly greater (for example by 10%) in order to allow the device to be introduced into the hole, - placing the
anchoring device 1 in said hole such that theplate member 10 is arranged horizontally in the hole and thesleeve 12 extends vertically from theplate member 10 out of the hole, (figure 7b step 701) - replace the earth T on the periphery of the
sleeve 12 of the anchoring device 1 (figure 7b step 702) - compact the earth T located on the circumference of the
sheath 12 using construction tools (such as a manual sheep or mass, or pneumatic sheep) (Figure 7c step 703) - place a
sign 2 in thesleeve 12 of the anchoring device 1 (figure 7d step 704) such that a lower part of thesupport 20 of thesign 2 is located at the desired position below the ground level S.
Claims (15)
- Device for anchoring (1) an element to be anchored, in particular for the attachment of a road sign support (20), comprising:- a plate element (10) intended to be placed in a horizontal position, in the ground, in the bottom of a hole, for use,- a sleeve (12) forming a longitudinal housing intended to receive the element to be anchored, in particular a road sign support (20), the sleeve being attached onto the plate element (10),- ridges (14) attached to the plate element (10) and to the sleeve (12) so as to distribute at least some of the transverse forces received by the sleeve (12) over the plate element (10),the device (10) comprising a plurality of portions (16) of annular space around the sleeve (12) extending radially beyond the plate element (10), said pluralities of portions (16) of annular space being free from any element constituting the anchoring device (1)
the anchoring device being characterised in that the plate element (10) comprises at least one recess (105), said recess being sized such that it enables the passage of the sleeve (12) through said plate element (10). - Anchoring device according to claim 1, wherein said at least one recess (105) is arranged between two ridges (14) extending from the sleeve (12) towards one same side of the plate element (10).
- Anchoring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the recess(es) is/are sized such that they represent a surface area of between 10% and 30% of the total surface area of the plate element (10).
- Anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plate element (10) comprises two recesses (105) arranged on either side of the sleeve (12).
- Anchoring device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess(es) (105) has/have a trapezoidal cross-section, extending from the sleeve (12) towards the edges of the plate element (10).
- Anchoring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the plate element (10) comprises a plurality of lights (102) distributed regularly over the whole surface area thereof, said lights (102) occupying a surface area of between 15% and 20% of the total surface area of said plate element (10).
- Anchoring device according to the preceding claim, wherein said lights (102) and recesses (105) occupy a surface area of between 25% and 40% of the total surface area of said plate element (10).
- Anchoring device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the peripheral edge of the plate element (10) further comprises at least one low wall (104) situated at the periphery of said plate element (10).
- Anchoring device according to claim 8, characterised in that the height of the low wall of the plate element (10) is less than 10% of the height (H) of the sleeve (12).
- Anchoring device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the plate element (10) has a rectangular cross-section.
- Anchoring device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the ridges (14) attached to the plate element (10) and to the sleeve (12) have a triangular contour.
- Anchoring device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the ridges (14) attached to the plate element (10) and to the sleeve (12) have a vertical surface area of between 35cm2 and 600cm2.
- Anchoring device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the height (H) ratio of the sleeve (12) with respect to the maximum distance between the peripheral edge of the plate and the main axis (A) of the sleeve is between 1/3 and 3.
- Anchoring device (1) of an element to be anchored according to one of claims 1 to 13, in particular for the attachment of a road sign support (20), characterised in that it comprises:▪ a plate element (10) of rectangular shape of which the sides measure between 50 to 80 cm,▪ a sleeve (12) of tubular shape with a rectangular internal cross-section forming a longitudinal housing intended to receive the element to be anchored, in particular a road sign support (20), the sleeve being attached perpendicularly onto the plate element (10), the height of the sleeve being between 30 and 60 cm,▪ four ridges (14) attached to the plate element (10) and to the sleeve (12) so as to distribute at least some of the transverse forces received by the sleeve (12) over the plate element (10), each extending, on the one hand, along the semi-diagonals of the plate element and, on the other hand, along the sleeve over a height going from 2cm to 20cm,▪ a plurality of portions (16) of annular space around the sleeve (12) extending radially beyond the plate element (10), said pluralities of portions (16) of annular space being free from any element constituting the anchoring device (1),▪ at least one recess (105) in the plate element (10), said recess being sized such that it enables the passage of the sleeve (12) through said plate element (10).
- Method for installing an anchoring device (1) of an element to be anchored according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular for the attachment of a road sign support (2), the anchoring device comprising a plate element (10) and a sleeve (12) arranged perpendicularly to the plate element (10) and forming a longitudinal housing intended to receive the element to be anchored, in particular a road sign support (2), the method being characterised in that it comprises at least the following steps:▪ digging (700) a hole with a depth equal to the height (H) of the sleeve (12) of the anchoring device (1) and a cross-section corresponding to the surface area of the plate element (figure 7a - step 700),▪ placing (701) the anchoring device (1) in said hole such that the plate element (10) is arranged horizontally in the hole and that the sleeve (12) extends vertically from the plate element (10) towards the outside of the hole,▪ replacing (702) the earth (T) over the perimeter of the sleeve (12) of the anchoring device (1),▪ packing (703) the earth (T) situated over the perimeter of the sleeve (12),▪ placing (704) the element to be anchored (2) in said sleeve (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1058113A FR2965837B1 (en) | 2010-10-06 | 2010-10-06 | ANCHORING DEVICE WITHOUT CONCRETE |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2439337A2 EP2439337A2 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
EP2439337A3 EP2439337A3 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
EP2439337B1 true EP2439337B1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
Family
ID=43734170
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11184164.9A Active EP2439337B1 (en) | 2010-10-06 | 2011-10-06 | Concrete-free anchoring device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2439337B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2965837B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2104935B (en) * | 1981-08-20 | 1985-11-13 | William Eric Howson | Fence post sockets and a fencing system |
US5271196A (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-12-21 | Roy Fanti | Stabilizer retention device for beach umbrellas |
US7694487B1 (en) * | 2004-05-08 | 2010-04-13 | Ryan Gary L | Setting a tubular post for an electric fixture in soil |
JP2007126900A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-24 | Chigawa Kenchiku Jimusho:Kk | Column base independent foundation and its construction method |
-
2010
- 2010-10-06 FR FR1058113A patent/FR2965837B1/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-10-06 EP EP11184164.9A patent/EP2439337B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2439337A3 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
FR2965837B1 (en) | 2013-07-05 |
EP2439337A2 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
FR2965837A1 (en) | 2012-04-13 |
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