EP2438488A1 - Method and device for controlling auxiliary materials in machine tools - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling auxiliary materials in machine tools

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Publication number
EP2438488A1
EP2438488A1 EP10720435A EP10720435A EP2438488A1 EP 2438488 A1 EP2438488 A1 EP 2438488A1 EP 10720435 A EP10720435 A EP 10720435A EP 10720435 A EP10720435 A EP 10720435A EP 2438488 A1 EP2438488 A1 EP 2438488A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
kss
tool
machined
code
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Granted
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EP10720435A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2438488B1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Vierling
Karsten Haug
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/041—Function-oriented details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling excipients in machine tools, in particular in the supply of coolants and / or lubricants, according to the preamble of the main claim and the independent claims.
  • the media supply of machine tools in particular the cooling and / or lubricant supply of cutting machine tools, today represents a part of the numerical control of the machine tool in a known manner and is stored in a corresponding programming language in the machine tool.
  • the general machine management in a so-called M-code or with M-functions / commands displayed and the positions or trajectories of the tool and the current processing stages are displayed in the so-called G-code.
  • Such a control of a machine tool is known, for example, from DE 693 28 266 T2, in which a coolant is switched on and off by appropriate M commands depending on the processing state in the G code.
  • the invention is based on a method for controlling excipients in machine tools, in which by means of a numerical control over Maschinenfunktio- nen as M code switching on and off of the volume flow of the excipient.
  • a numerical control over Maschinenfunktio- nen as M code switching on and off of the volume flow of the excipient.
  • the invention can be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner, if the current physical parameters, in particular during machining, relate to the removal behavior on the workpiece to be machined.
  • the removal behavior can be determined from the rotational speed or other mechanical and physical characteristics of the tool in the G code and the material properties of the workpiece to be machined at a time (t) and from the thus determined erosion is then advantageously via a predetermined period, the Abtrags over time (t) for each location (x, y, z) of the workpiece to be machined modeled.
  • a three-dimensional CAD model of the workpiece to be machined can also be used in a simple manner, wherein the geometries located between the initial and target geometries defined via the CAD model can be calculated from the path movement of the tool. It can be used to model the Abtrags s a mathematical Abtragsmodell or a measured map.
  • a temperature behavior of the workpiece to be machined over time (t) and the heat distribution for each location (x, y, z) of the workpiece to be machined can then be modeled and within predetermined limits Then by integration and peak consideration, a cooling demand for obtaining the controlled variable for the volume flow of the excipient, in particular the coolant and / or lubricant, are determined.
  • a numerical control unit in an exciting numerically controlled machine tool, is provided which is provided with a programmable logic control program, so that between the switching on and off of the volume flow of coolants and / or lubricants as auxiliaries in M Code by means of a control arrangement, a regulation of the volume flow as a function of the web positions of the tool and the removal behavior of the workpiece to be machined from the G-code of the numerical control takes place.
  • a computer program product stored on a computer-usable medium is applicable in the numerical control, comprising computer-readable program means which, when the computer program product is executed on a microprocessor with associated memory means or on a computer, execute it for carrying out the method described above or Initiate operation of the device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a method for controlling auxiliary substances in machine tools according to the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of a erfindunstraen method for controlling excipients in machine tools, especially in the supply of coolants and / or lubricants.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a method for controlling auxiliaries in machine tools according to the prior art.
  • parts of an NC program for the numerical control of a machine tool are shown, for example, with a milling cutter as a tool.
  • some G-codes g01 ..., etc. are listed, which represent, for example, the trajectories of the tool and the current processing stages at specific times.
  • an M code M1 for the general machine functions which is indicated here on the right outside of the block 1 that thereby the cooling and lubricant supply KSS is turned on.
  • an M-code M2 follows, which is indicated here on the right outside of the block 1 that thereby the cooling and lubricant supply KSS is turned off , without in between a further influence on the volume flow of the cooling and lubricant supply KSS takes place.
  • Between switching on and off the cutting takes place via a path movement of the milling cutter as a tool relative to the workpiece according to the G-codes go2 etc.
  • the cooling and lubricant requirement according to the invention between the M-codes M1 for KSS-on and M2 for KSS-off automatically derived from the path description of the machining curve in the G-code and known process parameters modeled after the block 2.
  • Block 4 indicates how the web movement is initially extracted from the G code for this purpose. Together with three-dimensional CAD models of the workpiece to be machined according to block 5, one obtains therefrom at any time t an exact image of the current workpiece geometry. For this example, the raw workpiece and the target workpiece is each deposited as a three-dimensional CAD model. The workpiece geometries in between are calculated via the path movement of the tool.
  • the temperature behavior according to block 10 can now be modeled as follows. About the removal behavior (block 9) of the heat input into the workpiece and the radiated heat in the environment is known. The heat input into the workpiece now diffuses according to the law of diffusion into the workpiece, whereby this diffusion process can be relatively easily modeled, since the heat input, the location x, y, z and overall geometry of the workpiece are known at each time t. This results in the heat distribution at each time point t and each location x, y, z. Using predetermined limit values, the cooling demand for block 1 1 can then be calculated from this by integration and peak value analysis.
  • This demand of the volume flow of the coolant and lubricant requirement can be forwarded via output 3 (KSS regulated) to the controllable coolant and lubricant supply KSS, which then supplies the machining process.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling auxiliary materials in machine tools, wherein the volumetric flow of the auxiliary material is switched on and off (cooling lubricant on, cooling lubricant off) by means of a numerical control using machine functions in the form of an M code, wherein while the volumetric flow flows, a control variable (cooling lubricant controlled) for the volumetric flow of the auxiliary material is obtained from the path position or machining position, known in the numerical control in the form of a G code, of a tool of the machine tool and from the current physical parameters of the tool and/or of the machined workpiece.

Description

Beschreibung description
Titeltitle
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von Hilfsstoffen bei WerkzeugmaschinenMethod and device for controlling auxiliary substances in machine tools
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von Hilfsstoffen bei Werkzeugmaschinen, insbesondere bei der Zuführung von Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffen, nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs und der nebengeordneten Ansprüche.The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling excipients in machine tools, in particular in the supply of coolants and / or lubricants, according to the preamble of the main claim and the independent claims.
Die Medienversorgung von Werkzeugmaschinen, insbesondere die Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffversorgung von zerspanenden Werkzeugmaschinen, stellt heute in an sich bekannter Weise einen Bestandteil der numerischen Steuerung der Werkzeugmaschine dar und wird in einer entsprechenden Programmiersprache in der Werkzeugmaschine hinterlegt. Hierbei wird das allgemeine Maschinenmanagement in einem sogenannten M-Code oder mit M-Funktionen/Befehlen dargestellt und die Positionen bzw. Bahnkurven des Werkzeugs und die aktuellen Bearbeitungsstadien werden im sogenannten G-Code dargestellt.The media supply of machine tools, in particular the cooling and / or lubricant supply of cutting machine tools, today represents a part of the numerical control of the machine tool in a known manner and is stored in a corresponding programming language in the machine tool. Here, the general machine management in a so-called M-code or with M-functions / commands displayed and the positions or trajectories of the tool and the current processing stages are displayed in the so-called G-code.
Eine solche Steuerung einer Werkzeugmaschine ist beispielsweise aus der DE 693 28 266 T2 bekannt, bei der ein Kühlmittel durch entsprechende M-Befehle je nach Bear- beitungsszustand im G-Code ein- und ausgeschaltet wird.Such a control of a machine tool is known, for example, from DE 693 28 266 T2, in which a coolant is switched on and off by appropriate M commands depending on the processing state in the G code.
Bei den bekannten Steuerungen für insbesondere spanende Werkzeugmaschinen kann es jedoch vorkommen, dass oft weit mehr Kühl- oder Schmierstoffe an den Bear- beitungsprozess herangebracht als dieser eigentlich für eine ausreichende Kühlung oder das Wegschwemmen von Spanen benötigt. Dieser überflüssige Volumenstrom muss dann auch gereinigt und gekühlt werden, was zu hohen Energiekosten führt. Au- ßerdem ist dann notwendigerweise oft auch das Leitungsnetz für die Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffversorgung in der Summe überdimensioniert. Für sich gesehen ist darüber hinaus aus der DE 10 2007 016 326 A1 bekannt, dass zur Kühlmittelversorgung spanender Werkzeuge der Druck des Kühlmittels erfasst wird und mit hinterlegten Referenzwerten für den jeweiligen Betriebszustand des Werkzeugs verglichen wird. Es kann dann mit einem Regelventil eine Druck- und/oder Men- genregelung des Kühlmittels durchgeführt werden.In the known controls for, in particular, cutting machine tools, however, it is often possible that far more coolants or lubricants are brought into the processing process than they actually require for sufficient cooling or for washing away chips. This superfluous volume flow must then also be cleaned and cooled, which leads to high energy costs. In addition, then necessarily the line network for the cooling and / or lubricant supply is necessarily oversized in the sum. In itself, it is also known from DE 10 2007 016 326 A1 that the pressure of the coolant is detected for the coolant supply of cutting tools and compared with stored reference values for the respective operating state of the tool. It can then be carried out with a control valve, a pressure and / or quantity rule of the coolant.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die Erfindung geht von einem Verfahren zur Steuerung von Hilfsstoffen bei Werkzeugmaschinen aus, bei dem mittels einer numerischen Steuerung über Maschinenfunktio- nen als M-Code ein Ein- und Abschalten des Volumenstroms des Hilfsstoffes erfolgt. In vorteilhafter Weise wird während des Fließens des Volumenstroms aus der in der numerischen Steuerung bekannten Bahn- oder Bearbeitungsposition als G-Code eines Werkzeugs der Werkzeugmaschine und aus aktuellen physikalischen Parametern des Werkzeugs und/oder des bearbeiteten Werkstücks eine Regelgröße für den Volumen- ström des Hilfsstoffs gewonnen.The invention is based on a method for controlling excipients in machine tools, in which by means of a numerical control over Maschinenfunktio- nen as M code switching on and off of the volume flow of the excipient. Advantageously, during the flow of the volume flow from the known in the numerical control track or machining position as G-code of a tool of the machine tool and current physical parameters of the tool and / or the machined workpiece is a control variable for the volume flow of the excipient won.
Insbesondere, wenn bei spanenden Werkzeugmaschinen Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffen als Hilfsstoffe zugeführt werden, kann mit der erfindungsgemäßen Regelung des Volumenstroms der Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffe eine energie- und kosteneffiziente Steuerung der Werkzeugmaschine erfolgen. Es ist mit der Erfindung möglich, dass das gesamte Leitungsnetz für die Versorgung mit Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffen für eine oder mehrere Werkzeugmaschinen in der Summe geringer dimensioniert werden kann, da der Volumenstrom jeder einzelnen Werkzeugmaschine effizienter an den aktuellen Bedarf angepasst werden kann.In particular, if coolants and / or lubricants are supplied as auxiliaries in cutting machine tools, an energy-efficient and cost-effective control of the machine tool can take place with the regulation according to the invention of the volume flow of the coolants and / or lubricants. It is possible with the invention that the entire pipeline network for the supply of coolants and / or lubricants for one or more machine tools in the sum can be dimensioned smaller, since the flow rate of each machine tool can be adapted more efficiently to the current needs.
Die Erfindung kann in besonders vorteilhafter Weise ausgeführt werden, wenn die ak- tuellen physikalischen Parameter insbesondere bei spanender Bearbeitung das Abtragsverhalten am zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks betreffen. Das Abtragsverhalten kann dabei aus der Drehzahl oder sonstiger mechanischer und physikalischer Kenngrößen des Werkzeugs im G-Code und den Materialeigenschaften des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks jeweils zu einem Zeitpunkt (t) bestimmt werden und aus dem so bestimm- ten Abtrag wird dann in vorteilhafter Weise über einen vorgegebenen Zeitraum das Abtragsverhalten über der Zeit (t) für jeden Ort (x,y,z) des zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks modelliert. Zur Modellierung des Abtragsverhaltens kann auch auf einfache Weise ein dreidimensionales CAD-Modell des zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks herangezogen werden, wobei die Geometrien, die zwischen den über das CAD-Modell festgelegten Ausgangs- und Zielgeometrien befinden aus der Bahnbewegung des Werkzeugs berechnet werden können. Es kann zur Modellierung des Abtragsverhaltens ein mathematisches Abtragsmodell oder ein gemessenes Kennfeld herangezogen werden.The invention can be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner, if the current physical parameters, in particular during machining, relate to the removal behavior on the workpiece to be machined. The removal behavior can be determined from the rotational speed or other mechanical and physical characteristics of the tool in the G code and the material properties of the workpiece to be machined at a time (t) and from the thus determined erosion is then advantageously via a predetermined period, the Abtragsverhalten over time (t) for each location (x, y, z) of the workpiece to be machined modeled. To model the removal behavior, a three-dimensional CAD model of the workpiece to be machined can also be used in a simple manner, wherein the geometries located between the initial and target geometries defined via the CAD model can be calculated from the path movement of the tool. It can be used to model the Abtragsverhaltens a mathematical Abtragsmodell or a measured map.
Aus dem so ermittelten Abtragsverhalten am zu bearbeiteten Werkstück kann gemäß der Erfindung dann ein Temperaturverhalten des zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks über der Zeit (t) und die Wärmeverteilung für jeden Ort (x,y,z) des zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks modelliert werden und innerhalb vorgegebener Grenzwerte kann dann durch Integration und Spitzenwertbetrachtung ein Kühlbedarf zur Gewinnung der Regelgröße für den Volumenstrom des Hilfsstoffs, insbesondere des Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffs, ermittelt werden.From the thus determined removal behavior on the workpiece to be machined, according to the invention, a temperature behavior of the workpiece to be machined over time (t) and the heat distribution for each location (x, y, z) of the workpiece to be machined can then be modeled and within predetermined limits Then by integration and peak consideration, a cooling demand for obtaining the controlled variable for the volume flow of the excipient, in particular the coolant and / or lubricant, are determined.
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des zuvor beschriebenen Verfahrens ist bei einer spannenden numerisch gesteuerten Werkzeugmaschine eine numerische Steuerungseinheit vorhanden, die mit einem speicherprogrammierbaren Steuerungsprogramm versehen ist, sodass zwischen dem Ein- und Ausschalten des Volumenstroms von Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffen als Hilfsstoffe im M-Code mittels einer Regelanordnung eine Regelung des Volumenstroms in Abhängigkeit von den Bahnposi- tionen des Werkzeugs und dem Abtragsverhalten am zu bearbeitenden Werkstück aus dem G-Code der numerischen Steuerung erfolgt.In a device according to the invention for carrying out the method described above, in an exciting numerically controlled machine tool, a numerical control unit is provided which is provided with a programmable logic control program, so that between the switching on and off of the volume flow of coolants and / or lubricants as auxiliaries in M Code by means of a control arrangement, a regulation of the volume flow as a function of the web positions of the tool and the removal behavior of the workpiece to be machined from the G-code of the numerical control takes place.
Weiterhin ist noch in vorteilhafter Weise ein Computerprogrammprodukt gespeichert auf einem computerverwendbaren Medium in der numerischen Steuerung anwendbar, das computerlesbare Programmmittel umfasst, welche bei Ausführung des Computerpro- grammprodukts auf einem Mikroprozessor mit zugehörigen Speichermitteln oder auf einem Computer diesen zur Durchführung des zuvor beschriebenen Verfahrens oder zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung veranlassen.Furthermore, advantageously, a computer program product stored on a computer-usable medium is applicable in the numerical control, comprising computer-readable program means which, when the computer program product is executed on a microprocessor with associated memory means or on a computer, execute it for carrying out the method described above or Initiate operation of the device.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist bei der Erfindung, dass auch die bisher üblichen NC- Programme zur numerischen Steuerung von Werkzeugmaschinen im wesentlichen un- verändert weiterverwendet werden können. Die erfindungsgemäße bedarfsgerechte Nachregelung des Volumenstroms des Hilfsstoffs erfolgt automatisch durch die beschriebene Analyse des G-Codes, wozu nur ein geringer zusätzlicher Engineering- Aufwand erforderlich ist. - A -In the invention, it is particularly advantageous that also the hitherto customary NC programs for the numerical control of machine tools can be used substantially unchanged. The need-based readjustment of the volume flow of the auxiliary according to the invention is carried out automatically by the described analysis of the G-code, for which only a small additional engineering effort is required. - A -
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungShort description of the drawing
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand des in der Figur der Zeichnung gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Dabei zeigen:The invention will be explained below with reference to the embodiment shown in the figure of the drawing. Showing:
Figur 1 ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines Verfahrens zur Steuerung von Hilfs- stoffen bei Werkzeugmaschinen nach dem Stand der Technik.1 shows a schematic block diagram of a method for controlling auxiliary substances in machine tools according to the prior art.
Figur 2 ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines erfindungemäßen Verfahrens zur Steuerung von Hilfsstoffen bei Werkzeugmaschinen, insbesondere bei der Zuführung von Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffen.Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of a erfindungemäßen method for controlling excipients in machine tools, especially in the supply of coolants and / or lubricants.
Weg zu Ausführung der ErfindungWay to carrying out the invention
In Figur 1 ist schematisch ein Verfahren zur Steuerung von Hilfsstoffen bei Werkzeugmaschinen nach dem Stand der Technik gezeigt. Im Block 1 sind auszugsweise Teile eines NC-Programms zur numerischen Steuerung einer hier nicht näher erläuterten Werkzeugmaschine, zum Beispiel mit einem Fräser als Werkzeug, gezeigt. In der Senkrechten im Block 1 sind einige G-Codes g01..., etc. aufgelistet, die zum Beispiel die Bahnkurven des Werkzeugs und die aktuellen Bearbeitungsstadien zu bestimmten Zeitpunkten darstellen.FIG. 1 schematically shows a method for controlling auxiliaries in machine tools according to the prior art. In block 1, parts of an NC program for the numerical control of a machine tool, not explained here in detail, are shown, for example, with a milling cutter as a tool. In the vertical in block 1, some G-codes g01 ..., etc. are listed, which represent, for example, the trajectories of the tool and the current processing stages at specific times.
Es folgt dann im senkrechten Verlauf nach der Figur 1 ein M-Code M1 für die allgemei- nen Maschinenfunktionen, wobei hier rechts außen am Block 1 angedeutet ist, dass dadurch die Kühl- und Schmiermittelversorgung KSS eingeschaltet wird. Weiter folgen im senkrechten Verlauf im Block 1 weitere G-Codes go2.... etc., bis wieder ein M-Code M2 folgt, zu dem hier rechts außen am Block 1 angedeutet ist, dass dadurch die Kühl- und Schmiermittelversorgung KSS ausgeschaltet wird, ohne dass zwischendurch eine weitere Beeinflussung des Volumenstroms der Kühl- und Schmiermittelversorgung KSS erfolgt. Zwischen dem An- und Abschalten erfolgt die Zerspanung über eine Bahnbewegung des Fräsers als Werkzeug relativ zum Werkstück gemäß der G-Codes go2 etc..It then follows in the vertical course according to the figure 1, an M code M1 for the general machine functions, which is indicated here on the right outside of the block 1 that thereby the cooling and lubricant supply KSS is turned on. Next follow in the vertical course in block 1 more G-codes go2 .... etc., until again an M-code M2 follows, which is indicated here on the right outside of the block 1 that thereby the cooling and lubricant supply KSS is turned off , without in between a further influence on the volume flow of the cooling and lubricant supply KSS takes place. Between switching on and off the cutting takes place via a path movement of the milling cutter as a tool relative to the workpiece according to the G-codes go2 etc.
Aus Figur 2 ist ersichtlich, wie mit einem ansonsten unveränderten NC-Programm nach dem Block 1 zwischen dem Ein- und Abschalten der Volumenstrom der Kühl- und Schmiermittelversorgung KSS wird mittels einer anhand Block 2 nachfolgend beschriebenen Modellierung des Kühl- und Schmiermittelbedarfs der Volumenstrom am Ausgang 3 die Kühl- und Schmiermittelversorgung KSS geregelt mit einer entsprechenden Regelgröße nachgeregelt wird.From Figure 2 it can be seen how with an otherwise unchanged NC program after the block 1 between the switching on and off the flow of the cooling and Lubricant supply KSS is controlled by means of a block 2 described below modeling the cooling and lubricant requirement of the volume flow at the output 3, the cooling and lubricant supply KSS regulated with a corresponding control variable.
Der Kühl- und Schmiermittelbedarf wird erfindungsgemäß zwischen den M-Codes M1 für KSS-an und M2 für KSS-aus automatisch aus der Bahnbeschreibung der Bearbeitungskurve im G-Code und bekannten Prozessparametern modellgestützt nach dem Block 2 abgeleitet.The cooling and lubricant requirement according to the invention between the M-codes M1 for KSS-on and M2 for KSS-off automatically derived from the path description of the machining curve in the G-code and known process parameters modeled after the block 2.
Mit dem Block 4 ist angedeutet, wie dazu zunächst aus dem G-Code die Bahnbewe- gung extrahiert wird. Zusammen mit dreidimensionalen CAD-Modellen des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks nach Block 5 erhält man hieraus zu jedem Zeitpunkt t ein exaktes Abbild der momentanen Werkstückgeometrie. Hierzu ist zum Beispiel das Rohwerkstück und das Zielwerkstück jeweils als dreidimensionales CAD-Modell hinterlegt. Die Werkstückgeometrien dazwischen werden über die Bahnbewegung des Werkzeugs berechnet.Block 4 indicates how the web movement is initially extracted from the G code for this purpose. Together with three-dimensional CAD models of the workpiece to be machined according to block 5, one obtains therefrom at any time t an exact image of the current workpiece geometry. For this example, the raw workpiece and the target workpiece is each deposited as a three-dimensional CAD model. The workpiece geometries in between are calculated via the path movement of the tool.
Als weitere Eingangsgrößen für die Modellierung nach dem Block 2 werden die wichtigsten Parameter über die Werkstückbearbeitung, hier den Zerspanungsprozess, mitberücksichtigt. Dies sind im Wesentlichen zum Beispiel die Spindeldrehzahl des Werkzeugs (Block 6), die hier ebenfalls aus dem M-Code zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt t ermittelbar ist, und die bekannten Materialeigenschaften des Werkstücks gemäß Block 7. Zusammen mit Informationen aus dem G-Code über das verwendete Werkzeug gemäß Block 8 lässt sich nun das Abtragsverhalten im Block 9 zu jedem Zeitpunkt t modellieren.As further input variables for the modeling after the block 2 the most important parameters about the workpiece processing, here the cutting process, are taken into account. These are essentially, for example, the spindle speed of the tool (block 6), which can also be determined here from the M code at a specific time t, and the known material properties of the workpiece according to block 7. Together with information from the G code via the tool used in block 8 can now model the removal behavior in block 9 at each time t.
Für diese Modellierung können sowohl physikalische Abtragsmodelle als auch gemes- sene Kennfelder genutzt werden. Solche physikalischen Abtragsmodelle bilden Vorgänge an der Schneide des Werkstücks ab und differenzieren je nach Kontaktfläche zischen Übergang der Wärme ins Werkstück in den Span und die umgebende Luft. Gemessene Kennfelder beruhen dagegen auf Messungen typischer Zerspanaufgaben und der Interpolation zwischen diesen Messungen.For this modeling both physical removal models and measured maps can be used. Such physical Abtragsmodelle depict processes on the cutting edge of the workpiece and differentiate depending on the contact surface hiss transition of heat into the workpiece in the chip and the surrounding air. In contrast, measured maps are based on measurements of typical machining tasks and the interpolation between these measurements.
Aus dem Abtragsverhalten (Block 9) über der Zeit t lässt sich nun wie folgt das Temperaturverhalten gemäß Block 10 modellieren. Über das Abtragsverhalten (Block 9) ist der Wärmeeintrag in das Werkstück und die in die Umgebung abgestrahlte Wärme bekannt. Der Wärmeeintrag in das Werkstück diffundiert nun nach dem Diffusionsgesetz ins Werkstück, wobei sich dieser Diffusionsprozess relativ einfach modellieren lässt, da der Wärmeeintrag, der Ort x,y,z und Gesamtgeometrie des Werkstücks zu jedem Zeitpunkt t bekannt sind. Hieraus ergibt sich die Wärmeverteilung zu jedem Zeitpunkt t und jedem Ort x,y,z. Über vorgegebene Grenzwerte kann dann hieraus der Kühlbedarf nach Block 1 1 durch Integration und Spitzenwertbetrachtung berechnet werden.From the removal behavior (block 9) over time t, the temperature behavior according to block 10 can now be modeled as follows. About the removal behavior (block 9) of the heat input into the workpiece and the radiated heat in the environment is known. The heat input into the workpiece now diffuses according to the law of diffusion into the workpiece, whereby this diffusion process can be relatively easily modeled, since the heat input, the location x, y, z and overall geometry of the workpiece are known at each time t. This results in the heat distribution at each time point t and each location x, y, z. Using predetermined limit values, the cooling demand for block 1 1 can then be calculated from this by integration and peak value analysis.
Dieser Bedarf des Volumenstroms des Kühl- und Schmiermittelbedarfs kann über den Ausgang 3 (KSS geregelt) an die regelbare Kühl- und Schmiermittelversorgung KSS weitergeleitet werden, die damit dann den Bearbeitungsprozess versorgt. This demand of the volume flow of the coolant and lubricant requirement can be forwarded via output 3 (KSS regulated) to the controllable coolant and lubricant supply KSS, which then supplies the machining process.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Steuerung von Hilfsstoffen bei Werkzeugmaschinen, bei dem mittels einer numerischen Steuerung über Maschinenfunktionen als M-Code ein Ein- und Abschalten (KSS-an, KSS-aus) des Volumenstroms des Hilfsstoffes erfolgt, bei dem während des Fließens des Volumenstroms aus der in der numerischen Steuerung bekannten Bahn- oder Bearbeitungsposition als G-Code eines Werkzeugs der Werkzeugmaschine und aus aktuellen physikalischen Parametern des Werkzeugs und/oder des bearbeiteten Werkstücks eine Regel- große (KSS-geregelt) für den Volumenstrom des Hilfsstoffs gewonnen wird.1. A method for controlling excipients in machine tools, in which by means of a numerical control of machine functions as M-code switching on and off (KSS-on, KSS-off) of the volume flow of the excipient takes place, in which during the flow of the volume flow the known in the numerical control track or machining position as G-code of a tool of the machine tool and from current physical parameters of the tool and / or the machined workpiece a large control (KSS-regulated) for the volume flow of the excipient is obtained.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei spanenden Werkzeugmaschinen Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffen (KSS) als Hilfsstoffe zugeführt werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in cutting machine tools cooling and / or lubricants (KSS) are supplied as auxiliaries.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aktuellen physikalischen Parameter insbesondere bei spanender Bearbeitung das Abtragsverhalten (9) am zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks betreffen.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the current physical parameters in particular during machining concern the removal behavior (9) on the workpiece to be machined.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Abtragsverhalten (9) aus der Drehzahl und/oder sonstiger mechanischer und physikalischer Kenngrößen (6) des Werkzeugs im G-Code und den Materialeigenschaften (7) des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks jeweils zu einem Zeitpunkt (t) bestimmt wird und aus dem so bestimmten Abtrag über einen vorgegebenen Zeitraum das Abtragsverhalten (9) über der Zeit (t) für jeden Ort (x,y,z) des zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks modelliert wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the removal behavior (9) from the rotational speed and / or other mechanical and physical characteristics (6) of the tool in the G-code and the material properties (7) of the workpiece to be machined in each case at a time (t) is determined and the removal behavior (9) over the time (t) for each location (x, y, z) of the workpiece to be machined is modeled from the so determined removal over a given period of time.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Modellierung des Abtragsverhaltens (9) ein dreidimensionales CAD-Modell (5) des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks herangezogen wird, wobei sich die Geometrien, die zwischen den über das CAD-Modell (5) festgelegten Ausgangs- und Zielgeometrien befinden aus der Bahnbewegung des Werkzeugs berechnet werden.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that for modeling the Abtragsverhaltens (9) a three-dimensional CAD model (5) of the workpiece to be machined is used, wherein the geometries between those on the CAD model (5) specified Initial and target geometries are calculated from the orbital motion of the tool.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Modellierung des Abtragsverhaltens (9) ein mathematisches Abtragsmodell herangezogen wird. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that for modeling the removal behavior (9) a mathematical Abtragsmodell is used.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Modellierung des Abtragsverhaltens (9) ein gemessenes Kennfeld herangezogen wird.7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that for modeling the Abtragsverhaltens (9) a measured map is used.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus dem ermittelten Abtragsverhalten (9) am zu bearbeiteten Werkstück ein Temperaturverhalten (10) des zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks über der Zeit (t) und die Wärmeverteilung für jeden Ort (x,y,z) des zu bearbeiteten Werkstücks modelliert wird.8. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that from the determined Abtragsverhalten (9) on the workpiece to be processed a temperature behavior (10) of the workpiece to be machined over time (t) and the heat distribution for each location (x, y, z) of the workpiece to be machined is modeled.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb vorgegebener Grenzwerte durch Integration und Spitzenwertbetrachtung ein Kühlbedarf (1 1 ) zur Gewinnung der Regelgröße (KSS-geregelt) für den Volumenstrom des9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that within predetermined limits by integration and peak consideration, a cooling demand (1 1) for obtaining the controlled variable (KSS-regulated) for the flow rate of
Hilfsstoffs, insbesondere des Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffs (KSS), ermittelt wird.Auxiliary, in particular of the coolant and / or lubricant (KSS) is determined.
10. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer spannenden numerisch gesteuerten Werkzeugmaschine eine numerische Steuerungseinheit vorhanden ist, die mit einem speicherprogrammierbaren Steuerungsprogramm versehen ist, sodass zwischen dem Ein- und Ausschallten (KSS-an, KSS-aus) des Volumenstroms von Kühl- und/oder Schmierstoffen (KSS) als Hilfsstoffe im M-Code mittels einer Regelanordnung eine Regelung des Volumenstroms in Abhängigkeit von den Bahnpositionen des Werkzeugs und dem Abtragsverhalten (9) am zu bearbeitenden Werkstück aus dem G-Code der numerischen Steuerung erfolgt.10. A device for carrying out a method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in an exciting numerically controlled machine tool, a numerical control unit is provided which is provided with a programmable logic control program, so that between the on and off (KSS-an, KSS -aus) of the volume flow of coolants and / or lubricants (KSS) as auxiliaries in the M code by means of a control arrangement, a regulation of the volume flow as a function of the path positions of the tool and the removal behavior (9) on the workpiece to be machined from the G-code the numerical control takes place.
11. Computerprogrammprodukt gespeichert auf einem computerverwendbaren Medium, umfassend computerlesbare Programmmittel, welche bei Ausführung des Computerprogrammprodukts auf einem Mikroprozessor mit zugehörigen Spei- chermitteln oder auf einem Computer diesen zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 oder zum Betrieb einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 veranlassen. 11. Computer program product stored on a computer-usable medium, comprising computer-readable program means which, when the computer program product is executed on a microprocessor with associated memory means or on a computer, execute it for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 9 or for operating a device according to claim 10 cause.
EP10720435.6A 2009-06-03 2010-05-27 Method and device for controlling auxiliary materials in machine tools Active EP2438488B1 (en)

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DE200910026656 DE102009026656A1 (en) 2009-06-03 2009-06-03 Method and device for controlling auxiliary substances in machine tools
PCT/EP2010/057348 WO2010139605A1 (en) 2009-06-03 2010-05-27 Method and device for controlling auxiliary materials in machine tools

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TWI501059B (en) * 2013-09-12 2015-09-21 Syntec Inc Machining program interpretation method for machine tool
CN115562174B (en) * 2022-12-01 2023-03-24 大方智造(天津)科技有限公司 Machine tool follow-up cutting simulation method based on G codes

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US4186529A (en) * 1977-06-28 1980-02-05 S. E. Huffman Corporation Programmably controlled method for grinding end cutting tools and the like
DE69328266T2 (en) 1992-12-28 2000-08-31 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Numerically controlled machine tool and method
US7878096B2 (en) * 2006-10-11 2011-02-01 United Technologies Corporation CNC coolant nozzle
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