EP2437900B1 - Energy-saving rolling mill train and energy-saving process for operating a combined casting and rolling station - Google Patents

Energy-saving rolling mill train and energy-saving process for operating a combined casting and rolling station Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2437900B1
EP2437900B1 EP10724421.2A EP10724421A EP2437900B1 EP 2437900 B1 EP2437900 B1 EP 2437900B1 EP 10724421 A EP10724421 A EP 10724421A EP 2437900 B1 EP2437900 B1 EP 2437900B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rolling
rolling mill
mill train
stands
electric motors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10724421.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2437900A1 (en
Inventor
Günther Winter
Norbert Moritz
Michael Diez
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to EP10724421.2A priority Critical patent/EP2437900B1/en
Publication of EP2437900A1 publication Critical patent/EP2437900A1/en
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Publication of EP2437900B1 publication Critical patent/EP2437900B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B35/00Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B35/00Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
    • B21B35/02Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives for continuously-operating mills
    • B21B35/04Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives for continuously-operating mills each stand having its own motor or motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B1/24Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process
    • B21B1/26Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process by hot-rolling, e.g. Steckel hot mill
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B15/0007Cutting or shearing the product
    • B21B2015/0014Cutting or shearing the product transversely to the rolling direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B15/00Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B2015/0057Coiling the rolled product
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2265/00Forming parameters
    • B21B2265/12Rolling load or rolling pressure; roll force
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02Shape or construction of rolls
    • B21B27/021Rolls for sheets or strips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B35/00Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
    • B21B35/02Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives for continuously-operating mills

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rolling train, in particular hot rolling, hot strip mill and / or finishing mill of a hot rolling mill, for processing rolling stock, in particular consisting of steel, aluminum, copper or titanium, with a plurality of rolling stands immediately adjacent in a rolling direction, wherein the rolling stands in each case at least two Have work rolls between which the rolling stock is machinable. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cast-rolling composite plant and to a method for operating a cast-rolling composite plant.
  • Metallic precursors such as slabs, hot or cold strip, sheets, tubes, etc. of materials such as iron, steel, non-ferrous metals or other metallic materials are subjected to industrial processing in rolling mills various processing and finishing steps.
  • Typical processing steps are the rolling of cast slabs to hot strip or the down rolling of the hot strip to the thickness desired by the customer in a cold rolling train, for example a tandem mill.
  • Rolling plants conventionally occur as separate plants which receive their rolling stock from, for example, a separate continuous casting device, eg a "continuous casting system".
  • a separate continuous casting device eg a "continuous casting system”.
  • hot strip can be produced in a continuous process, in particular endlessly.
  • a cast-rolled composite plant is eg in WO 96/01710 or in DE 694 08 595 T2 disclosed.
  • the decisive component for the processing of rolling stock is a roll stand with which, for example, slabs can be rolled out in successive rolling passes to form a strip.
  • rolling mills are used in almost all rolling mills, especially in hot and cold rolling mills.
  • the strips can be subjected to further processing steps.
  • the rolled-down strip is usually rolled up with the aid of a reel to so-called "coils".
  • a direct coupling with a cold rolling plant and / or treatment line takes place in the continuous process.
  • the hot strip can be subjected to further intermediate steps, such as a temperature treatment, before it is fed to a cold rolling line.
  • a cold rolling line At the end of a cold rolling line is usually a take-up reel for receiving the rolled strip, possibly combined in the continuous process with a pair of scissors.
  • JP 10-235416 alternatively proposes to integrate a compact superconducting electric motor into the interior of a roll of a roll stand.
  • Such a design entails mechanical problems, since the roll in question, with its thus reduced stability, will suffer deformations at high rolling forces.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a rolling mill for processing rolling stock and a cast-rolling composite plant with such a rolling mill and an operating method for the cast-rolling composite plant, which / which by means of his / her drive concept, the metallurgical and manufacturing processes simplify rolling, improve their energy efficiency and / or make it more flexible.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a rolling mill with the features of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a cast-rolling composite plant according to claim 8, with respect to the operating method by a Method according to claim 11.
  • the rolling train comprises a plurality, in particular at least three or four, of roll stands immediately adjacent in the rolling direction, in particular in tandem operation.
  • the rolling train is either a roughing train and - with particular advantage - a finishing train of a hot rolling mill or hot strip rolling mill.
  • the rolling train comprises a plurality of laterally arranged electric motors with superconducting windings and at least three or at least four of the rolling stands each have at least one of the work rolls, preferably gearless, connected to the shaft of one of the electric motors.
  • rolling stock for example, slabs, hot strip, cold strip, coarse or thin sheets, pipes, etc. of iron, steel, non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, etc. into consideration.
  • HTS motor An electric motor with electrically superconducting windings will be referred to as HTS motor in the following.
  • HTS motor both a machine whose rotor winding is superconducting and whose stator winding is normally conducting, and a machine, so-called fully superconducting machines, in which both the rotor and the stator winding is made using superconducting material to understand.
  • the rolling stands in a rolling mill due to the spatial extent of rolling stand, gear and electric motors must comply with a minimum distance, the minimum distance of the rolling stands is due to the Size of the frame stand, of possibly necessary Eisengerüsttransport adopteden limited by electric motors or transmission.
  • rolling stands which are driven by a HTS motor, the minimum distance between immediately adjacent rolling stands and thus, for example, the unwanted cooling of the rolling stock can be reduced by reduced thermal radiation.
  • HTS motors which have a much smaller size with the same power compared to conventional electric motors.
  • HTS motors which have a much smaller size with the same power compared to conventional electric motors.
  • the use of a HTS motor in a rolling mill considerable energy savings (lower power dissipation) and because of possible reduced aggregate distances also brings cost advantages. This is particularly advantageous in cast-rolled composite systems.
  • the rolling mills of the rolling train have at least two work rolls, between which the rolling stock is machinable, wherein at least one of the work rolls is driven by a HTS motor.
  • a rolling stand can be used both in hot and cold rolling mills.
  • a rolling stand in a cold rolling mill is used to roll down hot strip to the thickness desired by the customer.
  • the rolling stand can be designed, for example, as a duo or as a quarto-rolling mill or as a hexagonal rolling mill.
  • the rolling mill is driven by a more compact HTS motor with the same power, the distances between the rolling stands can be selected smaller and the entire rolling train can be made shorter or more compact.
  • the inventors have recognized that use of an HTS motor in the rolling mill thus brings with it significant cost reductions as well as technological advantages as a result of reduced cooling of the continuous rolling stock.
  • An HTS engine has a more stable, stiff performance (e.g., small rotor angle) and also reacts faster to changes in command values than a conventional electric motor. This case occurs frequently during rolling. In comparison to a conventional electric motor, an HTS motor is thus able to be regulated more quickly, which allows an improved and / or faster puncture behavior and / or an improved ski control particularly when it is used in a rolling train. This is particularly advantageous in heavy hot rolling reversing lines. As a "ski” is an unintentional deformation of the band up or down, i. referred to perpendicular to the transport direction.
  • At least one of the work rolls is gearless or connected by means of a reduced compared to a conventional electric drive gear with the shaft of one of the electric motors.
  • the mechanical connection between the shaft of the HTS motor and the work roll of the rolling mill is carried out while dispensing with torque-converting mechanical intermediate elements (gear).
  • the shaft of the electric motor may be connected to the work roll via a common shaft or a spindle.
  • a spindle e.g. a Doppelgelenkwelle understood with two end-side universal joints, which serves the torque transmission between the drive shaft of the motor and the work roll of the rolling stand.
  • the absence of a gear not only brings a cost advantage, but also increases the reliability and variability of the mill.
  • the HTS engine According to the property of the HTS engine to provide an increased torque compared to a conventional engine of comparable size, can - be reduced as a second variant - the size of the transmission. Both variants allow a cost reduction of the entire system.
  • the variant without gearbox requires less maintenance.
  • the rolling stand in which according to the invention the HTS motor is advantageously used, are the so-called twin drives, in which each of the work rolls is driven by an electric motor.
  • the rolling stand is configured such that it comprises a plurality of HTS motors, wherein each of the work rolls - preferably as described above directly or with a reduced gearbox - is mechanically connected to the shaft of one of the HTS motors. Since compared to conventional electric motors, the HTS motors with the same torque have a smaller size, eg due to a smaller stator diameter, the distance between the drive shafts of the motors can be reduced to each other.
  • the electric motors are arranged directly next to one another or locally above one another (offset from each other). According to a further embodiment, these therefore advantageously have a common cooling system.
  • an HTS motor is not only advantageous in directly driven rolling stands, such as the aforementioned twin drives, but also in a rolling mill, which according to a further embodiment comprises two work rolls, which are mechanically coupled via a branching gear, said this drive side with the shaft of one of the electric motors is coupled.
  • the branching gear is a pinion gear, since this withstands high torques.
  • the material of the windings of the HTS motor comprises metallic LTC superconductor material ("LTC" Low Temperature Conducting).
  • LTC Low Temperature Conducting
  • bismuth-based superconducting material which is technically proven, resistant and thus easy to process is suitable.
  • the superconducting material for the windings of the HTS motor may be selected to have a critical current density of more than 300 A / mm 2 at an operating temperature of 4.2K.
  • HTC superconductor material for example YBCuO is suitable, which has a higher transition temperature than metal oxide LTC superconductor material. The cooling overhead in the operation of a HTS motor with windings of HTC superconductor material is therefore correspondingly lower.
  • an operating temperature between 10 and 40 K, preferably between 20 and 30 K, provided for the windings of the HTS motor.
  • metal oxide HTC superconductor material also has a high critical current density and a high critical field.
  • the HTS motors in particular those of adjacent rolling stands, have a common cooling system in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the distance between the rolling mills causes undesirable changes in the state variables of the rolling stock.
  • the stand spacing of today's hot rolling mills in conventional construction is typically more than 5.0 m to 5.5 m.
  • the rolling stock may, for example, cool down too much between the individual rolling passes or form scales on the surface.
  • additional equipment such as an induction furnace or a descaling unit be compensated.
  • the use of such additional units and their integration in the rolling mill is expensive on the one hand and resource-intensive on the other hand.
  • the spacing of the rolling stands can be reduced by the use of drive motors with superconducting windings, whereby additional aggregates, e.g. for descaling or for heating the rolling stock, can be omitted.
  • At least two of the rolling stands are designed for a maximum rolling force of more than 1500 t, in particular more than 2000 t, more than 2500 t, more than 3000 t, more than 3500 t or more than 4000 t and these two stands stand in the rolling direction at a distance of less than 5.0 m, preferably less than 4.5 m, less than 4.3 m, less than 4.0 m, less than 3.9 m, less than 3.7 m or less than 3.5 m.
  • the distance of the rolling stands is determined here as the distance of the axes of rotation of the work rolls of adjacent rolling stands in the rolling direction.
  • the rolling train has a control and / or regulating device-designed, for example, as part of process automation, in particular for controlling a heating device, a cooling section, a finishing stack and / or a speed of the rolling train, which is designed such that one as a result of the HTS -Motors is considered compared to a use of conventional engines reduced heat loss in the rolling stock.
  • a control and / or regulating device-designed for example, as part of process automation, in particular for controlling a heating device, a cooling section, a finishing stack and / or a speed of the rolling train, which is designed such that one as a result of the HTS -Motors is considered compared to a use of conventional engines reduced heat loss in the rolling stock.
  • This can be done by implementation in an underlying model.
  • Particularly appropriate is the consideration of the reduced heat loss in the process automation system of the finishing scale, including in the regulation of the finished strip temperature and / or on the reel temperature.
  • an optional - possibly existing between the rolling stands - transport device is designed as a vertical loop lifter. This achieves a further reduction in the distance between the stands.
  • the rolling train is part of a cast-rolling composite plant for the continuous production of hot strip.
  • the processing speed of a cast-rolling composite plant is determined by the speed of the caster. Consequently, the state changes of the rolling stock occurring between the individual rolling passes, for example the cooling thereof, can not be compensated in a simple manner by increasing the rolling speed.
  • the inventors have recognized that a reduction in the distance of the rolling stands thus represents a very advantageous possibility of effectively avoiding intermediate units, such as descaling systems or induction furnaces, for example, or making them less complicated.
  • a reduced distance of the rolling stands can be achieved by using HTS motors.
  • the heater is adjusted for heating power in consideration of a reduced heat loss in the rolling stock or strip due to the electric motors used ,
  • the cast-rolling composite plant can be carried out completely without such a heater.
  • MW stands for megawatts, h for hours and t for (metric) tons.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used for a method for increasing the performance of an existing rolling train comprising at least one rolling stand with non-superconducting and arranged in a limited space motor drive.
  • the non-superconducting motor is replaced by a HTS motor that does not exceed the installation space limitation, ie an electric motor with superconducting windings, which is designed in such a way that the maximum rolling moment in the rolling stand is increased compared to the existing rolling line. It is designed either superconducting only the rotor, or only the stator, or both.
  • a tandem cold rolling mill 2 serves to roll down of hot strip 4 to the customer's desired thickness.
  • the coiled to a hot rolled strip 4 of the tandem cold rolling mill 2 by means of a take-off reel 6 in a rolling direction W is supplied.
  • the thickness of the hot strip 4 is first determined by means of a measuring device 8, then the strip is rolled down in several successive rolling passes by means of rolling stands 10 to the desired thickness.
  • Each of the rolling stands 10 has at least two work rolls 12 and two support rolls 14, wherein the rolling stock, in this case the hot strip 4, is processed between the work rolls 12.
  • the tape is rewound into a coil by means of a coiler 16.
  • a dividing shear 18 is available for the separation of the belt transversely to the rolling direction W.
  • the reel 16 is driven by a HTS motor 20.
  • the shaft of the HTS motor 20 is connected directly to the axis of the reel 16, that is, no transmission between the HTS motor 20 and the reel 16 is used. The same does not apply to the FIG. 1 shown drive the uncoiler 6 to.
  • the work rolls 12 of the rolling stands 10 are either as twin drives, exemplified for the second rolling stand 10 in the rolling direction W, or using a branching gear, in this case a pinion gear 22, as exemplified for the third rolling stand 10 in the rolling direction W driven ,
  • a branching gear in this case a pinion gear 22
  • both work rolls 12 are each directly connected to the shaft of a respective separate HTS motor 20 (both denoted by 20).
  • the rewinding and reeling 16.6 and the rolling stands 10 are connected to a common control and / or regulating device 105, which will be discussed in detail later.
  • FIG. 2 shows a hot rolling mill 30 with the preheated slabs 32 are rolled to hot strip 4.
  • the slabs 32 are first rolled in a roughing train 34 and later with a consisting of several (here: seven) rolling stands 10 finished stagger 36 (finishing mill) to hot strip 4.
  • This is rolled up by means of a reel 16 to form a coil.
  • the individual rolling stands 10, each in to FIG. 1 similar execution two work rolls 12 and two support rollers 14 are driven by HTS motors 20 both in the roughing 34 and in the finishing stack 36.
  • the rolled strip has a width of 0.6 m to 1.8 m, typically 0.8 m to 1.6 m.
  • the HTS motors 20 are arranged laterally with respect to the rolling direction W and laterally of the rolling stands.
  • FIG. 3 shows a highly schematic (vertical) cross-sectional view of a rolling stand 10 of the tandem cold rolling line 2 of FIG. 1 or, more preferably, the hot rolling mill 30 of FIG. 2 , whose work rolls 12 are driven by a twin drive ("Twin Drive").
  • twin Drive a twin drive
  • each of the work rolls 12 is connected with its shaft 23 via a spindle 24 to the motor shaft 25 of an HTS motor 20.
  • the connection between the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 and the spindle 24 and between this and the motor shaft 25 takes place in each case by means of a universal joint or by means of waves with claws.
  • HTS motors 20 a low height H on.
  • the distance A of the motor shafts 25 is smaller than in conventional drives and thus the spindle pitch ⁇ is low.
  • the spindle pitch ⁇ is the angle between the spindle 24 and the extension of the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 to understand.
  • the spindle pitch ⁇ results from the offset between the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 and the motor shaft 25, which is bridged by the spindle 24.
  • the spindle pitch ⁇ ⁇ 3 ° for example, 1.5 ° - 2.5 °.
  • the HTS motors 20 have a common cooling system 26, with which their superconducting windings are cooled.
  • the cooling system 26 is an insulated pipe system generally known from cryotechnology, in which a refrigerant circulates and in which a refrigeration unit 28 is integrated. This usually includes a reservoir for the refrigerant, which is, for example, liquid helium, neon, nitrogen or a mixture of these gases.
  • the refrigeration unit 28 also includes a compressor or a cold head for liquefying the coolant.
  • the circulation of the coolant in the cooling system 26 may be by means of a pump or driven by a thermosiphon effect.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of four rolling stands 10 of a running in tandem assembly hot strip finishing line of a hot rolling mill, as for example FIG. 2 as Fertigstaffel 36 of the hot rolling mill 30 shows, in plan (cross) view.
  • the rolling stands 10 are waiving other units, such as induction heaters or Entzu matterssanlagen in the rolling direction W immediately adjacent to each other, which is possible due to the compact size of their used for driving HTS motors 20.
  • the rolling stands 10 can thereby reach a distance B from one another, which can not be achieved with conventionally driven rolling stands 10. As distance B while the removal of Rotary axes D of the work rolls 12 defined in the rolling direction W.
  • the work rolls 12 are driven directly by the HTS motors 20, i. the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 and the motor shaft 25 of the HTS motors 20 form a common component.
  • the HTS motors 20 of the rolling stands 10 arranged directly next to one another have a common cooling system 26 with an integrated refrigeration unit 28.
  • FIG. 5 shows a continuous casting belt-rolling plant 40 in which from a casting platform 42 in a Dünnbrammeng think Skerie 40 continuously thin slabs are produced, which via a roller table 45 continuously, ie without cutting, winding and intermediate storage, a first rolling mill 46 ( "High Reduction Mill") are supplied.
  • the motors of this rolling train 46 are designed as HTS motors.
  • This device 48 is significant in particular in case of subsequent malfunctions in the direction of production.
  • An optional crop shear can also have an HTS drive.
  • the drives of the rollers of the second rolling train 56 are designed as HTS engines, which just as in the rolls of the first rolling mill 46 brings special space advantages.
  • an induction furnace is shown as a heater 54, the heating power P - is chosen smaller - with the same mass flow rate - than with conventional electric motors.
  • a mass flow rate m 180 tons of steel per hour (t / h)
  • its heating power P 25 megawatts (MW), preferably only 23 MW or only 19 MW.
  • the invention has not only effects on the dimensioning of a rolling mill, but also on the control of the system and its components. Therefore, a control and / or regulating device 105 (FIG. FIGS. 1 . 2 . 5 ) of the rolling train 2, 30, 46 and 56 or the cast-rolling composite plant 40 for controlling a heater 52, a finished relay 56, a cooling section 58 and / or a speed of the rolling train, designed such that a result of used superconducting electric motors compared with the use of conventional motors reduced heat loss is taken into account.
  • FIG. 6 shows in the hatched area 100, the preferred design according to the invention of rolling trains, for example, finishing lines of a hot strip mill, the distance B in the rolling direction of two rolling stands up and the maximum of the rolling stands producible rolling force F is given to the right.
  • "Small plants” with a maximum rolling force of less than 1000 t (metric tons) are not considered in the example.
  • the stand spacing B according to the invention is smaller than 5 m even with very large rolling forces (line 101).
  • the straight line 102 clarifies the realization that with increasing Walzkraft more and more space for the drive systems and motors is needed because they have to work against increasing forces in the nip, so that ultimately increases the distance from the framework.
  • FIG. 7 shows an optional design for further reduction of the stand spacing B, in which between two rolling stands 10 a loop lifter 110 is present as a transport device.
  • An actuating cylinder 112 performs essentially only a vertical or up and down movement to support the belt 4 and thus requires very little space.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Walzstraße, insbesondere Warmwalzstraße, Warmbreitbandstraße oder/und Fertigstraße eines Warmwalzwerks, zur Verarbeitung von Walzgut, insbesondere bestehend aus Stahl, Aluminium, Kupfer oder Titan, mit einer Mehrzahl von in einer Walzrichtung unmittelbar benachbarten Walzgerüsten, wobei die Walzgerüste jeweils zumindest zwei Arbeitswalzen aufweisen, zwischen denen das Walzgut bearbeitbar ist. Außerdem bezieht sich die Erfindung auf eine Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage und auf ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage.The invention relates to a rolling train, in particular hot rolling, hot strip mill and / or finishing mill of a hot rolling mill, for processing rolling stock, in particular consisting of steel, aluminum, copper or titanium, with a plurality of rolling stands immediately adjacent in a rolling direction, wherein the rolling stands in each case at least two Have work rolls between which the rolling stock is machinable. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cast-rolling composite plant and to a method for operating a cast-rolling composite plant.

Metallische Vorprodukte wie beispielsweise Brammen, Warmoder Kaltband, Bleche, Rohre, etc. aus Materialien wie Eisen, Stahl, Nichteisenmetallen oder anderen metallischen Werkstoffen werden großindustriell in Walzstraßen verschiedenen Verarbeitungs- und Veredelungsschritten unterzogen. Typische Verarbeitungsschritte sind das Auswalzen von gegossenen Brammen zu Warmband oder das Herunterwalzen des Warmbandes auf die vom Kunden gewünschte Dicke in einer Kaltwalzstrasse, beispielsweise einer Tandemstraße.Metallic precursors such as slabs, hot or cold strip, sheets, tubes, etc. of materials such as iron, steel, non-ferrous metals or other metallic materials are subjected to industrial processing in rolling mills various processing and finishing steps. Typical processing steps are the rolling of cast slabs to hot strip or the down rolling of the hot strip to the thickness desired by the customer in a cold rolling train, for example a tandem mill.

Walzanlagen kommen konventionell als separate Anlagen vor, die ihr Walzgut zum Beispiel von einer separaten Stranggusseinrichtung, z.B. einem "continuous casting system" erhalten. In modernen Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlagen kann Warmband in einem kontinuierlichen Prozess, insbesondere endlos, hergestellt werden. Eine Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage ist z.B. in WO 96/01710 oder in DE 694 08 595 T2 offenbart.Rolling plants conventionally occur as separate plants which receive their rolling stock from, for example, a separate continuous casting device, eg a "continuous casting system". In modern cast-rolled composite plants, hot strip can be produced in a continuous process, in particular endlessly. A cast-rolled composite plant is eg in WO 96/01710 or in DE 694 08 595 T2 disclosed.

Die maßgebliche Komponente zur Bearbeitung von Walzgut ist ein Walzgerüst, mit dem z.B. Brammen in aufeinander folgenden Walzstichen zu einem Band ausgewalzt werden können. Walzgerüste kommen in nahezu allen Walzstrassen, insbesondere in Warm- und Kaltwalzstrassen zum Einsatz.The decisive component for the processing of rolling stock is a roll stand with which, for example, slabs can be rolled out in successive rolling passes to form a strip. rolling mills are used in almost all rolling mills, especially in hot and cold rolling mills.

Nach dem Warmwalzen können die Bänder weiteren Bearbeitungsschritten unterzogen werden. Am Ende der Walzstrasse wird das heruntergewalzte Band üblicherweise mit Hilfe einer Haspel zu sog. "Coils" aufgerollt. Alternativ erfolgt im kontinuierlichen Prozess eine direkte Kopplung mit einer Kaltwalzanlage und/ oder Behandlungslinie.After hot rolling, the strips can be subjected to further processing steps. At the end of the rolling train, the rolled-down strip is usually rolled up with the aid of a reel to so-called "coils". Alternatively, a direct coupling with a cold rolling plant and / or treatment line takes place in the continuous process.

Das Warmband kann weiteren Zwischenschritten, wie beispielsweise einer Temperaturbehandlung unterzogen werden, bevor es einer Kaltwalzstrasse zugeführt wird. Am Ende einer Kaltwalzstrasse befindet sich üblicherweise eine Aufwickelhaspel zur Aufnahme des gewalzten Bandes, im kontinuierlichen Prozess ggf. mit einer Schere kombiniert.The hot strip can be subjected to further intermediate steps, such as a temperature treatment, before it is fed to a cold rolling line. At the end of a cold rolling line is usually a take-up reel for receiving the rolled strip, possibly combined in the continuous process with a pair of scissors.

Beim Walzen müssen hohe Drehmomente zur Bearbeitung des Walzgutes aufgebracht werden. Aus diesem Grund werden leistungsstarke Elektromotoren zum Antrieb der Walzen eingesetzt, deren Drehmoment vielfach mit Hilfe eines Untersetzungsgetriebes weiter vergrößert wird. DE 199 11 751 C1 beschreibt eine Antriebseinrichtung für ein Walzgerüst. Leistungsstarke Elektromotoren ebenso wie entsprechend geeignete Getriebe sind sehr schwer und voluminös.When rolling high torques for processing the rolling stock must be applied. For this reason, powerful electric motors are used to drive the rollers, whose torque is often further increased by means of a reduction gear. DE 199 11 751 C1 describes a drive device for a roll stand. Powerful electric motors as well as correspondingly suitable transmissions are very heavy and voluminous.

Die Elektromotoren samt Getrieben müssen - bezogen auf die Verarbeitungsrichtung des Walzgutes - seitlich angeordnet werden und vergrößern dadurch den durch eine Fabrikhalle zu überbauenden Raumbedarf erheblich. JP 10-235416 schlägt alternativ dazu vor, einen kompakten supraleitenden Elektromotor in das Innere einer Walze eines Walzgerüstes zu integrieren. Eine solche Ausgestaltung zieht mechanische Probleme nach sich, da die betreffende Walze mit ihrer somit verminderten Stabilität Verformungen bei hohen Walzkräften erleiden wird.The electric motors including gearboxes must be arranged laterally with respect to the processing direction of the rolling stock, thereby considerably increasing the space required to be overbuilt by a factory hall. JP 10-235416 alternatively proposes to integrate a compact superconducting electric motor into the interior of a roll of a roll stand. Such a design entails mechanical problems, since the roll in question, with its thus reduced stability, will suffer deformations at high rolling forces.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Walzstraße zur Verarbeitung von Walzgut und eine Gieß-Walz-VerbundAnlage mit einer solchen Walzstraße sowie ein Betriebsverfahren für die Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage anzugeben, welches/welche vermittels seines/ihres Antriebskonzeptes die metallurgischen und Herstellungsprozesse beim Walzen vereinfachen, in ihrer Energieeffizienz verbessern und/ oder flexibler gestalten lässt/lassen.The object of the present invention is to provide a rolling mill for processing rolling stock and a cast-rolling composite plant with such a rolling mill and an operating method for the cast-rolling composite plant, which / which by means of his / her drive concept, the metallurgical and manufacturing processes simplify rolling, improve their energy efficiency and / or make it more flexible.

Hinsichtlich der Walzstraße wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Walzstraße mit den Merkmalen nach Anspruch 1. Bezüglich der Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Gieß-Walz-VerbundAnlage nach Anspruch 8, in Bezug auf das Betriebsverfahren durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 11.With regard to the rolling mill, the object of the invention is achieved by a rolling mill with the features of claim 1. With respect to the cast-rolling composite plant, the object of the invention is achieved by a cast-rolling composite plant according to claim 8, with respect to the operating method by a Method according to claim 11.

Die Walzstraße umfasst eine Mehrzahl, insbesondere mindestens drei oder vier, von in Walzrichtung unmittelbar benachbarten Walzgerüsten, insbesondere im Tandembetrieb.The rolling train comprises a plurality, in particular at least three or four, of roll stands immediately adjacent in the rolling direction, in particular in tandem operation.

Die Walzstrasse ist entweder eine Vorstrasse und - mit besonderem Vorteil - eine Fertigstrasse eines Warmwalzwerks oder Warmbandwalzwerkes.The rolling train is either a roughing train and - with particular advantage - a finishing train of a hot rolling mill or hot strip rolling mill.

Dabei umfasst die Walzstrasse mehrere seitlich angeordnete Elektromotoren mit supraleitenden Wicklungen und es ist bei mindestens drei oder mindestens vier der Walzgerüste jeweils wenigstens eine der Arbeitswalzen, vorzugsweise getriebelos, mit der Welle eines der Elektromotoren verbunden.In this case, the rolling train comprises a plurality of laterally arranged electric motors with superconducting windings and at least three or at least four of the rolling stands each have at least one of the work rolls, preferably gearless, connected to the shaft of one of the electric motors.

Als Walzgut kommen beispielsweise Brammen, Warmband, Kaltband, Grob- oder Feinbleche, Rohre, etc. aus Eisen, Stahl, Nichteisenmetallen wie beispielsweise Aluminium, etc. in Betracht.As rolling stock, for example, slabs, hot strip, cold strip, coarse or thin sheets, pipes, etc. of iron, steel, non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, etc. into consideration.

Ein Elektromotor mit elektrisch supraleitenden Wicklungen soll im Folgenden kurz als HTS-Motor bezeichnet werden. Unter einem HTS-Motor ist sowohl eine Maschine, deren Rotorwicklung supraleitend und deren Ständerwicklung normalleitend ist, als auch eine Maschine, sogenannte voll supraleitende Maschinen, bei der sowohl die Rotor- als auch die Ständerwicklung unter Verwendung von supraleitendem Material hergestellt ist, zu verstehen.An electric motor with electrically superconducting windings will be referred to as HTS motor in the following. Under an HTS motor, both a machine whose rotor winding is superconducting and whose stator winding is normally conducting, and a machine, so-called fully superconducting machines, in which both the rotor and the stator winding is made using superconducting material to understand.

Der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung der Walzstraße liegen die folgenden Überlegungen zugrunde:The embodiment of the rolling train according to the invention is based on the following considerations:

In einer Walzstraße werden hohe Leistungen bzw. Drehmomente benötigt, die lediglich von entsprechend großen/voluminösen Elektromotoren erbracht werden können. Diese müssen vielfach zur weiteren Erhöhung des Drehmoments mit einem Getriebe versehen werden. Entsprechend weisen die Antriebe eine große Baugröße auf. Die große räumliche Ausdehnung von Getriebe und Motor sowie deren hohes Gewicht führen dazu, dass die Konstruktion einer kompakten Walzstrasse bislang nur bedingt möglich ist.In a rolling mill high powers or torques are required, which can be provided only by correspondingly large / voluminous electric motors. These must often be provided to further increase the torque with a gear. Accordingly, the drives have a large size. The large spatial extent of the gearbox and motor and their high weight mean that the construction of a compact rolling mill is so far only possible to a limited extent.

Beispielsweise ergeben sich aus dem resultierenden Platzbedarf der bislang verwendeten konventionellen Elektromotoren Walzgerüstabstände, die man in unerwünschter Weise durch Einrichtungen zum Materialtransport überbrücken muss. Eine weitere Folge des hohen Gerüstabstandes sind Durchlaufzeiten zwischen den Verformungsstichen, die speziell im Warmwalzprozess zu maßgeblichen und unerwünschten Temperaturverlusten führen. Im genannten Beispiel hat dies dann zur Folge, dass das Produktspektrum etwa hinsichtlich der noch walzbaren Enddicke eingeschränkt werden muss und/ oder die Produktivität (Durchsatz) vermindert wird.For example, resulting from the resulting space requirement of the conventional electric motors used so far stand distances, which must be bridged in an undesirable manner by means for material transport. Another consequence of the high stand spacing are lead times between the forming passes, which lead to significant and undesirable temperature losses, especially in the hot rolling process. In the example mentioned, this has the consequence that the product spectrum has to be limited, for example, with regard to the final millable thickness and / or the productivity (throughput) is reduced.

Es wurde erkannt, dass die Walzgerüste in einer Walzstrasse, bedingt durch die räumliche Ausdehnung von Walzgerüst, Getriebe und Elektromotoren, einen Mindestabstand einhalten müssen, der minimale Abstand der Walzgerüste ist durch die Größe der Gerüstständer, von ggf. nötigen Zwischengerüsttransporteinrichtungen, von Elektromotoren bzw. Getriebe begrenzt. Durch die Verwendung von Walzgerüsten, deren Antrieb über einen HTS-Motor erfolgt, kann der minimale Abstand unmittelbar benachbarter Walzgerüste und so beispielsweise die unerwünschte Abkühlung des Walzguts durch verringerte thermische Abstrahlung vermindert werden.It was recognized that the rolling stands in a rolling mill, due to the spatial extent of rolling stand, gear and electric motors must comply with a minimum distance, the minimum distance of the rolling stands is due to the Size of the frame stand, of possibly necessary Zwischengerüsttransporteinrichtungen limited by electric motors or transmission. By using rolling stands, which are driven by a HTS motor, the minimum distance between immediately adjacent rolling stands and thus, for example, the unwanted cooling of the rolling stock can be reduced by reduced thermal radiation.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass durch den Einsatz von HTS-Motoren, welche bei gleicher Leistung gegenüber konventionellen Elektromotoren eine wesentlich geringere Baugröße aufweisen, die vorstehenden technischen Probleme überwunden werden können. Außerdem wurde erkannt, dass der Einsatz eines HTS-Motors in einem Walzwerk erhebliche Energieeinsparpotentiale (niedrigere Verlustleistung) und wegen möglicher verminderter Aggregatsabstände auch Kostenvorteile mit sich bringt. Von besonderem Vorteil ist dies bei Gieß-Walz-Verbundanlagen.According to the invention it has been recognized that the above technical problems can be overcome by the use of HTS motors, which have a much smaller size with the same power compared to conventional electric motors. In addition, it was recognized that the use of a HTS motor in a rolling mill considerable energy savings (lower power dissipation) and because of possible reduced aggregate distances also brings cost advantages. This is particularly advantageous in cast-rolled composite systems.

Die Walzgerüste der Walzstraße weisen zumindest zwei Arbeitswalzen auf, zwischen denen das Walzgut bearbeitbar ist, wobei zumindest eine der Arbeitswalzen von einem HTS-Motor angetrieben ist. Ein solches Walzgerüst ist sowohl in Warm- als auch in Kaltwalzstraßen einsetzbar. Während es in einer Warmwalzstraße beispielsweise zum Auswalzen von Brammen verwendet wird, dient ein Walzgerüst in einer Kaltwalzstraße dem Herunterwalzen von Warmband auf die vom Kunden gewünschte Dicke. Das Walzgerüst kann beispielsweise als Duo- oder als Quartowalzgerüst oder als Sextowalzgerüst ausgestaltet sein.The rolling mills of the rolling train have at least two work rolls, between which the rolling stock is machinable, wherein at least one of the work rolls is driven by a HTS motor. Such a rolling stand can be used both in hot and cold rolling mills. For example, while used in a hot rolling mill for slab rolling, a rolling stand in a cold rolling mill is used to roll down hot strip to the thickness desired by the customer. The rolling stand can be designed, for example, as a duo or as a quarto-rolling mill or as a hexagonal rolling mill.

Da der Antrieb des Walzgerüstes über einen bei gleicher Leistung kompakteren HTS-Motor erfolgt, können die Abstände zwischen den Walzgerüsten geringer gewählt und die gesamte Walzstraße somit kürzer oder kompakter gebaut werden. Die Erfinder haben erkannt, dass eine Verwendung eines HTS-Motors im Walzwerk somit erhebliche Kostenreduktionen als auch technologische Vorteile infolge einer verminderten Abkühlung des durchlaufenden Walzguts mit sich bringt.Since the rolling mill is driven by a more compact HTS motor with the same power, the distances between the rolling stands can be selected smaller and the entire rolling train can be made shorter or more compact. The inventors have recognized that use of an HTS motor in the rolling mill thus brings with it significant cost reductions as well as technological advantages as a result of reduced cooling of the continuous rolling stock.

Ein HTS-Motor hat ein stabileres, steifes Betriebsverhalten (z.B. kleiner Polradwinkel) und reagiert im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Elektromotor darüber hinaus auch schneller auf Änderungen von Führungsgrößen. Dieser Fall tritt beim Walzen häufig auf. Im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Elektromotor ist ein HTS-Motor also schneller regelbar, was insbesondere bei dessen Einsatz in einer Walzstraße ein verbessertes und/ oder schnelleres Anstichverhalten und/ oder eine verbesserte Ski-Regelung erlaubt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dies in schweren Warmwalz-Reversierstraßen. Als "Ski" wird ein ungewolltes Verformen des Bandes nach oben oder unten, d.h. senkrecht zur Transportrichtung bezeichnet.An HTS engine has a more stable, stiff performance (e.g., small rotor angle) and also reacts faster to changes in command values than a conventional electric motor. This case occurs frequently during rolling. In comparison to a conventional electric motor, an HTS motor is thus able to be regulated more quickly, which allows an improved and / or faster puncture behavior and / or an improved ski control particularly when it is used in a rolling train. This is particularly advantageous in heavy hot rolling reversing lines. As a "ski" is an unintentional deformation of the band up or down, i. referred to perpendicular to the transport direction.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung ist zumindest eine der Arbeitswalzen getriebelos oder mittels einem im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Elektroantrieb verkleinerten Getriebe mit der Welle eines der Elektromotoren verbunden. Mit anderen Worten erfolgt bei der ersten Variante die mechanische Verbindung zwischen der Welle des HTS-Motors und der Arbeitswalze des Walzgerüstes unter Verzicht auf drehmomentwandelnde mechanische Zwischenelemente (Getriebe). Beispielsweise kann die Welle des Elektromotors mit der Arbeitswalze über eine gemeinsame Welle oder eine Spindel verbunden sein. Als Spindel wird z.B. eine Doppelgelenkwelle mit zwei endseitig vorhandenen Kardangelenken verstanden, die der Drehmomentenübertragung zwischen der Antriebswelle des Motors und der Arbeitswalze des Walzgerüsts dient. Der Verzicht auf ein Getriebe bringt nicht nur einen Kostenvorteil mit sich, sondern erhöht auch die Zuverlässigkeit und die Variabilität des Walzgerüstes. Gemäß der Eigenschaft des HTS-Motors im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Motor bei vergleichbarer Baugröße ein erhöhtes Drehmoment bereitstellen zu können, kann - als zweite Variante - die Größe des Getriebes verkleinert werden. Beide Varianten erlauben eine Kostenminderung des Gesamtsystems. Die Variante ohne Getriebe ist wartungsärmer.According to one embodiment, at least one of the work rolls is gearless or connected by means of a reduced compared to a conventional electric drive gear with the shaft of one of the electric motors. In other words, in the first variant, the mechanical connection between the shaft of the HTS motor and the work roll of the rolling mill is carried out while dispensing with torque-converting mechanical intermediate elements (gear). For example, the shaft of the electric motor may be connected to the work roll via a common shaft or a spindle. As a spindle, e.g. a Doppelgelenkwelle understood with two end-side universal joints, which serves the torque transmission between the drive shaft of the motor and the work roll of the rolling stand. The absence of a gear not only brings a cost advantage, but also increases the reliability and variability of the mill. According to the property of the HTS engine to provide an increased torque compared to a conventional engine of comparable size, can - be reduced as a second variant - the size of the transmission. Both variants allow a cost reduction of the entire system. The variant without gearbox requires less maintenance.

Eine spezielle Konfiguration des Walzgerüstes, in welcher erfindungsgemäß der HTS-Motor vorteilhaft zum Einsatz kommt, sind die sogenannten Zwillingsantriebe ("Twin-Drives"), bei denen jede der Arbeitswalzen von einem Elektromotor angetrieben wird. Entsprechend ist nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform das Walzgerüst so ausgestaltet, dass dieses mehrere HTS-Motoren umfasst, wobei jede der Arbeitswalzen - vorzugsweise wie vorbeschrieben direkt oder mit verkleinertem Getriebe - mit der Welle eines der HTS-Motoren mechanisch verbunden ist. Da im Vergleich mit konventionellen Elektromotoren die HTS-Motoren bei gleichem Drehmoment eine geringere Baugröße aufweisen, z.B. bedingt durch einen kleineren Ständerdurchmesser, kann der Abstand der Antriebswellen der Motoren zueinander verringert werden. Dies macht sich auch noch dadurch positiv bemerkbar, dass gleichzeitig die vorhandene Neigung der Spindeln verringert werden kann oder bei gleichbleibender Spindelneigung das Drehmoment der Motoren erhöht werden kann. Durch eine Reduzierung der Spindelneigung kann deren Verschleiß, insbesondere in den Kardangelenken, verringert werden. Als dritte Maßnahme/ Variante kann auch die Spindellänge verkürzt werden mit der Folge eines besseren Regelverhaltens, denn lange Spindeln wirken wie Federn.A special configuration of the rolling stand, in which according to the invention the HTS motor is advantageously used, are the so-called twin drives, in which each of the work rolls is driven by an electric motor. Accordingly, according to a further embodiment, the rolling stand is configured such that it comprises a plurality of HTS motors, wherein each of the work rolls - preferably as described above directly or with a reduced gearbox - is mechanically connected to the shaft of one of the HTS motors. Since compared to conventional electric motors, the HTS motors with the same torque have a smaller size, eg due to a smaller stator diameter, the distance between the drive shafts of the motors can be reduced to each other. This is also positively noticeable that at the same time the existing inclination of the spindles can be reduced or the torque of the motors can be increased while maintaining the spindle angle. By reducing the spindle tilt their wear, especially in the universal joints, can be reduced. As a third measure / variant, the spindle length can be shortened with the result of a better control behavior, because long spindles act like springs.

Bei einem Twin-Drive sind die Elektromotoren unmittelbar nebeneinander oder örtlich übereinander (zueinander versetzt) angeordnet. Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform weisen diese daher vorteilhaft ein gemeinsames Kühlsystem auf.In a twin drive, the electric motors are arranged directly next to one another or locally above one another (offset from each other). According to a further embodiment, these therefore advantageously have a common cooling system.

Der Einsatz eines HTS-Motors ist jedoch nicht nur bei direkt angetriebenen Walzgerüsten, wie den vorgenannten Twin-Drives vorteilhaft, sondern auch bei einem Walzgerüst, welches nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform zwei Arbeitswalzen umfasst, die über ein Verzweigungsgetriebe mechanisch gekoppelt sind, wobei dieses antriebsseitig mit der Welle eines der Elektromotoren gekoppelt ist. Gemäß einer Weiterbildung handelt es sich bei dem Verzweigungsgetriebe um ein Kammwalzengetriebe, da dieses hohen Drehmomenten standhält.However, the use of an HTS motor is not only advantageous in directly driven rolling stands, such as the aforementioned twin drives, but also in a rolling mill, which according to a further embodiment comprises two work rolls, which are mechanically coupled via a branching gear, said this drive side with the shaft of one of the electric motors is coupled. According to a development, the branching gear is a pinion gear, since this withstands high torques.

Das Material der Wicklungen des HTS-Motors umfasst nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform metallisches LTC-Supraleitermaterial ("LTC" Low Temperature Conducting). Geeignet ist beispielsweise wismutbasiertes Supraleitermaterial, welches technisch erprobt, widerstandsfähig und somit leicht zu verarbeiten ist. Das Supraleitermaterial für die Wicklungen des HTS-Motors kann so ausgewählt werden, dass dieses eine kritische Stromdichte von mehr als 300 A/mm2 bei einer Betriebstemperatur von 4,2 K aufweist.The material of the windings of the HTS motor according to a further embodiment comprises metallic LTC superconductor material ("LTC" Low Temperature Conducting). For example, bismuth-based superconducting material which is technically proven, resistant and thus easy to process is suitable. The superconducting material for the windings of the HTS motor may be selected to have a critical current density of more than 300 A / mm 2 at an operating temperature of 4.2K.

Zur Reduzierung des kühltechnischen Aufwandes ist es zweckmäßig, dass das Material der Wicklungen des HTS-Motors metalloxidisches HTC-Supraleitermaterial ("HTC" = High Temperature Conducting) enthält. Als HTC-Supraleitermaterial ist beispielsweise YBCuO geeignet, welches eine höhere Sprungtemperatur als metalloxidisches LTC-Supraleitermaterial aufweist. Der kühltechnische Aufwand beim Betrieb eines HTS-Motors mit Wicklungen aus HTC-Supraleitermaterial, ist daher entsprechend geringer.To reduce the cooling expense, it is expedient that the material of the windings of the HTS motor contains metal oxide HTC superconductor material ("HTC" = High Temperature Conducting). As HTC superconductor material, for example YBCuO is suitable, which has a higher transition temperature than metal oxide LTC superconductor material. The cooling overhead in the operation of a HTS motor with windings of HTC superconductor material is therefore correspondingly lower.

Vorzugsweise wird daher eine Betriebstemperatur zwischen 10 und 40 K, vorzugsweise zwischen 20 und 30 K, für die Wicklungen des HTS-Motors vorgesehen. In dem genannten Temperaturbereich weist metalloxidisches HTC-Supraleitermaterial außerdem eine hohe kritische Stromdichte und ein hohes kritisches Feld auf.Preferably, therefore, an operating temperature between 10 and 40 K, preferably between 20 and 30 K, provided for the windings of the HTS motor. In the stated temperature range, metal oxide HTC superconductor material also has a high critical current density and a high critical field.

Besonders vorteilhaft weisen gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform die HTS-Motoren, insbesondere diejenigen benachbarter Walzgerüste, ein gemeinsames Kühlsystem auf.According to a further embodiment, the HTS motors, in particular those of adjacent rolling stands, have a common cooling system in a particularly advantageous manner.

Besonders bei kontinuierlichen Warmwalzstrassen bedingt der Abstand zwischen den Walzgerüsten unerwünschte Veränderungen der Zustandsgrößen des Walzgutes. Der Gerüstabstand heutiger Warmwalzwerke in konventioneller Bauweise beträgt typischerweise mehr als 5,0 m bis 5,5 m. Infolge solcher Abstände kann sich das Walzgut beispielsweise zwischen den einzelnen Walzstichen zu stark abkühlen oder Zunder auf der Oberfläche bilden. Solche Effekte müssen durch zusätzliche Aggregate wie beispielsweise einem Induktionsofen oder einem Entzunderungsaggregat kompensiert werden. Der Einsatz solcher Zusatzaggregate sowie ihre Integration in die Walzstrasse ist einerseits teuer zum anderen resourcen-intensiv.Particularly in the case of continuous hot rolling mills, the distance between the rolling mills causes undesirable changes in the state variables of the rolling stock. The stand spacing of today's hot rolling mills in conventional construction is typically more than 5.0 m to 5.5 m. As a result of such distances, the rolling stock may, for example, cool down too much between the individual rolling passes or form scales on the surface. Such effects must be met by additional equipment such as an induction furnace or a descaling unit be compensated. The use of such additional units and their integration in the rolling mill is expensive on the one hand and resource-intensive on the other hand.

Der Abstand der Walzgerüste kann durch den Einsatz von Antriebsmotoren mit supraleitenden Wicklungen verringert werden, wodurch zusätzliche Aggregate, z.B. zur Entzunderung oder zum Aufheizen des Walzgutes, entfallen können.The spacing of the rolling stands can be reduced by the use of drive motors with superconducting windings, whereby additional aggregates, e.g. for descaling or for heating the rolling stock, can be omitted.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind bei der Walzstrasse zumindest zwei der Walzgerüste für eine maximale Walzkraft von mehr als 1500 t, insbesondere von mehr als 2000 t, mehr als 2500 t, mehr als 3000 t, mehr als 3500 t oder mehr als 4000 t, ausgelegt und diese beiden Walzgerüste weisen hierbei in Walzrichtung voneinander einen Abstand von weniger als 5,0 m, vorzugsweise von weniger als 4,5 m, weniger als 4,3 m, weniger als 4,0 m, weniger als 3,9 m, weniger als 3,7 m oder weniger als 3,5 m auf.According to a preferred embodiment, in the rolling train, at least two of the rolling stands are designed for a maximum rolling force of more than 1500 t, in particular more than 2000 t, more than 2500 t, more than 3000 t, more than 3500 t or more than 4000 t and these two stands stand in the rolling direction at a distance of less than 5.0 m, preferably less than 4.5 m, less than 4.3 m, less than 4.0 m, less than 3.9 m, less than 3.7 m or less than 3.5 m.

Der Abstand der Walzgerüste bestimmt sich hierbei als Abstand der Drehachsen der Arbeitswalzen benachbarter Walzgerüste in Walzrichtung.The distance of the rolling stands is determined here as the distance of the axes of rotation of the work rolls of adjacent rolling stands in the rolling direction.

Weiterhin bevorzugt weist die Walzstrasse eine - zum Beispiel als Teil der Prozessautomatisierung ausgebildete - Steuerund/ oder Regeleinrichtung auf, insbesondere zur Steuerung einer Heizeinrichtung, einer Kühlstrecke, einer Fertigstaffel und/ oder einer Geschwindigkeit der Walzstrasse, die derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein infolge der HTS-Motoren gegenüber einer Verwendung konventioneller Motoren reduzierter Wärmeverlust im Walzgut berücksichtigt ist. Dies kann durch Implementierung in einem zugrundeliegenden Modell erfolgen. Besonders zweckmäßig ist die Berücksichtigung des verminderten Wärmeverlusts im Prozessautomatisierungssystem der Fertigstaffel, unter anderem bei der Regelung auf die Fertigbandtemperatur und/ oder auf die Haspeltemperatur.Furthermore, preferably, the rolling train has a control and / or regulating device-designed, for example, as part of process automation, in particular for controlling a heating device, a cooling section, a finishing stack and / or a speed of the rolling train, which is designed such that one as a result of the HTS -Motors is considered compared to a use of conventional engines reduced heat loss in the rolling stock. This can be done by implementation in an underlying model. Particularly appropriate is the consideration of the reduced heat loss in the process automation system of the finishing scale, including in the regulation of the finished strip temperature and / or on the reel temperature.

Mit Vorzug ist eine optionale - ggf. zwischen den Walzgerüsten vorhandene - Transporteinrichtung als vertikaler Schlingenheber ausgebildet. Damit wird eine weitere Verringerung des Gerüstabstandes erreicht.With preference, an optional - possibly existing between the rolling stands - transport device is designed as a vertical loop lifter. This achieves a further reduction in the distance between the stands.

Gemäß einer weiteren, bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Walzstraße Teil einer Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Warmband. Die Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit einer Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage ist durch die Geschwindigkeit der Gießeinrichtung (Caster) bestimmt. Die zwischen den einzelnen Walzstichen auftretenden Zustandsveränderungen des Walzgutes, beispielsweise dessen Abkühlung, können folglich nicht in einfacher Weise durch eine Erhöhung der Walzgeschwindigkeit kompensiert werden. Die Erfinder haben erkannt, dass eine Verringerung des Abstands der Walzgerüste somit eine sehr vorteilhafte Möglichkeit darstellt, zwischengeschaltete Aggregate, wie beispielsweise Entzunderungsanlagen oder Induktionsöfen wirksam zu vermeiden oder weniger aufwändig auszugestalten. Ein verringerter Abstand der Walzgerüste kann durch Einsatz von HTS-Motoren erreicht werden.According to a further preferred embodiment, the rolling train is part of a cast-rolling composite plant for the continuous production of hot strip. The processing speed of a cast-rolling composite plant is determined by the speed of the caster. Consequently, the state changes of the rolling stock occurring between the individual rolling passes, for example the cooling thereof, can not be compensated in a simple manner by increasing the rolling speed. The inventors have recognized that a reduction in the distance of the rolling stands thus represents a very advantageous possibility of effectively avoiding intermediate units, such as descaling systems or induction furnaces, for example, or making them less complicated. A reduced distance of the rolling stands can be achieved by using HTS motors.

Vorzugsweise ist bei der Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage, die eine vor oder nach der Walzstraße angeordnete Heizeinrichtung zur Erwärmung des von einer Gießeinrichtung gegossenen Bandes aufweist, die Heizeinrichtung bezüglich ihrer Heizleistung unter Berücksichtigung eines infolge der verwendeten Elektromotoren reduzierten Wärmeverlustes im Walzgut oder Band hergerichtet.Preferably, in the cast-rolling composite plant having a heating means arranged before or after the rolling mill for heating the belt cast from a casting apparatus, the heater is adjusted for heating power in consideration of a reduced heat loss in the rolling stock or strip due to the electric motors used ,

Im Grenzfall kann die Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage ganz ohne eine solche Heizeinrichtung ausgeführt werden.In the limit case, the cast-rolling composite plant can be carried out completely without such a heater.

Die verfahrensbezogene Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gieß-Walz-Verbundanlage, wobei Walz- oder Bandgut - vorzugsweise aus Stahl - mit einem Massendurchsatz (m als Masse pro Zeit) durch die Walzstraße transportiert wird und wobei die Heizeinrichtung mit einer Heizleistung (P) ausgestattet und/oder betrieben wird gemäß: 0 P < k m ˙

Figure imgb0001
wobei für den Faktor k gilt: k = 0,14(MW·h/t), insbesondere k = 0,13 (MW·h/t), k = 0,12 (MW·h/t) oder k = 0,11 (MW·h/t). Dabei steht MW für Megawatt, h für Stunden und t für (metrische) Tonnen.The method-related object is achieved according to the invention by a method for operating a cast-rolling composite plant, wherein rolled or strip material - preferably of steel - with a mass flow rate (m as mass per time) is transported through the mill train and wherein the heating device equipped with a heating power (P) and / or operated according to: 0 P < k m ˙
Figure imgb0001
where k = 0.14 (MW × h / t), in particular k = 0.13 (MW × h / t), k = 0.12 (MW × h / t) or k = 0 for the factor k , 11 (MW · h / t). Here, MW stands for megawatts, h for hours and t for (metric) tons.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist auch verwendbar für ein Verfahren zur Leistungssteigerung einer bestehenden Walzstrasse umfassend mindestens ein Walzgerüst mit nicht-supraleitendem und in einem begrenzten Bauraum angeordnetem Motorantrieb. Bei dem Leistungssteigerungsverfahren wird der nicht-supraleitende Motor durch einen die Bauraumbegrenzung nicht überschreitenden HTS-Motor, also einen Elektromotor mit supraleitenden Wicklungen, ersetzt, der derart ausgelegt ist, dass das maximale Walzmoment im Walzgerüst gegenüber der bestehenden Walzstrasse vergrößert ist. Es wird entweder nur der Rotor supraleitend ausgelegt, oder nur der Stator, oder beide.The device according to the invention can also be used for a method for increasing the performance of an existing rolling train comprising at least one rolling stand with non-superconducting and arranged in a limited space motor drive. In the performance enhancement method, the non-superconducting motor is replaced by a HTS motor that does not exceed the installation space limitation, ie an electric motor with superconducting windings, which is designed in such a way that the maximum rolling moment in the rolling stand is increased compared to the existing rolling line. It is designed either superconducting only the rotor, or only the stator, or both.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt deren

Figur 1
eine Kaltwalz-Tandemstraße in schematischer Perspektivansicht,
Figur 2
eine schematisierte Warmwalzstraße in Perspektivansicht,
Figur 3
einen Zwillingsantrieb ("Twin-Drive") eines Walzgerüsts in einer schematischen Querschnittsansicht,
Figur 4
eine schematisierte Tandemwalzstraße in (geschnittener) Draufsicht,
Figur 5
eine schematisch dargestellte Gieß-Walz-Verbundanlage,
Figur 6
ein Walzkraft-Gerüstabstands-Diagramm, und
Figur 7
eine Walzgerüstausführung mit Schlingenheber, in einem schematischem Längsschnitt.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. It shows their
FIG. 1
a cold rolling tandem mill in schematic perspective view,
FIG. 2
a schematized hot rolling mill in perspective view,
FIG. 3
a twin drive of a roll stand in a schematic cross-sectional view,
FIG. 4
a schematic tandem rolling mill in (cut) plan view,
FIG. 5
a schematically illustrated cast-rolling composite plant,
FIG. 6
a rolling force stand distance diagram, and
FIG. 7
a rolling mill version with looper, in a schematic longitudinal section.

Eine Tandemkaltwalzstraße 2, wie sie Figur 1 zeigt, dient dem Herunterwalzen von Warmband 4 auf die vom Kunden gewünschte Dicke. Zu diesem Zweck wird das zu einem Coil aufgerollte Warmband 4 der Tandemkaltwalzstraße 2 mit Hilfe einer Abhaspel 6 in einer Walzrichtung W zugeführt. Die Dicke des Warmbandes 4 wird zunächst mit Hilfe eines Messgerätes 8 bestimmt, anschließend wird das Band in mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Walzstichen mit Hilfe von Walzgerüsten 10 auf die gewünschte Dicke heruntergewalzt. Jedes der Walzgerüste 10 weist zumindest zwei Arbeitswalzen 12 und zwei Stützwalzen 14 auf, wobei das Walzgut, in diesem Fall das Warmband 4, zwischen den Arbeitswalzen 12 bearbeitet wird. Am Ende des Walzvorgangs wird das Band mit Hilfe einer Aufhaspel 16 erneut zu einem Coil aufgerollt. Zur Trennung des Bandes quer zur Walzrichtung W steht eine Querteilschere 18 zur Verfügung. Die Aufhaspel 16 wird von einem HTS-Motor 20 angetrieben. Die Welle des HTS-Motors 20 ist direkt mit der Achse der Aufhaspel 16 verbunden, d.h. es wird kein Getriebe zwischen dem HTS-Motor 20 und der Aufhaspel 16 verwendet. Gleiches trifft für den nicht in Figur 1 dargestellten Antrieb der Abhaspel 6 zu. Die Arbeitswalzen 12 der Walzgerüste 10 sind entweder als Twin-Drives, beispielhaft dargestellt für das in Walzrichtung W zweite Walzgerüst 10, oder unter Verwendung eines Verzweigungsgetriebes, in diesem Fall eines Kammwalzengetriebes 22, wie beispielhaft für das in Walzrichtung W dritte Walzgerüst 10 dargestellt, angetrieben. Bei dem als Twin-Drive ausgeführten Walzgerüst 10 sind beide Arbeitswalzen 12 jeweils direkt mit der Welle eines jeweils gesonderten HTS-Motors 20 (beide mit 20 bezeichnet)verbunden. Es erfolgt also ein direkter Antrieb der Arbeitswalzen 12, wobei auf ein Untersetzungsgetriebe verzichtet wird.A tandem cold rolling mill 2, like her FIG. 1 shows, serves to roll down of hot strip 4 to the customer's desired thickness. For this purpose, the coiled to a hot rolled strip 4 of the tandem cold rolling mill 2 by means of a take-off reel 6 in a rolling direction W is supplied. The thickness of the hot strip 4 is first determined by means of a measuring device 8, then the strip is rolled down in several successive rolling passes by means of rolling stands 10 to the desired thickness. Each of the rolling stands 10 has at least two work rolls 12 and two support rolls 14, wherein the rolling stock, in this case the hot strip 4, is processed between the work rolls 12. At the end of the rolling process, the tape is rewound into a coil by means of a coiler 16. For the separation of the belt transversely to the rolling direction W, a dividing shear 18 is available. The reel 16 is driven by a HTS motor 20. The shaft of the HTS motor 20 is connected directly to the axis of the reel 16, that is, no transmission between the HTS motor 20 and the reel 16 is used. The same does not apply to the FIG. 1 shown drive the uncoiler 6 to. The work rolls 12 of the rolling stands 10 are either as twin drives, exemplified for the second rolling stand 10 in the rolling direction W, or using a branching gear, in this case a pinion gear 22, as exemplified for the third rolling stand 10 in the rolling direction W driven , In the rolling stand 10 designed as a twin-drive, both work rolls 12 are each directly connected to the shaft of a respective separate HTS motor 20 (both denoted by 20). Thus, there is a direct drive of the work rolls 12, being dispensed with a reduction gear.

Alternativ können, wie bei dem in Walzrichtung W folgenden Walzgerüst 10 dargestellt ist, die Arbeitswalzen 12 über das Kammwalzengetriebe 22, welches antriebsseitig wiederum mit einem (hier nur einzigen) HTS-Motor 20 verbunden ist, angetrieben werden.Alternatively, as shown in the following roll stand 10 in the rolling direction W, the work rolls 12 on the pinion gear 22, which on the drive side turn with a (here only single) HTS motor 20 is connected to be driven.

Die Auf- und Abhaspeln 16,6 sowie die Walzgerüste 10 sind mit einer gemeinsamen Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 105 verbunden, auf welche später im Detail eingegangen werden soll.The rewinding and reeling 16.6 and the rolling stands 10 are connected to a common control and / or regulating device 105, which will be discussed in detail later.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Warmwalzstraße 30 mit der vorgewärmte Brammen 32 zu Warmband 4 ausgewalzt werden. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Brammen 32 zunächst in einer Vorstraße 34 und später mit einer aus mehreren (hier: sieben) Walzgerüsten 10 bestehenden Fertigstaffel 36 (Fertigstraße) zu Warmband 4 ausgewalzt. Dieses wird mit Hilfe einer Aufhaspel 16 zu einem Coil aufgerollt. Die einzelnen Walzgerüste 10, die jeweils in zu Figur 1 ähnlicher Ausführung zwei Arbeitswalzen 12 und zwei Stützwalzen 14 aufweisen, sind sowohl in der Vorstrasse 34 als auch in der Fertigstaffel 36 durch HTS-Motoren 20 angetrieben. Gleiches trifft für die Aufhaspel 16 zu. Das gewalzte Band hat eine Breite von 0,6 m bis 1,8 m, typischerweise 0,8 m bis 1,6 m. Die Arbeitswalzen können bis zu 5,5 m breit sein (=entlang Rotationsachse gemessen). FIG. 2 shows a hot rolling mill 30 with the preheated slabs 32 are rolled to hot strip 4. For this purpose, the slabs 32 are first rolled in a roughing train 34 and later with a consisting of several (here: seven) rolling stands 10 finished stagger 36 (finishing mill) to hot strip 4. This is rolled up by means of a reel 16 to form a coil. The individual rolling stands 10, each in to FIG. 1 similar execution two work rolls 12 and two support rollers 14 are driven by HTS motors 20 both in the roughing 34 and in the finishing stack 36. The same applies to the Aufhaspel 16. The rolled strip has a width of 0.6 m to 1.8 m, typically 0.8 m to 1.6 m. The work rolls can be up to 5.5 m wide (= measured along the axis of rotation).

Bei beiden vorgenannten Ausführungsbeispielen sind die HTS-Motoren 20 seitlich bezüglich der Walzrichtung W und seitlich der Walzgerüste angeordnet.In both aforementioned embodiments, the HTS motors 20 are arranged laterally with respect to the rolling direction W and laterally of the rolling stands.

Figur 3 zeigt eine stark schematisierte (Vertikal-) Querschnittsansicht eines Walzgerüstes 10 der Tandemkaltwalzstraße 2 der Figur 1 oder - besonders bevorzugt - der Warmwalzstraße 30 der Figur 2, dessen Arbeitswalzen 12 mit einem Zwillingsantrieb ("Twin-Drive") angetrieben sind. Zu diesem Zweck ist jede der Arbeitswalzen 12 mit ihrer Welle 23 über eine Spindel 24 mit der Motorwelle 25 eines HTS-Motors 20 verbunden. Die Verbindung zwischen der Welle 23 der Arbeitswalze 12 und der Spindel 24 sowie zwischen dieser und der Motorwelle 25 erfolgt jeweils mit Hilfe eines Kardangelenkes oder mittels Wellen mit Klauen. Im Vergleich zu ansonsten bei Twin-Drives eingesetzten konventionellen Elektromotoren weisen die in Figur 3 gezeigten HTS-Motoren 20 eine geringe Bauhöhe H auf. Dies führt dazu, dass der Abstand A der Motorwellen 25 kleiner als bei konventionellen Antrieben ist und somit die Spindelsteigung α gering ausfällt. Unter der Spindelsteigung α ist der Winkel zwischen der Spindel 24 und der Verlängerung der Welle 23 der Arbeitswalze 12 zu verstehen. Die Spindelsteigung α ergibt sich aus dem Versatz zwischen der Welle 23 der Arbeitswalze 12 und der Motorwelle 25, der von der Spindel 24 überbrückt wird. Vorzugsweise ist die Spindelsteigung α < 3°, z.B. 1,5° - 2,5°. FIG. 3 shows a highly schematic (vertical) cross-sectional view of a rolling stand 10 of the tandem cold rolling line 2 of FIG. 1 or, more preferably, the hot rolling mill 30 of FIG. 2 , whose work rolls 12 are driven by a twin drive ("Twin Drive"). For this purpose, each of the work rolls 12 is connected with its shaft 23 via a spindle 24 to the motor shaft 25 of an HTS motor 20. The connection between the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 and the spindle 24 and between this and the motor shaft 25 takes place in each case by means of a universal joint or by means of waves with claws. Compared to conventional electric motors otherwise used in twin drives in the FIG. 3 shown HTS motors 20 a low height H on. This results in that the distance A of the motor shafts 25 is smaller than in conventional drives and thus the spindle pitch α is low. Under the spindle pitch α is the angle between the spindle 24 and the extension of the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 to understand. The spindle pitch α results from the offset between the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 and the motor shaft 25, which is bridged by the spindle 24. Preferably, the spindle pitch α <3 °, for example, 1.5 ° - 2.5 °.

Die HTS-Motoren 20 weisen ein gemeinsames Kühlsystem 26 auf, mit dem ihre supraleitenden Wicklungen gekühlt werden. Bei dem Kühlsystem 26 handelt es sich um ein allgemein aus der Kryotechnik bekanntes, isoliertes Rohrsystem, in welchem ein Kältemittel zirkuliert und in welches eine Kälteeinheit 28 integriert ist. Diese umfasst üblicherweise einen Vorratsbehälter für das Kältemittel, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um flüssiges Helium, Neon, Stickstoff oder ein Gemisch dieser Gase handelt. Die Kälteeinheit 28 umfasst außerdem einen Kompressor oder einen Kaltkopf zur Verflüssigung des Kühlmittels. Die Zirkulation des Kühlmittels in dem Kühlsystem 26 kann mit Hilfe einer Pumpe erfolgen oder durch einen Thermosiphoneffekt getrieben sein.The HTS motors 20 have a common cooling system 26, with which their superconducting windings are cooled. The cooling system 26 is an insulated pipe system generally known from cryotechnology, in which a refrigerant circulates and in which a refrigeration unit 28 is integrated. This usually includes a reservoir for the refrigerant, which is, for example, liquid helium, neon, nitrogen or a mixture of these gases. The refrigeration unit 28 also includes a compressor or a cold head for liquefying the coolant. The circulation of the coolant in the cooling system 26 may be by means of a pump or driven by a thermosiphon effect.

Figur 4 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung von vier Walzgerüsten 10 einer in Tandem-Anordnung ausgeführten Warmbandfertigstraße eines Warmwalzwerks, wie es beispielsweise Figur 2 als Fertigstaffel 36 des Warmwalzstraße 30 zeigt, in Drauf(quer)sicht. Die Walzgerüste 10 sind unter Verzicht von weiteren Aggregaten, wie beispielsweise Induktionsheizungen oder Entzunderungsanlagen in Walzrichtung W unmittelbar nebeneinander angeordnet, was durch die kompakte Baugröße ihrer zum Antrieb verwendeten HTS-Motoren 20 möglich ist. Die Walzgerüste 10 können dabei einen Abstand B voneinander erreichen, der bei herkömmlich angetriebenen Walzgerüsten 10 nicht zu erreichen ist. Als Abstand B wird dabei die Entfernung der Drehachsen D der Arbeitswalzen 12 in Walzrichtung W definiert. FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of four rolling stands 10 of a running in tandem assembly hot strip finishing line of a hot rolling mill, as for example FIG. 2 as Fertigstaffel 36 of the hot rolling mill 30 shows, in plan (cross) view. The rolling stands 10 are waiving other units, such as induction heaters or Entzunderungsanlagen in the rolling direction W immediately adjacent to each other, which is possible due to the compact size of their used for driving HTS motors 20. The rolling stands 10 can thereby reach a distance B from one another, which can not be achieved with conventionally driven rolling stands 10. As distance B while the removal of Rotary axes D of the work rolls 12 defined in the rolling direction W.

Die Arbeitswalzen 12 werden von den HTS-Motoren 20 direkt angetrieben, d.h. die Welle 23 der Arbeitswalze 12 und die Motorwelle 25 der HTS-Motoren 20 bilden ein gemeinsames Bauteil. Die HTS-Motoren 20 der unmittelbar nebeneinander angeordneten Walzgerüste 10 weisen ein gemeinsames Kühlsystem 26 mit einer integrierten Kälteeinheit 28 auf.The work rolls 12 are driven directly by the HTS motors 20, i. the shaft 23 of the work roll 12 and the motor shaft 25 of the HTS motors 20 form a common component. The HTS motors 20 of the rolling stands 10 arranged directly next to one another have a common cooling system 26 with an integrated refrigeration unit 28.

Infolge der kompakteren Ausführung und engeren Bauweise sind die Wärmeverluste erheblich verringert. Dies kann in einem für die Walzstraße in einem übergeordneten (nicht explizit gezeichneten) Leitsystem ablaufenden Kühlmodell zur Beeinflussung der metallurgischen Veränderungen im Walzgut während des Walzens vorteilhaft berücksichtigt werden.Due to the more compact design and narrower design, the heat losses are significantly reduced. This can be advantageously taken into account in a cooling model running for the rolling train in a superordinate (not explicitly drawn) control system for influencing the metallurgical changes in the rolling stock during rolling.

Figur 5 zeigt eine Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage 40 mit endloser Bandproduktion, in welcher ausgehend von einer Gießplattform 42 in einer Dünnbrammengießeinrichtung 44 kontinuierlich Dünnbrammen erzeugt werden, welche über einen Rollgang 45 kontinuierlich, d.h. ohne Zerschneiden, Aufwickeln und Zwischenlagerung, einer ersten Walzstraße 46 ("High Reduction Mill") zugeführt werden. Die Motoren dieser Walzstraße 46 sind als HTS-Motoren ausgebildet. Gleiches gilt für die Antriebe der nachfolgenden optionalen Einrichtung 48 zum Zerteilen und/ oder Ausfördern, welche eine Pendelschere und einen "plate pusher" umfassen kann. Diese Einrichtung 48 ist insbesondere bei in Fertigungsrichtung nachfolgenden Betriebsstörungen bedeutsam. Auch eine optionale Schopfschere kann einen HTS-Antrieb aufweisen. FIG. 5 shows a continuous casting belt-rolling plant 40 in which from a casting platform 42 in a Dünnbrammengießeinrichtung 44 continuously thin slabs are produced, which via a roller table 45 continuously, ie without cutting, winding and intermediate storage, a first rolling mill 46 ( "High Reduction Mill") are supplied. The motors of this rolling train 46 are designed as HTS motors. The same applies to the drives of the following optional device 48 for cutting and / or conveying, which may comprise a pendulum scissors and a "plate pusher". This device 48 is significant in particular in case of subsequent malfunctions in the direction of production. An optional crop shear can also have an HTS drive.

Es folgen eine Heizeinrichtung 52, eine Entzunderungseinrichtung 54, eine zweite Walzstraße 56 ("Finishing Mill"), eine Kühlstrecke 58, eine Endschere 60 zum Schneiden auf gewünschte Produktlänge sowie eine Aufwickelvorrichtung 62 für das fertige Produkt ("coil"). Die Antriebe der Walzen der zweiten Walzstraße 56 sind als HTS-Motoren ausgeführt, was ebenso wie bei den Walzen der ersten Walzstraße 46 besondere Platzvorteile mit sich bringt.This is followed by a heating device 52, a descaling device 54, a second finishing mill 56 ("finishing mill"), a cooling section 58, an end shear 60 for cutting to desired product length and a windup device 62 for the finished product ("coil"). The drives of the rollers of the second rolling train 56 are designed as HTS engines, which just as in the rolls of the first rolling mill 46 brings special space advantages.

Durch die entsprechend kompakte und kurze Bauweise kann auf Einrichtungen zur Zufuhr zusätzlicher Wärme (z.B. "bar heater"), um ein unerwünschtes frühzeitiges Auskühlen des Bandes zu vermeiden, entweder ganz verzichtet werden oder die entsprechenden Einrichtungen werden kleiner dimensioniert als ohne Einsatz von HTS-Motoren. In der Figur 5 ist beispielhaft ein Induktionsofen als Heizeinrichtung 54 dargestellt, dessen Heizleistung P - bei gleichem Massendurchsatz - kleiner gewählt ist als mit konventionellen Elektromotoren. Bei einem Massendurchsatz m von 180 Tonnen Stahl pro Stunde (t/h) beträgt seine Heizleistung P = 25 Megawatt (MW), vorzugsweise nur 23 MW oder nur 19 MW.Due to the correspondingly compact and short design can be on means for supplying additional heat (eg "bar heater") to avoid unwanted premature cooling of the belt, either completely omitted or the corresponding devices are smaller in size than without the use of HTS motors , In the FIG. 5 For example, an induction furnace is shown as a heater 54, the heating power P - is chosen smaller - with the same mass flow rate - than with conventional electric motors. With a mass flow rate m of 180 tons of steel per hour (t / h), its heating power P = 25 megawatts (MW), preferably only 23 MW or only 19 MW.

Die Erfindung hat nicht nur Auswirkungen auf die Dimensionierung einer Walzanlage, sondern auch auf die Ansteuerung der Anlage und ihrer Komponenten. Daher ist eine Steuer- und/ oder Regeleinrichtung 105 (Figuren 1, 2, 5) der Walzstrasse 2, 30, 46 bzw. 56 bzw. der Gieß-Walz-Verbund-Anlage 40 zur Steuerung einer Heizeinrichtung 52, einer Fertigstaffel 56, einer Kühlstrecke 58 und/ oder einer Geschwindigkeit der Walzstrasse, derart ausgebildet, dass ein infolge der verwendeten supraleitenden Elektromotoren gegenüber einer Verwendung konventioneller Motoren reduzierter Wärmeverlust berücksichtigt ist.The invention has not only effects on the dimensioning of a rolling mill, but also on the control of the system and its components. Therefore, a control and / or regulating device 105 (FIG. FIGS. 1 . 2 . 5 ) of the rolling train 2, 30, 46 and 56 or the cast-rolling composite plant 40 for controlling a heater 52, a finished relay 56, a cooling section 58 and / or a speed of the rolling train, designed such that a result of used superconducting electric motors compared with the use of conventional motors reduced heat loss is taken into account.

Figur 6 zeigt im schraffierten Bereich 100 die erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte Auslegung von Walzstrassen, zum Beispiel von Fertigstrassen eines Warmbreitwalzwerks, wobei der Abstand B in Walzrichtung zweier Walzgerüste nach oben und die von den Walzgerüsten maximal erzeugbare Walzkraft F nach rechts angegeben ist. "Kleinanlagen" mit einer maximalen Walzkraft von weniger als 1000 t (metrische Tonnen) werden im Beispiel nicht betrachtet. Der Gerüstabstand B ist erfindungsgemäß auch bei sehr großen Walzkräften kleiner als 5 m (Linie 101). Die Gerade 102 verdeutlicht die Erkenntnis, dass mit zunehmender Walzkraft immer mehr Platz für die Antriebssysteme und Motoren benötigt wird, weil diese gegen zunehmende Kräfte im Walzspalt arbeiten müssen, so dass letztlich der Gerüstabstand steigt. FIG. 6 shows in the hatched area 100, the preferred design according to the invention of rolling trains, for example, finishing lines of a hot strip mill, the distance B in the rolling direction of two rolling stands up and the maximum of the rolling stands producible rolling force F is given to the right. "Small plants" with a maximum rolling force of less than 1000 t (metric tons) are not considered in the example. The stand spacing B according to the invention is smaller than 5 m even with very large rolling forces (line 101). The straight line 102 clarifies the realization that with increasing Walzkraft more and more space for the drive systems and motors is needed because they have to work against increasing forces in the nip, so that ultimately increases the distance from the framework.

Die Gerade 102 kann beschrieben werden durch folgende Gleichung: Bmax = a + F · b , wobei a = 2 m, b = 1 m/1000 t oder a = 2,5 m, b = 1 m/2000 t oder a = 0 m, b = 1 m/500 t The straight line 102 can be described by the following equation: B max = a + F * b, in which a = 2 m, b = 1 m / 1000 t or a = 2.5 m, b = 1 m / 2000 t or a = 0 m, b = 1 m / 500 t

Erfindungsgemäß, d.h. bei Verwendung eines oder mehrerer HTS-Motoren, wird für eine bestimmte von dem Walzgerüst aufzubringende Walzkraft F der Abstand B der Walzgerüste kleiner gewählt als sich der aus der Formel ergebende Wert für Bmax: B = Bmax - c , wobei c = 0,4 m, 0,6 m, 0,8 m, 1,0 m, 1,2 m oder 1,4 m. According to the invention, ie when using one or more HTS motors, for a certain rolling force F to be applied by the rolling stand, the distance B of the rolling stands is chosen to be smaller than the value for Bmax resulting from the formula: B = B max - c, in which c = 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m or 1.4m.

Figur 7 zeigt eine optionale Ausführung zur weiteren Verminderung des Gerüstabstandes B, bei welcher zwischen zwei Walzgerüsten 10 ein Schlingenheber 110 als Transporteinrichtung vorhanden ist. Ein Stellzylinder 112 führt im Wesentlichen nur eine Vertikal- oder Auf- und Abwärtsbewegung zur Stützung des Bandes 4 aus und benötigt damit sehr wenig Bauraum. FIG. 7 shows an optional design for further reduction of the stand spacing B, in which between two rolling stands 10 a loop lifter 110 is present as a transport device. An actuating cylinder 112 performs essentially only a vertical or up and down movement to support the belt 4 and thus requires very little space.

Claims (11)

  1. Rolling mill train (2; 30; 56), especially a hot rolling mill train, hot wide strip rolling mill train and/or finishing train of a hot rolling mill, for processing rolling stock (4, 32), especially consisting of steel, aluminum, copper or titanium,
    - with a plurality of rolling stands (10) immediately adjacent to one another in a rolling direction (W),
    - wherein the rolling stands (10) each have at least two working rolls (12) between which the rolling stock (4, 32) is able to be processed,
    - comprising a number of electric motors (20) with superconducting windings arranged to the side next to the rolling stands (10),
    - wherein, for at least three or at least four of the rolling stands (10), at least one of the working rolls (12) in each case is connected to the shaft (25) of one of the electric motors (20).
  2. Rolling mill train (2; 30; 56) according to claim 1, in which at least one of the working rolls (12) has no gearing or is connected to the shaft (25) of one of the electric motors (20) by gearing reduced in size by comparison with a conventional electric drive.
  3. Rolling mill train (2; 30; 56) according to claim 1, wherein two of the working rolls (12) are mechanically coupled via a branching transmission (22), wherein the branching transmission (22) is connected on the drive side to the shaft (25) of one of the electric motors (20).
  4. Rolling mill train (2; 30; 56) according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the electric motors (20), especially the electric motors (20) of neighbouring rolling stands (10), have a common cooling system (26).
  5. Rolling mill train (2; 30; 56) according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which at least two of the rolling stands (10) are designed for maximum rolling force F of more than 1500 t, especially of more than 3000 t or more than 4000 t, and are at a distance B from one another of less than 5.0 m, preferably less than 4.5 m or less than 4.0 m.
  6. Rolling mill train (2; 30; 56) according to one of claims 1 to 5, with an open-loop and/or closed-loop control device (105), especially for controlling a heating device (52), a finishing section, a cooling section (58) and/or a speed of the rolling mill train, being embodied such that a reduced heat loss of the rolling stock (4; 32) as a result of the superconducting electric motors (20) used compared to a use of conventional motors is taken into account.
  7. Rolling mill train (2; 30; 56) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a transport device is present between the rolling stands (10) which is embodied as a vertical looper (110).
  8. Combined casting and rolling station (40) for continuous production of hot strip (4) with a rolling mill train (2, 30; 56) - arranged downstream from a caster (44) - according to one of claims 1 to 7.
  9. Combined casting and rolling station (40) according to claim 8 without heating device (54) for heating the strip cast by the caster (44).
  10. Combined casting and rolling station (40) according to claim 8, with a heating device (54) arranged before or after the rolling mill train (46) for heating the strip cast by the caster (44), with the heating device (54), as regards its heat output (P), being configured to take into account a reduced heat loss in the rolling stock (4; 32) or strip as a result of the electric motors (20) used.
  11. Method for operating a combined casting and rolling station (40) according to claim 10, with rolling stock - preferably made of steel - being transmitted with a mass throughput ṁ through the rolling mill train (56) and with the heating device (54) able to be operated with a heat output P in accordance with: P < k m ˙
    Figure imgb0003

    wherein the following applies for the factor k: k = 0.14 (MW·h/t), especially k = 0.13·MW·h/t, k = 0.12·MW·h/t or k = 0.11·MW·h/t.
EP10724421.2A 2009-06-04 2010-05-31 Energy-saving rolling mill train and energy-saving process for operating a combined casting and rolling station Not-in-force EP2437900B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10724421.2A EP2437900B1 (en) 2009-06-04 2010-05-31 Energy-saving rolling mill train and energy-saving process for operating a combined casting and rolling station

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09161954A EP2258491A1 (en) 2009-06-04 2009-06-04 Rotation tool for a mill train and method for operating a casting-roller compound assembly
PCT/EP2010/057524 WO2010139659A1 (en) 2009-06-04 2010-05-31 Energy-saving rolling mill train and energy-saving process for operating a combined casting and rolling station
EP10724421.2A EP2437900B1 (en) 2009-06-04 2010-05-31 Energy-saving rolling mill train and energy-saving process for operating a combined casting and rolling station

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EP2437900A1 EP2437900A1 (en) 2012-04-11
EP2437900B1 true EP2437900B1 (en) 2014-06-25

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EP10724421.2A Not-in-force EP2437900B1 (en) 2009-06-04 2010-05-31 Energy-saving rolling mill train and energy-saving process for operating a combined casting and rolling station

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US (1) US9174255B2 (en)
EP (2) EP2258491A1 (en)
CN (1) CN102802825B (en)
BR (1) BRPI1010788A2 (en)
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WO (1) WO2010139659A1 (en)

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CN102802825B (en) 2015-02-04
RU2011153722A (en) 2013-07-20
BRPI1010788A2 (en) 2016-03-29
WO2010139659A1 (en) 2010-12-09
US9174255B2 (en) 2015-11-03
CN102802825A (en) 2012-11-28
EP2437900A1 (en) 2012-04-11
US20120073345A1 (en) 2012-03-29
EP2258491A8 (en) 2011-03-16
EP2258491A1 (en) 2010-12-08

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