EP2431657A2 - Reflector module of a motor vehicle headlamp - Google Patents
Reflector module of a motor vehicle headlamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2431657A2 EP2431657A2 EP11179902A EP11179902A EP2431657A2 EP 2431657 A2 EP2431657 A2 EP 2431657A2 EP 11179902 A EP11179902 A EP 11179902A EP 11179902 A EP11179902 A EP 11179902A EP 2431657 A2 EP2431657 A2 EP 2431657A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor light
- light source
- light
- reflection module
- reflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
- F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/19—Attachment of light sources or lamp holders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
- F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
- F21S41/321—Optical layout thereof the reflector being a surface of revolution or a planar surface, e.g. truncated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a reflection module of a motor vehicle headlight.
- the reflection module comprises at least one semiconductor light source for emitting electromagnetic radiation, and at least one reflector for bundling and reflecting at least a part of the emitted electromagnetic radiation to produce a desired radiation distribution on a roadway in front of the motor vehicle, wherein at least one first semiconductor light source on a first region of the reflector directed main emission has.
- Headlamps are beside lights a part of the lighting equipment. Headlamps are arranged in the front area of a vehicle and serve in addition to the traffic safety by visualizing the vehicle for other road users in particular the illumination of the road ahead of the vehicle, eg in shape a low beam, high beam or fog light distribution as well as in the form of adaptable to certain environmental and / or driving situations light distributions, such as. Bending light, cornering light, bad weather light, city lights, country road, motorway light, etc., each for the driver's view to improve. Headlamps comprise at least one light source in the form of an incandescent lamp, gas discharge lamp or semiconductor light source.
- Semiconductor light sources can also emit infrared radiation invisible to the human eye, for example for a night vision system.
- the headlamps operate, for example, according to a reflection principle as a so-called reflection module, whereby light emitted by the light source is reflected by a reflector onto the roadway in front of the vehicle to produce a desired light distribution.
- the reflector is ellipsoidal or formed in an ellipsoid shape modified freeform; he can be faceted to it.
- the headlights can also work according to a projection principle as a so-called projection module, light emitted by the light source after bundling by primary optics, for example in the form of a reflector and / or a so-called intent optical system, to produce a desired light distribution by secondary optics, eg in the form of a projection or condenser lens, is projected onto the roadway in front of the vehicle.
- a projection module light emitted by the light source after bundling by primary optics, for example in the form of a reflector and / or a so-called intent optical system, to produce a desired light distribution by secondary optics, eg in the form of a projection or condenser lens, is projected onto the roadway in front of the vehicle.
- Headlamps comprise a housing, wherein the housing is closed in a light exit opening by a transparent cover glass or plastic.
- the cover plate can be designed as a clear pane without optically active profiles (eg prisms) or at least partially with optically effective profiles (so-called diffusion plate).
- At least one light module is arranged in the housing for generating one or more desired light distributions.
- a specific light distribution can be generated by a single light module, but it can also be generated by superposition of the partial light distributions generated by a plurality of light modules. This is the case with headlamps which are equipped with semiconductor light sources.
- a low beam may be generated from a basic light distribution and a superimposed spotlight distribution, e.g. the basic light distribution produces a wide illumination in front of the vehicle with a flat, horizontal bright-dark boundary.
- the spot light distribution generates an increasing part of an asymmetric light-dark border on the own traffic side as well as a stronger illumination in the middle of the road, so that the legal requirements can be met better.
- a further light module which illuminates a region of the light distribution above the bright-dark boundary, the low-beam light distribution thus produced can be supplemented to form a high-beam distribution illuminating the entire roadway.
- Lighting devices with semiconductor light sources can therefore, due to the superimposition of different partial light distributions generated in the illumination device, have a modular construction, wherein each partial light distribution can be generated by a separate light module.
- This has the disadvantage, in particular in the case of headlamps, that a large number of light modules must be arranged in the headlight or in the front region of the vehicle in order to produce a complete range of legally required light distributions.
- This requires a lot Space in the already over-burdened by many other technical facilities front of the vehicle. Desired light functions, especially in the upper vehicle class, for example, to certain ambient and / or driving situations customizable light distributions (eg cornering, cornering, bad weather, city lights, country road, motorway lights) exacerbate the situation.
- the object of the invention is therefore to reduce the number of equipped with semiconductor light sources light modules, in particular reflection modules, in the headlight and thereby to allow the generation of different light distributions by a single light module.
- the reflection module comprises at least one further semiconductor light source which has a main emission direction directed at a second region of the reflector arranged offset relative to the first region.
- the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source radiate at least with their main emission direction on different regions of the reflector.
- the different regions of the reflector can produce different distributions of electromagnetic radiation on the road ahead of the vehicle.
- the invention is based on the idea of providing an arrangement of the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source such that the respective semiconductor light sources achieve such areas of the reflector at least with their main emission direction that at least two different distributions of electromagnetic radiation on the Lane in front of the vehicle by the reflection of the emitted from the semiconductor light sources electromagnetic radiation can be generated at the reflector.
- Semiconductor light sources for example light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can emit visible light to the human eye. However, it may also be infrared radiation, for example, for a night vision system of the vehicle.
- LEDs light-emitting diodes
- each illuminated area of a reflection surface of the reflection module according to the invention generates a defined light distribution, e.g. the at least one first semiconductor light source is a dimmed light distribution and the at least one further semiconductor light source is a high beam distribution.
- the design and shape of the reflector has an influence on the generated light distribution. Further information will follow later.
- a combinable generation, for example, of a low-beam distribution and a high-beam distribution in a reflector of a single reflection module equipped with semiconductor light sources is therefore entirely possible.
- any other combinations of light distributions are also possible and can be easily realized in the reflection module.
- the reflection module according to the invention therefore, the generation of at least two light distributions can be combined. This allows a significantly reduced number of reflection modules in the headlight. This makes the entire headlight more compact and lighter and cheaper to manufacture.
- the reflection module according to the invention thus requires little space in the headlight, whereby the entire headlight can also be made compact and thus takes up little space in the front of the vehicle.
- the Combining several light distributions in a single reflection module also leads to a reduction of the necessary light emission surface of the headlamp, which offers an extended free space for a design of the headlamp or the outer front region of the vehicle.
- the at least one first semiconductor light source is disposed on a first support surface within the reflection module and the another semiconductor light source on a second support surface within the reflection module, wherein the extension planes of the support surfaces define an angle not equal to 180 °.
- the first bearing surface extends substantially horizontally and parallel to the direction of travel.
- the second bearing surface is inclined relative to the first, viewed in the direction of travel, to the rear, so that the main emission of the at least one further semiconductor light source has a counter to the direction of travel component.
- the reflection surface of the reflector can begin at the second support surface and then initially extend over the second support surface and in the further course over the first support surface in a curved shape.
- a mutually offset positioning of the semiconductor light sources arranged thereon is produced in the reflector of the reflection module.
- the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source reach different regions of the reflector at least with their main emission direction.
- the angled arrangement of the bearing surfaces relative to each other still support this effect.
- the aim is that arranged on the support surfaces semiconductor light sources substantially completely separate reflecting surfaces of the reflector reach.
- possibly occurring unused areas on the reflection surface should be largely avoided. Minor overlaps can be tolerated.
- the semiconductor light sources of a bearing surface are separately controllable in operation, so that the respective light distribution on and off, but also in their light intensity changeable, that is dimmable. It is therefore a purely electrical switching; On mechanical processes, such as are required. For example, in gas discharge lamps with a movement of the gas discharge lamp or the reflector can be advantageously dispensed with.
- the reflection module according to the invention is extended by a secondary optics, for example.
- a secondary optics for example.
- the arrangement of the support surfaces and the shape of the reflector must then be adjusted according to the optical conditions in a projection module.
- the at least one first semiconductor light source and the at least one further semiconductor light source are designed and arranged such that the semiconductor light sources emit in the main emission direction with the same opening angle and that the angle between the first support surface and the second support surface, viewed in a side view, corresponds to half the opening angle emitted by the semiconductor light sources in the main emission electromagnetic radiation.
- the inclination of the second bearing surface relative to the first bearing surface is designed to be particularly advantageous, so that the at least one first semiconductor light source can comfortably utilize the first region of the reflection surface.
- the at least one further semiconductor light source radiates through the horizontal position of its support surface substantially in the vertical direction (due to the scattering at least with a pronounced vertical component) and thus essentially utilizes the second region of the reflection surface, which is arranged at the free end of the reflection surface.
- the reflector is designed such that each subregion of the reflection surface generates a defined but different light distribution on the roadway.
- light radiating onto the first subregion of the reflection surface with the correspondingly formed reflector shape can produce a low beam basic distribution with a substantially horizontal light-dark boundary, the second subregion of the reflection surface being designed such that the light distribution on the roadway complements a high beam which illuminates the entire roadway to the horizon.
- the first Part of the reflection surface is a complete high beam distribution is generated on the road and the second portion of the reflection surface of infrared emitting semiconductor light sources, eg. For a night vision system, is illuminated.
- the first support surface is substantially vertical and inclined relative to a vertical center plane to the side and relative to this second support surface mirror image arranged inclined to the other side, so that the main emission of the at least one first semiconductor light source and the at least one further semiconductor light source, the center plane, lateral reflection portions of the reflector is directed.
- a light distribution on the roadway can be generated, which preferably illuminates areas adjacent to the usual light distributions side of the vehicle. This may be, for example, a city light with an additional partial illumination of a walkway. The realization of a static cornering light is possible.
- one side of the reflector generates a low-beam basic distribution with a substantially horizontal light-dark boundary and the second side generates the rising part of the bright-dark border on the driver's side and a stronger illumination in the middle of the road, so that both partial light distributions overlay to the resulting low beam.
- This can advantageously be dispensed with the usual spotlight.
- the reflection module according to the invention are in principle many further integrable combinations of Light functions conceivable, for example, a narrow basic light combined with a broad base light, which is then activated for different driving situations, such as city lights, country road, motorway lights, etc. For the corresponding light distribution then only the luminosity must be adjusted accordingly. These combinations lead to a space saving, but also to an energy saving with constant or even increased light performance through adapted light distribution.
- the reflector has a free form. Any light distribution generated by lighting equipment must comply with legal requirements, such as the ECE regulations of the Economic Commission for Europe, as they are relevant to the issue of a respective national type-approval.
- the ECE Directive R1 defines standards for vehicle headlights.
- the design of the light distribution is part of this directive.
- the reflector of the reflection module according to the invention must be designed such that the light distribution generated in each case in the reflection module complies with the ECE guidelines.
- the arrangement of the bearing surfaces in the reflection module is the basis for generating the corresponding light distribution. Based on this, the shape of the reflector, in particular the reflection surface, must design the required light distribution.
- the free form of the reflector, or the reflection surface offers a large play or free space in the design of the reflection surface.
- the desired shape of the reflection surface one can, for example. From a mathematically easily definable form of Reflection surface (eg parabola, hyperbola, ellipse, etc) go out and then using a computer simulation or calculation to change the reflection surface so that the reflector produces exactly the desired light distribution.
- a mathematically easily definable form of Reflection surface eg parabola, hyperbola, ellipse, etc
- Optic arrays are functional groups of a plurality of semiconductor light sources, which are usually arranged together on a carrier element or a printed circuit board. All semiconductor light sources of an optical array are generally driven together, the individual semiconductor light sources can be controlled individually if required.
- an optical array with at least one semiconductor light source can preferably be arranged on each support surface.
- the reflection module For the individual combinable functions integrated in the reflection module, it is fundamental to essentially separate the reflection surfaces illuminated by the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source, wherein a slight overlap is possible without disturbing the light distribution.
- This can be realized with two possibilities: on the one hand, between the at least one first semiconductor light source and the at least one further semiconductor light source be provided at least one aperture which delimits the emitted electromagnetic radiation of the respective semiconductor light sources mutually.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by at least one of the semiconductor light sources may be arranged with an optical attachment which consists of an optically transparent material.
- the intent optics can, for example, break the light at a light entrance and at a light exit surface. It thus comes to a bundling of light.
- the attachment optics can also reflect the electromagnetic radiation at interfaces of the attachment optics with the environment even after coupling the electromagnetic radiation into the attachment optics by total reflection and thus bundle it. This means that electromagnetic radiation emitted by the semiconductor light source is bundled in the attachment optics such that the radiation of the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source does not substantially overlap on the reflection surface.
- FIG. 1 shows an inventive light module of a motor vehicle headlight, which is designed as a reflection module 10, in a first embodiment in a longitudinal section.
- the reflection module 10 comprises in FIG. 1 for example, two light sources 16 and 17 for emitting electromagnetic radiation, for example, visible to the human eye light.
- the light sources are designed as semiconductor light sources, preferably as light-emitting diodes 16 and 17.
- the light emitted by the light-emitting diodes 16 and 17 is concentrated by an optical system which, in the illustrated embodiment, is designed as a reflector 12.
- the reflector 12 reflects light to produce a desired light distribution on the road ahead of the vehicle.
- the reflector 12 is formed in a free form.
- FIG. 1 shows an inventive light module of a motor vehicle headlight, which is designed as a reflection module 10, in a first embodiment in a longitudinal section.
- the reflection module 10 comprises in FIG. 1 for example, two light sources 16 and 17 for emitting electromagnetic radiation, for example, visible to the human eye light.
- a base 14 is arranged, which may be formed for example as a heat sink.
- the base 14 has on its surface facing the reflector 12 on a first support surface 20, on the plane of extension of a support member 18 is arranged with the light emitting diode 16.
- the base 14 has a second bearing surface 22, on the plane of extension thereof further support member 18 is arranged with the light emitting diode 17.
- more than one light emitting diode 16 or 17 may be arranged on the bearing surfaces 20 and 22.
- the support surface 20 and the support surface 22 are arranged at an angle not equal to 180 ° relative to each other on the base 14, wherein the support surface 22 is aligned substantially horizontally in the reflection module 10.
- Optics arrays are functional groups of a plurality of light emitting diodes, which are usually arranged in a targeted manner on a carrier element or a printed circuit board. All light-emitting diodes of an optical array are generally driven to operate together, the individual LEDs can of course also be controlled individually if necessary. Changing the light intensity, ie dimming, is also possible.
- In the reflection module 10 may preferably be arranged on each support surface 20 or 22 preferably an optical array. Of course, it is also possible to arrange a plurality of mutually separate optical arrays on each support surface 20, 22.
- the light beam emitted by the LEDs 16 and 17 in the main emission direction has an aperture angle ⁇ .
- This is preferably the same size for both light-emitting diodes 16 and 17. Due to the different arrangement of the light emitting diodes 16 and 17 on the two relatively angled bearing surfaces 20 and 22 while the light emitting diode 16 irradiates a portion 26 of a reflection surface 24 of the reflector 12, the light emitting diode 17 emits a Subarea 28 of the reflection surface 24 at.
- the angle between the support surface 20 and a horizontal preferably corresponds to half the opening angle ⁇ of the main emission of the light emitting diodes 16 and 17.
- the angle of the support surface 20 to the horizontal of half Opening angle ⁇ may differ. How out FIG. 1 it can be seen, the two subregions 26 and 28 directly adjoin one another. In this case, these two reflector portions 26, 28 continuously merge into each other, but also have an edge or a jump to each other.
- the reflection module 10 operates as follows: Due to the differently extending planes of extension of the two support surfaces 20 and 22 for the light emitting diodes 16 and 17 creates a staggered and angled positioning of the associated light emitting diodes 16 and 17, the two reflecting portions 26 and 28 of the main Reflection surface 24 on the reflector 12 form.
- the two subregions 26 and 28 of the reflector 12 are designed in such a way that the light beams reflected by the subregions 26 and 28 each generate a defined, different light distribution on the roadway in front of the vehicle.
- the two light-emitting diodes 16 and 17 are arranged on the support surface 20 or 22 such that substantially no overlapping of the light radiation emitted by the light-emitting diodes 16 and 17 occurs.
- an additional aperture in FIG. 1 not shown, cf. FIG. 3 ) is arranged between the two bearing surfaces 20 and 22.
- the light radiation the light-emitting diode 16 can generate a dimmed light distribution on the roadway in front of the vehicle via the partial region 26 of the reflection surface 24 and the light radiation of the light-emitting diode 17 can produce, for example, a high-beam distribution on the road ahead of the vehicle via the partial region 28 of the reflection surface 24.
- the high beam distribution can be generated, for example, solely by the light radiation of the light emitting diode 17 via the partial area 28, but it can also be supplemented by a superposition of the two light distributions generated by the partial area 26 and the partial area 28 to a high beam distribution.
- the partial region 26 of the reflection surface 24 is also entirely possible, for example, for the partial region 26 of the reflection surface 24 to produce a low-beam basic distribution with a substantially horizontal light-dark boundary and the partial region 28 of the reflection surface 24 for the rising part of the driver's light-dark boundary and for greater illumination in FIG generates the center of the roadway, so that by overlapping the two light distributions a low beam distribution is generated, as required by law.
- many further integrable combinations of different lighting functions are conceivable in the reflection module 10.
- a narrow basic light combined by overlaying with a broad base light, which is then activated for different driving situations, such as city lights, country road, motorway lights, etc ..
- the generation of cornering light would be possible with the present invention.
- the light emitting diodes 16, 17 activates and generates either static lighting on the right or on the left.
- the luminous intensity that is to say the electrical supply power of the light-emitting diodes 16, 17, can be adapted accordingly.
- a specially adapted shape of the reflection surface 24 in the corresponding subregions 26 and 28 is necessary.
- a mathematically easily definable shape of the reflection surface for example parabola, hyperbola, ellipse, etc.
- a trained reflector 12 is also referred to as free-form reflector.
- FIG. 2 shows the reflection module 10 in a second embodiment in a longitudinal section along the optical axis of the light module 10.
- the light-emitting diodes 16 and 17 are covered by the front optics 30 and therefore in FIG. 2 not visible.
- the attachment optics 30 is arranged in the beam path of the respective light-emitting diode 16 or 17 and is made of an optically transparent material.
- the attachment optics 30 break the light at a light entrance and at a light exit surface. It thus comes to a bundling of light.
- Provision optics can be provided, which bundle the light by total reflection.
- the radiation is reflected at interfaces with the environment and thus bundled.
- the bundling results in the radiation emitted by the light-emitting diode 16 or 17 being limited in its main emission direction in such a way that at least the radiations in the main emission direction of the light-emitting diodes 16 and 17 do not substantially overlap on the reflection surface 24. However, a slight overlap without disturbing the light distribution is possible. Besides, it is off FIG. 2 It can be seen that by the assignment of the attachment optics 30 to the LEDs 16 or 17 allow a closer distance of the two support surfaces 20 and 22 associated light emitting diodes 16 and 17.
- the attachment optics 30 bundle the radiation emitted by the light emitting diodes 16 and 17 in such a way that, in spite of (compared to FIG. 1 ) closer spacing of the light-emitting diodes 16 and 17, or the attachment optics 30 to each other, on the reflector surface 24, a substantially unused small boundary region 32 is formed.
- FIG. 3 shows the reflection module 10 in a third embodiment in a longitudinal section along the optical axis of the light module 10.
- the light emitting diodes 16 and 17 associated at least in sections aperture elements 36, which show substantially to each other.
- the aperture elements 36 serve to limit the opening angle of the main emission direction of the LEDs 16 and 17. This ensures that the respective light beams of the light emitting diode 16 and 17 do not overlap and each Light emitting diode 16 and 17 thus the proposed portion 26 and 28 can be assigned to the reflection surface 24. It thus reaches no stray light in an unallocated portion 26 and 28 respectively.
- FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the reflection module 10 in a cross section.
- the support surface 20 is substantially vertical and inclined relative to a vertical center plane 34 to the side and relative to this, the support surface 22 arranged mirror-inverted to the other side.
- the respective main emission directions of the light emitting diodes 16 and 17, with respect to the center plane 34, are directed to lateral subregions 26 and 28 of the reflector 12 or the reflection surface 24. Since the light-emitting diodes 16 and 17 are associated with additional optics 30 here as well FIG. 3 the light-emitting diodes 16 and 17 covered by the attachment optics 30 and therefore not visible.
- any desired light distribution on the roadway can be generated by a correspondingly adapted shape of the reflector 12 or of the reflection surface 24.
- lateral areas on the roadway in front of the vehicle can preferably be illuminated. This may be, for example, a city light with an additional partial illumination of a walkway. The realization of a static cornering light is possible.
- the usual low-beam or high-beam distributions - possibly by superposition of multiple light distributions - will be realized.
- a complete high beam distribution is generated on the roadway via the subarea 26 and the subarea 28 is illuminated by infrared emitting semiconductor light sources arranged on the bearing surface 22 in order, for example, to operate a night vision system.
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Reflexionsmodul eines Kraftfahrzeugs-Scheinwerfers. Das Reflexionsmodul umfasst mindestens eine Halbleiterlichtquelle zum Aussenden elektromagnetischer Strahlung, und mindestens einen Reflektor zum Bündeln und Reflektieren zumindest eines Teils der ausgesandten elektromagnetischen Strahlung zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Strahlungsverteilung auf einer Fahrbahn vor dem Kraftfahrzeug, wobei mindestens eine erste Halbleiterlichtquelle eine auf einen ersten Bereich des Reflektors gerichtete Hauptabstrahlrichtung aufweist.The invention relates to a reflection module of a motor vehicle headlight. The reflection module comprises at least one semiconductor light source for emitting electromagnetic radiation, and at least one reflector for bundling and reflecting at least a part of the emitted electromagnetic radiation to produce a desired radiation distribution on a roadway in front of the motor vehicle, wherein at least one first semiconductor light source on a first region of the reflector directed main emission has.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedenartige Beleuchtungseinrichtungen für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt. Scheinwerfer sind neben Leuchten ein Teil der Beleuchtungseinrichtungen. Scheinwerfer sind im Frontbereich eines Fahrzeugs angeordnet und dienen neben der Verkehrssicherheit durch eine Sichtbarmachung des Fahrzeugs für andere Verkehrsteilnehmer insbesondere der Ausleuchtung der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug, z.B. in Form einer Abblendlicht-, Fernlicht- oder Nebel-Lichtverteilung sowie in Form von an bestimmte Umgebungs- und/oder Fahrsituationen anpassbaren Lichtverteilungen, wie bspw. Kurvenlicht, Abbiegelicht, Schlechtwetterlicht, Stadtlicht, Landstraßenlicht, Autobahnlicht, etc., jeweils um die Sicht für den Fahrer zu verbessern. Scheinwerfer umfassen mindestens eine Lichtquelle in Form einer Glühlampe, Gasentladungslampe oder Halbleiterlichtquelle. Halbleiterlichtquellen können auch für das menschliche Auge unsichtbare infrarote Strahlung, bspw. für ein Nachtsichtsystem, ausstrahlen. Die Scheinwerfer arbeiten z.B. nach einem Reflexionsprinzip als sog. Reflexionsmodul, wobei von der Lichtquelle ausgesandtes Licht zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung durch einen Reflektor auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug reflektiert wird. Der Reflektor ist ellipsoidförmig oder in einer Ellipsoidform abgewandelten Freiform ausgebildet; er kann dazu noch facettiert sein. Die Scheinwerfer können auch nach einem Projektionsprinzip als sog. Projektionsmodul arbeiten, wobei von der Lichtquelle ausgesandtes Licht nach der Bündelung durch eine Primäroptik, bspw. in Form eines Reflektors und/oder einer sog. Vorsatzoptik, zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung durch eine Sekundäroptik, bspw. in Form einer Projektions- oder Sammellinse, auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug projiziert wird.Various lighting devices for motor vehicles are known from the prior art. Headlamps are beside lights a part of the lighting equipment. Headlamps are arranged in the front area of a vehicle and serve in addition to the traffic safety by visualizing the vehicle for other road users in particular the illumination of the road ahead of the vehicle, eg in shape a low beam, high beam or fog light distribution as well as in the form of adaptable to certain environmental and / or driving situations light distributions, such as. Bending light, cornering light, bad weather light, city lights, country road, motorway light, etc., each for the driver's view to improve. Headlamps comprise at least one light source in the form of an incandescent lamp, gas discharge lamp or semiconductor light source. Semiconductor light sources can also emit infrared radiation invisible to the human eye, for example for a night vision system. The headlamps operate, for example, according to a reflection principle as a so-called reflection module, whereby light emitted by the light source is reflected by a reflector onto the roadway in front of the vehicle to produce a desired light distribution. The reflector is ellipsoidal or formed in an ellipsoid shape modified freeform; he can be faceted to it. The headlights can also work according to a projection principle as a so-called projection module, light emitted by the light source after bundling by primary optics, for example in the form of a reflector and / or a so-called intent optical system, to produce a desired light distribution by secondary optics, eg in the form of a projection or condenser lens, is projected onto the roadway in front of the vehicle.
Scheinwerfer umfassen ein Gehäuse, wobei das Gehäuse in einer Lichtaustrittsöffnung durch eine transparente Abdeckscheibe aus Glas oder Kunststoff verschlossen ist. Die Abdeckscheibe kann als eine klare Scheibe ohne optisch wirksame Profile (z.B. Prismen) oder zumindest bereichsweise mit optisch wirksamen Profilen (sog. Streuscheibe) ausgebildet sein.Headlamps comprise a housing, wherein the housing is closed in a light exit opening by a transparent cover glass or plastic. The cover plate can be designed as a clear pane without optically active profiles (eg prisms) or at least partially with optically effective profiles (so-called diffusion plate).
In dem Gehäuse ist mindestens ein Lichtmodul (Reflexionsmodul und/oder Projektionsmodul) zur Erzeugung einer oder mehrerer gewünschter Lichtverteilungen angeordnet. Eine bestimmte Lichtverteilung kann dabei durch ein einziges Lichtmodul erzeugt werden, sie kann aber auch durch Überlagerung der von mehreren Lichtmodulen erzeugten Teillichtverteilungen erzeugt werden. Dies ist bevorzugt bei Scheinwerfern, die mit Halbleiterlichtquellen bestückt sind, der Fall. Bspw. kann ein Abblendlicht aus einer Grundlichtverteilung und einer überlagerten Spot-Lichtverteilung erzeugt werden, wobei z.B. die Grundlichtverteilung eine breite Ausleuchtung vor dem Fahrzeug mit einer ebenen, horizontalen Hell-Dunkelgrenze erzeugt. Die Spot-Lichtverteilung erzeugt einen ansteigenden Teil einer asymmetrischen Hell-Dunkelgrenze auf der eigenen Verkehrsseite sowie eine stärkere Ausleuchtung in der Fahrbahnmitte, so dass die gesetzlichen Forderungen besser erfüllt werden können. Durch das Zuschalten eines weiteren Lichtmoduls, das einen Bereich der Lichtverteilung oberhalb der Hell-Dunkelgrenze ausleuchtet, kann die so erzeugte Abblendlichtverteilung zu einer die gesamte Fahrbahn ausleuchtenden Fernlichtverteilung ergänzt werden.At least one light module (reflection module and / or projection module) is arranged in the housing for generating one or more desired light distributions. A specific light distribution can be generated by a single light module, but it can also be generated by superposition of the partial light distributions generated by a plurality of light modules. This is the case with headlamps which are equipped with semiconductor light sources. For example. For example, a low beam may be generated from a basic light distribution and a superimposed spotlight distribution, e.g. the basic light distribution produces a wide illumination in front of the vehicle with a flat, horizontal bright-dark boundary. The spot light distribution generates an increasing part of an asymmetric light-dark border on the own traffic side as well as a stronger illumination in the middle of the road, so that the legal requirements can be met better. By connecting a further light module which illuminates a region of the light distribution above the bright-dark boundary, the low-beam light distribution thus produced can be supplemented to form a high-beam distribution illuminating the entire roadway.
Beleuchtungseinrichtungen mit Halbleiterlichtquellen können deswegen, wegen der Überlagerung verschiedener in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung erzeugter Teil-Lichtverteilungen, einen modularen Aufbau aufweisen, wobei jede Teil-Lichtverteilung durch ein separates Lichtmodul erzeugt werden kann. Dies hat insbesondere bei Scheinwerfern den Nachteil, dass zur Erzeugung einer kompletten Palette an gesetzlich geforderten Lichtverteilungen eine Vielzahl an Lichtmodulen im Scheinwerfer bzw. im Frontbereich des Fahrzeugs angeordnet sein müssen. Dies benötigt viel Bauraum im ohnehin schon durch viele andere technische Einrichtungen überfrachteten Frontbereich des Fahrzeugs. Gewünschte Lichtfunktionen, insbesondere in der gehobenen Fahrzeugklasse, für bspw. an bestimmte Umgebungs- und/oder Fahrsituationen anpassbare Lichtverteilungen (z.B. Kurvenlicht, Abbiegelicht, Schlechtwetterlicht, Stadtlicht, Landstraßenlicht, Autobahnlicht) verschärfen die Situation.Lighting devices with semiconductor light sources can therefore, due to the superimposition of different partial light distributions generated in the illumination device, have a modular construction, wherein each partial light distribution can be generated by a separate light module. This has the disadvantage, in particular in the case of headlamps, that a large number of light modules must be arranged in the headlight or in the front region of the vehicle in order to produce a complete range of legally required light distributions. This requires a lot Space in the already over-burdened by many other technical facilities front of the vehicle. Desired light functions, especially in the upper vehicle class, for example, to certain ambient and / or driving situations customizable light distributions (eg cornering, cornering, bad weather, city lights, country road, motorway lights) exacerbate the situation.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es deshalb, die Anzahl der mit Halbleiterlichtquellen ausgestatteten Lichtmodule, insbesondere Reflexionsmodule, im Scheinwerfer zu reduzieren und dabei die Erzeugung verschiedener Lichtverteilungen durch ein einziges Lichtmodul zu ermöglichen.The object of the invention is therefore to reduce the number of equipped with semiconductor light sources light modules, in particular reflection modules, in the headlight and thereby to allow the generation of different light distributions by a single light module.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Reflexionsmodul mindestens eine weitere Halbleiterlichtquelle umfasst, die eine auf einen versetzt zu dem ersten Bereich angeordneten zweiten Bereich des Reflektors gerichtete Hauptabstrahlrichtung aufweist.To achieve the object, it is proposed that the reflection module comprises at least one further semiconductor light source which has a main emission direction directed at a second region of the reflector arranged offset relative to the first region.
Damit strahlen die mindestens eine erste und die mindestens eine weitere Halbleiterlichtquelle zumindest mit ihrer Hauptabstrahlrichtung auf unterschiedliche Bereiche des Reflektors. Die unterschiedlichen Bereiche des Reflektors können unterschiedliche Verteilungen elektromagnetischer Strahlung auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug erzeugen. Der Erfindung liegt die Idee zu Grunde, eine Anordnung der mindestens einen ersten und der mindestens einen weiteren Halbleiterlichtquelle zu schaffen, dass die jeweiligen Halbleiterlichtquellen zumindest mit ihrer Hauptabstrahlrichtung solche Bereiche des Reflektors erreichen, dass mindestens zwei unterschiedliche Verteilungen elektromagnetischer Strahlungen auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug durch die Reflexion der von den Halbleiterlichtquellen ausgesandten elektromagnetischen Strahlung am Reflektor erzeugt werden können.Thus, the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source radiate at least with their main emission direction on different regions of the reflector. The different regions of the reflector can produce different distributions of electromagnetic radiation on the road ahead of the vehicle. The invention is based on the idea of providing an arrangement of the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source such that the respective semiconductor light sources achieve such areas of the reflector at least with their main emission direction that at least two different distributions of electromagnetic radiation on the Lane in front of the vehicle by the reflection of the emitted from the semiconductor light sources electromagnetic radiation can be generated at the reflector.
Halbleiterlichtquellen, bspw. Leuchtdioden (LEDs), können für das menschliche Auge sichtbares Licht emittieren. Es kann jedoch auch Infrarotstrahlung sein, bspw. für ein Nachtsichtsystem des Fahrzeugs. Im Falle von sichtbarem Licht erzeugt jeder angestrahlte Bereich einer Reflexionsfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Reflexionsmoduls dabei eine definierte Lichtverteilung, z.B. die mindestens eine erste Halbleiterlichtquelle eine abgeblendete Lichtverteilung und die mindestens eine weitere Halbleiterlichtquelle eine Fernlichtverteilung. Dabei hat die Ausgestaltung und Form des Reflektors einen Einfluss auf die erzeugte Lichtverteilung. Nähere Information hierzu folgt weiter hinten.Semiconductor light sources, for example light-emitting diodes (LEDs), can emit visible light to the human eye. However, it may also be infrared radiation, for example, for a night vision system of the vehicle. In the case of visible light, each illuminated area of a reflection surface of the reflection module according to the invention generates a defined light distribution, e.g. the at least one first semiconductor light source is a dimmed light distribution and the at least one further semiconductor light source is a high beam distribution. The design and shape of the reflector has an influence on the generated light distribution. Further information will follow later.
Eine kombinierbare Erzeugung bspw. einer Abblendlichtverteilung und einer Fernlichtverteilung in einem Reflektor eines einzigen mit Halbleiterlichtquellen bestückten Reflexionsmoduls ist damit durchaus möglich. Andere beliebige Kombinationen von Lichtverteilungen sind natürlich auch möglich und können leicht in dem Reflexionsmodul realisiert werden. In dem erfindungsgemäßen Reflexionsmodul ist also die Erzeugung von mindestens zwei Lichtverteilungen kombinierbar. Dies erlaubt eine deutlich reduzierte Anzahl von Reflexionsmodulen im Scheinwerfer. Dadurch wird der gesamte Scheinwerfer kompakter und leichter und in der Herstellung kostengünstiger. Das erfindungsgemäße Reflexionsmodul beansprucht damit wenig Bauraum im Scheinwerfer, wodurch der gesamte Scheinwerfer ebenfalls kompakt aufgebaut werden kann und damit im Frontbereich des Fahrzeugs wenig Bauraum beansprucht. Die Kombination mehrerer Lichtverteilungen in einem einzigen Reflexionsmodul führt darüber hinaus zu einer Verringerung der nötigen Lichtaustrittsfläche des Scheinwerfers, was einen erweiterten Freiraum für ein Design des Scheinwerfers bzw. des äußeren Frontbereichs des Fahrzeugs bietet.A combinable generation, for example, of a low-beam distribution and a high-beam distribution in a reflector of a single reflection module equipped with semiconductor light sources is therefore entirely possible. Of course, any other combinations of light distributions are also possible and can be easily realized in the reflection module. In the reflection module according to the invention, therefore, the generation of at least two light distributions can be combined. This allows a significantly reduced number of reflection modules in the headlight. This makes the entire headlight more compact and lighter and cheaper to manufacture. The reflection module according to the invention thus requires little space in the headlight, whereby the entire headlight can also be made compact and thus takes up little space in the front of the vehicle. The Combining several light distributions in a single reflection module also leads to a reduction of the necessary light emission surface of the headlamp, which offers an extended free space for a design of the headlamp or the outer front region of the vehicle.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass die mindestens eine erste Halbleiterlichtquelle auf einer ersten Auflagefläche innerhalb des Reflexionsmoduls und die eine weitere Halbleiterlichtquelle auf einer zweiten Auflagefläche innerhalb des Reflexionsmoduls angeordnet ist, wobei die Erstreckungsebenen der Auflageflächen einen Winkel ungleich 180° aufspannen. Dabei erstreckt sich die erste Auflagefläche im Wesentlichen horizontal und parallel zur Fahrtrichtung. Die zweite Auflagefläche ist relativ zur ersten, in Fahrtrichtung gesehen, nach hinten geneigt, so dass die Hauptabstrahlrichtung der mindestens einen weiteren Halbleiterlichtquelle eine entgegen der Fahrtrichtung gerichtete Komponente aufweist. Die Reflexionsfläche des Reflektors kann dabei an der zweiten Auflagefläche beginnen und sich anschließend zunächst über die zweite Auflagefläche und im weiteren Verlauf auch über die erste Auflagefläche in gewölbter Form erstrecken.It is particularly advantageous that the at least one first semiconductor light source is disposed on a first support surface within the reflection module and the another semiconductor light source on a second support surface within the reflection module, wherein the extension planes of the support surfaces define an angle not equal to 180 °. In this case, the first bearing surface extends substantially horizontally and parallel to the direction of travel. The second bearing surface is inclined relative to the first, viewed in the direction of travel, to the rear, so that the main emission of the at least one further semiconductor light source has a counter to the direction of travel component. The reflection surface of the reflector can begin at the second support surface and then initially extend over the second support surface and in the further course over the first support surface in a curved shape.
Durch die zwangsläufig unterschiedliche Lage der Erstreckungsebenen auf den mindestens zwei voneinander getrennten Auflageflächen für die Halbleiterlichtquellen entsteht im Reflektor des Reflexionsmoduls eine zueinander versetzte Positionierung der darauf angeordneten Halbleiterlichtquellen. Schon allein dadurch erreichen die mindestens eine erste und die mindestens eine weitere Halbleiterlichtquelle zumindest mit ihrer Hauptabstrahlrichtung unterschiedliche Bereiche des Reflektors. Die abgewinkelte Anordnung der Auflageflächen relativ zueinander unterstützen noch diesen Effekt. Ziel ist, dass die auf den Auflageflächen angeordneten Halbleiterlichtquellen im Wesentlichen vollständig voneinander getrennte Reflexionsflächen des Reflektors erreichen. Natürlich sollen eventuell auftretende ungenutzte Bereiche auf der Reflexionsfläche dabei weitestgehend vermieden werden. Geringfügige Überlappungen können dabei toleriert werden.Due to the inevitably different position of the extension planes on the at least two mutually separate bearing surfaces for the semiconductor light sources, a mutually offset positioning of the semiconductor light sources arranged thereon is produced in the reflector of the reflection module. For this alone, the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source reach different regions of the reflector at least with their main emission direction. The angled arrangement of the bearing surfaces relative to each other still support this effect. The aim is that arranged on the support surfaces semiconductor light sources substantially completely separate reflecting surfaces of the reflector reach. Of course, possibly occurring unused areas on the reflection surface should be largely avoided. Minor overlaps can be tolerated.
Denkbar ist natürlich auch, dass mehr als zwei Auflageflächen mit entsprechend ausgerichteten Erstreckungsebenen und entsprechend bestückten Halbleiterlichtquellen im Reflexionsmodul vorgesehen sind, die wiederum andere Bereiche des Reflektors beanspruchen, um noch weitere Lichtverteilungen zu erzeugen.It is also conceivable, of course, that more than two bearing surfaces are provided with appropriately aligned extension planes and appropriately populated semiconductor light sources in the reflection module, which in turn claim other areas of the reflector to produce even more light distributions.
Die Halbleiterlichtquellen einer Auflagefläche sind dabei im Betrieb getrennt steuerbar, so dass die jeweilige Lichtverteilung ein- und ausschaltbar, aber auch in ihrer Lichtstärke veränderbar, also dimmbar ist. Es handelt sich also um ein rein elektrisches Schalten; auf mechanische Vorgänge, wie sie bspw. bei Gasentladungslampen mit einem Bewegen der Gasentladungslampe bzw. des Reflektors nötig sind, kann vorteilhafterweise verzichtet werden.The semiconductor light sources of a bearing surface are separately controllable in operation, so that the respective light distribution on and off, but also in their light intensity changeable, that is dimmable. It is therefore a purely electrical switching; On mechanical processes, such as are required. For example, in gas discharge lamps with a movement of the gas discharge lamp or the reflector can be advantageously dispensed with.
Denkbar ist außerdem, dass das erfindungsgemäße Reflexionsmodul um eine Sekundäroptik, bspw. um eine Sammel- oder Projektionslinse, erweitert wird, um als Projektionsmodul die gewünschten Lichtverteilungen auf die Fahrbahn zu projizieren. Die Anordnung der Auflageflächen sowie die Form des Reflektors müssen dann entsprechend der optischen Gegebenheiten in einem Projektionsmodul angepasst werden.It is also conceivable that the reflection module according to the invention is extended by a secondary optics, for example. To a collection or projection lens, to project the desired light distribution on the road as a projection module. The arrangement of the support surfaces and the shape of the reflector must then be adjusted according to the optical conditions in a projection module.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die mindestens eine erste Halbleiterlichtquelle und die mindestens eine weitere Halbleiterlichtquelle derart ausgebildet und angeordnet, dass die Halbleiterlichtquellen in der Hauptabstrahlrichtung mit dem gleichen Öffnungswinkel aussenden und dass der Winkel zwischen der ersten Auflagefläche und der zweiten Auflagefläche, in einer Seitenansicht betrachtet, einem halben Öffnungswinkel der von den Halbleiterlichtquellen in Hauptabstrahlrichtung ausgesandten elektromagnetischen Strahlung entspricht. Damit ist die Neigung der zweiten Auflagefläche relativ zur ersten Auflagefläche besonders vorteilhaft ausgebildet, so dass die mindestens eine erste Halbleiterlichtquelle den ersten Bereich der Reflexionsfläche komfortabel ausnutzen kann. Die mindestens eine weitere Halbleiterlichtquelle strahlt durch die horizontale Lage ihrer Auflagefläche im Wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung (wegen der Streuung zumindest mit einer ausgeprägten vertikalen Komponente) und nutzt damit im Wesentlichen den zweiten Bereich der Reflexionsfläche, die am freien Ende der Reflexionsfläche angeordnet ist. Der Reflektor ist derart ausgestaltet, dass jeder Teilbereich der Reflexionsfläche eine definierte, aber unterschiedliche Lichtverteilung auf der Fahrbahn erzeugt.In a preferred embodiment, the at least one first semiconductor light source and the at least one further semiconductor light source are designed and arranged such that the semiconductor light sources emit in the main emission direction with the same opening angle and that the angle between the first support surface and the second support surface, viewed in a side view, corresponds to half the opening angle emitted by the semiconductor light sources in the main emission electromagnetic radiation. In this way, the inclination of the second bearing surface relative to the first bearing surface is designed to be particularly advantageous, so that the at least one first semiconductor light source can comfortably utilize the first region of the reflection surface. The at least one further semiconductor light source radiates through the horizontal position of its support surface substantially in the vertical direction (due to the scattering at least with a pronounced vertical component) and thus essentially utilizes the second region of the reflection surface, which is arranged at the free end of the reflection surface. The reflector is designed such that each subregion of the reflection surface generates a defined but different light distribution on the roadway.
So kann bspw. auf den ersten Teilbereich der Reflexionsfläche strahlendes Licht mit der entsprechend ausgebildeten Reflektorform eine Abblendlicht-Grundverteilung mit einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Hell-Dunkelgrenze erzeugen, der zweite Teilbereich der Reflexionsfläche ist derart ausgebildet, dass die Lichtverteilung auf der Fahrbahn zu einem Fernlicht ergänzt werden kann, das die gesamte Fahrbahn bis zum Horizont ausleuchtet. Möglich ist ebenso, dass bspw. über den ersten Teilbereich der Reflexionsfläche eine komplette Fernlichtverteilung auf der Fahrbahn erzeugt wird und der zweite Teilbereich der Reflexionsfläche von Infrarot-emittierenden Halbleiterlichtquellen, bspw. für ein Nachtsichtsystem, angestrahlt wird.Thus, for example, light radiating onto the first subregion of the reflection surface with the correspondingly formed reflector shape can produce a low beam basic distribution with a substantially horizontal light-dark boundary, the second subregion of the reflection surface being designed such that the light distribution on the roadway complements a high beam which illuminates the entire roadway to the horizon. It is also possible that, for example, on the first Part of the reflection surface is a complete high beam distribution is generated on the road and the second portion of the reflection surface of infrared emitting semiconductor light sources, eg. For a night vision system, is illuminated.
In einer weiterhin vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Reflexionsmoduls ist die erste Auflagefläche im Wesentlichen vertikal und bezüglich einer vertikalen Mittelebene zur Seite geneigt und relativ zu dieser die zweite Auflagefläche spiegelbildlich zur anderen Seite geneigt angeordnet, so dass die Hauptabstrahlrichtungen der mindestens einen ersten Halbleiterlichtquelle und der mindestens einen weiteren Halbleiterlichtquelle auf, die Mittelebene bezogen, seitliche Reflexionsabschnitte des Reflektors gerichtet ist. Durch eine entsprechend angepasste Form des Reflektors kann eine Lichtverteilung auf der Fahrbahn erzeugt werden, die neben den gängigen Lichtverteilungen bevorzugt Bereiche seitlich des Fahrzeugs ausleuchtet. Dies kann bspw. ein Stadtlicht mit einer zusätzlichen partiellen Ausleuchtung eines Gehwegs sein. Auch die Realisierung eines statischen Kurvenlichts ist möglich. Denkbar ist ebenfalls, dass eine Seite des Reflektors eine Abblendlicht-Grundverteilung mit einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Hell-Dunkelgrenze erzeugt und die zweite Seite den ansteigenden Teil der Hell-Dunkelgrenze auf der Fahrerseite sowie eine stärkere Ausleuchtung in der Fahrbahnmitte erzeugt, so dass sich beide Teillichtverteilungen zum resultierenden Abblendlicht überlagern. Hierbei kann vorteilhafterweise auf das sonst übliche Spotlicht verzichtet werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the reflection module according to the invention, the first support surface is substantially vertical and inclined relative to a vertical center plane to the side and relative to this second support surface mirror image arranged inclined to the other side, so that the main emission of the at least one first semiconductor light source and the at least one further semiconductor light source, the center plane, lateral reflection portions of the reflector is directed. By a correspondingly adapted shape of the reflector, a light distribution on the roadway can be generated, which preferably illuminates areas adjacent to the usual light distributions side of the vehicle. This may be, for example, a city light with an additional partial illumination of a walkway. The realization of a static cornering light is possible. It is also conceivable that one side of the reflector generates a low-beam basic distribution with a substantially horizontal light-dark boundary and the second side generates the rising part of the bright-dark border on the driver's side and a stronger illumination in the middle of the road, so that both partial light distributions overlay to the resulting low beam. This can advantageously be dispensed with the usual spotlight.
Im erfindungsgemäßen Reflexionsmodul sind grundsätzlich viele weitere integrierbare Kombinationen von Lichtfunktionen denkbar, z.B. ein schmales Grundlicht kombiniert mit einem breiten Grundlicht, welches dann für unterschiedliche Fahrsituationen aktivierbar ist, wie Stadtlicht, Landstraßenlicht, Autobahnlicht, etc. Für die entsprechenden Lichtverteilungen muss dann lediglich noch die Leuchtstärke entsprechend angepasst werden. Diese Kombinationen führen zu einer Platzersparnis, aber auch zu einer Energieeinsparung bei gleichbleibender oder sogar gesteigerter Lichtperformance durch angepasste Lichtverteilungen.In the reflection module according to the invention are in principle many further integrable combinations of Light functions conceivable, for example, a narrow basic light combined with a broad base light, which is then activated for different driving situations, such as city lights, country road, motorway lights, etc. For the corresponding light distribution then only the luminosity must be adjusted accordingly. These combinations lead to a space saving, but also to an energy saving with constant or even increased light performance through adapted light distribution.
Besonders bedeutsam für die Erfindung ist, dass der Reflektor eine Freiform aufweist. Jede von Beleuchtungseinrichtungen erzeugte Lichtverteilung muss gesetzlichen Anforderungen erfüllen, bspw. den ECE-Regelungen der Wirtschaftskommission für Europa, da sie für die Erteilung einer jeweiligen nationalen Betriebserlaubnis von Belang sind. So definiert bspw. die ECE-Richtlinie R1 Standards bzgl. Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfern. Natürlich ist die Ausgestaltung der Lichtverteilung Teil dieser Richtlinie. Der Reflektor des erfindungsgemäßen Reflexionsmoduls muss derart ausgebildet sein, dass die im Reflexionsmodul jeweils erzeugte Lichtverteilung den ECE-Richtlinien entspricht. Die Anordnung der Auflageflächen im Reflexionsmodul ist die Basis zur Erzeugung der entsprechenden Lichtverteilung. Darauf aufbauend muss die Form des Reflektors, insbesondere die Reflexionsfläche, die geforderte Lichtverteilung gestalten.Of particular importance for the invention is that the reflector has a free form. Any light distribution generated by lighting equipment must comply with legal requirements, such as the ECE regulations of the Economic Commission for Europe, as they are relevant to the issue of a respective national type-approval. For example, the ECE Directive R1 defines standards for vehicle headlights. Of course, the design of the light distribution is part of this directive. The reflector of the reflection module according to the invention must be designed such that the light distribution generated in each case in the reflection module complies with the ECE guidelines. The arrangement of the bearing surfaces in the reflection module is the basis for generating the corresponding light distribution. Based on this, the shape of the reflector, in particular the reflection surface, must design the required light distribution.
Die Freiform des Reflektors, bzw. der Reflexionsfläche, bietet einen großen Spiel- bzw. Freiraum bei der Gestaltung der Reflexionsfläche. Um die gewünschte Form der Reflexionsfläche zu erlangen, kann man bspw. von einer mathematisch einfach definierbaren Form der Reflexionsfläche (z.B. Parabel, Hyperbel, Ellipse, etc) ausgehen und anschließend mit Hilfe einer Computersimulation bzw. -berechnung die Reflexionsfläche derart verändern, dass der Reflektor genau die gewünschte Lichtverteilung erzeugt. Natürlich kann dabei auch die Lage und die Anzahl der Halbleiterlichtquellen bzw. deren Auflagefläche angepasst werden. Dabei müssen die Größe von bspw. Trägerelementen und Leiterplatten für die Halbleiterlichtquellen mit berücksichtigt werden. Gemäß der durch die Computeroptimierung ermittelten Reflexionsfläche kann dann ein Prototyp des Reflektors hergestellt werden.The free form of the reflector, or the reflection surface, offers a large play or free space in the design of the reflection surface. In order to obtain the desired shape of the reflection surface, one can, for example. From a mathematically easily definable form of Reflection surface (eg parabola, hyperbola, ellipse, etc) go out and then using a computer simulation or calculation to change the reflection surface so that the reflector produces exactly the desired light distribution. Of course, it is also possible to adapt the position and the number of semiconductor light sources or their bearing surface. The size of, for example, carrier elements and printed circuit boards for the semiconductor light sources must be taken into account. According to the reflection surface determined by the computer optimization, a prototype of the reflector can then be produced.
Ferner ist vorteilhaft, dass mehrere erste und/oder mehrere weitere Halbleiterlichtquellen vorhanden sind, die jeweils zu einem Optikarray zusammengefasst sind. Optikarrays sind Funktionsgruppen mehrerer Halbleiterlichtquellen, die üblicherweise gemeinsam auf einem Trägerelement bzw. einer Leiterplatte angeordnet sind. Alle Halbleiterlichtquellen eines Optikarrays werden in der Regel gemeinsam angesteuert, die einzelnen Halbleiterlichtquellen können bei Bedarf auch einzeln angesteuert werden. In dem erfindungsgemäßen Reflexionsmodul kann auf jeder Auflagefläche vorzugsweise ein Optikarray mit mindestens einer Halbleiterlichtquelle angeordnet sein.Furthermore, it is advantageous that a plurality of first and / or a plurality of further semiconductor light sources are present, which are each combined to form an optical array. Optic arrays are functional groups of a plurality of semiconductor light sources, which are usually arranged together on a carrier element or a printed circuit board. All semiconductor light sources of an optical array are generally driven together, the individual semiconductor light sources can be controlled individually if required. In the reflection module according to the invention, an optical array with at least one semiconductor light source can preferably be arranged on each support surface.
Für die einzelnen im Reflexionsmodul integrierten kombinierbaren Funktionen ist es elementar, die von der mindestens einen ersten und der mindestens einen weiteren Halbleiterlichtquelle angestrahlten Reflexionsflächen im Wesentlichen zu separieren, wobei ein geringer Überlapp ohne Störung der Lichtverteilung möglich ist. Dies kann mit zweierlei Möglichkeiten realisiert werden: Einerseits kann zwischen der mindestens einen ersten Halbleiterlichtquelle und der mindestens einen weiteren Halbleiterlichtquelle mindestens eine Blende vorgesehen sein, die die ausgesandte elektromagnetische Strahlung der jeweiligen Halbleiterlichtquellen gegenseitig abgrenzt. Andererseits kann im Strahlengang der von mindestens einer der Halbleiterlichtquellen ausgesandten elektromagnetischen Strahlung eine Vorsatzoptik angeordnet sein, die aus einem optisch transparenten Material besteht. Die Vorsatzoptik kann bspw. das Licht an einer Lichteintritts- und an einer Lichtaustrittsfläche brechen. Es kommt so zu einer Bündelung des Lichts. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Vorsatzoptik auch nach einer Einkopplung der elektromagnetische Strahlung in die Vorsatzoptik durch Totalreflexion die elektromagnetischen Strahlung an Grenzflächen der Vorsatzoptik mit der Umgebung reflektieren und damit bündeln. Das bedeutet, dass von der Halbleiterlichtquelle ausgesandte elektromagnetische Strahlung derart in der Vorsatzoptik gebündelt wird, dass sich die Strahlung der mindestens einen ersten und der mindestens einen weiteren Halbleiterlichtquelle auf der Reflexionsfläche im Wesentlichen nicht überlappen.For the individual combinable functions integrated in the reflection module, it is fundamental to essentially separate the reflection surfaces illuminated by the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source, wherein a slight overlap is possible without disturbing the light distribution. This can be realized with two possibilities: on the one hand, between the at least one first semiconductor light source and the at least one further semiconductor light source be provided at least one aperture which delimits the emitted electromagnetic radiation of the respective semiconductor light sources mutually. On the other hand, in the beam path, the electromagnetic radiation emitted by at least one of the semiconductor light sources may be arranged with an optical attachment which consists of an optically transparent material. The intent optics can, for example, break the light at a light entrance and at a light exit surface. It thus comes to a bundling of light. Alternatively or additionally, the attachment optics can also reflect the electromagnetic radiation at interfaces of the attachment optics with the environment even after coupling the electromagnetic radiation into the attachment optics by total reflection and thus bundle it. This means that electromagnetic radiation emitted by the semiconductor light source is bundled in the attachment optics such that the radiation of the at least one first and the at least one further semiconductor light source does not substantially overlap on the reflection surface.
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den beigefügten Figuren. Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendet werden können, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Figuren dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen jeweils in schematischer Form:
Figur 1- ein Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Reflexionsmodul in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
- Figur 2
- ein Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Reflexionsmodul in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
- Figur 3
- ein Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Reflexionsmodul in einer dritten Ausführungsform; und
- Figur 4
- ein Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Reflexionsmodul in einer vierten Ausführungsform.
- FIG. 1
- a longitudinal section through an inventive reflection module in a first embodiment;
- FIG. 2
- a longitudinal section through an inventive reflection module in a second embodiment;
- FIG. 3
- a longitudinal section through an inventive reflection module in a third embodiment; and
- FIG. 4
- a cross section through a reflection module according to the invention in a fourth embodiment.
Im Falle, dass mehrere Leuchtdioden 16 bzw. 17 auf der Auflagefläche 20 oder 22 vorgesehen sind, können die Leuchtdioden jeweils zu einem Optikarray (nicht dargestellt) zusammengefasst werden. Optikarrays sind Funktionsgruppen mehrerer Leuchtdioden, die üblicherweise auf einem Trägerelement bzw. einer Leiterplatte gezielt angeordnet sind. Alle Leuchtdioden eines Optikarrays werden in der Regel zum Betreiben gemeinsam angesteuert, die einzelnen Leuchtdioden können bei Bedarf natürlich auch einzeln angesteuert werden. Ein Verändern der Lichtstärke, also ein Dimmen, ist dabei auch möglich. In dem Reflexionsmodul 10 kann vorzugsweise auf jeder Auflagefläche 20 oder 22 vorzugsweise ein Optikarray angeordnet sein. Es können natürlich auch auf jeder Auflagefläche 20, 22 mehrere, voneinander getrennte Optikarrays angeordnet sein.In the event that a plurality of
Das von den Leuchtdioden 16 und 17 in Hauptabstrahlrichtung ausgesandte Lichtstrahlenbündel hat einen Öffnungswinkel α. Dieser ist vorzugsweise für beide Leuchtdioden 16 und 17 gleich groß. Durch die unterschiedliche Anordnung der Leuchtdioden 16 und 17 auf den beiden relativ zueinander abgewinkelten Auflageflächen 20 und 22 strahlt dabei die Leuchtdiode 16 einen Teilbereich 26 einer Reflexionsfläche 24 des Reflektors 12 an, die Leuchtdiode 17 strahlt einen Teilbereich 28 der Reflexionsfläche 24 an. Der Winkel zwischen der Auflagefläche 20 und einer Horizontalen (parallel zur Auflagefläche 22) entspricht dabei bevorzugt einem halben Öffnungswinkel α der Hauptabstrahlrichtung der Leuchtdioden 16 und 17. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist es denkbar, dass der Winkel der Auflagefläche 20 zur Horizontalen auch von dem halben Öffnungswinkel α abweichen kann. Wie aus
Das Reflexionsmodul 10 arbeitet folgendermaßen: Durch die unterschiedlich verlaufenden Erstreckungsebenen der beiden Auflageflächen 20 und 22 für die Leuchtdioden 16 und 17 entsteht eine zueinander versetzte und dazu abgewinkelte Positionierung der zugeordneten Leuchtdioden 16 und 17, die durch deren Hauptabstrahlrichtung die beiden reflektierenden Teilbereiche 26 und 28 der Reflexionsfläche 24 auf dem Reflektor 12 bilden. Die beiden Teilbereiche 26 und 28 des Reflektors 12 sind dabei derart ausgebildet, dass die von den Teilbereichen 26 und 28 reflektierten Lichtstrahlen jeweils eine definierte, unterschiedliche Lichtverteilung auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug erzeugen. Dazu sind die beiden Leuchtdioden 16 und 17 so auf der Auflagefläche 20 bzw. 22 angeordnet, dass es im Wesentlichen zu keiner Überlappung der von den Leuchtdioden 16 und 17 ausgesandten Lichtstrahlung kommt. Zu Abgrenzung ist es möglich, dass zusätzlich eine Blende (in
So ist es beispielsweise möglich, dass die Lichtstrahlung der Leuchtdiode 16 über den Teilbereich 26 der Reflexionsfläche 24 eine abgeblendete Lichtverteilung auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug erzeugen kann und die Lichtstrahlung der Leuchtdiode 17 über den Teilbereich 28 der Reflexionsfläche 24 beispielsweise eine Fernlichtverteilung auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug erzeugen kann. Die Fernlichtverteilung kann dabei beispielsweise allein durch die Lichtstrahlung der Leuchtdiode 17 über den Teilbereich 28 erzeugt werden, sie kann aber auch durch eine Überlagerung der beiden von dem Teilbereich 26 und dem Teilbereich 28 erzeugten Lichtverteilungen zu einer Fernlichtverteilung ergänzt werden.For example, it is possible that the light radiation the light-emitting
Durchaus möglich ist beispielsweise auch, dass der Teilbereich 26 der Reflexionsfläche 24 eine Abblendlichtgrundverteilung mit einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Hell-Dunkel-Grenze erzeugt und der Teilbereich 28 der Reflexionsfläche 24 den ansteigenden Teil der Hell-Dunkel-Grenze auf der Fahrerseite sowie eine stärkere Ausleuchtung in der Fahrbahnmitte erzeugt, so dass durch Überlagerung der beiden Lichtverteilungen eine Abblendlichtverteilung erzeugt wird, so wie sie gesetzlich gefordert ist. Im Reflexionsmodul 10 sind grundsätzliche viele weitere integrierbare Kombinationen von verschiedenen Lichtfunktionen denkbar. So zum Beispiel, ein schmales Grundlicht kombiniert durch Überlagerung mit einem breiten Grundlicht, welches dann für unterschiedliche Fahrsituationen aktivierbar ist, wie zum Beispiel für Stadtlicht, Landstraßenlicht, Autobahnlicht, etc.. Auch die Erzeugung von Kurvenlicht wäre mit der vorliegenden Erfindung möglich. Dabei in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Fahrzeugparametern (z.B. Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, Lenkwinkel, etc.) selektiv eine der Leuchtdioden 16, 17 aktiviert und entweder rechts oder links ein statisches Kurvenlicht erzeugt. Für die verschiedenen Lichtverteilungen kann zusätzlich die Leuchtstärke, das heißt die elektrische Versorgungsleistung der Leuchtdioden 16, 17, entsprechend angepasst werden.It is also entirely possible, for example, for the
Um die entsprechenden gewünschten Lichtverteilungen auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug zu erzeugen, ist eine besonders angepasst Form der Reflexionsfläche 24 in den entsprechenden Teilbereichen 26 und 28 nötig. Um die gewünscht Form der Reflexionsfläche 24 zu erlangen, kann man beispielsweise von einer mathematisch einfach definierbaren Form der Reflexionsfläche (zum Beispiel Parabel, Hyperbel, Ellipse, etc.) ausgehen und anschließend mit Hilfe einer Computersimulation die Reflexionsfläche 24 derart berechnen, dass der Reflektor 12 genau die gewünschte Lichtverteilung erzeugt. Ein derart ausgebildeter Reflektor 12 wird auch als Freiformreflektor bezeichnet.In order to produce the corresponding desired light distributions on the roadway in front of the vehicle, a specially adapted shape of the
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DE102010045847A DE102010045847A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Refelxionsmodul a motor vehicle headlamp |
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EP2431657A2 true EP2431657A2 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102418894A (en) | 2012-04-18 |
DE102010045847A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
EP2431657A3 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
CN102418894B (en) | 2015-11-04 |
EP2431657B1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
DE102010045847A8 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
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