EP2427588A2 - Sanitary objects - Google Patents

Sanitary objects

Info

Publication number
EP2427588A2
EP2427588A2 EP10732841A EP10732841A EP2427588A2 EP 2427588 A2 EP2427588 A2 EP 2427588A2 EP 10732841 A EP10732841 A EP 10732841A EP 10732841 A EP10732841 A EP 10732841A EP 2427588 A2 EP2427588 A2 EP 2427588A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
sanitary article
article according
metallic
organic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10732841A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karl Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grohe AG
Original Assignee
Grohe AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grohe AG filed Critical Grohe AG
Publication of EP2427588A2 publication Critical patent/EP2427588A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/0015—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterized by the colour of the layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C23C28/3225—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12542—More than one such component
    • Y10T428/12549—Adjacent to each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to sanitary articles with decorative surface structures according to claim 1 and to a method for their production according to claim 13.
  • a galvanic chrome plating is often provided for the desired metallic cover layers. This means that the sanitary items get a final chrome finish, which can be glossy or dull as desired.
  • numerous methods for applying decorative layers are known in the prior art. In addition to wet-chemical processes, such as galvanic processes, methods such as PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) and painting processes and their combination known, by means of which layers with certain colors on the objects can be deposited.
  • thermoplastics such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), which are suitable for chrome plating, are not approved as water-bearing components, as their use legally prescribed limits for certain water-soluble substances can not be met.
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • the invention has for its object to improve the production of water-bearing, single-shell sanitary items with decorative surface.
  • the object is achieved by a sanitary article having the features of patent claim 1 and a method for producing sanitary articles according to claim 13.
  • Advantageous developments are the subject of dependent claims.
  • the invention provides a sanitary object comprising a substrate and a coating, wherein the substrate is made of plastic or metal, in particular brass, zinc or stainless steel and the coating of a metal layer of a compound of at least two elements from the group consisting of aluminum, chromium, zinc, Silver, titanium, and zircon exists.
  • Coating is understood to mean the application of a firmly adhering layer of shapeless material to a workpiece.
  • Layer and substrate form a composite of different materials.
  • the layer performs the contact function, such as protection against chemical or corrosive attack and Tribobe retailung, influences the rubbing behavior or optical or decorative purposes, while the substrate assumes the support function or media management, with its properties of the specific stress regardless of the contact behavior are adjusted can.
  • a body is produced by casting, forming or plastics molding by injection molding, which can be water-bearing.
  • the metal layer is produced by means of a PVD process at least on the outer surface of the body.
  • a target can be used, which consists of an alloy of at least two elements from the group aluminum, chromium, zinc, silver, titanium, and zirconium.
  • targets consisting of the individual elements may be used so that the alloy composition of the metal layer is directly realized in the deposition. This makes it possible to change the elemental proportions in the alloy during the coating process. This has the consequence that thereby layer properties, in particular the color, are changed with the layer height and the layer course.
  • the sanitary article according to the invention has excellent chemical resistance to solvents and cleaning agents, high light reflection and a high-gloss surface.
  • the metal layer is made sufficiently thick so that it is opaque or fully reflective.
  • the metal layer preferably has a thickness of 40 to 150 nm.
  • the metal layer can also be made with translucent or semitransparent properties. This can be achieved at a layer thickness of 15 to 40 nm, preferably 25 nm.
  • the layer can be backlit from one side, for example from the substrate side.
  • the sanitary object has an intermediate layer or buffer layer between the body and metal layer in the form of an organic layer, metallic layer, metallic layer sequence or a layer sequence of at least one organic and one metallic layer.
  • the intermediate layer or buffer layer serves to compensate for different mechanical and chemical properties of water-carrying body and metal layer or layer system. Otherwise there is a risk of layer failure due to cracking.
  • the metallic layer of the intermediate layer or buffer layer is provided from one element or a compound of a plurality of elements from the group of zirconium, titanium, chromium, tin and zinc.
  • the interfaces (between the intermediate layer and the body and between the intermediate layer and the metal layer) very advantageously have chemical compounds with the aid of which chemical adhesion bridges are produced, whereby a better adhesion of the metal layer on the intermediate layer with respect to the water-carrying body is ensured.
  • the intermediate layer has a greater surface roughness than the body, so that in the direct metallization by the PVD method, a mechanical interlocking of the intermediate layer and metal layer is achieved, whereby the adhesion of the metal layer is also improved.
  • the metallic layer of the intermediate layer has a thickness of 10 to 60 nm.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that a sequence of layers of organic and metallic layer is disposed between water-carrying body and metal layer, wherein the organic layer adjacent to the water-carrying body.
  • the organic layer or primer which can be applied by means of a coating technique, serves as a leveling layer. Depending on the degree of surface treatment of the water-carrying body, this has a ground, polished or intentionally structured surface.
  • the organic layer serves as a coupling layer or adhesion promoter between water-carrying body and metal layer.
  • the intermediate layer in turn creates a balance between the different mechanical and chemical properties of water-bearing body and metal layer or layer system.
  • a development of the invention also provides that a cover layer in the form of an inorganic layer, further organic or a layer sequence of an inorganic and an organic layer is applied as a final layer.
  • a ceramic hard material layer preferably applied from AlSi x OyN z, AIO x Ny, Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 by means of PVD process.
  • This hard material layer is a scratch-resistant layer on the coloring metal layer. It also acts as a barrier layer or diffusion protection layer, whereby the chemical resistance of the underlying Metal layer is increased.
  • This hard material layer may have a layer thickness of 10 to 200 nm.
  • a marking layer is provided below the cover layer at least in some areas.
  • This marking layer may be a decorative layer or merely consist of symbols or letters which serve for information.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a hand shower with a layer structure according to the invention.
  • the hand shower shown in Figure 1 has a base material or substrate made of plastic.
  • Water supply, shower head and handle are single-shell, for example by injection molding.
  • an intermediate layer or buffer layer in the form of a layer sequence of an organic layer 2 and a metallic layer 3 is arranged on the surface of the water-carrying body.
  • a gloss or metal layer 4 of a compound of at least two elements from the group aluminum, chromium, zinc, silver, titanium, and zirconium For example, with an alloy of aluminum, chromium and silver and an alloy of aluminum, chromium, silver and zirconium very good color results and high corrosion resistance were achieved. In addition, these alloys had very good leveling properties with respect to the substrate, so that no cracks occurred after the coating.
  • the gloss or metal layer 4 On the gloss or metal layer 4 is a cover layer in the form of a layer sequence of an inorganic layer 5 and a final layer organic layer 6, a so-called top coat coating, applied.
  • the inorganic layer 5 serves as a bonding layer, since some metal layers usually have poor adhesion properties to paint layers.
  • the cover layer serves to increase the scratch resistance.
  • the cover layer additionally produces the desired color of the overall appearance of the respective object. Not only can the desired 'chrome color', which can otherwise only be achieved by galvanic processes, be created, but also a different color scheme and structures with a metallic appearance, matting and metallic effects.
  • the cover layers take on a protective function, they are scratch-resistant, anti-corrosive, non-sticky and dirt-repellent.
  • a plastic is selected, which meets the legal requirements in terms of drinking water quality.
  • the layer structure according to the invention no special type of plastic is necessary. Since all layers can be applied from the outside, the inside of the hand shower remains uncoated. A contact of the drinking water with the outer layer system or an entry of soluble substances from the coating in the guided through the sanitary object water does not take place.
  • the durability of the sanitary articles according to the invention is extended by the novel coating. While in the case of known single-shell galvanized sanitary articles, cracking in the surface often occurs because the plastic and the galvanic layer react differently to the thermal load, damage due to different stresses can not occur due to the thin coating of the sanitary articles according to the invention.
  • the PVD layers are made so thin relative to the substrate of the water-bearing body that no residual stresses occur within the layer. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a sanitary object that has a decorative surface and essentially comprises a plastic or metal body (1) and an at least partially external coating. At least one metal layer (4) consisting of a compound of at least two elements from the group of elements comprising aluminum, chromium, zinc, silver, titanium, and zirconium is disposed on said sanitary object as a coating.

Description

Sanitärgegenstände Sanitary fittings
Die Erfindung betrifft Sanitärgegenstände mit dekorativen Oberflächenstrukturen gemäß Patentanspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung gemäß Patentanspruch 13.The invention relates to sanitary articles with decorative surface structures according to claim 1 and to a method for their production according to claim 13.
Bei vielen Gebrauchsgegenständen, insbesondere Sanitärgegenständen, spielt neben deren technischer Funktion deren Design eine maßgebende Rolle. Hierbei ist die Gestaltung der Oberfläche von großer Wichtigkeit. Im Zusammenhang mit Sanitärarmaturen, Brausen, Handbrausen, Badezimmeraccessoires, Leuchten, Ablagen usw. ist es üblicherweise erwünscht, dass die Oberflächen metallisch sind oder einen metallischen Charakter aufweisen. Neben Sanitärgegenständen aus Metall, die mit einer galvanischen Beschichtung versehen sind, werden diese häufig aus Kunststoff hergestellt, die mit metallischen Deckschichten versehen sind. Diese metallischen Deckschichten haben zum einen die genannte dekorative Funktion, müssen jedoch auch resistent gegenüber Korrosion, Reibung und chemischer Beanspruchung sein.In many commodities, especially sanitary items, in addition to their technical function whose design plays a decisive role. Here, the design of the surface is of great importance. In the context of sanitary fittings, showers, hand showers, bathroom accessories, lights, shelves, etc., it is usually desirable that the surfaces are metallic or have a metallic character. In addition to sanitary objects made of metal, which are provided with a galvanic coating, these are often made of plastic, which are provided with metallic cover layers. These metallic cover layers have the aforementioned decorative function, but must also be resistant to corrosion, friction and chemical stress.
Bei Sanitärgegenständen wird für die gewünschten metallischen Deckschichten häufig eine galvanische Verchromung vorgesehen. Dies bedeutet, dass die Sanitärgegenstände eine abschließende Chromoberfläche erhalten, die je nach Wunsch glänzend oder matt ausgeführt sein kann. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind jedoch zahlreiche Verfahren zum Aufbringen dekorativer Schichten bekannt. Neben nasschemischen Verfahren, wie galvanischen Prozessen sind Verfahren wie PVD (Physical Vapor deposition), CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) und Lackierverfahren sowie deren Kombi- nationen bekannt, mittels derer Schichten mit bestimmten Farbgebungen auf den Gegenständen abgeschieden werden können.In the case of sanitary articles, a galvanic chrome plating is often provided for the desired metallic cover layers. This means that the sanitary items get a final chrome finish, which can be glossy or dull as desired. However, numerous methods for applying decorative layers are known in the prior art. In addition to wet-chemical processes, such as galvanic processes, methods such as PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) and painting processes and their combination known, by means of which layers with certain colors on the objects can be deposited.
Aufgrund gesetzlicher Vorschriften sind galvanische Verchromungen bei Sanitärgegenständen jedoch problematisch, da der Kontakt von Wasser mit verchromten Oberflächen, die aus einer Nickel und einer Chromschicht bestehen, vermieden werden soll, um einen Eintrag von Nickel in das Trinkwasser zu vermeiden. Bei nasschemischen Prozessen lässt sich jedoch ein Nickeleintrag in den Innenbereich der wasserführenden Bauteile kaum vermeiden. Aus diesem Grund werden Sanitärgegenstände, insbesondere Handbrausen, die aus verchromtem Kunststoff bestehen, üblicherweise zweischalig hergestellt. Das äußere Gehäuse besteht aus einem verchrombaren ABS Kunststoff, der nur dekorativen Zwecken dient. Die innere Wasserführung besteht aus Kunststoff, der den gesetzlichen Anforderungen im Hinblick auf die Trinkwasserkonformität entspricht.Due to legal regulations, however, plating on plumbing is problematic, since the contact of water with chromed surfaces consisting of a nickel and a chromium layer should be avoided in order to avoid the entry of nickel into the drinking water. In wet-chemical processes, however, a nickel entry into the interior of the water-carrying components can hardly be avoided. For this reason, sanitary items, especially hand showers, which are made of chromed plastic, usually made bivalves. The outer housing is made of a chrome-plated ABS plastic, which serves only decorative purposes. The inner water supply is made of plastic, which meets the legal requirements with regard to drinking water conformity.
Hinzu kommt, dass gerade thermoplastische Kunststoffe, wie Acrylnitril- Butadien-Styrol (ABS), die sich für eine Verchromung eignen, nicht als wasserführende Bauteile zugelassen sind, da bei ihrer Verwendung gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Grenzwerte für bestimmte wasserlösliche Stoffe nicht eingehalten werden können.In addition, especially thermoplastics, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), which are suitable for chrome plating, are not approved as water-bearing components, as their use legally prescribed limits for certain water-soluble substances can not be met.
Aus der DE 10 2005 026 633 Al ist beispielsweise ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von galvanisierten Sanitärgegenständen aus Kunststoff bekannt, bei dem durch Abkopplung der wasserführenden Bereiche vom Stromfluss mittels zusätzlicher Bauteile eine Verchromung bzw. Vernickelung dieser Bereiche vermieden werden soll.From DE 10 2005 026 633 Al, for example, a method for the production of galvanized sanitary articles made of plastic is known, in which by decoupling the water-carrying areas from the current flow by means of additional components a chrome plating or nickel plating should be avoided.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Herstellung von wasserführenden, einschaligen Sanitärgegenständen mit dekorativer Oberfläche zu verbessern. Die Aufgabe wird durch einen Sanitärgegenstand mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sanitärgegenständen gemäß Anspruch 13 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.The invention has for its object to improve the production of water-bearing, single-shell sanitary items with decorative surface. The object is achieved by a sanitary article having the features of patent claim 1 and a method for producing sanitary articles according to claim 13. Advantageous developments are the subject of dependent claims.
Mit der Erfindung wird ein Sanitärgegenstand aus einem Substrat und einer Beschichtung bereitgestellt, wobei das Substrat aus Kunststoff oder Metall, insbesondere Messing, Zink oder Edelstahl und die Beschichtung aus einer Metallschicht aus einer Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Elementen aus der Gruppe Aluminium, Chrom, Zink, Silber, Titan, und Zirkon besteht. Unter Beschichten wird das Aufbringen einer fest haftenden Schicht aus formlosem Stoff auf ein Werkstück verstanden. Schicht und Substrat bilden einen Verbundkörper aus unterschiedlichen Stoffen. Die Schicht übernimmt die Kontaktfunktion, wie Schutz gegen chemischen oder korrosiven Angriff und gegen Tribobeanspruchung, beeinflusst das Reibverhalten oder dient optischen oder dekorativen Zwecken, während das Substrat die Tragfunktion bzw. Medienführung übernimmt, wobei seine Eigenschaften der spezifischen Beanspruchung ohne Rücksicht auf das Kontaktverhalten angepasst werden können.The invention provides a sanitary object comprising a substrate and a coating, wherein the substrate is made of plastic or metal, in particular brass, zinc or stainless steel and the coating of a metal layer of a compound of at least two elements from the group consisting of aluminum, chromium, zinc, Silver, titanium, and zircon exists. Coating is understood to mean the application of a firmly adhering layer of shapeless material to a workpiece. Layer and substrate form a composite of different materials. The layer performs the contact function, such as protection against chemical or corrosive attack and Tribobeanspruchung, influences the rubbing behavior or optical or decorative purposes, while the substrate assumes the support function or media management, with its properties of the specific stress regardless of the contact behavior are adjusted can.
Aus dem Substrat wird mittels Gießverfahren, Umformverfahren oder bei Kunststoffen mittels Spritzgießverfahren ein Körper hergestellt, der wasserführend sein kann.From the substrate, a body is produced by casting, forming or plastics molding by injection molding, which can be water-bearing.
Anschließend wird die Metallschicht mittels eines PVD-Verfahrens zumindest auf der äußeren Oberfläche des Körpers hergestellt. Dabei kann ein Target verwendet werden, das aus einer Legierung von wenigstens zwei Elementen aus der Gruppe Aluminium, Chrom, Zink, Silber, Titan, und Zirkon besteht. Alternativ dazu können Targets verwendet werden, die aus den Einzelelementen bestehen, so dass die Legierungszusammensetzung der Metallschicht bei der Abscheidung direkt realisiert wird. Damit ist es möglich, die Elementanteile in der Legierung während des Beschichtungsvorganges zu verändern. Dies hat zur Folge, dass dadurch Schichteigenschaften, insbesondere die Farbe, mit der Schichthöhe und dem Schichtverlauf geändert werden. Durch die geeignete Kombination der Materialanteile in der Metallschicht sowie Prozessparameter und Prozessführung kann das Aussehen einer auf galvanischem Wege hergestellten Chrom-Oberfläche reproduziert werden. Genau wie die üblichen mit galvanischen Verfahren hergestellten Bauteile weist der erfindungsgemäße Sanitärgegenstand eine hervorragende chemische Beständigkeit gegenüber Lösungs- und Reinigungsmitteln, eine hohe Lichtreflexion und eine hochglänzende Oberfläche auf. Üblicherweise wird die Metallschicht ausreichend dick ausgeführt, so dass diese lichtundurchlässig oder vollreflektierend ist. Hierbei weist die Metallschicht vorzugsweise eine Dicke von 40 bis 150 nm auf. Alternativ dazu kann die Metallschicht auch mit transluzenten oder semitransparenten Eigenschaften ausgeführt werden. Dies kann bei einer Schichtdicke von 15 bis 40 nm, vorzugsweise 25 nm, erreicht werden. Damit kann die Schicht von einer Seite, beispielsweise von Substratseite aus, hinterleuchtet werden.Subsequently, the metal layer is produced by means of a PVD process at least on the outer surface of the body. In this case, a target can be used, which consists of an alloy of at least two elements from the group aluminum, chromium, zinc, silver, titanium, and zirconium. Alternatively, targets consisting of the individual elements may be used so that the alloy composition of the metal layer is directly realized in the deposition. This makes it possible to change the elemental proportions in the alloy during the coating process. This has the consequence that thereby layer properties, in particular the color, are changed with the layer height and the layer course. Through the appropriate combination of material components in the metal layer as well as process parameters and process control, the appearance of a galvanically produced chromium surface can be reproduced. Just like the usual components produced by galvanic methods, the sanitary article according to the invention has excellent chemical resistance to solvents and cleaning agents, high light reflection and a high-gloss surface. Usually, the metal layer is made sufficiently thick so that it is opaque or fully reflective. In this case, the metal layer preferably has a thickness of 40 to 150 nm. Alternatively, the metal layer can also be made with translucent or semitransparent properties. This can be achieved at a layer thickness of 15 to 40 nm, preferably 25 nm. Thus, the layer can be backlit from one side, for example from the substrate side.
Durch Aufbringen von Mehrfachschichten werden weitere Eigenschaftsvorteile erreicht.By applying multiple layers, further property advantages are achieved.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist der Sanitärgegenstand eine Zwischenschicht bzw. Pufferschicht zwischen dem Körper und Metallschicht in Form einer organischen Schicht, metallischen Schicht, metallischen Schichtfolge oder einer Schichtfolge von wenigstens einer organischen und einer metallischen Schicht auf. Die Zwischenschicht bzw. Pufferschicht dient zum Ausgleich unterschiedlicher mechanischer und chemischer Eigenschaften von wasserführendem Körper und Metallschicht bzw. Schichtsystem. Ansonsten droht die Gefahr von Schichtversagen durch Rissbildung. Vorteilhafterweise wird die metallische Schicht der Zwischenschicht bzw. Pufferschicht aus einem Element oder einer Verbindung mehrerer Elemente aus der Gruppe Zirkonium, Titan, Chrom, Zinn und Zink vorgesehen. Damit weisen die Grenzflächen (zwischen Zwischenschicht und Körper und zwischen Zwischenschicht und Metallschicht) sehr vorteilhaft chemische Verbindungen auf, mit deren Hilfe chemische Haftbrücken erzeugt werden, wodurch eine bessere Haftung der Metallschicht auf der Zwischenschicht gegenüber dem wasserführenden Körper gewährleistet wird. Weiterhin weist die Zwischenschicht eine größere Oberflächenrauhigkeit als der Körper auf, so dass bei der Direktmetallisierung durch das PVD- Verfahren eine mechanische Verzahnung von Zwischenschicht und Metallschicht erreicht wird, wodurch die Haftung der Metallschicht ebenfalls verbessert wird. Voreilhafterweise weist die metallische Schicht der Zwischenschicht eine Dicke von 10 bis 60 nm auf.According to one embodiment of the invention, the sanitary object has an intermediate layer or buffer layer between the body and metal layer in the form of an organic layer, metallic layer, metallic layer sequence or a layer sequence of at least one organic and one metallic layer. The intermediate layer or buffer layer serves to compensate for different mechanical and chemical properties of water-carrying body and metal layer or layer system. Otherwise there is a risk of layer failure due to cracking. Advantageously, the metallic layer of the intermediate layer or buffer layer is provided from one element or a compound of a plurality of elements from the group of zirconium, titanium, chromium, tin and zinc. Thus, the interfaces (between the intermediate layer and the body and between the intermediate layer and the metal layer) very advantageously have chemical compounds with the aid of which chemical adhesion bridges are produced, whereby a better adhesion of the metal layer on the intermediate layer with respect to the water-carrying body is ensured. Furthermore, the intermediate layer has a greater surface roughness than the body, so that in the direct metallization by the PVD method, a mechanical interlocking of the intermediate layer and metal layer is achieved, whereby the adhesion of the metal layer is also improved. Advantageously, the metallic layer of the intermediate layer has a thickness of 10 to 60 nm.
Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass zwischen wasserführendem Körper und Metallschicht eine Schichtfolge aus organischer und metallischer Schicht angeordnet ist, wobei die organische Schicht an den wasserführenden Körper angrenzt. Die organische Schicht oder Primer, die mittels einer Lackiertechnik aufgebracht werden kann, dient als Eineb- nungsschicht. Je nach Grad der Oberflächenbearbeitung des wasserführenden Körpers weist dieser eine geschliffene, polierte oder gewollt strukturierte Oberfläche auf. Weiterhin dient die organische Schicht als Koppelschicht oder Haftvermittler zwischen wasserführendem Körper und Metallschicht. Die Zwischenschicht schafft dabei wiederum einen Ausgleich zwischen den unterschiedlichen mechanischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von wasserführendem Körper und Metallschicht oder Schichtsystem.An embodiment of the invention provides that a sequence of layers of organic and metallic layer is disposed between water-carrying body and metal layer, wherein the organic layer adjacent to the water-carrying body. The organic layer or primer, which can be applied by means of a coating technique, serves as a leveling layer. Depending on the degree of surface treatment of the water-carrying body, this has a ground, polished or intentionally structured surface. Furthermore, the organic layer serves as a coupling layer or adhesion promoter between water-carrying body and metal layer. The intermediate layer in turn creates a balance between the different mechanical and chemical properties of water-bearing body and metal layer or layer system.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht außerdem vor, dass als abschließende Schicht eine Deckschicht in Form einer anorganischen Schicht, weiteren organischen oder einer Schichtfolge aus einer anorganischen und einer organischen Schicht aufgebracht wird.A development of the invention also provides that a cover layer in the form of an inorganic layer, further organic or a layer sequence of an inorganic and an organic layer is applied as a final layer.
Vorteilhafterweise wird dabei als Deckschicht oder Teil einer Deckschicht auf der Metallschicht eine keramische Hartstoffschicht, vorzugsweise aus AISixOyNz, AIOxNy, AI2O3 oder SiO2, mittels PVD-Verfahrens aufgebracht. Diese Hartstoffschicht stellt eine Kratzschutzschicht auf der farbgebenden Metallschicht dar. Sie wirkt zudem als Barriereschicht oder Diffusionsschutzschicht, wodurch die chemische Beständigkeit der darunter liegenden Metallschicht erhöht wird. Diese Hartstoffschicht kann eine Schichtdicke von 10 bis 200 nm aufweisen.Advantageously, as the cover layer is or part of a cover layer on the metal layer, a ceramic hard material layer, preferably applied from AlSi x OyN z, AIO x Ny, Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 by means of PVD process. This hard material layer is a scratch-resistant layer on the coloring metal layer. It also acts as a barrier layer or diffusion protection layer, whereby the chemical resistance of the underlying Metal layer is increased. This hard material layer may have a layer thickness of 10 to 200 nm.
Gerade bei Sanitärgegenständen, die oftmals mit einem kennzeichnenden Logo oder einer Beschriftung versehen werden, ist es von Vorteil, wenn unterhalb der Deckschicht wenigstens in Teilbereichen eine Markierungsschicht vorgesehen ist. Diese Markierungsschicht kann eine Dekorschicht sein oder lediglich aus Symbolen oder Buchstaben bestehen, die zur Information dienen. Durch die abschließende transparente Deckschicht sind die dadurch möglichen Beschriftungen vor Abrieb durch Reinigungsmittel etc. geschützt.Especially with sanitary articles, which are often provided with a distinctive logo or a label, it is advantageous if below the cover layer at least in some areas a marking layer is provided. This marking layer may be a decorative layer or merely consist of symbols or letters which serve for information. By the final transparent cover layer the possible labels are protected from abrasion by cleaning agents, etc.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt in der Zeichnung dieAn embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. It shows in the drawing the
Figur 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine Handbrause mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Schichtaufbau.1 shows a cross section through a hand shower with a layer structure according to the invention.
Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Handbrause weist ein Grundmaterial oder Substrat aus Kunststoff auf. Wasserführung, Brausekopf und Griff sind einschalig, beispielsweise im Spritzgussverfahren, hergestellt. Auf der Oberfläche des wasserführenden Körpers ist eine Zwischenschicht oder Pufferschicht in Form einer Schichtfolge aus einer organischen Schicht 2 und einer metallischen Schicht 3 angeordnet. Darauf folgt eine Glanz- bzw. Metallschicht 4 aus einer Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Elementen aus der Gruppe Aluminium, Chrom, Zink, Silber, Titan, und Zirkon. Beispielsweise wurden mit einer Legierung aus Aluminium, Chrom und Silber und einer Legierung aus Aluminium, Chrom, Silber und Zirkon sehr gute Farbergebnisse und eine hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit erzielt. Außerdem wiesen diese Legierungen gegenüber dem Substrat sehr gute Ausgleichseigenschaften auf, so dass nach der Beschichtung keine Risse auftraten. Auf der Glanz- bzw. Metallschicht 4 ist eine Deckschicht in Form einer Schichtfolge aus einer anorganischen Schicht 5 und einer abschließenden organischen Schicht 6, einer so genannten Top Coat Lackierung, aufgebracht. Bei dieser Schichtfolge dient die anorganische Schicht 5 als Haftbrücke, da einige Metallschichten üblicherweise gegenüber Lackschichten schlechte Hafteigenschaften aufweisen. Während die Metallschicht 4 die Korrosionsbeständigkeit des beschichteten Gegenstandes gewährleisten soll, dient die Deckschicht der Erhöhung der Kratzfestigkeit. In Kombination mit der Metallschicht 4 wird durch die Deckschicht zudem die gewünschte Farbe des Gesamterscheinungsbildes des jeweiligen Gegenstandes erzeugt. Damit kann nicht nur die gewünschte ,Chromfarbe', die ansonsten nur durch galvanische Verfahren erzielt werden kann, sondern auch eine andere Farbgebung sowie Strukturen mit metallischer Anmutung, Mattierungen und Metallic-Effekte erzeugt werden. Insgesamt übernehmen die Deckschichten eine Schutzfunktion, sie sind kratzresistent, antikorrosiv, antihaftend und schmutzabweisend.The hand shower shown in Figure 1 has a base material or substrate made of plastic. Water supply, shower head and handle are single-shell, for example by injection molding. On the surface of the water-carrying body, an intermediate layer or buffer layer in the form of a layer sequence of an organic layer 2 and a metallic layer 3 is arranged. This is followed by a gloss or metal layer 4 of a compound of at least two elements from the group aluminum, chromium, zinc, silver, titanium, and zirconium. For example, with an alloy of aluminum, chromium and silver and an alloy of aluminum, chromium, silver and zirconium very good color results and high corrosion resistance were achieved. In addition, these alloys had very good leveling properties with respect to the substrate, so that no cracks occurred after the coating. On the gloss or metal layer 4 is a cover layer in the form of a layer sequence of an inorganic layer 5 and a final layer organic layer 6, a so-called top coat coating, applied. In this layer sequence, the inorganic layer 5 serves as a bonding layer, since some metal layers usually have poor adhesion properties to paint layers. While the metal layer 4 is to ensure the corrosion resistance of the coated article, the cover layer serves to increase the scratch resistance. In combination with the metal layer 4, the cover layer additionally produces the desired color of the overall appearance of the respective object. Not only can the desired 'chrome color', which can otherwise only be achieved by galvanic processes, be created, but also a different color scheme and structures with a metallic appearance, matting and metallic effects. Overall, the cover layers take on a protective function, they are scratch-resistant, anti-corrosive, non-sticky and dirt-repellent.
Für das Substrat des wasserführenden Körpers ist ein Kunststoff wählbar, der den gesetzlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich Trinkwasserqualität genügt. Für den erfindungsgemäßen Schichtaufbau ist keine besondere Kunststoffart notwendig. Da alle Schichten von außen aufgebracht werden können, bleibt die Innenseite der Handbrause unbeschichtet. Eine Berührung des Trinkwassers mit dem außenliegenden Schichtsystem bzw. ein Eintrag von löslichen Stoffen aus der Beschichtung in das durch den Sanitärgegenstand geführte Wasser findet nicht statt.For the substrate of the water-carrying body, a plastic is selected, which meets the legal requirements in terms of drinking water quality. For the layer structure according to the invention no special type of plastic is necessary. Since all layers can be applied from the outside, the inside of the hand shower remains uncoated. A contact of the drinking water with the outer layer system or an entry of soluble substances from the coating in the guided through the sanitary object water does not take place.
Auch die Haltbarkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Sanitärgegenstände wird durch die neuartige Beschichtung verlängert. Während es bei bekannten einschaligen galvanisierten Sanitärgegenständen oftmals zu Rissbildungen in der Oberfläche kommt, weil Kunststoff und Galvanikschicht unterschiedlich auf die thermische Belastung reagieren, kann es aufgrund der dünnen Beschichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Sanitärgegenstände nicht zu Schäden durch unterschiedliche Spannungen kommen. Die PVD-Schichten sind gegenüber dem Substrat des wasserführenden Körpers so dünn ausgeführt, dass keine Eigenspannungen innerhalb der Schicht auftreten. BezugszeichenlisteThe durability of the sanitary articles according to the invention is extended by the novel coating. While in the case of known single-shell galvanized sanitary articles, cracking in the surface often occurs because the plastic and the galvanic layer react differently to the thermal load, damage due to different stresses can not occur due to the thin coating of the sanitary articles according to the invention. The PVD layers are made so thin relative to the substrate of the water-bearing body that no residual stresses occur within the layer. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
wasserführender Körper, Substrat, Zwischenschicht - organische Schicht Zwischenschicht - metallische Schicht Metallschicht Deckschicht anorganische Schicht, Hartstoffschicht Deckschicht - organische Schicht Markierungsschicht water - bearing body, substrate, interlayer - organic layer interlayer - metallic layer metal layer cover layer inorganic layer, hard material layer covering layer - organic layer marking layer

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Sanitärgegenstand mit dekorativer Oberfläche, der im Wesentlichen einen Körper (1), bestehend aus Kunststoff oder Metall, insbesondere Messing, Zink oder Edelstahl und eine wenigstens teilweiseäußere Beschichtung aus einer Metallschicht (4) bestehend aus einer Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Elementen aus der folgenden Gruppe: Aluminium, Chrom, Zink, Silber, Titan, und Zirkon umfasst.A sanitary article having a decorative surface, comprising substantially a body (1) consisting of plastic or metal, in particular brass, zinc or stainless steel and an at least partially outer coating of a metal layer (4) consisting of a compound of at least two elements from the following Group: aluminum, chromium, zinc, silver, titanium, and zirconium.
2. Sanitärgegenstand nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht (4) transluzent oder semitransparent vorgesehen ist.2. Sanitary article according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal layer (4) is provided translucent or semitransparent.
3. Sanitärgegenstand nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht (4) eine Dicke von 15 bis 40 nm aufweist.3. Sanitary article according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal layer (4) has a thickness of 15 to 40 nm.
4. Sanitärgegenstand nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht (4) eine Dicke von 40 bis 150 nm aufweist.4. Sanitary article according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal layer (4) has a thickness of 40 to 150 nm.
5. Sanitärgegenstand nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Zwischenschicht (2, 3) zwischen Substrat (1) und Metallschicht (4) als organische Schicht (2), metallische Schicht (3) , metallische Schichtfolge oder eine Schichtfolge von wenigstens einer organischen und wenigstens einer metallischen Schicht angeordnet ist. 5. Sanitary article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an intermediate layer (2, 3) between the substrate (1) and metal layer (4) as an organic layer (2), metallic layer (3), metallic layer sequence or a layer sequence of at least an organic and at least one metallic layer is arranged.
6. Sanitärgegenstand nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die metallische Schicht (3) der Zwischenschicht (2, 3) aus einem Element oder einer Verbindung mehrerer Elemente aus der Gruppe Zirkonium, Titan, Chrom, Zinn und Zink vorgesehen ist.6. Sanitary article according to claim 5, characterized in that the metallic layer (3) of the intermediate layer (2, 3) is provided from an element or a compound of a plurality of elements from the group of zirconium, titanium, chromium, tin and zinc.
7. Sanitärgegenstand nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine organische Schicht (2) der Zwischenschicht angrenzend an den wasserführenden Körper (1) angeordnet ist.7. Sanitary article according to claim 5, characterized in that an organic layer (2) of the intermediate layer adjacent to the water-carrying body (1) is arranged.
8. Sanitärgegenstand nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Deckschicht (5, 6) als anorganische Schicht (5), metallische Schicht, als organische Schicht (6) oder als Schichtfolge von wenigstens einer anorganischen und einer organischen Schicht vorgesehen ist oder als Schichtfolge von wenigstens einer metallischen und einer organischen Schicht vorgesehen ist.8. Sanitary article according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cover layer (5, 6) as an inorganic layer (5), metallic layer, as an organic layer (6) or as a layer sequence of at least one inorganic and an organic layer is provided or is provided as a layer sequence of at least one metallic and one organic layer.
9. Sanitärgegenstand nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine anorganische Schicht (5) für die Deckschicht als transparente, keramische Hartstoffschicht aus AISixOyN2, AIOxNy, AI2O3 oder SiO2 vorgesehen ist.9. Sanitary article according to claim 8, characterized in that an inorganic layer (5) is provided for the cover layer as a transparent, ceramic hard material layer of AISi x OyN 2 , AIO x Ny, Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 .
10. Sanitärgegenstand nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb der Deckschicht eine in Teilbereichen angeordnete Markierungsschicht (7) vorgesehen ist.10. Sanitary article according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that below the cover layer arranged in partial areas marking layer (7) is provided.
11. Sanitärgegenstand nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die metallische Schicht (3) der Zwischenschicht (2, 3) eine Dicke von 10 bis 60 nm aufweist.11. Sanitary article according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the metallic layer (3) of the intermediate layer (2, 3) has a thickness of 10 to 60 nm.
12. Sanitärgegenstand nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die keramische Hartstoffschicht (5) der Deckschicht eine Dicke von 10 bis 200 nm aufweist. 12. Sanitary article according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the ceramic hard material layer (5) of the cover layer has a thickness of 10 to 200 nm.
13. Verfahren zu Herstellung von Sanitärgegenständen mit dekorativer Oberfläche durch Aufbringen einer fest haftenden Schicht auf einem Körper (1) aus Kunststoff oder Metall, insbesondere Edelstahl, Zink oder Messing, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf dem Körper (1) eine Metallschicht (4) aus einer Verbindung von wenigstens zwei Elementen aus der folgenden Gruppe von Elementen: Aluminium, Chrom, Zink, Silber, Titan, und Zirkon mittels physikalischer Gasphasenabscheidung (PVD) aufgebracht wird.13. A method for producing sanitary articles with a decorative surface by applying a firmly adhering layer on a body (1) made of plastic or metal, in particular stainless steel, zinc or brass, characterized in that on the body (1) comprises a metal layer (4) a compound of at least two elements from the following group of elements: aluminum, chromium, zinc, silver, titanium, and zirconium is applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD).
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor Aufbringen der Metallschicht (4) wenigstens eine organische Schicht (2), metallische Schicht (3), metallische Schichtfolge oder eine Schichtfolge von wenigstens einer organischen (2) und wenigstens einer metallischen Schicht (3) auf dem wasserführenden Körper (1) aufgebracht wird.14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that prior to application of the metal layer (4) at least one organic layer (2), metallic layer (3), metallic layer sequence or a layer sequence of at least one organic (2) and at least one metallic layer ( 3) is applied to the water-carrying body (1).
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Deckschicht (5, 6) in Form einer anorganischen Hartstoffschicht (5), einer weiteren organischen Schicht (6) oder einer Schichtfolge aus wenigstens einer anorganischen und einer organischen Schicht aufgebracht wird. 15. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 14, characterized in that a cover layer (5, 6) applied in the form of an inorganic hard material layer (5), a further organic layer (6) or a layer sequence of at least one inorganic and one organic layer becomes.
EP10732841A 2009-05-08 2010-05-07 Sanitary objects Withdrawn EP2427588A2 (en)

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US20120052321A1 (en) 2012-03-01

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