EP2426349B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2426349B1
EP2426349B1 EP11174533.7A EP11174533A EP2426349B1 EP 2426349 B1 EP2426349 B1 EP 2426349B1 EP 11174533 A EP11174533 A EP 11174533A EP 2426349 B1 EP2426349 B1 EP 2426349B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control chamber
nozzle needle
fuel injector
delay element
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11174533.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2426349A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Koeninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2426349A1 publication Critical patent/EP2426349A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2426349B1 publication Critical patent/EP2426349B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/001—Control chambers formed by movable sleeves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043—Two-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0045—Three-way valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for a fuel injection system, in particular a common rail injection system, for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1, such as from the documents EP 393590 or EP 582993 known.
  • Fuel injectors of the aforementioned type have an axially movable nozzle needle for controlling the injection process.
  • the nozzle needle is for this purpose in a high-pressure bore of a nozzle body for releasing or closing at least one injection opening guided in a liftable and limited with an end face formed within the high-pressure bore control chamber.
  • About switchable inlet and outlet throttles pressure build-up or pressure reduction is realized in the control room, which causes an opening or closing of the nozzle needle.
  • a fuel injector with a recorded in the control chamber stop member for adjusting the maximum stroke of the nozzle needle is known.
  • a hydraulic damping can also be effected, which is to prevent it from bouncing after passing through the maximum stroke of the nozzle needle.
  • the noise is reduced, on the other hand, the closing time can be set more precisely, since the state of the nozzle needle is known at the beginning of the closing movement.
  • the control chamber is divided by the stop element into an upper and a lower partial space, which are hydraulically connected via a central bore formed in the stop element and / or an annular gap surrounding the stop element. About the size of the central bore and / or the annular gap, the damping effect is adjustable.
  • a fuel injector is known with a arranged in the control chamber of the nozzle needle movable element, wherein the element has a spherical surface.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a fuel injector of the type mentioned with improved Kleinstmengengive.
  • the fuel injector should be simple and inexpensive to produce.
  • the proposed fuel injector has a nozzle needle, which is guided in a high-pressure bore of a nozzle body for releasing or closing at least one injection opening in a liftable manner. Further, the fuel injector has a control chamber which is axially bounded by the nozzle needle or a translating piston cooperating with the nozzle needle and can be connected to a low-pressure region for relief via a drainage channel. According to the invention a movable, axially biased delay element for forming a throttle between a first control chamber portion and a second control chamber portion is added in the control room. Also in the case of the fuel injector according to the invention, the control chamber is accordingly subdivided into two hydraulically connected sections via an additional element.
  • the hydraulic connection of the two sections preferably takes place via a remaining annular gap between the retardation element and an inner circumferential surface radially delimiting the control chamber.
  • the size of the annular gap is chosen such that the outflow of the fuel from the first control chamber section is throttled into the second control chamber section. In this case, a defined initial position and consequently a defined throttle effect on the volume ratio of the two control chamber sections is ensured via the axial bias of the delay element.
  • the delay element is spherically shaped. In contact with the nozzle needle, the booster piston and / or the housing part thus remains serving as a first control room section and second control chamber section pressure chamber. The applied to the nozzle needle, the booster piston and / or the housing part surface is thus reduced to a minimum.
  • a spring element is received in the control chamber for the axial bias of the delay element.
  • the spring element may for example be a coil spring, a plate spring or a corrugated spring. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the delay element is at least partially elastically deformable. The axial bias of the delay element can accordingly Also caused or at least supported by an at least partially elastic deformation of the delay element.
  • the spring element is supported on the nozzle needle or on the booster piston or on a housing part of the fuel injector.
  • the spring element can thus be arranged both in the first control chamber section and in the second control chamber section.
  • the arrangement of the spring element proves in the second control chamber section, if that for supporting the spring element provided housing part, for example, is a throttle plate and there is a cover of the formed in the throttle plate drainage channel or outlet throttle is to be prevented.
  • the delay element could block the inflow or outflow of fuel.
  • control chamber is bounded in the radial direction by a sleeve inserted into the high-pressure bore.
  • the sleeve may for example serve as a sealing sleeve and be biased by a spring in the axial direction against the throttle plate.
  • the delay element and / or the spring element can be used to adjust the stroke of the nozzle needle.
  • the delay element thus serves at the same time as a stop element, since it limits the stroke of the nozzle needle in the axial direction.
  • the spring force of the spring element can be adjusted such that, alternatively or additionally, a stroke adjustment via the spring element can be effected.
  • the invention can be used to improve the minimum quantity capability, in particular in the case of fuel injectors with a large valve chamber volume and / or with a seat hole nozzle.
  • the invention can be used in all known injector concepts.
  • the delay element accommodated in the control chamber throttles the outflow of the fuel so that the pressure reduction and thus the opening of the nozzle needle is delayed.
  • the adjustment of the throttling effect takes place via the size of the between the delay element and the Control chamber radially limiting inner peripheral surface remaining throttle gap.
  • the delay of the Nadelö Anlagenmaschine Anlagenсти can be further set by setting the following parameters: volume ratio of the two control chamber sections, axial biasing force of the delay element, hydraulic design of the drain and / or the inlet throttle and / or needle seat diameter.
  • a first embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention is the Fig. 1 a and 1 b, where the Fig. 1b a section of the Fig. 1 a in the area of the control room 5 shows (see dashed line).
  • the in the Fig. 1a and 1b shown fuel injector comprises a nozzle body 3 with a high-pressure bore 2, in which a nozzle needle 1 for releasing and closing at least one injection port 4 is received in a liftable manner.
  • the nozzle change 1 bounded in the axial direction of a control chamber 5, which is also formed in the high-pressure bore 2 and which is connected to the discharge via a drain passage 6 with a low pressure region 7.
  • the drain channel 6 is formed in a housing part 11 which limits the control chamber 5 in the axial direction.
  • the housing part 11 has an opening into the control chamber 5 inlet channel 13, passes through the fuel into the control chamber 5.
  • a spherical retardation element 8 is arranged in the control chamber 5, which is biased by the spring force of a spring element 10 in the form of a supported on the housing part 11 helical compression spring, axially against the nozzle needle 1. Due to the spherical shape of the delay element 8, a first control chamber section 5. 1 is formed between the ball and the nozzle needle 1, which is connected via a throttle 9 serving as an annular gap between the ball and the high pressure bore 2 in hydraulic communication with a second control chamber section 5.2.
  • the throttle 9 causes that at a pressure drop in the second control chamber section 5.2, the pressure drop in the first control chamber section 5.1 occurs only with delay, so that the opening stroke of the nozzle needle 1 is also delayed.
  • the injection process begins, wherein fuel under high pressure is injected via the at least one injection opening 4 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel is supplied to the at least one injection port 4 via a fuel supply 14 and the high-pressure bore 2.
  • Fig. 2a and 2b illustrated further embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention differs from that of Fig. 1a and 1b merely in that the combustion chamber facing away from the end of the nozzle needle 1 is guided in a sleeve 12 which bears sealingly on the housing part 11 and thus the control chamber 5 radially limited.
  • the sleeve 12 is biased by the spring force of a spring 15 axially against the housing part 11.
  • the spring 15 is supported on the one hand on a radial shoulder of the nozzle needle 1 and on the other hand on an end face of the sleeve 12.
  • the operation corresponds to that of the embodiment of Fig. 1a and 1b , which is why in connection with the description of the Fig. 1a and 1b referenced statements.
  • Fig. 3 From the diagram of Fig. 3 can be the time-delayed opening stroke of the nozzle needle 1 read clearly.
  • the time is plotted on the x-axis, while is plotted on the y-axis of the stroke of the nozzle needle 1 and the delay element 8 in conjunction with the pressure drop or Duck rise in the two control space sections 5.1 and 5.2.
  • the curve b) shows the pressure drop or increase over time in the second control chamber section 5.2, which is connectable via the drain channel 6 with the low pressure region 7.
  • the curve a) shows the contrast, delayed pressure drop in the first control chamber section 5.1, which is bounded by the nozzle needle 1 and the delay element 8. Similarly, the opening stroke of the nozzle needle 1 is delayed (see curve c).
  • the needle opens when there is equilibrium between the needle seating force and the pressure force in the first control chamber 5.1.
  • the needle opening is preceded by an "opening" of the delay element 8, when the pressure difference in both control space sections 5.1 and 5.2 corresponds to the axial biasing force of the delay element 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour un système d'injection de carburant, en particulier un système d'injection à rampe commune, comprenant une aiguille d'injecteur (1) qui est guidée de manière à pouvoir effectuer un mouvement de va-et-vient dans un alésage haute pression (2) d'un corps d'injecteur (3) pour libérer ou fermer au moins une ouverture d'injection (4), l'aiguille d'injecteur (1) ou un piston multiplicateur coopérant avec l'aiguille d'injecteur (1) délimitant axialement un espace de commande (5) qui peut être relié à une région basse pression (7) par le biais d'un canal de sortie (6) en vue de la détente, un élément de retardement (8) mobile et précontraint axialement étant reçu dans l'espace de commande (5) pour réaliser un étranglement (9) entre une première portion d'espace de commande (5.1) et une deuxième portion d'espace de commande (5.2), caractérisé en ce que l'élément de retardement (8) est sphérique, de sorte que, lors de l'appui contre l'aiguille d'injecteur (1) ou le piston multiplicateur d'un côté et/ou la partie de boîtier (11) de l'autre côté, il demeure un espace de pression servant de première portion d'espace de commande (5.1) et de deuxième portion d'espace de commande (5.2).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour la précontrainte axiale de l'élément de retardement (8), un élément de ressort (10) est reçu dans l'espace de commande (5) et/ou l'élément de retardement (8) est réalisé de manière au moins partiellement déformable élastiquement.
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de ressort (10) est supporté sur l'aiguille d'injecteur (1) ou sur le piston multiplicateur ou sur une partie de boîtier (11) de l'injecteur de carburant.
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'espace de commande (5) est délimité dans la direction radiale par une douille (12) insérée dans l'alésage haute pression (2).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de retardement (8) et/ou l'élément de ressort (10) peu(ven)t être utilisé(s) pour régler la course de l'aiguille d'injecteur (1).
EP11174533.7A 2010-09-07 2011-07-19 Injecteur de carburant Not-in-force EP2426349B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010040316A DE102010040316A1 (de) 2010-09-07 2010-09-07 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2426349A1 EP2426349A1 (fr) 2012-03-07
EP2426349B1 true EP2426349B1 (fr) 2015-07-01

Family

ID=44582249

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11174533.7A Not-in-force EP2426349B1 (fr) 2010-09-07 2011-07-19 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2426349B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010040316A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013002969B3 (de) * 2013-02-22 2014-05-22 L'orange Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2275665A1 (fr) * 2009-06-02 2011-01-19 Denso Corporation Dispositif d'injection de carburant

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5156132A (en) * 1989-04-17 1992-10-20 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Fuel injection device for diesel engines
JPH0666219A (ja) * 1992-08-11 1994-03-08 Nippondenso Co Ltd ディーゼル機関用燃料噴射装置
JP3804421B2 (ja) * 2000-09-06 2006-08-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料噴射装置
DE10164123A1 (de) 2001-12-24 2003-01-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung
DE102004005451A1 (de) * 2004-02-04 2005-08-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102005027853A1 (de) 2005-06-16 2006-12-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102008002522A1 (de) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2275665A1 (fr) * 2009-06-02 2011-01-19 Denso Corporation Dispositif d'injection de carburant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010040316A1 (de) 2012-03-08
EP2426349A1 (fr) 2012-03-07

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