EP2410280A1 - Method and device for protecting vehicles - Google Patents

Method and device for protecting vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2410280A1
EP2410280A1 EP11005821A EP11005821A EP2410280A1 EP 2410280 A1 EP2410280 A1 EP 2410280A1 EP 11005821 A EP11005821 A EP 11005821A EP 11005821 A EP11005821 A EP 11005821A EP 2410280 A1 EP2410280 A1 EP 2410280A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
early warning
missile
sensor
early
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EP11005821A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernd Gundel
Stefan Katzenbeißer
Klaus Dr. Schlüter
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Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
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Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G5/00—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns
    • F41G5/08—Ground-based tracking-systems for aerial targets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/145—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device according to the respective
  • the generic object protection measures are from the DE 100 24 320 A1 , as today known as Active Vehicle Protection System, bekant. Thereafter, a defensive grenade against a - one, in particular moving, object approaching - missile from at least one object fixed installed, fired in azimuth and elevation extremely fast launcher and fired so ignited that the missile due to sensor or structure damage by splintering or blast effect still in safe distance from the object is rendered harmless.
  • the target tracking of the launcher is provided by a high resolution tracking Doppler radar which receives its targeting from an object-fixed space sensing surveillance sensor (eg, a panic with a panic antenna of a modular planar antenna) and thus targeting, simultaneously with the target tracking radar, the directional axis of the launcher out of its ready position pivoted into the space segment in question.
  • an object-fixed space sensing surveillance sensor eg, a panic with a panic antenna of a modular planar antenna
  • the monitoring sensor - be it a radar system or an infrared camera system - is only effective if there is already a visual link between the endangered object and the attacking missile at a correspondingly short remaining threat distance; which is particularly explosive for low-flying missiles, and for operations in environments that offer potential attackers good cover at short threat intervals, such as in rocky terrain and especially when driving through urban areas.
  • the present invention is based on the technical problem to achieve a still further reduced reaction time to the firing of the defense grenade.
  • the monitoring phase for instructing the target tracking phase is preceded by an early warning phase, which can be realized with at least one low-cost passive, direction-independent infrared sensor. He is therefore not used for tracking purposes, but he speaks in particular to the typical launching signature of the attacking missile, as it is characterized by the expanding gas cloud after the ignition of a missile start engine.
  • the monitoring sensor is already activated by the early-warning sensor before it can contact the attacker, for example because of the environment, which correspondingly shortens the time until the direction-finding of the target-tracking radar.
  • a plurality of such early warning sensors are expediently installed on the object. Due to backward shadowing, this leads to a certain azimuth assignment of the early-warning sensors, which can be further specified by array arrangements or simply by shields. Thus, when one of these early warning sensors responds, the monitoring sensor of a thrower can already be pre-oriented in the affected sector and thereby capture the attacking missile earlier, even further away from the object to be secured.
  • the IR early warning sensor does not need to have all-around characteristics. Especially since the two operated on the side flanks of the mobile object throwers are directed querabumble anyway in their standby positions with their target tracking radar, it is sufficient in principle to install the passive infrared ceremonieswamfunktion the object once in the direction of forward and opposite backwards, to align at least one of the launcher in response to one of these two oppositely oriented early warning sensors right after the current threat. This leads to a gain in time for the timely response especially at very short threat distance; the effective minimum control distance is thus shortened, thereby increasing the protective function in terms of its utility value.
  • the false alarm rate can be kept low if, according to a development of the invention, this early warning phase is not constantly in operation, but is automatically preceded only in certain risk situations of the monitoring phase for targeting the target tracking.
  • Such critical risk situations which offer potential attackers good cover at short threat intervals, are in particular crossing rocky terrain or urban areas, ie situations in which a structure suitable for covering the attacker is at a distance closer than typically 30 meters; which can be determined by occasional range-sensing of the current object environment using one of the radar systems; but also by means of one of the infrared systems, namely by a surface-resolution image processing.
  • a solid wall or rock structure less than 30 meters away would lead to the advance of the early-morning phase.
  • a slender or low surface structure such as a thin log or a small garbage bin would be disregarded as hazardous. Because of sufficient reaction time for the straightening of the thrower with larger clearances in the object environment, the monitoring phase remains active in the last-mentioned constellation without an upstream early warning phase.
  • the sketched object 11 is an armored vehicle like a main battle tank. It is equipped with several passive IR early warning sensors 12. The have an all-round characteristic, but due to shading of structures 13 and / or shields 14 certain coarse defined azimuthal sectors 15 assigned. Two launcher 16 are oppositely oriented on the two flanks of the object 11 querab to its longitudinal and direction of travel; no early warning sensors are aligned in these sectors.
  • the object-fixed monitoring sensor 18 - such as a radar array or an infrared camera - is activated and oriented with its radiation in approximately this direction, then the goal-resistant Target tracking radar 19 of one of the launcher 16 - and thus also its firing direction 20 - the approach direction to counteract 21 and the offensive missile 17a a defense grenade (not shown)
  • the object-fixed monitoring sensor 18 - such as a radar array or an infrared camera - is activated and oriented with its radiation in approximately this direction, then the goal-resistant Target tracking radar 19 of one of the launcher 16 - and thus also its firing direction 20 - the approach direction to counteract 21 and the offensive missile 17a a defense grenade (not shown) Brightonzuseuern.
  • the reaction time for the defense of a missile 11 approaching a missile 17 by a defensive grenade, which is launched by a object-fixed high-dynamic launcher 16, so according to the invention can be further reduced by the monitoring phase for instructing the launcher 16 with its target tracking radar 19 preceded by an early warning phase is in which a passive IR sensor 12 about the ignition of the starting motor of the missile 17 already responds before the ever is detected by the monitoring sensor 18.
  • This early warning phase is switched on in particular if, in the vicinity of the object 11, good cover possibilities are provided at short threat intervals, such as when driving through an urban environment or rocky terrain. In a sector 15, which is already detected by the launcher 16 in its standby position, no early warning sensor 12 needs to be oriented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves connecting an earlier warning phase for activating a monitoring phase upstream to the monitoring phase. Infrared radiation emitted by missiles (17a, 17b) during ignition of a start motor is sensed in the earlier warning phase. The warning phase is activated when detection possibilities are fixed within short imminence distances in an adjacent environment of an object (11). Infrared-earlier warning sensors (12) are associated to determined azimuth sectors (15) around the object, where the sensors are not detected by erectors (16) in a ready position. An independent claim is also included for a device for protecting objects against an approaching missile by a defense grenade.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren bzw. eine Einrichtung gemäß dem jeweiligenThe invention relates to a method and a device according to the respective Oberbegriff der beiden Hauptansprüche.Generic term of the two main claims.

Die gattungsbildenden Objektschutz-Maßnahmen sind aus der DE 100 24 320 A1 , als heute so genanntes Active VEhicle Protection System, bekant. Danach wird eine Abwehrgranate gegen einen - ein, insbesondere bewegliches, Objekt anfliegenden - Flugkörper aus wenigstens einem objektfest installierten, in Azimut und Elevation extrem schnell richtbaren Werfer abgefeuert und so gezündet, dass der Flugkörper infolge Sensor- oder Strukturbeschädigung durch Splitter- oder Blastwirkung noch in sicherer Entfernung vom Objekt unschädlich gemacht wird. Dem Zielnachführen des Werfers dient ein werferfestes hochauflösendes Zielverfolgungs-Dopplerradar, das seine Zieleinweisung von einem objektfesten raumabtastenden Überwachungssensor (beispielsweise einem Radar mit der Schwenkcharakteristik einer modularen Planarantenne) erfährt und somit bei Zielauffassung, zugleich mit dem Zielverfolgungsradar, die Richtachse des Werfers aus seiner Bereitschaftsstellung heraus in das fragliche Raumsegment verschwenkt.The generic object protection measures are from the DE 100 24 320 A1 , as today known as Active Vehicle Protection System, bekant. Thereafter, a defensive grenade against a - one, in particular moving, object approaching - missile from at least one object fixed installed, fired in azimuth and elevation extremely fast launcher and fired so ignited that the missile due to sensor or structure damage by splintering or blast effect still in safe distance from the object is rendered harmless. The target tracking of the launcher is provided by a high resolution tracking Doppler radar which receives its targeting from an object-fixed space sensing surveillance sensor (eg, a panic with a panic antenna of a modular planar antenna) and thus targeting, simultaneously with the target tracking radar, the directional axis of the launcher out of its ready position pivoted into the space segment in question.

Dieses extrem schnell, im Millisekundenbereich reagierende Objektschutz-System hat sich an Bord von gepanzerten Fahrzeugen bewährt. Für Belange der Praxis ist allerdings bedeutsam, dass der Überwachungssensor - sei er nun ein Radarsystem oder ein Infrarotkamerasystem - erst wirksam ist, wenn bei entsprechend kurzem verbliebenem Bedrohungsabstand bereits Sichtverbindung vom gefährdeten Objekt zum angreifenden Flugkörper besteht; was besonders brisant bei tief anfliegenden Flugkörpern ist, und bei Operationen in Umgebungen, die potentiellen Angreifern gute Deckungsmöglichkeiten bei kurzen Bedrohungsabständen bieten, wie in felsigem Gelände und insbesondere beim Durchfahren urbaner Zonen.This extremely fast, in the millisecond range responsive object protection system has proven itself on board armored vehicles. However, for practical purposes, it is important that the monitoring sensor - be it a radar system or an infrared camera system - is only effective if there is already a visual link between the endangered object and the attacking missile at a correspondingly short remaining threat distance; which is particularly explosive for low-flying missiles, and for operations in environments that offer potential attackers good cover at short threat intervals, such as in rocky terrain and especially when driving through urban areas.

In Erkenntnis solcher Gegebenheiten liegt vorliegender Erfindung die technische Problemstellung zugrunde, eine noch weiter verkürzte Reaktionszeit bis zum Abfeuern der Abwehrgranate zu erreichen.In recognition of such circumstances, the present invention is based on the technical problem to achieve a still further reduced reaction time to the firing of the defense grenade.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß nach den in den beiden Hauptansprüchen angegebenen wesentlichen Merkmalen gelöst. Danach wird der Überwachungsphase zum Einweisen der Zielverfolgungsphase noch eine Frühwarnphase vorgeschaltet, die mit wenigstens einem preiswert verfügbaren da passiv, richtungsunabhängig arbeitenden Infrarotsensor realisierbar ist. Der wird also nicht zur Zielverfolgung (Tracking) eingesetzt, sondern er spricht insbesondere auf die typische Abschuss-Signatur des angreifenden Flugkörpers an, wie sie durch die expandierende Gaswolke nach dem Zünden eines Flugkörper-Startmotors geprägt ist. So wird nun schon durch den Frühwarnsensor der Überwachungssensor aktiviert, noch ehe er - etwa umgebungsbedingt - Kontakt zum Angreifer aufnehmen kann, was die Zeitspanne bis zur Richtungseinweisung des Zielverfolgungsradars entsprechend verkürzt.This object is achieved according to the essential features specified in the two main claims. Thereafter, the monitoring phase for instructing the target tracking phase is preceded by an early warning phase, which can be realized with at least one low-cost passive, direction-independent infrared sensor. He is therefore not used for tracking purposes, but he speaks in particular to the typical launching signature of the attacking missile, as it is characterized by the expanding gas cloud after the ignition of a missile start engine. Thus, the monitoring sensor is already activated by the early-warning sensor before it can contact the attacker, for example because of the environment, which correspondingly shortens the time until the direction-finding of the target-tracking radar.

Um hinsichtlich der Rundum-Ansprechcharakteristik eines solchen IR-Sensors Abschattungen und Totbereiche durch Aufbauten zu vermeiden, sind zweckmäßigerweise mehrere derartige Frühwarnsensoren auf dem Objekt installiert. Infolge rückwärtiger Abschattungen führt das zu einer gewissen Azimutzuordnung der Frühwarnsensoren, die durch Array-Anordnungen oder einfach durch Abschirmungen noch präzisiert werden kann. So kann bei Ansprechen eines dieser Frühwarnsensoren der Überwachungssensor eines Werfers bereits in den betroffenen Sektor vororientiert werden und dadurch den angreifenden Flugkörper früher, in noch größerem Abstand zum zu sichernden Objekt, erfassen.In order to avoid shadowing and dead zones due to structures with regard to the all-round response characteristic of such an IR sensor, a plurality of such early warning sensors are expediently installed on the object. Due to backward shadowing, this leads to a certain azimuth assignment of the early-warning sensors, which can be further specified by array arrangements or simply by shields. Thus, when one of these early warning sensors responds, the monitoring sensor of a thrower can already be pre-oriented in the affected sector and thereby capture the attacking missile earlier, even further away from the object to be secured.

Der IR-Frühwarnsensor braucht also keine Rundum-Charakteristik aufzuweisen. Zumal die beiden an den seitlichen Flanken des fahrbaren Objektes betriebenen Werfer ohnehin in ihren Bereitschaftsstellungen mit ihrem Zielverfolgungsradar querab seitwärts gerichtet sind, genügt es im Prinzip, die passive Infrarot-Frühwamfunktion am Objekt je einmal in Fahrtrichtung nach vorne und entgegengesetzt nach rückwärts gerichtet zu installieren, um wenigstens einen der Werfer bei Ansprechen eines dieser beiden gegensinnig orientierten Frühwarnsensoren schon gleich nach der aktuellen Bedrohung auszurichten. Das führt zu einem Zeitgewinn für die rechtzeitige Reaktion insbesondere auch noch bei sehr kurzem Bedrohungsabstand; der effektive minimale Bekämpfungsabstand wird also verkürzt und dadurch die Schutzfunktion in ihrem Nutzwert gesteigert.The IR early warning sensor does not need to have all-around characteristics. Especially since the two operated on the side flanks of the mobile object throwers are directed querabwärts anyway in their standby positions with their target tracking radar, it is sufficient in principle to install the passive infrared Frühwamfunktion the object once in the direction of forward and opposite backwards, to align at least one of the launcher in response to one of these two oppositely oriented early warning sensors right after the current threat. This leads to a gain in time for the timely response especially at very short threat distance; the effective minimum control distance is thus shortened, thereby increasing the protective function in terms of its utility value.

Von Vorteil ist darüber hinaus, dass die Eigenverratsgefahr reduziert wird, wenn die aktiven Radarsysteme für die Grobeinweisung des Werfers durch ein Überwachungsradar und dann für das Zieltracking zum Ausrichten des Werfers erst nach der Weckfunktion des Ansprechens des Frühwarnsensors und dadurch möglichst spät zugeschaltet werden.It is also advantageous that the risk of self-attribution is reduced if the active radar systems for the coarse pitch of the launcher are switched on by a surveillance radar and then for target tracking to align the launcher only after the wake-up function of the response of the early warning sensor and thereby as late as possible.

Das häufige rasche Einschwenken des Werfers in eine vom Frühwarnsensor gelieferte grobe Zielrichtung, dem im Falle eines durch den Überwachungssensor oder durch das Zielverfolgungs-Dopplerradar dann festgestellten Fehlalarmes unmittelbar darauf ein ebenso stark beschleunigtes Zurückschwenken in die Bereitschaftsstellung folgt, bedingt trotz der hohen Dynamik eine gewisse schaltungstechnisch und kinetisch bedingte Rüstzeit bis zur nächsten Zielauffassung; ganz abgesehen von der erheblichen mechanischen Strukturbelastung durch die hochbeschleunigten Massen.The frequent rapid swiveling of the thrower into a coarse sighting direction provided by the early warning sensor, which is followed immediately by an equally alarmed swinging back to the ready position in the event of a false alarm detected by the monitoring sensor or by the target tracking Doppler radar, requires a certain amount of circuitry despite the high dynamics and kinetic set-up time until the next target conception; quite apart from the considerable mechanical structure load caused by the highly accelerated masses.

Die Falschalarmrate kann gering gehalten werden, wenn gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung diese Frühwarnphase nicht ständig in Betrieb ist, sondern nur in bestimmten Risikosituationen der Überwachungsphase zur Zieleinweisung für die Zielverfolgung automatisch vorgeschaltet wird. Solche kritischen Risikosituationen, die potentiellen Angreifern gute Deckungsmöglichkeiten bei kurzen Bedrohungsabständen bieten, sind insbesondere das Durchqueren felsigen Geländes oder urbaner Zonen, also Situationen, bei denen sich eine zur Deckung des Angreifers geeignete Struktur in geringerer Entfernung als typisch 30 Metern befindet; was durch gelegentliches entfernungsmessendes Abtasten der aktuellen Objekt-Umgebung mittels eines der Radarsysteme festgestellt werden kann; aber auch mittels eines der Infrarotsysteme, nämlich durch eine Flächenauflösungs-Bildverarbeitung. Eine weniger als 30 Meter entfernte massive Mauer oder Felsstruktur würde zum Vorschalten der Frühalarmphase führen. Eine schlanke oder niedrige Flächenstruktur wie von einem dünnen Baumstamm oder von einer kleinen Mülltonne würde als gefährdungsunkritisch unbeachtet bleiben. Wegen ausreichender Reaktionszeit für das Richten des Werfers bei größeren Freiräumen in der Objektumgebung bleibt bei letztgenannter Konstellation die Überwachungsphase ohne vorgeschaltete Frühwarnphase aktiv.The false alarm rate can be kept low if, according to a development of the invention, this early warning phase is not constantly in operation, but is automatically preceded only in certain risk situations of the monitoring phase for targeting the target tracking. Such critical risk situations, which offer potential attackers good cover at short threat intervals, are in particular crossing rocky terrain or urban areas, ie situations in which a structure suitable for covering the attacker is at a distance closer than typically 30 meters; which can be determined by occasional range-sensing of the current object environment using one of the radar systems; but also by means of one of the infrared systems, namely by a surface-resolution image processing. A solid wall or rock structure less than 30 meters away would lead to the advance of the early-morning phase. A slender or low surface structure such as a thin log or a small garbage bin would be disregarded as hazardous. Because of sufficient reaction time for the straightening of the thrower with larger clearances in the object environment, the monitoring phase remains active in the last-mentioned constellation without an upstream early warning phase.

Zu näherer Veranschaulichung der Erfindung wird nachstehend ein auf das Funktionswesentliche verallgemeinertes, nicht maßstabsgerecht verkleinert skizziertes Realisierungsbeispiel für eine solche Objektschutz-Einrichtung beschrieben. Die einzige Figur der Zeichnung stellt die Draufsicht auf ein mit mehreren IR-Frühwarnsensoren bestücktes Objekt dar.For a more detailed illustration of the invention, a realization example for such an object protection device, which is generalized to the functional essentials and not scaled down to scale, will be described below. The sole figure of the drawing represents the top view of an object equipped with a plurality of IR early-warning sensors.

Beim skizzierten Objekt 11 handelt es sich um ein gepanzertes Fahrzeug wie einen Kampfpanzer. Der ist mit mehreren passiven IR-Frühwarnsensoren 12 bestückt. Die weisen an sich eine Rundum-Charakteristik auf, sind aber infolge Abschattungen von Aufbauten 13 und/oder Abschirmungen 14 bestimmten grob definierten azimutalen Sektoren 15 zugeordnet. Zwei Werfer 16 sind einander entgegengesetzt an den beiden Flanken des Objektes 11 querab zu dessen Längs- und Fahrtrichtung orientiert; in diese Sektoren sind keine Frühwarnsensoren ausgerichtet.The sketched object 11 is an armored vehicle like a main battle tank. It is equipped with several passive IR early warning sensors 12. The have an all-round characteristic, but due to shading of structures 13 and / or shields 14 certain coarse defined azimuthal sectors 15 assigned. Two launcher 16 are oppositely oriented on the two flanks of the object 11 querab to its longitudinal and direction of travel; no early warning sensors are aligned in these sectors.

Wenn die grobe Richtung zum Startort eines das Objekt 11 bedrohenden Flugkörpers 17a von einem Frühwarnsensor 12 erfasst ist, wird der objektfeste Überwachungssensor 18 - etwa ein Radararray oder eine Infrarotkamera - aktiviert und mit seiner Abstrahlung in etwa diese Richtung orientiert, um dann nach Zielauffassung das werferfeste Zielverfolgungsradar 19 eines der Werfer 16 - und somit auch seine Abschussrichtung 20 - der Anflugrichtung 21 entgegen zu schwenken und dem angreifenden Flugkörper 17a eine Abwehrgranate (nicht dargestellt) entgegenzufeuern.When the rough direction to the starting location of a missile 17a threatening the object 11 is detected by an early warning sensor 12, the object-fixed monitoring sensor 18 - such as a radar array or an infrared camera - is activated and oriented with its radiation in approximately this direction, then the goal-resistant Target tracking radar 19 of one of the launcher 16 - and thus also its firing direction 20 - the approach direction to counteract 21 and the offensive missile 17a a defense grenade (not shown) entgegenzuseuern.

Wenn dagegen der Flugkörper 17b sich in einem Sektor nähert, in den ohnehin schon der Werfer 16 in seiner Bereitschaftsstellung orientiert ist, tritt bei der skizzierten Ausstattung des Objektes 11 kein Frühwarnsensor 12 zuvor in Aktion, es erfolgt durch den Überwachungssensor 18 unverzüglich die Ausrichtung des Werfers 16 mit seinem Zielverfolgungsradar 19 auf den Flugkörper 17b, ohne zuvor einen Frühwarnsensor zu aktivieren.If, on the other hand, the missile 17b is approaching a sector in which the pitcher 16 is already oriented in its standby position, no early warning sensor 12 will be activated in the outlined equipment of the object 11; the direction of the thrower will be promptly adjusted by the monitoring sensor 18 16 with its tracking antenna 19 on the missile 17b, without first activating an early warning sensor.

Die Reaktionszeit für die Abwehr eines ein geschütztes Objekt 11 anfliegenden Flugkörpers 17 durch eine Abwehrgranate, die von einem objektfesten hochdynamischen Werfer 16 abgeschossen wird, kann also erfindungsgemäß noch weiter verringert werden, indem der Überwachungsphase zum Einweisen des Werfers 16 mit seinem Zielverfolgungsradar 19 eine Frühwarnphase vorgeschaltet wird, in der ein passiver IR-Sensor 12 etwa auf das Zünden des Startmotors des Flugkörpers 17 schon anspricht, ehe der überhaupt vom Überwachungssensor 18 erfasst wird. Diese Frühwarnphase wird insbesondere zugeschaltet, wenn in der näheren Umgebung des Objektes 11 gute Deckungsmöglichkeiten bei kurzen Bedrohungsabständen, wie bei Fahrt durch urbane Umgebung oder felsiges Gelände, gegeben sind. In einen Sektor 15, der vom Werfer 16 schon in seiner Bereitschaftsstellung erfasst ist, braucht kein Frühwarnsensor 12 orientiert zu werden.The reaction time for the defense of a missile 11 approaching a missile 17 by a defensive grenade, which is launched by a object-fixed high-dynamic launcher 16, so according to the invention can be further reduced by the monitoring phase for instructing the launcher 16 with its target tracking radar 19 preceded by an early warning phase is in which a passive IR sensor 12 about the ignition of the starting motor of the missile 17 already responds before the ever is detected by the monitoring sensor 18. This early warning phase is switched on in particular if, in the vicinity of the object 11, good cover possibilities are provided at short threat intervals, such as when driving through an urban environment or rocky terrain. In a sector 15, which is already detected by the launcher 16 in its standby position, no early warning sensor 12 needs to be oriented.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1111
Objektobject
1212
Frühwarn-Sensoren (an 11, zum Aktivieren von 18)Early warning sensors (at 11, to enable 18)
1313
Aufbauten (von 11)Constructions (of 11)
1414
Abschirmungen (für 12)Shielding (for 12)
1515
Sektoren (gemäß 12)Sectors (according to 12)
1616
Werfer (auf 11)Thrower (on 11)
1717
Flugkörper (gegen 11)Missile (around 11)
1818
Überwachungssensor (zum Ausrichten von 19 = 16/20)Monitor sensor (to align 19 = 16/20)
1919
Zielverfolgungsradar (zum Anvisieren von 17)Target tracking radar (to target 17)
2020
Abschussrichtung (von 16)Launch direction (from 16)
2121
Anflugrichtung (von 17)Approach direction (from 17)

Claims (10)

Verfahren zum Schützen eines Objektes (11) gegen einen anfliegenden Flugkörper (17) mittels einer Abwehrgranate, die dem Flugkörper (17) aus einem Werfer (16), nach einer Überwachungsphase zum Einweisen einer Zielverfolgungsphase, entgegengefeuert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Überwachungsphase eine Frühwarnphase zum Aktivieren der Überwachungsphase vorgeschaltet wird.A method for protecting an object (11) against an approaching missile (17) by means of a defensive grenade, which is fired from a launcher (16) by the missile (16) after a surveillance phase to establish a target tracking phase, characterized in that the surveillance phase comprises a Early warning phase is preceded to activate the monitoring phase. Verfahren nach dem vorangehenden Anspruch,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass in der Frühwarnphase eine vom Flugkörper (17), insbesondere beim Zünden seines Startmotors, ausgehende Infrarotstrahlung sensiert wird.Method according to the preceding claim,
characterized,
that in the early-warning phase, from the missile (17), in particular during ignition of its starting motor outgoing infrared radiation is sensed. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Frühwarnphase erst aktiviert wird, wenn in der näheren Umgebung des Objektes (11) gute Deckungsmöglichkeiten bei kurzen Bedrohungsabständen festgestellt werden.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the early warning phase is activated only when in the vicinity of the object (11) good coverage at short threat intervals are detected. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass Frühwarnsensoren (12) bestimmte Azimut-Sektoren (15) um das Objekt (11) herum zugeordnet werden, die nicht von einem Werfer (16) in seiner Bereitschaftsstellung erfasst werden.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that early warning sensors (12) are associated with certain azimuth sectors (15) around the object (11) that are not detected by a launcher (16) in its standby position. Einrichtung zum Schutz eines Objektes (11) gegen einen anfliegenden Flugkörper (17) mittels eines von einem Überwachungssensor (18) und einem von diesem einzuweisenden werferfesten Zielverfolgungsradar (19) auf die Anflugrichtung (21) ausrichtbaren Werfers (16), zum Ausüben eines der Verfahren nach den vorangehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass ein objektfester passiver IR-Frühwarnsensor (12) auf den Überwachungssensor (18) schaltbar ist.Device for protecting an object (11) against an approaching missile (17) by means of a launcher (16), which can be oriented by a monitoring sensor (18) and a jitter-proof target tracking radar (19) to be launched by the target-tracking radar (19), for performing one of the methods according to the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that an object-oriented passive IR early-warning sensor (12) can be switched to the monitoring sensor (18). Einrichtung nach dem vorangehenden Anspruch,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Frühwarnsensor (12) zum Ansprechen auf das Zünden des Startmotors eines Flugkörpers (17) ausgelegt ist.Device according to the preceding claim,
characterized,
in that the early warning sensor (12) is designed to respond to the ignition of the starting engine of a missile (17). Einrichtung nach einem der beiden vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass an Bord des Objektes (11) mehrere Frühwarnsensoren (12) vorgesehen sind, die bestimmten Azimut-Sektoren (15) zugeordnet sind.Device according to one of the two preceding claims,
characterized,
that on board the object (11) a plurality of early warning sensors (12) are provided which are assigned to specific azimuth sectors (15). Einrichtung nach dem vorangehenden Anspruch,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass Aufbauten (13) und/oder Abschirmungen (15) für Abschattungen zu sektoriellen Zuordnungen der Frühwarnsensoren (12) vorgesehen sind.Device according to the preceding claim,
characterized,
in that structures (13) and / or shields (15) are provided for shading to sectoral allocations of the early-warning sensors (12). Einrichtung nach einem der beiden vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass Sensor-Arrays für die Sektorzuordnung vorgesehen sind.Device according to one of the two preceding claims,
characterized,
that the sensor array are provided for the sector mapping. Einrichtung nach einem der drei vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass für einen Sektor, in den ein Werfer (16) in Bereitschaftsstellung orientiert ist, kein Frühwarnsensor (12) vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of the three preceding claims,
characterized,
that for a sector in which a launcher (16) is oriented in the ready position, no early warning sensor (12) is provided.
EP11005821A 2010-07-20 2011-07-15 Method and device for protecting vehicles Withdrawn EP2410280A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010027584A DE102010027584B4 (en) 2010-07-20 2010-07-20 Object protection procedures and equipment

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IL (1) IL214079A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3591427B1 (en) 2018-07-05 2023-06-14 HENSOLDT Sensors GmbH Missile alerter and a method for issuing a warning about a missile

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10024320A1 (en) 2000-05-17 2001-11-29 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh Radar device for object self-protection
DE10050479A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-18 Bodenseewerk Geraetetech System used for protecting objects, especially combat tanks, comprises an image-producing infra-red sensor attached to a missile launching device
US7202809B1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2007-04-10 Bae Systems Land & Armaments L.P. Fast acting active protection system
US20080291075A1 (en) * 2007-05-25 2008-11-27 John Rapanotti Vehicle-network defensive aids suite

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DE19638968A1 (en) * 1996-09-23 1998-03-26 Reinhold Ficht Fighting method for approaching flying object
DE10117007A1 (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-17 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Method and device for protecting mobile military equipment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10024320A1 (en) 2000-05-17 2001-11-29 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh Radar device for object self-protection
DE10050479A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-18 Bodenseewerk Geraetetech System used for protecting objects, especially combat tanks, comprises an image-producing infra-red sensor attached to a missile launching device
US7202809B1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2007-04-10 Bae Systems Land & Armaments L.P. Fast acting active protection system
US20080291075A1 (en) * 2007-05-25 2008-11-27 John Rapanotti Vehicle-network defensive aids suite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3591427B1 (en) 2018-07-05 2023-06-14 HENSOLDT Sensors GmbH Missile alerter and a method for issuing a warning about a missile

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DE102010027584B4 (en) 2012-03-29
IL214079A0 (en) 2011-11-30
DE102010027584A1 (en) 2012-01-26

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