EP2406861A2 - Paratonnerre a fonctionnement regule - Google Patents
Paratonnerre a fonctionnement reguleInfo
- Publication number
- EP2406861A2 EP2406861A2 EP10805248A EP10805248A EP2406861A2 EP 2406861 A2 EP2406861 A2 EP 2406861A2 EP 10805248 A EP10805248 A EP 10805248A EP 10805248 A EP10805248 A EP 10805248A EP 2406861 A2 EP2406861 A2 EP 2406861A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lightning rod
- spark gap
- rod according
- lightning
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G13/00—Installations of lightning conductors; Fastening thereof to supporting structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G13/00—Installations of lightning conductors; Fastening thereof to supporting structure
- H02G13/80—Discharge by conduction or dissipation, e.g. rods, arresters, spark gaps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a protection device against the direct effects of lightning and more particularly relates to a lightning rod with regulated operation whose breakdown voltage of the spark gap is not influenced by atmospheric conditions, including rain or snow.
- a so-called Franklin lightning rod is known to consist of a metal rod which is connected to the ground at one end and terminates at its other end with a point. This point, when a storm cloud creates a large electric field nearby, is the seat of a corona effect that generates ionization around its tip. It is also known that a thunderbolt is preceded by the appearance of a descending tracer which jerks from the cloud towards the ground. The corona effect develops and gives rise to an ascending tracer which, when it encounters the descending tracer, generates a conductive channel between the cloud and the ground through which the lightning current flows. This encounter therefore occurs even more closely with the lightning rod that the upward tracer is generated late. This is why various types of lightning rods have been proposed equipped with priming devices intended to generate the ascending tracer earlier.
- a lightning rod comprising a central rod surrounded by a piece of insulating material, which is connected to the free end of the rod, which is itself surrounded by a conductive electrode leaving a free zone to the insulating material in the vicinity of the rod so that this insulating zone forms a bridge capable of guiding a spark between the electrode and the stem.
- the present invention aims to propose a lightning rod whose breakdown voltage of its spark gap is independent of atmospheric conditions such as in particular snow or rain.
- the present invention thus relates to a lightning rod of the controlled operating type comprising a central rod of a conductive material whose lower end is connected to earth, a conductive envelope which is electrically insulated from the latter by a sleeve, characterized in that it comprises an internal spark gap electrically connected to the conductive envelope, whose equivalent capacity is greater than that existing at its outer apex between the conductive envelope and the central rod.
- the distance between an electrode of the internal spark gap and the central rod is less than the distance existing at its vertex between the conducting envelope and the central rod.
- the spark gap will comprise a conductive electrode ring which will surround the central rod at a distance therefrom.
- a dielectric element which may be for example a part of the sleeve or air will be interposed between the electrode of the spark gap element and the central rod.
- the upper part of the sleeve may be at a level lower than that of the conductive envelope so as to form a bowl around the central rod which, preferably, will communicate with the outside by at least one groove.
- a choke may be electrically interposed between the internal spark gap and the spherical element.
- This self may be in particular in the form of a sleeve which will be positioned around the sheath.
- the inductance of this self will be between 1 mH and 1000 mH and will preferably be close to 10 mH.
- the equivalent capacitance of the internal spark gap will be between 0.1 pF and 100 pF and will preferably be close to 3 pF.
- the internal resistance of the circuit formed by the spark gap and the inductor will be less than 1000 ⁇ and preferably of the order of 3 ⁇ .
- the base of the conductive envelope will end with a cylindrical portion on which will be fixed a removable and insulating ring.
- the free end of the central rod will be of rounded shape, in particular of hemispherical shape.
- FIG. 1 is an axial and vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of a lightning rod according to the invention
- FIGS. 2a and 2b are enlarged detail views of the lightning rod shown in FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 3a to 4 are views in partial section of two alternative embodiments of the invention,
- FIG. 5 is a view in axial and vertical section of a second embodiment of a lightning rod according to the invention, using the constitution of an RLC resonant circuit spark gap,
- FIG. 6 is a view in partial section of an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the free end of the rod of the lightning rod is of rounded shape
- Figure 7 is a graph showing the dispersion of the breakdown time of the spark gap of a lightning rod according to the invention, the free end of the rod is respectively pointed and rounded form.
- FIG. 1 shows a lightning rod with a starting device according to the invention. It comprises a central metal rod 1 whose lower end ends with a screw thread 2, intended to ensure its electrical connection with the ground, and the upper free end 3 ends with a tip.
- the cylindrical sheath 4 is itself partly covered with a conductive envelope preferably formed of a spherical element 5 made of a conductive material of the electric current, in particular stainless steel, whose base 5a of cylindrical shape is surmounted by a spherical portion 5b which covers the sleeve 4 with the exception of the zone 6 near the tip which is ring-shaped.
- the fixing of these two elements is provided by a circlip 10.
- the bottom of the bowl 9 is hollowed out with a cylindrical housing 11 in which a metal ring 12, particularly made of stainless steel, is fitted on which the sleeve 4 bears, so as to ensure its maintenance.
- the ring 12 is electrically connected to the spherical element 5 by a conductive braid 13. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2a, and 2b, the distance e between the internal face 12a of the ring 12 of the outer surface of the rod center 1 is less than the distance E between the spherical element 5 of the latter.
- the spherical element 5 is provided with potential taps 15 consisting of metal rods, in particular of stainless steel, which are 5 in the embodiment shown, and which are fixed by screwing into the spherical element 5. perpendicular to the longitudinal axis yy 'of the lightning conductor.
- an internal spark gap is created, which is equivalent to the capacitor Ci of a capacitor, this capacitance being greater than that of the external spark gap Cg.
- this internal spark gap is the internal spark gap that plays only the role of spark gap.
- this internal spark gap being inside the lightning rod it is therefore protected from external climatic variations including moisture, rain or snow.
- the capacitance Ci of the internal spark gap will be at least twice the capacitance C2 of the external spark gap.
- the present invention thus makes it possible to confer on the lightning conductor an operating stability which is no longer a function of these climatic conditions.
- the conductive ring 12 which is electrically connected to the spherical element 5 constitutes an electrode which with the central rod 1 forms an internal spark gap.
- the dielectric separating the internal face 12a of the ring 12 of the rod 1 is air, so that its capacity is of the order of 0.75 pF while the capacitor C2 of " the external spark gap is of the order of 0.25 pF.
- the breakdown voltage of the external "spark gap” is increased by making a bowl 17 at the top of the lightning rod, as shown in FIG. 3a, so as to reduce its capacitance. C2 and thereby increase its breakdown voltage, which has the effect of favoring the internal spark gap.
- the upper part G of the spherical element 5 will comprise notches 18 intended to allow evacuation of the water which may accumulate in the latter. in case of rain.
- the sleeve 4 goes down inside the space between the internal face 12a of the ring 12 and the central rod 1, so that it provides two functions, namely a function of holding the ring 12 and a dielectric function of the internal spark gap.
- the input D of the choke 20 is electrically connected to the spherical element 5 by a conductor
- the frequency spectrum of the lightning is between 50 kHz and 10 MHz.
- the present invention allows by associating the self 20 to the internal spark gap to select a lightning frequency range on which the lightning rod operates. Note that the lightning rod will be more selective as the resistance R will be lower.
- the capacitance Ci of the capacitor mentioned previously has a value of 2.57 pF
- the capacity of the self-inductor 20 will have values between 100 ⁇ and 3.95 H to cover the frequency spectrum of lightning. If the capacity Ci of this capacitor is made equal to 0.76 pF then the values of the choke are between 67 mH and 13.43 H.
- a resistor R of about 3 ⁇ , a capacitance Ci of about 2.57 pF and an inductance L of about 8.6 mH will be adopted.
- the inductance L will be between 1 mH and 1000 mH, the capacitance will be between 0.1 pF and 100 pF and the resistor R will be less than 1000 ⁇ .
- FIG. 7 shows the breakdown time Tb as a function of the reference of the shock effected. It is thus found that the breakdown time is much more regular when the free end 3 of the rod of the lightning rod is rounded.
- the lightning conductor with rounded rod therefore has a more stable response which makes it more reliable over time.
Landscapes
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0905762A FR2953337B1 (fr) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Paratonnerre a fonctionnement regule |
PCT/FR2010/000793 WO2011067481A2 (fr) | 2009-11-30 | 2010-11-29 | Paratonnerre a fonctionnement regule |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2406861A2 true EP2406861A2 (fr) | 2012-01-18 |
Family
ID=42314764
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10805248A Withdrawn EP2406861A2 (fr) | 2009-11-30 | 2010-11-29 | Paratonnerre a fonctionnement regule |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2406861A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2953337B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011067481A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2959617B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-30 | 2012-05-11 | Abb France | Enveloppe de protection pour paratonnerre a dispositif d'amorcage |
WO2017030430A1 (fr) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-02-23 | Daris Inženering | Parafoudre à architecture configurable modulaire et procédé lui permettant d'assurer une protection contre la foudre |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2040703T3 (es) * | 1985-12-19 | 1993-11-01 | John Richard Gumley | Conductor para pararrayos. |
FR2697379B1 (fr) | 1992-10-28 | 1995-01-13 | Helita Sa | Paratonnerre à dispositif d'amorçage à décharge électrique glissante le long d'un diélectrique. |
AU753280B2 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2002-10-17 | Erico International Corporation | Lightning air terminals and method of design and application |
FR2817085B1 (fr) * | 2000-11-22 | 2003-01-17 | Alain Rousseau | Paratonnerre a dispositif d'amorcage et procede de commande du courant d'effluve d'un tel paratonnerre |
US7265961B2 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2007-09-04 | Erico International Corporation | Lightning protection device and method |
-
2009
- 2009-11-30 FR FR0905762A patent/FR2953337B1/fr active Active
-
2010
- 2010-11-29 EP EP10805248A patent/EP2406861A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-11-29 WO PCT/FR2010/000793 patent/WO2011067481A2/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2011067481A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2953337A1 (fr) | 2011-06-03 |
FR2953337B1 (fr) | 2012-01-06 |
WO2011067481A2 (fr) | 2011-06-09 |
WO2011067481A3 (fr) | 2011-07-28 |
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