EP2406344B1 - Device and method for dosing or shutting off primary combustion air in the primary heating room of horizontal coke-oven chambers - Google Patents
Device and method for dosing or shutting off primary combustion air in the primary heating room of horizontal coke-oven chambers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2406344B1 EP2406344B1 EP10711548.7A EP10711548A EP2406344B1 EP 2406344 B1 EP2406344 B1 EP 2406344B1 EP 10711548 A EP10711548 A EP 10711548A EP 2406344 B1 EP2406344 B1 EP 2406344B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coke oven
- primary
- cover
- air
- combustion air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B15/00—Other coke ovens
- C10B15/02—Other coke ovens with floor heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B21/00—Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases
- C10B21/10—Regulating and controlling the combustion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
- C10B27/06—Conduit details, e.g. valves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coke oven with a device for metering and blocking of air supply devices of primary combustion air in the Primäreuerraum a coke oven chamber, wherein the device is designed as a cover that can be gradually moved away from the air supply device, so that the zuandde amount of air can be controlled accurately.
- the number of stages can be from two to infinity, so that the entering air flow is arbitrarily fine regulated.
- the device also serves to cover the air supply device from the weather.
- the device is also distinguished from the prior art in that it sits outside the coke oven chamber on the air supply device and is therefore easily accessible. The arrangement of the device, the dosage can be easily controlled and automated.
- the invention also relates to a method for metering primary combustion air into a primary heating chamber of a coke oven chamber with the apparatus used according to the invention.
- Coal coking is often carried out in "heat recovery” or “non-recovery” coke ovens which completely burn the coking gases produced during coking and utilize the combustion heat of the coking gases to heat the coal in the coking process.
- the heat of the burned coking gas used for heating the coal cake is additionally used by a steam generator to generate energy, for example by means of a downstream turbine.
- the coke ovens are typically used sequentially in arrays of multiple coke oven compartments, with successive arrays of non-recovery or heat recovery coke oven compartments being called coke oven banks, and sequential arrays of coke oven compartments of conventional type coke oven batteries.
- the coking gas produced during coking has a considerable calorific value.
- the coking gas is burned in two steps.
- the resulting coking gas is first passed into a headspace located above the coke cake within the coke oven chamber where it is burned with a substoichiometric amount of air. This air will be primary air or primary Called combustion air.
- the gas space above the coke cake is often called Primäreuerraum.
- the partially burned coking gas is conducted from the primary heating space via so-called "downcomer" channels into a secondary combustion space in which complete combustion of the coking gas takes place.
- the coke cake is heated from below, whereby a uniform heating of the coke cake is achieved from all sides. The result is an improved and above all uniform quality of the obtained coke.
- the WO 2006/128612 A1 describes a device for supplying primary combustion air into a coking chamber of a coke oven of the type "non-recovery" or "heat-recovery”.
- the device prevents the primary heating chamber of the coking chamber from being spatially unevenly ventilated and the heat distribution in the coking chamber being uneven.
- the primary air is admitted at a plurality or a plurality of positions in the ceiling of the coke oven chamber, so that the inlet of the primary air is precisely sized and variably controlled over the duration of the cooking time. In this way it is prevented that the intake combustion air already reacts immediately after entering the furnace and combustion is limited only to the inlet region of the primary air.
- the regulation of the air access is made by a control device not described in detail.
- the US 6187148 B1 describes a valve as a device for regulating a pressure equalization between the primary heating chamber and the secondary heating chamber or the secondary air soles of a "heat recovery” or “non-recovery” coke oven, which is used for pressure equalization between the Primärsortraum and Sekundärsortraum a coke oven chamber. Since especially at the beginning of the coking process by the impressions of the cold coal cake in the coke oven chamber, there is a negative pressure, the entry of the primary air, which takes place in said teaching through openings in the coke oven chamber and overlying flaps, can be controlled only poorly.
- the invention provides valves in the "down comer" channels that provide pressure equalization between the primary boiler room and the secondary boiler room of a coke oven chamber. If necessary, the valves can also be used for the admission of secondary combustion air into the secondary heating space. A control of the intake of primary combustion air is not described.
- the valves are not easy to use because they are housed in the door-facing sides of the coke oven chamber and are equipped with a rotary tube as a shut-off device. However, a rotary tube tends to be fixed at the prevailing high temperatures and is therefore susceptible to repair. Also, the space required for such a device is considerable.
- the CN 1358822 A describes a coke oven consisting essentially of a furnace body, a main wall of the coke oven chamber, a furnace bottom, an oven door with a fitted oven door opening, a coke loading machine, a coke ejector, a coke catcher with extinguishing means, and a parts repair machine with iron tools.
- a coke oven consisting essentially of a furnace body, a main wall of the coke oven chamber, a furnace bottom, an oven door with a fitted oven door opening, a coke loading machine, a coke ejector, a coke catcher with extinguishing means, and a parts repair machine with iron tools.
- coke quality can be increased with varying source coals while still reducing coke costs. the heat recovery is good.
- the teaching describes a flap for primary air openings on the ceiling of coke oven chambers, whose movement and adjustment mechanism, also in dependence on the coking process, is not further disclosed.
- the DE 102005015301 A1 describes a method of producing coke in a coking chamber of a non-recovery type or heat recovery type coke oven wherein the coking chamber is filled with a layer of coal which heats coal and volatiles of carbon from the coal outgas, these volatile coal components are partially oxidized by means of substoichiometric air directly above the coal bed, below the coking chamber a combustion system for combustion of unburned volatile carbon constituents, as well as the gases produced in the partial oxidation, the coking chamber contains side walls in which the channels are recessed, these channels connect the upper coke-free part of the coking chamber on the gas side with the combustion system below the coking chamber, the volatile coal constituents partially oxidized above the coal layer pass through the channels into the combustion systems located below the coking chamber, both the coking chamber and the combustion system have means for limited supply of air, the combustion of the volatile coal constituents by means of air both in the coking chamber above the coal bed as even in the combustion system below arranged incomplete as partial oxidation
- the WO 2007057076 A1 describes a ventilation device for "non-recovery" coke ovens, wherein the ventilation device consists of at least one opening which passes through the wall by internals, such as the oven door and the furnace interior with the outer atmosphere surrounding the furnace, and by means of a closure element entirely or partially closed.
- the ventilation device consists of at least one opening which passes through the wall by internals, such as the oven door and the furnace interior with the outer atmosphere surrounding the furnace, and by means of a closure element entirely or partially closed.
- two or more of these closure elements are coupled by means of a mechanical connecting element by the connecting element is attached to the closure elements directly or via levers, and each connecting element is connected to at least one central actuating element such that the closure elements can be moved, wherein the respective openings closed , completely open or can be adjusted to any intermediate position.
- the openings for the entry of primary air in the coke oven chambers are embedded in the coke oven chamber doors, so that the entry of primary air is admitted only in the environment of the coke oven chamber doors in the coke oven chamber.
- the control is typically done with closure plates or screw spindles.
- the metering should be done by a device that is mounted on unregulated air supply devices and shut off both the air supply device as well To be able to meter or regulate gas flow.
- the metering device should be mountable on a single air supply device so that it can be mounted both simply and multiply.
- the device should be both stepped and infinitely adjustable.
- the device for metering and blocking should be controllable both manually and with a servomotor, so that they can be automated if necessary.
- the device used according to the invention is intended to reliably prevent the ingress of water during rainfall.
- the invention solves this problem by a device which is designed as a lid, and which can be placed on the device for air supply.
- This device which is in the form of a lid, performs the dosing by lifting it from the air supply, which can be done both by vertical lifting and lateral folding away. By doing so, the device is easy to assemble and operate and also requires little maintenance.
- the device can also be easily installed into existing coke oven chambers with air inlets through the coke oven chamber ceiling through the outdoor attachment.
- the lifting can be carried out by introducing latching stoppers both in at least two stages and in the absence of these stoppers by counterweights sufficiently holding joints in infinite gradation, or in other words, continuously.
- the actual device is designed as a lid and may for example be shaped like an inverted cup. This ultimately means that it is a plate, with a down-shaped, collar-shaped orbit is provided. But it may also be a hollow cone having a downwardly open side, thus covering the air supply device with the top up as by a hat. Finally, the metering device can also consist of a solid cone, which is retracted with the tip down into the air supply device and thus shuts it off gradually.
- the device may be mounted on a single air supply device or on several.
- the invention also has the advantage that the interior of the coke oven chamber wall is protected from the weather. Especially in tropical countries, there are often heavy downpours, which occur regularly and represent a major problem in the operation of horizontal coke oven chambers. In heavy rainfall, water will continue to flow through the primary air ducts into the coke oven chamber, which can significantly disrupt the operation of the furnace and destroy furnace masonry. By the device used in the invention, the penetration of water is reliably prevented in rainfall.
- the air supply or the air supply lines themselves are in the most common embodiment as pipes, so that the device used according to the invention sits like a cover on the pipe and thereby shuts it off.
- the pipes can be simply guided vertically through the ceiling or as U-pipes, which open with the open end downwards.
- the shut-off device used according to the invention sits horizontally mirrored with the collar-shaped bulge upwards.
- the air supply devices may also have a rectangular cross section and lead vertically or obliquely through the ceiling.
- the channels can also be made of masonry, which then form an inlet in the Koksofendecke.
- the air inlet duct may also form an upward projection of masonry.
- the air inlet devices can be designed arbitrarily and also have inserts to the direction of the introduced primary air.
- the channels or pipes for air supply may be provided in the ceiling with a sealing material.
- the r used according to the invention device for metering or blocking itself can also be arbitrarily shaped.
- the device used as a cover according to the invention may be formed as a disc having a collar-shaped, directed to the coke oven chamber cover so that the cover has a cross-section which has the shape of an upside-down cup, which must be larger in cross-section than the air supply to be covered, to exercise the function of the invention can.
- the cup can be arbitrarily shaped.
- the cup may have the central section of a straight line with two straight lines branched off at 60 °.
- the cup can also have the shape of a curved "W" s, the cups are used in inverted form.
- the device used for metering or blocking according to the invention can also be embodied as an inverted hollow and downwardly open cone, wherein the hollow cone has the central cut surface in the form of an inverted "V" s.
- the inverted hollow cone is larger at the location of the largest cross section in cross section than the air supply to be covered.
- the "V" can be curved, or, in other words, not pointed.
- the hollow cone can be shaped arbitrarily, as long as it fulfills its covering task.
- the capping and dosing device may be a simple flap that is not attached to the air supply device is attached.
- the device can be raised or lowered by a rod with a moving mechanism.
- the cover can also be a solid cone, which is moved into the air-supplying device, so that the air-supplying device or the tube closes by moving in.
- the massive cone can also be made as a hollow, but on all sides closed cone. This fulfills the covering function also by being moved with the tip in the air-supplying device, and thereby shut off. But he may be cheaper to manufacture.
- the covering device used according to the invention can also be shaped as a simple plate as long as it fulfills its covering function.
- the covering, inventively used device may eventually be arbitrarily shaped, as long as it fulfills its task according to the invention.
- the device used according to the invention can be made of any material that can withstand the high temperatures of the coke oven chamber ceiling sufficiently. This can be for example stainless steel, but this can also be ceramic or stone.
- the device used according to the invention can also be equipped with seals or locking devices.
- the device used according to the invention may also have thickenings on the inner side, which can be retracted into the air supply device and thus additionally seal it tightly. These are preferably made of refractory material. This is helpful, especially during the start-up phase. These thickenings can be raised or lowered with screwing devices relative to the device for covering and dosing used according to the invention.
- the device used according to the invention is moved away from the air supply, so that it opens the air-supplying device.
- the air-supplying device is an inverted cup, it is moved away from the air-supplying device by lifting. In the closed position, it simply rests on the tube so that it closes.
- the cup is connected downwardly with a rod so that it is connected to a hydraulic lifting cylinder. This hydraulic jack raises or lowers the inverted cup so that it shuts off the tube in the lowered form.
- the device can be two-stage ("open” - "closed") or lowered with any number of stages to infinity or be lifted.
- the device for opening or closing can also exert the desired function by pivoting away sideways. This is done by a hinge device which is attached to the covering device. This can be in any Swing away directions. Also, the pivoting process can be done in a number of stages from two to infinity ("stepless").
- the covering device is a solid cone, then it is usually moved only by lifting or lowering, since pivoting away is generally not possible. In principle, however, any device is conceivable which moves the covering device back and forth from the air-supplying device.
- the cover is usually larger in cross-section than the air-supplying device or the tube in order to ensure complete coverage can. Even an incomplete covering device is conceivable, but is rarely performed.
- Typical largest cross sections for a cover used according to the invention are 80 to 280 millimeters.
- Typical largest cross sections for air supply lines or pipes, which are equipped with the cover used according to the invention are 50 to 250 millimeters.
- the tubes are 50 to 1200 mm high in a typical embodiment.
- the air supply can be provided on the inside with air-conducting devices.
- the air supply may be equipped on the inside, for example with a constriction, which exerts a Venturi effect on the incoming gas. As a result, the speed of the incoming air flow is increased.
- the air supply can also be provided with baffles.
- the air supply can also be provided on the inside of the coke oven chamber with gas-conducting devices or nozzles. If the covering device is a plate or cup, it may be provided with an opening or sight glass for viewing or accessing the areas under the cover.
- air ducts are arranged so that they are arranged individually and repeatedly on the ceiling of coke oven chambers.
- manifolds that suck the air centrally and distribute them to the individual air ducts.
- An example of a manifold, which serves for the gas version of several equipped with gas-carrying tubes coking is the GB 384092 , Within the individual gas-carrying tubes flaps (18) are provided as a metering device. An externally mounted metering device with covering effect is not described.
- a collecting pipe which supplies the primary combustion air from the outside and these into the individual air supply pipes of the primary combustion chamber (s) a Koksofenbatterie or Koksofenbank distributed, be provided with a device according to the invention for shutting off or dosing on the coke oven chamber remote from the outer end of the manifold.
- the device used in the invention is easy to assemble, is inexpensive and can be easily maintained or cleaned of dirt.
- the device for metering and blocking on only one air feed of one or more coke oven chambers of a coke oven battery or a coke oven and to use for controlling the air inlet.
- This can be attached at any point, in which case also other air inlet devices may be present, which are unregulated.
- the apparatus used according to the invention it is likewise possible for the apparatus used according to the invention to be seated on a plurality of air inlets of one or more coke oven chambers of a coke oven battery or a coke oven bank and to be used to regulate the admission of air.
- all the air inlets of a coke oven chamber can be provided with the device according to the invention used for shutting off. These can in any case be regulated individually or simultaneously.
- the operation can be done manually remotely using a lever, a cable or a linkage.
- the drive of the device used according to the invention can also be carried out hydraulically or electrically. This can for example be done directly on the cover or from a distance, for example via a lever.
- the method can also be automated when using a hydraulic or electrical device, for example with a process control.
- sensors which detect, for example, the temperature or the oxygen content in the coke oven chamber or in the primary heating space.
- sensors which detect the position of the device used according to the invention it is also possible to use the device when a light and constant overpressure is generated by a blower or a compressor in the air supply device.
- the inventively used device is easy to assemble, since it is applied from the outside to the air supply device and can be easily retrofitted. It is low maintenance and easy to clean from dirt. Due to the nature of the arrangement, the space requirement of both the device and the coke oven chamber equipped with it is low.
- the admission of air into a primary heating chamber can be easily regulated, so that a uniformly distributed air supply into the primary heating space and a correspondingly improved quality of the coke obtained are achieved.
- the device used according to the invention for covering and dosing can be operated with a method that is easy can be automated and controlled by measuring parameters in the coke oven chamber.
- FIG. 1 describes a device used according to the invention (1) for metering and blocking an air supply (2) in the primary heating chamber (3) of a coke oven (4). From the coke oven furnace, the ceiling (5) can be seen and part of the Primäreuerraumes (3).
- the actual device used according to the invention for the cover (1) is an inverted cup (1a) , which has a round, collar-shaped, directed to the coke oven chamber cover (1b) , through which the air supply ( 6) is shut off, as these on the air supply device ( 2) rests.
- the shut-off device is fixed on the inside with a rod (7) .
- This in turn is connected to a hydraulic cylinder (8) which is moved up and down by a suitable hydraulic device.
- the hydraulic device is moved by means of a servomotor (8a) which is connected to a control device (8c) via connecting cable (8b) .
- FIG. 2 shows the same device that has been opened by the hydraulic cylinder (8a) .
- the hydraulic cylinder (8) moves up the rod (7) , which also moves the cup (1a) upwards.
- the device (1) contains here an inspection opening (9) with handle (9a), which is suitable for the inspection of the interior.
- FIG. 3 also shows the same device (1), which instead of the inspection opening, a thickening (1c) arranged in the inner region of the inverted cup (1a) , which can be retracted into the air supply device (2) and thus closes it.
- This device is also by a rod (7) with a hydraulic cylinder (8) to move automatically.
- FIG. 4 also shows the same device (1), which contains a thickening (1c ) arranged inside the inverted cup (1a) , which can be retracted by a screwing device ( 1d) , ie separated from the flap (1) inserted according to the invention into the air supply device (2 ) is retractable.
- This device (2) is by a rod (6) with a hydraulic cylinder (7) to move automatically.
- FIG. 5 also describes a device (1) used according to the invention for metering and blocking an air feed (2) into the primary heating chamber (3) of a coke oven (4).
- the shut-off device is a hollow inverted cone (1e) which is open at the bottom.
- the hollow cone carries a handle (10) with which the entire hollow cone (1e) manually (10a) can be pivoted sideways.
- the hollow cone itself is attached via a rod with joints (7a) .
- the air supply (2) is provided on the coke oven chamber side of the ceiling (5) with spouts (11) .
- FIG. 6 shows the device (1) with hollow cone (1e) in open form. Through the spouts (11) primary air (6b) is directed directed.
- FIG. 7 also describes a device (1) used according to the invention for metering and blocking an air feed (2) into the primary heating chamber (3) of a coke oven (4).
- the device (1) consists of a solid, closed cone (1f) which is moved into the opening (2a) of the air-supplying device (2) and thereby closes it.
- the air-feeding device (2) contains constrictions to increase the gas velocity (12) for the inflowing primary air (6).
- FIG. 8th shows this device (1f) in the closed position. The movement takes place via a hydraulic cylinder (8), which is operated via a hydraulic adjusting device. This in turn is controlled via a servomotor (8a) via connecting cable (8b) with control device (8c) . Below the coke oven chamber ceiling (5) , the primary heating chamber (3) can be seen.
- FIG. 9 describes a device used according to the invention (1) for metering and blocking an air supply (2) in the primary heating chamber (3) of a coke oven (4).
- the air-supplying device (2) can be seen.
- This is shaped in the central cross section as a curved "W" (1g) . This makes it possible to cover these more than the pipe air supplying device (2).
- FIG. 10 describes a device used according to the invention (1), which is a simple flap (1h) , so that it covers the air supply by folding down (1 i).
- the folding down is controlled by a lever (7) which is moved by a hydraulic cylinder (8) . This is moved by a servomotor (8a) .
- the flap is movably suspended on a support bar (1j) .
- FIG. 11 describes a device (1) used according to the invention , which covers an air supply device ( 2) in a coke oven chamber (4) , wherein both devices are made of a mineral or stone-like material.
- the inventively used device for covering and dosing (1) is a reversed hollow cone (1 k) , which is made of a ceramic material.
- the device the air feed (2) into the coke oven chamber (4) is made of bricks (2a) as a brick projection air supply duct (2b) form.
- the device for dosing and covering (1) is opened by lateral folding away.
- FIG. 12 Finally, the arrangement of the device (1) used according to the invention in a horizontal coke oven chamber (4) of the type "non-recovery” or “heat-recovery".
- the device according to the invention for metering and blocking (1) is provided as a lid with a round, collar-shaped collar (1b) , which is arranged above the air-supplying device (2) , which is here as a tube. This can be swung laterally with a hinge device (7a) , whereby the air supply (2) is opened or closed.
- On display here are the coke cake (13), the coke oven chamber doors ( 14), the "downcomer” channels (15) with openings (15a), the secondary heating chamber ( 16) and the secondary air sole (17).
- the secondary air sole (17) contains openings (17a), which are also equipped with metering and shut-off devices that regulate the secondary air flow.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Koksofen mit einer Vorrichtung zur Dosierung und Absperrung von Luftzuführungsvorrichtungen von primärer Verbrennungsluft in den Primärheizraum einer Koksofenkammer, wobei die Vorrichtung als Abdeckung geartet ist, die stufenweise von der Luftzuführungsvorrichtung wegbewegt werden kann, so dass die zutretende Luftmenge genau geregelt werden kann. Die Zahl der Stufen kann dabei von zwei bis unendlich betragen, so dass der zutretende Luftstrom beliebig fein geregelt wird. Gleichzeitig dient die Vorrichtung auch zur Abdeckung der Luftzuführungsvorrichtung vor Witterungseinflüssen. Die Vorrichtung hebt sich auch dadurch vom Stand der Technik ab, dass sie außerhalb der Koksofenkammer auf der Luftzuführungsvorrichtung sitzt und dadurch leicht zugänglich ist. Durch die Anordnung der Vorrichtung kann die Dosierung leicht gesteuert und auch automatisiert werden. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Dosierung von primärer Verbrennungsluft in einen primären Heizraum einer Koksofenkammer mit der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a coke oven with a device for metering and blocking of air supply devices of primary combustion air in the Primärheizraum a coke oven chamber, wherein the device is designed as a cover that can be gradually moved away from the air supply device, so that the zutretende amount of air can be controlled accurately. The number of stages can be from two to infinity, so that the entering air flow is arbitrarily fine regulated. At the same time, the device also serves to cover the air supply device from the weather. The device is also distinguished from the prior art in that it sits outside the coke oven chamber on the air supply device and is therefore easily accessible. The arrangement of the device, the dosage can be easily controlled and automated. The invention also relates to a method for metering primary combustion air into a primary heating chamber of a coke oven chamber with the apparatus used according to the invention.
Die Verkokung von Kohle wird häufig in Koksöfen vom Typ "Heat-Recovery" oder "Non-Recovery" durchgeführt, die die bei der Verkokung entstehenden Verkokungsgase komplett verbrennen und die Verbrennungswärme der Verkokungsgase zum Erhitzen der Kohle im Verkokungsprozess nutzen. Bei Koksöfen vom Typ "Heat-Recovery" wird die Wärme des verbrannten Verkokungsgases, welches zum Erhitzen des Kohlekuchens genutzt wird, zusätzlich durch einen Dampferzeuger zur Erzeugung von Energie, beispielweise durch eine nachgeschaltete Turbine, genutzt. Die Koksöfen werden typischerweise in Anordnungen von mehreren Koksofenkammern hintereinander genutzt, wobei hintereinander geschaltete Anordnungen von Koksofenkammern vom Typ "Non-Recovery" oder "Heat-Recovery" Koksofenbänke heißen, und hintereinander geschaltete Anordnungen von Koksofenkammern konventioneller Art Koksofenbatterien.Coal coking is often carried out in "heat recovery" or "non-recovery" coke ovens which completely burn the coking gases produced during coking and utilize the combustion heat of the coking gases to heat the coal in the coking process. In the case of coke ovens of the "heat recovery" type, the heat of the burned coking gas used for heating the coal cake is additionally used by a steam generator to generate energy, for example by means of a downstream turbine. The coke ovens are typically used sequentially in arrays of multiple coke oven compartments, with successive arrays of non-recovery or heat recovery coke oven compartments being called coke oven banks, and sequential arrays of coke oven compartments of conventional type coke oven batteries.
Das bei der Verkokung entstehende Verkokungsgas besitzt einen beträchtlichen Heizwert. Um eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Verkokungshitze zu erreichen, die in nichtkonventionellen Koksofenkammern durch Verbrennung des Verkokungsgases erzeugt wird, wird das Verkokungsgas in zwei Schritten verbrannt. Das entstehende Verkokungsgas wird zunächst in einem Gasraum, der sich oberhalb des Kokskuchens innerhalb der Koksofenkammer befindet, geführt, wo es mit einer unterstöchiometrischen Menge an Luft verbrannt wird. Diese Luft wird Primärluft oder primäre Verbrennungsluft genannt. Der Gasraum oberhalb des Kokskuchens wird häufig Primärheizraum genannt. Das teilverbrannte Verkokungsgas wird aus dem Primärheizraum über sogenannte "Downcomer"-Kanäle in einen sekundären Verbrennungsraum geführt, in dem eine vollständige Verbrennung des Verkokungsgases stattfindet. Dadurch wird der Kokskuchen auch von unten beheizt, wodurch eine gleichmäßige Beheizung des Kokskuchens von allen Seiten erreicht wird. Die Folge ist eine verbesserte und vor allem gleichmäßige Qualität des erhaltenen Kokses.The coking gas produced during coking has a considerable calorific value. In order to achieve a uniform distribution of the coking heat generated in non-conventional coke oven chambers by combustion of the coking gas, the coking gas is burned in two steps. The resulting coking gas is first passed into a headspace located above the coke cake within the coke oven chamber where it is burned with a substoichiometric amount of air. This air will be primary air or primary Called combustion air. The gas space above the coke cake is often called Primärheizraum. The partially burned coking gas is conducted from the primary heating space via so-called "downcomer" channels into a secondary combustion space in which complete combustion of the coking gas takes place. As a result, the coke cake is heated from below, whereby a uniform heating of the coke cake is achieved from all sides. The result is an improved and above all uniform quality of the obtained coke.
Um eine kontrollierte Verbrennung des Verkokungsgases in zwei Schritten zu erreichen, ist eine genau dosierte Luftzuführung sowohl in den primären Verbrennungsraum als auch in den sekundären Verbrennungsraum einer Verkokungskammer erforderlich. Die Vorrichtungen aus dem Stand der Technik sind jedoch häufig sehr einfach geartet, so dass eine genaue Dosierung nicht möglich ist oder sind so angeordnet, dass die Verteilung von Verbrennungsluft nur an wenigen oder nur an schwer zugänglichen Positionen einer Koksofenkammer erfolgen kann. Für die Zuführung von sekundärer Verbrennungsluft ist die Dosierung der Luftzuführung in der Regel einfacher, da die Zuführung nicht direkt in den sekundären Verbrennungsraum erfolgt, sondern über sogenannte Sekundärluftsohlen, die unterhalb des sekundären Verbrennungsheizraums erfolgt und die mit vertikalen Kanälen mit dem eigentlichen Sekundärheizraum verbunden sind.In order to achieve a controlled combustion of the coking gas in two steps, a precisely metered air supply in both the primary combustion chamber and in the secondary combustion chamber of a coking chamber is required. However, the devices of the prior art are often very simple, so that a precise dosage is not possible or are arranged so that the distribution of combustion air can only be done at a few or difficult to access positions of a coke oven chamber. For the supply of secondary combustion air, the metering of the air supply is usually simpler, since the supply does not take place directly in the secondary combustion chamber, but via so-called secondary air soles, which takes place below the secondary combustion chamber and which are connected with vertical channels with the actual Sekundärheizraum.
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Deswegen wäre es von erheblichem Vorteil, wenn eine einfache Vorrichtung zur Verfügung stünde, mit der primäre Verbrennungsluft durch die Decke einer Koksofenkammer geführt wird, und diese Vorrichtung, die beispielsweise aus einem einfachen Rohr bestehen kann, mit einer weiteren Vorrichtung abgesperrt oder im Gasdurchfluss dosiert geregelt werden kann. Eine Führung durch die Decke ist erheblich einfacher und weniger platzaufwendig. Eine Aufbringung der Regelungsvorrichtung außerhalb der Koksofenkammer und außerhalb der eigentlichen Luftzuführungsvorrichtung wäre außerdem erheblich einfacher zu montieren und zu warten.Therefore, it would be of considerable advantage if a simple device were available, with the primary combustion air is passed through the ceiling of a coke oven chamber, and this device, which may for example consist of a simple tube, shut off with another device or controlled metered in gas flow can be. A tour through the ceiling is much easier and less space consuming. An application of the control device outside the coke oven chamber and outside the actual air supply device would also be much easier to assemble and maintain.
Es besteht deshalb die Aufgabe, eine Vorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die eine Dosierung von primärer Verbrennungsluft in den Primärheizraum einer Koksofenkammer ermöglicht, wobei die Dosierung durch eine Vorrichtung erfolgen soll, die auf ungeregelten Luftzuführungsvorrichtungen montiert ist und die die Luftzuführungsvorrichtung sowohl absperren als auch im Gasdurchfluss dosieren oder regeln können soll. Die Vorrichtung zur Dosierung soll auf einer einzelnen Luftzuführungsvorrichtung montierbar sein, so dass diese sowohl einfach als auch mehrfach montiert werden kann. Zudem soll die Vorrichtung sowohl gestuft als auch stufenlos regelbar sein. Schließlich soll die Vorrichtung zur Dosierung und Absperrung sowohl manuell als auch mit einem Stellmotor regelbar sein, so dass diese sich nötigenfalls automatisieren lassen kann. Durch die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung soll ferner das Eindringen von Wasser bei Regenfällen zuverlässig verhindert werden.It is therefore an object to provide a device that allows a dosage of primary combustion air in the Primärheizraum a coke oven chamber, the metering should be done by a device that is mounted on unregulated air supply devices and shut off both the air supply device as well To be able to meter or regulate gas flow. The metering device should be mountable on a single air supply device so that it can be mounted both simply and multiply. In addition, the device should be both stepped and infinitely adjustable. Finally, the device for metering and blocking should be controllable both manually and with a servomotor, so that they can be automated if necessary. Furthermore, the device used according to the invention is intended to reliably prevent the ingress of water during rainfall.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung, die als Deckel geartet ist, und die auf die Vorrichtung zur Luftzuführung aufgesetzt werden kann. Diese als Deckel geartete Vorrichtung führt die Dosierung durch Abheben von der Luftzuführung aus, welches sowohl durch senkrechtes Anheben als auch durch seitliches Wegklappen erfolgen kann. Durch diese Vorgehensweise ist die Vorrichtung einfach zu montieren und zu bedienen und auch wenig wartungsaufwendig. Die Vorrichtung kann durch den Außenaufsatz auch leicht in bestehende Koksofenkammern mit Luftzuführungen durch die Koksofenkammerdecke eingebaut werden. Das Abheben kann durch Einbringen von einrastenden Stoppern sowohl in mindestens zwei Stufen als auch bei Fehlen dieser Stopper durch Gegengewichte ausreichend haltende Gelenke in unendlicher Stufung, oder, anders ausgedrückt, stufenlos durchgeführt werden.The invention solves this problem by a device which is designed as a lid, and which can be placed on the device for air supply. This device, which is in the form of a lid, performs the dosing by lifting it from the air supply, which can be done both by vertical lifting and lateral folding away. By doing so, the device is easy to assemble and operate and also requires little maintenance. The device can also be easily installed into existing coke oven chambers with air inlets through the coke oven chamber ceiling through the outdoor attachment. The lifting can be carried out by introducing latching stoppers both in at least two stages and in the absence of these stoppers by counterweights sufficiently holding joints in infinite gradation, or in other words, continuously.
Die eigentliche Vorrichtung ist als Deckel geartet und kann beispielsweise wie ein umgedrehter Becher geformt sein. Dies bedeutet letztlich, dass es sich um eine Platte handelt, die mit einer nach unten ausgeformten, kragenförmigen Umrundung versehen ist. Es kann sich aber auch um einen Hohlkegel handeln, der eine nach unten offene Seite besitzt und so die Luftzuführungsvorrichtung mit der Spitze nach oben wie durch einen Hut abdeckt. Schließlich kann die Dosiervorrichtung auch aus einem massiven Kegel bestehen, der mit der Spitze nach unten in die Luftzuführungsvorrichtung eingefahren wird und diese so graduell absperrt.The actual device is designed as a lid and may for example be shaped like an inverted cup. This ultimately means that it is a plate, with a down-shaped, collar-shaped orbit is provided. But it may also be a hollow cone having a downwardly open side, thus covering the air supply device with the top up as by a hat. Finally, the metering device can also consist of a solid cone, which is retracted with the tip down into the air supply device and thus shuts it off gradually.
Auf diese Weise ist ein einfaches und stufenloses oder gestuftes Dosieren von primärer Verbrennungsluft in eine Koksofenkammer möglich. Die Vorrichtung kann an einer einzelnen Luftzuführungsvorrichtung oder auch an mehreren montiert sein. Die Erfindung besitzt auch den Vorteil, dass das Innere der Koksofenkammerwand vor Witterungseinflüssen geschützt ist. Insbesondere in tropischen Ländern kommt es häufig zu heftigen Regengüssen, die regelmäßig auftreten und die ein großes Problem beim Betrieb horizontaler Koksofenkammern darstellen. Bei stärkeren Regenfällen dringt immer wieder Wasser durch die Primärluftzuführungen in die Koksofenkammer, was den Betrieb des Ofens erheblich stören kann und wodurch Ofenmauerwerk zerstört werden kann. Durch die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung wird das Eindringen von Wasser bei Regenfällen zuverlässig verhindert.In this way, a simple and continuous or stepped metering of primary combustion air into a coke oven chamber is possible. The device may be mounted on a single air supply device or on several. The invention also has the advantage that the interior of the coke oven chamber wall is protected from the weather. Especially in tropical countries, there are often heavy downpours, which occur regularly and represent a major problem in the operation of horizontal coke oven chambers. In heavy rainfall, water will continue to flow through the primary air ducts into the coke oven chamber, which can significantly disrupt the operation of the furnace and destroy furnace masonry. By the device used in the invention, the penetration of water is reliably prevented in rainfall.
Beansprucht wird ein Koksofen mit einer Vorrichtung zur Dosierung oder Absperrung primärer Verbrennungsluft in den Primärheizraum von horizontalen Koksofenkammern, wobei
- in der Decke mindestens einer Koksofenkammer einer Koksofenbank oder Koksofenbatterie mindestens eine Öffnung zur Luftzuführung von primärer Verbrennungsluft angeordnet ist,
- diese Öffnung eine Abdeckung besitzt, die die Luftzuführung auf der Auβenseite abdeckt, wobei diese Abdeckung stufenweise zurückgenommen werden kann, so dass die Öffnung zur Luftzuführung teilweise geöffnet wird und einen Luftzutritt ermöglicht, und
- die Zahl der Stufen zur Zurücknahme der Abdeckung und zur Öffnung der Luftzuführung zwischen zwei und unendlich liegt, und
- die Abdeckung mit einer Stange verbunden ist, die durch eine mechanische Vorrichtung in vertikaler Richtung bewegt werden kann, so dass die Abdeckung die Luftzuführung durch die vertikale Bewegung öffnet oder schließt.
- at least one opening for supplying air from primary combustion air is arranged in the ceiling of at least one coke oven chamber of a coke oven bank or coke oven battery,
- this opening has a cover which covers the air supply on the outside, this cover can be gradually withdrawn, so that the opening for air supply is partially opened and allows access of air, and
- the number of steps for withdrawing the cover and for opening the air supply is between two and infinity, and
- the cover is connected to a rod which can be moved by a mechanical device in the vertical direction, so that the cover opens or closes the air supply by the vertical movement.
Die Luftzuführung oder die Luftzuführungen selbst sind in der häufigsten Ausführungsform als Rohre geartet, so dass die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung wie ein Deckel auf dem Rohr sitzt und dieses dadurch absperrt. Die Rohre können sowohl einfach senkrecht durch die Decke geführt werden als auch als U-Rohre geartet sein, die mit dem offenen Ende nach unten münden. In diesem Fall sitzt die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Absperrvorrichtung horizontal gespiegelt mit der kragenförmigen Ausbuchtung nach oben. Die Luftzuführungsvorrichtungen können auch einen rechteckigen Querschnitt besitzen und senkrecht oder schräg durch die Decke führen.The air supply or the air supply lines themselves are in the most common embodiment as pipes, so that the device used according to the invention sits like a cover on the pipe and thereby shuts it off. The pipes can be simply guided vertically through the ceiling or as U-pipes, which open with the open end downwards. In this case, the shut-off device used according to the invention sits horizontally mirrored with the collar-shaped bulge upwards. The air supply devices may also have a rectangular cross section and lead vertically or obliquely through the ceiling.
Die Kanäle können auch aus Mauerwerk gefertigt sein, wobei diese dann einen Einlass in der Koksofendecke bilden. Der Lufteinlasskanal kann auch einen aufwärts gerichteten Vorsprung aus Mauerwerk bilden. Auf der Innenseite der Koksofenkammerdecke können die Lufteinleitungsvorrichtungen beliebig gestaltet sein und auch Einsätze zur Richtung der eingeleiteten Primärluft besitzen. Die Kanäle oder Rohre zur Luftzuführung können in der Decke mit einem Abdichtmaterial versehen sein.The channels can also be made of masonry, which then form an inlet in the Koksofendecke. The air inlet duct may also form an upward projection of masonry. On the inside of the coke oven chamber ceiling, the air inlet devices can be designed arbitrarily and also have inserts to the direction of the introduced primary air. The channels or pipes for air supply may be provided in the ceiling with a sealing material.
Die r erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung zur Dosierung oder Absperrung selbst kann ebenfalls beliebig geformt sein. Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung als Abdeckung kann als Scheibe geformt sein, die eine kragenförmige, zur Koksofenkammer gerichtete Abdeckung besitzt, so dass die Abdeckung einen Querschnitt aufweist, der die Form eines umgedrehten Bechers besitzt, wobei dieser im Querschnitt größer als die abzudeckende Luftzuführung sein muss, um die erfindungsgemäße Funktion ausüben zu können. Der Becher kann dabei beliebig geformt sein. Der Becher kann die mittige Schnittfläche einer Geraden mit zwei im 60°-Winkel abzweigenden Geraden besitzen. Der Becher kann aber auch die Form eines geschwungenen "W"s besitzen, wobei die Becher in umgedrehter Form zur Anwendung kommen.The r used according to the invention device for metering or blocking itself can also be arbitrarily shaped. The device used as a cover according to the invention may be formed as a disc having a collar-shaped, directed to the coke oven chamber cover so that the cover has a cross-section which has the shape of an upside-down cup, which must be larger in cross-section than the air supply to be covered, to exercise the function of the invention can. The cup can be arbitrarily shaped. The cup may have the central section of a straight line with two straight lines branched off at 60 °. The cup can also have the shape of a curved "W" s, the cups are used in inverted form.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung zur Dosierung oder Absperrung kann aber auch als umgedrehter hohler und nach unten offener Kegel geartet sein, wobei der Hohlkegel die mittige Schnittfläche die Form eines umgedrehten "V"s besitzt. Der umgedrehte Hohlkegel ist an der Stelle des größten Querschnittes im Querschnitt größer als die abzudeckende Luftzuführung. Auch das "V" kann geschwungen sein, oder, anders ausgedrückt, nicht spitz zulaufend. Der Hohlkegel kann beliebig geformt sein, solange er seine abdeckende Aufgabe erfüllt.The device used for metering or blocking according to the invention can also be embodied as an inverted hollow and downwardly open cone, wherein the hollow cone has the central cut surface in the form of an inverted "V" s. The inverted hollow cone is larger at the location of the largest cross section in cross section than the air supply to be covered. Also, the "V" can be curved, or, in other words, not pointed. The hollow cone can be shaped arbitrarily, as long as it fulfills its covering task.
In einer einfachen Ausführungsform kann die Vorrichtung zum Abdecken und Dosieren als einfache Klappe geartet sein, die nicht an der Luftzuführungsvorrichtung befestigt ist. Die Vorrichtung kann sich mittels einer Stange mit einem Bewegungsmechanismus heben oder senken lassen.In a simple embodiment, the capping and dosing device may be a simple flap that is not attached to the air supply device is attached. The device can be raised or lowered by a rod with a moving mechanism.
Schließlich kann die Abdeckung auch als massiver Kegel geartet sein, der in die luftzuführende Vorrichtung hineinbewegt wird, so dass sich die luftzuführende Vorrichtung oder das Rohr durch das Hineinbewegen schließt. Der massive Kegel kann auch als hohler, aber nach allen Seiten geschlossener Kegel geartet sein. Dieser erfüllt die abdeckende Funktion ebenfalls, indem er mit der Spitze in die luftzuführende Vorrichtung bewegt wird, und diese dadurch absperrt. Er wird aber möglicherweise in der Herstellung preiswerter sein. Die abdeckende, erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung kann auch als einfache Platte geformt sein, solange diese ihre abdeckende Funktion erfüllt. Die abdeckende, erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung kann schließlich beliebig geformt sein, solange diese ihre erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe erfüllt.Finally, the cover can also be a solid cone, which is moved into the air-supplying device, so that the air-supplying device or the tube closes by moving in. The massive cone can also be made as a hollow, but on all sides closed cone. This fulfills the covering function also by being moved with the tip in the air-supplying device, and thereby shut off. But he may be cheaper to manufacture. The covering device used according to the invention can also be shaped as a simple plate as long as it fulfills its covering function. The covering, inventively used device may eventually be arbitrarily shaped, as long as it fulfills its task according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung kann aus jedem beliebigen Material gefertigt sein, das den hohen Temperaturen an der Koksofenkammerdecke ausreichend standhält. Dies kann beispielsweise Edelstahl sein, dies kann aber auch Keramik oder Stein sein. Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung kann auch mit Dichtungen oder Sperrvorrichtungen ausgestattet sein.The device used according to the invention can be made of any material that can withstand the high temperatures of the coke oven chamber ceiling sufficiently. This can be for example stainless steel, but this can also be ceramic or stone. The device used according to the invention can also be equipped with seals or locking devices.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung kann auf der Innenseite auch Verdickungen besitzen, die sich in die Luftzuführungsvorrichtung einfahren lassen und diese so zusätzlich dicht verschließen. Diese sind vorzugsweise aus feuerfestem Material gefertigt. Dies ist hilfreich insbesondere in der Anfahrphase. Diese Verdickungen können sich mit Schraubvorrichtungen gegenüber der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung zum Abdecken und Dosieren heben oder senken lassen.The device used according to the invention may also have thickenings on the inner side, which can be retracted into the air supply device and thus additionally seal it tightly. These are preferably made of refractory material. This is helpful, especially during the start-up phase. These thickenings can be raised or lowered with screwing devices relative to the device for covering and dosing used according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung wird von der Luftzuführung wegbewegt, so dass diese die luftzuführende Vorrichtung öffnet. Handelt es sich bei der luftzuführenden Vorrichtung um einen umgedrehten Becher, so wird dieser durch Anheben von der luftzuführenden Vorrichtung wegbewegt. In der geschlossenen Position liegt er einfach auf dem Rohr auf, so dass dieses geschlossen wird. In einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform ist der Becher nach unten mit einer Stange verbunden, so dass dieser mit einem hydraulischen Hebezylinder verbunden ist. Diese hydraulische Hebevorrichtung hebt den umgedrehten Becher oder senkt ihn, so dass dieser in der gesenkten Form das Rohr absperrt. Die Vorrichtung kann zweistufig ("offen"-"geschlossen") oder aber mit einer beliebigen Stufenzahl bis unendlich gesenkt oder gehoben werden.The device used according to the invention is moved away from the air supply, so that it opens the air-supplying device. If the air-supplying device is an inverted cup, it is moved away from the air-supplying device by lifting. In the closed position, it simply rests on the tube so that it closes. In an exemplary embodiment, the cup is connected downwardly with a rod so that it is connected to a hydraulic lifting cylinder. This hydraulic jack raises or lowers the inverted cup so that it shuts off the tube in the lowered form. The device can be two-stage ("open" - "closed") or lowered with any number of stages to infinity or be lifted.
Die Vorrichtung zum Öffnen oder Schließen kann auch durch seitliches Wegschwenken die gewünschte Funktion ausüben. Dies geschieht durch eine Gelenkvorrichtung, die an der abdeckenden Vorrichtung befestigt ist. Diese kann in beliebige Richtungen wegschwenken. Auch der Schwenkvorgang kann in einer Stufenzahl von zwei bis unendlich ("stufenlos") erfolgen.The device for opening or closing can also exert the desired function by pivoting away sideways. This is done by a hinge device which is attached to the covering device. This can be in any Swing away directions. Also, the pivoting process can be done in a number of stages from two to infinity ("stepless").
Handelt es sich bei der abdeckenden Vorrichtung um einen massiven Kegel, so wird dieser in der Regel nur durch Heben oder Senken bewegt, da ein Wegschwenken in der Regel nicht möglich ist. Prinzipiell ist aber jede Vorrichtung denkbar, die die abdeckende Vorrichtung von der luftzuführenden Vorrichtung hin- und wegbewegt.If the covering device is a solid cone, then it is usually moved only by lifting or lowering, since pivoting away is generally not possible. In principle, however, any device is conceivable which moves the covering device back and forth from the air-supplying device.
Die Abdeckung ist in der Regel im Querschnitt größer als die luftzuführende Vorrichtung oder das Rohr, um eine vollständige Abdeckung gewährleisten zu können. Auch eine unvollständig abdeckende Vorrichtung ist denkbar, wird jedoch nur selten ausgeführt. Typische größte Querschnitte für eine erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Abdeckung sind 80 bis 280 Millimeter. Typische größte Querschnitte für Luftzuführungen oder Rohre, die mit der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Abdeckung ausgerüstet sind, sind 50 bis 250 Millimeter. Die Rohre sind in einer typischen Ausführungsform 50 bis 1200 mm hoch.The cover is usually larger in cross-section than the air-supplying device or the tube in order to ensure complete coverage can. Even an incomplete covering device is conceivable, but is rarely performed. Typical largest cross sections for a cover used according to the invention are 80 to 280 millimeters. Typical largest cross sections for air supply lines or pipes, which are equipped with the cover used according to the invention, are 50 to 250 millimeters. The tubes are 50 to 1200 mm high in a typical embodiment.
Die Luftzuführung kann auf der Innenseite mit luftleitenden Vorrichtungen versehen sein. Die Luftzuführung kann auf der Innenseite beispielsweise mit einer Verengung ausgerüstet sein, die eine Venturi-Effekt auf das einströmende Gas ausübt. Dadurch wird die Geschwindigkeit des einströmenden Luftstromes erhöht. Die Luftzuführung kann auch mit Leitblechen versehen sein. Die Luftzuführung kann auf der Innenseite der Koksofenkammer ebenfalls mit gasleitenden Vorrichtungen oder Tüllen versehen sein. Handelt es sich bei der abdeckenden Vorrichtung um eine Platte oder einen Becher, so kann diese mit einer Öffnung oder einem Schauglas versehen sein, mit dem die unter der Abdeckung gelegenen Bereiche einzusehen oder zugänglich sind.The air supply can be provided on the inside with air-conducting devices. The air supply may be equipped on the inside, for example with a constriction, which exerts a Venturi effect on the incoming gas. As a result, the speed of the incoming air flow is increased. The air supply can also be provided with baffles. The air supply can also be provided on the inside of the coke oven chamber with gas-conducting devices or nozzles. If the covering device is a plate or cup, it may be provided with an opening or sight glass for viewing or accessing the areas under the cover.
Meist sind die Luftzuführungen so angeordnet, dass diese einzeln und mehrfach auf der Decke von Koksofenkammern angeordnet sind. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, Sammelrohre zu verwenden, die zentral die Luft einsaugen und diese an die einzelnen Luftzuführungen zu verteilen. Ein Beispiel für ein Sammelrohr, das zur Gasausführung aus mehreren mit gasausführenden Rohren ausgestatteten Verkokungskammern dient, gibt die
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung ist einfach zu montieren, ist kostengünstig und lässt sich leicht warten oder von Verschmutzungen reinigen.The device used in the invention is easy to assemble, is inexpensive and can be easily maintained or cleaned of dirt.
Beansprucht wird insbesondere auch ein Verfahren, durch das sich der Luftzutritt in die primäre Heizkammer mit einer erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung regeln lässt. Beansprucht wird ein Verfahren zur Dosierung oder Absperrung primärer Verbrennungsluft in den Primärheizraum von horizontalen Koksofenkammern, wobei
- in den primären Heizraum einer Koksofenkammer einer Koksofenbank oder einer Koksofenbatterie primäre Verbrennungsluft durch eine Öffnung in der Decke der Koksofenkammer eingelassen wird, und
- diese primäre Verbrennungsluft zur teilweisen Verbrennung des Verkokungsgases dient, welches bei der Verkokung in den über dem Kokskuchen und innerhalb der Koksofenkammer gelegenen Gasraum gelangt, und
- das dabei erhaltene teilverbrannte Verkokungsgas durch geeignete Kanäle in einen unterhalb der Verkokungskammer gelegenen sekundären Heizraum gelangt, in der das teilverbrannte Verkokungsgas mit sekundärer Verbrennungsluft vollständig verbrannt wird,
- die Öffnungen zum Einlass der primären Verbrennungsluft mit einer ausserhalb der Koksofenkammer angeordneten Vorrichtung versehen sind, die eine Dosierung der primären Verbrennungsluft oder eine Absperrung des Zulasses an primärer Verbrennungsluft in den Verkokungsraum einer Koksofenkammer vornimmt, und
- die Abdeckung die Dosierung der Primärluft durch senkrechtes Anheben vornimmt, und diese Vorrichtung zum Dosieren oder Absperren der primären Verbrennungsluft in den primären Verbrennungsraum einer Koksofenkammer durch senkrechtes Anheben genutzt wird.
- in the primary heating chamber of a coke oven chamber of a coke oven bank or a coke oven battery primary combustion air is introduced through an opening in the ceiling of the coke oven chamber, and
- this primary combustion air is used for the partial combustion of the coking gas, which passes in the coking into the above the coke cake and within the coke oven chamber gas space, and
- the partially burnt coking gas obtained thereby passes through suitable channels into a secondary boiler room located below the coking chamber, in which the partially burned coking gas is completely burned with secondary combustion air,
- the openings for the inlet of the primary combustion air are provided with a device arranged outside the coke oven chamber, which performs a metering of the primary combustion air or a blocking of the admission of primary combustion air into the coking space of a coke oven chamber, and
- the cover makes the metering of the primary air by vertical lifting, and this device is used for metering or shutting off the primary combustion air into the primary combustion chamber of a coke oven chamber by vertical lifting.
Zur Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es möglich, die Vorrichtung zur Dosierung und Absperrung auf nur einer Luftzuführung einer oder mehrerer Koksofenkammern einer Koksofenbatterie oder einer Koksofenbank anzuordnen und zum Regeln des Luftzutritts zu nutzen. Diese kann an beliebiger Stelle angebracht sein, wobei dann auch weitere Luftzutrittsvorrichtungen vorhanden sein können, die ungeregelt sind. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, dass die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung auf mehreren Luftzuführungen einer oder mehrerer Koksofenkammern einer Koksofenbatterie oder einer Koksofenbank sitzt und zum Regeln des Luftzutritts genutzt wird. Beispielsweise können auch alle Luftzuführungen einer Koksofenkammer mit der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung zum Absperren versehen sein. Diese können in jedem Fall einzeln oder simultan geregelt werden.For carrying out the method according to the invention, it is possible to arrange the device for metering and blocking on only one air feed of one or more coke oven chambers of a coke oven battery or a coke oven and to use for controlling the air inlet. This can be attached at any point, in which case also other air inlet devices may be present, which are unregulated. It is likewise possible for the apparatus used according to the invention to be seated on a plurality of air inlets of one or more coke oven chambers of a coke oven battery or a coke oven bank and to be used to regulate the admission of air. For example, all the air inlets of a coke oven chamber can be provided with the device according to the invention used for shutting off. These can in any case be regulated individually or simultaneously.
Die Betätigung kann manuell aus der Ferne erfolgen, indem ein Hebel, ein Seilzug oder ein Gestänge genutzt wird. Der Antrieb der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung kann auch hydraulisch oder elektrisch vorgenommen werden. Dies kann beispielsweise direkt an der Abdeckung oder auch aus der Ferne, beispielsweise über einen Hebel vorgenommen werden. Das Verfahren kann bei Anwendung einer hydraulischen oder elektrischen Vorrichtung auch automatisiert werden, beispielsweise mit einer Prozessleitsteuerung. Hierzu können auch Sensoren angewendet werden, die beispielsweise die Temperatur oder den Sauerstoffgehalt in der Koksofenkammer oder im Primärheizraum erfassen. Verwendet werden können auch Sensoren, die die Stellung der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung erfassen. Schließlich ist es auch möglich, die Vorrichtung zu verwenden, wenn durch ein Gebläse oder ein Kompressor in der luftzuführenden Vorrichtung ein leichter und konstanter Überdruck erzeugt wird.The operation can be done manually remotely using a lever, a cable or a linkage. The drive of the device used according to the invention can also be carried out hydraulically or electrically. This can for example be done directly on the cover or from a distance, for example via a lever. The method can also be automated when using a hydraulic or electrical device, for example with a process control. For this purpose, it is also possible to use sensors which detect, for example, the temperature or the oxygen content in the coke oven chamber or in the primary heating space. It is also possible to use sensors which detect the position of the device used according to the invention. Finally, it is also possible to use the device when a light and constant overpressure is generated by a blower or a compressor in the air supply device.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung ist einfach zu montieren, da sie von außen auf die Luftzuführungsvorrichtung aufgebracht wird und lässt sich leicht nachträglich montieren. Sie ist wartungsarm und leicht von Verschmutzungen zu reinigen. Durch die Art der Anordnung ist der Platzbedarf sowohl der Vorrichtung als auch der damit ausgerüsteten Koksofenkammer gering. Durch die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung kann der Luftzutritt in eine Primärheizkammer leicht geregelt werden, so dass eine gleichmäßig verteilte Luftzuführung in den Primärheizraum und eine entsprechend verbesserte Qualität des erhaltenen Kokses erreicht wird. Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Vorrichtung zur Abdeckung und Dosierung lässt sich mit einem Verfahren betreiben, das leicht automatisierbar ist und von Messparametern in der Koksofenkammer gesteuert werden kann.The inventively used device is easy to assemble, since it is applied from the outside to the air supply device and can be easily retrofitted. It is low maintenance and easy to clean from dirt. Due to the nature of the arrangement, the space requirement of both the device and the coke oven chamber equipped with it is low. By means of the device used according to the invention, the admission of air into a primary heating chamber can be easily regulated, so that a uniformly distributed air supply into the primary heating space and a correspondingly improved quality of the coke obtained are achieved. The device used according to the invention for covering and dosing can be operated with a method that is easy can be automated and controlled by measuring parameters in the coke oven chamber.
Die Ausführung der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung wird anhand von zwölf Zeichnungen erläutert, wobei die Ausführung der Erfindung nicht auf diese Ausführungsarten beschränkt bleibt.The embodiment of the device used in the invention will be explained with reference to twelve drawings, wherein the embodiment of the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
- 11
- Vorrichtung zur Dosierung und AbsperrungDevice for metering and blocking
- 1a1a
- Umgedrehter BecherUpside down mug
- 1b1b
- Runde, kragenförmige AbdeckungRound, collar-shaped cover
- 1c1c
- Verdickungthickening
- 1d1d
- Schraubvorrichtungscrewing
- 1e1e
- Hohlkegelhollow cone
- 1f1f
- Massiver, geschlossener KegelMassive, closed cone
- 1g1g
- Umgedrehter Becher als geschwungenes "W"Upside down cup as a curved "W"
- 1h1h
- Klappeflap
- 1i1i
- Klappenstellungen des HerunterklappensFlap positions of folding down
- 1j1j
- Tragstangesupporting rod
- 1k1k
- Umgedrehter Hohlkegel aus MauersteinenTurned hollow cone made of bricks
- 22
- Luftzuführungair supply
- 2a2a
- Mauersteine der LuftzuführungsvorrichtungBricks of the air supply device
- 2b2 B
- Als Vorsprung gemauerter LuftzuführungskanalAs projection bricked air supply duct
- 33
- PrimärheizraumPrimärheizraum
- 44
- Kokskammerofencoke oven chamber
- 55
- Decke des KokskammerofensCeiling of the coke oven
- 66
- Luftzustromair flow
- 77
- Stangepole
- 7a7a
- Gelenke zum Bewegen der StangeJoints for moving the rod
- 88th
- Hydraulikzylinderhydraulic cylinders
- 8a8a
- Stellmotorservomotor
- 8b8b
- Verbindungskabelconnection cable
- 8c8c
- Steuergerätcontrol unit
- 99
- Inspektionsöffnung mit GriffInspection opening with handle
- 1010
- Griff zum ÖffnenHandle to open
- 10a10a
- Manuelles ÖffnenManual opening
- 1111
- Tüllenspouts
- 1212
- Verengungen zur Erhöhung der Gasstromgeschwindigkeit "Venturi-Effekt"Constrictions to increase the gas flow velocity "Venturi effect"
- 1313
- Kokskuchencoke cake
- 1414
- Koksofenkammertüren (mit Öffnungsvorrichtung)Coke oven chamber doors (with opening device)
- 1515
- "Downcomer"-Kanäle"Downcomer" channels
- 15a15a
- Öffnungen der "Downcomer"-KanäleOpenings of the "downcomer" channels
- 1616
- SekundärheizraumSekundärheizraum
- 1717
- SekundärluftsohleSecondary air sole
- 17a17a
- Vorrichtung zur Dosierung und Absperrung der SekundärluftsohleöffnungDevice for metering and blocking the secondary air sac opening
Claims (19)
- Coke oven encompassing a device comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning and cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), wherein• at least one aperture (2) for supply of primary combustion air is arranged in the top ceiling (5) of at least one coke oven chamber (4) of a coke oven bank or coke oven battery,characterized in that• this aperture (2) possesses a cover (1) which covers the air supply (2) on the outer side, with it being possible to withdraw this cover (1) gradually so as to partially open the aperture (2) for the supply of air, thus enabling the admittance of air, and• the number of stages for withdrawal of the cover (1) and for opening (2) the air supply ranging between two and an infinite number, and• the cover (1) is connected to a rod (7) which can be moved in vertical direction by means of a mechanical device such that the cover (1) opens or closes the air supply (2) by the vertical movement.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in Claim 1 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the air feeder(s) (2) are configured as simple and vertical tubes leading through the top ceiling (5) of the coke oven (4) and thus supplying the primary heating space (3) with primary air.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in Claims 1 or 2 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the cover (1) is configured as a disk having a round collar-shaped cover (1b) directed towards the coke oven chamber so that it has a cross-section having the shape of a cup, this cover being larger in cross-section than the air feeder (2) to be covered.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in Claim 1 or 2 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the cover (1) is configured as a hollow downwardly open cone (1e) which at the position of the largest cross-section is greater in cross section than the air feeder (2) to be covered.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in any of the preceding Claims 1 to 4 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the cover (1) has a thickening (1c) on the side facing the air feeder device (2) and the coke oven chamber (4), said thickening moving into the air feeder device (2) during the closure procedure and thus closing it tightly.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in Claim 5 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the thickening (1c) is fabricated of a refractory material.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in Claim 5 or 6 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the thickening (1c) can be raised or lowered in its height versus the device (1) for covering and dosed proportioning by means of a bolting device (1d).
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in Claim 1 or 2 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the cover (1) is configured as a massive or covered cone (1f) and can be moved with its tip into the air feeder (2), thus covering it.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in any of the preceding Claims 1 to 8 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the air feeder device (2) is configured as a tube having a cross-section of 50 to 250 millimeters at the position of the largest cross- section, and that the cover (1) has a cross-section of 80 to 280 millimeters at the position of the largest cross-section.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in any of the preceding Claims 1 to 9comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the air feeder device (2) is configured as a tube which in its interior comprises a bottleneck (12) that exerts a Venturi effect increasing the air flow velocity on the air streaming-in.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in any of the preceding Claims 1 to 10 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the cover (1) comprises an aperture (9) or sight glass through which the areas located beneath the cover (1) are accessible and can be visually inspected.
- Coke oven encompassing a device as defined in any of the preceding Claims 1 to 11 comprising an aperture (2) and a cover (1) for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), characterized in that the air feeder tubes (1) in the primary combustion space (3) are connected to a collective tube that feeds primary combustion air from the outside and distributes it into the individual air feeder tubes (2) of the primary combustion space(s) (3) of a coke oven battery or coke oven bank, and that the device (1) for cutoff or dosed proportioning is arranged on the outer end of the collective tube averted from the coke oven chamber.
- A method for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4), wherein• primary combustion air is admitted through one aperture (2) in the top ceiling (5) of a coke oven chamber (4) into the primary heating space (3) of a coke oven chamber (4) of a coke oven bank or coke oven battery, and• this primary combustion air serves for partial combustion of the coking gas which streams on coal carbonization into the gas space situated above the coke cake (13) and within the coke oven chamber (4), and• the partially burnt coking gas thus obtained streams through appropriate channels (15) into a secondary heating space (3) situated beneath the coking chamber (4) where the partially burnt coking gas is completely burnt with secondary combustion air,characterized in that• the apertures (1) for admittance of primary combustion air are provided with a device (2) arranged outside the coke oven chamber (4) and accomplishing a dosed proportioning of primary combustion air or a cutoff of the admittance of primary combustion air into the coking space (3) of a 10 coke oven chamber (4), and• the cover (2) accomplishes dosed proportioning of the primary air by lifting vertically and this device (1) for dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air in the primary combustion space (3) of a coke oven chamber (4) by vertical lifting is utilized.
- The method for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4) as defined in Claim 13, characterized in that the device (1) sits on only one air feeder (2) of one or several coke oven chamber(s) (4) of a coke oven battery or coke oven bank and is utilized for regulating the admittance of air.
- The method for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4) as defined in Claim 13, characterized in that the device (1) sits on several air feeders (2) of one or several coke oven chamber(s) (4) of a coke oven battery or coke oven bank and is utilized for regulating the admittance of air.
- The method for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4) as defined in any of the preceding Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the device(s) (1) is (are) actuated manually via a lever, a linkage or a rope tackle.
- The method for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4) as defined in any of the preceding Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the device(s) (1) is (are) actuated hydraulically.
- Method for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4) as defined in any of the preceding Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the device(s) (1) is (are) actuated by an electric motor.
- Method for admittance and dosed proportioning or cutoff of primary combustion air fed into the primary heating space (3) of horizontal coke oven chambers (4) as defined in any of the preceding Claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the supply of primary combustion air is accomplished via a blower or compressor operating at a slight, though constant positive pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102009012264A DE102009012264A1 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2009-03-11 | Apparatus and method for metering or blocking primary combustion air into the primary heating space of horizontal coke oven chambers |
PCT/EP2010/000896 WO2010102707A1 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-02-13 | Device and method for dosing or shutting off primary combustion air in the primary heating room of horizontal coke-oven chambers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2406344A1 EP2406344A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
EP2406344B1 true EP2406344B1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP10711548.7A Not-in-force EP2406344B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-02-13 | Device and method for dosing or shutting off primary combustion air in the primary heating room of horizontal coke-oven chambers |
Country Status (20)
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US (1) | US8409405B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2406344B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5576410B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110125669A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102348781B (en) |
AR (1) | AR076069A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2010223644B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI1006188A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2755145A1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2011002250A1 (en) |
CO (1) | CO6362037A2 (en) |
CU (1) | CU20110172A7 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009012264A1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA201190185A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2011009472A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ595596A (en) |
PE (1) | PE20120837A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW201102422A (en) |
UA (1) | UA102428C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010102707A1 (en) |
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-
2009
- 2009-03-11 DE DE102009012264A patent/DE102009012264A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-02-13 US US13/255,422 patent/US8409405B2/en active Active
- 2010-02-13 EP EP10711548.7A patent/EP2406344B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-02-13 WO PCT/EP2010/000896 patent/WO2010102707A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-02-13 KR KR1020117023684A patent/KR20110125669A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-02-13 EA EA201190185A patent/EA201190185A1/en unknown
- 2010-02-13 AU AU2010223644A patent/AU2010223644B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-02-13 JP JP2011553304A patent/JP5576410B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2010-02-13 BR BRPI1006188A patent/BRPI1006188A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2010-02-13 UA UAA201110554A patent/UA102428C2/en unknown
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- 2010-02-13 CA CA2755145A patent/CA2755145A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-13 MX MX2011009472A patent/MX2011009472A/en active IP Right Grant
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PE20120837A1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
JP5576410B2 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
TW201102422A (en) | 2011-01-16 |
KR20110125669A (en) | 2011-11-21 |
US20110315538A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
US8409405B2 (en) | 2013-04-02 |
CN102348781B (en) | 2014-11-19 |
BRPI1006188A2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
JP2012519764A (en) | 2012-08-30 |
CU20110172A7 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
CA2755145A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
MX2011009472A (en) | 2012-01-12 |
CL2011002250A1 (en) | 2012-01-27 |
EP2406344A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
CN102348781A (en) | 2012-02-08 |
NZ595596A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
EA201190185A1 (en) | 2012-04-30 |
UA102428C2 (en) | 2013-07-10 |
CO6362037A2 (en) | 2012-01-20 |
DE102009012264A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
AR076069A1 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
AU2010223644A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
AU2010223644B2 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
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