EP2405198B1 - Procédé de calibration de régulation du rapport gaz combustible-air d'un brûleur à gaz combustible - Google Patents

Procédé de calibration de régulation du rapport gaz combustible-air d'un brûleur à gaz combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2405198B1
EP2405198B1 EP11005288A EP11005288A EP2405198B1 EP 2405198 B1 EP2405198 B1 EP 2405198B1 EP 11005288 A EP11005288 A EP 11005288A EP 11005288 A EP11005288 A EP 11005288A EP 2405198 B1 EP2405198 B1 EP 2405198B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel gas
gas
signal
fuel
ionisation
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Active
Application number
EP11005288A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2405198A1 (fr
Inventor
Jochen Dr. Wriske
Hans-Josef Weiser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
    • F23N2225/30—Measuring humidity measuring lambda
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/20—Calibrating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05181—Controlling air to fuel ratio by using a single differential pressure detector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for calibrating a device for controlling the fuel gas-air ratio of a combustion gas-powered burner.
  • the air ratio is first increased until the flame lifts, which is detected by a flame sensor. Then the mixture is defined again enriched by reducing the air supply.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for calibrating a device for controlling the fuel gas-air ratio of a gas-powered burner with differential pressure sensor between the fuel gas and combustion air line without oxygen - or carbon dioxide measurement of the exhaust gas.
  • the object is achieved in that in a fuel gas burner with differential pressure, mass or flow sensor between fuel gas and combustion air line during operation of the burner, the fuel gas-air mixture is emaciated and in this case the ionization signal is measured continuously. From the ionization signal a gradient is formed during the change. If the gradient exceeds a certain value, or if the gradient rises disproportionately in comparison to the previous course, then the emaciation is ended and the fuel gas-air mixture is enriched in a defined manner. In this state, the signal of the differential pressure, mass or volume flow sensor is measured. In the case in which the sensor flows through or is subjected to a differential pressure, the control device must be readjusted. For this purpose, the fuel gas flow is changed by changing the diameter or any other change in the resistance of the throttle.
  • the change in diameter or other change in the resistance of the throttle can be carried out step by step, with ionization calibration again after each step.
  • the process is terminated as soon as after ionization calibration Measuring signal of the differential pressure sensor, flow sensor or mass flow sensor falls below a predetermined limit.
  • the method is terminated only after a lonisationskalibrierung the measurement signal of the differential pressure sensor, flow sensor or mass flow sensor falls below a predetermined limit and then a change in diameter or other change in the resistance of the throttle continuously until the measurement signal of the differential pressure sensor, flow sensor or mass flow sensor balanced pressure , or no volume or mass flow indicates.
  • the diameter change or other change in the resistance of the throttle takes place until the measuring signal of the differential pressure sensor, volume flow sensor or mass flow sensor indicates a balanced pressure or no volume or mass flow.
  • the measurement signal of the ionization signal measurement is highly dependent on deposits on the electrode as well as the position of the electrode. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use exceeding or falling below a certain absolute value as a relevant event.
  • the sharp increase in the gradient is a sure sign that the flame will soon lift off as the proportion of air increases further.
  • the gradient can be determined by dividing the difference signal of the ionization electrode with the differential speed of the fan motor. Alternatively, a division of the difference signal of the ionization with the difference position of the actuator of a gas valve or a differential time unit can be done.
  • the signal of the ionization electrode can be detected by serially connecting a constant voltage source to the flame of the burner and a resistor, and measuring the voltage drop across the resistor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a burner 1 with blower 8 with blower motor 9 in an air inlet 12.
  • air inlet 12 opens a gas line 13, in which a gas valve 10 with actuator 11 and a throttle 15 with actuator 16 is located.
  • the blower motor 9 and the actuator 11 of the gas valve 10 and the actuator 16 of the throttle 15 are connected to a controller 7.
  • a differential pressure sensor 14 Between the gas line 13 and the air inlet 12 is a differential pressure sensor 14, which is also connected to the controller 7.
  • the burner 1 is a flame 2, in which an ionization electrode 3 protrudes.
  • the ionization electrode 3 is connected to a voltage source 4. This is connected to its second electrode with a resistor 5, which in turn is connected to the burner 1. Parallel to the resistor 5, a voltmeter 6 is connected, which is connected to the controller 7.
  • the fan 8 sucks in combustion air via the air inlet 12.
  • the speed n of the fan 8 can be adjusted continuously.
  • the actuator 16 of the throttle 15, preferably a stepper motor, remains in a constant position, so that the throttle has a constant cross-section.
  • the gas valve 10 Via the gas valve 10, the amount of fuel gas supplied, which flows in via the gas line 13, can be changed continuously; In this case, the number of steps n s of the actuator 11 is detected.
  • fuel gas and air are mixed with each other and ignited at the outlet of the burner 1, so that a flame 2 is formed.
  • the controller 7 controls the blower motor 9. The controller 7 adjusts the actuator 11 of the gas valve 10 such that equal pressures are applied to both sides of the differential pressure sensor 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows the course of the measured at the resistor 5 voltage U on the air ratio ⁇ and the fan speed n.
  • a safety device e.g. the gas valve 10 locks the fuel gas supply.
  • the burner 1 first runs with a previously unknown excess of air.
  • the speed n of the blower 8 is increased.
  • the air ratio ⁇ increases.
  • the voltage drop U across the resistor 5 is measured continuously over the time t and passed on to the controller 7.
  • the gradient ⁇ U / ⁇ n is calculated.
  • the air ratio ⁇ is then about 1.6.
  • the speed n of the blower is now deliberately reduced in such a way that an air ratio ⁇ ⁇ 1.25 is established.
  • the air ratio is not measured in this case, but rather the speed is defined defined according blower characteristic, so that a corresponding reduction of the air mass flow is expected. This process is called ionization calibration.
  • the cross section of the throttle 15 is increased by adjusting the actuator 16, so that more fuel gas flows upon activation of the constant pressure control. If the pressure on the fuel gas side is lower than on the combustion air side, the cross section of the throttle 15 is reduced by adjusting the actuator 16 so that less fuel gas flows upon activation of the constant pressure control.
  • an ionization calibration is performed again.
  • an adjustment of the cross-section of the throttle 15 is optionally carried out again. Ionization calibration and adaptation of the cross section of the throttle 15 are repeated until the signal of the differential pressure sensor 14 falls below a predetermined limit value.
  • the cross-sectional change eg number of steps of the stepping motor of the actuator 16
  • the throttle cross-section be changed until equal pressures applied to both sides of the differential pressure sensor.
  • the throttle cross-section can be changed as long as the same pressures are present on both sides of the differential pressure sensor.
  • a gradient of differential voltage .DELTA.U to differential setting position of the actuator .DELTA.n s may be formed alternatively to the gradient determination by means of quotient difference signal to the differential speed .DELTA.U / .DELTA.n s , if instead of increasing the fan speed, a reduction of the fuel gas quantity is made.
  • a gradient of the time can also be formed with constant emaciation ( ⁇ U ⁇ ).
  • the operating state in which liftoff is imminent may be determined by comparing the current gradient to at least one previous gradient, and in the event that the current gradient exceeds the compare value (s) by a certain percentage, the expected state is present. For example, the lowest measured gradient can be used as comparison value. Alternatively, an absolute value can be specified.
  • the time difference or speed difference In order to eliminate the influence of signal noise (fluctuation of the measuring signal by a trend line), the time difference or speed difference must not be selected too small.
  • the voltage of the flame U flame can also be measured directly. In this case, however, the ionization voltage at stoichiometric combustion is maximum and the ionization voltage signal drops as the air ratio is increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Méthode de calibrage d'un appareil de régulation du rapport de gaz/air combustible d'un brûleur à gaz combustible (1), ayant un tuyau d'air comburant (12) et un tuyau de gaz combustible (13), qui se termine par un restricteur (15) dans le tuyau d'air comburant (12), dans laquelle la résistance ou la section en coupe interne du restricteur (15) peut être modifiée, et un capteur de pression différentielle (14), capteur de débit de volume ou capteur de débit de masse entre le tuyau de gaz combustible (13) et le tuyau d'air comburant (12), ou un point de référence auquel une pression dépendante du débit d'air comburant prévaut, et un électrode d'ionisation (3), au moyen d'un débit d'ionisation ou d'une tension d'allumage d'ionisation entre la flamme (2) et une référence, de préférence la masse, est mesuré, dans lequel, pendant le fonctionnement du brûleur (1), la calibration de l'ionisation a lieu, dans laquelle le mélange gaz/air combustible est diminué et ainsi le signal de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) est continuellement mesuré, après quoi le gradient du signal de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) est formé, la diminution du mélange gaz/air combustible est terminé lorsqu'un gradient spécifique est dépassé ou lorsqu'il y a une augmentation disproportionnellement élevée du gradient et le mélange gaz/air combustible est enrichi de façon sélective,
    puis le signal du capteur de pression différentielle (14), capteur de débit de volume ou capteur de débit de masse est mesuré,
    dans le cas où le capteur (14) est traversé ou actionné dans la direction du tuyau d'air comburant (12), le débit de gaz combustible augmente en augmentant le diamètre ou par une autre réduction de la résistance du restricteur (15) et,
    dans le cas où le capteur (14) est traversé ou actionné dans la direction du tuyau de gaz combustible (13), le débit de gaz combustible diminue en réduisant le diamètre ou par une autre augmentation de la résistance du restricteur (15).
  2. Méthode de calibrage d'un appareil de régulation du rapport gaz/air combustible d'un brûleur à gaz combustible (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la modification du diamètre ou autre modification de la résistance du restricteur (15) a lieu par étapes,
    après chaque étape, un autre calibrage d'ionisation a lieu et, après un calibrage d'ionisation, dès que le signal de mesure du capteur de pression différentielle (14), capteur de débit de volume ou capteur de débit de masse dépasse une limite prédéterminée, la méthode se termine ou
    une modification du diamètre ou autre modification de la résistance du restricteur (15) a lieu continuellement jusqu'à ce que le signal de mesure du capteur de pression différentielle (14), capteur de débit de volume ou capteur de débit de masse affiche une pression homogène ou aucun débit de volume ou de masse.
  3. Méthode de calibrage d'un appareil de régulation du rapport air/gaz combustible d'un brûleur à gaz combustible (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la modification du diamètre ou autre modification de la résistance du restricteur (15) a lieu jusqu'à ce que le signal de mesure du capteur de pression différentielle (14), capteur de débit de volume ou capteur de débit de masse affiche une pression homogène ou aucun débit de volume ou de masse.
  4. Méthode de calibrage d'un appareil de régulation du rapport gaz/air combustible d'un brûleur à gaz combustible (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'air est conduit par une soufflante (8) avec un moteur de soufflante (9) et le gradient du signal de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) est déterminé en divisant le signal différentiel de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) et la vitesse de rotation différentielle du moteur de soufflante (9).
  5. Méthode de calibrage d'un appareil de régulation du rapport gaz/air combustible d'un brûleur à gaz combustible (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le gaz combustible est conduit par une soupape de gaz (10) avec un actionneur (11) et le gradient du signal de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) est déterminé en divisant le signal différentiel de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) et la position de commande différentielle de l'actionneur (11).
  6. Méthode de calibrage d'un appareil de régulation du rapport gaz/air combustible d'un brûleur à gaz combustible (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le gradient du signal de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) est déterminé en divisant le signal différentiel de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) et le temps différentiel.
  7. Méthode de calibrage d'un appareil de régulation du rapport gaz/air combustible d'un brûleur à gaz combustible (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'une source de tension constante (4) ou source de débit constant est connectée en série à la flamme (2) du brûleur (1) et une résistance (5) et la chute de tension est mesurée comme étant le signal de l'électrode d'ionisation (3) à la résistance (5).
EP11005288A 2010-07-08 2011-06-29 Procédé de calibration de régulation du rapport gaz combustible-air d'un brûleur à gaz combustible Active EP2405198B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1155/2010A AT510075B1 (de) 2010-07-08 2010-07-08 Verfahren zur kalibrierung einer einrichtung zum regeln des brenngas-luft-verhältnisses eines brenngasbetriebenen brenners

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2405198A1 EP2405198A1 (fr) 2012-01-11
EP2405198B1 true EP2405198B1 (fr) 2013-02-20

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EP (1) EP2405198B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT510075B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2403338T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4119846A1 (fr) 2021-07-14 2023-01-18 Pittway Sarl Procédé et appareil de commande pour faire fonctionner un appareil à brûleur à gaz

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2682679B1 (fr) * 2012-07-04 2017-08-30 Vaillant GmbH Procédé de surveillance d'un brûleur à gaz combustible
US9528712B2 (en) * 2012-11-05 2016-12-27 Pat Caruso Modulating burner system
DE102019110977A1 (de) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Überprüfung eines Gasgemischsensors bei einem brenngasbetriebenen Heizgerät
IT202100032360A1 (it) * 2021-12-23 2023-06-23 Sit Spa Metodo e apparato per il monitoraggio e controllo della combustione in apparecchi bruciatori a gas combustibile
DE102022101305A1 (de) * 2022-01-20 2023-07-20 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur fehlersicheren und mageren Zündung eines Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches an einem Gasbrenner

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4119846A1 (fr) 2021-07-14 2023-01-18 Pittway Sarl Procédé et appareil de commande pour faire fonctionner un appareil à brûleur à gaz
WO2023285352A1 (fr) 2021-07-14 2023-01-19 Pittway Sarl Procédé et dispositif de commande de fonctionnement d'appareil à brûleur à gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2405198A1 (fr) 2012-01-11
AT510075A1 (de) 2012-01-15
AT510075B1 (de) 2012-05-15
ES2403338T3 (es) 2013-05-17

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