EP2390166B1 - Ecological modular vehicle - Google Patents

Ecological modular vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2390166B1
EP2390166B1 EP20110168138 EP11168138A EP2390166B1 EP 2390166 B1 EP2390166 B1 EP 2390166B1 EP 20110168138 EP20110168138 EP 20110168138 EP 11168138 A EP11168138 A EP 11168138A EP 2390166 B1 EP2390166 B1 EP 2390166B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
plates
pair
horizontal
module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20110168138
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2390166A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Thome
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
4C-Ecomobile
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4C-Ecomobile
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR1055266A external-priority patent/FR2960506A1/en
Application filed by 4C-Ecomobile filed Critical 4C-Ecomobile
Priority to EP20110168138 priority Critical patent/EP2390166B1/en
Publication of EP2390166A1 publication Critical patent/EP2390166A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2390166B1 publication Critical patent/EP2390166B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/10—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted in which the main member is plate-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/12—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted assembled from readily detachable parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/02—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/041—Understructures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D63/00—Motor vehicles or trailers not otherwise provided for
    • B62D63/02—Motor vehicles
    • B62D63/025—Modular vehicles

Definitions

  • One aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle having at least two pairs of wheels and provided with a frame.
  • the vehicle may be in the form of, for example, a compact automobile for predominantly urban use.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a chassis.
  • a conventional vehicle is typically composed of materials that are difficult to recycle, or even non-recyclable.
  • a conventional vehicle is relatively heavy, resulting in a relatively large energy consumption. This is at least partly due to a traditional design, based on a single-body metal structure concept that makes weight reduction difficult.
  • this concept of single-body structure frame is not appropriate for a modular vehicle, which can be easily adapted to different types of use.
  • the patent publication JP 5 069854 A discloses an arrangement in which a central frame portion is surrounded by a tunnel portion which corresponds to that described in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the patent publication DE 892 554 C discloses a chassis for automobiles in which end portions are attached to a central portion in the form of a tube or central box.
  • the patent publication JP 1 111574 A discloses a vehicle in which a cab is disposed mid-section in a longitudinal direction of a chassis structure forming a base section of a body.
  • the patent publication GB 520 789 A describes automotive body parts.
  • a vehicle according to the invention makes it possible to meet modern needs for individual or shared urban mobility, in a spirit of lasting relationship with the environment. This concerns aspects related to CO2 emissions, noise level, but also the footprint, and recyclability.
  • the vehicle can have a compact structure, modular, using natural materials.
  • the vehicle is customizable, multi-purpose, multifunctional and customizable.
  • the figure 1 schematically illustrates an ecological modular vehicle 100 by means of a perspective view.
  • the ecological modular vehicle will be called "vehicle” 100 in the following for reasons of simplicity.
  • the vehicle 100 has at least two pairs of wheels, not shown, and is provided with a frame.
  • the frame comprises a beam 101 centrally disposed with respect to the wheel pairs.
  • a set of modules can be mounted on the beam 101 removably.
  • the set of modules comprises at least one front module 102 that can accommodate a front axle, a floor module 103, and a rear module 104 that can accommodate a rear axle.
  • the front module 102, the floor module 103, and the rear module 104 form fundamental structural elements of the vehicle 100.
  • These modules mainly constitute a rolling base architecture.
  • the modules contribute to giving the vehicle 100 a substantial overall rigidity.
  • the modules are designed such that their assemblies around the beam 101 mutually reinforce their rigidity by appropriate interlocking and blocking.
  • a high degree of standardization can be achieved to allow common use for a large number of vehicles.
  • the transition from a rolling base of a 2-seater vehicle to that of a 4-seater vehicle can be done in a simple way by "jumbo" the wheel base.
  • a "slice” can to be added to the wheel base using standard modules, identical for many versions that may exist for the vehicle 100. It is enough to change the beam 101, which will be longer in the case of the passage to the vehicle 100 4 places and to replace the floor module 103 by a longer version.
  • the modules removably mountable on the beam 101 are advantageously made of composite materials incorporating fibers resistant to bending, for example, bamboo fibers. These bending resistant fibers may be bonded together by a thermoplastic material.
  • the fibers may be used in the form of bulk fibers, or in the form of fabrics bonded to a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer matrix.
  • layers of long bamboo fibers are oriented along an axis of an effort to control.
  • An advantage of bamboo fiber is that it allows for large pieces of particularly light weight. The bamboo fiber thus makes it possible to create areas of high rigidity, for example, in the front and rear modules.
  • the modules can be manufactured by a thermoforming process using reinforcing elements such as bamboo fiber.
  • An area with high rigidity can also be obtained by incorporating as reinforcement elements other structures of bamboo, wood or other thermomolded material during the manufacture of the modules.
  • the figure 2 schematically illustrates the beam 101 forming part of the chassis of the vehicle 100 by means of an exploded view in perspective.
  • the beam 101 is provided with fastening arrangements 205-209 for removably mounting the set of modules on the beam 101.
  • These fastening arrangements 205-209 may include, for example, holes for attachment by through bolts.
  • the beam 101 comprises a pair of horizontal plates 201, 202 arranged parallel to each other.
  • the horizontal plates 201, 202 can be formed in S along a longitudinal axis as shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the horizontal plates 201, 202 are advantageously based on biologically decomposable material.
  • the horizontal plates 201, 202 may be made of multiply wood.
  • the plywood can be thermo-molded with prestressing deformation to ensure proper clamping.
  • the beam 101 further comprises a pair of vertical plates 203, 204 arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the horizontal plates 201, 202.
  • the pair of vertical plates 203, 204 is enclosed between the pair of horizontal plates 201, 202.
  • the pair of vertical plates 203, 204 is part of a central structure.
  • This central structure can be welded steel or aluminum.
  • the central structure can also be made of composite materials.
  • the central structure may comprise joining elements as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 . These joining elements have a dual function: first, to ensure a connection of the different elements of the beam 101 and, secondly, to allow the attachment of modules on the beam 101.
  • the connecting elements may be, for example, of forged steel or mechanic -souchts.
  • the vertical plates 203, 204 extend in a zigzag manner along the horizontal plates 201, 202. This contributes to imparting good rigidity to the beam 101, both in flexion and in torsion.
  • Each of the vertical plates 203, 204 may be provided with teeth on an edge touching one of the horizontal plates 201, 202.
  • the horizontal plate in question is then formed of sufficiently soft material so that the teeth can be embedded in the horizontal plate.
  • the beam 101 may be provided with a coating enclosing the pair of horizontal plates 201, 202 and the pair of plates enclosed therebetween. This contributes to a good cohesion and stability of the chassis.
  • the coating can be carried out by an overmolding process.
  • a preliminary version of the beam 101 is put in a bath of thermoplastic material. Then, the preliminary version of the beam 101, having undergone the bath, is placed in a mold of form.
  • the figure 3 schematically illustrates a sectional view of a shock absorbing device 300 for the vehicle 100.
  • the absorption device shock absorber 300 may be disposed on one end of the beam 101.
  • the shock absorbing device 300 comprises a front section with a front contact surface 301.
  • Bending-resistant walls 302, 303 extend perpendicularly from the surface front contact 301 to a carrier section of the frame comprising the pair of horizontal plates 201, 202 shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the flexural-resistant walls 302, 303 advantageously comprise bamboo fibers.
  • the shock absorbing device 300 comprises a main section disposed between the front section and the carrier section of the frame.
  • This main section comprises a sleeve 304 disposed perpendicularly to the front contact surface 301.
  • the sleeve 304 has a cavity comprising a series of notches 305 disposed radially on an inner surface of the sleeve 304.
  • a piston structure 306 is located in the cavity of the sleeve 304.
  • This piston structure 306 has a radial surface between two ends of the piston structure 306 The radial surface is provided with a series of grooves 307 complementary to the series of notches 305 on the inner surface of the sleeve 304.
  • One end of the piston structure 306 is connected to the front section of the shock absorbing device 300.
  • the piston structure 306 includes a bumper section 308, an engagement section 309, and an elastically deformable section 310.
  • the bumper section 308 connects the piston structure 306 to the front contact section.
  • the engagement section 309 includes the radial surface provided with the series of grooves 307.
  • the elastic deformation section 310 is disposed between the stop section 308 and the engagement section 309.
  • the shock absorbing device 300 illustrated in FIG. figure 3 allows two types of deformation: a reversible elastic deformation, and a programmed plastic deformation.
  • the reversible elastic deformation provides protection in the case of a modest shock at low speed. In this case, a progressive deceleration is suitable. Indeed, an impact has a power proportional to its intensity and duration. At equivalent intensity, the shorter the impact time, the more violent the impact.
  • the reversible elastic deformation allows to extend the duration of the impact. It is necessary to optimize the elasticity of the materials and their power of dissipation of stored energy.
  • the piston structure 306 will "jump one or more notches" by deforming the grooves 307. Each time the piston structure 306 passes a notch, a large part of the energy is dissipated in a permanent deformation of the grooves 307.
  • shock absorbing device 300 provides the beam 101 of a structure "fuse", thus avoiding a repair or a systematic change of the beam 101 following a shock.
  • the figure 4 schematically illustrates a mounting 400 of the floor module 103 and reinforcing cross members 401, 402 on the beam 101 by means of an exploded view in perspective.
  • the reinforcing cross members 401, 402 are arranged perpendicular to the beam 101 and they are fixed on the beam 101.
  • the reinforcing cross members 401, 402 comprise at least one of the following materials: thermo-molded wood, and stamped metal.
  • the floor module 103 includes a shock absorbing device 403 disposed between an edge of the floor module 103 and the beam 101.
  • the shock absorbing device 403 in the floor module 103 has a structure which is similar to that of the shock absorption 300 described in the foregoing with reference to the figure 3 .
  • the shock absorbing device 300 may be arranged in a cavity 404 on one end of the beam 101.
  • the figure 5 schematically illustrates the mounting of the floor module 103 and reinforcing cross members 401, 402 on the beam 101 by means of a sectional view. Seat rails 501-504 are added.
  • the figure 6 schematically illustrates a set obtained by the assembly illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  • the figure 7 schematically illustrates an exploded view in perspective of a mounting of the seat rails 501-504 and seats 701, 702 on the reinforcing cross members 401, 402.
  • the figure 8 schematically illustrates a rear module 104 on which a right rear half-train 801 is mounted by means of a perspective view.
  • a space located at a rear portion of the beam 101, between the horizontal plates 201, 202, can be arranged to store traction batteries.
  • the batteries can be mounted in a ventilated rack sliding backwards.
  • the rack may also be provided with a rear shock system, identical to the shock absorbing device 300 described above and which is illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the vehicle 100 can thus have a purely electric propulsion provided by easily interchangeable batteries. Its autonomy can be increased in case of need thanks to the use of an additional module of type “extension unit of action”, in English: “range extender”, with a small internal combustion engine low consumption and small displacement operating a generator. Thus, the batteries can be recharged while driving.
  • the modules can be electrically interconnected using magnetic connectors with automatic disconnection at disconnection.
  • the modules convey only low power currents.
  • a module advantageously has an energy storage unit of its own. It is a concept of decentralized batteries. These batteries can be recharged by a variety of possible sources: solar, wind, plug, etc ....
  • the invention can be advantageously applied in many applications in the field of transport.
  • a bolt fastener is just one example.
  • beam should be interpreted broadly. This term embraces any type of entity of longitudinal shape and having a relatively high rigidity so as to be able to constitute a base for a mechanical structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

Un aspect de l'invention concerne un véhicule disposant d'au moins deux paires de roues et muni d'un châssis. Le véhicule peut être sous forme, par exemple, d'une automobile compacte pour une utilisation principalement urbaine. Un autre aspect de l'invention concerne un procédé pour fabriquer un châssis.One aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle having at least two pairs of wheels and provided with a frame. The vehicle may be in the form of, for example, a compact automobile for predominantly urban use. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a chassis.

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTERIEURESTATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Un véhicule classique est typiquement composé de matériaux difficilement recyclables, ou même non recyclables. De plus, un véhicule classique est relativement lourd, ce qui entraîne une consommation énergétique relativement importante. Ceci est au moins partiellement dû à une conception traditionnelle, fondée sur un concept de structure métallique mono-corps qui rend une réduction de poids difficile. De plus, ce concept de châssis de structure mono-corps est peu approprié pour réaliser un véhicule modulaire, qui peut être facilement adapté à différents types d'utilisation.A conventional vehicle is typically composed of materials that are difficult to recycle, or even non-recyclable. In addition, a conventional vehicle is relatively heavy, resulting in a relatively large energy consumption. This is at least partly due to a traditional design, based on a single-body metal structure concept that makes weight reduction difficult. In addition, this concept of single-body structure frame is not appropriate for a modular vehicle, which can be easily adapted to different types of use.

La publication brevet JP 5 069854 A décrit un agencement dans lequel une partie centrale de châssis est entourée par une partie sous forme d'un tunnel qui correspond à ce qui est décrit part le préambule de la revendication 1. La publication brevet DE 892 554 C décrit un châssis pour voitures automobiles dans lequel des parties extrêmes sont fixées à une partie centrale en forme de tube ou boîte centrale. La publication brevet JP 1 111574 A décrit un véhicule dans lequel une cabine est disposée à mi-section dans une direction longitudinale d'une structure de châssis formant une section de base d'une carrosserie. La publication brevet GB 520 789 A décrit des pièces de carrosserie pour véhicules automobiles.The patent publication JP 5 069854 A discloses an arrangement in which a central frame portion is surrounded by a tunnel portion which corresponds to that described in the preamble of claim 1. The patent publication DE 892 554 C discloses a chassis for automobiles in which end portions are attached to a central portion in the form of a tube or central box. The patent publication JP 1 111574 A discloses a vehicle in which a cab is disposed mid-section in a longitudinal direction of a chassis structure forming a base section of a body. The patent publication GB 520 789 A describes automotive body parts.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Il existe un besoin pour une solution permettant de réaliser un véhicule modulaire écologique.There is a need for a solution to achieve an ecological modular vehicle.

Les revendications indépendantes 1 et 13 résolvent ce problème.
Les revendications dépendantes définissent des caractéristiques supplémentaires qui peuvent être avantageusement appliquées pour mettre en oeuvre l'invention.Independent claims 1 and 13 solve this problem.
Dependent claims define characteristics which can be advantageously applied to implement the invention.

Un véhicule selon l'invention permet de répondre à des besoins modernes de mobilité urbaine individuelle ou partagée, dans un esprit de relation durable avec l'environnement. Ceci concerne des aspects liés aux émissions de CO2, au niveau de bruit, mais également l'emprise au sol, et la recyclabilité. Le véhicule peut avoir une structure compacte, modulaire, faisant appel à des matériaux naturels. Le véhicule est configurable à façon, multi-usages, plurifonctionnel et personnalisable.A vehicle according to the invention makes it possible to meet modern needs for individual or shared urban mobility, in a spirit of lasting relationship with the environment. This concerns aspects related to CO2 emissions, noise level, but also the footprint, and recyclability. The vehicle can have a compact structure, modular, using natural materials. The vehicle is customizable, multi-purpose, multifunctional and customizable.

Une description détaillée en référence à des dessins illustre l'invention brièvement exposée précédemment, ainsi que les caractéristiques supplémentaires.A detailed description with reference to drawings illustrates the invention briefly described above, as well as the additional features.

DESCRIPTION SOMMAIRE DES DESSINS

  • La figure 1 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue en perspective d'un véhicule modulaire écologique.
  • La figure 2 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue explosée en perspective d'une poutre formant une partie du châssis du véhicule modulaire écologique.
  • La figure 3 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue en coupe d'un dispositif d'absorption de choc pour le véhicule modulaire écologique.
  • La figure 4 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue explosée en perspective d'un montage d'un module de plancher et de traverses de renfort sur la poutre.
  • La figure 5 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue explosée en coupe du montage illustré à la figure 4, auquel des glissières de siège ont été ajoutées.
  • La figure 6 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue en coupe d'un ensemble obtenu par le montage illustré à la figure 5.
  • La figure 7 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue explosée en perspective d'un montage des glissières de siège et des sièges sur les traverses de renfort.
  • La figure 8 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue en perspective d'un module arrière sur lequel un demi-train arrière droit est monté.
  • La figure 9 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue en perspective d'une structure de base pour une alternative à la poutre illustrée à la figure 2.
  • La figure 10 est un diagramme schématique illustrant une vue en perspective de l'alternative à la poutre illustrée à la figure 2.
SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a perspective view of an ecological modular vehicle.
  • The figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view in perspective of a beam forming part of the chassis of the ecological modular vehicle.
  • The figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sectional view of a shock absorbing device for the ecological modular vehicle.
  • The figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded perspective view of a mounting of a floor module and reinforcing cross members on the beam.
  • The figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view in section of the assembly illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , to which seat rails have been added.
  • The figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sectional view of an assembly obtained by the assembly illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  • The figure 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded perspective view of a mounting of the seat rails and seats on the reinforcing rails.
  • The figure 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a perspective view of a rear module on which a right half-rear axle is mounted.
  • The figure 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a perspective view of a basic structure for an alternative to the beam shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • The figure 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a perspective view of the alternative to the beam illustrated in FIG. figure 2 .

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

La figure 1 illustre schématiquement un véhicule modulaire écologique 100 au moyen d'une vue en perspective. Le véhicule modulaire écologique sera appelé « véhicule » 100 dans ce qui suit pour motif de simplicité. Le véhicule 100 dispose d'au moins deux paires de roues, non représentées, et est muni d'un châssis. Le châssis comprend une poutre 101 disposée de manière centrale par rapport aux paires de roues. Un jeu de modules peut être monté sur la poutre 101 de façon amovible. Le jeu de modules comprend au moins un module avant 102 pouvant accueillir un train avant, un module plancher 103, et un module arrière 104 pouvant accueillir un train arrière.The figure 1 schematically illustrates an ecological modular vehicle 100 by means of a perspective view. The ecological modular vehicle will be called "vehicle" 100 in the following for reasons of simplicity. The vehicle 100 has at least two pairs of wheels, not shown, and is provided with a frame. The frame comprises a beam 101 centrally disposed with respect to the wheel pairs. A set of modules can be mounted on the beam 101 removably. The set of modules comprises at least one front module 102 that can accommodate a front axle, a floor module 103, and a rear module 104 that can accommodate a rear axle.

Le module avant 102, le module plancher 103, et le module arrière 104 forment des éléments structuraux fondamentaux du véhicule 100. Ces modules constituent principalement une architecture de base roulante. Les modules contribuent à conférer au véhicule 100 une rigidité d'ensemble importante. Les modules sont conçus de façon telle que leurs assemblages autour de la poutre 101 renforcent mutuellement leur rigidité par des emboîtages et blocages appropriés.The front module 102, the floor module 103, and the rear module 104 form fundamental structural elements of the vehicle 100. These modules mainly constitute a rolling base architecture. The modules contribute to giving the vehicle 100 a substantial overall rigidity. The modules are designed such that their assemblies around the beam 101 mutually reinforce their rigidity by appropriate interlocking and blocking.

Grâce à un concept modulaire qui est illustré à la figure 1, un degré de standardisation élevé peut être atteint, afin de permettre une utilisation commune à un grand nombre de véhicules. Ainsi le passage d'une base roulante d'un véhicule 2 places à celle d'un véhicule 4 places pourra se faire de façon simple en « jumboïsant » la base roulante. Autrement dit, une « tranche » peut être ajoutée à la base roulante en utilisant des modules standards, identiques pour de nombreuses versions qui peuvent exister pour le véhicule 100. Il suffit de changer la poutre 101, qui sera plus longue dans le cas du passage au véhicule 100 4 places et de remplacer le module plancher 103 par une version plus longue.Thanks to a modular concept that is illustrated in the figure 1 a high degree of standardization can be achieved to allow common use for a large number of vehicles. Thus the transition from a rolling base of a 2-seater vehicle to that of a 4-seater vehicle can be done in a simple way by "jumbo" the wheel base. In other words, a "slice" can to be added to the wheel base using standard modules, identical for many versions that may exist for the vehicle 100. It is enough to change the beam 101, which will be longer in the case of the passage to the vehicle 100 4 places and to replace the floor module 103 by a longer version.

Les modules montables de façon amovible sur la poutre 101 sont avantageusement réalisés en matériaux composites incorporant des fibres résistantes à la flexion comme, par exemple, des fibres de bambou. Ces fibres résistantes à la flexion peuvent être liées entre elles par une matière thermoplastique. Les fibres peuvent être utilisées sous forme de fibres en vrac, ou sous forme de tissus liés à une matrice polymère thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable. De préférence, des couches de fibres de bambou longues sont orientées selon un axe d'un effort à contrôler. Un avantage de la fibre de bambou est qu'elle permet de réaliser des pièces de grande envergure particulièrement légères. La fibre de bambou permet donc de réaliser des zones à forte rigidité, par exemple, dans les modules avant et arrière.The modules removably mountable on the beam 101 are advantageously made of composite materials incorporating fibers resistant to bending, for example, bamboo fibers. These bending resistant fibers may be bonded together by a thermoplastic material. The fibers may be used in the form of bulk fibers, or in the form of fabrics bonded to a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer matrix. Preferably, layers of long bamboo fibers are oriented along an axis of an effort to control. An advantage of bamboo fiber is that it allows for large pieces of particularly light weight. The bamboo fiber thus makes it possible to create areas of high rigidity, for example, in the front and rear modules.

Les modules peuvent être fabriqués par un processus de thermoformage utilisant des éléments de renfort comme la fibre de bambou. Une zone à forte rigidité peut également être obtenue en incorporant comme éléments de renfort d'autres structures en multiplis de bambou, bois ou autre matière thermomoulée lors de la fabrication des modules.The modules can be manufactured by a thermoforming process using reinforcing elements such as bamboo fiber. An area with high rigidity can also be obtained by incorporating as reinforcement elements other structures of bamboo, wood or other thermomolded material during the manufacture of the modules.

La figure 2 illustre schématiquement la poutre 101 formant partie du châssis du véhicule 100 au moyen d'une vue explosée en perspective. La poutre 101 est munie d'agencements de fixation 205-209 pour monter de façon amovible le jeu de modules sur la poutre 101. Ces agencements de fixation 205-209 peuvent comprendre, par exemple, des trous pour une fixation par des boulons traversants.The figure 2 schematically illustrates the beam 101 forming part of the chassis of the vehicle 100 by means of an exploded view in perspective. The beam 101 is provided with fastening arrangements 205-209 for removably mounting the set of modules on the beam 101. These fastening arrangements 205-209 may include, for example, holes for attachment by through bolts.

La poutre 101 comprend une paire de plateaux horizontaux 201, 202 disposés parallèlement l'un à l'autre. Les plateaux horizontaux 201, 202 peuvent être formés en S selon un axe longitudinal comme l'illustre la figure 2. Les plateaux horizontaux 201, 202 sont avantageusement à base de matière biologiquement décomposable. Par exemple, les plateaux horizontaux 201, 202 peuvent être réalisés en bois multiplis. Le bois multiplis peut être thermo-moulé avec déformation de précontrainte pour assurer un serrage adéquat.The beam 101 comprises a pair of horizontal plates 201, 202 arranged parallel to each other. The horizontal plates 201, 202 can be formed in S along a longitudinal axis as shown in FIG. figure 2 . The horizontal plates 201, 202 are advantageously based on biologically decomposable material. For example, the horizontal plates 201, 202 may be made of multiply wood. The plywood can be thermo-molded with prestressing deformation to ensure proper clamping.

La poutre 101 comprend entre outre une paire de platines verticales 203, 204 disposées parallèlement l'une à l'autre et perpendiculairement par rapport aux plateaux horizontaux 201, 202. La paire de platines verticales 203, 204 est enfermée entre la paire de plateaux horizontaux 201, 202. La paire de platines verticales 203, 204 fait partie d'une structure centrale. Cette structure centrale peut être mécano-soudée en acier ou en aluminium. La structure centrale peut également être réalisée en matériaux composites.The beam 101 further comprises a pair of vertical plates 203, 204 arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the horizontal plates 201, 202. The pair of vertical plates 203, 204 is enclosed between the pair of horizontal plates 201, 202. The pair of vertical plates 203, 204 is part of a central structure. This central structure can be welded steel or aluminum. The central structure can also be made of composite materials.

La structure centrale peut comprendre des éléments de jonction tels qu'illustrés à la figure 2. Ces éléments de jonction ont une double fonction : premièrement, assurer une liaison des différents éléments de la poutre 101 et, deuxièmement, permettre la fixation de modules sur la poutre 101. Les éléments de jonction peuvent être, par exemple, en acier forgé ou mécano-soudés.The central structure may comprise joining elements as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 . These joining elements have a dual function: first, to ensure a connection of the different elements of the beam 101 and, secondly, to allow the attachment of modules on the beam 101. The connecting elements may be, for example, of forged steel or mechanic -soudés.

Les platines verticales 203, 204 s'étendent en zigzag le long des plateaux horizontaux 201, 202. Ceci contribue à conférer une bonne rigidité à la poutre 101, aussi bien en flexion qu'en torsion. Chacune des platines verticales 203, 204 peut être pourvue de dents sur un bord touchant un des plateaux horizontaux 201, 202. Le plateau horizontal en question est alors formé de matière suffisamment molle pour que les dents puissent s'incruster dans le plateau horizontal.The vertical plates 203, 204 extend in a zigzag manner along the horizontal plates 201, 202. This contributes to imparting good rigidity to the beam 101, both in flexion and in torsion. Each of the vertical plates 203, 204 may be provided with teeth on an edge touching one of the horizontal plates 201, 202. The horizontal plate in question is then formed of sufficiently soft material so that the teeth can be embedded in the horizontal plate.

La poutre 101 peut être munie d'un enrobement enserrant la paire de plateaux horizontaux 201, 202 et la paire de platines enfermée entre celle-ci. Ceci contribue à une bonne cohésion et stabilité du châssis. L'enrobement peut être réalisé par un procédé de surmoulage. Une version préliminaire de la poutre 101 est mise dans un bain de matière thermoplastique. Puis, la version préliminaire de la poutre 101, ayant subi le bain, est placée dans un moule de forme. Un avantage de cette technique est qu'elle permet de réaliser des ajustements précis à partir de surfaces de référence, qui sont convenablement calibrées grâce à un bon maintien géométrique des cotes. Ces ajustements peuvent s'effectuer lors du surmoulage ou par un usinage de surface ultérieur. Cette technique pourrait également permettre de mettre en place et de maintenir des inserts de fixation dans la poutre 101.The beam 101 may be provided with a coating enclosing the pair of horizontal plates 201, 202 and the pair of plates enclosed therebetween. This contributes to a good cohesion and stability of the chassis. The coating can be carried out by an overmolding process. A preliminary version of the beam 101 is put in a bath of thermoplastic material. Then, the preliminary version of the beam 101, having undergone the bath, is placed in a mold of form. An advantage of this technique is that it allows precise adjustments to be made from reference surfaces, which are suitably calibrated thanks to a good geometric maintenance of the dimensions. These adjustments can be made during overmolding or by subsequent surface machining. This technique could also make it possible to set up and maintain fastening inserts in the beam 101.

La figure 3 illustre schématiquement une vue en coupe d'un dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 pour le véhicule 100. Le dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 peut être disposé sur une extrémité de la poutre 101. Le dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 comprend une section frontale avec une surface frontale de contact 301. Des parois 302, 303 résistantes à la flexion s'étendent perpendiculairement de la surface frontale de contact 301 vers une section porteuse du châssis comprenant la paire de plateaux horizontaux 201, 202 illustrée à la figure 2. Les parois 302, 303 résistantes à la flexion comprennent avantageusement des fibres de bambou.The figure 3 schematically illustrates a sectional view of a shock absorbing device 300 for the vehicle 100. The absorption device shock absorber 300 may be disposed on one end of the beam 101. The shock absorbing device 300 comprises a front section with a front contact surface 301. Bending-resistant walls 302, 303 extend perpendicularly from the surface front contact 301 to a carrier section of the frame comprising the pair of horizontal plates 201, 202 shown in FIG. figure 2 . The flexural-resistant walls 302, 303 advantageously comprise bamboo fibers.

Le dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 comprend une section principale disposée entre la section frontale et la section porteuse du châssis. Cette section principale comprend un manchon 304 disposé perpendiculairement à la surface frontale de contact 301. Le manchon 304 a une cavité comprenant une série d'encoches 305 disposées de manière radiale sur une surface intérieure du manchon 304. Une structure de piston 306 se situe dans la cavité du manchon 304. Cette structure de piston 306 a une surface radiale entre deux extrémités de la structure de piston 306 La surface radiale est munie d'une série de rainures 307 complémentaire de la série d'encoches 305 sur la surface intérieure du manchon 304. Une extrémité de la structure de piston 306 est reliée à la section frontale du dispositif d'absorption de choc 300.The shock absorbing device 300 comprises a main section disposed between the front section and the carrier section of the frame. This main section comprises a sleeve 304 disposed perpendicularly to the front contact surface 301. The sleeve 304 has a cavity comprising a series of notches 305 disposed radially on an inner surface of the sleeve 304. A piston structure 306 is located in the cavity of the sleeve 304. This piston structure 306 has a radial surface between two ends of the piston structure 306 The radial surface is provided with a series of grooves 307 complementary to the series of notches 305 on the inner surface of the sleeve 304. One end of the piston structure 306 is connected to the front section of the shock absorbing device 300.

La structure de piston 306 comprend une section butoir 308, une section d'engagement 309, et une section à déformation élastique 310. La section butoir 308 relie la structure de piston 306 à la section frontale de contact. La section d'engagement 309 inclut la surface radiale munie de la série de rainures 307. La section à déformation élastique 310 est disposée entre la section butoir 308 et la section d'engagement 309.The piston structure 306 includes a bumper section 308, an engagement section 309, and an elastically deformable section 310. The bumper section 308 connects the piston structure 306 to the front contact section. The engagement section 309 includes the radial surface provided with the series of grooves 307. The elastic deformation section 310 is disposed between the stop section 308 and the engagement section 309.

Le dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 illustré à la figure 3 permet deux types de déformation : une déformation élastique réversible, et une déformation plastique programmée. La déformation élastique réversible offre une protection dans le cas d'un choc modeste, à basse vitesse. Dans ce cas, une décélération progressive convient. En effet, un impact a une puissance proportionnelle à son intensité et à sa durée. A intensité équivalente, plus le temps d'impact est court, plus le choc est violent. La déformation élastique réversible permet d'allonger la durée de l'impact. Il convient d'optimiser l'élasticité des matériaux et leur pouvoir de dissipation de l'énergie emmagasinée.The shock absorbing device 300 illustrated in FIG. figure 3 allows two types of deformation: a reversible elastic deformation, and a programmed plastic deformation. The reversible elastic deformation provides protection in the case of a modest shock at low speed. In this case, a progressive deceleration is suitable. Indeed, an impact has a power proportional to its intensity and duration. At equivalent intensity, the shorter the impact time, the more violent the impact. The reversible elastic deformation allows to extend the duration of the impact. It is necessary to optimize the elasticity of the materials and their power of dissipation of stored energy.

Dans le cas d'un choc important, il convient de dissiper l'énergie du choc par une déformation plastique programmée. Dans ce cas, la structure de piston 306 va « sauter un ou plusieurs crans » en déformant les rainures 307. Chaque fois que la structure de piston 306 passe un cran, une grande partie de l'énergie est dissipée dans une déformation permanente des rainures 307.In the case of a major shock, it is advisable to dissipate the energy of the shock by a programmed plastic deformation. In this case, the piston structure 306 will "jump one or more notches" by deforming the grooves 307. Each time the piston structure 306 passes a notch, a large part of the energy is dissipated in a permanent deformation of the grooves 307.

Un autre avantage du dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 illustré à la figure 3 est qu'il permet de doter la poutre 101 d'une structure «fusible», évitant ainsi une réparation ou un changement systématique de la poutre 101 suite à un choc.Another advantage of the shock absorbing device 300 illustrated in FIG. figure 3 is that it provides the beam 101 of a structure "fuse", thus avoiding a repair or a systematic change of the beam 101 following a shock.

La figure 4 illustre schématiquement un montage 400 du module plancher 103 et des traverses de renfort 401, 402 sur la poutre 101 au moyen d'une vue explosée en perspective. Les traverses de renfort 401, 402 sont disposées perpendiculairement à la poutre 101 et elles sont fixées sur la poutre 101. Les traverses de renfort 401, 402 comprennent au moins un des matériaux suivants : du bois thermo-moulé, et du métal embouti.The figure 4 schematically illustrates a mounting 400 of the floor module 103 and reinforcing cross members 401, 402 on the beam 101 by means of an exploded view in perspective. The reinforcing cross members 401, 402 are arranged perpendicular to the beam 101 and they are fixed on the beam 101. The reinforcing cross members 401, 402 comprise at least one of the following materials: thermo-molded wood, and stamped metal.

Le module plancher 103 comprend un dispositif d'absorption de choc 403 disposé entre un bord du module plancher 103 et la poutre 101. Le dispositif d'absorption de choc 403 dans le module plancher 103 a une structure qui est similaire à celle du dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 décrit dans ce qui précède en référence à la figure 3. Le dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 peut être aménagé dans une cavité 404 sur une extrémité de la poutre 101.The floor module 103 includes a shock absorbing device 403 disposed between an edge of the floor module 103 and the beam 101. The shock absorbing device 403 in the floor module 103 has a structure which is similar to that of the shock absorption 300 described in the foregoing with reference to the figure 3 . The shock absorbing device 300 may be arranged in a cavity 404 on one end of the beam 101.

La figure 5 illustre schématiquement le montage du module plancher 103 et des traverses de renfort 401, 402 sur la poutre 101 au moyen d'une vue en coupe. Des glissières de siège 501-504 sont ajoutées.The figure 5 schematically illustrates the mounting of the floor module 103 and reinforcing cross members 401, 402 on the beam 101 by means of a sectional view. Seat rails 501-504 are added.

La figure 6 illustre schématiquement un ensemble obtenu par le montage illustré à la figure 5.The figure 6 schematically illustrates a set obtained by the assembly illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .

La figure 7 illustre schématiquement une vue explosée en perspective d'un montage des glissières de siège 501-504 et des sièges 701, 702 sur les traverses de renfort 401, 402.The figure 7 schematically illustrates an exploded view in perspective of a mounting of the seat rails 501-504 and seats 701, 702 on the reinforcing cross members 401, 402.

La figure 8 illustre schématiquement un module arrière 104 sur lequel un demi-train arrière droit 801 est monté au moyen d'une vue en perspective.The figure 8 schematically illustrates a rear module 104 on which a right rear half-train 801 is mounted by means of a perspective view.

Se référant à nouveau aux figures 1 et 2, un espace situé à une partie arrière de la poutre 101, entre les plateaux horizontaux 201, 202, peut être agencé pour y stocker des batteries de traction. Les batteries peuvent être montées dans un rack ventilé coulissant vers l'arrière. Le rack peut également être muni d'un système antichoc arrière, identique au dispositif d'absorption de choc 300 décrit dans ce qui précède et qui est illustré à la figure 3.Referring again to figures 1 and 2 , a space located at a rear portion of the beam 101, between the horizontal plates 201, 202, can be arranged to store traction batteries. The batteries can be mounted in a ventilated rack sliding backwards. The rack may also be provided with a rear shock system, identical to the shock absorbing device 300 described above and which is illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .

Le véhicule 100 peut ainsi avoir une propulsion purement électrique fournie par des batteries facilement interchangeables. Son autonomie peut être accrue en cas de besoin grâce à l'utilisation d'un module additionnel de type « unité d'extension de rayon d'action », en anglais : « range extender », doté d'un petit moteur à combustion interne de faible consommation et de petite cylindrée actionnant une génératrice. Ainsi, les batteries peuvent être rechargées en cours de roulage.The vehicle 100 can thus have a purely electric propulsion provided by easily interchangeable batteries. Its autonomy can be increased in case of need thanks to the use of an additional module of type "extension unit of action", in English: "range extender", with a small internal combustion engine low consumption and small displacement operating a generator. Thus, the batteries can be recharged while driving.

Les modules peuvent être électriquement interconnectés à l'aide de connecteurs magnétiques à coupure de contact automatique à la déconnexion. De préférence, les modules ne véhiculent que des courants de faible puissance. Pour ce faire, un module possède avantageusement une unité de stockage d'énergie qui lui est propre. C'est un concept de batteries décentralisées. Ces batteries peuvent être rechargées par une diversité de sources possibles : solaire, éolien, prise secteur, etc....The modules can be electrically interconnected using magnetic connectors with automatic disconnection at disconnection. Preferably, the modules convey only low power currents. To do this, a module advantageously has an energy storage unit of its own. It is a concept of decentralized batteries. These batteries can be recharged by a variety of possible sources: solar, wind, plug, etc ....

La description détaillée en référence aux figures est simplement une illustration de l'invention. L'invention peut être réalisée de nombreuses façons différentes ces façons différentes restant dans le cadre définit par les revendications. Afin d'illustrer ceci, quelques alternatives sont indiquées sommairement.The detailed description with reference to the figures is merely an illustration of the invention. The invention can be realized in many different ways these different ways remaining within the scope defined by the claims. In order to illustrate this, some alternatives are indicated briefly.

L'invention peut être appliquée avantageusement dans de nombreuses applications dans le domaine du transport.The invention can be advantageously applied in many applications in the field of transport.

Il existe de nombreux types d'agencements de fixations. Une fixation par boulons n'est qu'un exemple.There are many types of fastener arrangements. A bolt fastener is just one example.

Le terme « poutre » doit être interprété de façon large. Ce terme embrasse tout type d'entité de forme longitudinale et ayant une rigidité relativement grande afin de pouvoir constituer une base pour une structure mécanique.The term "beam" should be interpreted broadly. This term embraces any type of entity of longitudinal shape and having a relatively high rigidity so as to be able to constitute a base for a mechanical structure.

Les remarques qui précèdent montrent que la description détaillée en référence aux figures illustre l'invention plutôt qu'elle ne la limite. Les signes de références n'ont aucun caractère limitatif.The foregoing remarks show that the detailed description with reference to the figures illustrates the invention rather than limiting it. The reference signs are in no way limiting.

Claims (13)

  1. Vehicle (100) having at least two pairs of wheels and provided with a frame, the vehicle comprising:
    - a beam (101) disposed centrally with respect to the pairs of wheels, the beam (101) being provided with fastening arrangements (205-209) for detachably mounting a set of modules on the beam (101), the set of modules comprising at least one front module (102) accommodating a front end, a floor module (103), and a rear module (104) that can accommodate a rear axle,
    the beam (101) comprises:
    - a pair of horizontal plates (201, 202) arranged parallel to each other,
    - a pair of vertical plates (203, 204) arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the horizontal plate (201, 202), the pair of plates being enclosed between the pair of horizontal plates (201, 202) and characterized in that said vertical plates extend zigzag along the horizontal plates (201, 202).
  2. Vehicle (100) according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal plates (201, 202) are made of biologically decomposable material.
  3. Vehicle (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the horizontal plates (201, 202) are molded in plywood.
  4. Vehicle (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vertical plates (203, 204) are made of light metal.
  5. Vehicle (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the vertical plates (203, 204) is provided with teeth on one edge touching one of the horizontal plates (201, 202), the horizontal plate being formed of sufficiently soft matter so that the teeth can be encrusted in the horizontal plate.
  6. Vehicle (100) according to any of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the frame includes a coating enclosing the pair of horizontal plates (201, 202) and the pair of vertical plates enclosed between the latter.
  7. Vehicle (100) according to the claim 6, wherein the coating is out of thermoplastic matter.
  8. Vehicle (100) according to any of the claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one module removably mountable on the beam (101) comprises fibers resistant to bending.
  9. Vehicle (100) according to the claim 8, wherein the fibers resistant to bending include bamboo fibers.
  10. Vehicle (100) according to any of the claims 8 and 9, wherein the fibers resistant to bending are bound together by a thermoplastic material.
  11. Vehicle (100) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising reinforcing webs (401, 402) arranged perpendicularly to the beam (101), the reinforcing webs (401, 402) being fixed to the beam (101).
  12. Vehicle (100) according to the claim 11, wherein the reinforcing webs (401, 402) comprises at least one of the following materials: thermo-molded wood, and pressed metal.
  13. Beam (101) for a vehicle (100), the vehicle having at least two pairs of wheels and provided with a chassis, the beam (101) being adapted to be disposed centrally with respect to the pairs of wheels, the beam (101) being provided with fastening arrangements (205-209) for detachably mounting a set of modules on the beam (101), the set of modules comprising at least one front module (102) accommodating a front end, a floor module (103), and a rear module (104) that can accommodate a rear axle,
    the beam (101) comprises:
    - a pair of horizontal plates (201, 202) arranged parallel to each other,
    - a pair of vertical plates (203, 204) arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the horizontal plate (201, 202), the pair of plates being enclosed between the pair of horizontal plates (201, 202) and characterized in that said vertical plates extend zigzag along the horizontal plates (201, 202).
EP20110168138 2010-05-28 2011-05-30 Ecological modular vehicle Not-in-force EP2390166B1 (en)

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EP10305568 2010-05-28
FR1055266A FR2960506A1 (en) 2010-05-28 2010-06-30 Ecological modular vehicle e.g. compact car, for urban utilization, has beam with fixation arrangements for mounting modules on beam, where modules are front module to receive front gear, floor module and rear module to receive rear gear
EP20110168138 EP2390166B1 (en) 2010-05-28 2011-05-30 Ecological modular vehicle

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EP2778025B1 (en) * 2011-11-07 2017-09-20 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Resin floor structure for vehicle
FR3001676B1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2016-05-13 Renault Sa BULLET OF A MOTOR VEHICLE IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL
WO2014122401A1 (en) 2013-02-06 2014-08-14 Renault S.A.S. Motor vehicle bodywork element made from a composite material
EP3012175B1 (en) * 2013-06-21 2019-02-13 Teijin Limited Vehicle of monocoque construction formed from thermoplastic resin members
DE202013008360U1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2013-11-08 HÜBNER GmbH & Co. KG Carrying vehicle part
FR3040343B1 (en) * 2015-09-01 2017-08-25 Valeo Systemes Dessuyage ICE WIPER MECHANISM COMPRISING A WOOD VEGETABLE MATERIAL
US10919575B1 (en) * 2020-07-30 2021-02-16 Ree Automotive Ltd Vehicle chassis platform

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FR1065122A (en) * 1951-11-19 1954-05-20 Daimler Benz Ag Divided chassis for motor cars
DE892554C (en) * 1951-12-14 1953-10-08 Daimler Benz Ag Chassis, especially for motor vehicles
JPH01111574A (en) * 1987-10-26 1989-04-28 Mazda Motor Corp Lower car body structure for automobile
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CN201062052Y (en) * 2007-05-25 2008-05-21 齐威国际股份有限公司 Universal electric vehicle chassis

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