EP2381536B1 - Contact clamp and connector with contact clamp - Google Patents
Contact clamp and connector with contact clamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2381536B1 EP2381536B1 EP11005784.1A EP11005784A EP2381536B1 EP 2381536 B1 EP2381536 B1 EP 2381536B1 EP 11005784 A EP11005784 A EP 11005784A EP 2381536 B1 EP2381536 B1 EP 2381536B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- clamping
- clamp
- spring
- leg
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 claims description 110
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 76
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
- H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
- H01R4/489—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member spring force increased by screw, cam, wedge, or other fastening means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
- H01R11/22—End pieces terminating in a spring clip
- H01R11/24—End pieces terminating in a spring clip with gripping jaws, e.g. crocodile clip
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
- H01R11/22—End pieces terminating in a spring clip
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/15—Pins, blades or sockets having separate spring member for producing or increasing contact pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
- H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
- H01R4/4809—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar
- H01R4/48185—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar adapted for axial insertion of a wire end
- H01R4/4819—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar adapted for axial insertion of a wire end the spring shape allowing insertion of the conductor end when the spring is unbiased
- H01R4/4821—Single-blade spring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
- H01R13/42—Securing in a demountable manner
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/502—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2101/00—One pole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
- H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
- H01R4/4809—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member using a leaf spring to bias the conductor toward the busbar
- H01R4/484—Spring housing details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a contact terminal, which can be opened and closed by means of a movable to a mating contact clamping spring and a connector with the contact terminal, in particular for connecting photovoltaic modules.
- Single pole waterproof connectors especially for applications in the photovoltaic industry, are typically provided with an electrical lead by crimping the lead to a contactor. Crimping requires a special tool to make the crimped connection. Furthermore, a crimped connection after it has been manufactured is no longer detachable.
- the bending spring here is relatively complex shaped and it must be used in any case, a relatively high force to close the clamp.
- the load arm is relatively long and the clamp is relatively large and unwieldy.
- Another disadvantage is that the conductor end can be inserted only when the contact terminal is open.
- an acting in the opening direction of the force component on the load arm which requires a high preload or can affect the contact safety.
- the terminal is prepared for mounting on a busbar and not suitable for a single contact.
- a contact element and a terminal box for electrical conductors in which by insertion or insertion of the conductor, a first leg of a spring element performs a rotational movement.
- the nip is relieved by pressure on the first leg, for example by means of an associated with the surrounding insulating housing actuator.
- the discharge of the terminal point and thus a release of the conductor can be done unintentionally, for example, if accidentally pressed on the actuator.
- the force and tension conditions do not seem optimal and the clamping force is not particularly great.
- the terminal appears structurally unsuitable for some applications, in particular with regard to contact safety.
- an object of the invention to provide an openable contact terminal for the free end of a conductor, which is easy to handle and yet ensure a secure and permanent electrical connection, inter alia, against tensile forces on the conductor.
- a further general object of the invention is to simplify the connection of electrical lines, for example to connectors, and to enable manual connection, in particular without special tools.
- the contact terminal should allow the user to select among connection variants.
- the contact terminal and the connector should also be inexpensive to produce and possibly suitable for outdoor use.
- an electrical contact terminal for connecting a conductor end of a conductor or conductor cable is provided with a fixed electrical contact.
- the conductor end is inserted from an insertion side into the contact terminal, whereby the insertion direction is defined.
- the contact terminal comprises a holding frame or a holding frame with a contact portion, in particular a fixed contact plate with which the conductor end is contacted when the conductor end is inserted in the desired contact position in the contact terminal and the contact terminal is closed.
- the contact plate is therefore an integral part of the support frame and the clamping spring clamps the conductor end directly against the contact plate and thus directly against the support frame.
- the contact clamp further comprises a clamping leg which is pivotally mounted in the support frame about a pivot axis to be pivoted between an open pivot position and a closed pivot position back and forth. The pivot axis is transverse to the insertion direction.
- the clamping leg in the closed pivotal position, electrically clamps the conductor end against the contact portion integrally formed with the support frame when the conductor end is inserted into the desired contact position in the contact terminal to establish electrical contact between the conductor end and the contact portion.
- In the open pivot position of the clamping leg is pivoted away from the contact portion and releases the contact area in the contact terminal between the terminal point of the clamping leg and the contact portion, so that the conductor end in the open pivot position on the one hand freely in the contact area is inserted and on the other hand for removal from the Contact terminal is released. It is therefore an actively openable and closable contact terminal.
- the clamping leg is in particular a part of an angled or curved pivotable clamping spring, which also comprises an actuating leg and a knee section therebetween.
- the clamping leg In the closed pivot position of the clamping spring, the clamping leg is inclined - without a conductor end at an angle of preferably about 45 ° ⁇ 30 ° - to the contact portion or obliquely towards the base of the support frame and is resiliently movable, such that the conductor end in the closed pivot position can be introduced from the insertion side to the clamping point under elastic springing of the clamping leg or the entire clamping spring in the desired contact position in the contact terminal without having to open the contact terminal or to have to transfer the clamping spring in the open pivot position.
- That the angle of the clamping leg to the contact portion and the spring tension are chosen such that on the one hand the clamping leg can be pressed by inserting the conductor end, in particular by hand, and on the other hand, but the spring tension exerts sufficient clamping normal force on the conductor end to a safe and permanent connection to ensure when the conductor end is inserted in the nominal contact position and the spring contact terminal is closed.
- the conductor end can be inserted both with the contact terminal open - here free - and with the contact terminal closed, which makes handling more flexible.
- the front tip of the conductor end first comes to the front of the inclined portion of the clamping leg to the plant and then typically slides on the slope of the clamping leg until the conductor end with bottom the contact section comes into contact.
- the ladder end pushes the clamp leg upwardly away from the contact portion due to the slope and elasticity, and rubs continuously under application of force by the user into the contact area between the clamped end of the clamp leg and the driver Contact section to the nominal contact position.
- the inclined in the insertion direction clamping leg therefore has a sufficient length to meet the sliding and Aufdgurfunktion.
- the clamping leg should therefore have at least one skew length corresponding to the thickness of the conductor end, but preferably the skew length should be a multiple of the thickness of the conductor end.
- such an oblique length of at least 2 mm, in particular at least 5 mm, according to one exemplary embodiment, is approximately 7 mm ⁇ 2 mm.
- about this skew length of the clamping leg is preferably substantially straight.
- the clamping leg should run at least in the middle of the insertion opening in the insertion direction obliquely in the direction of the contact plate or base of the support frame to ensure safe sliding of the conductor end during insertion.
- tensile forces acting on the conductor can be transmitted directly to the bearing point via the, essentially straight, clamping leg.
- This achieves a good conductor fit. It may, depending on the conductor, be useful to stiffen the stripped conductor end of a sheathed round conductor, for example, to provide with a crimp barrel. This may be useful especially when using a stranded wire. In particular, if a rigid single-core wire is used, but this may be waived if necessary.
- the rubbing can additionally clean the contact points.
- the closing force is reduced to the clamping spring against closing with already inserted conductor end, which facilitates handling, especially when closing with the fingers without tools.
- the clamping leg is also without a conductor in the closed Pivoting already slightly biased against the contact portion to later achieve a sufficient clamping normal force.
- a clearly audible closing noise can be provided, which increases safety.
- a contact terminal is flexible, since it can be opened again at any time and the conductor or terminal can be replaced individually.
- the necessary insertion force and the clamping normal force can be adjusted, inter alia, by means of the oblique angle of the clamping leg and the spring tension.
- the pivot bearing between the clamping spring and the support frame in the insertion direction in front of the nip of the clamping leg on the conductor end i. Arranged in front of the contact area and the clamping leg extends in the closed pivot position of the pivot bearing towards the nip obliquely in the direction of insertion to the contact portion. That the conductor end is inserted from the direction of the pivot bearing of the clamping spring in the terminal contact.
- the clamping leg pivots in this configuration when pivoting from the closed to the open pivot position in the insertion direction.
- the clamping spring or spiral spring is therefore designed in particular as a leaf spring-like rocker arm, which pivots between the open pivot position and the closed pivot position and whose flexural rigidity is adapted such that in the closed pivot position on the one hand press the clamping leg by the insertion of the conductor end elastically allows the conductor end without further actuation of the closed contact terminal in the desired contact position in the contact terminal between the contact portion and the clamping point of the clamping leg can be inserted rubbing on both sides.
- the rocker arm or the clamping spring is integrally stamped and formed from a metal spring plate.
- the contact terminal can also be referred to as a rocker arm clamp.
- the rocker arm or the clamping spring is designed as an angle lever, so that between the actuating leg and the clamping leg, an angled knee section is arranged, wherein at inserted conductor end of at least the knee section is resiliently biased, i. causes at least a part of the clamping normal force.
- the rocker arm or the clamping spring is designed as an angle lever, so that between the actuating leg and the clamping leg, an angled knee section is arranged, wherein at inserted conductor end of at least the knee section is resiliently biased, i. causes at least a part of the clamping normal force.
- the rocker arm or the clamping spring is designed as an angle lever, so that between the actuating leg and the clamping leg, an angled knee section is arranged, wherein at inserted conductor end of at least the knee section is resiliently biased, i. causes at least a part of the clamping normal force.
- the clamping leg also contribute to the clamping leg itself and possibly even the actuating leg by elastic bending to the
- the actuating leg, the knee section and the clamping leg of the rocker arm and the clamping spring close preferably an angle of greater than 90 °, or in particular form substantially a V-shape, so that the actuating limb away from the knee section also in the insertion direction.
- the actuating portion thus has generally (apart from the angle) in the same direction (namely, the insertion direction) as the clamping leg.
- the bearing axis is disposed within the V-shape in the region of the knee section and the actuating portion extends with the contact terminal closed substantially parallel to the insertion direction. It has proven useful to select an angle of the V-shape of 135 ° ⁇ 30 °, adapted to the size and the necessary pivot angle.
- the substantially V-shaped clamping spring points with the knee section arrowhead like against the insertion direction, especially in the open pivot position slightly downward (towards the conductor axis) and / or in the closed pivot position slightly upward (away from the conductor axis). It should initially not be ruled out that further legs are present to form a more complex spring shape, but the simplest form, which is essentially only a V-shape of two essentially straight main legs (clamping and actuating legs) at an angle of sharpener than 90 ° and the connecting knee section. Smaller sections, such as the slightly angled nip are to be regarded as part of the respective main leg. All in all, this type of design is user-friendly and space-saving.
- the clamping leg itself is preferably designed as an elastic spring clamping leg, such that upon pressing of the spring clamping leg in the closed pivot position by means of the conductor end, the spring-clamping leg from the contact point elastically bends.
- the bending moment of the spring-clamping leg in the desired contact position of the conductor end is thus selected such that thereby at least a part of the clamping normal force is effected on the conductor end.
- the actuating leg is designed as a spring leg and contributes to the effect of the clamping normal force.
- the bending stiffness of the actuating leg is set greater than the bending stiffness of the spring-clamping leg, for example by a greater width of the actuating arm.
- the actuating leg is preferably longer than the clamping leg, so that advantageously a translation of the actuating force is achieved in a higher clamping force.
- the clamping leg has a free terminal end with which the conductor end is clamped and a main section extending between the free terminal end and the knee section.
- the main section extends in the closed pivot position in the insertion direction from the insertion side to the clamping point obliquely to the contact portion and has a dual function in which it causes the derivation of the conductor end during insertion and contributes to the bias of the clamping spring.
- the conductor end preferably comes first to the main portion to the plant and is guided due to the oblique arrangement in the direction of the contact portion, in order then to press the clamping spring.
- the section with the free terminal end is considerably shorter than the main portion and is preferably bent slightly counter to the insertion direction relative to the main portion, so that in the closed pivot position with inserted conductor end the free terminal end forms a stoop angle with the contact portion of the support frame than the main portion or part the clamping leg, which causes the introduction of the conductor end.
- the clamping portion with the clamping end is therefore angled at an angle of less than 90 ° relative to the main portion, in particular by less than 45 °. In this way, despite a relatively acute angle of the main section, a better power dissipation can be achieved and the pull-out force can be increased.
- the free clamping section or the clamping end should still point in the insertion direction, ie, as viewed from the insertion direction, have an angle of less than 90 ° to the insertion direction or to the contact section essentially parallel thereto, so as not to hinder the insertion of the conductor.
- the clamping leg thus still runs substantially straight from the nip to the bearing axis.
- the main portion of the spring-clamping leg on, in particular arcuate, constriction, which reduces the bending stiffness of the spring-clamping leg at the constriction. This ensures a better distribution of the bending moment and the clamping spring can be made slightly smaller on the whole.
- the narrowest point of the main section is narrower than the free terminal end and the knee section.
- the actuating leg of the clamping spring preferably has a remote from the pivot bearing positioned Operating section on.
- the closing of the clamping spring for example, by manual pressing by the user and can be done with a bare finger.
- the pivotal movement is effected in the closed pivot position of the clamping spring on the actuating leg, which acts as a power lever.
- the pivoting angle is approximately 45 ° ⁇ 30 ° and the actuating portion extends in the open pivot position obliquely away from the contact portion and possibly in the closed pivot position substantially parallel to the insertion direction, which allows good operability and compact design.
- the rocker arm engages audibly on the support frame in the closed pivot position, so that a high contact reliability is ensured.
- the rocker arm or the clamping spring on a free latching portion which is located at the opposite end of the free clamping end of the rocker arm remote from the bearing axis.
- the latching portion is preferably angled relative to the actuating limb in the direction of the holding frame or the contact portion and the latching means are arranged on the latching portion.
- the locking means do not interfere with manual operation.
- the fact that the locking of the actuating leg is arranged away from the storage, the actuating leg can also contribute to the spring action and bias.
- the holding frame is preferably formed in cross-section to the insertion direction substantially U-shaped and thus has two lateral cheeks and a lower base, the latter integrally forming the contact portion.
- the Rocker arm or the clamping spring also has two lateral cheeks and the rocker arm is pivotally mounted with his cheeks on the cheeks of the support frame, which ensures good lateral guidance.
- the lateral cheeks of the rocker arm are formed substantially L-shaped and the bearing axis of the rocker arm is arranged in the insertion direction of the conductor end in front of the junction of the lateral cheeks on the actuating limb so that the pivot point relatively close to the knee section and the connection point slightly further the knee section away.
- connection element to which the conductor end is connected by means of the contact terminal is arranged on the insertion side of the conductor end opposite side and facing in the insertion direction, so that a substantially linear connection between the conductor and the connection element, for example, is provided for a linear connector.
- the protruding connecting element is formed integrally with the holding frame.
- the holding frame is punched and formed together with the connecting element, for example a plug-in contact, from a piece of sheet metal.
- the holding frame and the plug contact are in particular made of copper sheet, for example, about 0.8 mm to 2 mm thick, stamped and shaped and silvered or tinned and the clamping spring is made of a Spring steel sheet, for example about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, punched and shaped.
- the metallic holding frame has a stop against which a counter-stop of the clamping spring strikes in the closed state.
- the stop blocks movement of the clamping spring against the clamping standards and is e.g. formed in the form of lateral pins on the cheeks and arranged in particular in the storage area.
- an additional safeguard against unintentional cracking of the clamping spring is ensured, in the event that the storage of the clamping spring dissolves.
- the holding frame for this purpose on both sides on its upper side near the storage side hook-like projections which extend transversely to the insertion direction and along the axis of rotation of the cheeks of the U-shaped support frame.
- Lateral projections on the clamping spring engage in closing the clamping spring in the hook-like projections, which not only secures against the clamping standards, but also against unintentional bending of the cheeks of the clamping spring and the holding frame against each other, which ensures against unintentional popping storage. This is particularly advantageous when short bearing journals are used as a pivot bearing.
- the invention further relates to a connector for connecting a conductor end to the connection element with a preferably watertight housing in which the contact terminal is housed.
- the connector is thus particularly suitable for use outdoors, in particular for the connection of photovoltaic modules, eg as Connector for connection to a junction box of a photovoltaic module.
- the dielectric housing is preferably formed at least in two parts, more preferably at least three parts, and comprises an inner holding part, to which the contact clamp is attached, for example, is latched to the holding part with latching hook.
- the housing further has a sleeve-shaped Umgepurteil, which at least partially surrounds the holding part in the assembled state.
- the sleeve-shaped Umgepurteil preferably has an inner securing portion, for example in the form of an inwardly directed rib, which rests in the mounted state on the actuating limb and thus secures the rocker arm, if necessary, in addition to the catch against accidental rupture.
- the housing bottom is formed in continuation of the contact portion to ensure a hook-free insertion of the conductor end via the housing bottom and the contact portion.
- the housing further comprises a third sleeve-shaped cap part, which is in the assembled state with the sleeve-shaped Umgephaseuseteil engaged and includes the contact terminal and the holding part together with the sleeve-shaped Umgephaseuseteil, preferably substantially waterproof.
- the contact terminal is fixed to the holding part of the housing and the capping part is temporarily fixed to the holding part.
- the cap part is designed as a cap sleeve or union nut, which with a threaded end, not yet completely unscrewed on the holding part.
- the contact terminal may still be open.
- the union nut is screwed onto the sleeve-shaped Umgecharuseteil and the clamping rib of the sleeve-shaped Umgephaseuseteils is applied to the clamping spring and secures them.
- the union nut has opposite the threaded end an insertion opening for the conductor and between the union nut and the holding part is an elastomeric ring seal used to seal the conductor to its sheath.
- the sleeve-shaped Umgekoruseteil has at its end opposite the insertion a contact projection in which the connection element is housed for contacting with a mating connector, and connecting means with the mating connector.
- the connector with closed and secured contact terminal without ladder can be almost completely assembled and only subsequently the conductor with the stripped conductor end in the connector with closed contact terminal can be inserted. It is only expedient to leave the screw still slightly loose before inserting the conductor, and only after insertion of the Conductor and manufacture of the terminal contact to tighten the screw, the seal is made. As a result, the connector can be prefabricated very far and is particularly easy for the user to handle. The conductor end is therefore in both states, namely both in the open state and in the closed state with the contact terminal or with the connector, in particular manually, connectable or connectable.
- Fig. 1 shows the contact terminal 10 according to the invention with a U-shaped cross-section in the contact area of sheet metal bent support frame 20 and the pivotally mounted on the support frame 20 clamping spring 60.
- the support frame 20 has on lateral cheeks 22a, 22b on the insertion side 12 each outwardly shaped bearing pin 24a , 24b.
- the clamping spring 60 has at its lateral cheeks 62a, 62b respectively round openings 64a, 64b, in which the bearing pins 24a, 24b engage from the inside out to form the pivot bearing 14 for the clamping spring 60.
- the arrow E visualizes the insertion direction for the in Fig. 1 not shown ladder.
- the pivot axis 14 of the clamping spring 60 is perpendicular to the insertion direction E and perpendicular to the base 26 of the support frame 20, which integrally connects the two lateral cheeks 22a, 22b and forms the contact portion as a mating contact for the clamping spring and the electric busbar.
- the clamping contact 10 also has a connection element 28, in this example in the form of a three-part socket.
- the three-part socket 28 is stiffened with an over-spring 30 and with a connecting portion 32 which extends parallel to the contact plate 26, integrally stamped and formed with the holding frame 20.
- the clamping spring 60 is substantially V-shaped and comprises a clamping leg 72, an actuating leg 74, a knee section 76 connecting the clamping leg and the actuating leg.
- the clamping spring is closed after pivoting down by manual operation of the user.
- Locking portion 78 are each integrally formed laterally locking projections 80a, 80b, which engage audibly behind locking lugs 34a, 34b.
- the actuating leg 74 further includes a slightly widened actuating portion 82 at the opposite end of the bearing 14 on which the user presses to close the contact terminal 10.
- the central main portion 84 of the actuating leg 74 which is slightly narrower than the actuating portion 82, the lateral cheeks 62a, 62b are bent downwards vertically and embrace the lateral cheeks 22a, 22b of the holding frame 20.
- the lateral cheeks 62a, 62b are transverse to the pivot axis 14 substantially L-shaped with a downwardly extending arcuate connecting portion 86a, 86b and a substantially straight and vertically downwardly extending guide portion 88a, 88b.
- the openings 64a, 64b are respectively arranged at the rear, the insertion side facing the end of the guide portion 88a, 88b.
- the L-shaped hooks 36a, 36b on the one hand form a securing stop upward and a lateral securing against bending for the two cheeks 62a, 62b by lateral guidance, so that a popping of the bearing in the closed pivoting position (FIG. Fig. 2, 4 ) is securely prevented, even if a large force acts on the clamping spring 60.
- the clamping leg 72 has lateral constrictions 73a, 73b, which run asymmetrically arcuately and provide for a reduction in the bending stiffness.
- the clamping leg 72 has at its lower end a again in full width designed clamping portion 92, with the lower edge 94, the conductor end is clamped and thus defines the nip 95.
- FIG. 8 is the general V-shape of the clamping spring 60, formed by the clamping leg 72, the actuating leg 74 and the knee section 76, clearly visible.
- a special feature of the invention is shown, namely the insertion of the conductor end in the closed contact terminal 10.
- the conductor end 16 is inserted transversely to the axis of rotation 14 of the insertion side 12 in the insertion direction E in the contact terminal 10 linear.
- the conductor end 16 first abuts with its upper edge approximately in the middle against the clamping leg 72 and, if not already down on the bottom 158 of the housing 160, led down.
- the housing bottom 158 which in the Fig. 9-11 is only partially shown, leads the contact portion on the insertion side surface and should be formed at its top approximately flush with the base or contact plate 26 of the support frame 20 to allow a hook-free insertion of the conductor end 16.
- the clamping leg 72 springs upwards and releases the contact region 18 of the contact terminal 10 piece by piece.
- Fig. 11 shows the fully inserted in the insertion direction E in the contact terminal conductor end 16 in the end position or nominal contact position.
- the clamping leg 72 clamped with the clamping edge 94 of the clamping portion 92, the conductor end 16 against the contact plate 26 to make the electrical contact. Due to the slight bending of the clamping portion 92 against the insertion direction E with respect to the main portion 75 of the Klemmschenkels 72 is the clamping angle of the clamping leg 72 at the nip 94 despite oblique contact leg 72, whose angle was reduced to the insertion direction by the springs still to about 20 °, yet acceptable.
- a tensile force K z counter to the insertion direction E on the conductor end 16 acts in the closing direction of the clamping spring 92 acting normal component K N. This increases the pull-out force and thus ensures a permanent connection. In other words, the tensile force K Z causes a tightening of the clamping connection.
- the housing 160 of the connector 110 is formed in this example in three parts with a sleeve-shaped housing 162, a holding part 164 and a union nut 166.
- the contact terminal 10 is latched with upwardly extending locking tabs 172a, 172b in the holding part 164.
- the holding part 164 is substantially U-shaped in cross section, so that the contact terminal 10 can be inserted from above.
- the operating portion 74 of the clamping spring 60 projects upwards out of the holding part 164, so that the contact clamp can be comfortably closed with the finger.
- Fig. 14 extends the clamping leg 72 of the clamping spring 60 in the open state approximately parallel to the insertion direction E, so that in In this example, the clamping spring 60 sweeps over a pivot angle of about 45 °.
- the union nut 166 is screwed with its thread 174 on the thread 176 of the holding part 164, wherein an elastomeric sealing sleeve 178 is inserted into a crimping crown 180 at the insertion end of the holding part 164.
- the user need only hold the rear contact assembly 182 from the parts 10, 164, 166, 178 and the front sleeve-shaped surrounding housing 162 and can freely insert the conductor end through the insertion opening 184 in the union nut 166 into the open contact terminal 10.
- a visual inspection of the correct position of the conductor end 16 is possible and the actuating leg 74 is easily accessible with the finger, so that the user can then close the contact terminal 10.
- the sleeve-shaped surrounding housing 162 is pushed from the front onto the plug contact 28, via the holding part 164 and into the union nut 166. Then, the union nut 166 is screwed on further, the thread 174 engaging with the external thread 186 of the sleeve-shaped surrounding housing 162 and being screwed tightly. Since the thread 174 ends approximately in the middle of the union nut 166, the screw with the thread 176 of the holding part 164 is released again, so that an optimal screw connection with the sleeve-shaped surrounding housing 162 can be achieved.
- alternative forms of connection are conceivable.
- the closed contact terminal 10 can be completely installed in the housing 160 and the housing 160 can be closed by screwing. It is only necessary to ensure that the elastomeric sealing sleeve 178 is not completely crushed.
- the conductor end 16 is inserted into the assembled, but not yet screwed connector in the insertion direction E through the insertion opening 184 in the connector housing 160 and the contact, as shown in the Fig. 9-11 is shown prepared. Subsequently, only the housing 160 is screwed tightly to seal with the elastomeric sealing sleeve 178, the sheath (not shown) of the conductor.
- Fig. 16 It is shown that the projecting plug contact 28 in the housing 160, more precisely in the sleeve-shaped housing 162, which is designed as a front plug-in part, is housed.
- the front housing plug 162 has a tubular projection 190 to define the front plug housing.
- a complementary mating connector not shown.
- connector housing 160 secures a clamping rib 194 inside the sleeve-shaped housing 162, the clamping spring 60 by abutment against its operating portion 74 against unintentional opening, which further increases the contact reliability.
Landscapes
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
- Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kontaktklemme, welche mittels einer zu einem Gegenkontakt beweglichen Klemmfeder geöffnet und geschlossen werden kann sowie einen Verbinder mit der Kontaktklemme, insbesondere zum Anschließen von Photovoltaikmodulen.The invention relates to a contact terminal, which can be opened and closed by means of a movable to a mating contact clamping spring and a connector with the contact terminal, in particular for connecting photovoltaic modules.
Einpolige wassergeschützte Steckverbinder, besonders für Anwendungen in der Photovoltaikindustrie, werden typischerweise mit einer elektrischen Leitung versehen, in dem die Leitung an ein Kontaktelement angecrimpt werden. Das Crimpen erfordert ein Spezialwerkzeug zum Herstellen der Crimpverbindung. Des Weiteren ist eine Crimpverbindung, nachdem sie hergestellt worden ist, nicht mehr lösbar.Single pole waterproof connectors, especially for applications in the photovoltaic industry, are typically provided with an electrical lead by crimping the lead to a contactor. Crimping requires a special tool to make the crimped connection. Furthermore, a crimped connection after it has been manufactured is no longer detachable.
Aus der
Aus der
Daher ist es eine Aufgabe der Erfindung eine öffenbare Kontaktklemme für das freie Ende eines Leiters bereit zu stellen, welche einfach handhabbar ist und dennoch eine sichere und dauerhafte elektrische Verbindung unter anderem gegen Zugkräfte an dem Leiter gewährleisten.Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide an openable contact terminal for the free end of a conductor, which is easy to handle and yet ensure a secure and permanent electrical connection, inter alia, against tensile forces on the conductor.
Eine weitere allgemeine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, das Anschließen von elektrischen Leitungen, z.B. an Steckverbinder, zu vereinfachen und ein manuelles Anschließen, insbesondere ohne Spezialwerkzeug zu ermöglichen.A further general object of the invention is to simplify the connection of electrical lines, for example to connectors, and to enable manual connection, in particular without special tools.
Die Kontaktklemme soll dem Benutzer je nach Anwendung, insbesondere Art des Leiterendes ermöglichen, unter Anschlussvarianten auszuwählen. Die Kontaktklemme sowie der Verbinder sollen ferner kostengünstig herstellbar und ggf. für den Einsatz im Freien geeignet sein.Depending on the application, in particular the type of conductor end, the contact terminal should allow the user to select among connection variants. The contact terminal and the connector should also be inexpensive to produce and possibly suitable for outdoor use.
Die Erfindung wird durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.The invention is solved by the subject matter of the independent patent claim. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine elektrische Kontaktklemme zum Verbinden eines Leiterendes eines Leiters oder Leiterkabels mit einem festen elektrischen Kontakt bereit gestellt. Das Leiterende wird von einer Einführseite in die Kontaktklemme eingeführt, wodurch die Einführrichtung definiert wird.According to the invention an electrical contact terminal for connecting a conductor end of a conductor or conductor cable is provided with a fixed electrical contact. The conductor end is inserted from an insertion side into the contact terminal, whereby the insertion direction is defined.
Die Kontaktklemme umfasst ein Haltegestell oder einen Halterahmen mit einem Kontaktabschnitt, insbesondere einer festen Kontaktplatte mit der das Leiterende kontaktiert ist, wenn das Leiterende in der Sollkontaktposition in der Kontaktklemme eingeführt und die Kontaktklemme geschlossen ist. Die Kontaktplatte ist also fester Bestandteil des Haltegestells und die Klemmfeder klemmt das Leiterende unmittelbar gegen die Kontaktplatte und damit unmittelbar gegen das Haltegestell. Die Kontaktklemme umfasst ferner einen Klemmschenkel, welcher in dem Haltegestell um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbar gelagert ist, um zwischen einer geöffneten Schwenkposition und einer geschlossenen Schwenkposition hin und her geschwenkt zu werden. Die Schwenkachse verläuft quer zur Einführrichtung.The contact terminal comprises a holding frame or a holding frame with a contact portion, in particular a fixed contact plate with which the conductor end is contacted when the conductor end is inserted in the desired contact position in the contact terminal and the contact terminal is closed. The contact plate is therefore an integral part of the support frame and the clamping spring clamps the conductor end directly against the contact plate and thus directly against the support frame. The contact clamp further comprises a clamping leg which is pivotally mounted in the support frame about a pivot axis to be pivoted between an open pivot position and a closed pivot position back and forth. The pivot axis is transverse to the insertion direction.
Der Klemmschenkel klemmt in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition das Leiterende elektrisch kontaktierend gegen den integral mit dem Haltegestell ausgebildeten Kontaktabschnitt, wenn das Leiterende in die Sollkontaktposition in die Kontaktklemme eingeführt ist, um den elektrischen Kontakt zwischen dem Leiterende und dem Kontaktabschnitt herzustellen. In der geöffneten Schwenkposition ist der Klemmschenkel hingegen von dem Kontaktabschnitt weggeschwenkt und gibt den Kontaktbereich in der Kontaktklemme zwischen der Klemmstelle des Klemmschenkels und dem Kontaktabschnitt frei, so dass das Leiterende in der geöffneten Schwenkposition einerseits frei in den Kontaktbereich einführbar ist und andererseits zur Entnahme aus der Kontaktklemme freigegeben ist. Es handelt sich also um eine aktiv öffenbare und schließbare Kontaktklemme.The clamping leg, in the closed pivotal position, electrically clamps the conductor end against the contact portion integrally formed with the support frame when the conductor end is inserted into the desired contact position in the contact terminal to establish electrical contact between the conductor end and the contact portion. In the open pivot position of the clamping leg, however, is pivoted away from the contact portion and releases the contact area in the contact terminal between the terminal point of the clamping leg and the contact portion, so that the conductor end in the open pivot position on the one hand freely in the contact area is inserted and on the other hand for removal from the Contact terminal is released. It is therefore an actively openable and closable contact terminal.
Der Klemmschenkel ist insbesondere ein Teil einer abgewinkelten oder gebogenen schwenkbaren Klemmfeder, welche noch einen Betätigungsschenkel und einen Knieabschnitt dazwischen umfasst. In der geschlossenen Schwenkposition der Klemmfeder verläuft der Klemmschenkel schräg - ohne Leiterende unter einem Winkel von vorzugsweise etwa 45° ± 30° - zum Kontaktabschnitt bzw. schräg in Richtung der Basis des Haltegestells und ist federnd beweglich ausgebildet, derart dass das Leiterende in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition von der Einführseite zur Klemmstelle hin unter elastischem Auffedern des Klemmschenkels bzw. der gesamten Klemmfeder in die Sollkontaktposition in die Kontaktklemme eingeführt werden kann, ohne die Kontaktklemme öffnen zu müssen bzw. die Klemmfeder in die geöffnete Schwenkposition überführen zu müssen.The clamping leg is in particular a part of an angled or curved pivotable clamping spring, which also comprises an actuating leg and a knee section therebetween. In the closed pivot position of the clamping spring, the clamping leg is inclined - without a conductor end at an angle of preferably about 45 ° ± 30 ° - to the contact portion or obliquely towards the base of the support frame and is resiliently movable, such that the conductor end in the closed pivot position can be introduced from the insertion side to the clamping point under elastic springing of the clamping leg or the entire clamping spring in the desired contact position in the contact terminal without having to open the contact terminal or to have to transfer the clamping spring in the open pivot position.
D.h. der Winkel des Klemmschenkels zum Kontaktabschnitt und die Federspannung sind derart gewählt, dass einerseits der Klemmschenkel mittels Einschiebens des Leiterendes, insbesondere von Hand, aufgedrückt werden kann und andererseits aber die Federspannung eine hinreichende Klemm-Normalkraft auf das Leiterende ausübt, um eine sichere und dauerhafte Verbindung zu gewährleisten, wenn das Leiterende in die Sollkontaktposition eingeführt und die Feder-Kontaktklemme geschlossen ist.That the angle of the clamping leg to the contact portion and the spring tension are chosen such that on the one hand the clamping leg can be pressed by inserting the conductor end, in particular by hand, and on the other hand, but the spring tension exerts sufficient clamping normal force on the conductor end to a safe and permanent connection to ensure when the conductor end is inserted in the nominal contact position and the spring contact terminal is closed.
Somit kann das Leiterende sowohl bei geöffneter Kontaktklemme - hier frei - als auch bei geschlossener Kontaktklemme eingeführt werden, was die Handhabung flexibilisiert. Wenn das Leiterende bei geschlossener Kontaktklemme, d.h. mit dem Klemmschenkel in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition eingeführt wird, kommt die vordere Spitze des Leiterendes zunächst vorne an dem schrägen Bereich des Klemmschenkels zur Anlage und gleitet dann typischerweise an der Schräge des Klemmschenkels ab, bis das Leiterende unten mit dem Kontaktabschnitt in Kontakt tritt. Schiebt der Benutzer den Leiter nun weiter ein, drückt das Leiterende aufgrund der Schräge und der Elastizität den Klemmschenkel nach oben auf bzw. von dem Kontaktabschnitt weg und gleitet unter kontinuierlicher Kraftbeaufschlagung in Einführrichtung durch den Benutzer reibend in den Kontaktbereich zwischen dem Klemmende des Klemmschenkels und dem Kontaktabschnitt bis in die Sollkontaktposition. Hiernach ist das Leiterende bereits endgültig geklemmt und kontaktiert, so dass der sonst notwendige weitere Arbeitsgang des Schließens der Kontaktklemme entfallen kann. Der in der Einführrichtung schräg verlaufende Klemmschenkel weist demnach eine hinreichende Länge auf, um die Gleit- und Aufdrückfunktion zu erfüllen. Der Klemmschenkel sollte daher mindestens eine Schräglänge aufweisen, die der Dicke des Leiterendes entspricht, vorzugsweise sollte die Schräglänge aber ein Mehrfaches der Dicke des Leiterendes betragen. Bevorzugt für typische Rundleiter ist eine derart gerichtete Schräglänge von zumindest 2 mm, insbesondere zumindest 5 mm, gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel etwa 7 mm ± 2 mm. Über diese Schräglänge ist der Klemmschenkel vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen gerade. Insbesondere sollte der Klemmschenkel zumindest in der Mitte der Einführöffnung derart in Einführrichtung schräg in Richtung auf die Kontaktplatte bzw. Basis des Haltegestells zu verlaufen, um ein sicheres Abgleiten des Leiterendes beim Einführen zu gewährleisten. Dadurch können auf den Leiter wirkende Zugkräfte direkt über den, im Wesentlichen geraden, Klemmschenkel auf die Lagerstelle übertragen werden. Hierdurch wird ein guter Leiterfestsitz erzielt. Es kann, je nach Leiter, zweckmäßig sein, das abisolierte Leiterende eines ummantelten Rundleiters zu versteifen, z.B. mit einer Crimphülse zu versehen. Dies kann besonders bei der Verwendung einer Litze sinnvoll sein. Insbesondere wenn ein starrer einadriger Draht verwendet wird, kann hierauf aber ggf. verzichtet werden. Das Reiben kann zusätzlich die Kontaktstellen reinigen.Thus, the conductor end can be inserted both with the contact terminal open - here free - and with the contact terminal closed, which makes handling more flexible. When the conductor end is inserted with the contact terminal closed, ie with the clamping leg in the closed pivot position, the front tip of the conductor end first comes to the front of the inclined portion of the clamping leg to the plant and then typically slides on the slope of the clamping leg until the conductor end with bottom the contact section comes into contact. Now, when the user pushes the ladder further, the ladder end pushes the clamp leg upwardly away from the contact portion due to the slope and elasticity, and rubs continuously under application of force by the user into the contact area between the clamped end of the clamp leg and the driver Contact section to the nominal contact position. Thereafter, the head end is already finally clamped and contacted, so that the otherwise necessary further operation of closing the contact terminal can be omitted. The inclined in the insertion direction clamping leg therefore has a sufficient length to meet the sliding and Aufdrückfunktion. The clamping leg should therefore have at least one skew length corresponding to the thickness of the conductor end, but preferably the skew length should be a multiple of the thickness of the conductor end. For typical circular conductors, such an oblique length of at least 2 mm, in particular at least 5 mm, according to one exemplary embodiment, is approximately 7 mm ± 2 mm. About this skew length of the clamping leg is preferably substantially straight. In particular, the clamping leg should run at least in the middle of the insertion opening in the insertion direction obliquely in the direction of the contact plate or base of the support frame to ensure safe sliding of the conductor end during insertion. As a result, tensile forces acting on the conductor can be transmitted directly to the bearing point via the, essentially straight, clamping leg. This achieves a good conductor fit. It may, depending on the conductor, be useful to stiffen the stripped conductor end of a sheathed round conductor, for example, to provide with a crimp barrel. This may be useful especially when using a stranded wire. In particular, if a rigid single-core wire is used, but this may be waived if necessary. The rubbing can additionally clean the contact points.
Wenn die Kontaktklemme ohne Leiterende geschlossen und erst anschließend das Leiterende eingeführt wird, ist die Schließkraft auf die Klemmfeder gegenüber einem Schließen mit bereits eingeführtem Leiterende reduziert, was die Handhabung, insbesondere beim Schließen mit den Fingern ohne Werkzeug erleichtert. Vorzugsweise ist der Klemmschenkel aber auch ohne Leiter in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition bereits etwas gegen den Kontaktabschnitt vorgespannt, um später eine hinreichende Klemm-Normalkraft zu erzielen. Ferner kann ein deutlich hörbares Schließgeräusch vorgesehen sein, was die Sicherheit erhöht. Gegenüber einer unlösbaren Crimp- oder Lötverbindung zwischen Leiter und Anschlusselement, z.B. in Form eines Steckkontakts ist eine solche Kontaktklemme flexibel, da sie jederzeit wieder geöffnet und der Leiter oder die Klemme einzeln ausgetauscht werden können. Die notwendige Einschubkraft und die Klemm-Normalkraft können u.a. mittels des schrägen Winkels des Klemmschenkels und der Federspannung angepasst werden.If the contact terminal is closed without the conductor end and only then the conductor end is introduced, the closing force is reduced to the clamping spring against closing with already inserted conductor end, which facilitates handling, especially when closing with the fingers without tools. Preferably, the clamping leg is also without a conductor in the closed Pivoting already slightly biased against the contact portion to later achieve a sufficient clamping normal force. Furthermore, a clearly audible closing noise can be provided, which increases safety. Compared with an insoluble crimp or solder connection between the conductor and connecting element, for example in the form of a plug contact, such a contact terminal is flexible, since it can be opened again at any time and the conductor or terminal can be replaced individually. The necessary insertion force and the clamping normal force can be adjusted, inter alia, by means of the oblique angle of the clamping leg and the spring tension.
Vorzugsweise ist das Schwenklager zwischen der Klemmfeder und dem Haltegestell in Einführrichtung vor der Klemmstelle des Klemmschenkels auf das Leiterende, d.h. vor dem Kontaktbereich angeordnet und der Klemmschenkel verläuft in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition von dem Schwenklager hin zur Klemmstelle schräg in Einführrichtung auf den Kontaktabschnitt zu. D.h. das Leiterende wird aus der Richtung des Schwenklagers der Klemmfeder in den Klemmkontakt eingeführt. Der Klemmschenkel schwenkt bei dieser Konfiguration beim Schwenken von der geschlossenen in die geöffnete Schwenkposition in der Einführrichtung auf.Preferably, the pivot bearing between the clamping spring and the support frame in the insertion direction in front of the nip of the clamping leg on the conductor end, i. Arranged in front of the contact area and the clamping leg extends in the closed pivot position of the pivot bearing towards the nip obliquely in the direction of insertion to the contact portion. That the conductor end is inserted from the direction of the pivot bearing of the clamping spring in the terminal contact. The clamping leg pivots in this configuration when pivoting from the closed to the open pivot position in the insertion direction.
Dadurch zieht, anders als bei der in der
Die Klemmfeder oder Biegefeder, ist also insbesondere als blattfederartiger Kipphebel ausgebildet, welcher zwischen der geöffneten Schwenkposition und der geschlossenen Schwenkposition hin und her schwenkt und dessen Biegesteifigkeit derart angepasst ist, dass in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition einerseits sich der Klemmschenkel durch das Einführen des Leiterendes soweit elastisch aufdrücken lässt, dass das Leiterende ohne weitere Betätigung der geschlossenen Kontaktklemme in die Sollkontaktposition in der Kontaktklemme zwischen dem Kontaktabschnitt und der Klemmstelle des Klemmschenkels beidseits reibend eingeschoben werden kann. Zweckmäßig einfach ist der Kipphebel bzw. die Klemmfeder einstückig aus einem Metall-Federblech gestanzt und geformt. Die Kontaktklemme kann also auch als Kipphebelklemme bezeichnet werden.The clamping spring or spiral spring is therefore designed in particular as a leaf spring-like rocker arm, which pivots between the open pivot position and the closed pivot position and whose flexural rigidity is adapted such that in the closed pivot position on the one hand press the clamping leg by the insertion of the conductor end elastically allows the conductor end without further actuation of the closed contact terminal in the desired contact position in the contact terminal between the contact portion and the clamping point of the clamping leg can be inserted rubbing on both sides. Conveniently simple, the rocker arm or the clamping spring is integrally stamped and formed from a metal spring plate. The contact terminal can also be referred to as a rocker arm clamp.
Vorzugsweise ist der Kipphebel bzw. die Klemmfeder als ein Winkelhebel ausgebildet, so dass zwischen dem Betätigungsschenkel und dem Klemmschenkel ein abgewinkelter Knieabschnitt angeordnet ist, wobei bei eingeführtem Leiterende zumindest der Knieabschnitt elastisch vorgespannt ist, d.h. zumindest einen Teil der Klemm-Normalkraft bewirkt. Vorzugsweise tragen jedoch auch der Klemmschenkel selbst und ggf. noch der Betätigungsschenkels durch elastische Verbiegung zur Klemmkraft bei.Preferably, the rocker arm or the clamping spring is designed as an angle lever, so that between the actuating leg and the clamping leg, an angled knee section is arranged, wherein at inserted conductor end of at least the knee section is resiliently biased, i. causes at least a part of the clamping normal force. Preferably, however, also contribute to the clamping leg itself and possibly even the actuating leg by elastic bending to the clamping force.
Der Betätigungsschenkel, der Knieabschnitt und der Klemmschenkel des Kipphebels bzw. der Klemmfeder schließen bevorzugt einen Winkel von größer als 90° ein, bzw. bilden insbesondere im Wesentlichen eine V-Form, so dass der Betätigungsschenkel von dem Knieabschnitt weg ebenfalls in Einführrichtung weist. Der Betätigungsabschnitt weist also generell (vom Winkel abgesehen) in die selbe Richtung, (nämlich die Einführrichtung) wie der Klemmschenkel. Vorzugsweise ist die Lagerachse innerhalb der V-Form im Bereich des Knieabschnitts angeordnet und der Betätigungsabschnitt verläuft bei geschlossener Kontaktklemme im Wesentlichen parallel zur Einführrichtung. Es hat sich bewährt, angepasst an die Größe und den notwendigen Schwenkwinkel einen Winkel der V-Form von 135° ± 30° auszuwählen. Die im Wesentlichen V-förmige Klemmfeder weist dabei mit dem Knieabschnitt pfeilspitzenartig entgegen der Einführrichtung, insbesondere in der geöffneten Schwenkposition leicht abwärts (hin zur Leiterachse)und/oder in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition leicht aufwärts (weg von der Leiterachse). Es soll zunächst nicht ausgeschlossen sein, dass weitere Schenkel zur Bildung einer komplexeren Federform vorhanden sind, bevorzugt ist allerdings die einfachste Form, die im Wesentlichen lediglich aus einer V-Form aus zwei im Wesentlichen geraden Hauptschenkeln (Klemm- und Betätigungsschenkel) in einem Winkel von spitzer als 90° und dem verbindenden Knieabschnitt besteht. Kleinere Abschnitte, wie die leicht abgewinkelte Klemmstelle sind hierbei als Teil des jeweiligen Hauptschenkels anzusehen. Alles in Allem ist diese Art der Formgebung benutzerfreundlich und platzsparend.The actuating leg, the knee section and the clamping leg of the rocker arm and the clamping spring close preferably an angle of greater than 90 °, or in particular form substantially a V-shape, so that the actuating limb away from the knee section also in the insertion direction. The actuating portion thus has generally (apart from the angle) in the same direction (namely, the insertion direction) as the clamping leg. Preferably, the bearing axis is disposed within the V-shape in the region of the knee section and the actuating portion extends with the contact terminal closed substantially parallel to the insertion direction. It has proven useful to select an angle of the V-shape of 135 ° ± 30 °, adapted to the size and the necessary pivot angle. The substantially V-shaped clamping spring points with the knee section arrowhead like against the insertion direction, especially in the open pivot position slightly downward (towards the conductor axis) and / or in the closed pivot position slightly upward (away from the conductor axis). It should initially not be ruled out that further legs are present to form a more complex spring shape, but the simplest form, which is essentially only a V-shape of two essentially straight main legs (clamping and actuating legs) at an angle of sharpener than 90 ° and the connecting knee section. Smaller sections, such as the slightly angled nip are to be regarded as part of the respective main leg. All in all, this type of design is user-friendly and space-saving.
Wie bereits ausgeführt wurde, ist der Klemmschenkel selbst vorzugsweise als elastischer Feder-Klemmschenkel ausgebildet, derart dass beim Aufdrücken des Feder-Klemmschenkels in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition mittels des Leiterendes sich der Feder-Klemmschenkel von der Kontaktstelle weg elastisch verbiegt. Das Biegemoment des Feder-Klemmschenkels in der Sollkontaktposition des Leiterendes ist also derart ausgewählt, dass hierdurch zumindest ein Teil der Klemm-Normalkraft auf das Leiterende bewirkt wird. Vorzugsweise ist aber auch der Betätigungsschenkel als Federschenkel ausgebildet und trägt zur Bewirkung der Klemm-Normalkraft bei. Eine einstückig gestanzte und geformte Klemmfeder, insbesondere von gleichmäßiger Dicke, ist einfach in der Herstellung. Vorzugsweise ist jedoch die Biegesteifigkeit des Betätigungsschenkels größer als die Biegesteifigkeit des Feder-Klemmschenkels eingestellt, z.B. durch eine größere Breite des Betätigungsschenkels. Ferner ist bevorzugt der Betätigungsschenkel länger als der Klemmschenkel, so dass vorteilhafterweise eine Übersetzung der Betätigungskraft in eine höhere Klemmkraft erreicht wird.As already stated, the clamping leg itself is preferably designed as an elastic spring clamping leg, such that upon pressing of the spring clamping leg in the closed pivot position by means of the conductor end, the spring-clamping leg from the contact point elastically bends. The bending moment of the spring-clamping leg in the desired contact position of the conductor end is thus selected such that thereby at least a part of the clamping normal force is effected on the conductor end. Preferably, however, the actuating leg is designed as a spring leg and contributes to the effect of the clamping normal force. An integrally stamped and shaped clamping spring, especially of uniform thickness, is easy to manufacture. Preferably, however, the bending stiffness of the actuating leg is set greater than the bending stiffness of the spring-clamping leg, for example by a greater width of the actuating arm. Further, the actuating leg is preferably longer than the clamping leg, so that advantageously a translation of the actuating force is achieved in a higher clamping force.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der Klemmschenkel ein freies Klemmende, mit welchem das Leiterende geklemmt wird und einen zwischen dem freien Klemmende und dem Knieabschnitt verlaufenden Hauptabschnitt auf. Hierbei verläuft der Hauptabschnitt in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition in Einführrichtung von der Einführseite zur Klemmstelle hin schräg zum Kontaktabschnitt und hat eine Doppelfunktion, in dem er das Ableiten des Leiterendes beim Einführen bewirkt als auch zur Vorspannung der Klemmfeder beiträgt. Beim Einführen kommt das Leiterende nämlich bevorzugt zunächst an dem Hauptabschnitt zur Anlage und wird aufgrund der schrägen Anordnung in Richtung zum Kontaktabschnitt geführt, um anschließend die Klemmfeder aufzudrücken. Der Abschnitt mit dem freien Klemmende ist erheblich kürzer als der Hauptabschnitt und vorzugsweise entgegen der Einführrichtung relativ zum Hauptabschnitt etwas gebogen ist, so dass in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition mit eingeführtem Leiterende das freie Klemmende einen stumpferen Winkel mit dem Kontaktabschnitt des Haltegestells einschließt, als der Hauptabschnitt bzw. der Teil des Klemmschenkel, der die Einführung des Leiterendes bewirkt. Der Klemmabschnitt mit dem Klemmende ist demnach um einen Winkel von weniger als 90° gegenüber dem Hauptabschnitt abgewinkelt, insbesondere um weniger als 45°. Hierdurch kann trotz relativ spitzem Winkel des Hauptabschnitts eine bessere Kraftableitung erzielt und die Auszugskraft erhöht werden. Der freie Klemmabschnitt bzw. das Klemmende sollte aber noch immer in Einführrichtung weisen, d.h. von der Einführrichtung aus gesehen einen Winkel von kleiner als 90° zur Einführrichtung bzw. zum hierzu im Wesentlichen parallele Kontaktabschnitt aufweisen, um das Einführen des Leiters nicht zu behindern. Der Klemmschenkel verläuft also trotzdem im Wesentlichen gerade von der Klemmstelle zur Lagerachse.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping leg has a free terminal end with which the conductor end is clamped and a main section extending between the free terminal end and the knee section. Here, the main section extends in the closed pivot position in the insertion direction from the insertion side to the clamping point obliquely to the contact portion and has a dual function in which it causes the derivation of the conductor end during insertion and contributes to the bias of the clamping spring. Namely, during insertion, the conductor end preferably comes first to the main portion to the plant and is guided due to the oblique arrangement in the direction of the contact portion, in order then to press the clamping spring. The section with the free terminal end is considerably shorter than the main portion and is preferably bent slightly counter to the insertion direction relative to the main portion, so that in the closed pivot position with inserted conductor end the free terminal end forms a stoop angle with the contact portion of the support frame than the main portion or part the clamping leg, which causes the introduction of the conductor end. The clamping portion with the clamping end is therefore angled at an angle of less than 90 ° relative to the main portion, in particular by less than 45 °. In this way, despite a relatively acute angle of the main section, a better power dissipation can be achieved and the pull-out force can be increased. However, the free clamping section or the clamping end should still point in the insertion direction, ie, as viewed from the insertion direction, have an angle of less than 90 ° to the insertion direction or to the contact section essentially parallel thereto, so as not to hinder the insertion of the conductor. The clamping leg thus still runs substantially straight from the nip to the bearing axis.
Weiter vorzugsweise weist der Hauptabschnitt des Feder-Klemmschenkels eine, insbesondere bogenförmige, Einschnürung auf, welche die Biegesteifigkeit des Feder-Klemmschenkels an der Einschnürung reduziert. Dies sorgt für eine bessere Verteilung des Biegemoments und die Klemmfeder kann im Ganzen etwas kleiner ausgebildet werden. Dabei ist die schmalste Stelle des Hauptabschnitts schmaler als das freie Klemmende und der Knieabschnitt.Further preferably, the main portion of the spring-clamping leg on, in particular arcuate, constriction, which reduces the bending stiffness of the spring-clamping leg at the constriction. This ensures a better distribution of the bending moment and the clamping spring can be made slightly smaller on the whole. The narrowest point of the main section is narrower than the free terminal end and the knee section.
Der Betätigungsschenkel der Klemmfeder weist vorzugsweise einen entfernt von dem Schwenklager positionierten Betätigungsabschnitt auf. Das Schließen der Klemmfeder erfolgt z.B. durch manuelles Drücken durch den Benutzer und kann mit blankem Finger erfolgen. Wenn der Benutzer den Betätigungsabschnitt drückt, wird über den Betätigungsschenkel, der als Krafthebel wirkt, die Schwenkbewegung in die geschlossene Schwenkposition der Klemmfeder bewirkt. Der Schwenkwinkel beträgt etwa 45° ± 30° und der Betätigungsabschnitt verläuft in der geöffneten Schwenkposition schräg von dem Kontaktabschnitt weg und ggf. in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition im Wesentlichen parallel zur Einführrichtung, was eine gute Bedienbarkeit und kompakte Bauweise erlaubt.The actuating leg of the clamping spring preferably has a remote from the pivot bearing positioned Operating section on. The closing of the clamping spring, for example, by manual pressing by the user and can be done with a bare finger. When the user presses the operating portion, the pivotal movement is effected in the closed pivot position of the clamping spring on the actuating leg, which acts as a power lever. The pivoting angle is approximately 45 ° ± 30 ° and the actuating portion extends in the open pivot position obliquely away from the contact portion and possibly in the closed pivot position substantially parallel to the insertion direction, which allows good operability and compact design.
Der Kipphebel rastet vorzugsweise an dem Haltegestell hörbar in der geschlossenen Schwenkposition ein, so dass eine hohe Kontaktsicherheit gewährleistet ist. Hierzu weist der Kipphebel bzw. die Klemmfeder einen freien Rastabschnitt auf, welcher sich an dem dem freien Klemmende gegenüberliegenden Ende des Kipphebels entfernt von der Lagerachse befindet. Der Rastabschnitt ist vorzugsweise gegenüber dem Betätigungsschenkel in Richtung des Haltegestell bzw. des Kontaktabschnitts abgewinkelt und die Rastmittel sind an dem Rastabschnitt angeordnet. So stören die Rastmittel nicht beim manuellen Betätigen. Dadurch dass die Verrastung des Betätigungsschenkels entfernt von der Lagerung angeordnet ist, kann auch der Betätigungsschenkel zur Federwirkung und Vorspannung beitragen.The rocker arm engages audibly on the support frame in the closed pivot position, so that a high contact reliability is ensured. For this purpose, the rocker arm or the clamping spring on a free latching portion which is located at the opposite end of the free clamping end of the rocker arm remote from the bearing axis. The latching portion is preferably angled relative to the actuating limb in the direction of the holding frame or the contact portion and the latching means are arranged on the latching portion. Thus, the locking means do not interfere with manual operation. The fact that the locking of the actuating leg is arranged away from the storage, the actuating leg can also contribute to the spring action and bias.
Das Haltegestell ist im Querschnitt zur Einführrichtung vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen U-förmig ausgebildet und weist demnach zwei seitliche Wangen und eine untere Basis auf, wobei letztere integral den Kontaktabschnitt bildet. Der Kipphebel bzw. die Klemmfeder weist ebenfalls zwei seitliche Wangen auf und der Kipphebel ist mit seinen Wangen an den Wangen des Haltegestells schwenkbar gelagert, was eine gute Seitenführung gewährleistet.The holding frame is preferably formed in cross-section to the insertion direction substantially U-shaped and thus has two lateral cheeks and a lower base, the latter integrally forming the contact portion. Of the Rocker arm or the clamping spring also has two lateral cheeks and the rocker arm is pivotally mounted with his cheeks on the cheeks of the support frame, which ensures good lateral guidance.
Ferner bevorzugt sind die seitlichen Wangen des Kipphebels im Wesentlichen L-förmig ausgebildet und die Lagerachse des Kipphebels ist in Einführrichtung des Leiterendes vor der Verbindungsstelle der seitlichen Wangen an dem Betätigungsschenkel angeordnet, so dass der Drehpunkt relativ dicht an dem Knieabschnitt und die Verbindungsstelle etwas weiter von dem Knieabschnitt entfernt liegt. Hierdurch wird einerseits ein guter Drehpunkt für den Hebel als auch eine einfache Formbarkeit der Klemmfeder gewährleistet, insbesondere, da die Verbindungsstelle, die seitlich um 90° abgewinkelt ist, mit dem im Wesentlichen gerade Teil des Betätigungsschenkels verbunden ist.Further preferably, the lateral cheeks of the rocker arm are formed substantially L-shaped and the bearing axis of the rocker arm is arranged in the insertion direction of the conductor end in front of the junction of the lateral cheeks on the actuating limb so that the pivot point relatively close to the knee section and the connection point slightly further the knee section away. As a result, on the one hand a good pivot point for the lever and a simple formability of the clamping spring is ensured, in particular, since the junction, which is angled laterally by 90 °, is connected to the substantially straight part of the actuating arm.
Das Anschlusselement an den das Leiterende vermittels der Kontaktklemme angeschlossen wird, ist auf der der Einführseite des Leiterendes entgegengesetzten Seite angeordnet und weist in Einführrichtung, so dass eine im Wesentlichen lineare Verbindung zwischen dem Leiter und dem Anschlusselement, z.B. für eine lineare Steckverbindung geschaffen wird. Vorzugsweise ist das vorspringende Anschlusselement mit dem Haltegestell einstückig ausgebildet. Zweckmäßig wird das Haltegestell zusammen mit dem Anschlusselement, z.B. ein Steckkontakt, aus einem Stück Metallblech gestanzt und geformt. Das Haltegestell und der Steckkontakt sind insbesondere aus Kupferblech, z.B. etwa 0,8 mm bis 2 mm dick, gestanzt und geformt und versilbert oder verzinnt und die Klemmfeder ist aus einem Federstahlblech, z.B. etwa 0,3 mm bis 0,5 mm, gestanzt und geformt.The connection element to which the conductor end is connected by means of the contact terminal is arranged on the insertion side of the conductor end opposite side and facing in the insertion direction, so that a substantially linear connection between the conductor and the connection element, for example, is provided for a linear connector. Preferably, the protruding connecting element is formed integrally with the holding frame. Suitably, the holding frame is punched and formed together with the connecting element, for example a plug-in contact, from a piece of sheet metal. The holding frame and the plug contact are in particular made of copper sheet, for example, about 0.8 mm to 2 mm thick, stamped and shaped and silvered or tinned and the clamping spring is made of a Spring steel sheet, for example about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, punched and shaped.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist das metallische Haltegestell einen Anschlag auf, an welchem ein Gegenanschlag der Klemmfeder im geschlossenen Zustand anschlägt. Der Anschlag blockiert eine Bewegung der Klemmfeder entgegen der Klemmnormalen und ist z.B. in Form von seitlichen Zapfen an den Wangen ausgebildet und insbesondere im Bereich der Lagerung angeordnet. Hierdurch wird eine zusätzliche Sicherung gegen unbeabsichtigtes Aufspringen der Klemmfeder gewährleistet, für den Fall, dass sich die Lagerung der Klemmfeder löst. Z.B. weist das Haltegestell hierzu an seiner Oberseite in der Nähe der Lagerung beidseits seitliche hakenartige Vorsprünge auf, die sich jeweils von den Wangen des U-förmigen Haltegestells quer zur Einführrichtung und entlang der Drehachse erstrecken. Seitliche Vorsprünge an der Klemmfeder greifen beim Schließen der Klemmfeder in die hakenartigen Vorsprünge ein, wodurch nicht nur eine Sicherung entgegen der Klemmnormalen, sondern auch gegen unbeabsichtigtes Aufbiegen der Wangen der Klemmfeder und des Haltegestells gegeneinander sichert, was gegen ein unbeabsichtigtes Aufspringen der Lagerung sichert. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn kurze Lagerzapfen als Drehlager verwendet werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the metallic holding frame has a stop against which a counter-stop of the clamping spring strikes in the closed state. The stop blocks movement of the clamping spring against the clamping standards and is e.g. formed in the form of lateral pins on the cheeks and arranged in particular in the storage area. As a result, an additional safeguard against unintentional cracking of the clamping spring is ensured, in the event that the storage of the clamping spring dissolves. For example, For this purpose, the holding frame for this purpose on both sides on its upper side near the storage side hook-like projections which extend transversely to the insertion direction and along the axis of rotation of the cheeks of the U-shaped support frame. Lateral projections on the clamping spring engage in closing the clamping spring in the hook-like projections, which not only secures against the clamping standards, but also against unintentional bending of the cheeks of the clamping spring and the holding frame against each other, which ensures against unintentional popping storage. This is particularly advantageous when short bearing journals are used as a pivot bearing.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Verbinder zum Anschließen eines Leiterendes an das Anschlusselement mit einem vorzugsweise wasserdichten Gehäuse, in dem die Kontaktklemme beherbergt ist. Der Verbinder ist damit besonders geeignet für den Einsatz im Freien, insbesondere für den Anschluss von Photovoltaikmodulen, z.B. als Anschlussstecker zu Verbinden mit einer Anschluss- und Verbindungsdose eines Photovoltaikmoduls. Das dielektrische Gehäuse ist vorzugsweise zumindest zweiteilig, besonders bevorzugt zumindest dreiteilig ausgebildet und umfasst ein inneres Halteteil, an dem die Kontaktklemme befestigt ist, z.B. mit Rasthaken an dem Halteteil verrastet ist. Das Gehäuse weist ferner ein hülsenförmiges Umgehäuseteil auf, das in montiertem Zustand das Halteteil zumindest teilweise umschließt. Das hülsenförmige Umgehäuseteil weist vorzugsweise einen inneren Sicherungsabschnitt, z.B. in Form einer nach innen gerichteten Rippe auf, welche in montiertem Zustand an dem Betätigungsschenkel anliegt und somit den Kipphebel ggf. zusätzlich zu der Verrastung gegen ein unbeabsichtigtes Aufspringen sichert. Durch diese ggf. sogar doppelte Sicherung wird eine besonders hohe Gewähr gegen unbeabsichtigtes Öffnen der Kontaktklemme erreicht. Der Gehäuseboden ist in Fortsetzung des Kontaktabschnitts ausgebildet, um ein hakfreies Einschieben des Leiterendes über den Gehäuseboden und den Kontaktabschnitt zu gewährleisten.The invention further relates to a connector for connecting a conductor end to the connection element with a preferably watertight housing in which the contact terminal is housed. The connector is thus particularly suitable for use outdoors, in particular for the connection of photovoltaic modules, eg as Connector for connection to a junction box of a photovoltaic module. The dielectric housing is preferably formed at least in two parts, more preferably at least three parts, and comprises an inner holding part, to which the contact clamp is attached, for example, is latched to the holding part with latching hook. The housing further has a sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteil, which at least partially surrounds the holding part in the assembled state. The sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteil preferably has an inner securing portion, for example in the form of an inwardly directed rib, which rests in the mounted state on the actuating limb and thus secures the rocker arm, if necessary, in addition to the catch against accidental rupture. By this possibly even double backup a particularly high guarantee against unintentional opening of the contact terminal is achieved. The housing bottom is formed in continuation of the contact portion to ensure a hook-free insertion of the conductor end via the housing bottom and the contact portion.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Gehäuse noch ein drittes hülsenförmiges Überwurfteil, das in montiertem Zustand mit dem hülsenförmigen Umgehäuseteil in Eingriff steht und die Kontaktklemme und das Halteteil gemeinsam mit dem hülsenförmigen Umgehäuseteil, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen wasserdicht, einschließt.Preferably, the housing further comprises a third sleeve-shaped cap part, which is in the assembled state with the sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteil engaged and includes the contact terminal and the holding part together with the sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteil, preferably substantially waterproof.
Für die Montage durch den Benutzer ist die Kontaktklemme an dem Halteteil des Gehäuses befestigt und das Überwurfteil ist temporär an dem Halteteil befestigt. Insbesondere ist das Überwurfteil als eine Überwurfhülse oder Überwurfmutter ausgebildet, welche mit einem Gewindeende, noch nicht vollständig auf dem Halteteil aufschraubt ist. In diesem Zustand kann die Kontaktklemme noch geöffnet sein. Wenn das Leiterende in geöffnetem Zustand in die Kontaktklemme durch ein dem Gewindeende gegenüberliegendes Ende eingeführt wird, geschieht dies vorzugsweise in dem vorbeschriebenen teilverschraubten Zustand des Gehäuses. Anschließend wird die Klemmfeder geschlossen und das hülsenförmige Umgehäuseteil von der anderen Seite auf das Halteteil gesteckt und mit der Überwurfmutter fest verschraubt. Hierbei läuft die Verschraubung mit dem Halteteil gegebenenfalls ins Leere. Im endgültig montierten Zustand ist dann die Überwurfmutter auf dem hülsenförmigen Umgehäuseteil aufgeschraubt und die Klemmrippe des hülsenförmigen Umgehäuseteils liegt an der Klemmfeder an und sichert diese. Die Überwurfmutter weist gegenüber dem Gewindeende eine Einführöffnung für den Leiter auf und zwischen der Überwurfmutter und dem Halteteil ist eine elastomere Ringdichtung zum Abdichten des Leiters an seiner Ummantelung eingesetzt. Das hülsenförmige Umgehäuseteil weist an seiner dem Einführende gegenüberliegendem Ende einen Kontaktvorsprung auf, in welchem das Anschlusselement zum Kontaktieren mit einem Gegenverbinder beherbergt ist, sowie Verbindungsmittel mit dem Gegenverbinder.For mounting by the user, the contact terminal is fixed to the holding part of the housing and the capping part is temporarily fixed to the holding part. In particular, the cap part is designed as a cap sleeve or union nut, which with a threaded end, not yet completely unscrewed on the holding part. In this state, the contact terminal may still be open. When the conductor end is inserted into the contact terminal in the open state through an end opposite the threaded end, this preferably takes place in the above-described partially screwed-on state of the housing. Subsequently, the clamping spring is closed and the sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteil inserted from the other side to the holding part and firmly screwed to the union nut. If necessary, the screw connection with the holding part runs into the void. In the final assembled state then the union nut is screwed onto the sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteil and the clamping rib of the sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteils is applied to the clamping spring and secures them. The union nut has opposite the threaded end an insertion opening for the conductor and between the union nut and the holding part is an elastomeric ring seal used to seal the conductor to its sheath. The sleeve-shaped Umgehäuseteil has at its end opposite the insertion a contact projection in which the connection element is housed for contacting with a mating connector, and connecting means with the mating connector.
Ein besonderer Vorzug der Erfindung ist es allerdings, neben dem vorstehend beschriebenen Anschlussverfahren, dass der Verbinder mit geschlossener und gesicherter Kontaktklemme ohne Leiter fast vollständig zusammengebaut werden kann und erst nachfolgend der Leiter mit dem abisolierten Leiterende in den Verbinder bei geschlossener Kontaktklemme eingeführt werden kann. Es ist lediglich zweckmäßig die Verschraubung vor dem Einführen des Leiters noch etwas lose zu lassen, und erst nach Einführen des Leiters und Herstellung des Klemmkontakts die Verschraubung fest zu ziehen, wobei die Abdichtung erfolgt. Dadurch kann der Verbinder sehr weit vorkonfektioniert werden und ist für den Benutzer besonders einfach zu handhaben. Das Leiterende ist demnach in beiden Zuständen, nämlich sowohl in geöffnetem Zustand als auch in geschlossenem Zustand mit der Kontaktklemme bzw. mit dem Verbinder, insbesondere manuell, anschließbar bzw. verbindbar.A particular advantage of the invention, however, in addition to the connection method described above, that the connector with closed and secured contact terminal without ladder can be almost completely assembled and only subsequently the conductor with the stripped conductor end in the connector with closed contact terminal can be inserted. It is only expedient to leave the screw still slightly loose before inserting the conductor, and only after insertion of the Conductor and manufacture of the terminal contact to tighten the screw, the seal is made. As a result, the connector can be prefabricated very far and is particularly easy for the user to handle. The conductor end is therefore in both states, namely both in the open state and in the closed state with the contact terminal or with the connector, in particular manually, connectable or connectable.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren näher erläutert.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of an embodiment and with reference to the figures.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- Eine dreidimensionale Darstellung der geöffneten Kontaktklemme von schräg oben,
- Fig. 2
- Wie
Fig. 1 , aber mit geschlossener Klemmfeder, - Fig. 3
- Eine Seitenansicht der geöffneten Kontaktklemme,
- Fig. 4
- Wie
Fig. 3 , aber mit geschlossener Klemmfeder, - Fig. 5
- Eine dreidimensionale Darstellung des U-förmigen Haltegestells von schräg oben,
- Fig. 6
- Eine dreidimensionale Darstellung der Klemmfeder von schräg unten von der Einführseite,
- Fig. 7
- Eine dreidimensionale Darstellung der Klemmfeder von schräg oben,
- Fig. 8
- Eine Seitenansicht der Klemmfeder,
- Fig. 9-11
- Einen Längsschnitt entsprechend dem Schnitt A-A in
Fig. 13 durch die Kontaktklemme mit Steckkontakt beim Einscheiben des Leiterendes in die geschlossene Kontaktklemme, - Fig. 12
- Eine Seitenansicht der Einzelteile des Steckverbinders mit eingebauter Kontaktklemme
- Fig. 13
- Wie
Fig. 12 , aber in der Aufsicht von oben, - Fig. 14
- Ein Längsschnitt entlang der Linie A-A in
Fig. 13 , - Fig. 15
- Eine Aufsicht von oben auf den vollständig zusammengebauten Verbinder ohne Leiter,
- Fig. 16
- Ein Längsschnitt durch den vollständig zusammengebauten Verbinder entlang der Linie B-B in
Fig. 15 , - Fig. 17
- Eine dreidimensionale Darstellung des vollständig zusammengebauten Verbinders von schräg vorne,
- Fig. 18
- Eine dreidimensionale Darstellung auf den vollständig zusammengebauten Verbinder von schräg hinten, von wo der Leiter einzuführen ist.
- Fig. 1
- A three-dimensional representation of the open contact terminal from obliquely above,
- Fig. 2
- As
Fig. 1 but with closed clamping spring, - Fig. 3
- A side view of the open contact terminal,
- Fig. 4
- As
Fig. 3 but with closed clamping spring, - Fig. 5
- A three-dimensional representation of the U-shaped support frame obliquely from above,
- Fig. 6
- A three-dimensional representation of the clamping spring obliquely from the bottom of the insertion,
- Fig. 7
- A three-dimensional representation of the clamping spring obliquely from above,
- Fig. 8
- A side view of the clamping spring,
- Fig. 9-11
- A longitudinal section corresponding to the section AA in
Fig. 13 through the contact terminal with plug contact when inserting the conductor end into the closed contact terminal, - Fig. 12
- A side view of the parts of the connector with built-in contact terminal
- Fig. 13
- As
Fig. 12 but in the top-down view, - Fig. 14
- A longitudinal section along the line AA in
Fig. 13 . - Fig. 15
- A top view of the fully assembled connector without ladder,
- Fig. 16
- A longitudinal section through the fully assembled connector along the line BB in
Fig. 15 . - Fig. 17
- A three-dimensional representation of the fully assembled connector obliquely from the front,
- Fig. 18
- A three-dimensional view of the fully assembled connector from behind, from where the conductor is to be inserted.
Die Klemmfeder 60 ist im Wesentlichen V-förmig ausgebildet und umfasst einen Klemmschenkel 72, einen Betätigungsschenkel 74, einen den Klemmschenkel und den Betätigungsschenkel verbindenden Knieabschnitt 76.The clamping
Bezug nehmend auf
Bezug nehmend auf
Die Einzelheiten des Haltegestells 20 und der Klemmfeder 60 sind ferner in den Einzeldarstellungen der
Bezug nehmend auf
Der Klemmschenkel 72 weist an seinem unteren Ende einen wieder in voller Breite ausgestalteten Klemmabschnitt 92 auf, mit dessen Unterkante 94 das Leiterende geklemmt wird und der somit die Klemmstelle 95 definiert.Referring to
The clamping
Bezug nehmend auf
Der entspannte Klemmschenkel 72 bildet in Bezug auf die Einführrichtung einen relativ flachen Winkel von etwa γ = 45° und verläuft unter diesem Winkel, gesehen vom Knieabschnitt 76 zum Klemmabschnitt 92, in der Einführrichtung E.The
Anhand den
Bezug nehmend auf die
In den
Bezug nehmend auf
Zur Montage bei geöffneter Kontaktklemme 10 wird die Überwurfmutter 166 mit ihrem Gewinde 174 auf das Gewinde 176 des Halteteils 164 aufgeschraubt, wobei eine elastomere Dichthülse 178 in eine Quetschkrone 180 am Einführende des Halteteils 164 eingesetzt ist. In diesem vormontierten Zustand braucht der Benutzer lediglich die hintere Kontaktanordnung 182 aus den Teilen 10, 164, 166, 178 und das vordere hülsenförmige Umgehäuse 162 zu halten und kann das Leiterende durch die Einführöffnung 184 in der Überwurfmutter 166 frei in die geöffnete Kontaktklemme 10 einführen. In diesem Zustand ist eine Sichtkontrolle der korrekten Position des Leiterendes 16 möglich und der Betätigungsschenkel 74 ist gut mit dem Finger erreichbar, so dass der Benutzer anschließend die Kontaktklemme 10 schließen kann. Nun wird das hülsenförmige Umgehäuse 162 von vorne auf den Steckkontakt 28, über das Halteteil 164 und in die Überwurfmutter 166 eingeschoben. Anschließen wird die Überwurfmutter 166 weiter festgeschraubt, wobei das Gewinde 174 mit dem Außengewinde 186 des hülsenförmigen Umgehäuses 162 in Eingriff kommt und fest verschraubt wird. Da das Gewinde 174 etwa in der Mitte der Überwurfmutter 166 endet, wird die Verschraubung mit dem Gewinde 176 des Halteteils 164 wieder frei gegeben, so dass eine optimale Verschraubung mit dem hülsenförmigen Umgehäuse 162 erreicht werden kann. Hier sind jedoch auch alternative Verbindungsformen denkbar. Bei der Verschraubung wird die Quetschkrone 180 zusammengedrückt und dichtet mit dem elastomeren Dichtring 178 gegen die Ummantelung (nicht dargestellt) des Leiters. Eine weitere Ringdichtung 188 dichtet das Halteteil 164 gegen das hülsenförmige Umgehäuse 162.For assembly with
Bezug nehmend auf die
Bezug nehmend auf
Weiter Bezug nehmend auf
Es ist für den Fachmann ersichtlich, dass die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen beispielhaft zu verstehen sind, und die Erfindung nicht auf diese beschränkt ist, sondern in vielfältiger Weise variiert werden kann, ohne die Erfindung zu verlassen, wie sie durch die Ansprüche definiert ist.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above described embodiments are to be read by way of example, and that the invention is not limited thereto, but that it can be varied in many ways without departing from the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (15)
- A contact clamp (10) for connecting a stripped conductor end (16) that is insertable into the contact clamp (10) from an insertion end (12), comprising:a retaining frame (20) with a contact portion (26), to which the conductor end (16) is electrically connectable;a clamping spring (60) comprising a clamping leg (72) and an actuating leg (74) and being configured in the form of a rocker lever which is pivotally mounted in the retaining frame (20) and can be pivoted back and forth between an open pivotal position (Fig. 1) and a closed pivotal position (Fig. 2);characterized in thatwherein, when in the closed pivotal position, the clamping leg (72) clamps the conductor end (16) against the contact portion (26), when the conductor end (16) is inserted to the target contact position (FIG. 11) in the contact clamp (10), in order to establish the electrical contact between the conductor end (16) and the contact portion (26),wherein, when in the open pivotal position, the clamping leg (72) is pivoted away from the contact portion (26) so as to clear the contact area (18) in the contact clamp (10), so that in the open pivotal position the conductor end (16) can be freely inserted into the contact clamp (10) on the one hand, and on the other it is released so that it can be removed from the contact clamp (10); andwherein latching means (80a, 80b, 34a, 34b) are provided between the clamp spring (60) and the retaining frame (20), and wherein in the closed pivotal position the clamp spring (60) is latched on the retaining frame (20);in the closed, latched pivotal position, the clamping leg (72) extends at an angle (γ) relative to the contact portion (26), as seen in the insertion direction (E) of the conductor end (16); andthe clamping leg (72) is of resiliently movable nature such that when in its closed, latched pivotal position, the conductor end (16) can be introduced into the contact clamp (10) to the target contact position by urging the clamping leg (72) to resiliently open.
- The contact clamp (10) according to claim 1,
wherein the pivot bearing (14) is located upstream of the clamping point (94) of the clamping leg (72) on the conductor end (16), as seen in the insertion direction (E), and wherein, when in the closed pivotal position, the clamping leg (72) extends obliquely towards the contact portion (26), from the pivot bearing (14) to the clamping point (94), as seen in the insertion direction, and when pivoted from the closed to the open pivotal position the clamping leg (72) pivots open in the insertion direction (E). - The contact clamp (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the clamp spring (60) is stamped and formed as a single piece from a spring sheet metal.
- The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamp spring (60) is in the form of an angle lever, and wherein an angled knee portion (76) is provided between the actuating leg (74) and the clamping leg (72).
- The contact clamp (10) according to claim 4, wherein the actuating leg (74), the knee portion (76) and the clamping leg (72) substantially form a V-shape.
- The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping leg (72) is made as a resilient spring clamping leg (72), such that in the closed pivotal position, when the spring clamping leg (72) is pushed open by the conductor end (16), the spring clamping leg (72) is resiliently deflected away from the contact portion (26), and in the target contact position of the conductor end (16), the bending moment of the spring clamping leg (72) causes at least a portion of the normal clamping force to the conductor end (16).
- The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping leg (72) has a free clamping end (94) which clamps the conductor end (16), and a main portion, wherein in the closed pivotal position the main portion extends obliquely towards the contact portion (26), from the insertion end (12) to the clamping point (94) as seen in the insertion direction (E), and wherein the free clamping end (94) is bent against the insertion direction (E), such that in the closed pivotal position with an inserted conductor end (16), the free clamping end (94) encloses an angle to the contact portion (26) of the retaining frame (20) that is more obtuse than the main portion does.
- The contact clamp (10) according to claim 7,
wherein the main portion of the spring clamping leg (72) has a constriction (73a, 73b) which reduces the bending stiffness of the spring clamping leg (72) at the point of the constriction. - The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the closed pivotal position the actuating leg (74) has an actuating portion (82) arranged at a distance from the pivot bearing (14), so that when the user pushes the actuating portion (82) the clamp spring (60) is pivoted and as a result the contact clamp (10) is closed and the actuating leg (74) extends in the insertion direction (E), from the pivot bearing (14) to the actuating portion (82), when in the closed pivotal position.
- The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamp spring (60) has a latching portion (78) provided on the end of the clamp spring (60) opposite the free clamping end (94), wherein the latching portion (78) is bent downwards, towards the retaining frame (20), relative to the actuating leg (74), and wherein the latching means are provided on the latching portion (26).
- The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining frame (20) is substantially U-shaped and has two lateral walls (22a, 22b) on which the clamp spring (60) is pivotally mounted, and has a base connecting the two lateral walls (22a, 22b) to one another, and wherein the base defines the contact portion (26).
- The contact clamp (10) according to claim 11, wherein the clamp spring (60) has two flanges (62a, 62b) laterally bent downwards, and wherein the bearing (14) of the clamp spring (60) is provided on the lateral flanges (62a, 62b) of the clamp spring (60) and on the lateral walls (22a, 22b) of the U-shaped retaining frame (20).
- The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining frame (20) and the clamp spring (60) have complementary abutment means (90a, 90b, 36a, 36b) which in the closed pivotal position provide a mechanical protection against unintentional detachment of the bearing (14).
- The contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining frame (20) comprises a firm electrical connection element (28) at the end opposite the conductor end insertion end (12) and extending in the insertion direction (E), wherein the contact clamp (10) establishes electrical contact between the conductor end (16) and the electrical connection element (28).
- A connector (110) for connecting a conductor end, comprising:the contact clamp (10) according to any one of the preceding claims; anda dielectric housing (160) accommodating the contact clamp (10), wherein the housing (160) consists of at least two parts, including a retaining component (164) to which the contact clamp (10) is attached, and a sleeve-like casing component (162), wherein in the assembled state the casing component (162) at least partially encloses the retaining component (164).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008061268.5A DE102008061268B4 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2008-12-10 | Contact terminal and connector with contact terminal |
EP09767983.1A EP2356721B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-08 | Contact clamp and connector having contact clamp |
Related Parent Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09767983.1A Division EP2356721B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-08 | Contact clamp and connector having contact clamp |
EP09767983.1A Division-Into EP2356721B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-08 | Contact clamp and connector having contact clamp |
EP09767983.1 Division | 2009-12-08 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2381536A2 EP2381536A2 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
EP2381536A3 EP2381536A3 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
EP2381536B1 true EP2381536B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
Family
ID=41647093
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11005784.1A Active EP2381536B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-08 | Contact clamp and connector with contact clamp |
EP09767983.1A Active EP2356721B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-08 | Contact clamp and connector having contact clamp |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09767983.1A Active EP2356721B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2009-12-08 | Contact clamp and connector having contact clamp |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8727819B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2381536B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5697602B2 (en) |
CN (2) | CN102282725B (en) |
BR (2) | BRPI0922446B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008061268B4 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2669040T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010066399A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
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CN102282725B (en) | 2015-04-01 |
ES2669040T3 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
BRPI0922446A2 (en) | 2020-08-11 |
JP2012511795A (en) | 2012-05-24 |
CN103531921B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
DE102008061268A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
CN102282725A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
JP5697602B2 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
EP2356721A1 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
DE102008061268B4 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
US20110318975A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
EP2381536A3 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
CN103531921A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
ES2558135T3 (en) | 2016-02-02 |
BR122020023680B1 (en) | 2021-03-09 |
EP2356721B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
BRPI0922446B1 (en) | 2021-01-12 |
WO2010066399A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
EP2381536A2 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
US8727819B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 |
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